poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering

IMPORTANCE OF DRY GEAR MASS CULTURE OF SUNFLOWER
INCORPORATED INTO THE SOIL
ROSA H. AGUIAR 1,2* ; DURVAL R. P. JUNIOR 1 ; ARTUR B. O. ROCHA 1,2
1 Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp)/ Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola (Feagri)
– Av. Marechal Candido Rondon, n.501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo State,
postcode: 13083-875, Brazil.
2 PhD student in agriculture engineering
* Corresponding author : rosahel@feagri.unicamp.br
ABSTRACT
Cover plants, incorporated or not the soil as green manure intercropped with crop practices
is aimed at the sustainability of agricultural soil, in order to reduce erosion and restore
physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil from the incorporation of dry mass.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of dry matter and yield
performance of sunflower grown using treated sewage by/for two reactors, Compartmented
Anaerobic Reactor (RAC) and the Upflow Anaerobic Upflow Sludge Blanket and (Upflow
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket - UASB). Assessments began at 21 days after emergence to the
collection of leaves at regular intervals of 15 days, then dried and weighed to determine dry
matter. The accumulation of dry matter of leaf followed a parabolic trend over the
development of plants, with accumulation (15 g), 75 days after emergence. After this period,
there is a decrease because of senescence. This is due to the strong mobilizing capacity of
assimilates exerted by the chapter that metabolic drains are in constant development by the
end of the cycle.
Keywords: dry matter, reactor, sewage treated.
1. INTRODUCTION
The sunflower is a plant that presents important agronomic characteristics such as
resistance to drought, cold and heat that most species grown in Brazil. Adaptability to
different climatic conditions present and your income is little influenced by the photoperiod.
Thanks to these characteristics, presents itself as an option in the systems of rotation and
succession of cultures in grain-producing regions (Aeasa, 2008).The organic matter of the
soil is an important factor in agricultural productivity and one of the ways to increase or
preserve the organic matter content is the practice of green fertilization. Legumes are plants
used in green fertilization primarily by incorporate large amounts of N the ground, through
biological fixation of atmospheric N2 and make vigorous root system and branched. Physical
properties also influences, chemical and biological properties of soil, structuring and
stabilizing the soil particles, increasing the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur
through the process of digestion, increases water holding capacity, favouring the growth of
plant roots and consequently the whole plant. The basis of this analysis is based on the fact
that, on average, 90% of accumulated organic matter over plant growth resulting from
photosynthetic activity and the rest of the absorption of minerals from the soil.Through
sequential measures, quantifies the plant dry matter, thereby providing a basis for assessing
the contribution of various bodies in total growth (Lessa et al., 2008). The goal of this work
was to evaluate the mass of dry matter accumulation of sewage treated by sunflower planted
using two Anaerobic Reactor, reactor Chambered (RAC) and bottom-up flow Anaerobic
Reactor and sludge Blanket (UASB Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ).