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poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering

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Accumulation <strong>of</strong> the chloride and sodium in precocious dwarf<br />

cashew irrigated with saline water during the fruiting stage<br />

Arlington R. R. de Oliveira 1 *, Ronaldo Nascimento 2 , Maiene de F. C. Queiroga 3 ,<br />

Hugo O. C. Guerra 4<br />

1 Arlington Ricardo Ribeiro de Oliveira, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Bodocongó<br />

Campus I - UFCG - Bloco CM - 1º. Andar - CEP 58429-140 - Campina Grande, PB – Brasil<br />

2 Ronaldo Nascimento, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Bodocongó<br />

Campus I - UFCG - Bloco CM - 1º. Andar - CEP 58429-140 - Campina Grande, PB – Brasil<br />

3 Maiene de Fátima Cordeiro Queiroga, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Bodocongó<br />

Campus I - UFCG - Bloco CM - 1º. Andar - CEP 58429-140 - Campina Grande, PB – Brasil<br />

Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Bodocongó<br />

Campus I - UFCG - Bloco CM - 1º. Andar - CEP 58429-140 - Campina Grande, PB – Brasil<br />

* Autor para correspondência. E-mail: ricardo75jp@hotmail.com<br />

ABSTRACT - The cultivation <strong>of</strong> cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an activity <strong>of</strong><br />

great economic and social importance for the Brazilian Northeast region, because it <strong>of</strong>fers<br />

income for low resources families. The use <strong>of</strong> irrigation with low water quality has caused<br />

salinization problems in semi-arid areas, especially in the Brazilian Northeast. The aim <strong>of</strong><br />

this study was to evaluate the effects <strong>of</strong> irrigation water salinity on the sodium and chloride<br />

concentrations in the dwarf cashew plant CCP76 clone during the fructification phase.<br />

Key words: Salinity, irrigation, agriculture, fruit production.<br />

1. Introduction<br />

The cashew tree plant, botanically classified as Anacardium occidentale L., belongs to the<br />

Anacardiaceae family, belong to this family about 60 to 70 genera and 400-600 species and<br />

genetic types <strong>of</strong> the most popular stand the cashew tree and dwarf cashew tree(Lima, 1988).<br />

The cultivation <strong>of</strong> cashew tree is an activity <strong>of</strong> greater economic and social importance for<br />

the Brazilian Northeast. The exploration <strong>of</strong> the cashew fruit became even greater after<br />

obtaining genetic materials and improved use <strong>of</strong> irrigation, however, the inappropriate use <strong>of</strong><br />

irrigation in semi-arid areas, which predominate in northeastern Brazil, has been a factor<br />

causing the salinization <strong>of</strong> soils (Audry & Suassuna, 1995). Salt stress, as Izzo et al. (1991),<br />

represents one <strong>of</strong> the most serious limiting factor <strong>of</strong> growth and production cultures induced<br />

morphological changes, metabolic structural and higher plants. Maas and H<strong>of</strong>fmann (1977)<br />

and Maas (1986), however, report the existence <strong>of</strong> a great variability <strong>of</strong> behavior across<br />

cultures in relation to salinity tolerance limits, and within the same species, there may be<br />

variations between genotypes and also for the same genotype, the tolerance level may vary<br />

between stages <strong>of</strong> development. Despite knowledge <strong>of</strong> the harmful effects <strong>of</strong> salinity on fruit<br />

and socioeconomic relevance <strong>of</strong> the cashew crop for the Northeast, few research works<br />

were carried out with cashew (Meireles, 1999, Ferreira et al., 2000; Viégas et al., 2001,<br />

Carneiro et al., 2002, Carneiro et al., 2004), all investigating the effects <strong>of</strong> salinity on the<br />

formation <strong>of</strong> rootstocks, only two studies were found (Meireles, 1999; Bezerra et al., 2002)<br />

covering the phase <strong>of</strong> the grafting cashew, but restricted to the formation <strong>of</strong> grafted<br />

seedlings. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects <strong>of</strong> saline irrigation water on the<br />

content <strong>of</strong> sodium chloride in the plant parts <strong>of</strong> the dwarf cashew tree CCP76 clone <strong>of</strong> during<br />

the fruiting phase.

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