poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering
poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering poster - International Conference of Agricultural Engineering
Figure 2. Average sediment discharge and reduction rate with respect to slope and mulch Table 2. Analysis of water balance Experimental treatment SSPG SCPG SPG Control 10% 20% 10% 20% 10% 20% 10% 20% Precipitation (%) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 The rate of surface runoff (%) 21.0 31.7 1.1 16.2 16.5 27.6 80.6 82.7 The rate of groundwater discharge (%) The rate of retention in soil (%) 66.1 60.2 91.4 75.4 73.2 64.1 8.5 8.1 12.9 8.1 7.5 8.4 10.3 8.3 10.9 9.2 4. Conclusions Effect of mulch material made of rice straw mat, PAM, sawdust, rice chaff, and phosphogypsum on runoff and sediment discharge was experimentally studies under laboratory scale with rainfall simulation. Small soil boxes filled with a soil similar to the highland fields were set up 10 and 20% slops and rainfall simulation of 30 mm/h were carried out. Runoff and sediment discharge were significantly reduced from mulched boxes. Reduction of runoff from mulched boxes ranged 72.0~85.6% compared to that of control ones. Sediment discharge also significantly reduced by up to 98.3 to 98.8% depending on slope. Subsurface runoff from mulched boxes increased between 60.2~75.4% compared to control boxes. It was concluded that the mulch materials used in this study could contribute to reduce muddy runoff and sediment discharges from highland fields and to improve water quality in rivers and dam lakes in Korea. However, it was suggested that field application tests need to be performed before the results are used as a best management practices. Acknowledgements: This research was supported by the Ecostar Project (Project #. II-7-6) of the Ministry of Environment and authors appreciate the generous support. References
Choi, J. D., (1997). Effect of Rural Watershed Management on the Discharge of NPS Pollutants to Streams. Inst. of Rural Dev., Kangwon Nat’l Univ., 1(1), 91-107. Choi, J. D., Jang, S. O., Choi, B. Y., and Lyou, S. H., (2000). Monitoring Study on Groundwater Quality of an Alluvial Plane in the North Han River Basin. Journal of the KSWQ, 16(3), 283-294. Choi. Y. B., Choi, B. S., Kim, S. W., Lee, S. S., & Ok, Y. S., (2010). Effects of Polyacrylamide and Biopolymer on Soil Erosion and Crop Productivity in Sloping Uplands: A Field Experiment. Journal of KSEE, 32(11), 1024-1029. Flanagan, D. C., Norton, L. D., & Shainberg, I., (1997). Effect of water chemistry and soil amendments on a silt loam soil-Part I. Infiltration and Runoff. Transactions of the ASABE, 40, 1549-1554. Jian Y., Lei, T., Shainberg, I., Mamedov, A. I., & Levy, G. J., (2003). Infiltration and Erosion in Soils Treated with Dry PAM and Gypsum. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67, 630-636. Lee, S. S., Gantzer, C. J., Thompson, A. L., & Anderson, S. H., (2010). Polyacrylamide and gypsum amendments for erosion and runoff control on two soil series. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 65(4), 233- 242 Lee, Y. S., Joung, H. S., and Joung, H. I., (2001). The Engineering and Environmental Properties for Utilization of Phosphogypsum as Embankment Materials. Korean Geotechnical Society ,17(4), 331-339. McElhiney, M., & Osterli, P., (1996). An integrated approach for water quality: The PAM connection-West Stanislaus HUA. CA. 27-30. In Sojka, R. E., & Lentz, R. D., (Eds.) Proc.: Managing irrigation induced erosion and infiltration with polyacrylamide. College of Southern Idaho, Twin Falls, ID. 6-8 May 1996. University of Idaho Misc. Publ. No 101-96. University of Idaho, Twin Falls, ID. Sharpley, A. N., & Halvorson, A. D., (1994). The Management of Soil Phosphorous Availability and its Impact on Surface Water Quality. In Lal, R., & Steward, B. A., (Eds.), Soil Processes and Water Quality. Advance in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers. Shin, M. H., Won, C. H., Choi, Y. H., Seo, J. Y., Lee, J. W., Lim, K. J., & Choi, J. D., (2009). Simulaion of field soil loss by artificial rainfall simulator-by varing rainfall intensity, surface condition and slope. Journal of Korean Society on Water Quality, 25(5), 785-791. Won, C. H., Shin, M. H., Choi, Y. H., Shin, J. Y., Park, W. J., & Choi, J. D., (2011). Applications of surface cover materials for reduction of soil erosion. Journal of Korean Society on Water Quality, 27(6), 848-854.
- Page 109 and 110: 3. Results and Discussion The value
- Page 111 and 112: espectively, compared to that obser
- Page 113 and 114: Optimal Reservoir Operation Model w
- Page 115 and 116: all periods are computed using Eq.
- Page 117 and 118: (a) Calibration (b) Verification Fi
- Page 119 and 120: Characteristics of Heavy Metal Cont
- Page 121 and 122: 2. Materials and Method 2.1. Study
- Page 123 and 124: TABLE 2: Devices for collecting of
- Page 125 and 126: Calibration of Hargreaves Equation
- Page 127 and 128: Relative error (RE): Index of agree
- Page 129 and 130: Stochastic modelling of Contaminant
- Page 131 and 132: widely used for various fields such
- Page 133 and 134: show that Extvalue and Logistic dis
- Page 135 and 136: Efficiency of water and energy use
- Page 137 and 138: Pressure: it was obtained by means
- Page 139 and 140: them cover similar percentages. Dur
- Page 141 and 142: Relationship among compaction, mois
- Page 143 and 144: Cylindrical containers (191mm diame
- Page 145 and 146: Figure 9 High compaction. Bulk dens
- Page 147 and 148: Simulation of water flow with root
- Page 149 and 150: water contents were almost greater
- Page 151 and 152: Operation and Energy Optimization M
- Page 153 and 154: Urmia Salt Lake Urmia FIGURE 1: Gha
- Page 155 and 156: changes have been done in system. F
- Page 157 and 158: Application of Surface Cover and So
- Page 159: significantly lower than those from
- Page 163 and 164: 1.1. Scope and aim The growth of th
- Page 165 and 166: Therefore, the remaining works are
- Page 167 and 168: network makes such volumes unaccept
- Page 169 and 170: Reclaimed wastewater reuse has been
- Page 171 and 172: Fig. 2 shows the monitoring results
- Page 173 and 174: 3. Conclusions Reclaimed wastewater
- Page 175 and 176: Q P Ia 2 P Ia S for P≥Ia Q 0
- Page 177 and 178: data P (mm), gauged in 130 pluviogr
- Page 179 and 180: TABLE 2: CN emp values obtained for
- Page 181 and 182: References Chapman, T. G. & Maxwell
- Page 183 and 184: This work, after applying Kennessey
- Page 185 and 186: TABLE 2 - Partial runoff coefficien
- Page 187 and 188: Figure 3 also reports a comparison
- Page 189 and 190: 2. Material and Methods The experim
- Page 191 and 192: TABLE 2: Summary of variance analys
- Page 193 and 194: BEZERRA, I. L.; GHEYI, H. R.; FERNA
- Page 195 and 196: 2. Materials and Methods The study
- Page 197 and 198: Figure 3. Hourly values of ET estim
- Page 199 and 200: Ortega-Farias, S.O., Cuenca, R.H.,
- Page 201 and 202: 2 Material end methods The wastewat
- Page 203 and 204: Queiroz et al. (2004) and (Fonseca
- Page 205 and 206: Reference list CEREDA, M.P. (2001)
- Page 207 and 208: 2. Data and Methods 2.1. Methods Ir
- Page 209 and 210: 3. Results The water balance model
Choi, J. D., (1997). Effect <strong>of</strong> Rural Watershed Management on the Discharge <strong>of</strong> NPS<br />
Pollutants to Streams. Inst. <strong>of</strong> Rural Dev., Kangwon Nat’l Univ., 1(1), 91-107.<br />
Choi, J. D., Jang, S. O., Choi, B. Y., and Lyou, S. H., (2000). Monitoring Study on<br />
Groundwater Quality <strong>of</strong> an Alluvial Plane in the North Han River Basin. Journal <strong>of</strong> the KSWQ,<br />
16(3), 283-294.<br />
Choi. Y. B., Choi, B. S., Kim, S. W., Lee, S. S., & Ok, Y. S., (2010). Effects <strong>of</strong> Polyacrylamide<br />
and Biopolymer on Soil Erosion and Crop Productivity in Sloping Uplands: A Field<br />
Experiment. Journal <strong>of</strong> KSEE, 32(11), 1024-1029.<br />
Flanagan, D. C., Norton, L. D., & Shainberg, I., (1997). Effect <strong>of</strong> water chemistry and soil<br />
amendments on a silt loam soil-Part I. Infiltration and Run<strong>of</strong>f. Transactions <strong>of</strong> the ASABE, 40,<br />
1549-1554.<br />
Jian Y., Lei, T., Shainberg, I., Mamedov, A. I., & Levy, G. J., (2003). Infiltration and Erosion in<br />
Soils Treated with Dry PAM and Gypsum. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67, 630-636.<br />
Lee, S. S., Gantzer, C. J., Thompson, A. L., & Anderson, S. H., (2010). Polyacrylamide and<br />
gypsum amendments for erosion and run<strong>of</strong>f control on two soil series. Journal <strong>of</strong> Soil and<br />
Water Conservation, 65(4), 233- 242<br />
Lee, Y. S., Joung, H. S., and Joung, H. I., (2001). The <strong>Engineering</strong> and Environmental<br />
Properties for Utilization <strong>of</strong> Phosphogypsum as Embankment Materials. Korean Geotechnical<br />
Society ,17(4), 331-339.<br />
McElhiney, M., & Osterli, P., (1996). An integrated approach for water quality: The PAM<br />
connection-West Stanislaus HUA. CA. 27-30. In Sojka, R. E., & Lentz, R. D., (Eds.) Proc.:<br />
Managing irrigation induced erosion and infiltration with polyacrylamide. College <strong>of</strong> Southern<br />
Idaho, Twin Falls, ID. 6-8 May 1996. University <strong>of</strong> Idaho Misc. Publ. No 101-96. University <strong>of</strong><br />
Idaho, Twin Falls, ID.<br />
Sharpley, A. N., & Halvorson, A. D., (1994). The Management <strong>of</strong> Soil Phosphorous<br />
Availability and its Impact on Surface Water Quality. In Lal, R., & Steward, B. A., (Eds.), Soil<br />
Processes and Water Quality. Advance in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.<br />
Shin, M. H., Won, C. H., Choi, Y. H., Seo, J. Y., Lee, J. W., Lim, K. J., & Choi, J. D., (2009).<br />
Simulaion <strong>of</strong> field soil loss by artificial rainfall simulator-by varing rainfall intensity, surface<br />
condition and slope. Journal <strong>of</strong> Korean Society on Water Quality, 25(5), 785-791.<br />
Won, C. H., Shin, M. H., Choi, Y. H., Shin, J. Y., Park, W. J., & Choi, J. D., (2011).<br />
Applications <strong>of</strong> surface cover materials for reduction <strong>of</strong> soil erosion. Journal <strong>of</strong> Korean<br />
Society on Water Quality, 27(6), 848-854.
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