(best examples and good practices) on household organic waste ...

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The provinces coordinate the municipalities' waste management <strong>and</strong> identify
instruments for separate collection, enhancing implementation of the regional
waste management plan. Municipalities are in charge of municipal waste
collection <strong>and</strong> disposal <strong>and</strong> collect charges for managing waste. (EEA Report
No 7/.,2009)
6.3. Policy instruments
The framework for waste policy instruments is often introduced at national
level leaving the actual implementation of practical measures to the lower
levels of administration. The charge for waste collection <strong>and</strong> management is
based on households' floor space per capita in the vast majority of
municipalities. To provide an incentive to prevent waste <strong>and</strong> increase recycling,
some municipalities are developing a new system where in the waste collection
charge also depends on the amount of waste generated per person in the
household. The coverage of costs has improved in recent years, with the charge
now covering around 90 % of waste management costs. (EEA Report No
7/.,2009)
Italy introduced a l<strong>and</strong>fill tax in 1996. The national regulation defines the upper
<strong>and</strong> lower level of the tax but the regions determine the precise level within
these limits. The regions also decide the destination of the tax revenues. The
tax has an environmental dimension as regions can spend up to 20 % of the
revenue on improving the waste management system, financing regional
environmental protection agencies or protecting natural areas. In 2003, the
national Parliament announced that it would introduce a l<strong>and</strong>fill ban for waste
with a calorific value exceeding 13 megajoules per ton but the ban was not
enacted until 2006 <strong>and</strong> took effect in December 2008.
Some Mediterranean soils are undersupplied with organic matter <strong>and</strong> others
are at risk of desertification. Compost can help restore the organic content <strong>and</strong>
for this reason many regions have introduced individual measures to promote
soil restoration of farming areas using organic soil improvers. For instance, the
Emilia-Romagna region provides farmers with subsidies of EUR 150–180 per
hectare to promote the use of compost. The Italian Composting Association has
developed a quality assurance system <strong>and</strong> label to guarantee <strong>good</strong> compost
quality <strong>and</strong> some regions have introduced a regional quality label for compost.
(EEA Report No 7/.,2009)
The main composted waste fractions originate from domestic food wastes,
green wastes from gardens <strong>and</strong> parks, agro industry wastes <strong>and</strong> sewage sludge