Index Accusoto, Pablo, 154 Afghanistan, 25 Africa, 133, 170 African Information Society Initiative, 135, 136 <strong>and</strong> ICTs, 136 airwaves, privatization of, 15, 89 Alfonso, Carlos, 158 Alhassan, Amin, 32, 172 Al Jazeera, 7 anti-terrorism laws, 8 Argentina, 67, 69, 73, 152, 164 Asian Pacific Economic Community, 37 Association for Progressive Communication, 149 AT&T, 57, 60, 120 deregulation of, 63 Australia, 101, 104, 133 IT sector, 161 B<strong>and</strong>ung Conference, 30 Bangemann Report, 121 Banks, Karen 153 BBC, 96--8 Belgium, 92 Beveridge Committee Report, 98 Bolivia, 164 Botswana, 133 Bourdieu, Pierre, 10, 11 Branson, Richard, 14 Brazil, 69, 70, 73, 76, 78, 128, 152, 158, 164 <strong>and</strong> debt crisis, 73 <strong>and</strong> development communication, 29 <strong>and</strong> digital inclusion, 75, 173 <strong>and</strong> Internet governance, 158 <strong>and</strong> privatization of telecommunications sector, 73--4, 79 civil society participation, 75 British media see UK media Burawoy, Michael, 147 Busaniche, Beatriz, 156 Calabrese, Andrew, 150 Cammaerts, B., 151 Canada, 18, 93, 125 <strong>and</strong> public service broadcasting, 94--5, 174 <strong>and</strong> telecommunication reforms, 56, 60 Industry Canada, 94--5 media system of, 93 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, 94 Caribbean economies, 66 Carpentier, N., 151 Castells, Manuel, 37 Centre for Communication <strong>and</strong> Human Rights, 149 Chile, 67, 69, 73, 104 China, 70, 73, 76--7, 128, 152 <strong>and</strong> telecommunications reforms, 77 <strong>and</strong> WTO, 77 China Telecom, 58 Cisco, 154 civil liberties, 126 attacks against, 9 restrictions on, 8 civil society, 24, 38, 53, 75, 78, 95--6, 100, 132, 142, 145--7, 149, 151--9, 161--2, 165, 170--4, 177 accountability of, 155--6 actors of, 11, 55, 87, 140--1, 152 <strong>and</strong> markets, 114, 146 as an institutional actor, 22 civil society organizations, 35, 38, 52--5, 76, 87, 140--1, 145--9, 156, 158, 165, 169, 176: feminist analysis of, 46, 164; legitimacy of, 177; North--South divide in, 150, 153, 156; transnational nature of, 140, 146, 156, 164, 177; see also NGOs; CRIS inclusion of, 19, 22 role of, 138--40, 148, 163, 169 symbolic power of, 145 see also WSIS 205
206 INDEX Civil Society Declaration, 138, 145--6, 152, 155--6 class, 10, 13, 16, 42--3, 68, 74, 130, 147, 164, 173 class identities see trade unions Fordist Class Compromise, 27, 36 middle class, 28, 67--70, 76, 78: globalized middle class, 67--9, 78 Cold War, 25, 27, 59, 172 end of, 34, 63, 138 colonialism, 20, 26, 28, 41, 59, 69, 127 colonial division of labour, 26 legacy of, 25, 28, 57, 133 communication policy, 6--7, 14, 19, 24--7, 30--1, 42, 86, 91, 145, 148, 163, 165, 170, 174--6 approaches, 3, 5--6, 11, 12, 17, 25, 40: <strong>and</strong> colonial legacy, 41, 25, 28, 57; <strong>and</strong> governance, 82; <strong>and</strong> institutional actors, 11; <strong>and</strong> markets, 17; <strong>and</strong> public interest, 16, 17; <strong>and</strong> state intervention, 18; democratic participation in, 6; gendered logic of, 12; neutrality of, 4--5; state intervention in, 7; see also European Union; telecommunications policy discourse of, 5--6, 38--9, 59, 63, 68, 78, 119: impact of, 19, 103; limits of, 81, 45; legitimacy of, 96, 106; shaping of, 11--12, 20, 94; shift in, 51, 93, 107, 120; see also global governance; public service broadcasting; telecommunications policy Communication Rights in Information Society (CRIS), 149, 150--1, 153 concentration of ownership, 100, 102 Connect the World, 81 Cultural Environmental Movement, 149 cultural goods, 87, 99--100, 103--4, 107 cultural imperialism, 42, 86 cyberidentities, 14, 22 Declaration of Principles of Plan of Action, 138, 152 development communication, 29--30, 81 failures of development, 29, 68 developing world see Third World digital divide, 52--4, 78, 82, 152 Digital Freedom Initiative, 152 Digital Opportunity Task Force, 53, 133--4 Digital Solidarity Fund, 152, 154 digital technology, deterministic culture of, 13 e--commerce, 104, 113, 125--6, 130--3, 137, 139 e-economy, 123 Eastern European countries <strong>and</strong> media liberalization, 96 <strong>and</strong> public service broadcasting, 96--7 as state-socialist systems, 24, 35--6 Egypt, 133 employment opportunities, 7, 27, 36, 39, 115--16, 128--30, 160--1, 164--5, 176 Ethiopia, 133 European Union (EU), 9, 26, 99 <strong>and</strong> broadcasting policy, 87, 98, 102, 106, 109, 122, 174; see also PSB <strong>and</strong> communications policy, 18, 21 <strong>and</strong> policy makers, 105, 107 social aim of, 122 export led-development, 26, 28, 34, 164 Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 4, 60, 72, 93 feminist scholarship, 11, 41, 118, 147, 148, 160--1, 163, 177; see also gender feminization of labour, 36, 39, 163; see also gendered division of labour First World, 8, 21, 31, 33, 52--3, 61--2, 133--5, 161, 175 <strong>and</strong> market reform, 63, 66, 86 <strong>and</strong> media policy, 7, 64, 79: see also EU; UK; US <strong>and</strong> sweatshops, 9 <strong>and</strong> welfare state, 9, 36, 62, 122 power of, 42, 54, 74 see also G7; G8; TNCs Fordist mode of regulation, 24, 27--8, 78 Fourth World, 73 France, 100 Fraser, Nancy, 41--3 ‘free flow of information’, 35, 131, 176 criticism of, 31 freedom of information, restriction of, 7 French Régulation School, 9, 10, 123, 171 G7, 33, 66, 140 G8, 35, 37, 70, 78, 140 G77, 30 Gates, Bill, 12, 113--14 gender blind policies, 160--2 gender <strong>and</strong> justice, 159--60, 162, 164 <strong>and</strong> rights, 160 gendered division of labour, 27, 68; see also feminization of labour
- Page 1 and 2:
Paula Chakravartty Katharine Sarika
- Page 3 and 4:
Media Topics Series editor: Valerie
- Page 5 and 6:
C○ Paula Chakravartty and Kathari
- Page 7 and 8:
Tables and figures Tables 3.1A Infr
- Page 9 and 10:
viii PREFACE shared, between the No
- Page 11 and 12:
Abbreviations ABT AFL-CIO AISI Anat
- Page 14:
Part One Policy contexts
- Page 17 and 18:
4 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION a
- Page 19 and 20:
6 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION an
- Page 21 and 22:
8 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION go
- Page 23 and 24:
10 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION T
- Page 25 and 26:
12 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION t
- Page 27 and 28:
14 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION t
- Page 29 and 30:
16 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION n
- Page 31 and 32:
18 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION H
- Page 33 and 34:
20 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION t
- Page 35 and 36:
22 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION t
- Page 37 and 38:
2 Revisiting the history of global
- Page 39 and 40:
26 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION U
- Page 41 and 42:
28 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION t
- Page 43 and 44:
30 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION c
- Page 45 and 46:
32 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION a
- Page 47 and 48:
34 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION a
- Page 49 and 50:
36 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION o
- Page 51 and 52:
38 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION i
- Page 53 and 54:
40 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION d
- Page 55 and 56:
42 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION
- Page 57 and 58:
44 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION p
- Page 59 and 60:
46 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION o
- Page 61 and 62:
48 MEDIA POLICY AND GLOBALIZATION o
- Page 64 and 65:
3 Governing the central nervous sys
- Page 66 and 67:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 53 Table
- Page 68 and 69:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 55 somewh
- Page 70 and 71:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 57 broadb
- Page 72 and 73:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 59 was fi
- Page 74 and 75:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 61 the ex
- Page 76 and 77:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 63 ineffi
- Page 78 and 79:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 65 to exe
- Page 80 and 81:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 67 all se
- Page 82 and 83:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 69 rhetor
- Page 84 and 85:
Table 3.3 Telecommunications indica
- Page 86 and 87:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 73 libera
- Page 88 and 89:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 75 real l
- Page 90 and 91:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 77 public
- Page 92 and 93:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 79 who li
- Page 94 and 95:
Table 3.4 (Continued ) Date Country
- Page 96 and 97:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY 83 has al
- Page 98 and 99:
4 Governing the backbone of culture
- Page 100 and 101:
BROADCASTING POLICY 87 Across broad
- Page 102 and 103:
BROADCASTING POLICY 89 largely by s
- Page 104 and 105:
BROADCASTING POLICY 91 countries. P
- Page 106 and 107:
BROADCASTING POLICY 93 Common conce
- Page 108 and 109:
BROADCASTING POLICY 95 support and
- Page 110 and 111:
BROADCASTING POLICY 97 European cou
- Page 112 and 113:
BROADCASTING POLICY 99 European Par
- Page 114 and 115:
BROADCASTING POLICY 101 it has on g
- Page 116 and 117:
BROADCASTING POLICY 103 limited way
- Page 118 and 119:
BROADCASTING POLICY 105 because of
- Page 120 and 121:
BROADCASTING POLICY 107 identity. P
- Page 122:
BROADCASTING POLICY 109 than others
- Page 126 and 127:
5 Policies for a new world or the e
- Page 128 and 129:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 115 good jo
- Page 130 and 131:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 117 we are
- Page 132 and 133:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 119 phrasin
- Page 134 and 135:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 121 Order
- Page 136 and 137:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 123 (EC 200
- Page 138 and 139:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 125 and acr
- Page 140 and 141:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 127 Materia
- Page 142 and 143:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 129 Interne
- Page 144 and 145:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 131 Table 5
- Page 146 and 147:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 133 that is
- Page 148 and 149:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 135 ‘limi
- Page 150 and 151:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 137 subsume
- Page 152 and 153:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 139 the pol
- Page 154 and 155:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 141 Table 5
- Page 156 and 157:
THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 143 ‘comm
- Page 158 and 159:
6 Civil society and social justice:
- Page 160 and 161:
CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 14
- Page 162 and 163:
CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 14
- Page 164 and 165:
CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 15
- Page 166 and 167: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 15
- Page 168 and 169: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 15
- Page 170 and 171: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 15
- Page 172 and 173: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 15
- Page 174 and 175: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 16
- Page 176 and 177: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 16
- Page 178 and 179: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 16
- Page 180 and 181: CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 16
- Page 182 and 183: Conclusion The three pillars for th
- Page 184 and 185: CONCLUSION 171 as the structural co
- Page 186 and 187: CONCLUSION 173 the experiences of t
- Page 188 and 189: CONCLUSION 175 political systems, s
- Page 190 and 191: CONCLUSION 177 in the area of Inter
- Page 192 and 193: Bibliography Abramson, Bram Dor and
- Page 194 and 195: BIBLIOGRAPHY 181 Bell, Daniel (1973
- Page 196 and 197: BIBLIOGRAPHY 183 Crossroads: Whose
- Page 198 and 199: BIBLIOGRAPHY 185 ECA (Economic Comm
- Page 200 and 201: BIBLIOGRAPHY 187 Garnham, Nicholas
- Page 202 and 203: BIBLIOGRAPHY 189 Series on Gender a
- Page 204 and 205: BIBLIOGRAPHY 191 International Cent
- Page 206 and 207: BIBLIOGRAPHY 193 Klein, Hans and Mi
- Page 208 and 209: BIBLIOGRAPHY 195 Millar, Melanie St
- Page 210 and 211: BIBLIOGRAPHY 197 Park, Donghyun (20
- Page 212 and 213: BIBLIOGRAPHY 199 Sarikakis, Kathari
- Page 214 and 215: BIBLIOGRAPHY 201 Sussman, Gerald (1
- Page 216: BIBLIOGRAPHY 203 Media Policy in th
- Page 221 and 222: 208 INDEX International Telecommuni
- Page 223 and 224: 210 INDEX Television Without Fronti