poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering
poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering
concentration (F4), the E.urophylla showed the lesser transpiration followed by E. grandis x E. urophylla and E. grandis. Teixeira et al. (1995) also found differences between species, whereas the highest content of potassium in the nutrient solution increased the efficiency of water use more acutely in E. citriodora and E. camaldulensis. These species, when fertilized with low potassium content, were less efficient than E. tereticornis, E. saligna, E. urophylla and E. grandis. However, when fertilized with the highest dose of potassium they were more efficient. Therefore, for E. citriodora and E. camaldulensis higher doses of K are needed so that these species may have more efficient use of water. E. saligna presented a contrary behavior, as increased sweating when observed when applied with larger doses of potassium. Considering the mean values for each species, it appears that the three species were very similar with 9.1, 9.1 and 9.2 mg m -2 s -1 , respectively for E. grandis, and E.urophylla and E.grandis x E.urophylla. Silva et al. (2004) observed that for the seedlings of E. grandis subjected to high water stress (water potential of -1.5 MPa in the substrate), potassium had little effect in reducing transpiration. Whereas in the seedlings without stress (water potential of -0.01 MPa in the substrate) potassium was important to reduce water loss. Therefore, the impossibility of applying water stress to the plant, potassium is crucial for hardening. Teixeira et al. (2008) found that K deficient plants showed high transpiration and stomatal conductance and, in general, the maintenance of the open stomata plants that did not receive the K (thus allowing high exchange with the atmosphere of CO 2 ) was not sufficient to increase the photosynthesis. Table 2. Transpiration (mg m -2 s -1 ) of Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla e E.grandis x. E.urophylla (E. urograndis) seedlings at final production process in the summer. Treatments Species E. grandis E.urophylla E. urograndis CV(%) F1 7.93 a B 9.20 aB 7.70 aC 15.5 F2 8.59 bB 11.40 aA 10.10 abAB 15.1 F3 10.41 aA 8.12 bB 10.61 aA 14.0 F4 9.44 aAB 7.80 bB 8.39 abBC 12.1 C.V. (%) 14.4 13.0 17.8 - Means followed by same lowercase letters in the same row and uppercase letters in the same column do not differ by the Tukey Test at the 5% level of significance, CV = coefficient of variation, F1, F2, F3 and F6: fertigation one, two, three and six times a week, respectively. 4. Conclusions It can be concluded that for each type of Eucalyptus there is a need to differentiate fertigation management in order to obtain more hardened seedlings. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), a Brazilian Government Agencies. References
Cool, J. B., Rodrigo, G. N., García, B. S., Tamés, R. S. (1992). Relaciones hídricas y nutrición. In: _. Fisiología Vegetal. 6.ed. (pp.59-167). Madrid: Ediciones Pirámide. Coopman, R.E. et al. (2008). Changes in morpho-physiological attributes of Eucalyptus globulus plants in response to different drought hardening treatments. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 11, 1-10. D’avila, F.S., et.al. (2001). Effect of potassium on the hardening phase of clonal seedlings of eucalypt. Revista Árvore, 35, 13-19. Higashi, E. N. & Silveira, R. L. A. Fertigation in nurseries of seedlings Eucalyptus and Pinus. In: Boaretto, A. E.; Villas-Boas, R. L.; Souza, W. F. & Parras, L. R. V. (Eds.) 1ed. Fertirrigação: teoria e prática.(pp. 677-725), Piracicaba : CD-ROM. Inoue, M.T. & Ribeiro, F.A. (1988). Photosynthesis and transpiration of clones of Eucalyptus grandis and E. saligna. Revista do IPEF, 40, p.15-20. Lima, W. P. (1995). Impactos da cultura do eucalipto. Revista Silvicultura, 64, 32-38. Malavolta, E., Vitti, G.C. & Oliveira, S.A. (1997) Avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas: princípios e aplicações. 2.ed. Potafós: Piracicaba (pp.55-105). Marschner, H. Functions of mineral nutrients: macronutrients. In: _. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2.ed. US: Academic Press: San Diego –, 1995. p.229-312. Silva, M. R. (1998). Characterization morphological, physiological and nutritional of seedlings Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex.Maiden submitted to different levels of water stress during the hardening. Dissertation (Master of Forestry) - Division of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, 105p. Silva, M. R. (2003). Effects of water management and potassium application on the quality of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis W. (Hill ex. Maiden). Thesis (Doutorado em Agronomia / Irrigação e Drenagem) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, 100p. Silva, M. R.; Klar, A.E. & Passos, J.R. (2004). Effects of water management and potassium application on the morphophysiological characteristics of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis W. (Hill ex. Maiden). Revista Irriga, 9, 31-40. Silveira, R.L.V.A. & Malavolta, E. (2000). Nutrição e adubação potássica em Eucalyptus. Potafos: Piracicaba. 12 p. (Informações Agronômicas, 91). Silveira, R.L.V.A., Higashi, E.N., Sgarbi, F.& Muniz, M.R.A. (2001). Seja o doutor do seu eucalipto. Potafos: Piracicaba. 32p. (Arquivo do Agrônomo, 12). Teixeira, P.C.; Leal, P.G.L., Barros, N.F. & Novais R.F. (1995). Nutrición potásica y relaciones hídricas en plantas de Eucalyptus spp. Bosque,16, 61-68.
- Page 1 and 2: POSTER SW: SOIL AND WATER ENGINEERI
- Page 3 and 4: Presenter: Jose Euclides Paterniani
- Page 5 and 6: 1 Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
- Page 7 and 8: Matsura Department of hydraulic and
- Page 9 and 10: P-2064 MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL OF
- Page 11 and 12: temperature-based (e.g., Thornthwai
- Page 13 and 14: two types of reference surfaces rep
- Page 15 and 16: (d) Baft (c) Bam (b) Kerma n (a) Ji
- Page 17 and 18: Estevez, J., Gavilan, P., & Berenge
- Page 19 and 20: 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 The hy
- Page 21 and 22: Ia = n × v ec Equation 3 which: Ia
- Page 23 and 24: 5. References ALLEN, R.G.; PEREIRA,
- Page 25 and 26: The density analysis was performed
- Page 27 and 28: Figure1 - Relationship between the
- Page 29 and 30: 4 Conclusions • The density obtai
- Page 31 and 32: characteristics resulting from of g
- Page 33 and 34: Table1. Morphological characteristi
- Page 35 and 36: Transpiration of Eucalyptus spp see
- Page 37: The fertilization growth and harden
- Page 41 and 42: Abstract Agriculture and water sour
- Page 43 and 44: In 1985 and 1986 hygienic protectio
- Page 45 and 46: spring area. It is also prohibited
- Page 47 and 48: Biological Nitrogen Fixation In Gen
- Page 49 and 50: We used a completely randomized in
- Page 51 and 52: 5. References AYERS, R.S.; WESTCOT,
- Page 53 and 54: 2 However, the cultures are not alw
- Page 55 and 56: 4 TABEL 2: Mean values of radiation
- Page 57 and 58: accumulated ETo (mm dia -1 ) 6 900
- Page 59 and 60: only the expansion of agricultural
- Page 61 and 62: FIGURE 2: Content of chlorophyll a,
- Page 63 and 64: Evapotranspiration and Crop Coeffic
- Page 65 and 66: were respectively applied in the fi
- Page 67 and 68: TABLE 1: Irrigation depth and actua
- Page 69 and 70: NUTRIENT RETENTION IN WETLANDS USIN
- Page 71 and 72: Table 2. Daily affluent concentrati
- Page 73 and 74: IMPORTANCE OF DRY GEAR MASS CULTURE
- Page 75 and 76: mobilizing assimilated exerted by c
- Page 77 and 78: This method consists of covering th
- Page 79 and 80: uncovered ones, that mixed the wate
- Page 81 and 82: coliforms and E-coli that might hav
- Page 83 and 84: WATER TREATMENT BY COAGULATION WITH
- Page 85 and 86: in a grinder and passed through a 0
- Page 87 and 88: 3.2. Determination of the required
Cool, J. B., Rodrigo, G. N., García, B. S., Tamés, R. S. (1992). Relaciones hídricas y<br />
nutrición. In: _. Fisiología Vegetal. 6.ed. (pp.59-167). Madrid: Ediciones Pirámide.<br />
Coopman, R.E. et al. (2008). Changes in morpho-physiological attributes <strong>of</strong> Eucalyptus<br />
globulus plants in response to different drought hardening treatments. Electronic Journal <strong>of</strong><br />
Biotechnology, 11, 1-10.<br />
D’avila, F.S., et.al. (2001). Effect <strong>of</strong> potassium on the hardening phase <strong>of</strong> clonal seedlings <strong>of</strong><br />
eucalypt. Revista Árvore, 35, 13-19.<br />
Higashi, E. N. & Silveira, R. L. A. Fertigation in nurseries <strong>of</strong> seedlings Eucalyptus and Pinus.<br />
In: Boaretto, A. E.; Villas-Boas, R. L.; Souza, W. F. & Parras, L. R. V. (Eds.) 1ed.<br />
Fertirrigação: teoria e prática.(pp. 677-725), Piracicaba : CD-ROM.<br />
Inoue, M.T. & Ribeiro, F.A. (1988). Photosynthesis and transpiration <strong>of</strong> clones <strong>of</strong> Eucalyptus<br />
grandis and E. saligna. Revista do IPEF, 40, p.15-20.<br />
Lima, W. P. (1995). Impactos da cultura do eucalipto. Revista Silvicultura, 64, 32-38.<br />
Malavolta, E., Vitti, G.C. & Oliveira, S.A. (1997) Avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas:<br />
princípios e aplicações. 2.ed. Potafós: Piracicaba (pp.55-105).<br />
Marschner, H. Functions <strong>of</strong> mineral nutrients: macronutrients. In: _. Mineral nutrition <strong>of</strong><br />
higher plants. 2.ed. US: Academic Press: San Diego –, 1995. p.229-312.<br />
Silva, M. R. (1998). Characterization morphological, physiological and nutritional <strong>of</strong> seedlings<br />
Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex.Maiden submitted to different levels <strong>of</strong> water stress during the<br />
hardening. Dissertation (Master <strong>of</strong> Forestry) - Division <strong>of</strong> <strong>Agricultural</strong> Sciences, Federal<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Parana, Curitiba, 105p.<br />
Silva, M. R. (2003). Effects <strong>of</strong> water management and potassium application on the quality <strong>of</strong><br />
seedlings <strong>of</strong> Eucalyptus grandis W. (Hill ex. Maiden). Thesis (Doutorado em Agronomia /<br />
Irrigação e Drenagem) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, 100p.<br />
Silva, M. R.; Klar, A.E. & Passos, J.R. (2004). Effects <strong>of</strong> water management and potassium<br />
application on the morphophysiological characteristics <strong>of</strong> seedlings <strong>of</strong> Eucalyptus grandis W.<br />
(Hill ex. Maiden). Revista Irriga, 9, 31-40.<br />
Silveira, R.L.V.A. & Malavolta, E. (2000). Nutrição e adubação potássica em Eucalyptus.<br />
Potafos: Piracicaba. 12 p. (Informações Agronômicas, 91).<br />
Silveira, R.L.V.A., Higashi, E.N., Sgarbi, F.& Muniz, M.R.A. (2001). Seja o doutor do seu<br />
eucalipto. Potafos: Piracicaba. 32p. (Arquivo do Agrônomo, 12).<br />
Teixeira, P.C.; Leal, P.G.L., Barros, N.F. & Novais R.F. (1995). Nutrición potásica y<br />
relaciones hídricas en plantas de Eucalyptus spp. Bosque,16, 61-68.
Change language