Chapter 3 - Natural Resources - Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton

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MCB Camp Pendleton, California MCBCP On Camp Pendleton, light-footed clapper rails were detected in the Santa Margarita River mouth (1982-1988 and 2002-2008), Cocklebur Canyon mouth (1982), and San Luis Rey River Mouth (1992) (Zembal et al. 2008). Total sightings on Base have not been greater than three pairs for a single survey season since 1982, and never greater than two pairs from 1983 to 2008 (Zembel et al. 2008 & Kershner pers. comm. 2009). From 1980 to 1989 seven estuaries/marshes were surveyed on Base: San Mateo Creek Mouth, Las Pulgas Canyon Mouth, Las Flores Marsh, French Canyon Mouth, Cocklebur Canyon Mouth, Santa Margarita Lagoon, and San Luis Rey River Mouth (Zembel et al. 2008). From 1990 to 2007 five estuaries/marshes were surveyed on Base: San Mateo Creek Mouth, Las Flores Marsh, Cocklebur Canyon Mouth, Santa Margarita Lagoon, and San Luis Rey River Mouth (Zembel et al. 2008). For detailed information on the light-footed clapper rail and its management on Base, see Appendix F, Section F.10. 3.2.4.7. Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) FIGURE 3-17. The southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) measures about 5.75 inches in length and weighs only about 0.4 ounces. Overall, it is roughly the size of a small sparrow. Both sexes look alike. The flycatcher’s appearance is overall greenish or brownish gray above, with a white throat that contrasts with a pale olive breast. The belly is pale yellow. Two white wing bars are visible, but the eye ring is faint or absent. The upper mandible is dark and the lower mandible light. The southwestern willow flycatcher inhabits riparian areas along rivers, streams, and other wetlands. It nests in typically evenaged, structurally homogeneous, dense stands of trees and shrubs approximately 13-23 feet tall with a high percentage of canopy cover and dense foliage from 0-13 feet above the ground (Brown 1988; Sedgewick & Knopf 1992). The southwestern willow flycatcher is a neotropical migrant. The Special Management Season of the southwestern willow flycatcher extends from 15 March through 31 August. Factors contributing to the decline of the southwestern willow flycatcher are attributed to loss and degradation of nesting habitat, nest parasitism by cowbirds and human disturbance. Management Status SOUTHWESTERN WILLOW FLYCATCHER (PHOTO SOURCE: USGS) Federal Status The southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) was federally listed as an endangered species by the USFWS on 27 February 1995 (USFWS 1995c). On 22 July 1997, the USFWS designated critical habitat for this species (USFWS 1997a), but was later remanded and vacated. A second proposal for the designation of critical habitat has been 3-48 Chapter 3 – Natural Resources
Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan [March 2012 - Update] issued, and a final rule published 19 October 2005 (USFWS 2005c). The USFWS exempted lands owned by Camp Pendleton from the final critical habitat designation pursuant to Section 4(a)(3) of the ESA based on a legally operative INRMP that provides a benefit to the southwestern willow flycatcher. A recovery plan is available (USFWS 2002a). The flycatcher is protected by the MBTA. California Status The CDFG listed the southwestern willow flycatcher as endangered, fully protected on 2 January 1991 (CDFG 2005). Regional Status The southwestern willow flycatcher is a covered species in the following southern California NCCP documents: FIGURE 3-18. SOUTHWESTERN WILLOW FLYCATCHER LOCATIONS • Orange County Southern Subregion NCCP/HCP. • SDG&E. • Western Riverside MSHCP. • California Department of Corrections Statewide Electrified Fence Project. • Coachella Valley Multi- Species HCP. • Fieldstone/La Costa & City of Carlsbad. • Kern Water Bank. • Lake Mathews. • MHCP, City of Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan. • MSCP, City of Chula Vista Subarea Plan. • MSCP, City of La Mesa Subarea Plan. • MSCP, City of Poway Subarea Plan. • MSCP, City of San Diego Subarea Plan. • MSCP, County of San Diego Subarea Plan. • Orange County Central/Coastal NCCP/HCP. The southwestern willow flycatcher is also a covered species in North American Landbird Conservation Plan (Rich et al. 2004). Chapter 3 – Natural Resources 3-49
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Chapter 3 - Natural Resources - Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton

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