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133 (Figure 39.) presents schematically the operation of the Ludwigslust plant in Germany. Figure 39.: Schematic operation of the Ludwigslust plant in Germany. (Wastesum project, Del 3A. 2010)
134 8. Sweden The Swedish strategy All parties participate in this work – from producers to households. The producers are responsible for their various product groups, the local authorities are responsible for the household waste, <strong>and</strong> the operators in the sector are responsible for taking care of all waste which is not household waste. The households have the responsibility to separate paper, packaging, electric waste, batteries, <strong>and</strong> bulky waste <strong>and</strong> to leave this waste for the collection systems available. Households also have the responsibility to follow the regulations for waste management within their municipality. (AÖS., 2009) The EU waste hierarchy characterizes the Swedish waste management system: waste prevention, reuse, material recycling, recovery – for example energy recovery – <strong>and</strong> last, disposal. EU decisions set the frameworks for Swedish waste management. The environmental objectives of the Swedish Parliament govern the waste management <strong>and</strong> its environmental aspects. By 2015, at the latest, at least 60 percent of phosphorus pollution in effluent shall be treated <strong>and</strong> used on productive l<strong>and</strong>s, of which at least half should be used on arable l<strong>and</strong>. (AÖS., 2009) 8.1. Waste management situation The most important environmental objectives set in Sweden (refer to 2010) are: ‣ By 2010, at the latest, a minimum of 50 percent of household waste shall be recovered through material recycling, including biological treatment. ‣ By 2010, at the latest, a minimum of 35 percent of food waste from households, restaurants, large-scale kitchens, <strong>and</strong> stores shall be recycled through biological treatment. The objective refers to sources separated food waste for both home composting <strong>and</strong> central treatment.
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National Technical University of At
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3.3.4. Landfill sy
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10.4.2.Susteren sewage treatment <s
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Figure 44.: Västerås concept ....
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Picture 30.: The heat exchanger sys
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(Table 8.): The Ljungsjöverket pla
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2 1. Bio-WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATI
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4 The Directive envisages the possi
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6 In the Commission's estimation, a
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8 of yard waste and</strong
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10 conditions (i.e., as brief as a
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12 Picture2.: View of machine used
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14 In-Vessel Composting Systems In
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16 The duration of the composting p
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18 Figure 7.: Principal emissions f
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20 2.2 Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 2.2
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22 4. Finally, methanogenic organis
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24 If the proper conditions cannot
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26 Considerations such as the desig
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28 to the viscosity of the feed, th
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30 The Netherlands
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32 Heavy metals in digestate usuall
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34 3. Large scale biodegradable was
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36 power and 1,200
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38 filtration or electrostatic prec
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40 acceptable range, but reduce the
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42 Rotary kiln furnaces Rotary kiln
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44 It has been processed an
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46 Heavy metals can be grouped into
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48 choices for a commercial plant w
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50 Gasification (Figure.19) using o
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52 AC plasma CO2 plasma arc Microwa
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54 pulled through an induced draft
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56 the non-biodegradables a
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58 3.3.8. Bioreactor land</
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60 4. Materials Sorting Processes 4
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62 Plastics Plastics (Fiqure.32) po
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64 separate containers. There are a
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66 The sorting of recyclables may b
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68 4.5. Mechanical and</str
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70 glass breakage on the tipping fl
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72 within solution under the influe
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74 material, and t
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76 changing pole configuration or w
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78 4.7. Mechanical Biological Treat
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80 Biological processing compartmen
Page 93 and 94: 82 equivalence considerations <stro
Page 95 and 96: 84 5.2. Waste streams considered in
Page 97 and 98: 86 Figure 27.: Percentage of munici
Page 99 and 100: 88 6.Italy The Italian strategy Ita
Page 101 and 102: 90 Italy also set targets for colle
Page 103 and 104: 92 (Figure 30.). The quality of com
Page 105 and 106: 94 a controlled environment with wa
Page 107 and 108: 96 Picture 11.: The Corteolona plan
Page 109 and 110: 98 The building in the foreground h
Page 111 and 112: 100 compost their garden waste. The
Page 113 and 114: 102 The total amount of waste produ
Page 115 and 116: 104 7. Germany 7.1. Waste managemen
Page 117 and 118: 106 has been specified only for som
Page 119 and 120: 108 7.3. Best practices</st
Page 121 and 122: 110 The installation has different
Page 123 and 124: 112 The sludge is placed into a lar
Page 125 and 126: 114 Picture 22.: Air mixing mechani
Page 127 and 128: 116 Finally the dried sludge is bee
Page 129 and 130: 118 process treats the wastes as co
Page 131 and 132: 120 consumption is about 0.7 x106 k
Page 133 and 134: 122 Picture 30.: The heat exchanger
Page 135 and 136: 124 used for the construction of l<
Page 137 and 138: 126 International’. In the Drum D
Page 139 and 140: 128 Picture 34.: Delivery crane in
Page 141 and 142: 130 industrial processes, where <st
Page 143: 132 industry, mixes the waste <stro
Page 147 and 148: 136 joint committee or local govern
Page 149 and 150: 138 upon the number of collected fr
Page 151 and 152: 140 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Hazard
Page 153 and 154: 142 Anaerobic digestion also produc
Page 155 and 156: 144 Hässleholm 12,300 10,120 Karls
Page 157 and 158: 146 distributed either through gas
Page 159 and 160: 148 mentioned in earlier. (Chemical
Page 161 and 162: 150 Picture 39.: Public fuelling st
Page 163 and 164: 152 The pumpable organic waste is b
Page 165 and 166: 154 purchased by AGA and</s
Page 167 and 168: 156 Picture 43.: Paper bag with hou
Page 169 and 170: 158 (Table 8.): The Ljungsjöverket
Page 171 and 172: 160 Figure 46.: Schematic operation
Page 173 and 174: 162 9. United Kingdom The British S
Page 175 and 176: 164 9.2. Waste quantities 2008 The
Page 177 and 178: 166 9.3. Best practices</st
Page 179 and 180: 168 The partners collect around 840
Page 181 and 182: 170 Figure 51.: Quantity of waste c
Page 183 and 184: 172 The company recycles wood, meta
Page 185 and 186: 174 (26,650) of all households acro
Page 187 and 188: 176 Recycling Bins which are emptie
Page 189 and 190: 178 distance path. Since 1981, the
Page 191 and 192: 180 The scheme in operation in Wye
Page 193 and 194: 182 The method of composting the ga
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184 such as: Waste, Management (of
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186 heterogeneous in composition <s
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188 2000 2004 2005 2006 Total 63,24
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190 All domestic waste/recycling co
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192 The end product is made into a
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194 10.4.4. The Moerdijk incinerati
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196 11. Greece The Greeks Strategy
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198 The encouragement of rational o
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200 Picture 55.: Panoramic View of
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202 Four (4) ballistic separators
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204 Picture 58.: View of Composting
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206 Picture 59.: Refinery Unit at A
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208 Unit for Treatment of Air Emiss
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210 Picture 60.: Chania MBT plant (
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212 A biological stabilization is t
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214 Picture 66.: Prototype composti
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216 Picture 69.: Psitallia sewage s
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218 Figure 56.: Process description
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220 Since ARTI-TZ started dissemina
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222 Picture 74.: Construction of AD
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224 biodegradables be isolated <str
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226 Picture 77.: The physical separ
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228 solution are fermented (e.g., s
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230 Picture 78.: Transportation of
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232 Picture 80.: Loofen company’s
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234 The interior parts of both the
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236 Figure 61.: Coway high capacity
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238 13.3.1. Coway model (WM05-A) In
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240 13.3.3. Coway model (WM03) The
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242 13.5. DUO Enterprise Ltd Food g
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244 References: Beyea, J., J. Cook,
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246 Flaga A., 2003 Sludge Drying, I
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248 Peigne, J., Girardin, P., 2004.
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250 Internet sources: ACM Waste Man
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252 Hellenic Statistical Authority.
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254 Warwick District Council., 2010
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