Untitled

第 2 卷第 4 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

目 

录 

2006 年 12 月 

古生物学 

综论 ………………………(1) 

遗迹化石 …………………(4) 

分子古生物学 ……………(14) 

古生态学 …………………(15) 

微体古生物学 

综论 ………………………(28) 

孢粉 ………………………(30) 

疑源类 ……………………(40) 

牙形石 ……………………(41) 

小壳化石 …………………(44) 

古植物学 

综论 ………………………(45) 

藻类 ………………………(46) 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 )………(49) 

裸子植物 …………………(49) 

被子植物 …………………(50) 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(50) 

原生动物 …………………(51) 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 …(67) 

苔藓动物 …………………(70) 

腕足动物 …………………(71) 

软体动物 …………………(75) 

节肢动物 …………………(76) 

棘皮动物 …………………(82) 

笔石动物 …………………(82) 

分类位置不明 ……………(83) 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(83) 

鱼类 ………………………(87) 

两栖类 ……………………(92) 

爬行类 ……………………(94) 

鸟类 ………………………(111) 

哺乳类 ……………………(114) 

古人类学 

古人类学 …………………(131) 

历史地质学、地层学 

古地理学、古气候学 ……(136) 

前古生界 …………………(136) 

古生界 ……………………(140) 

中生界 ……………………(141) 

新生界 ……………………(149) 

1

第 2 卷第 4 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

2006 年 12 月 

古生物学 

综论 

2006040001 

地层古生物研究辅助绘图软件 

StratDraw1.0 = New drawing program for 

palaeontological and stratigraphical research: 

StratDraw 1.0. ( 中文 ). 樊隽轩 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(1): 141-152 

为了减少绘制化石延限图的误差和工作 

量 , 设计了 StratDraw1.0, 自动对化石延限 

资料进行汇总 , 并借助于专业矢量绘图软件 

CorelDraw, 自动生成初始延限图。在此基础 

上 , 可利用 CorelDraw 做各种编辑和修饰 , 

获得可直接出版的化石延限图。该软件也可 

根据用户的选择对化石种级、属级或更高分 

类单元的地质延限进行自动绘制 , 借助于这 

一功能 , 用户可以直观地进行生物宏演化方 

面的数据统计。 

2006040002 

加拿大新斯科舍 Joggins 地区经典的宾夕法 

尼亚系剖面独特陆相动物组合的发现 = On 

the discovery of a unique terrestrial faunal assemblage 

in the classic Pennsylvanian section at 

Joggins, Nova Scotia. ( 英文 ). Hebert B L; Calder 

J H. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2004, 41(3): 247-254 

A rich fossil assemblage discovered from the 

classic Pennsylvanian locality of Joggins, Nova 

Scotia, is here described for the first time. The 2 

m-thick Hebert sandstone, within the lower Joggins 

Formation of early Langsettian age, is the 

most productive stratum at Joggins of terrestrial 

tetrapods and the pulmonate gastropod Dendropupa 

vetusta exclusive of the historic fossil forest 

locality of Dawson and Lyell, and the most 

productive Pennsylvanian locality in the world 

of the large unionoid bivalve genus Archanodon. 

Although the land snail-archanodontid bivalvetetrapod 

assemblage of the Hebert Sandstone 

comprises a unique late Paleozoic terrestrial dryland 

biota, individual taxa were not endemic to 

drylands alone. 

2006040003 

阿根廷门多萨高科迪勒拉马斯特里赫特阶 

Saldeno 组古生物学 = Paleontology of the Saldeno 

Formation (Maastrichtian), High Cordillera 

of Mendoza, Argentina. ( 其他 ). Tunik M A; 

Concheyro A; Ottone E G; Aguirre-Urreta B. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(2): 143-160 

The carbonatic and silicoclastic Saldeno Formation 

crops-out in the High Andes of Mendoza, 

about 33degrees 33' - 34degrees 25' S lat., near 

the border with Chile. Crustaceans, fishes, gastropods, 

ostracods and pelecypods are mentioned 

in the formation for the first time. These fossils 

provide information that enables a better interpretation 

of depositational environments in the 

High Andes during the Late Cretaceous. The low 

diversity of the fossil content is related to restricted 

marine conditions. On the basis of the 

presence of the pollen grains Equisetosporites 

notensis (Cookson) Romero (first occurence 

during the Maastrichtian) and Periporopollenites 

sp. cf. P. polyoratus (Harris) Stover (Campanian-early 

Oligocene), together with the calcareous 

nannofossil Arkhangelskiella cymbiformis 

Vekshina (Campanian-Maastrichtian), the 

Saldeno Formation is referred to the Maastrichtian. 

2006040004 

阿根廷拉里奥哈上圣尼古拉斯上中新统 

Desencuentro 组古环境分析与古生物记录 = 

Paleoenvironmental analysis and paleontological 

record of the desencuentro formation (Upper 

Miocene), Alto De San Nicolas, La Rioja, Argentina. 

( 法文 ). Georgieff S M; Herbst R; 

Esteban G I; Nasif N. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(1): 

45-56 

The Alto de San Nicolas is a topographic high 

south of the Campo de Talampaya depression, 

where extensive Neogene rocks crop out 

(52degrees / 18-6degrees). The Desencuentro 

Formation belongs to the upper section of the 

Alto de San Nicolas Group and has been recognized 

by satellite images and field control. A 

section of 1104 m has been surveyed and bivalves, 

ostracods, charophytes, wood, and vertebrates 

not previously mentioned have been recorded. 

Part of them are very close to a notorious 

tuff layer dated 7.4 +/- 0.9 My. This continental 

sequence corresponds, from base to top, 

to an alluvial braided plain and aeolian fine 

sandstones (paleowind from NE), which becomes 

a sandy braided fluvial system (paleocurrent 

directions toward NE), followed by a sandysilty 

fluvial plain that culminates with shallow 

lake deposits with invertebrates and charophytes. 

These deposits are covered by sandy braided 

river deposits (paleocurrents to the NW). The 

fossil fauna and flora together with the sedimen- 

1

tological information indicate general temperate 

to warm climatic conditions with marked seasonality. 

2006040005 

分类学与化石 : 对 “21 世纪分类学 ” 这一关 

键命题 19 个专门讨论之一的评价 = Taxonomy 

and fossils: a critical appraisal One contribution 

of 19 to a Theme Issue 'Taxonomy for the 

twenty-first century'. ( 英文 ). Peter L. Forey P L; 

Fortey R A; Kenrick P; Smith A B. Philosophical 

Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2004, 359(1450): 639 - 653 

Many compendia at the species, genus and 

family levels document the fossil record, but 

these are not standardized, nor usually critical in 

content, and few are available on the World 

Wide Web. The sampling of the available record 

is good for organisms with fossilizable parts, but 

preservational constraints on the entire morphology, 

life history and geographical distribution 

lead to difficulties in recognizing and naming 

species. We recommend abandoning some of the 

palaeontological species concepts such as 

chronospecies and stratospecies, and we advocate 

species recognition based on unique combinations 

of characters. The compilation of species 

lists is extremely time consuming, and given the 

inherent problems we suggest that compilation 

of generic lists is a more achievable goal because 

genera are recognized by definitive morphological 

characters. In calculating taxon duration, 

care must be taken to distinguish between 

mono-, para- and polyphyletic groups, the first 

being the only reliable unit for use in calculating 

diversity curves. We support the inclusion of 

fossils into classifications based on Recent organisms, 

but we recognize some of the problems 

this may pose for standard Linnaean classifications. 

Web-based taxonomy is the way forward, 

having the advantages of speed and currency of 

information dissemination, universal access with 

links to primary literature and increasingly sophisticated 

imagery. These advantages over conventional 

outlets will only be realized with careful 

Web design and a commitment to maintenance. 

2006040006 

关于第四纪环境变化对宏演化所起作用的再 

争论 = Continuing the debate on the role of 

Quaternary environmental change for macroevolution. 

( 英文 ). Bennett K D. Philosophical 


Sciences, 2004, 359(1442): 295 - 303 

The Quaternary has been a period of dramatic 

environmental change for the past 1.8 Myr, with 

major shifts in distributions and abundances of 

terrestrial and marine organisms. The evolutionary 

consequences of this have been debated 

since the nineteenth century. However, the lack 

of accurate relative and absolute time-scales for 

evolutions and environmental change inhibited 

progress. We do now have an understanding of 

time-scales. Palaeoecology has demonstrated the 

individualistic nature of species' response to environmental 

change, but lacks a means of determining 

ancestry. DNA characterization of modern 

populations in relation to their distributions 

nicely complements palaeoecological results by 

contributing ancestry. The chance to understand 

how species originate and the causal factors of 

speciation (environmental change or otherwise) 

may be within reach. 

2006040007 

经天纬地的生物进化 = Evolution under the 

control of both heaven and earth. ( 中文 ). 徐钦琦 . 

in: 周光召 . 自然科学与博物馆研究第 2 卷 . . 

Pages: 201(187-194). 高等教育出版社 . 2006. 7- 

5636-2235-7. 

气温的波动是地球历史上气候变迁最重要 

的特征。中国古代的庄子首次提出了大年和 

小年的概念。1893 年赫胥黎认为 , 大年代表 

一个完整的气候变迁的周期。1976 年米切尔 

指出 , 在地球历史上至少存在着 5 种小年和 

10 种大年。此外 , 显生宙还包括 2 个宏年 ,4 

个代年 ,12 个纪年 ,32 个世年 ,88 个期年以 

及约 900 个事件年。在晚新生代 ,“ 事件 

年 ” 级的生物事件都诞生在 “ 事件年 ” 的冬 

末春初。第一个宏年是整个古生代 , 第二个 

宏年则是整个中新生代。五大绝灭事件 ( 元 

古代末绝灭事件、志留大绝灭、二叠大绝 

灭、白垩大绝灭及更新世末绝灭 ) 分别发生 

在元古代年、早古生代年、晚古生代年、中 

生代年和新生代年的冬末。四大爆发事件 

( 寒武大爆发、泥盆大爆发、三叠大爆发及 

古近大爆发 ) 也都分别发生在早古生代年、 

晚古生代年、中生代年和新生代年的春季。 

在生物进化史上 , 这是一项规律。总之 , 从 

宏年到事件年 , 生物界都会在不同层次大年 

的冬末出现不同层次的绝灭事件 , 在不同层 

次大年的春季出现不同层次的辐射事件或爆 

发现象。大年的层次赿高 , 辐射事件或爆发 

现象的规模也赿大。 

2006040008 

陕南晚震旦世骨骼化石中的微生物磷酸盐化 

作用 = Microbially mediated phosphatization in 

the late Sinian skeletal fossils, southern Shaanxi. 

( 中文 ). 华洪 ; 张录易 ; 陈哲 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(2): 189-199 2 图版 . 

陕南晚震旦世高家山生物群中骨骼化石的 

电镜扫描显示 ,Sinotubulites levis 壳壁中具有 

丰富的磷酸盐化球状和丝状体 , 可分为 3 种 

2

不同类型的微生物组构 :1) 由相互缠绕的丝 

状体所组成的藻席状组构 ;2) 由外表面成莓 

球状 , 内部中空的球状体紧密堆叠所形成的 

组构类型 ;3) 由表面极为光滑的球状体堆叠 

所形成的组构。它们可能分别代表不同类型 

的矿化蓝藻 , 依此推断微生物在 S. levis 壳壁 

磷酸盐化过程中起着重要作用。在共生的 

Sinotubulites baimatuoensis 和 Cloudina 壳壁 

上 , 极少或完全不存在这些磷酸盐化组构表 

明微生物的磷酸盐化作用具有专属性 , 可能 

由壳壁微结构所决定 , 具多层状壁的 S.levis 

可能与具许多有机质纹层的多毛类壳壁关系 

密切。 

2006040009 

化石记录的再评估 = New assessment of the 

fossil records. ( 中文 ). 王玥 ; 杨群 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(2): 297-302 

分子生物学和分支系统学的发展以及化石 

记录自身的局限性使得古生物地层资料在生 

物演化研究中的地位遭到质疑。连续的化石 

记录的发现肯定了化石分析的意义 , 数据库 

的建立与定量分析方法的应用为古生物学的 

研究增添了新生力量。 

2006040010 

苏格兰雷尼地区早泥盆世热泉复合体中小池 

容积中水下硅化作用 = Subaqueous silicification 

of the contents of small ponds in an Early 

Devonian hot-spring complex, Rhynie, Scotland. 

( 英文 ). Trewin N H; Fayers S R; Kelman R. 

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2003, 

40(11): 1697-1712 

The Early Devonian Rhynie and Windyfield 

cherts of northeast Scotland originated as siliceous 

sinters deposited by hot springs. Silicification 

affected both subaerial and subaqueous environments, 

preserving a diverse terrestrial and 

freshwater biota. Cherts originally deposited in 

small shallow pools can be recognised on the 

basis of both texture and fossil content. Textures 

comprise clotted and microcoprolitic textures, 

bacterial coatings on plant axes that can be stromatolitic, 

and a variety of bacterial and fungal 

meshworks. The crustacean Lepidocaris, the 

euthycarcinoid Heterocrania, the charophyte 

alga Palaeonitella, and chytrid fungi are typical 

elements of the aquatic biota. Observations of 

modern hot springs in Yellowstone National 

Park, Wyoming, U.S.A., demonstrate that shallow 

ponds and streams on low-angle outwash 

areas and dormant vent orifices provide suitable 

environmental analogues. Textures comparable 

to those described from Rhynie are recorded 

from Yellowstone sinters, but examples of the 

rapid and complete silicification of delicate organic 

structures as seen in a few of the Rhynie 

chert beds have not been noted. Petrographic 

textures comparable to those seen in the cherts 

of freshwater origin from Rhynie occur in modern 

stream sinters at Yellowstone, where they 

form from waters at 20-28degreesC and with a 

pH of 8.7. This similarity occurs despite differences 

in environment at Yellowstone, such as 

the oxidizing surface environment, water table 

fluctuations, complex modern vegetation, fixing 

of silica by diatoms, and climatic extremes. Thus 

there are close similarities between textures seen 

in the Rhynie cherts and Yellowstone sinters 

deposited in freshwater pools and streams by hot 

springs. 

2006040011 

热泉硅华 : 了解地球最早生命形式的关键 = 

Hot spring sinters: keys to understanding Earth's 

earliest life forms. ( 英文 ). Konhauser K O; 

Jones B; Reysenbach A L; Renaut R W. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2003, 40(11): 

1713-1724 

The question of what composed the Earth's 

oldest fossils is the subject of current debate. At 

present, taphonomical determination of Archean 

silicified microfossils is largely based on morphological 

comparisons with extant microorganisms. 

This method has significant shortcomings 

because little is known about which types of 

bacteria silicify, what physical changes are induced 

on those species during mineralization, 

and, most importantly, what their preservation 

potential is. Terrestrial hot springs may help 

resolve these uncertainties because the silicasupersaturated 

geothermal fluids mineralize a 

wide variety of natural microbial communities 

and thus lead to the formation of numerous distinct 

biofacies. Some of these biofacies are 

reminiscent of Archean siliceous stromatolites 

from which the oldest microfossils were recovered. 

We suggest that by integrating molecular 

techniques that characterize the indigenous microbial 

populations growing in different biofacies 

with electron microscopy, we may be able 

to assess better what types of ancient microbes 

could have become fossilized. 

2006040012 

热泉中结壳细菌的 FeAs2 生物矿化 : 共生细 

菌的生态作用 = FeAs2 biomineralization on 

encrusted bacteria in hot springs: an ecological 

role of symbiotic bacteria. ( 英文 ). Tazaki K; 

Rafiqul I A B M; Nagai K; Kurihara T. Canadian 


1725-1738 

Bacterial FeAs2 mineralization was found in 

the reddish-brown microbial mats that have 

grown on the walls of the drainage systems of 

Masutomi Hot Springs, Yamanashi Prefecture, 

Japan. The reddish-brown microbial mats, which 

3

are mainly composed of bacilliform and coccoid 

types of bacteria, have been analyzed and observed 

by microtechniques to interpret the bacterial 

biomineralization and search for the clues to 

bioremediation. These bacteria accumulate Fe 

and As along with other trace elements to form 

various biominerals. The electron diffraction 

(ED) pattern of the bacterial capsule identified 

lollingite (FeAs2) and calcite (CaCO3) on the 

surface of the cell. Based on Fourier-transform 

infrared absorbance spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, 

the presence of organic components such as 

C-H, C=O, CNH, -COOH, and N-H in the reddish-brown 

microbial mats emphasized the 

metal-binding potential of the bacteria. X-ray 

diffraction (XRD) data showed the poorly crystalline 

character of the precipitates, which consist 

mainly of hydrous iron oxides (2.7 Angstrom 

(1 Angstrom = 0.1 nm)). The FeAs2 

biominerals form by adsorption onto the bacterial 

cell wall, as demonstrated by microscopic 

observations and spectroscopic analysis. These 

showed that bacteria in the reddish-brown microbial 

mats have the ability to form biominerals 

with heavy metals and toxic metalloids like As. 

Particularly significant in hot spring environments 

is the role of symbiotic and toxic-resistant 

bacteria, which have the ability to adapt to high 

As concentrations. Bacterial FeAs2 mineralization 

might also be considered a mechanism by 

which toxic As is removed from the aquatic ecosystem. 

The results provide evidence for detoxification 

processes and offer clues to possible 

methods of bioremediation. 

遗迹化石 

2006040013 

东亚白垩纪陆相生物群 , 特别是以恐龙为主 

的遗迹动物群 : 一个综合方法 = Cretaceous 

terrestrial biotas of East Asia, with special reference 

to dinosaur-dominated ichnofaunas: towards 

a synthesis. ( 英文 ). Matsukawa 

M;Lockley M; Li J J. Cretaceous Research, 

2006, 27(1): 3-21 

This paper represents an “editorial” introduction 

to this issue, which is one of two special 

issues of Cretaceous Research on the geology 

and paleontology of East Asia. This paper makes 

special reference to the results of joint Japanese, 

Chinese, and North American expeditions that 

investigated more than 70 fossil footprint sites 

and other fossiliferous localities in China, Japan, 

Korea, Laos, Mongolia, and Thailand. More than 

50 of the track sites are considered Cretaceous in 

age, though in some cases dating is uncertain. 

We herein present summaries of selected important 

sites not previously described in detail based 

on new maps, tracings, and replicas of representative 

type specimens and related materials that 

have been assembled in accessible reference 

collections. Other sites are described in detail 

elsewhere in this issue and are placed in broader 

paleoenvironmental context in conjunction with 

papers that deal with floras, invertebrate and 

vertebrate body fossils, paleoecosystem reconstruction, 

and their stratigraphic, sedimentological, 

and tectonic settings in the second of the two 

special issues. 

Preliminary syntheses suggest that Cretaceous 

vertebrate ichnofaunas of East Asia contain 

various distinctive elements that are neither typical 

nor common in other regions. These include 

an abundance and significant diversity of bird 

tracks, some with web impressions, various 

small theropod tracks including diminutive examples 

(Grallator and Minisauripus) with foot 

lengths of 2.0 – 3.0 cm, probable small 

dromeosaurid tracks (Velociraptorichnus), probable 

coelurosaurid tracks with bilobed heel impressions 

(Siampodus), and various small ornithopod 

tracks that resemble Anomoepus. Giant 

pterosaur tracks (Haenamichnus) are also unique 

to this area. A review of the ichnotaxonomy 

generously accepts about eleven valid ichnogenera 

of dinosaurs, two of pterosaurs, and nine of 

birds. At least ten other ichnogenera are dubious 

and among these several have already been rejected. 

A preliminary overview of these ichnotaxa in 

broader context suggests that the dominance of 

bird and theropod ichnotaxa is a valid reflection 

of a corresponding dominance of birds and theropod 

body-fossil taxa. We also note partitioning 

of ichnofaunas into saurischian-dominated assemblages 

from low, tropical latitudes and semiarid, 

inland basin paleoenvironments, and ornithopod-rich 

assemblages from higher, more 

temperate latitudes and humid, coastal paleoenvironments. 

2006040014 

中国含恐龙足迹地层的地质年龄 = Geological 

ages of dinosaur-track-bearing formations in 

China. ( 英文 ). Chen P J;Li J J;Matsukawa 

M;Zhang H C;Wang Q F;Lockley M G. Cretaceous 

Research, 2006, 27(1): 22-32 

In China more than 30 forms of dinosaur 

tracks at about 50 localities distributed in 16 

provinces have been reported. These fossil footprints 

have been found in 25 Upper Triassic to 

Upper Cretaceous formations. They are the Xujiahe 

Formation (Upper Triassic), Zhenzhuchong 

and Ziliujing formations (Lower Jurassic), Xintiangou 

and Lower Shaximiao formations (Middle 

Jurassic), Penglaizhen Formation (Upper 

Jurassic), and Jiaguan and Daergun formations 

(Upper Cretaceous) in the Sichuan Basin; the 

Fengjiahe Formation (Lower Jurassic) and Jiangdihe 

Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in the 

4

central Yunnan Basin; the Zhiluo Formation 

(Middle Jurassic) and Fengjiashan Formation 

(Lower Cretaceous) in Shaanxi Province; the 

Jingchuan Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in 

Inner Mongolia; the Houcheng Formation (Upper 

Jurassic) and Jiufotang Formation (Lower 

Cretaceous) in northern Hebei; the Tuchengzi 

Formation (Upper Jurassic) and Fuxin Formation 

(Lower Cretaceous) in western Liaoning; the 

Laiyang Formation (Lower Cretaceous) in the 

Shandong Peninsula; the Tongfosi Formation 

(Cretaceous) in eastern Jilin Province; the Hekou 

Group (Lower Cretaceous) in Gansu; and the 

Xiaodong, Qiyunshan, and Nanxiong formations 

(Upper Cretaceous) in Hunan, Anhui, and 

Guangdong provinces, respectively. The invertebrate 

and vertebrate fossils including tetrapod 

footprints reported from some of these formations 

are outlined and their biostratigraphic significance 

and utility for correlation are discussed. 

2006040015 

中国辽宁省鸟的行迹化石 : 对侏罗 - 白垩纪之 

交鸟的飞行演化的新见解 = Bird tracks from 

Liaoning Province, China: New insights into 

avian evolution during the Jurassic-Cretaceous 

transition. ( 英文 ). Lockley M;Matsukawa 

M;Ohira H;Li J J;Wright J;White D;Chen P J. 

Cretaceous Research, 2006, 27(1): 33-43 

Tracks of shorebird-like species from a small 

outcrop in the upper part of the Tuchengzi Formation 

at Kangjiatun, in the Beipiao area, Liaoning 

Province, may be the oldest bird tracks 

known from China. Formerly considered Late 

Jurassic in age, new fission track dates give an 

age of 145.9 Ma for ash beds associated with 

dinosaur track-bearing beds from the middle part 

of the Tuchengzi Formation outcrops at a nearby 

locality. Thus, the age appears to be close to the 

Jurassic-Cretaceous (Tithonian-Berriasian) 

boundary. The precise age of the bird trackbearing 

beds has not been determined, but is 

unlikely to be younger than about 139 Ma, based 

on dates for the upper part of the Tuchengzi 

Formation. Thus, the bird tracks, like the Tuchengzi 

ichnofauna in general, predate the famous 

Yixian Formation, which has produced a 

different avifauna. 

The most distinctive tracks are here named Pullornipes 

aureus ichnosp. nov. and are tentatively 

assigned to the ichnofamily Koreanornipodidae. 

Other tracks from the same site appear to represent 

different ichnotaxa and therefore indicate 

the potential to find diverse avian ichnofaunas at 

this time. This record supports the evidence that 

East Asian avian ichnofaunas are the most diverse 

known during the Early Cretaceous. 

2006040016 

中国西北甘肃省下白垩统 Hakou 组广泛的恐 

龙、翼龙以及鸟的足迹化石 = Diverse dinosaur-, 

pterosaur-, and bird-track assemblages 

from the Hakou Formation, Lower Cretaceous of 

Gansu Province, northwest China. ( 英文 ). Zhang 

J P;Li D Q;Li M L;Lockley M G;Bai Z. Cretaceous 

Research, 2006, 27(1): 44-55 

Diverse and well-preserved assemblages of 

dinosaur (theropod, sauropod and ornithopod), 

pterosaur, and bird tracks from the Hekou Formation 

(Lower Cretaceous) in the Yellow River 

(Huang He) valley represent the first significant 

fossil footprint discoveries in Gansu Province, 

China. However, the sites are large, visually 

spectacular, and well-exposed thanks to laborintensive 

hand excavation. The sites have the 

potential for development as educational and 

tourist destinations. These sites have become one 

of the National Geoparks in China. 

Dinosaur tracks include at least two theropod 

morphotypes that range in size from about 5 to 

>30 cm in length. Wide-gauge sauropod tracks 

(Brontopodus) range in size from 25 to 90 cm 

(pes length) and are the best-preserved examples 

known from China, with clear claw impressions. 

One trackway suggests an accelerating/running 

individual. Parallel ornithopod trackways indicate 

gregarious behavior. An enigmatic trackway 

may be a manus-only ornithopod trackway. 

A pterosaur trackway (cf. Pteraichnus), the first 

reported from China, consists of 24 consecutive 

footprints, and is the longest, well-preserved 

trackway on record. Bird tracks (cf. Aquatilavipes) 

are also very well preserved. 

The tracks occur at multiple stratigraphic levels 

in fluvio-lacustrine sequences of paleosol 

mudstones and sandstones with mud cracks and 

wave ripple marks. A minimum ichnodiversity 

of eight, the highest reported from the Cretaceous 

of China, is estimated. The saurischian 

component (theropods and sauropods) compares 

well with Inner Mongolia ichnofaunas from the 

Jing Chuan Formation. However, the cooccurrence 

of ornithopod and sauropod tracks is 

rare in Asia and globally, and compares with 

assemblages from South Korea, a similar Cretaceous 

paleolatitude (ca. 30°). 

2006040017 

韩国西南部 Hwasun 县上白垩统保存很好的 

爬行类足迹及其古生物学意义 = Wellpreserved 

theropod tracks from the Upper Cretaceous 

of Hwasun County, southwestern South 

Korea, and their paleobiological implications. 

( 英文 ). Huh M;Paik I S;Lockley M G;Hwang K 

G;Kim B S;Kwak S K. Cretaceous Research, 

2006, 27(1): 123-138 

5

Abundant dinosaur fossils including footprints, 

eggs and nests, teeth, and bones have been found 

from the Cretaceous nonmarine deposits of Korea. 

Among them, dinosaur tracks are the most 

distinctive, and some tracksites are among the 

most famous in the world. Approximately 1500 

well-preserved dinosaur footprints, including 

more than 60 trackways, have been excavated 

from the Cretaceous Neungju Group in a quarry 

in Seoyu-ri, Hwasun County, Jeollanam-do, 

South Korea. Unlike other dinosaur fossil sites 

in South Korea, most of the tracks found in the 

area belong to theropods, especially small-sized 

theropods. The tracks show significant variation 

in size, morphology, and divarication. On the 

basis of morphology and size, the theropod 

tracks have been classified into three types. The 

first type is characterized by its small size, wide 

divarication, and slender digits, which can be 

more closely compared to Magnoavipes. The 

second type shows slightly thicker digits than the 

first one and narrow toe impressions and is similar 

to Ornithomimipus or Xiangxipus. The footprints 

of the third type belong to large theropods 

and display distinct sharp claw impressions. The 

calculated body sizes of the dinosaurs vary between 

small theropods with an estimated hip 

height of 68.4–194.5 cm, and large theropods 

with a maximum estimated hip height of 

260.9 cm. The variety of morphotypes and sizes 

of the footprints and the calculated body sizes 

indicate that different theropods with various 

gaits inhabited in the study area during the Cretaceous. 

On the basis of the speed and gait 

analyses, it is inferred that the small theropods in 

the area were trotting, while the large theropods 

were walking slowly. The fossil site also shows 

diverse gaits with unusual walking patterns and 

postures in some tracks. 

2006040018 

泰国白垩纪一个特征的新兽足恐龙足迹 : 对 

兽足类足迹多样性的意义 = A distinctive new 

theropod dinosaur track from the Cretaceous of 

Thailand: implications for theropod track diversity. 

( 英文 ). Lockley M;Matsukawa M;Sato Y 

S;Polahan M;Daorerk V. Cretaceous Research, 

2006, 27(1): 139-145 

Highly distinctive, well-preserved, three-toed 

dinosaur footprints with bilobed heel impressions 

from the Cretaceous of Thailand are assigned 

to the new ichnotaxon Siamopodus khaoyaiensis. 

The tracks, which represent small- to 

medium-sized gracile theropods, are unlike any 

previously known from Thailand or elsewhere. 

By contrast other robust, small- to medium-sized 

theropod tracks with bulbous heel impressions 

are reported from a new locality and shown to be 

similar to Lower Cretaceous tracks from elsewhere 

in Asia. When added to previously reported 

robust, large theropod tracks, the Cretaceous 

track record in Thailand appears dominated 

by a significant diversity of theropod track 

types that differ from one locality to the next. 

Thus, the track record is in general agreement 

with the skeletal record of theropods in Thailand. 

The occurrence of footprints with bilobed heel 

impressions is reviewed briefly. 

2006040019 

阿根廷下白垩统 Chubut 群恐龙残骸 = Dinosaur 

remains from the Lower Cretaceous of the 

Chubut Group, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Rauhut O W 

M; Cladera G; Vickers-Rich P; Rich T H. Cretaceous 

Research, 2003, 24(5): 487-497 

Some fragmentary dinosaur remains from the 

uppermost Hauterivian–Barremian La Paloma 

Member of the Cerro Barcino Formation of 

northern Chubut, Argentina are described. Together 

with the fauna from the La Amarga Formation 

of Neuqu é n, Argentina, this material 

represent the oldest known Cretaceous dinosaur 

fauna from South America. It includes remains 

of a probable titanosaurian sauropod and an abelisaurian, 

probable abelisaurid, theropod. This is 

the oldest record of titanosaurs from South 

America and the oldest record of abelisaurids 

globally. The presence of both small-bodied noasaurids 

in the La Amarga Formation and medium-sized–large 

abelisaurids in the Cerro Barcino 

Formation, in the middle Lower Cretaceous 

of Argentina, indicates that abelisaurian diversification 

began well before the final fragmentation 

of Gondwana. Whereas this explains the 

wide distribution of abelisaurs in the Late Cretaceous, 

reasons other than vicariance must be 

invoked for their apparent absence in the ‘middle’ 

Cretaceous of Africa. 

2006040020 

Troodontid 兽足类蛋壳的类鸟特征 = Birdlike 

characteristics of troodontid theropod eggshell. 

( 英文 ). Zelenitsky D K;Modesto S 

P;Currie P J. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 23(3): 

297-305 

Description of well-preserved fossil eggshell 

(oospecies Prismatoolithus levis), recently assigned 

to the theropod dinosaur Troodon formosus, 

reveals traits that are shared with the eggshell 

of both fossil and Recent avians. Bird-like 

characteristics of troodontid eggshell include: 

fibres associated with eisospherites that are attached 

to the bases of the mammillae, fine radiating 

crystals that form the spherulites and grade 

into blocky wedges of the mammillae, and 

prisms in the outer layer that exhibit squamatic 

ultrastructure. The presence of two layers 

(mammillary and squamatic) within the eggshell 

is either a theropod apomorphy or it arose within 

6

Theropoda; the external eggshell layer of crowngroup 

avians is apomorphic with respect to other 

theropod eggshell. Despite disagreement on the 

putative sister taxon of birds, recent theropod 

phylogenies suggest strongly that prismatic ultrastructure 

evolved independently in Troodontidae 

and Neognathae. Our identification of squamatic 

ultrastructure in troodontid eggshell, 

which was previously thought to lack this structure, 

reveals problems with the previous assignment 

of this eggshell to the dinosauroidprismatic 

morphotype and with the concept of 

eggshell morphotype in the current eggshell 

parataxonomy. We conclude that the dinosauroid-prismatic 

morphotype should be abandoned. 

2006040021 

痕迹化石在识别东濮凹陷古近纪河口湾环境 

和下切谷中的作用 = The role of trace fossils in 

detecting the Paleogene estuary environment and 

incised valley of Dongpu depression, East China. 

( 中文 ). 吴贤涛 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 44(4): 599- 

610 

河口湾砂岩储层 , 在下切谷型油气勘探类 

型中极具潜在经济价值 , 因而引起众多沉积 

环境研究者的关注。河口湾是河水、海水相 

互作用的场所 , 具明显的三重沉积结构 , 即 

在河口湾内侧 , 河流淡水沉积具主导 ; 在河 

口湾外侧 , 则以潮汐或波浪等海水水流沉积 

占优 ; 而河口湾的中央地带 , 是海水和淡水 

汇合区 , 表现出咸水水体和低能环境的沉积 

特征。东濮凹陷沙河街组四段 , 低位期形成 

的下切谷和高位期转变成河口湾的过程 , 由 

沉积柱子中的海水生物痕迹、咸水生物痕迹 

及淡水生物痕迹记录下来 , 这些适应于不同 

水体的造迹生物所留下的痕迹 , 弥补了这一 

地区缺乏标志性实体化石带来的认识障碍 , 

为识别其沉积环境真面目找到了新途径。由 

Cylindricum-Scoyenia 为代表的淡水痕迹化石 

组合 , 以 Tigillites 和喜盐植物根迹为代表的 

咸水生物痕迹和以 Thalassinoides , 

Teichichnus 为代表的海水生物痕迹 , 在东濮 

凹陷沙河街组四段钻取的岩芯中多次出现 , 

证实了那里河口湾沉积的三重结构和下切谷 

的存在。 

2006040022 

西班牙阿斯图里亚斯晚侏罗世龟的足迹 = 

Turtle tracks from the Late Jurassic of Asturias, 

Spain. ( 英文 ). Avanzini M; Garcia-Ramos J C; 

Lires J; Menegon M; Pinuela L; Fernandez L A. 

Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2005, 50(4): 

743-755 

Although tracks of dinosaurs are well known 

from Upper Jurassic sediments, tracks of nondinosaurian 

vertebrates are fairly rare. The Upper 

Jurassic Lastres Formations of Asturias in 

northern Spain contain many vertebrate tracksites 

that include footprints and trackways of 

non-dinosaurian tetrapods. Several of these 

tracks are natural casts of pentadactyl to tridactyl 

footprints with digits connected by arched structures. 

The Asturian tracks show a high degree of 

morphological similarity to other specimens previously 

described as possible turtle tracks. Observations 

from extant turtle trackways show 

some surprising similarities with the fossil material. 

The tracks are here interpreted as having 

been made by turtles partially buoyed by water 

or by turtles walking in a slightly wet subaerial 

environment. 

2006040023 

冈瓦纳大陆翼龙足迹的首次发现 = The first 

pterosaur tracks from Gondwana. ( 英文 ). Calvo 

J O; Lockley M G. Cretaceous Research, 2001, 

22(5): 585-590 

Pterosaur tracks from the Candeleros Member 

of the Rio Limay Formation (Albian – 

Cenomanian) at Lake Ezequiel Ramos Mexía, 

Neuqu é n Province, Argentina, are the first 

pterosaurian tracks reported from South America 

and from the Southern Hemisphere. Although 

the individual footprints are not well preserved, 

some trackway segments and manus-pes sets are 

preserved, suggesting that the tracks can be assigned 

to cf. Pteraichnus ichnosp. indet. The 

palaeoenvironmental setting of the track beds is 

a lake shoreline, where dinosaur tracks also occur. 

The discovery is consistent with reports of 

well known pterosaur-bearing Lagerstätten in the 

Lower Cretaceous of South America. 

2006040024 

美国科罗拉多丹佛地区 Laramie/Arapahoe 组 

( 上白垩统 ) 恐龙和龟的足迹 = Dinosaur and 

turtle tracks from the Laramie/Arapahoe formations 

(Upper Cretaceous), near Denver, Colorado, 

USA. ( 英文 ). Wright J; Lockley M. Cretaceous 

Research, 2001, 22(3): 365-376 

A large slab showing more than two dozen dinosaur 

footprints discovered in the Upper Cretaceous 

(Maastrichtian) Laramie or Arapahoe 

Formation near Denver, Colorado, represents the 

first significant find of dinosaur tracks in the 

greater Denver metropolitan area in more than a 

decade. The tracks are all of tridactyl bipeds and 

appear to be mainly attributable to theropod dinosaurs, 

although some may be attributed to 

ornithopods. The track-bearing slab is undoubtedly 

the highest concentration and best preserved 

example of small dinosaur tracks ever 

discovered in the Laramie Formation, and adds 

significantly to our understanding of the range of 

size and shape of small bipedal tracks in the 

Denver area during the latest Cretaceous. At 

7

another site, small vertebrate tracks attributed to 

turtles were recently discovered. They consist of 

very short wide tracks with deep claw impressions. 

2006040025 

早白垩世南大西洋张开时巴西东北部交互相 

盆地恐龙足迹的地质环境 = Geological environments 

of dinosaur footprints in the intracratonic 

basins of northeast Brazil during the Early 

Cretaceous opening of the South Atlantic. ( 英文 ). 

Carvalho I S. Cretaceous Research, 2000, 21(2- 

3): 255-267 

The intracratonic basins of northeast Brazil 

are part of a Cretaceous rift system developed 

along pre-existing structural trends in the basement 

during the opening of the South Atlantic 

Ocean. Sedimentary basins such as those of 

Sousa, Uira ú na-Brejo das Freiras, Araripe, 

Cedro, Iguatu, Malhada Vermelha, Lima Campos 

and Icó contain a wide variety of vertebrate 

and invertebrate ichnofossils, and invertebrate, 

vertebrate and plant fossils, including palynomorphs. 

Among the clastic continental sediments 

of these basins, dinosaur footprints are the 

most abundant vertebrate remains. The dinosaurian 

ichnofaunas all have the same stratigraphictime-palaeogeographical 

context, and represent 

parts of a widespread megatracksite. Similarities 

in the lithofacies of the deposits where the footprints 

occur reflect the same tectonic, climatic 

and sedimentary processes. The environmental 

setting was influenced by the initial development 

of the equatorial Atlantic seaway, with an endemic 

biota living nearby in ephemeral rivers 

and shallow lakes in a hot climate. 

2006040026 

克罗地亚伊斯的利亚南部 Fenoliga 岛塞诺曼 

阶恐龙足迹 = Cenomanian dinosaur tracks on 

the islet of Fenoliga in southern Istria, Croatia. 

( 英文 ). Mezga A; Bajraktarevi Z. Cretaceous 

Research, 1999, 20(6): 735-746 

One hundred and forty six dinosaur footprints 

occur on the Cenomanian outcrop of Fenoliga. 

They are arranged in six trackways and six footprint 

groups (a–f). Two basic footprint types 

can be distinguished: firstly, large circularelliptical 

sauropod footprints, forming four 

trackways (I, III, V, VI) and five footprint 

groups (a–e), and secondly, smaller, tridactyl 

theropod footprints forming two trackways (II 

and IV) and one footprint group (f). Three type 

specimens, one sauropod and two theropod, 

were determined during the course of the work. 

Since no dinosaur bones have been discovered in 

the Cenomanian rocks of Istria so far, these findings 

are outstandingly important in the analysis 

of the regional dinosaur fauna. 

2006040027 

天津蓟县中元古界高于庄组宏观化石的发现 

及其地质意义 = Discovery of megafossils from 

the Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation in 

the Jixian section, Tanjin and its stratigraphic 

significance. ( 中文 ). 孙淑芬 ; 朱士兴 ; 黄学光 . 古 

生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 207-220 3 图版 . 

在蓟县长城系高于庄组 (1500-1400Ma) 中 

部的泥质含灰质白云岩中发现可靠的宏观化 

石 , 代表分子包括 Parachuaria , 

Parashouhsienia,Grypania 和 Spirelluchnum 

等属。研究表明 , 宏观化石形成于浪基面以 

下海水能量低的陆表海台盆区。围岩环境为 

台盆相弱还原静水环境 ; 燕山地区的高于庄 

组与美国蒙大拿州中元古代贝尔特超群下部 

的 Greyson 页岩地层可以对比 ; 遗迹化石如 

果被确认 , 可表明 1450Ma 年前后已经存在 

一种结构简单、不分叉 , 具两侧对称的长形 

体型 , 有前后端之分的似蠕虫活动能力的早 

期后生动物 ; 长城系 (1800-1400Ma) 不仅是 

后生植物出现和繁盛的重要阶段也可能是后 

生动物出现和发展的关键时期。 

2006040028 

贵州台江下 - 中寒武统凯里组遗迹化石群落与 

环境关系的探讨 = Relationship between ichnocoenosis 

and sedimentary environment in the 

Lower-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation of 

Taijiang, Guizhou, China. ( 中文 ). 王约 ; 周志澄 ; 

赵元龙 ; 俞美艺 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 243- 

251 1 图版 . 

通过贵州台江凯里组中丰富的、分异度较 

高的、以原地埋藏为特征的遗迹化石的研 

究 , 探讨凯里组遗迹化石群落的沉积环境和 

埋藏环境。凯里组遗迹化石群落以节肢动物 

和软体动物的停息迹、爬行迹和游泳迹占优 

势 , 浅层内生爬行觅食潜穴和系统觅食潜穴 

占有一定的地位 , 也见有浅的居住滤食性潜 

穴 , 属 Seilacher 的 Cruziana 遗迹相 , 为正常 

浪基面和风暴浪基面之间的浅海软质基底陆 

棚低能环境 , 那里盐度正常、光照充足、含 

氧量充分、水体平静、沉积速率较快。在此 

环境中 , 浮游、游泳以及底栖爬行和固着生 

物类型大量地生长、繁殖和活动 , 表生遗迹 

和浅层内生遗迹十分丰富。生物死亡后的腐 

烂和分解 , 使得食泥生物大量繁盛。随着沉 

积物的覆盖和被埋藏生物遗体的分解、腐 

烂 , 沉积物内部还原能力逐渐增强 , 导致分 

解和腐烂过程终止。 

2006040029 

山东济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组深水湖沉积中 

的遗迹化石 = Trace fossils of deeper lacustrine 

deposits in the Paleogene Shahejie Formation of 

Jiyang depression, Shandong Province,eastern 

8

China. ( 中文 ). 胡斌 ; 姜在兴 ; 齐永安 ; 张国成 . 古 

生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 83-94 2 图版 . 

山东济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组深水湖沉积 

地层主要由深灰色、褐灰色泥岩、油泥岩、 

泥灰岩和石灰岩以及岩盐组成 , 浊流沉积发 

育。已发现深水型遗迹化石有 12 个遗迹属 

14 个遗迹种 , 包括 3 个新遗迹属 6 个新遗迹 

种。根据这些遗迹化石的组成与分布特征及 

其围岩的沉积特征 , 可以划分出 2 种不同沉 

积环境下的遗迹化石群落 , 即 (1 ) 

Mermoides-Neonereites 遗迹群落 , 主要由觅 

食迹 (Fodinichnia) 和牧食迹 (Pascichnia) 

组成 , 常见分子有 Mermoides chezhenensis, 

Mermoides latiusculus , Neonereites 

uniserialis , Helminthoidichnites cf . tenuis , 

Helminthopsis abeli , Pilichnus lacustris , 

Multilagueichnus lingpanensis , Cochlichnus 

anguineus,Gordia ichnosp.,Palaeophycus 

tubularis 和 Planolites beverleyensis 等 , 它们 

被解释形成于半深水湖或较深水湖沉积环 

境 ;(2)Semirotundichnus 遗迹群落 , 以半 

圆形、小碟形牧食迹为其特征 , 典型组成分 

子有 Semirotundichnus dongyingensis , 

Patellarisichnus boxingensis 和 Neonereites 

uniserialis 等 , 它们均产生于深水湖沉积环 

境。 

2006040030 

牛庄洼陷古近纪浊流沉积中 Paleodictyon 遗 

迹化石的发现 = Discovery of Paleodictyon in 

turbidite deposit of Paleogene in Niuzhuang Sag. 

( 中文 ). 袁文芳 ; 陈世悦 ; 曾昌民 ; 张关龙 . 煤田地 

质与勘探 , 2006, 34(1): 8-11 

在牛庄洼陷沙河街组四段上亚段的陆相浊 

流沉积中发现了 Paleodictyon 遗迹化石 , 其 

形态特征几乎和深海分子相媲美 , 并且在该 

遗迹化石的宿主岩性中 , 还发现了可以指示 

海侵发生的甲藻甾烷分手化石。说明研究区 

在古近纪曾发生过海侵或与海相关 , 这不仅 

为争论了 20 多年的 “ 渤海湾盆地古近纪是否 

发生过海侵 ” 问题的解决找到了突破口 , 同时 

对油气勘探方向也具有指导意义。 

2006040031 

贵州台江凯里组的遗迹化石 Treptichnus = 

Ichnofossil Treptichnus from the Kaili Formation 

at Taijiang County, Guizhou Province. ( 中 

文 ). 王约 ; 王平丽 . 地质论评 , 2006, 52(1): 1- 

10 4 图版 . 

贵州台江下中寒武统凯里组中产有丰富 

的、保存良好的 Treptichnus Miller, 计 5 个 

遗迹种 ( 其中包括 2 个新遗迹种 ): 

T.bifurcus Miller,T.pedum(Seilacher), 

T.pollardi Buatois and Mdngano,T.arcus 

n . ichnosp . 和 T . taijiangensis 

n.ichnosp., 并与节肢动物的觅食迹、爬行 

迹和游泳迹等共生 , 属 Cruziana 遗迹相。产 

于凯里组的 Treptichnus 可能为节肢动物的居 

住迹。随着造迹生物身体的增长和沉积物的 

增厚 , 造迹生物在原潜穴的基础上不断地开 

拓新的潜穴 , 而构成三维空间复杂的潜穴系 

统。 

2006040032 

英国威尔士西南部下老红砂岩陆相遗迹化石 

= Terrestrial trace fossils from the Lower Old 

Red Sandstone, southwest Wales. ( 英文 ). Morrissey 

L B; Braddy S J. Geological Journal, 

2004, 39(3/4): 317-336 

An assemblage of terrestrial trace fossils is 

described from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of 

Pembrokeshire, southwest Wales, preserved in 

mainly fine-grained alluvial facies (channel and 

overbank sediments, deposited by predominantly 

ephemeral flows within a semi-arid environment), 

and thin tuffaceous horizons. The ichnofauna 

is dominated by an extensive, but low diversity 

Beaconites ichnocoenosis, comprising 

the meniscate backfilled burrow Beaconites barretti. 

Concentrations of these burrows (up to 30 

per square metre) show normal size distributions, 

representing periodic colonization events (inferred 

as a response to seasonal desiccation) of 

subaerially exposed (partly indurated) sediments, 

probably by a population of eoarthropleurid 

myriapods penetrating the substrate to the level 

of the water table in order to aestivate and/or 

moult. Arthropod trackways also characterize an 

active arthropod epifauna of arachnids (Paleohelcura; 

first Welsh record) and myriapods (two 

forms of Diplichnites up to 160 mm wide) and 

Diplopodichnus. Additional ichnotaxa include 

arthropod foraging and resting traces (bilobed 

trails, Tumblagoodichnus and Selenichnites), 

'scratch arrays' and worm burrows (Cochlichnus, 

and Palaeophycus) land faecal pellets all representative 

of the Scoyenia ichnofacies 

2006040033 

挪威西南部加里东造山带寒武纪 - 奥陶纪遗迹 

化石 = Cambro-Ordovician trace fossils from 

the SW-Norwegian Caledonides. ( 英文 ). Knaust 

D. Geological Journal, 2004, 39(1): 1-24 

A diverse trace fossil association is described 

for the first time from low-grade metamorphic 

rocks of the SW-Norwegian Caledonides. The 

investigated cliff sections with autochthonous to 

parautochthonous metasediments comprise a 

coarsening- and thickening-upward succession 

interpreted as prograding delta deposits. Sedimentary 

features indicate a tide-influenced environment. 

Twenty-one ichnospecies have been 

identified and assigned to the Cruziana and Sko- 

9

lithos ichnofacies, including the oldest record of 

Beaconites capronus and Macaronichnus segregatis. 

Cruziana ichnostratigraphy (sensu lato), 

previously rarely used in other palaeocontinents 

than Gondwana, allows an age determination for 

these metasediments of Middle Cambrian to 

Lower Ordovician as indicated by the presence 

of Cruziana barbata, C. furcifera, C. rugosa, C. 

semiplicata, Didymaulichnus rouaulti and Rusophycus 

ramellensis. Baltica was geographically 

the most isolated from the other three large continents 

(Gondwana, Laurentia and Siberia) during 

Cambro-Ordovician time, and provinciality 

of faunal assemblages (e.g. brachiopods, conodonts) 

has been proved and is also supposed for 

trilobites by some authors. However, although 

the Cruziana ichnospecies result from a high 

specialization of their tracemakers, and therefore 

only a small group of trilobite species is eligible 

for its origin, the ichnospecies reported from 

Baltica occur also on other palaeocontinents and 

do not support the assumption of trilobite provincialism. 

2006040034 

华盛顿州西北部 Chuckanut 组始新世的鸟、 

爬行类和哺乳动物足迹 = Eocene bird, reptile, 

and mammal tracks from the Chuckanut Formation, 

northwest Washington. ( 英文 ). Mustoe G E. 

Palaios, 2002, 17(4): 403–413 

The diversity and abundance of bird and animal 

tracks preserved in Eocene strata of the 

Chuckanut Formation in Washington contrasts to 

the scarcity of body fossils. These ichnofossils 

were made by vertebrates that inhabited river 

margins, the only depositional environment favorable 

for track preservation. Three of the four 

localities described herein contain tracks from at 

least two different types of animals. Site SM-6 

contains approximately 200 shallow circular 

plantigrade footprints, perhaps made by a type of 

archaic mammal of the Orders Pantodonta or 

Dinocerata. Site RU-1 yielded footprints from a 

small shorebird and tracks from an early equid 

or tapiroid. The same type of perissodactyl 

tracks were preserved at Site KC-1, along with a 

single webbed bird track, and trackways from a 

large heron-like bird and a turtle. Site SM-9.5 

contained multiple bird tracks of a type not 

found at the other localities. The discovery of 

tracks only at Chuckanut Formation sites that 

expose large bedding planes indicates the importance 

of considering outcrop architecture during 

the search for vertebrate ichnofossils, and inspires 

the hope that similar fossils may eventually 

be found in correlative formations in the 

Pacific Northwest. 

2006040035 

新西兰北岛地热系统中的锥形叠层石 = Coniform 

stromatolites from geothermal systems, 

North Island, New Zealand. ( 英文 ). Jones B; 

Renaut R W;Rosen M R; Ansdell K M. 

Palaios, 2002, 17(1): 84–103 

Coniform stromatolites are found in several 

sites in the Tokaanu and Whakarewarewa geothermal 

areas of North Island, New Zealand. At 

Tokaanu, silicification of these stromatolites is 

taking place in Kirihoro, a shallow hot springfed 

pool. At Whakarewarewa, subfossil silicified 

coniform stromatolites are found on the floor of 

“Waikite Pool” on the discharge apron below 

Waikite Geyser, and in an old sinter succession 

at Te Anarata. The microbes in the coniform 

stromatolites from Tokaanu, Waikite Pool, and 

Te Anarata have been well preserved through 

rapid silicification. Nevertheless, subtle differences 

in the silicification style induced morphological 

variations that commonly mask or alter 

morphological features needed for identification 

of the microbes in terms of extant taxa. 

The coniform stromatolites in the New Zealand 

hot-spring pools are distinctive because (1) 

they are formed of upward tapering (i.e., conical) 

columns, (2) neighboring columns commonly 

are linked by vertical sheets or bridges, (3) internally, 

they are formed of alternating high- and 

low-porosity laminae that have a conical vertical 

profile, and (4) Phormidium form more than 

90% of the biota. As such, they are comparable 

to modern coniform mats and stromatolites 

found in the geothermal systems of Yellowstone 

National Park and ice-covered lakes in Antarctica. 

Formation of the coniform stromatolites is restricted 

to pools that are characterized by low 

current energy and a microflora that is dominated 

by Phormidium. These delicate and intricate 

stromatolites could not form in areas characterized 

by fast flowing water or a diverse microflora. 

Thus, it appears that the distribution of 

these distinctive stromatolites is controlled by 

biological constraints that are superimposed on 

environmental needs. 

2006040036 

壳体长度的试验测量及其埋葬学解释 = Experimental 

measurement of shell strength and its 

taphonomic interpretation. ( 英文 ). Zuschin M; 

Stanton R J J. Palaios, 2001, 16(2): 161–170 

Shells were broken experimentally by compressive 

and compactional loading to determine 

the best predictors of shell strength among a 

number of morphologic (length, width, height, 

weight, thickness) and taphonomic (presence of 

a drillhole, exposure to seawater, point contacts 

of shells) features. Compressive strength of fresh 

(Mercenaria mercenaria, Mytilus edulis) and 

10

each-collected (Anadara ovalis) shells was 

measured by placing a single valve flat on a surface 

and compressing it. Compactional strength 

of beach-collected Mulinia lateralis shells was 

measured by placing isolated valves and shell 

layers in fine sand and compacting the sand and 

shell mixture. 

The most effective predictor of compressive 

shell strength of fresh shells was thickness; it 

was significant for all three species and it easily 

can be interpreted as an obvious defense against 

a shell-crushing predator. Size was comparatively 

less important. The presence of a drillhole 

reduced shell strength significantly, and strong 

correlations of weight and shell strength among 

beach collected Anadara shells may reflect different 

states of degradation of the original 

amounts of organic matrix. Supporting this conclusion 

is the observation that immersion in 

seawater for seven weeks significantly decreased 

shell strength of organic-rich shells (Mytilus), 

but did not affect shell strength of organic-poor 

shells (Mercenaria). Fracture patterns varied 

considerably between and within taxa. The 

breakage pattern of Anadara and Mercenaria 

shells generally consisted of a set of fractures 

radiating from the point of loading to the shell 

margin, including even the thick dorsal margin. 

The breakage pattern in Mytilus usually consisted 

of one fracture only, which did not extend 

from the point of loading but whose path was 

highly unpredictable. In compaction experiments 

with beach-collected Mulinia lateralis, the most 

important factor determining whether or how a 

shell would break was the contact between shells. 

Isolated shells, both drilled and undrilled, did not 

break. Among drilled valves in simulated shell 

beds, only 26 percent of the fragments > 2 mm 

fractured through the drillhole. 

2006040037 

新西兰北岛酸性热泉中形成的叠层石 = Stromatolites 

forming in acidic hot-spring waters, 

North Island, New Zealand. ( 英文 ). Jones B; 

Renaut R W; Rosen M R. Palaios, 2000, 15(5): 

450–475 

Small spicular, columnar, and blade-shaped 

stromatolites are common features of hot spring 

and geyser systems in the Taupo Volcanic Zone 

of North Island, New Zealand. These organosedimentary 

structures can grow in many 

settings, where water temperature and pH vary 

widely. Although most common in neutral and 

alkaline waters, stromatolites also are forming in 

several acid-sulfate spring and geyser systems in 

the Waiotapu geothermal area and at Lake Rotokawa. 

Growth of these stromatolites is partly 

mediated by a biota that is dominated by fungi 

and locally, diatoms. 

When stromatolites from acidic thermal waters 

are compared with those from neutral and 

alkali waters, significant differences in their biota 

and mineralogy are evident. The biota in 

stromatolites from the neutral and alkali waters 

is dominated by prokaryotic bacteria (including 

cyanobacteria), whereas stromatolites from 

acidic waters are dominated by eukaryotic fungi 

and to a lesser extent, diatoms. Stromatolites in 

the neutral and alkali thermal waters are formed 

almost entirely of opaline silica, with calcite 

laminae present in a few localities. Although 

stromatolites in the acidic systems also are composed 

mainly of opaline silica, they contain substantial 

amounts of kaolinite and, locally, sulfur 

and/or jarosite. In ancient thermal deposits it 

may be possible to distinguish stromatolites that 

grew in acidic waters from those that formed in 

neutral and alkali systems by considering their 

preserved biota and mineralogy. 

2006040038 

澳大利亚沙漠巨蜥的身体结构和行迹模式 : 

比较动物学和遗迹多样性 = Body form and 

trackway pattern in Australian desert monitors 

(Squamata: Varanidae): comparing zoological 

and ichnological diversity. ( 英文 ). Farlow J O; 

Pianka E R. Palaios, 2000, 15(3): 235-247 

To what extent does ichnological diversity 

(the number of distinctive trace fossil morphologies) 

serve as a proxy for zoological diversity 

(species richness of trackmakers in the living 

fauna) in footprint assemblages made by terrestrial 

lower vertebrates? This question was investigated 

in a study of body form and trackway 

features of monitor lizards (varanids) from the 

Western Australian desert. Body-shape parameters 

deemed likely to affect trackway pattern of 

seven varanid species were measured. These 

lizards differ in average adult size, but there is 

considerable size overlap between adults of 

small-bodied species and juveniles of largebodied 

species. Although subtle species differences 

in body form were detected, these were 

largely swamped by intraspecific variability. 

Furthermore, the most distinctive features in 

which trails of monitor species differ reflect interspecific 

differences in foraging behavior 

rather than anatomical differences, and are features 

that would be difficult or impossible to 

recognize without actually capturing the trackmaker. 

These observations provide empirical 

support for the widely held belief that trace fossil 

diversity commonly under-represents zoological 

diversity. The degree to which this is so is likely 

to be influenced by trackmaker body size and 

metabolic physiology. 

2006040039 

11

华盛顿州 Willapa 湾更新世 Psilonichnu 的意 

义 = The significance of Pleistocene Psilonichnu 

at Willapa Bay, Washington. ( 英文 ). Gingras M 

K; Hubbard S M;Pemberton S G; Saunders T. 

Palaios, 2000, 15(2): 142-151 

Two types of ichnofossils from Pleistocene 

outcrop at Willapa Bay are described. Because 

both trace fossils are characterized by an inclined 

to horizontal tunnel, are unlined, have an exaggerated 

J-shaped morphology, rarely branch, and 

have an unconstricted apertural opening, they 

have been classified as Psilonichnus upsilo. 

Type A and B. 

Psilonichnus upsilo. Type A is generally 1 to 

3 cm in diameter and is infilled with laminated 

sediment. In general, P. upsilo. Type A is observed 

in ancient point-bar deposits. It has an 

extremely simple architecture that is almost 

identical to that produced by the crab Hemigrapsus 

oregonensi. in modern tidal flats at Willapa 

Bay. Psilonichnus upsilo. Type B normally exceeds 

10 cm diameter and is infilled with laminated 

sediment. The passive infill commonly is 

deposited in couplets and may be delivered to the 

burrow network by tide-generated currents. Psilonichnus 

upsilo. Type B is observed in intertidal 

flat deposits. The overall morphology of 

this trace fossil is most similar to burrows generated 

by large crustaceans such as crabs, 

stomatopods, and lobsters. 

The occurrence of these traces leads to four 

findings: (1) Psilonichnus upsilo. has a more 

variable architecture than discussed in the literature. 

The size and angle of the tunnel are variable, 

and Psilonichnu. may aggrade, forming 

Teichichnu.-like structures. (2) In the modern 

bay, burrowing shrimp dominate subtidal, pointbar, 

and intertidal deposits. The Pleistocene record 

indicates that burrowing crabs sometimes 

occupied similar niches in the ancient bay. (3) 

Laminated, heterolithic burrow fills provide evidence 

of rhythmic sedimentation. These laminae 

represent tidal or episodic sedimentation and 

provide the only evidence of such processes in 

otherwise muddy deposits. (4) A large burrowing 

crab that might make P. upsilo. Type B may 

not be present in the modern bay. However, such 

a trace maker was present when these Pleistocene 

deposits accumulated. 

2006040040 

古土壤中的昆虫痕迹化石群集 : 

Coprinisphaera 遗迹相 = Insect trace fossil 

associations in paleosoils: the Coprinisphaera 

ichnofacies. ( 英文 ). Genise J F; Mángano M G; 

Buatois L A; Laza J H; Verde M. Palaios, 2000, 

15(1): 49-64 

Analysis of fifty-eight paleosol trace fossil 

assemblages, ranging from the Triassic to the 

Recent, allows refinement of continental ichnofacies 

models and the proposal of a Coprinisphaera 

ichnofacies. The Coprinisphaera 

ichnofacies consists of trace fossils of bees, 

wasps, ants, beetles, termites, and other unassigned 

insects. Meniscate burrows, mammal 

caves, and rhizoliths also may be present. This 

ichnofacies is named after the dung beetle nest 

Coprinisphaera, the most common component 

of this archetypal assemblage. In mature paleosols, 

the Coprinisphaera ichnofacies has moderate 

to relatively high trace fossil diversity and 

high abundance. Ethologically, this assemblage 

is dominated by nesting traces (calichnia) and 

exhibits a relatively complex tiering pattern, reflecting 

variable depths of emplacement of hymenopterous, 

termite, and dung beetle nests. 

Common components include the bee cells Celliforma, 

Uruguay, Ellipsoideichnus, Palmiraichnus, 

and Rosellichnus; the wasp nest Chubutolithes; 

the ant traces Attaichnus and Parowanichnus, 

and other beetle traces, such as 

Monesichnus, Fontanai, and Teisseirei. Termite 

nests may occur, but are less common components 

of the Coprinisphaera ichnofacies. 

The Coprinisphaera ichnofacies fulfills all the 

requirements to qualify as a Seilacherian or archetypal 

ichnofacies, namely recurrence in time 

and space, and distinct paleoenvironmental implications. 

Proposal of the Coprinisphaera 

ichnofacies is based on the analysis of twentyeight 

cases, ranging from the? Late Cretaceous to 

the Recent. The Coprinisphaera chnofacies 

characterizes paleosols developed in paleoecosystems 

of herbaceous communities. These herbaceous 

communities range from dry-and-cold to 

humid-and-warm climates. More detailed paleoclimatological 

inferences can be obtained by 

evaluating the relative abundance of the various 

traces within the assemblage. A dominance of 

hymenopterous traces would indicate drier conditions, 

whereas the presence of termite nests 

would indicate more humid. The Coprinisphaera 

ichnofacies occurs in paleosols developed in 

various depositional systems subject to subaerial 

exposure, such as alluvial plains, desiccated 

floodplains, crevasse splays, levees, abandoned 

point bars, and vegetated eolian environments. 

This and other potential terrestrial ichnofacies 

are controlled by ecological parameters (e.g., 

vegetation, climate, and soil) rather than by depositional 

processes. The association of fossil 

insect nests indicates the extent of soil development 

and, consequently, such ichnofossils are 

one of the best indicators of paleosols. 

The previously proposed Termitichnus ichnofacies 

was defined to include all paleosol trace 

fossil assemblages. However, the available information 

indicates that terrestrial environments 

are far more complex. Therefore, it is suggested 

12

that the Termitichnus ichnofacies as presently 

defined be abandoned because it does not reflect 

the diversity of paleosol settings and fails to provide 

significant paleoecologic information. Formal 

definition of a Termitichnus ichnofacies in a 

more restricted sense, to include assemblages 

dominated by termite nests in paleosols of closed 

forest ecosystems, should await documentation 

of additional studies to prove recurrence. Other 

fossil insect-nest associations in paleosols (e.g., 

halictid nests in calcareous soils) do not have 

enough recurrence in time and space to be considered 

Seilacherian ichnofacies, but do represent 

potential ichnofacies. The model proposed 

in this paper includes the paleoecologically defined 

Coprinisphaera ichnofacies plus a definite 

number of associations, each one possessing its 

own paleoenvironmental implications, which do 

not show the necessary recurrence to be considered 

ichnofacies, at present. Climate and vegetation 

are considered key factors in the shaping of 

terrestrial ecosystems and should be taken into 

account for the definition of additional terrestrial 

ichnofacies. 

2006040041 

贵州丹寨南皋地区中寒武统甲劳组的遗迹化 

石 = Trace fossils from the Middle Cambrian 

Jialao Formation at Nangao Town, Danzhai 

County, Guizhou Province, China. ( 中文 ). 王约 ; 

张海军 ; 杨晓刚 ; 李尚林 ; 王清山 . 地质通 

报 , 2006, 25(4): 475-481 1 图版 . 

贵州丹寨南皋是中国南方寒武系典型地层 

剖面的地区之一。描述了产自中寒武统甲劳 

组的遗迹化石 Chondrites ichnosp., Beaconichnus 

jiaolaoensis (nov. ichnosp.), Bifungites 

ichnosp., Diplichnites danzhaiensis 

( nov. ichnosp.), Monomor-phichnus taenia 

( nov. ichnosp. ) , Palaeophycus tubularis, 

Phycodes pedum, Teichichnus rectus, T. 

palrnatuo。对 Beaconichnus Gevoers, 1973 和 

Qipanshanichnus Luo et Tao,1994 进行了对比 

研究。认为这 2 个遗迹属为同一遗迹的不同 

部位。为同义名。甲劳组的遗迹化石组合属 

Seilacher ( 1964 , 1967 ) 的 Cruziana 遗迹 

相 , 其沉积环境应为浪基面之下水动能中等 

的正常浅海环境。 

2006040042 

苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组滨浅湖沉积 

中的遗迹化石 = Trace fossils of shore-shallow 

lacustrine Dainan Formation (Paleogene) in 

Gaoyou Sag, Subei Basin, Jiangsu Province. ( 中 

文 ). 张喜林 ; 朱筱敏 ; 郭长敏 ; 杨俊生 ; 王玉秀 . 沉 

积学报 , 2006, 24(1): 81-89 2 图版 . 

苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组滨浅湖沉 

积中动物遗迹化石共鉴定出 6 个遗迹属 8 个 

遗迹种 , 其中 1 个为未定种。包括 Taenidium 

barretti 、 Taenidium satanassi 、 Beaconites 

coronus 、 Cystichnum curvativum 、 

Palaeophycus isp. 、 Planolires montanus 、 

Skolithos verticalis 和 Skolithos linearis 等。这 

些遗迹化石主要是无脊椎动物的进食迹和居 

住迹 , 呈全浮痕或半浮痕保存。根据组合特 

征及沉积环境分析 , 可识别出两个遗迹化石 

组合 :1)Taenidium-Beaconites 遗迹组合 , 主 

要由具新月型回填纹构造的进食迹组成 , 反 

映了周期性干旱气候条件下的滨浅湖沉积环 

境 ;2)Skolithos linearis 遗迹组合 , 主要由居 

住潜穴组成 , 代表了三角洲平原 - 前缘沉积环 

境。生物扰动根据扰动特点 , 可分为三种类 

型 , 即 1) 均一型 , 反映了湖平面缓慢上升 

之后较长时间保持稳定 ;2) 增强型 , 反映了 

湖平面整体稳定条件下的小幅度快速上升 , 

然后保持稳定和缓慢下降 ;3) 复合型 , 反映 

了湖平面先缓慢上升 , 然后缓慢下降。三角 

洲平原 - 前缘分支河道沉积序列中遗迹化石的 

类型、丰度、分异度和扰动指数垂向上呈规 

律性的变化 , 结合其沉积学特征分析 , 可分 

为四个沉积单元 , 每个沉积单元的内部物理 

成因构造和生物成因构造明显不同。 

2006040043 

济阳坳陷东营凹陷古近纪 Paleodictyon 遗迹 

化石的发现 = Discovery of Paleogene Paleodictyon 

trace fossil in Dongying sag, Jiyang depression. 

( 中文 ). 袁文芳 ; 陈世悦 . in: 杨勇 . 地学与 

资源研究新进展 . . Pages: 241(195-202). 中国石 

油大学出版社 . 2006. 7-5636-2235-7. 

在东营凹陷沙河街组四段上亚段的陆相浊 

流沉积中发现了 Paleodictyon 遗迹化石 , 其 

形态特征几乎可以和深海分子相媲美 , 并且 

在该遗迹化石的围岩中还发现了可以指示海 

侵发生的甲藻甾烷分子化石 , 说明研究区在 

古近纪曾受到过海水波及或一度与海洋连 

通 , 这不仅为争论了 20 多年的 “ 渤海湾盆地 

古近纪是否发生过海侵 ” 问题的解决找到了 

突破口 , 同时对油气勘探方向也具有指导意 

义。 

2006040044 

塔里木盆地晚泥盆世东河塘组河口湾相遗迹 

化石 = Trace fossils from estuarine facies of 

donghetang Formation (Upper Devonian), Tarim 

Basin. ( 中文 ). 齐永安 ; 李凯琦 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(2): 277-283 1 图版 . 

河口湾具有特定的环境条件和沉积组成 , 

其遗迹化石具有半咸水沉积的遗迹群落特 

征。描述和分析塔里木盆地塔中 4 井区上泥 

盆统东河塘组河口湾沉积中的遗迹化石和生 

物扰动构造后 , 发现 3 类遗迹组构 , 其中 

13

Ophiomorpha 遗迹组构发育在纯净砂岩中 , 

与河口湾潮汐砂坝有关 ;Skolithos 遗迹组构 

发育在薄层砂岩中 , 与河口湾砂坪有关 ; 

Palaeophycus 遗迹组构发育在泥岩中 , 与河 

口湾泥坪、砂泥坪有关。 

分子古生物学 

2006040045 

基于核糖体 DNA 的有孔虫属 Uvigerina 的分 

子演化序列 = Molecular phylogeny of the foraminiferal 

genus Uvigerina based on ribosomal 

DNA sequences. ( 英文 ). Schweizer M; Pawlowski 

J; Duijnstee I A P; Kouwenhoven T J; 

Zwaan G J. Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 

57(3-4): 51-67 

Uvigerina is a common genus of benthic foraminifera, 

often used as a proxy for paleoclimate 

and paleoenvironment reconstructions. 

Better understanding of the phylogeny of 

Uvigerina would improve its proxy value and 

would allow us to check whether its different 

morphospecies are real species or ecophenotypes 

only. Here, we used partial small-subunit ribosomal 

DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences to examine 

the phylogenetic relationships within Uvigerina 

and between this genus and other rotaliids. Our 

analyses show that the family Uvigerinidae 

forms a well supported clade branching as a sister 

group to Bolivinidae and Cassidulinidae. 

Studied individuals of Uvigerinidae include 

three species described as Uvigerina – U. 

mediterranea, U. elongatastriata and U. peregrina 

– as well as Rectuvigerina phlegeri and 

Trifarina earlandi. As U. peregrina is more 

closely related to R. phlegeri and T. earlandi 

than to the other two Uvigerina, the taxonomic 

status of these species needs to be revised. At the 

intraspecific level, we studied a morphologically 

highly variable population of U. peregrina from 

the Oslo Fjord. For the sequences obtained from 

this population of U. peregrina, we found almost 

no divergence inside the internal transcribed 

spacer (ITS), which is the most variable part of 

ribosomal DNA. This indicates a high morphological 

plasticity of Uvigerina species, which 

should be taken into consideration when using 

this genus as a proxy in paleoecological reconstructions. 

2006040046 

基于单细胞 PCR 扩增分析 18S rDNA 序列的 

小型单体 phaeodarians( 放射虫 ) 的分枝序 

列 = Phylogenetic position of the small solitary 

phaeodarians (Radiolaria) based on 18S rDNA 

sequences by single cell PCR analysis. ( 英文 ). 

Yuasa T; Takahashi O; Dolven J K; Mayama S; 

Matsuoka A; Honda D; Bjørklund K R. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2006, 59(2): 104-114 

Within the holoplanktonic protists group Radiolaria, 

the Class Phaeodarea is today represented 

by several hundreds species. The phaeodarian 

skeletons consist of opaline silica as well 

as organic matter and are very fragile and vulnerable 

to dissolution. Their tests are therefore 

rarely found in the fossil records; this has caused 

uncertainty with regard to their phylogenetic 

evolution. In this study, small, solitary phaeodarian 

species, namely, Protocystis xiphodon 

(Haeckel), Challengeron diodon Haeckel and 

Conchellium capsula Borgert were examined 

using molecular techniques in order to clarify the 

phylogenetic position of the Phaeodarea. The 

phylogenetic trees obtained from the neighborjoining, 

maximum-parsimony and maximumlikelihood 

methods of analysis showed that all 

phaeodarians formed a monophyletic group 

within the Phylum Cercozoa. This result contradicts 

Haeckel's classical taxonomy, wherein the 

phaeodarians were grouped along with the polycystines, 

i.e., nassellarians and spumellarians, 

and the acantharians under the common name 

“Radiolaria”. Within the cercozoan clade, the 

Phaeodarea were closely related to the euglyphid 

and pseudodifflugid testate amoebae and the 

desmothoracid heliozoans. The tests and skeletons 

of both the phaeodarians and the euglyphid 

testate amoebae resemble each other in their 

chemical composition and construction. The 

similarities in the morphologic features may 

suggest that they are sisters as the Phylum Cercozoa 

in which leading from molecular methods. 

2006040047 

基于 SSU rDNA 序列的疑难超微浮游生物 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii 的亲缘关系 = 

Phylogenetic affinities of an enigmatic nannoplankton, 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii based on 

the SSU rDNA sequences. ( 英文 ). Takano Y; 

Hagino K; Tanaka Y; Horiguchi T; Okada H. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 60(2): 145- 

156 

The phylogenetic position of an enigmatic 

calcareous nannoplankton Braarudosphaera 

bigelowii, whose taxonomic position has long 

been questioned, was investigated using molecular 

genetic methods. The SSU rDNA sequences 

of B. bigelowii were obtained using a single cell 

PCR technique independently from two single 

cells isolated from field samples. A BLAST 

search revealed that the SSU rDNA of B. bigelowii 

was most similar to those of the division 

Haptophyta. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses 

showed that B. bigelowii was included in a clade 

comprising members of the orders Isochrysidales 

and Coccolithales, the genus Chrysoculter and 

two unidentified haptophytes. Morphometric 

measurements of extant B. bigelowii populations 

were made to obtain precise information on their 

14

intraspecific size variation. The results showed 

that these populations could be subdivided into a 

small form (< 2.4 μm), an intermediate form A 

(4.0 – 5.3 μ m), and an intermediate form B 

(5.3–7.2 μm), although the borders of the latter 

two forms overlapped. The SSU rDNA sequences 

showed the presence of 10-bp substitutions 

plus six insertions/deletions between 

specimens of intermediate forms A and B. The 

levels of DNA variation between them suggested 

that these two forms are genetically distinct from 

each other. 

2006040048 

与连续微化石记录重新核准的真核生物演化 

分子时间表 = A molecular time-scale for eukaryote 

evolution recalibrated with the continuous 

microfossil record. ( 英文 ). Berney C; Pawlowski 

J. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 

Biological Sciences, 2006, 273(1596): 1867 - 

1872 

Recent attempts to establish a molecular timescale 

of eukaryote evolution failed to provide a 

congruent view on the timing of the origin and 

early diversification of eukaryotes. The major 

discrepancies in molecular time estimates are 

related to questions concerning the calibration of 

the tree. To limit these uncertainties, we used 

here as a source of calibration points the rich and 

continuous microfossil record of dinoflagellates, 

diatoms and coccolithophorids. We calibrated a 

small-subunit ribosomal RNA tree of eukaryotes 

with four maximum and 22 minimum time constraints. 

Using these multiple calibration points 

in a Bayesian relaxed molecular clock framework, 

we inferred that the early radiation of eukaryotes 

occurred near the Mesoproterozoic– 

Neoproterozoic boundary, about 1100 million 

years ago. Our results indicate that most Proterozoic 

fossils of possible eukaryotic origin 

cannot be confidently assigned to extant lineages 

and should therefore not be used as calibration 

points in molecular dating. 

古生态学 

2006040049 

无花果树 — 黄蜂共生现象中协同演化的 6 千 

万年 = 60 million years of co-divergence in the 

fig – wasp symbiosis. ( 英文 ). Rønsted N; 

Weiblen G D; Cook J M; Salamin N; Machado 

C A, Savolainen V. Proceedings of the Royal 

Society B: Biological Sciences, 2005, 272(1581): 

2593 - 2599 

Figs (Ficus; ca 750 species) and fig wasps 

(Agaoninae) are obligate mutualists: all figs are 

pollinated by agaonines that feed exclusively on 

figs. This extraordinary symbiosis is the most 

extreme example of specialization in a plant– 

pollinator interaction and has fuelled much 

speculation about co-divergence. The hypothesis 

that pollinator specialization led to the parallel 

diversification of fig and pollinator lineages (codivergence) 

has so far not been tested due to the 

lack of robust and comprehensive phylogenetic 

hypotheses for both partners. We produced and 

combined the most comprehensive molecular 

phylogenetic trees to date with fossil data to 

generate independent age estimates for fig and 

pollinator lineages, using both non-parametric 

rate smoothing and penalized likelihood dating 

methods. Molecular dating of ten pairs of interacting 

lineages provides an unparalleled example 

of plant–insect co-divergence over a geological 

time frame spanning at least 60 million years. 

2006040050 

日本白垩纪 Tetori 生物群及其对亚洲陆地生 

态系统的演化意义 = The Cretaceous Tetori 

biota in Japan and its evolutionary significance 

for terrestrial ecosystems in Asia. ( 英文 ). Matsukawa 

M;Ito M;Nishida N;Koarai K;Lockley 

M G;Nichols D J. Cretaceous Research, 2006, 

27(2): 199-225 

Cretaceous nonmarine deposits are widely distributed 

on the Asian continent and include various 

kinds of zoo- and phyto-assemblages. The 

Tetori Group is one of the most important Mesozoic 

terrestrial deposits in East Asia, and for this 

reason its geology, stratigraphy, and biota have 

been studied intensively by our group for more 

than a decade. We present the main results 

herein. 

We confirm that formations as lithostratigraphic 

units are the best geological correlation 

tools for the Tetori Group and the best tools for a 

geological mapping of the group. Although subgroups 

have previously been used for correlation, 

proper designation and evaluation of subgroups 

is required if they are to be used effectively, and 

we show that previous geological correlation of 

the Tetori Group has been confused by inappropriate 

definition of these subgroups. We located 

fossil localities including reported zoo- and 

phyto-assemblages in the framework of formations 

correlated by our stratigraphy. The occurrence 

of zoo-assemblages was probably controlled 

by environments (i.e., most are in situ), 

but phyto-assemblages were mostly transported 

and rapidly buried by high-energy river systems. 

Although two distinct dinosaur faunas and four 

floras have been named for the zoo- and phytoassemblages 

in the Tetori Group, in reality there 

is only one Tetori Dinosaur Fauna and one Tetori 

Flora, as proved by careful correlation. Two 

types of zoo-assemblages co-occur in the Tetori 

Group: vertebrate species whose ancestors flourished 

in the Jurassic (as found in China), and 

their descendants from the Late Cretaceous. As 

15

the latter modern type of assemblage is more 

abundant than the former, changeable environments 

at the continental margin probably accelerated 

evolution of more modern species. 

We can employ nonmarine molluscan species 

as geological correlation tools in some cases, i.e., 

when their taxon ranges are well-confirmed by 

independent evidence. However, because freshwater 

molluscan species and terrestrial vertebrate 

species had many opportunities to move to 

optimum habitat as environments changed 

through time on the Cretaceous Asian continent, 

their correlation potential is uncertain. Many 

nonmarine molluscan species from the Japanese 

and Chinese Cretaceous had their stratigraphic 

occurrences controlled by changing environments. 

2006040051 

基于食物网和能量流模型的东亚早白垩世陆 

地生态系统 = Early Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems 

in East Asia based on food-web and 

energy-flow models. ( 英文 ). Matsukawa 

M;Saiki K;Ito M;Obata I;Nichols D J;Lockley M 

G;Kukihar R J;Shibata K. Cretaceous Research, 

2006, 27(2): 285-307 

In recent years, there has been global interest 

in the environments and ecosystems around the 

world. It is helpful to reconstruct past environments 

and ecosystems to help understand them 

in the present and the future. The present environments 

and ecosystems are an evolving continuum 

with those of the past and the future. 

This paper demonstrates the contribution of geology 

and paleontology to such continua. 

Using fossils, we can make an estimation of 

past population density as an ecosystem index 

based on food-web and energy-flow models. 

Late Mesozoic nonmarine deposits are distributed 

widely on the eastern Asian continent and 

contain various kinds of fossils such as fishes, 

amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs, mammals, bivalves, 

gastropods, insects, ostracodes, conchostracans, 

terrestrial plants, and others. These 

fossil organisms are useful for late Mesozoic 

terrestrial ecosystem reconstruction using foodweb 

and energy-flow models. We chose Early 

Cretaceous fluvio-lacustrine basins in the Choyr 

area, southeastern Mongolia, and the Tetori area, 

Japan, for these analyses and as a potential 

model for reconstruction of other similar basins 

in East Asia. The food-web models are restored 

based on taxa that occurred in these basins. They 

form four or five trophic levels in an energy 

pyramid consisting of rich primary producers at 

its base and smaller biotas higher in the food 

web. This is the general energy pyramid of a 

typical ecosystem. Concerning the population 

densities of vertebrate taxa in 1 km 2 in these 

basins, some differences are recognized between 

Early Cretaceous and the present. For example, 

Cretaceous estimates suggest 2.3 to 4.8 times as 

many herbivores and 26.0 to 105.5 times the 

carnivore population. These differences are useful 

for the evaluation of past population densities 

of vertebrate taxa. Such differences may also be 

caused by the different metabolism of different 

taxa. Preservation may also be a factor, and we 

recognize that various problems occur in past 

ecosystem reconstructions. 

Counts of small numbers of confirmed species 

and estimates of maximum numbers of species 

present in the basin are used for the analysis and 

estimation of energy flow. This approach applies 

the methods of modern ecosystem analysis. 

2006040052 

尤他州中部 K-T 界线之前环境变化的动物群 

意义 = Faunal implications of an environmental 

change before the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) 

transition in central Utah. ( 英文 ). Difley 

R;Ekdale A A. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 

23(3): 315-331 

The North Horn Formation at North Horn 

Mountain in central Utah records a shift in the 

composition of the upper Maastrichtian vertebrate 

fossil assemblage below the Cretaceous- 

Tertiary (K-T) boundary. Dinosaurs (Alamosaurus,Tyrannosaurus 

, Torosaurus, and hadrosaurs), 

turtles (Basilemys), mammals, and lizards(Polyglyphanodon 

) occur in the lowest unit 

of the formation. The environment changed from 

semi-arid to wetter conditions, and several of the 

mostly terrestrial vertebrate taxa no longer appeared 

in the type area. Several taxa that dominated 

the vertebrate assemblage low in the formation 

are replaced in the succeeding unit below 

the K-T boundary by different dinosaur taxa that 

are represented by eggshells. This altered vertebrate 

assemblage was more tolerant of, or was 

adapted to, wetter conditions, but it, too, disappeared 

at the type locality by the end of the Cretaceous. 

This wetland dinosaur assemblage is not 

identical to that found in semi-arid dinosaur assemblages 

or to dinosaur assemblages in other 

K-T boundary sites that represent different paleolatitudes. 

Most of the faunas in the succeeding 

unit are represented by aquatic forms (crocodilians, 

turtles, fish, mollusks, and ostracods) which 

persisted after the dinosaurs disappeared. There 

appears to be no current tectonic or biostratigraphic 

reason to conclude that a significant 

stratigraphic gap exists immediately below the 

K-T boundary in the North Horn Formation in 

central Utah. 

2006040053 

16

Kerguelen 高原塞诺曼期 - 土伦期古海洋学变 

化 : 与北半球记录的对比 = Cenomanian– 

Turonian palaeoceanographic change on the 

Kerguelen Plateau: a comparison with Northern 

Hemisphere records. ( 英文 ). Holbourn A;Kuhnt 

W. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 23(3): 333-349 

Recent drilling on the Kerguelen Plateau 

(Ocean Drilling Program Leg 183) has provided 

a unique and exciting high latitude record of 

palaeoceanographic change during the Cenomanian–Turonian 

in the Southern Ocean. The benthic 

foraminiferal succession at Site 1138 records 

the evolution of the Kerguelen Plateau 

from a subaerially exposed platform in the 

Cenomanian to a bathyal, pelagic environment in 

the early Turonian, following a major transgressive 

pulse and increased thermal subsidence of 

the Kerguelen Plateau, which led to a sea-level 

rise of possibly several hundred metres. Diversified 

benthic foraminiferal assemblages indicate 

an upper bathyal, mesotrophic setting after the 

peak of the transgression. The assemblages exhibit 

strong similarities to temperate, shelf and 

slope assemblages in the Northern Hemisphere. 

This bimodal distribution reflects the existence 

of open oceanic gateways and a dynamic transhemispheric 

global circulation. Equatorial assemblages 

are characterized by a low-diversity, 

high carbon flux biofacies. Assemblages from 

Alaska demonstrate high organic productivity 

and low oxygen conditions and the prevalence of 

elevated temperatures on the flooded shelf of the 

North Slope. Our results show that the distribution 

of upper bathyal benthic foraminifera was 

strongly modulated by carbon flux and oxygenation 

fluctuations, and not by physical migration 

barriers. 

2006040054 

突尼斯西北部 Oued Mellegue 地区塞诺曼阶 - 

土伦阶界线事件的地层学和古海洋学 = 

Stratigraphy and palaeoceanography of the 

Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event in Oued 

Mellegue, north-western Tunisia. ( 英文 ). Nederbragt 

A J; Fiorentino A. Cretaceous Research, 

1999, 20(1): 47-62 

An expanded Cenomanian-Turonian section 

along Oued Mellegue in north-western Tunisia 

provides a high-resolution record of the latest 

Cenomanian Oceanic Anoxic Event in an upper 

bathyal, pelagic to hemipelagic environment. A 

rapid >2|Pg positive excursion in |MD 13 C starts 

at the base of the organic-rich Bahloul Formation, 

which represents the Cenomanian-Turonian 

Boundary Event (CTBE) in Tunisia. The transition 

to a dysaerobic environment at the sea floor, 

as well as hostile conditions in the subsurface 

waters, was abrupt. Evolutionary turnover in 

planktonic foraminiferal faunas in the lowermost 

part of the CTBE, including the extinction ofRotalipora, 

is estimated to have lasted little more 

than 50 ka. Maximum anoxic conditions are expressed 

higher in the section, representing surface-water 

conditions in which only small globular 

planktonic foraminifera were thriving. 

Nannofossils do not show as major an evolutionary 

change as planktonic foraminifera, but assemblage 

diversity is very low within the CTBE 

sediments, which is attributed to a combination 

of hostile conditions and dissolution during 

deposition. A decrease in abundance of high 

productivity indicators among the nannofossils 

could be real, or the result of dissolution. Overall, 

calcareous microfossils do not show evidence 

for a major increase in primary productivity during 

the CTBE. Sediment accumulation rates immediately 

after the CTBE in the Oued Mellegue 

area were much lower than further to the south 

on the palaeoshelf. This is consistent with a major 

sea-level highstand during which clastic 

sediments were trapped on the shelf. The sequence 

above the Bahloul Formation shows a 

gradual relaxation of hostile oceanic conditions, 

with diversification of planktonic foraminiferal 

and nannofossil populations. 

2006040055 

底栖有孔虫 Haynesina germanica 对底栖硅 

藻 Pleurosigma angulatum 的胞外碎裂及内含 

物移出 = Extracellular cracking and content 

removal of the benthic diatom Pleurosigma 

angulatum (Quekett) by the benthic foraminifera 

Haynesina germanica (Ehrenberg). ( 英文 ). Austin 

H A; Austin W E N; Paterson D M. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2005, 57(3-4): 68-73 

Field-collected living specimens of the benthic 

foraminifera Haynesina germanica were 

maintained in the laboratory and fed a naturally 

occurring motile benthic diatom assemblage 

dominated by Pleurosigma angulatum. The extracellular 

removal of diatom contents was inferred 

for P. angulatum in controlled experiments. 

A characteristic pattern of fracturing of 

the diatom frustule was observed that was directly 

attributed to foraminiferal feeding/sequestration 

mechanisms. These feeding/sequestration 

mechanisms have a potentially 

important bearing on our understanding of foraminiferal 

aperture morphology, foraminiferal 

evolution and the preservation of diatoms in marine 

sediments. Recognition of this characteristic 

breakage pattern of diatom frustules may provide 

insight into the natural importance of foraminifera 

in grazing diatom biofilms. 

2006040056 

17

格陵兰海西南部利用有孔虫对甲烷引起的早 

期成岩作用的测试 = Methane-induced early 

diagenesis of foraminiferal tests in the southwestern 

Greenland Sea. ( 英文 ). Millo C; Sarnthein 

M; Erlenkeuser H; Grootes P M; Andersen 

N. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 58(1): 1- 

12 2 图版 . 

Planktic and epibenthic foraminiferal δ 13 C 

records at Site PS62/015-3 (southwestern 

Greenland Sea) reveal a series of transient events 

of extreme 13 C depletion down to − 6‰ during 

the period 90–40 ka. Scanning electron microscope 

studies of the ultrastructures of foraminiferal 

tests suggest that 13 C depleted specimens are 

affected by some 10 – 20% overgrowth by 

authigenic calcite contributing to the light δ 13 C 

signal. Incremental-leaching experiments and 

census counts of pristine versus overgrowthaffected 

specimens show that the 13 C depleted 

foraminiferal tests incorporate a primary δ 13 C 

signature most likely ranging from + 1 ‰ to 

− 1.7‰ and a post-depositional δ 13 C signature 

around − 17‰ to − 19.5‰. Extremely low values 

of productivity and organic carbon in Late 

Quaternary sediments along the east Greenland 

margin preclude organic matter as potential 

source of the isotopically light carbon. In contrast, 

thermal instability of clathrates and subsequent 

aerobic oxidation of (highly 12 C enriched) 

methane in pore and ocean water provide a compelling 

mechanism to account for the negative 

δ 13 C excursions of both primary and postdepositional 

carbonates. Here, pore water methane 

may have led to a supersaturation of 13 C 

depleted bicarbonate and precipitation of isotopically 

light authigenic calcite on and in foraminiferal 

tests, a feature that may serve as a 

tracer to former sites of clathrate destabilization. 

2006040057 

第四纪晚期环境变化对红海地区深海底栖有 

孔虫动物群的影响 = Impact of late Quaternary 

environmental changes on deep-sea benthic foraminiferal 

faunas of the Red Sea. ( 英文 ). 

Amani Badawi A; Schmiedl G; Hemleben C. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 58(1): 13-30 

Fluctuations in abundance, diversity and species 

composition of benthic foraminifera from 

two sites of the northern and southern Red Sea 

indicate strong variability of deep-sea ecosystems 

during the last four glacial to interglacial 

cycles. In total, five and four different benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages have been identified 

in the northern core and southern core, respectively. 

Comparison with recent faunas from the 

Red Sea and adjacent oceans allowed the reconstruction 

of temporal changes in deep-water ventilation, 

salinity and food availability at the seafloor. 

Generally, the abundance of infaunal and 

miliolid taxa increase during glacial intervals 

indicating increased organic matter fluxes, oxygen 

decrease and salinity increase in deep waters 

during these times. These fluctuations are attributed 

to enhanced oxygen consumption rates and 

temporarily reduced deep-water formation in the 

northern Red Sea during glacial intervals. The 

recorded environmental changes are a reflection 

of both high- and low-latitude climate changes. 

The northern Red Sea is mainly influenced by 

glacio-eustatic sea level fluctuations that control 

deep-water formation rates and by mid-latitude 

climate changes of the Mediterranean region that 

control surface productivity. In contrast, deepsea 

ecosystem variability of the southern Red 

Sea is additionally influenced by low-latitude 

climate changes attributed to the NE monsoon 

intensity that drives the inflow of nutrient-rich 

surface waters from the Gulf of Aden. These 

results demonstrate the high sensitivity of deepsea 

ecosystems of the Red Sea to both global and 

regional climate changes. 

2006040058 

南极维多利亚陆相盆地始新世 - 渐新世古生态 

及硅藻属 Kisseleviella Sheshukova- 

Poretskaya = Eocene–Oligocene paleoecology 

and the diatom genus Kisseleviella Sheshukova- 

Poretskaya from the Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica. 

( 英文 ). Olney M P; Scherer R P; Bohaty 

S M; Harwood D M. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 58(1): 56-72 5 图版 . 

The Cape Roberts Project (CRP) recovered a 

composite Eocene to lower Miocene stratigraphic 

sequence from the Victoria Land Basin, 

Antarctica, which includes four new species, 

described herein, of the biostratigraphically useful 

fossil marine diatom genus Kisseleviella. 

Specimens of this extinct genus occur predominantly 

in neritic sediments, which along with the 

chain-forming nature and morphological similarity 

to extant benthic genera (e.g. Cymatosira) 

suggest that Kisseleviella was tychopelagic. The 

species of Kisseleviella described here appear to 

be endemic to the Antarctic region with an ecological 

preference for nearshore environments. 

The polythermal, subpolar glacial regime invoked 

for the late Eocene–early Miocene may 

have acted as a significant driver of speciation 

events in Antarctic Kisseleviella. Phylogenetic 

analysis of fossil genera such as Kisseleviella 

allows the development of a neritic biostratigraphic 

zonation. New taxa formally proposed 

are: Kisseleviella tricoronata, Kisseleviella cicatricata, 

Kisseleviella gaster and Kisseleviella 

faballiforma. 

2006040059 

18

印度 - 太平洋暖池气候变化及海陆相互作用 : 

帝汶海 4 万 6 千年以来的孢型和有机地球化 

学记录 = Climate variability and land–ocean 

interactions in the Indo Pacific Warm Pool: A 

460-ka palynological and organic geochemical 

record from the Timor Sea. ( 英文 ). Kawamura H; 

Holbourn A; Kuhnt W. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(1): 1-14 

Climatic conditions in the western Timor Sea 

and the adjacent northwestern part of Australia 

are reconstructed for the last 460 ka, based on 

geochemical and palynological proxy records of 

paleoproductivity and land vegetation (precipitation) 

from IMAGES Core MD01-2378. Reduced 

precipitation and elevated productivity characterize 

glacial stages, whereas enhanced precipitation 

and reduced productivity are typical of 

interglacial stages. A long-term reduction in precipitation 

over the last 320 ka occurred in two 

steps at approximately 300 ka and 180 ka BP 

that are clearly recognizable in the pollen record. 

Variations in paleoproductivity and paleoclimate 

in the Timor Sea and adjacent landmasses appear 

to be driven by similar mechanisms that are related 

to the precession-controlled Australian 

monsoon system. 

2006040060 

亚种 Coccolithus pelagicus pelagicus 与亚种 

Coccolithus pelagicus braarudii 的比较 : 最 

近 20 万年以来亚北极大西洋表层水与伊比利 

亚隔离的证据 = Coccolithus pelagicus subsp. 

pelagicus versus Coccolithus pelagicus subsp. 

braarudii (Coccolithophore, Haptophyta): A 

proxy for surface subarctic Atlantic waters off 

Iberia during the last 200 kyr. ( 英文 ). Narciso A; 

Mario Cachão M; Abreu L. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(1): 15-34 

A Multivariate Morphon Analysis (MMA) of 

Coccolithus pelagicus (s. l.) coccoliths was performed 

on 178 samples from an oceanic core 

recovered off the Portuguese margin (MD95- 

2040), in order to define the morphometric 

boundaries of its morphotypes and their behaviour 

during the last two glacial cycles. The recurrent 

occurrence of the smaller morphotype of 

this taxon, C. pelagicus subsp. pelagicus, was 

recognized for the first time off the Portuguese 

coast. Three sections, around Heinrich Layers 1 

and 6 and Termination II-Eemian, were selected 

to establish high resolution comparisons between 

C. pelagicus subsp. pelagicus and C. pelagicus 

subsp. braarudii and two independent proxies 

for cold water masses: the records of the planktonic 

foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma 

(sinistral) and ice-rafted detritus (IRD). 

There is an overall negative correlation between 

C. pelagicus subsp. pelagicus and C. pelagicus 

subsp. braarudii as expressed by MMA Factor 1, 

the scores of which respond similarly to those of 

two non-cocolithophore proxies and consequently, 

is proposed as a calcareous nannoplankton 

proxy for the influence of subpolar waters in 

the region. Detailed analysis, however, showed 

occasional decoupling amongst these three proxies, 

which are used to highlight significant 

changes between the cooling – warming sequences 

of distinct events off Iberia. 

2006040061 

跟踪全新世晚期伊比利亚西北部上升流系统 

的演化 = Tracing the late Holocene evolution of 

the NW Iberian upwelling system. ( 英文 ). Martins 

V; Jouanneau J; Weber O; Fernando Rocha 

F. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 59(1): 35- 

55 

This work analyses data from the OMEX core 

KSGX 40 (164-cm long) collected in the Galicia 

Mud Deposit, from the NW Iberian outer continental 

shelf, off the Ria de Vigo (North Spain). 

Sediment grain-size and benthic foraminifera 

distribution patterns indicate a number of substantial 

changes in sedimentation and also 

food/oxygen availability to the benthic ecosystem 

during the last 4.8 ka cal BP. Cluster analysis 

(Q-mode and R-mode) based on the most 

abundant taxa was used to recognize similarities 

within the data set. Three main clusters were 

established by Q-mode cluster analysis. The species 

distribution pattern of two of these three 

clusters is clearly related with changes in texture 

of the sediments. Textural data and benthic foraminifera 

proxies suggest that between 4.8 and 

2.2 ka cal BP there was a period of higher hydrodynamism, 

with more energetic oceanic currents 

associated with shelf mixed waters. The 

period since 2.2 ka cal BP until present was 

characterized by generally lower bottom energetic 

conditions and by a supply of finer sediment, 

which was richer in organic matter leading 

to more eutrophic conditions in the benthic environment, 

mainly between 2.2 and 1.2 ka cal BP 

and since 0.5 ka cal BP until the present. Eutrophication 

was probably determined by strong 

water column stratified conditions and by coastal 

upwelling-dominated depositional intervals 

and/or by higher lateral flux of organic carbon. 

Since the upwelling increasing periods are in 

general due the intensification of northerly 

winds, both most productive upwellingdominated 

periods may be attributed to climatic/oceanographic 

induced changes during the 

Sub-Atlantic climate. Small sea levels oscillations 

also should contribute to these results. Eutrophication 

since the end of Little Ice Age may 

be related to human influence in coastal areas. 

2006040062 

19

全新世 Pulleniatina 最小化事件的回顾 : 来自 

冲绳海槽和 Kuroshio 暖流上游的地球化学和 

生物区系证据 = The Holocene Pulleniatina 

Minimum Event revisited: Geochemical and 

faunal evidence from the Okinawa Trough and 

upper reaches of the Kuroshio current. ( 英文 ). 

Lin Y; Wei K; Lin I; Yu P; Chiang H; Chen C; 

Shen C; Mii H; Chen Y. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(3-4): 153-170 

The Holocene Pulleniatina Minimum Event 

(PME) is characterized by a very low abundance 

of the planktonic foraminifer Pulleniatina 

obliquiloculata between 4.5 and 3 ka. The PME 

occurs widely in the Okinawa Trough and the 

South China Sea, and can be correlated throughout 

this area; it has been related to variability in 

the Kuroshio current. To further explore the nature 

of the PME, we studied cores obtained from 

the southern Okinawa Trough and the upper 

reaches of the Kuroshio current. Faunal census 

data indicate that all cores record the PME between 

4.5 and 3 ka. The relative abundance of 

Neogloboquadrina dutertrei is negatively correlated 

to that of P. obliquiloculata in the southern 

Okinawa Trough, but not in the sites at the upper 

reaches. Mg/Ca and δ 18 O measurements on 

Globigerinoides ruber shells from the southern 

Okinawa Trough indicate that there was no 

change in sea surface temperature or sea surface 

salinity during the PME. The vertical structure 

of the water column as reconstructed by multispecies 

δ 18 O and δ 13 C profiles shows no consistent 

anomalies in the southern Okinawa 

Trough and western Philippine Sea during the 

PME. These observations suggest that: (1) the 

PME was not restricted to marginal seas, but 

widespread in the western North Pacific. (2) The 

high abundance of N. dutertrei during the PME 

in the Okinawa Trough may be a result of higher 

food-availability in the absence of P. obliquiloculata. 

(3) No distinctive, consistent anomalies 

in the paleoceanographic proxies are associated 

with the PME, implying there were no changes 

in hydrography and productivity. The absence of 

a linkage between faunal variation and paleoceanographic 

proxies indicates that we do not 

yet understand what causes changes in planktonic 

foraminiferal assemblages. This lack of 

understanding implies that we cannot always 

trust fauna-based paleothermometry at millennial 

timescales. 

2006040063 

第四纪晚期以千年为单位索马里深海文石保 

存的变化 = Late Quaternary millennial-scale 

variability in pelagic aragonite preservation of 

Somalia. ( 英文 ). Klöcker R; Ganssen G; Jung S 

J A; Kroon D; Henrich R. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(3-4): 171-183 

In order to better understand Late Quaternary 

pelagic aragonite preservation in the western 

Arabian Sea we have investigated a highresolution 

sediment core 905 off Somalia. Pteropod 

preservation is enhanced in times of reduced 

monsoon-driven productivity, indicated by low 

amounts of C org and low barium to aluminium 

(Ba/Al) ratios. All periods corresponding to 

Heinrich events in the North Atlantic are represented 

by maxima in shell preservation of the 

common pteropod Limacina inflata (LDX values 

< 2, except for H5-equivalent with a poorer 

shell preservation, LDX > 2.66). Good shell 

preservation is also found during stadials at 

52.1 – 53.2, 36, 33.2, and 31.9 ka. Relative 

abundance of pteropods and their fragments in 

the coarse fraction reaches maxima during Marine 

Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.2, during timeequivalents 

of Heinrich events 4–6 and in stadials 

at 53, 42.5, and 41.4 ka. 

On longer time scales, the pteropod abundance 

corresponds to the ‘Indo-Pacific carbonate 

preservation type’ with poor preservation 

during interglacials and better preservation during 

glacials. Late MIS 5 to early MIS 4 sections 

(84.1–64.8 ka) and the Late Holocene interval 

(6.5–0 ka) of core 905 contain only traces of 

pteropods. The early Holocene (9.2 – 6.5 ka) 

part is characterized by low pteropod amounts. 

Between 64.8 and 43.4 ka strong fluctuations 

occur and an intermediate average relative pteropod 

abundance is revealed. Between 43.4 and 

9.2 ka the highest amounts in relative pteropod 

abundance in core 905 are observed. Besides the 

regional monsoonal influence on deepwater 

chemistry, changes in deepwater circulation occurring 

on glacial/interglacial and stadial/interstadial 

time scales might have affected 

pteropod preservation. However, it remains elusive 

whether 1) deep water formation in the 

Arabian Sea, 2) inflow of Glacial North Atlantic 

Intermediate Water or 3) change in water mass 

properties of the Circumpolar Deep Water 

(which is the water mass currently bathing this 

site) contributed to the observed pteropod preservation 

pattern. 

2006040064 

突尼斯 Danian–Selandian 过渡期古环境演 

变 : 有孔虫 , 有机质壁沟鞭藻囊孢及钙质超 

微化石记录 = Paleoenvironmental change at the 

Danian – Selandian transition in Tunisia: Foraminifera, 

organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst 

and calcareous nannofossil records. ( 英文 ). 

Guasti E; Speijer R P; Brinkhuis H; Smit J; 

Steurbaut E. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 

59(3-4): 210-229 

In the present study, we document paleoenvironmental 

change across the Danian–Selandian 

20

transition (planktic foraminiferal interval P2– 

P3b; calcareous nannofossil Zone NP4, Subzones 

NTp6–NTp8A; 61–59 Ma) in NW Tunisia. 

Diversifications of Paleogene planktic 

foraminifera with the evolution of the muricate 

and photosymbiotic lineages Morozovella, 

Acarinina and Igorina and of the biostratigraphically 

important nannofossils genus Fasciculithus 

are recorded within this interval. The 

present study aims to understand early Paleogene 

environmental changes in the southern 

Tethys, by analyzing the evolution of surfacewater 

and–to a lesser extent–seafloor conditions. 

Three localities were investigated: Ain 

Settara, Elles and El Kef, all representing outer 

neritic deposition in the same basin, the Tunisian 

Trough. Paleoenvironmental changes are explored 

by combining planktic foraminiferal, organic 

dinocyst and calcareous nannofossils assemblages 

and several proxy parameters (planktic/benthic 

ratio, numbers of planktic foraminifera 

per gram, peridinioid/gonyaulacoid ratio; 

terrestrial/marine palynomorph ratio). In addition, 

also some geochemical parameters (calcite 

content and stable isotopes) are examined. Our 

records indicate that the environment evolved 

from an initially oligotrophic, open marine, deep 

outer neritic setting in P2–P3a towards a shallower 

and nutrient-rich setting from the base of 

Subzone P3b. This change is seen in the foraminiferal 

assemblages, with the substitution of 

Praemurica by Morozovella among the planktic 

foraminifera and an upward decrease in deeper 

benthic taxa. Also the organic-dinocyst assemblages 

show a peak of peridinioid cysts 

(Cerodinium and Lejeunecysta). Associated to 

these dinocyst assemblages, the lowest occurrence 

of Apectodinium is recorded, which seem 

to have evolved in this region, possibly in response 

to enhanced nutrient levels on the shelf. 

Additionally, a distinct change in calcareous 

nannofossil assemblages is also described, 

marked by the lowest appearance of Chiasmolithus 

edentulus, the lowest consistent occurrence 

of Fasciculithus and a slight increase in 

near-shore taxa (essentially Pontosphaera). 

This project provides an accurate understanding 

of paleoenvironmental change across the 

Danian–Selandian transition in Tunisia. Especially, 

integrating different proxies demonstrates 

a paleobathymetric shallowing from the Danian 

to the Selandian, associated to increase surface 

paleoproductivity. Furthermore, the results are 

compared with those from other localities along 

the Southern Tethyan margin (Egypt and Jordan) 

and a more regional paleoclimatic / paleoceanographic 

perturbation in the Southern Tethys is 

suggested. 

2006040065 

中始新世晚期浮游有孔虫的古生态及其演化 

意义 = Palaeoecology of late middle Eocene 

planktic foraminifera and evolutionary implications. 

( 英文 ). Sexton P F; Wilson P A; Pearson P 

N. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 60(1): 1- 

16 3 图版 . 

The late middle Eocene is marked by accelerated 

global cooling, representing part of the long 

transitional interval separating the early Eocene 

‘greenhouse’ and later Oligocene ‘icehouse’ 

climatic regimes. This time interval is also regarded 

as having witnessed a decline in planktic 

foraminiferal diversity following the extinction 

of most of the muricate clade (genera Acarinina 

and Morozovelloides) at approximately 39 Ma. 

Here we examine planktic foraminiferal assemblages 

recovered at ODP Site 1052 (Blake Nose, 

NW Atlantic) and, by recording a high level of 

taxonomic diversity including several previously 

undocumented morphotypes, we suggest that the 

diversity of late middle Eocene planktic foraminifera 

may have been underestimated. 

Depth habitats of every species within these late 

middle Eocene assemblages are reconstructed 

using oxygen and carbon stable isotope ratios. 

Furthermore, because stable isotope analyses 

suggest that species of Globoturborotalita appear 

to have generally calcified during winter 

months, these taxa offer, in combination with 

predominantly summer surface dwellers such as 

Morozovelloides, the potential to reconstruct 

patterns of seasonality during the late Palaeogene. 

Using extremely well preserved 

‘glassy’ planktic foraminiferal calcite from a 

contemporaneous hemipelagic drill site, detailed 

SEM imaging of test microstructures and wall 

textures confirm that many modern features of 

foraminiferal ecology and test architecture had 

already evolved by the late middle Eocene. The 

common occurrence of the cancellate wall texture, 

combined with the wide variety of reconstructed 

foraminiferal depth habitats, indicates 

that there is no necessary relationship between 

foraminiferal wall textures and habitat and that 

wall textures are evolutionary conservative features 

of the foraminiferal test. 

2006040066 

Messinian 期地中海东部古环境演变 :Pissouri 

盆地 ( 塞浦路斯 ) 微体化石的综合研究 = 

Paleoenvironmental evolution of the eastern 

Mediterranean during the Messinian: Constraints 

from integrated microfossil data of the Pissouri 

Basin (Cyprus). ( 英文 ). Kouwenhoven T J; 

Morigi C; Negri A; Giunta S; Krijgsman W; 

Rouchy J M. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 

60(1): 17-44 

Integrated data of calcareous nannofossils, as 

well as planktonic and benthic foraminifera from 

21

the Pissouri Motorway section on Cyprus allow 

the reconstruction of surface- and bottom-water 

paleoenvironments of the eastern Mediterranean 

during the interval preceding the Messinian salinity 

crisis (MSC). Contrary to deeper-water 

locations, where benthic foraminifera faunas are 

suppressed or absent just after the Tortonian– 

Messinian boundary, sediments deposited at 

intermediate water depths do contain benthic 

assemblages. From the earliest Messinian onwards, 

a development towards increasingly unfavourable 

paleoenvironments is reflected in the 

planktonic and benthic microfossil records of the 

Pissouri section and proceeds with rather discrete 

time steps that can be correlated to sequences 

throughout the Mediterranean. Shortly 

after the Tortonian–Messinian boundary a transition 

is recorded in the sedimentology and the 

open marine, deeper-water taxa disappear from 

the benthic foraminifera assemblages; subsequently, 

the diversity of all fauna groups diminishes. 

The changes recorded at species level in 

both surface-water and sea-floor dwelling taxa 

suggest decreasing circulation of the bottom 

waters, associated with changes in the surface 

waters, most likely due to increasing stratification. 

From 6.73 Ma onwards, our data indicate a 

prominent change to more restricted conditions 

and increasing salinity at the sea floor together 

with intermittently rising surface water salinity. 

The dominance of oligotypic and monospecific 

assemblages and the frequent shifts in assemblage 

compositions of all microfossil groups 

indicate severely stressed environments after 

6.4 Ma, probably related to increased salinity. 

The major changes in paleoenvironmental conditions, 

including oxygen deprivation due to stagnation 

and hypersalinity, can be explained by 

hydrographical changes in the Mediterranean 

basin, which are probably caused by tectonic 

movements in the Rif Corridor acting in concert 

with astronomical cyclicity. Evaluation of the 

paleodepth proxies indicates that the depth of the 

Pissouri Basin remained rather constant at 300– 

500 m, with a minimum of 200 m, until deposition 

of the “barre jaune”, the transitional interval 

towards the evaporites and that early shallowing 

to neritic depths, as was proposed before, 

is highly unlikely. 

2006040067 

南特提斯古新世 / 始新世界线附近的环境波动 

( 埃及 Dababiya): 有孔虫及粘土矿物记录 

= Environmental perturbation in the southern 

Tethys across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary 

(Dababiya, Egypt): Foraminiferal and clay mineral 

records. ( 英文 ). Ernst S R; Guasti E; Dupuis 

C; Speijer R P. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 

60(1): 89-111 2 图版 . 

Foraminiferal and clay mineral records were 

studied in the upper Paleocene to lower Eocene 

Dababiya section (Egypt). This section hosts the 

GSSP for the Paleocene/Eocene boundary and as 

such provides an expanded and relatively continuous 

record across the Paleocene/Eocene 

Thermal Maximum (PETM). Deposition of illite–smectite 

clay minerals is interpreted as a 

result of warm and arid conditions in the southern 

Tethys during the latest Paleocene. Benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages are indicative of seasonal 

variation of oxygen and food levels at the 

seafloor. A sea-level fall occurred in the latest 

Paleocene, followed by a rise in the earliest Eocene. 

Foraminiferal diversity and densities decreased 

strongly at the P/E boundary, coinciding 

with the level of global extinction of benthic 

foraminifera (BEE) and start of the Carbon Isotope 

Excursion (CIE) and PETM. In the lower 

CIE, the seafloor of the stratified basin remained 

(nearly) permanently anoxic and azoic. A sudden 

increase in mixed clay minerals (kaolinite and 

others) suggests that warm and perennial humid 

conditions prevailed on the continent. High levels 

of TOC and phosphathic concretions in the 

middle CIE are evidence for increased organic 

fluxes to the sea floor, related to upwelling and 

to augmented continental runoff. Low densities 

of opportunistic taxa appeared, indicating occasional 

ephemeral oxygenation and repopulation 

of the benthic environment. The planktic community 

diversified, although conditions remained 

poor for deep-dwelling taxa. An increase 

in illite–smectite dominated clay association is 

considered to mark the return of a seasonal signature 

on climatic conditions. During the late 

CIE environmental conditions changed to seasonally 

fluctuating mesotrophic conditions and 

diverse and rich benthic and planktic foraminiferal 

communities developed. Post-CIE planktic 

faunas consisted of both deep and shallowdwelling 

taxa and buliminid-dominated benthic 

assemblages reflect fluctuating mesotrophic 

conditions. 

The frequent environmental perturbations during 

the CIE/PETM at Dababiya provided a rather 

specialized group of foraminiferal taxa (i.e., 

Anomalinoides aegyptiacus) the opportunity to 

repopulate, survive and subsequently dominate 

by a hypothesized capacity to switch to an alternative 

life strategy (population dynamics, habitat 

shift) or different metabolic pathway. The faunal 

record of Dababiya provides insight into the 

cause and development of the BEE: various severe 

global changes during the PETM (e.g., 

ocean circulation, CaCO 3 -dissolution, productivity 

and temperature changes) disturbed a wide 

range of environments on a geologically brief 

timescale, explaining together the geographically 

and temporally variable character of the BEE. 

22

This allowed a number of specific but different 

foraminiferal assemblages composed of stresstolerant 

and opportunistic taxa to be successful 

during and after the periods of environmental 

perturbations associated with the PETM. 

2006040068 

葡萄牙西南部 Melides 泻湖海岸演变与全新 

世介形虫 = Coastal evolution and Holocene 

ostracods in Melides lagoon (SW Portugal). ( 英 

文 ). Cabral M C; Freitas M C; Andrade C; Cruces 

A. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 60(3): 

181-204 2 图版 . 

A multidisciplinary study covering sedimentology 

(texture, carbonate and organic matter content, 

clay mineralogy), geochemistry (major, 

minor and trace elements, isotopes), palaeoecolgy 

(ostracods) and isotopic dating ( 14 C) 

has been carried out on two long cores (MB- 

40.0 m and MIGM-34.0 m) retrieved from the 

barrier and the alluvial plain margining the 

Melides lagoon (south-western coast of Portugal). 

The interpretation of the whole data set 

allowed the establishment of an evolutionary 

model for this lowland since the Late Glacial. 

This model includes four stages. It starts with a 

fluvial terrestrial environment, replaced by an 

estuarine to fully marine one (circa 9500 cal BP), 

due to the rapid rise in sea level recorded during 

the first phase of the Holocene transgression. 

The deceleration of sea level rise favoured the 

emplacement of a sandy barrier (circa 5900 cal 

BP) that promoted the differentiation of a coastal 

lagoon which has been progressively filled with 

fluvial sediments. 

The ostracod fauna in both locations includes 

38 species of littoral to sublittoral/phytal marine 

forms (mainly Urocythereis britannica, Carinocythereis 

whitei, Loxoconcha rhomboidea, Pontocythere 

elongata, Semicytherura sella, Semicytherura 

acuta, Basslerites cf. berchoni, Hiltermannicythere 

emaciata) and brackish water 

forms (Cyprideis torosa, Loxoconcha elliptica), 

which clearly characterize the signature of both 

the marine and lagoonal episodes, respectively. 

2006040069 

德国南部晚侏罗世古环境对颗石藻 

Watznaueria britannica 形态和丰度的控制 = 

Paleoenvironmental controls on the morphology 

and abundance of the coccolith Watznaueria 

britannica (Late Jurassic, southern Germany). 

( 英文 ). Giraud F; Pittet B; Mattioli E; Audouin 

V. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 60(3): 205- 

225 

The coccolithophore species Watznaueria 

britannica is dominant in Middle-Upper Jurassic 

calcareous nannofossil assemblages and presents 

morphological variation, including different coccolith 

size, shape and length of the central area 

and of the bridge. Six morphotypes can be recognized 

in the polarizing light microscope. The 

aim of this work is to better understand the morphological 

variability of W. britannica and determine 

if this variability is controlled by paleoecological 

factors. In order to investigate the 

potential paleoecological controls on W. britannica 

morphology and abundance, we carried out 

a biometric study on a restricted temporal interval: 

the Late Oxfordian, in the Swabian Alb 

(southern Germany), characterized by increasing 

carbonate production linked to climatic changes. 

The Balingen–Tieringen section, where previous 

works on sedimentology, nannofossil assemblage 

composition, and δ 18 O and δ 13 C 

analyses were performed, was selected for this 

study. The variations in morphology and abundances 

of W. britannica were studied on 40 

samples of the Balingen – Tieringen section, 

presenting variable lithologies and calcium carbonate 

contents. For each level, seven biometric 

parameters (coccolith length, width and ellipticity, 

central area length, width and ellipticity and 

central area proportion with respect to the coccolith) 

were measured or calculated on digitally 

captured images of the first 100 W. britannica 

coccoliths observed in the light microscope. The 

relationships between the different biometric 

variables were described using bivariate and 

Principal Component Analyses. Biometric parameters 

and Principal Component factors extracted 

from nannofossil assemblages as well as 

other paleoenvironmental proxies, were investigated 

using regression, and their stratigraphic 

trends were compared. Principal component 

analysis of the six biometric variables (3938 

measurements) on W. britannica coccoliths 

shows a reduced morphological variability compared 

to a significant size gradient. An allometric 

trend recognized on the total placolith and on 

the central area within the W. britannica assemblages 

suggests that the different morphotypes 

may represent intra-specific variability rather 

than different species. The general trend through 

Late Oxfordian shows an increase in size of W. 

britannica coccoliths, mainly driven by an increase 

in the contribution of the large morphotypes. 

Increasing placolith size is associated with 

drier and warmer climatic conditions during the 

latest Oxfordian. 

2006040070 

冰岛北部陆棚硅藻对全新世气候的响应 = 

Diatom response to the Holocene climatic optimum 

on the North Icelandic shelf. ( 英文 ). Ran 

Lihua; Jiang Hui; Knudsen K L; Eiríksson J; Gu 

Zhiwen. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 60(3): 

226-241 

23

A diatom record from core MD992275 on the 

North Icelandic shelf reveals palaeoclimatic and 

palaeoceanographic changes during the time 

interval 9000 to 5600 cal. year BP. The study 

period includes the Holocene Climate Optimum 

(HCO), as widely known in the North Atlantic 

region. A comparison with data for the last 2000 

years and with the present-day surface sediment 

diatom assemblages shows that there was considerably 

stronger influence of Atlantic water 

masses in the area during the HCO than in the 

late Holocene and today. The results of cluster 

analysis and principal component analysis divide 

the studied period into three intervals, each characterised 

by a specific diatom assemblage. The 

assemblages indicate changes in the interaction 

of the relatively warm Irminger Current (IC) and 

the cold East Greenland Current (EGC) and East 

Icelandic Current (EIC). The North Icelandic 

shelf was strongly affected by the IC during the 

interval 8000–6800 cal. year BP, which may be 

the warmest period of the Holocene. During the 

intervals 9000–8000 and 6800–5600 cal. year 

BP, the influence of the IC was relatively weak 

and that of the EGC and EIC increased correspondingly. 

The well-known 8200 cal. year BP 

cooling event, shown in many records from the 

North Atlantic, is reflected by a relatively strong 

influence of the EGC and EIC between about 

8300 and 8100 cal. year BP in our record. However, 

the diatom assemblages show that the inferred 

circulation change did not bring the 

strength of the IC down to the levels seen at present 

and during the last two millennia. 

2006040071 

无脊椎动物卵的腐烂及矿化 = Decay and mineralization 

of invertebrate eggs. ( 英文 ). Martin 

D; Briggs D E G; Parkes R J. Palaios, 2005, 

20(6): 562–572 

Both the timing and nature of early Metazoan 

evolution remain controversial, with complementary, 

and sometimes conflicting, evidence 

from molecular data and fossil occurrences. Exceptionally 

preserved embryos from the Neoproterozoic 

and early Phanerozoic remain an important 

source of direct evidence: fossil embryos of 

complex organisms at a relatively advanced 

stage of development provide a test of hypotheses 

based on comparative embryology and the 

evolutionary development of living forms. Understanding 

how these fossils are preserved, and 

what morphological changes are induced by decay, 

is essential to interpreting the evidence that 

they provide for early metazoan evolution. A 

range of decay experiments was performed on 

eggs of living arthropods to explore the controls 

on their mineralization and likely fossilization. 

Surface mineralization occurred within one 

month, mainly in calcium carbonate or in a combination 

of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate. 

There was no enhancement of mineralization 

with increased phosphate or calcium concentrations, 

or with changing oxic/anoxic conditions, 

and mineralization occurred both in the 

absence and presence of an associated carcass. 

The eggs showed remarkable resistance to decay, 

indicating that an extended time-period (more 

than a year) would be available for mineralization 

and fossilization in some settings. Where 

sediment was available, it could become attached 

to the egg surface, replicating the morphology 

in a fashion analogous to mineralization. 

The interior of the eggs was not mineralized in 

the experiments. The degree of mineralization 

was very variable, reflecting conditions both in 

the natural environment and in the fossil record. 

2006040072 

栖于硬底的海洋生物的一个新术语 = A new 

terminology for marine organisms inhabiting 

hard substrates. ( 英文 ). Taylor P D; Wilson M A. 

Palaios, 2002, 17(5): 522–525 

Marine hard-substrate communities are important 

ecological and evolutionary resources for 

paleontologists and neontologists, yet their study 

is handicapped by numerous terms that are used 

inconsistently. A rationalized nomenclature system 

is proposed for plants and animals that encrust 

or bore natural marine hard substrates. The 

terms describe the identity of the colonizing organism, 

the nature of the substrate, and the location 

of the colonist (on the surface or within the 

substrate). These terms follow simple principles, 

making them easy to construct and interpret. A 

new collective term also is introduced: a 

sclerobiont is any organism (animal or plant) 

fouling any kind of hard substrate. 

2006040073 

美国堪萨斯和科罗拉多上白垩统 Uintacrinus 

化石库生物丘中微生物印痕 = Microbial sealing 

in the biostratinomy of Uintacrinus Lagerstätten 

in the Upper Cretaceous of Kansas and 

Colorado, USA. ( 英文 ). Meyer D L; Milsom C 

V. Palaios, 2001, 16(6): 535–546 

New information pertaining to the biostratinomy 

of Uintacrinus assemblages has been 

derived from re-examination of museum collections 

and analysis of in situ material. Individuals 

are preserved as thin lenses in dense aggregations 

with articulated calyces and arms only on 

the lower surface, in contrast to disarticulated 

material on the upper surface. Calyces may be 

imbricated within a lens and are mostly compressed 

laterally. Specimens also may be preserved 

oral side up or down. Some specimens 

displaying the oral side retain soft-part preservation 

of the tegmen, anal tube, and ambulacra. A 

24

thin, jet black organic lamination is visible beneath 

calyx plates. SEM analysis reveals the 

presence of possible microbial spherules and 

filaments on this lamination. Dense aggregations 

reveal a number of new preservational features, 

including marginal indentations and lacunae that 

suggest cohesive behavior of the layer prior to 

burial. SEM also reveals well-preserved stereom 

in articulated crinoids on the lower surface, in 

contrast to the upper surface in which the 

stereom is apparently infilled with calcium carbonate. 

Some specimens retain a black, organic 

lamination within the crinoidal layer itself that 

may represent remnants of a microbial mat. It is 

proposed that a microbial mat of necrolytic origin 

provided cohesion and that microbial sealing 

during decay may help to explain other instances 

of similar crinoid preservation, including both 

benthic and pelagic forms, in which articulation 

is confined to lower surfaces. 

2006040074 

已知最早野火的证据 = Evidence of earliest 

known wildfires. ( 英文 ). Cressler W L. 

Palaios, 2001, 16(2): 171–174 

The oldest known fossil charcoal, to date, is 

herein reported from a Late Devonian (Famennian 

2c) fluvial deposit in the Catskill Formation 

of north-central Pennsylvania. The charcoal was 

found in an abandoned channel setting in association 

with abundant well-preserved macrofossil 

plant remains of Archaeopteris, Rhacophyton, 

cormose lycopsids, Gillespiea, and cupulate and 

acupulate gymnosperms. Detailed anatomical 

preservation of the charcoal combined with its 

paleoecological setting suggests that in this landscape, 

mostly Rhacophyton burned, perhaps in 

association with an interpreted annual dry season. 

Alternating wet and dry seasons are indicated by 

the presence of paleovertisols. The fossil site 

where the charcoal was found also has yielded 

terrestrial arthropods, numerous fishes, and two 

early tetrapods. 

2006040075 

亚利桑那森林化石国家公园晚三叠世 Chinle 

组早期爬行动物的古环境 = Paleoenvironments 

of early theropods, Chinle Formation 

(Late Triassic), petrified forest national park, 

Arizona. ( 英文 ). Therrien F; Fastovsky D E. 

Palaios, 2000, 15(3): 194-211 

Three localities in the Chinle Formation (Late 

Triassic), Petrified Forest National Park (PEFO), 

Arizona, provide insights into the paleoenvironments 

frequented by primitive North American 

theropods. At the Dinosaur Wash locality, an 

undetermined theropod is preserved in paleosols 

that indicate a transition from wet to dry conditions 

on the floodplain. Coelophysis bauri remains 

from the Dinosaur Hill locality are preserved 

in a filled channel scour. The paleosols at 

this locality contain carbonate nodules intimately 

associated with Fe and Mn oxides, indicative of 

alternating alkaline/acidic conditions around 

roots in response to a semi-arid climate with 

strong seasonal precipitation. At the Dinosaur 

Hollow locality, Chindesaurus bryansmalli is 

preserved in a setting similar to those encountered 

at Dinosaur Hill. The paleosols exhibit vertic 

features, such as pseudoanticlines, and are 

indicative of water-deficit periods during the 

year. 

The most complete theropod remains at PEFO 

are predominantly preserved in distinctive bluecolored 

paleosol horizons showing depletion in 

iron and aluminum, and exhibiting features such 

as localized Fe concentrations and mottling. 

These are interpreted as A-horizons of redoximorphic 

paleosols developed in wet areas of the 

floodplain where the degree of water saturation 

fluctuated. 

Preservational conditions of PEFO theropod 

localities indicate they are time-averaged attritional 

mortality assemblages representative of 

contemporaneous organisms. Comparison of 

these localities to the well-known Ghost Ranch, 

New Mexico, Coelophysis quarry reinforces the 

idea that the quarry represents unique preservational 

conditions. 

2006040076 

死亡及活体珊瑚骨骼内碎屑的埋葬学意义 = 

The taphonomic significance of endoliths in 

dead — versus live — coral skeletons. ( 英文 ). 

Scoffin T P; Bradshaw C. Palaios, 2000, 15(3): 

248-254 

Macro-endoliths in coral skeletons on reefs in 

Phuket, South Thailand, and South Male Atoll, 

Republic of the Maldives, could be separated 

into live- and dead-coral varieties, which had 

different origins and created different structures 

in the host skeletons. Dead coral surfaces were 

bored by active endoliths (euendoliths), which 

used mechanical and chemical means to create 

complex, branched and sinuous cavities that 

cross-cut the growth structure of the coral skeletons. 

Living coral was attacked mainly by passive 

endoliths (paraendoliths and cryptoendoliths) 

that embedded themselves in the live tissue and 

allowed the coral skeleton to grow up around 

them, creating straight, simple holes that paralleled 

the growth direction of the coral. The association 

of euendoliths with dead coral surfaces 

and para- and cryptoendoliths with live coral 

surfaces allows the interpretation of the relative 

relief of fossil bored coral colonies above soft 

sediment, and the relative length of time they 

were exposed to circulating seawater prior to 

burial. 

25

2006040077 

新元古代早期礁相叠层石和凝块叠层石微结 

构的埋葬学控制 = Taphonomic control on microstructure 

in early Neoproterozoic reefal stromatolites 

and thrombolites. ( 英文 ). Turner E C; 

James N P; Narbonne G M. Palaios, 2000, 15(2): 

87-111 

Early Neoproterozoic reefs of the Little Dal 

Group, Northwest Territories, are built by stromatolites 

and thrombolites containing calcified 

filamentous cyanobacteria and interstitial cement. 

Micritic and microcrystalline carbonate grew in 

or on extracellular cyanobacterial sheaths, preserving 

filaments when mineralization was early 

relative to sheath degradation, or grumeaux 

when mineralization was later. Filamentous microstructure 

is volumetrically predominant in the 

reefs; less common are micritic and grumelous 

microstructures already known from late Proterozoic 

stromatolites and Phanerozoic thrombolites. 

Textural intergradation of filamentouscalcimicrobial 

microstructure with these nonfilamentous 

microstructures reflects microstructural 

variation developed through differential 

preservation at the scale of individual filaments 

and laminae. Textural gradients from filaments 

to grumeaux, and from calcimicrobial to stromatolitic 

and thrombolitic microstructure types, 

imply that a wide variety of microbialite microstructure 

types can be derived from a single progenitor 

community. This suggests that taphonomic 

variables may be as important in the 

development of microbialite microstructure as 

the biology of the microbial mat community. It 

also challenges recent suggestions that the Neoproterozoic 

increase in thromboids was related to 

the rise of multicellular organisms. These conclusions 

have broad implications for the interpretation 

of fossil microbialites, many of which 

might have been more closely related in origin 

than hitherto suspected. 

2006040078 

志留纪礁相腕足及其生态意义 = Silurian reefdwelling 

brachiopods and their ecologic implications. 

( 英文 ). Watkins R. Palaios, 2000, 15(2): 

112-119 

Brachiopods were one of the most diverse 

groups of reef-dwellers during the Paleozoic, and 

their degree of specialization for reef habitats 

provides an important way of assessing the ecologic 

complexity in reef communities. Silurian 

(Wenlockian) reef brachiopods in Gotland and 

Wisconsin are compared to level-bottom 

brachiopods in Gotland, Wisconsin, and the 

Welsh Borderland. The reef—level-bottom comparisons 

are made at the level of single bulk 

samples, as combined groups of samples from 

single reefs and from single level-bottom communities, 

and as combined groups of samples 

from several reefs that occupy the same stratigraphic 

horizon. Species diversity of reef 

brachiopods is higher than that of level-bottom 

brachiopods, but the amount of this difference 

decreases from the scale of entire reefs to the 

scale of single samples, where Shannon indices 

(H') and rarefaction curves of reef and levelbottom 

samples commonly overlap. In terms of 

species richness, maximum reef values reach 44 

species (n = 3452 individuals), while maximum 

level-bottom values reach 32 species (n = 7732 

individuals). Cluster analysis separates associations 

of reef and level-bottom brachiopods, but 

there is also some compositional overlap of reef 

and level-bottom samples. Although the reefs 

contain more pedunculate brachiopods and fewer 

strophic, free-lying brachiopods than level bottoms, 

the reef brachiopods include no morphotypes 

or genera that are not also known from the 

level bottom. Wenlockian reef brachiopods in 

Gotland and Wisconsin were open surface 

dwellers with very close taxonomic, functional, 

and ecologic ties to level-bottom communities. 

As such, they indicate very similar levels of ecologic 

complexity between reef and high-diversity 

level-bottom communities. Cryptic reef brachiopods 

are known from the Silurian, but appear to 

have been rare. Brachiopods did not include 

common reef specialists until the Late Paleozoic. 

The slow pace of brachiopod specialization for 

reefs and the very close resemblance of Silurian 

reef and level-bottom brachiopods reflect the 

ecologic simplicity and long-term diversity plateau 

of the Paleozoic evolutionary fauna. 

2006040079 

西欧和东格陵兰三叠纪 - 侏罗纪界线古地理和 

古生态 = Phytogeography and Paleoecology in 

Western Europe and Eastern Greenland Near the 

Triassic-Jurassic Boundary. ( 英文 ). Hubbard R 

N L B; Boulter M C. Palaios, 2000, 15(2): 120- 

131 

Previous multivariate statistical analyses identified 

at least seven associations of sporomorphs 

within a major vegetational group of late Triassic-earliest 

Jurassic times identified as corresponding 

to arctic or cool-temperate climatic 

conditions. Detailed examination of how these 

associations responded to the climatic changes 

near the Triassic-Jurassic boundary allows them 

to be classified in terms of their thermophily and 

drought tolerance. These deductions also give 

rise to a fairly detailed reconstruction of climatic 

changes at the time. Consideration of the presumed 

family affinities of the various sporomorphs 

gives some support to the climatic interpretations; 

and allows tentative reconstructions 

of some of the vegetation. 

26

2006040080 

稳定同位素壳质年代学揭示第三纪和第四纪 

巨蛎的古生态差异 = Paleoecological differences 

between Tertiary and Quaternary 

Crassostrea Oysters, as revealed by stable isotope 

sclerochronology. ( 英文 ). Kirby M X. 

Palaios, 2000, 15(2): 132-141 

Tertiary Crassostrea oysters grew large and 

thick shells, whereas their descendants, living 

Crassostrea, grow comparatively smaller and 

thinner shells. To test for ecological differences 

between fossil and living Crassostrea that may 

account for differences in body size, the stable 

isotope sclerochronology was examined of two 

North American species, late Oligocene C. gigantissima 

(Belgrade Formation, North Carolina) 

and Quaternary C. virginica (Chesapeake Bay 

and Mississippi Delta), both purported to share 

an ancestor-descendent relationship. 18 O and 13 C 

profiles across skeletal growth increments in two 

well-preserved C. gigantissima shells show significant 

differences with profiles from Pleistocene 

and Recent C. virginica. Significantly 

higher 18 O and 13 C values and smaller seasonal 

isotopic ranges with less variability show that C. 

gigantissima lived in a more fully marine environment 

than C. virginica. Consequently, C. gigantissima 

probably was exposed to more predation, 

competition, and bioerosion than C. virginica. 

Isotopic profiles also show that C. gigantissima 

formed skeletal growth increments annually 

from seasonally varying growth rates, which 

permits estimation of life span and growth rate. 

Thicker shells and faster growth rates in C. gigantissima 

may reflect the greater exposure to 

fully marine predation and bioerosion, as well as 

to the conditions associated with higher salinity. 

Associations between C. gigantissima and phosphatic 

sediments, intense bioerosion, and other 

large suspension feeders in the Belgrade Formation 

are suggestive of an elevated planktonic 

food supply that may have permitted C. gigantissima 

to grow thicker shells. If estuaries and 

lagoons have served as refugia from marine predation 

since the Mesozoic, as these environments 

do today, then C. gigantissima may represent 

a lineage that had left its brackish refuge for 

shallow-marine environments in the Eocene. The 

replacement of C. gigantissima by C. virginica 

in the early Miocene may not represent an ancestor-descendent 

relationship, but an extinction of 

C. gigantissima and continued survival of thinshelled 

Crassostrea in brackish environments. 

2006040081 

两个早宾夕法尼亚世矿物基质湿地的古生态 

分析 = Paleoecological analysis of two Early 

Pennsylvanian mineral-substrate wetlands. ( 英 

文 ). Pryor J S;Gastaldo R A. Palaios, 2000, 

15(1): 3-13 

The biomass within two Early Pennsylvanian 

(Langsettian [Westphalian A] equivalent) penecontemporaneous 

swamp communities was 

sampled quantitatively to obtain an estimate of 

the taxonomic contribution to each assemblage. 

Blocks of organic-rich shale were removed from 

a clastic parting within the Black Creek Coal, 

and 0.5-m 2 siltstone quadrats were chain-sawed 

from a clastic swamp community directly above 

the Bear Creek Coal. Bedding planes were exposed, 

and the surface areas for each taxon per 

bedding surface were measured and used as 

proxies for biomass contribution in each locality. 

Biomass over a combined area of 5.47 m 2 was 

assessed for the Black Creek Coal parting; biomass 

covering an area of 9.70 m 2 was evaluated 

for the assemblage preserved above the Bear 

Creek coal. In addition to calculating standard 

diversity indices, this data set was analyzed using 

cluster analyses and non-metric multidimensional 

scaling (NMDS) to differentiate variations 

within the general flora. 

Low species diversity characterizes both floras. 

Diversity indices for both assemblages are very 

similar, indicating essentially no difference in 

assemblage composition, despite the difference 

in edaphic conditions. The Bear Creek Coal wetlands 

show greater variation in species content, 

while the mineral-enhanced peat of the Black 

Creek Coal overlaps this species diversity within 

a slightly more restricted range of variation. 

Cluster analysis produced 5 stable clusters, 

whereas three dimensions of the NMDS analysis 

provided the best fit to explain the variation 

among the samples. The dimensions are interpreted 

as representing abundance of (1) arborescent 

lycopsids, (2) arborescent and climbing 

sphenopsids, and (3) pteridosperms. The plant 

community preserved within the clastic parting 

of the Black Creek Coal is comparable to that of 

the community found above the Bear Creek Coal. 

Hence, vegetation that colonized mineralsubstrate 

soils in Early Pennsylvanian coastal 

lowlands, whether in peat or non-peat accumulating 

settings, are very similar. The dominance 

of pteridosperms in these depositional regimes 

appears to remain stable throughout the Early 

and Middle Pennsylvanian and portends community 

replacements in the Late Westphalian D 

some 8–10 million years later. 

2006040082 

深海珊瑚的古温度 : 克服 “ 致命效应 ” = 

Paleotemperatures from deep-sea corals: overcoming 

‘vital effects’. ( 英文 ). Smith J E; 

Schwarcz H P; Risk M J; Mcconnaughey T A; 

Keller N. Palaios, 2000, 15(1): 25-32 

Thirty-five azooxanthellate (nonphotosynthetic) 

corals belonging to 18 species 

27

were collected at sites ranging from the Norwegian 

Sea to the Antarctic and of depths ranging 

from 10 to 5220 m. All specimens showed distinct, 

well-defined linear correlations between 

carbonate oxygen and carbon isotopic composition, 

with slopes ranging from 0.23 to 0.67 

(mean 0.45 ± 0.9) and linear correlation r 2 values 

that averaged 0.89. These pronounced isotopic 

disequilibria have, to date, rendered 

azooxanthellate corals unsuitable for use in paleothermometry. 

Most, but not all, of the heaviest 

skeletal 18 O values reached or approached 

equilibrium. If the isotopically-heavy ends of the 

18 O vs 13 C regression lines reliably approximated 

isotopic equilibrium with seawater, these values 

could be used to estimate the temperature of the 

water in which the coral grew. The 13 C values of 

the heavy ends of each line, however, were always 

depleted compared to carbon isotopic equilibrium 

with ambient bicarbonate by varying 

amounts. 

Despite the disequilibria, a reliable method for 

obtaining paleotemperature data was obtained. It 

was found that, if a 18 O vs 13 C regression line 

from an individual coral could be generated, the 

18 O arag value corresponding to 13 C arag = 13 C water 

and corrected for 18 O water was a linear function of 

temperature: 18 O = –0.25 T(°C) + 4.97. 

2006040083 

从叠层石生物礁的内部结构再造海平面变 

化 : 以加拿大极区中元古代 Dismal 湖群 

Sulky 组为例 = Reconstructing sea-level change 

from the internal architecture of stromatolite 

reefs: an example from the Mesoproterozoic 

Sulky Formation, Dismal Lakes Group, arctic 

Canada. ( 英文 ). Kah L C; Bartley J K; Frank T 

D; LyonsT W. Alcheringa, 2006, 43(6): 653- 

669(17) 

The Mesoproterozoic Dismal Lakes Group, 

arctic Canada, contains a relatively thin, yet regionally 

extensive stromatolitic reef complex 

that developed subtidally during a major transgression, 

shoaled to sea level, and was overlain 

by intertidal to supratidal carbonate and 

evaporite strata. The September Lake reef complex 

exhibits a complex internal architecture that 

records the interaction between stromatolite 

growth and changes in accommodation space 

derived from both higher order (4th- or 5th-order, 

parasequence-scale) changes in sea level and the 

variable bathymetry of the sea floor. Reef 

growth, which was initiated during three sealevel 

cycles, records progressive marine transgression 

over depositional lows that were 

formed during pre-reef subaerial exposure and 

erosion of the underlying strata. A fourth sealevel 

cycle, represented by spectacular coniform 

stromatolites with >10 m of synoptic relief, 

marks a more dramatic rise in sea level and establishment 

of the main reef complex. Aggradation 

and eventual shoaling of the reef complex 

occurred over an additional six sea-level cycles. 

Only basinward regions of the September Lake 

reef complex preserve vertical stacking of reefal 

packages in response to sea-level fluctuations. In 

contrast, in the main reef core, sea-level fluctuations 

resulted in subaerial exposure of the reef 

top, variable karst development, and the progressive 

infilling of reef topography by progradational 

reef elements. Assessment of stromatolite 

growth patterns reveals the complex nature of 

the reef architecture and permits the determination 

of higher order changes in relative sea level 

that were responsible for reef development. 

微体古生物学 

综论 

2006040084 

淮北地区新元古代燧石相三维保存微生物化 

石 = Three-dimensional preserved Neoproterozoic 

microorganism fossils in cherts in North 

Anhui region. ( 中文 ). 钱迈平 ; 袁训来 ; 汪迎平 ; 

厉建华 ;. 江苏地质 , 2005, 29(3): 129-138 

在淮北新元古代倪园组和九顶山组海相碳 

酸盐岩地层中 , 保存着许多燧石相微生物化 

石。通过对其形态结构、群落组合特征及埋 

藏保存状态研究 , 探讨其系统分类、生存环 

境及区域地层对比 , 确定这些微生物化石结 

构的原始性和群落的低分异性。结合相关地 

层中原始的光球状浮游微生物、Chuaria— 

Tawuia 类型宏体碳质化石生物群及叠层石优 

势的特征考虑 , 这些微生物的生存时间是在 

南沱冰期之前。 

2006040085 

淮北地区新元古代燧石相三维保存微生物化 

石 = Three-dimensional preserved Neoproterozoic 

microorganism fossils in cherts in North 

Anhui region. ( 中文 ). 钱迈平 ; 袁训来 ; 汪迎平 ; 

厉建华 . 江苏地质 , 2005, 29(3): 129-138 

在淮北新元古代倪园组和九顶山组海相碳 

酸盐岩地层中 , 保存着许多燧石相微生物化石 . 

通过对其形态结构、群落组合特征及埋藏保 

存状态研究 , 探讨其系统分类、生存环境及区 

域地层对比 , 确定这些微生物化石结构的原始 

性和群落的低分异性 . 结合相关地层中原始的 

光球状浮游微生物、Chuaria-Tawuia 类型宏 

体碳质化石生物群及叠层石优势的特征考虑 , 

这些微生物的生存时间是在南沱冰期之前 . 

2006040086 

阿根廷中西部内乌肯盆地两个侏罗纪地层序 

列的微体古生物研究 = A micropalaeontological 

study of two Jurassic sequences in the Neu- 

28

quen Basin, central-west Argentina. ( 英文 ). 

Ballent S C. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(3): 331-345 

An example of application of calcareous microfossils 

to palaeoenvironmental reconstruction 

is presented. Foraminifers and Ostracoda from 

across the Aalenian-Bajocian boundary at the 

Picun Leufu section and Mid Callovian at the 

Maria Rosa Curico section, both in Neuquen 

Basin, in central western Argentina, are analysed. 

The resulting data are presented as the following 

parameters: faunal density and specific diversity 

in both groups; test composition and vertical 

distribution of morphogroups in foraminifers, 

carapace morphology, adult valves to carapaces 

ratio and population age-structures in Ostracoda. 

Conclusions from the microfossils agree with 

those proposed by other authors based on sedimentological 

and palynological data. Additionally, 

two new Jurassic species (Middle Callovian) 

are described as new: the attached foraminifer 

Ammovertellina simeonae sp. nov. and the ostracod 

Cytlierella mediodepressa sp. nov. 

2006040087 

阿根廷内乌肯盆地东部上侏罗统提通阶钙质 

微体化石 = Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) calcareous 

microfossils from the eastern Neuguen Basin, 

Argentina. ( 法文 ). Ballent S C; Ronchi D I; Angelozzi 

G N. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(1): 13-24 

Benthic foraminifers, ostracods and calcareous 

nannofossils from the Vaca Muerta Formation 

in boreholes drilled in the eastern Neuquen 

Basin, central-western Argentina, are described 

and illustrated. The monospecific assemblages 

of the foraminifer genus Epistomina and the ostracod 

Cytherella typify a marine environment 

with low energy regime and oxygen depressed 

sea-bottom conditions. Nannofossils association 

corresponding to the lower part of Zone NJK 

indicates a lowermost Upper Tithonian age. One 

species, Epistomina viviersae sp. nov., is described. 

2006040088 

与热泉石灰华共生的蓝藻细菌 = Cyanobacteria 

associated with hot spring travertines. ( 英文 ). 

Pentecost A. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2003, 40(11): 1447-1457 

Cyanobacteria are the major oxygenic photosynthetic 

microorganisms of hot spring travertines. 

This review describes the known cyanobacterium 

flora of travertine-depositing waters > 

37℃. The communities develop either upon 

(epilithon) or within (endolithon) the travertine 

surface, where they may influence the travertine 

fabric by providing nucleation sites for calcium 

carbonate. Mat photosynthesis locally increases 

the amount of travertine deposited, but the importance 

of photosynthesis in travertine deposition 

is rarely significant because the main loss of 

CO 2 is by atmospheric evasion of the hot, CO 2 - 

rich waters. The Oscillatoriales are the most important 

group of cyanobacteria in terms of their 

biomass, but the taxonomy of the order is in a 

state of chaos. Molecular methods will ultimately 

disclose the true affinities of the organisms 

but, at present, the use of form-taxa based 

upon morphological characters provides a practical 

alternative. Identification of fossilized 

cyanobacteria is problematic since few of the 

key characters survive as fossils. The known 

cyanobacterium flora is tabulated and an analytical 

key provided to identify the form-taxa of hot 

spring travertines. 

2006040089 

藏南岗巴 — 定日地区始新世微体化石与特提 

斯的消亡 = Eocene microfossils in southern 

Tibet and the final closing of the Tibet-Tethys. 

( 中文 ). 李国彪 ; 万晓樵 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 

27(2): 99-108 

印度与亚洲板块之间的碰撞也许是自中生 

代末期以来所发生的意义最为深远的构造事 

件 , 但目前对于碰撞的起始时间尤其是陆间海 

相沉积最终消亡的时间的把握仍十分不确 

定。西藏特提斯晚期演化史的研究及其封闭 

时间的确定 , 可为印度与亚洲碰撞发生过程的 

研究提供极为重要的直接性的依据。藏南地 

区发育着西藏地区最晚期的海相沉积 , 岗巴 — 

定日地区曾是西藏特提斯演化晚期 —— 残留 

海盆的居留地 , 可提供关于西藏特提斯演化晚 

期及其最终封闭时间的良好信息。对岗巴 — 

定日地区内始新世地层剖面作了极为详细的 

研究工作 , 发现并鉴定了数量较为丰富的微体 

化石 , 在此基础上对西藏特提斯晚期沉积环境 

的演变进行了较为详细的分析 , 认为岗巴地区 

遮普惹组砂页岩段的时代与定日遮普惹组砂 

页岩段的时代相同或略晚于后者 , 两者基本上 

属同期异相沉积 , 含相同的浮游有孔虫 Morozovella 

spinulosa- Acarinina bullbrooki 组合 ; 藏 

南最高海相层 —— 遮普惹组砂页岩段顶部的 

时代应为晚始新世 Priabonian 早期 , 它代表着 

西藏 — 特提斯海在藏南最终消亡的时间。 

2006040090 

巴西南部巴拉那盆地泥盆纪几丁虫类新种及 

其生物地层意义 = New chitinozoan species 

from the Devonian of the Parana Basin, south 

Brazil, and their biostratigraphic significance. 

( 英文 ). Gaugris K D A; Grahn Y. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(2): 293-310 

Devonian chitinozoans from two wells in the 

north-northwestern outcrop belt of the Parana 

Basin, and three in the eastern outcrop belt of the 

29

same basin, have been investigated for this study. 

A new, hitherto undescribed chitinozoan assemblage 

of Early Devonian, pre-late Emsian age is 

recognized above the Rantochitina magnifica 

Lange interval range Zone, in addition to new 

species from younger Devonian beds. A new 

Early Devonian biozone, the Ancyrochitina 

pachycerata interval range Zone, is erected. Altogether, 

16 new species are described of which 

10 are left in open nomenclature due to insufficient 

number of well-preserved specimens. The 

biostratigraphy of the new chitinozoan species is 

compared with the chitinozoa and miospore 

zones previously recognized in the Parana Basin, 

and to standard conodont zonation. 

孢粉 

2006040091 

美国南卡罗来纳州上白垩统麦斯特里希特阶 

孢粉生物分带 = A palynological biozonation 

for the Maastrichtian Stage (Upper Cretaceous) 

of South Carolina, USA. ( 英文 ). Christopher R 

A;Prowell D C. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 

23(6): 639-669 

Three palynological biozones are proposed for 

the Maastrichtian Stage of South Carolina. In 

ascending stratigraphic order, the biozones are 

the Carolinapollis triangularis (Ct) Interval Biozone, 

the Holkopollenites chemardensis (Hc) 

Interval Biozone, and the Sparganiaceaepollenites 

uniformis (Su) Interval Biozone. Integration 

of the biostratigraphy with lithologic and 

geophysical log data suggests that within the 

study area, the upper and lower boundaries of 

each zone are bounded by regional unconformities, 

and that a three-fold subdivision of the 

Maastrichtian Stage is warranted. The biozonation 

is based on the analysis of 114 samples from 

24 subsurface and three outcrop sections from 

the Coastal Plain of South Carolina; samples 

from an additional seven subsurface and 18 outcrop 

sections from North Carolina and Georgia 

were examined to evaluate the geographic extent 

of the biozones. One new genus and five new 

species of pollen are described, and emendations 

are presented for two genera and one species of 

pollen. 

2006040092 

埃及西部沙漠 Abu Gharadig-5 井晚阿尔必 

期 - 中塞诺曼期的孢粉相和孢粉地层学 = Late 

Albian–Middle Cenomanian palynofacies and 

palynostratigraphy, Abu Gharadig-5 well, Western 

Desert, Egypt. ( 英文 ). Ibrahim M I A. Cretaceous 

Research, 2002, 23(6): 775-788 

Quantitative analyses of palynomorph assemblages, 

particulate organic matter (kerogen), and 

total organic carbon (TOC) have been made on 

samples of the Albian – Cenomanian Kharita 

and Bahariya formations encountered in the Abu 

Gharadig-5 well, Western Desert, Egypt. Two 

assemblage palynozones are defined: Assemblage 

Zone A (Kharita Formation) of late Albian–early 

Cenomanian age and Assemblage 

Zone B (Bahariya Formation) of early–middle 

Cenomanian age. Palynofacies of the Kharita 

Formation suggest that sedimentation of these 

strata took place in a warm, shallow, nearshoremarine 

environment. The deposition of the lower 

Bahariya Formation took place initially in similar 

conditions but subsequently further offshore 

in somewhat deeper water of the inner shelf. The 

relatively high percentage of Ephedripites, Afropollis 

and elaterate pollen in both formations 

indicates an arid climate. The Kharita Formation 

yields kerogen types III and IV whereas the assemblages 

recovered from the Bahariya Formation 

contain types II and III. The TOC is generally 

between 0.42 and 0.65% in the Kharita 

Formation, while it ranges between 0.42 and 

0.80% in samples of the Bahariya Formation. 

The spores and pollen grains are pale in colour; 

hence little source potential for hydrocarbons is 

indicated. 

2006040093 

苏北盆地晚更新世以来的孢粉记录与气候地 

层学的初步研究 = A study of pollen and climatic 

stratigraphy in the northern Jiangsu Basin 

since Late Pleistocene. ( 中文 ). 萧家仪 ; 王丹 ; 吕 

海波 ; 赵志军 ; 舒强 ; 陈晔 ; 张茂恒 ; 郭平 . 古生物 

学报 , 2005, 44(4): 591-598 

苏北盆地是我国西部高原至东部海洋之间 

的过渡地区 , 该地区的气候演变史对揭示东 

亚季风的时空变化有着重要的意义。根据气 

候地层学的原理 , 用孢粉分析的方法 , 结合 

^14C 测年数据 , 再造了兴化地区自倒数第二 

次冰期以来的古植被与古环境 , 其演变史能 

与深海氧同位素记录进行良好的对比 , 孢粉 

带 Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ 分别对应深海氧同位 

素阶段 5、4、3、2、1, 且孢粉带 Ⅲ 细分的 5 

个亚带与 MIS 5a-5e 也有良好的对应。此外 , 

从该地区末次冰期孢粉记录中检索出 6 次冷 

事件 , 通过与格陵兰冰芯及会宁黄土记录对 

比 , 推测这些冷事件可能对应于末次冰期气 

候变化中的 Heinrich 事件。 

2006040094 

长江三角洲东缘晚新近纪沉积的孢粉与古环 

境研究 = Studies on palynological assemblages 

and paleoenvironment of Late Quaternary in the 

east margin of the Changjiang ( Yangtze ) 

River delta. ( 中文 ). 贾丽 ; 张玉兰 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2006, 23(1): 70-76 

30

作者对长江三角洲东缘地区的南汇鹤鸣孔 

(Hm)、东海 1 井、高桥 G2 孔 3 口钻井晚 

新近纪地层的孢粉作了研究和对比 , 划分出 

了 6 个孢粉组合带和 3 个亚带 , 恢复了本地 

区植被演替、气候波动的 6 个阶段 : 第 1 阶 

段为稀疏的针叶、落叶阔叶混交林 , 反映气 

候凉冷稍湿 ; 第 2 阶段为针叶阔叶混交林 - 草 

地 , 反映气候温凉略湿 ; 第 3 阶段为含常绿 

阔叶树的针叶阔叶混交林 , 反映气候温和略 

干 ; 第 4 阶段为以常绿栎类、栲属、杨梅等 

为主的常绿阔叶林 , 反映气候热暖潮湿 ; 第 

5 阶段是以栎、松、禾本科为主的针叶、阔 

叶混交林 , 反映气候温暖略干 ; 第 6 阶段是 

以落叶栎类、常绿栎类、松为主的落叶阔 

叶、常绿阔叶、针叶混交林 - 草地 , 反映气候 

温暖湿润。这种气候波动与世界性气候变化 

相一致 , 为本地区的地层年代划分和对比提 

供了新的证据 , 为晚新近纪古植被、古气 

候、古环境的重建提供了重要的孢粉学资 

料。 

2006040095 

新疆乌伦古湖全新世以来高分辨率的孢粉记 

录与环境变迁 = High resolution sporopollen 

record and environmental change since Holocene 

in the Wulungu Lake, Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 肖 

霞云 ; 蒋庆丰 ; 刘兴起 ; 肖海丰 ; 沈吉 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2006, 23(1): 77-86 

根据新疆乌伦古湖钻孔剖面高分辨率的孢 

粉研究 , 得出全新世以来研究区的气候经历 

了四个大的阶段 : 约 9.99—7.72cal.kaBP 

期间 , 气候温暖干旱 ; 7.72 — 

3.62cal.kaBP, 气候由温和偏湿逐渐转向温 

暖偏干 ;3.62—1.24cal.kaBP, 气候由寒冷 

干旱逐渐转向寒冷偏湿到温和湿润 ; 

1.24cal.kaBP 至今 , 气候总体上温和干旱。在 

这四个大阶段的气候背景下 , 还存在 

8.90cal.kaBP 和 8.35cal.kaBP 左右、3.62— 

2.80cal.kaBP 期间、0.82—0.45cal.kaBP 期 

间和约 0.23cal.kaBP 时的突然变冷事件。本 

剖面的孢粉组合在约 9.99—7.72cal.kaBP 期 

间反映的是湖区的植被 , 早期为以芦苇为主 

的水生植物群落 , 随后演替成以黑三棱为主 

的水生植物群落 ; 自 7.72cal.kaBP 以后 , 孢 

粉组合反映的是区域植被 , 与气候相应的区 

域植被依次经历了荒漠草原 → 荒漠 → 荒漠草 

原 → 草原或荒漠草原 → 草原 → 荒漠 → 荒漠草 

原的多次演替。 

2006040096 

印度半岛尼欧克姆阶 - 阿普特阶剖面的孢粉学 

定年 = Palynological dating of the Neocomian–Aptian 

succession in the Indian Peninsula. 

( 英文 ). Vijaya. Cretaceous Research, 1999, 

20(5): 597-608 

Patterns of occurrences of spore-pollen species 

in Neocomian – Aptian palynological assemblages 

are significant for characterizing Lower 

Cretaceous palynofloras. Using palaeofloristic 

differentiation, emphasis has been placed on first 

appearance datums (FADs) of key species in the 

palynological zonation scheme presented in this 

paper. The basic data that have been analysed 

are from the subsurface Lower Cretaceous Rajmahal 

Formation in the Panagarh area, West 

Bengal. The successive first appearances of the 

following taxa are the main criteria for identifying 

palynological zones: Cicatricosisporites australiensis, 

Crybelosporites stylosus and 

Aequitriradites spinulosus followed by Foraminisporis 

wonthaggiensis. The next phase in 

species change-over, which is characteristic of 

the Neocomian – Aptian palynoflora, is indicated 

by the appearances of Coptospora microgranulosa, 

Triporoletes simplex, Foraminisporis 

asymmetricus andCrybelosporites striatus . By 

Barremian–Aptian times maximum diversity of 

the palynomorph assemblages was attained, reflecting 

provincialism from west to east in India. 

Varied environments of deposition are also reflected 

by the Neocomian–Aptian assemblages. 

The palynozones recognized in the Rajmahal 

Formation are: (1) Cicatricosisporites australiensis 

(Late Tithonian–Berriasian), (2) Foraminisporis 

wonthaggiensis (Valanginian – 

Hauterivian), (3) Foraminisporis asymmetricus 

(Barremian – Early Aptian). These have been 

recognized in other Mesozoic basins on the Indian 

Peninsula, enabling more precise dating of 

assemblages that have previously been referred 

to merely as Microcachryidites antarcticus or 

Neocomian–Aptian assemblages. 

2006040097 

江汉盆地渔洋组上部的古新世孢粉组合 = 

Paleocene palynoflora from upper member of 

Yuyang Formation, Jianghan Basin of central 

China. ( 中文 ). 刘耕武 ; 李伟同 ; 张清如 ; 陈钦保 ; 

肖传桃 ; 李群 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 60-68 2 

图版 . 

20 世纪 70 至 80 年代 , 几乎所有关于江汉 

盆地跑马岗组和渔洋组的古生物文献都将其 

时代确定为晚白垩世。李伟同在深入地研究 

了跑马岗组标准剖面上的轮藻化石后提出跑 

马岗组大部分属于古新统。取自层位与跑马 

岗组相当的渔洋组上段上部的岩芯样品经分 

析后获得了丰富的孢粉化石。这一组合总的 

面貌与王大宁等获得的晚白垩世渔洋组的第 

三组合区别明显 , 而与古近纪的新沟嘴组的 

第四组合相似处很多。在该孢粉植物群中 , 

31

常见于当地的晚白垩世分子 , 如希指蕨孢 

属、克拉梭粉属、江汉粉属、刺参粉属、鹰 

粉属等没有或极少见到。而在本组合常见的 

南岭粉属、五边粉属、漆树粉属等多出现在 

我国南方古新世地层中。因此 , 其时代很有 

可能为古新世。如果是这样 , 渔洋组上部有 

可能跨越了白垩系和古近系界线。从当前孢 

粉植物群含有很多亚热带成分以及麻黄粉属 

以及胡颓子粉属、忍冬粉属等看 , 它反映了 

江汉盆地当时偏干旱的亚热带气候。 

2006040098 

俄罗斯东部白垩纪和早第三纪陆相孢粉带 = 

Palynological zonation of the continental Cretaceous 

and lower Tertiary of eastern Russia. ( 英 

文 ). Markevitch V S. Cretaceous Research, 

1994, 15(2): 165-177 

Fourteen palynological zones are recognized 

in the Cretaceous and Palaeocene exposed along 

the Pacific coast of Russia, from Primorye in the 

south to Chukotka in the extreme north-east. 

Each palynozone corresponds to a distinct stage 

of floristic evolution. The palynological correlation 

scheme incorporates all data from marine 

faunas, macroflora, and continental faunas (e.g., 

dinosaurs). Comparisons with palynological 

zonations for other parts of Asia, North America, 

and Australia reveal a potential for inletcontinental 

palynological correlation of Cretaceous 

and Palaeocene rocks. 

2006040099 

西班牙北部下白垩统 Ereño 石灰岩孢型 = 

Palynomorphs from the Lower Cretaceous Ereño 

Limestone (northern Spain). ( 英文 ). Fechner G 

G;Gruber G. Cretaceous Research, 1991, 12(3): 

333-338 

2006040100 

陕西铜川晚三叠世孢粉植物群及其环境意义 

= Palynoflora and its environmental significance 

of the Late Triassic in Tongchuan, Shaanxi 

Province. ( 中文 ). 江德昕 ; 王永栋 ; 魏江 . 古地理 

学报 , 2006, 8(1): 23-34 

本文基于陕西铜川地区上三叠统永坪组和 

瓦窑堡组发现的孢子花粉化石 28 属 46 种的 

研究 , 建立了研究区晚三叠世早期至晚期孢 

粉植物群。根据孢粉植物群的特征探讨了该 

区晚三叠世古生态、古气候、古地理和沉积 

环境。研究结果认为研究区晚三叠世早期古 

气候和沉积环境有利于石油的形成 , 晚期古 

气候和沉积环境有利于煤炭和天然气的形 

成。 

2006040101 

上海东部地区全新世孢粉组合及古植被和古 

气候 = Palynological assemblages and palaeovegetation 

and palaeoclimate of the Holocene 

in eastern Shanghai. ( 中文 ). 张玉兰 . 古地理学 

报 , 2006, 8(1): 35-41 

通过对上海东部地区南汇鹤鸣 Hm 孔、东 

海 Dh1 井、高桥 G2 孔 3 口钻井全新世地层 

的孢粉研究 , 划分出 5 个孢粉组合带 , 恢复 

了本地区古植被演替和古气候波动的 5 个阶 

段 : 第 1 阶段为针阔叶混交林一草地 , 反映 

气候温凉略湿 ( 前北方期 ); 第 2 阶段为含 

常绿阔叶树的针阔叶混交林 , 反映气候温和 

略干 ( 北方期 ); 第 3 阶段为以常绿栎类、 

栲属、杨梅等为主的常绿阔叶林 , 反映气候 

热暖潮湿 ( 大西洋期 ); 第 4 阶段是以栎、 

松、禾本科为主的针阔叶混交林 , 反映气候 

温暖略干 ( 亚北方期 ); 第 5 阶段是以落叶 

栎类、常绿栎类、松为主的落叶阔叶、常绿 

阔叶、针叶混交林 - 草地 , 反映气候温暖湿润 

( 亚大西洋期 )。这为本地区的年代地层划 

分和对比提供了可靠的证据 , 为全新世古植 

被、古气候及古环境的重建提供了重要的孢 

粉学资料。 

2006040102 

福建泰宁白垩纪红层植物及孢粉化石组合特 

征 = The assemblage and characters of floras 

and sporo-poilen fossils in the Cretaceous redbed 

basin of Taining County, Fujian Province. 

( 中文 ). 梁诗经 ; 文斐成 ; 陈润生 ; 陈斯盾 ; 林亨才 ; 

陈泽霖 ; 冯宗帜 . 福建地质 , 2006, 25(1): 1-9 

泰宁白垩纪红层盆地由朱口、梅口、龙安 

3 个盆地组成 , 盆地内出露的岩石地层为沙 

县组和崇安组。近期工作 , 首次在龙安盆地 

沙县组采获植物化石和孢粉化石 , 梅口盆地 

崇安组采获孢粉化石。根据植物化石及孢粉 

组合特征 , 沙县组地质时代为晚白垩世早、 

中期。相当于赛诺曼期 - 土仑期 

(Cenomanian—Turonian), 崇安组为晚白 

垩世晚期 , 相当于康尼亚克期 - 马斯特里赫特 

期 (Coniacian--Maastrichtian)。依据泰宁梅 

口盆地崇安组孢粉组合特征 , 建立晚白垩世 

晚期 Pinuspollenites-Ulmipollenites minor 组 

合 , 以代表福建白垩纪第 Ⅵ 孢粉组合。 

2006040103 

内蒙古海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组孢粉化石及其 

时代浅析 = Sporopollen fossil of the Damoguaihe 

Formation and its age in Hailaer Basin, 

Inner Mongolia. ( 中文 ). 黄清华 ; 赵来时 ; 卢占武 ; 

党毅敏 ; 王立群 ; 孔惠 . 地质科技情报 , 2006, 

25(1): 19-26 

海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组所产孢粉化石分属 

于 3 个孢粉组合。下部孢粉组合以蕨类植物 

32

海金沙科孢子为主 , 重要分子有 

Cicntriconsporites nustfnliensis,Cyathidites 

minor,C.gracilis,C.minutaestriatus, 

Appendicisporites problematicus,A. jonsoni. 

Pilosisporites verus, Impardecispora a piverrucata.I.purverulenta, 

Triporolnesreticulates, 

Aequitriradites echinatus 等 ; 中部孢粉组合则以 

两气囊花粉如 Pinus pollenites, 

Piceaepollenites,Abietineaepollenites, 

Abiespollenites 等占绝大多数。同时见少量被 

子植物花粉 Asteropollis sp.,Tricolpites 

sp. 等 ; 上部孢粉组合中裸子植物花粉略有 

减少 , 但仍占重要地位 , 重要分子有 

Cicatricosisporites austmliensis, 

Cminutaestriatus,C.gushanensis, 

lmpardecisporu purverulenta,Foraminisporites 

wonthagiensis,Aequitriradites verrucosus, 

Triporoletes singularis,T. reticulates,Polyporites? 

sp. 等。上述孢粉组合大 

体可与松辽盆地登娄库组 , 黑龙江省东都城 

子河组、穆棱组 , 辽西地区沙海组、阜新组 

等对比 , 代表了中国北方早白垩世特有的植 

物群面貌 , 而其中 Asteropollis,Tricolpites 和 

Polyporites 等被子植物花粉化石的发现 , 可 

能暗示大磨拐河组的时代为早白垩世中、晚 

期的巴列姆 (Barremian) 期一阿普第 

(Aptian) 期 , 其上部可能上廷至早阿尔必 

(Albian) 期。 

2006040104 

藏北加措地区晚白垩世孢粉化石的发现及意 

义 = Discovery of sporo-pollen fossil of Upper 

Cretaceous epoch on the Jiacuo district in North 

Tibet and its implication. ( 中文 ). 贺永忠 ; 易成 

兴 ; 熊兴国 ; 岳龙 ; 朱勋 . 贵州地质 , 2006, 23(1): 

32-35 

在 1:25 万丁固、加措幅地质调查中 , 首次 

于加措地区红层中发现 Schixzaeois porites, 

Cyathidtes, Hammenia, Classopllis annulatus, 

Exespollenites 等丰富孢粉化石 , 结合上、下地 

层安山岩的测年数据 , 从该套地层划出晚白垩 

世阿布山组 , 为该地区红层时代的归属提供证 

据 . 

2006040105 

藏南昂仁县贡久布地区晚二叠世孢粉组合的 

特征及其意义 = Characteristics and significance 

of the Late Permian sporopoilen assemblage 

in the Gongjiubu area, Ngamring, southern 

Tibet, China. ( 中文 ). 杜凤军 ; 卢书炜 ; 高联达 ; 张 

彦启 ; 贾共祥 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(1-2): 168-172 

贡久布一带的敌布错组分布于隆格尔一南 

木林地层分区 , 含较丰富的孢子花粉化石 , 

以华夏植物群孢子花粉为特征 , 同时采获大 

量的植物化石 , 其时代为晚二叠世早期。根 

据地层中孢子花粉的演化规律 , 可建立 

Vetreisporites signatus-Limitisporites rectus 孢 

粉组合带。丰富了古生物学的研究内容 , 为 

研究该区晚二叠世的沉积环境、古生态、生 

物古地理分区和地质演化历史提供了基础资 

料。结合区域资料分析 , 认为植物组合由冈 

瓦纳植物群与华夏植物群混生到典型华夏植 

物群是逐渐演化的。 

2006040106 

论克拉棱粉外壁的超微结构 : 西伯利亚侏罗 

纪的一个孢体 = On the ultrastructure of classopollis 

exine:a tetrad from the Jurassic of Siberia. 

( 中文 ). . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 1-7 1 图版 . 

通过对西西伯利亚西南部某钻孔中侏罗统 

上部 (Callovian,Tyumen 组 ) 所获得的一个 

Classopollis 的四孢体光学显微镜和切片的透 

射电镜观察研究后认识到 ,Classopollis 的外 

壁超微结构与它复杂的外部形态一致。外壁 

由几层组成 : 上部均质层 , 具不平的外、内 

表面 , 中间均质层 , 穴状层和下部均质层。 

在它们之间的柱状体和穴在赤道区更明显。 

这种结构与光学显微镜下所见的条纹圈相 

当。环沟 ( 亚赤道沟 ) 是由柱状区和远极面之间 

的外壁突然变薄形成的。近极区的穴较之赤 

道区的要小且形状较不规则。外壁远极面较 

近极面为簿。远极面隐孔区无穴。比较表明 

此种花粉与掌鳞杉科花粉形态相似。 

2006040107 

印度 Mahanadi 盆地井下二叠纪下冈瓦纳岩 

层的微体植物化石组合 = Mioflorall assemblage 

of the subsurface lower gondwana rocks of 

Parmina in parts of Mahanadi Basin,India. ( 中 

文 ). . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 13-21 2 图版 . 

Mahanadi 河盆地的冈瓦纳型诸盆地位于印 

度的近中心地区 , 呈北西 — 东南走向分布。 

Mahanadi 主要盆地内的几个重要煤田为 

Korda 煤田 ,Mand—Raigarh 煤田和 Ib 河煤 

田。Korda 煤田的冈瓦纳系沉积向南东向延 

伸 , 经 Mand—Raigarh 煤田延续至 Ib 河煤 

田。Korda 和 Ib 河两个煤田储量巨大 , 且长 

期来有小构造活动 ; 而 Mand—Raigarh 煤田 

至今很少受到重视 , 勘探开发晚得多。文中 

首次对 Mand-Raigarh 煤田 5 个钻孔样品作了 

孢粉研究 , 以初现面、相对丰度等为特征 , 

划分出 7 个孢粉组合带 , 时代从二叠纪最早 

期 (Talchir 组 ) 至二叠纪末期 (Raniga 由组 )。填 

补了东西两个煤田之间的生物地层研究空 

白。7 个孢粉组合带为 :i)Parasaccites- 

Plicatipollenites assemblage zone ( 相当于 

Talchir 组 ),ii)Sulcatisporites-Brevitriletes 

33

assemblage zone ( 相当于下 Barakar 组 ),iii) 

Sulcatisporites-Rhizomaspora assemblage zone 

( 少量 Densipollenites 存在说明其相当于上 

Barakar 组 ) , iv) Densipollenites- 

Striatopodocarpites assemblage zone ( 相当于 

Barren Measures 组 ),v)Striatopodocarpites- 

Densipollenites assemblage zone ( 相当于下 

Raniganj 组 ) , vi)Striatopodocarpites- 

Densipollenites-Sulcatisporites assemblage zone 

( 相当于上 Raniganj 组 ) 

vii)Sriatopodocarpites-Alisporites assemblage 

zone ( 相当于 Raniganj 最上部到 Kamthi 组最 

下部 ),Raniganj 组沉积中见到小的皱缩裂 

隙、植物垂直根和根的印痕 , 似代表古土 

壤。 

2006040108 

根据孢粉资料确定伏尔加地区弗拉阶和法门 

阶界线 = The Frasnian-Famennian boudnary in 

the volgogard volga reglon by palynological data. 

( 中文 ). . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 22-30 2 图版 . 

俄罗斯伏尔加格勒伏尔加地区上泥盆统弗 

拉阶和法门阶的界线以 3 种剖面类型为代 

表。第一种类型的界线剖面广泛分布于俄罗 

斯地台 , 但两阶之间有沉积间断。第二种类 

型剖面地层发育较完整 , 即 Volgogradian 层 

直覆于 Livendian 层之上。前者以 

Corbulispora viminea-Geminospora vasjamica 

孢子组合带为特征。第三种类型剖面存在于 

前里海 (Pre-Caspian) 凹陷的西侧 , 是最近根据 

孢粉资料确定的 ; 地层剖面不完整 , 在中弗 

拉阶的 Semilukian 层有剥蚀面 , 上覆以不同 

时代的 ( 弗拉期或法门期 ) 盖层。 

2006040109 

中国北方上新世降温事件及其对温度纬度梯 

度变化的影响 = Pliocene cooling before the ice 

ages in North China. ( 中文 ). 刘耕武 ;Estella B L. 

古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 31-38 

中晚上新世是现代气候形成过程个的关键 

时期。此时因为极区气候迅速变冷 , 北极永 

久冰川形成。根据在同一地区 ( 剖面 ) 获得的古 

地磁年代资料 , 发现山西榆社及河北泥河湾 

的孢粉资料记录了在松山 / 高斯极性事件界 

线附近 ( 约 2.5Ma) 的一次明显的降温事件。山 

西榆社的孢粉资料还记录了在约 2.7Ma- 

2.8Ma 的一次降温事件。这些降温事件主要 

是因为个球性气候变化引起的 , 北极圈附近 

和西伯利亚的冷高压大大地降低了我国 , 特 

别是我国北方的冬季气温。与此同时 , 位于 

北极圈附近的阿拉斯加发生了更为强烈的降 

温事件。比较两地相当时期的降温幅度 , 可 

以发现因为不同纬度的降温幅度不同使得温 

度的纬度变化梯度比降温事件发生前大大增 

加了 , 由原来的纬度每增加一度降低约 0.3℃ 

增大到约 0.5℃. 

2006040110 

印度东北部白垩纪一第三纪 Xylariaceae 化石 

孢子 = Fosil xylariaceae spores from the Cretaceous 

and Tertiary sediments of northeastern 

India. ( 中文 ). Bharati N; Subhra B; Atreyee S. 

古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 56-67 2 图版 . 

在印度东北部白垩纪 - 第三纪沉积中发现了 

各种类型单沟无隔壁的 Xylariaceae 化石孢子 , 

例如 :Hypoxylonites, Spirotremesporites. Hypaxylonites 

等共计 15 种 , 其中 6 新种 , 它们是 

Hypoxylonites bhubanensis, H. elsikii, H. minimus, 

H. neogenicus, H. subrotundus 和 H. thindii, 

Hypoxylonites 在本地区一般出现于晚白垩 

世地层中 , 占化石微体植物群总数的 3%, 而在 

始新世它们的含量上升到植物群总数的 20%, 

从中新世直到早上新世这类孢子类型最多 , 含 

量最高 , 达植物群总数的 40%, 到晚上新世含 

量突然下降 , 而 Spirotremesporites 在白垩纪未 

发现 , 到晚始新世时才出现 , 仅占孢粉总数的 

5%, 中新世时达 25%, 到上新世末衰落 , 该属 

含 5 新种 , Spirotremespores ellipticus, S. 

longilentus, S. miocenicus, S. reniformis, S. tertiarus. 

考虑到和这些种共生的 Xylaria, Hypoxylon, 

Rosellinia 及 Daldina 的孢子以及它们 

的地层分布 , 这类孢子的演化历史可能是受沉 

积盆地附近的古气候控制的 . 

2006040111 

新疆塔里木盆地奥陶纪冷水型胞石 = Coldwater 

chitinozoan species from the Ordovician 

sediments in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China. ( 中 

文 ). 唐鹏 ; 耿良玉 ; 张师本 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(1): 104-110 1 图版 . 

文内描述了在新疆塔里木盆地覆盖区 QB-1 

井 ( 黑土凹组 ) 和 TZ-32 井 ( 却尔却克组 ) 中发现 

的 3 种奥陶纪冷水型胞石 , 即 Tanuchitina sp. 

cf. achabae Paris, Linochitina pissotensis Paris 

和 Siphonochitina bella sp. nov., 时代为中到晚 

奥陶世 . 冷水型胞石在奥陶纪主要分布于冈瓦 

纳大陆北缘和英国等中高纬度地区 , 沿冈瓦纳 

大陆边缘向北的洋流将这些中高纬度的表层 

冷水型胞石带入低纬度的塔里木板块内 , 热带 

下沉作用能使它们在深水的盆地相中获得适 

宜的环境温度而得以生存 . 

2006040112 

西班牙西北部 San Isidro 和 Leitariegos 地区 

全新世孢粉学的比较研究 = Comparative palynological 

analysis between the San Isidro and 

Leitariegos Holocene sequences, NW Spain. ( 中 

文 ). M A Fombella Baanco; E Garcia-Roves 

34

Fernadez; E Puente Garcia. 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(1): 111-117 

文中报道了西班牙西北部 San Isidro 和 

Leitariegos 地区两口钻井全新世孢粉学比较研 

究的结果 . 孢粉分种析结果显示了两地孢粉组 

合成分上的不同 . 根据从 San Isidro 地区泥炭 

沼泽获得的孢粉组合中乔木和灌木花粉百分 

含量变化 , 建立了两个组合带 . 孢粉植物群代 

表了一个松属占统治地位的森林 , 桦属、栎 

属、榛属等花粉含量变化序列可能和气温升 

高 , 降雨量增加有关 . 根据乔木花粉相对丰度 

变化 , Leitariegos 地区钻井剖面建立了 3 个孢 

粉组合 . 桦木属花粉含量增加说明是桦树林 , 

栎属和榛属花粉居次要地位 , 松属花粉含量下 

降 . 文中还总结了两个孢粉序列所反映的人类 

活动、植被演替以及地形景观改变等之间的 

关系 . 两地钻井剖面底部碳同位素年代测定表 

明二者的底部并不同时 . 

2006040113 

俄罗斯阿穆尔河东部上泽亚坳陷始新统孢粉 

= Pollen and spores from the Eocene strata of the 

Upper Zeya depression, east to River Amur, 

Russia. ( 中文 ). Tat'yana V K. 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(1): 118-125 

报道一个产于上泽亚 (Uupper Zeya) 坳陷 ( 东 

经 129-130°, 北纬 54-55°) 东南部 , 保存良好 

的化石孢粉植物群 . 孢粉组合中裸子植物花粉 

居统治地位 , 占总数的 53.4%, 其中 

Taxodiaceae 占 36.3%, 松科仅占 5%. 被子植物 

花粉占 39.9%, 多为葇荑花序类 , 如胡桃科、 

桦木科、山毛榉科等 ; 同时还有不少反映温暖 

气候的分子 , 如 Liquidambar, Balsaminaceae, 

Magnoliaceae, Nyssaceae 等 . 孢子植物占 21%. 

这样的孢粉植物群代表了潮湿温暖的温带气 

候 . 孢粉学至今在坳陷区内仍是人们用以确定 

地层时代的唯一依据 . Pistillipollenites macgregorii, 

Anacolosiditessuplingensis, Ulmoideipites 

tricostatus 及 U. crempii 等的出现 

可以确定含孢粉地层的地质时代属于中 - 晚始 

新世 . 斯涅日诺戈斯克产煤区中晚始新世沉积 

中的孢粉层位与普里阿姆尔耶 , 雅库提亚和亚 

洲东北部的同期沉积相当 . 

2006040114 

日本中部北陆地区大陆架松任市水下森林的 

孢粉学研究 = Palynological investigation of the 

matto submerged forest on the continental shelf 

in the japan sea off the tedori-gawa alluvial fan, 

the Hokuriku region, Central Japan. ( 中文 ). 藤 

则雄 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 126-137 

松任市水下森林于 1998 年发现 , 位于日本 

中部北陆地区松任市 Hama sogo 和 Kurabe 附 

近手取河现代冲积扇 2-3km 外的 20-30 m 水 

下 , 呈树桩、树根或直立的树干保存 . 这一发 

现证明在早全新世当地有森林发育 , 森林的主 

要成分有 Alnus, Quercus, Morus, Fraxinus. 14 C 

年代为距今 8 000-10 000a. 孢粉分析显示沼泽 

植物 , 如 Alnus, Salix, Cryptomeria, Gramineae, 

Numphaceae 丰富 , Lepidobalanus, Castanea, 

Fraxinus 常见 , 而 Fagus cf. crenata, Pinus 少见 . 

硅藻表明其在森林发育时期当地为淡水或小 

湖泊 . 因此 , 当时森林生长在古手取河冲积扇 

边缘的沼泽地区 , 寒温带的 Sasa-Fagetum crenate 

群丛 (Association) 的 Alnus japonica 群落 

(Community) 广泛分布 , 推测年均温比现代要 

低几度 . 水下森林的形成时间和冰期后气候变 

暖所引起的海平面上升相一致 , 推测可能由于 

海水水位上升 , 古手取河洪水从上游冲下的碎 

屑物掩埋了当时的森林形成了现在的水下森 

林 . 因为日本海沿岸的洋流冲刷而使得这些化 

石森林显露出来 . 当前的水下森林和 Nyuzen 

水下森林是目前世界上已知仅有的两处大陆 

架上的水下森林 . 

2006040115 

根据日本中部琵琶湖深井孢粉资料重建第四 

纪古植被和古气候及全球古气候对比 = Palaeovegetation 

and palaeoclimate during the 

Quaternary period based on the long cores from 

Lake Biwa, Central Japan, and global correlation 

of the palaeoclimate records. ( 中文 ). 藤则雄 . 古 

生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 138-147 

根据日本中部琵琶湖深井钻探资料研究了 

过去 3Ma 的古植被、地层及古气候 . 由湖底 

取得的 200m 和 1 400m 样品的孢粉组合可分 

别划分出 19 个和 37 个带 , 反映了湖区及其周 

围自晚上新世以来的古植被和古气候演变史 . 

在冰期阶时琵琶湖附近山区的典型植被为亚 

北极带 , 低地为冷温带 . 而在间冰期阶里山区 

一般为温带或冷温带植被 , 低地则主要由落叶 

和常绿树组成的温带和暖温带的植被 . 在进行 

过去 3Ma 古植被、古气候演变对比中 , 当地 

古气候史和以下资料显示出明显的一致 , 例如 

加勒比海、西太平洋及赤道海洋的氧同位素 

资料 , 地中海西部 (Mallorca) 的沉积旋回 , 欧洲 

中部的风成沉积序列 , 日本关东和新几内亚的 

海平面变化记录 , 以及在南美波哥大高地和以 

色列死海裂谷根据孢粉得出的古气候变化记 

录 . 

2006040116 

东海陆架西南部台北坳陷古近纪孢粉植物群 

的时空分布 = Succession and distribution of the 

Paleogene palynoflora in the southwestern continent 

shelf of the East China Sea. ( 中文 ). 张一 

勇 ; 姜亮 ; 李建国 ; 王建平 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 

42(1): 223-238 2 图版 . 

35

详细叙述东海陆架西南部台北坳陷古近纪 

不同凹陷区各时期孢粉植物群展布情况。区 

内古近纪孢粉植物群可分为早古新世、晚古 

新世、早始新世和中始新世 4 个发育阶段 , 

早古新世孢粉植物群仅见于坳陷西南的局部 

地区 , 称 Abietineaepollenities/Cedripites- 

Parcisporites-Momipites leffingwellii 组合 , 晚 

古新世孢粉植物群分 4 种类型 , 椒江凹陷称 

Taxodiaceaepollenites-Engelhardtioidites- 

Momipites leffingwellii 组合 , 丽水 - 福州凹陷 

称 Taxodiacenepollenites-Myricaceoipollenites- 

Momipites leffingwellii 组合 , 闽江凹陷南部称 

Taxodiaceaepollenites-Momipites leffingwellii 

组合 , 闽江册陷北部称 Lygodiumsporites- 

Cicatricosisporites dorogensis-Tiliaepollenites- 

Bombacacidites 组合。早始新世孢粉植物群具 

南北差异 , 北部以海金沙科和椴科孢粉植物 

发育为特征 , 南部以海金沙科、椴科和杨海 

科孢粉植物群发育为特征 , 以上均指示为湿 

热的亚热带气候。中始新世本区孢粉植物群 

比较一致 , 称 Cicatricosisporties dorogensis- 

Ephedripites(D)-Nitrariadites 组合 , 指示为受 

到干旱气候影响的亚热带气候。区内缺失渐 

新统 , 故无渐新世孢粉记录。 

2006040117 

东海陆架西南部台北坳陷新近纪孢粉植物群 

演替 = Neogene palynofloral successions from 

Taibei depression in southwestern continent 

shelf of the East China Sea. ( 中文 ). 李建国 ; 姜 

亮 ; 张一勇 ; 王建平 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(2): 

239-256 3 图版 . 

对东海陆架西南部台北坳陷 13 口钻井孢粉 

分析表明 , 本地区新近纪植物群经历了 3 个 

发展阶段 , 即 :1) 早中新世早期松科花粉优 

势期 ;2) 早、中中新世阿丁枫科花粉繁盛 

期 ;3) 晚中新世至早上新世草本被子植物发 

展期。各时期孢粉植物群在横向上几乎没有 

大的区别 , 表明新近纪整个坳陷内构造与沉 

积环境及其变迁具有很好的一致性。植物群 

演替反映古气候从早中新世早期的湿润温凉 

到早、中中新世的暖湿 , 最后 ( 晚中新世至早 

上新世 ) 又趋温凉的变化历程。 

2006040118 

末次冰期以来湛江湖光岩玛珥湖孢粉记录及 

古环境变化 = A Study of pollen and environment 

in the Huguangyan Maar lake since the last 

glaciantion. ( 中文 ). 吕厚远 ; 刘嘉麒 ; 储国强 ; 厄 

兆炎 ;Negendank J;Schettler G;Mingram J. 古生 

物学报 , 2003, 42(2): 284-291 

通过对湛江湖光岩玛珥湖钻孔孢粉记录的 

研究认为 , 末次冰期以来 , 该区植被类型从 

早期的南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林依次演替 

为 , 中亚热带常绿、落叶阔叶林 → 南亚热带 

季风常绿阔叶林 → 中亚热带常绿 — 落叶阔 

叶 — 针叶混交林 ( 湖边草地 )→ 热带季雨林 → 半 

常绿季雨林。气候最寒冷的时期温度比目前 

至少降低了 4—6℃ 以上。全新世早期相对于 

旱。 

2006040119 

内蒙古准格尔旗早二叠世早期煤层孢子花 

粉 — 古生态个案分析 = Early Early Permian 

spores from coals of the heidaigou coal-mine, 

Jungar Qi, Nei Mongol—A case study of palaeoecology. 

( 中文 ). 欧阳舒 ; 朱怀诚 ; 高峰 . 古生 

物学报 , 2003, 42(3): 428-441 2 图版 . 

研究内蒙古准格尔旗黑岱沟太原组上部 6 

号煤层 3 个煤样中的孢粉 , 共发现孢粉 27 属 

43 种 , 包括藻类胞囊 3 属 3 种 , 称之为 

Punctatosporites minutus-Thymospora thiessenii-Laevigatosporites 

minutus 组合。组合 

以蕨类植物孢子占绝对优势 (98%), 其中以真 

蕨类 ( 尤其辉木 Rsaronius 之类 ) 的小单缝孢子 

( 约 >50%) 为主 , 种子蕨次之 , 楔叶类居第三 

位 , 乔木石松类孢子和科达类花粉极少。这 

种情况在华北 " 太原期 " 甚至整个二叠纪煤层 

中不同程度地普遍仔在 , 与华北几个地点已 

知煤核中植物化石以鳞木类或 / 和科达类占 

优势形成鲜明反差 , 也与欧美区晚石炭世早 

期煤层孢粉有重要区别 , 但却与美国晚石炭 

世晚期 (Stephanian) 煤层孢粉植物群近似。结 

合已有原位孢子资料 , 推论有关母体植物的 

古生态和华北二叠纪的成煤植物 , 并尝试解 

析形成上述反差的原因。 

2006040120 

新疆克拉玛依地区佳木河组若干重要孢粉类 

型 = Some important palynomorphs from the 

Jiamuhe Formation of the Karamay region, Xijiang. 

( 英文 ). 张璐瑾 . 微体古生物学报 , 2003, 

20(4): 358-364 1 图版 . 

当前的研究材料获自新疆准噶尔盆地西北 

部克拉玛依地区百口泉 424 井的佳木河组 , 

涉及部分孢子类型 , 计有 18 属 24 种 , 其中 1 

新属 3 新种。这些孢子类型的概貌与欧洲、 

北美相近 , 也有若干澳大利亚的分子 , 其时 

代为晚石炭世 - 早二叠世。 

2006040121 

新疆三塘湖盆地奎苏煤矿中侏罗世西山窑组 

孢粉组合 = A sporo-pollen assemblage from the 

Middle Jurassic Sixhanyao Formation of the 

Kuisu coal-mine in the Santanghu Basin, Xinjiang. 

( 中文 ). 黄嫔 . 微体古生物学报 , 2003, 

20(4): 425-434 2 图版 . 

36

本文系统研究了新疆三塘湖盆地奎苏煤矿 

西山窑组的孢粉化石 , 共计 38 属 70 种 , 其 

中蕨类植物孢子 13 属 18 种 , 裸子植物花粉 

25 属 52 种 , 组成以 Osmundacidites- 

Quadraceulina-Perinopollenites 为代表的孢粉 

组合。根据组合内一些重要分子地质历程的 

分析及相关组合的对比 , 其时代应归为中侏 

罗世早期。 

2006040122 

青海柴达木盆地鄂博梁 2 号井早侏罗世孢粉 

植物群及其地层意义 = Early Jurassic sporopollen 

assemblage from Well Eboliang 2 of the 

Chaidamu Basin, Qinghai and their stratigraphical 

significance. ( 中文 ). 黄嫔 ; 席萍 ; 乔子真 . 微 

体古生物学报 , 2003, 20(3): 253-265 2 图版 . 

本文系统研究了产自青海柴达木盆地鄂博 

梁 2 号井 4 501-4 852.7m 层段中的孢粉化 

石 , 共计 55 属 96 种 , 其中蕨类植物孢子 25 

属 45 种 , 裸子植物花粉 28 属 49 种 , 疑源类 

2 属 2 种。组成以 Cyathidites-Deltoidospora- 

Picertes-Quadraeculina-Classopollis 为特征的 

孢粉组合。根据组合内一些重要分子的地质 

时限讨论及与有关孢粉组合的对比 , 其时代 

应归为早侏罗世晚期。 

2006040123 

苏北滨海地区早石炭世孢子的发现 = The 

discovery of Lower Carboniferous miospores 

assemblages of from a borehole in the Binhai 

district, North Jiangsu. ( 中文 ). 杨晓清 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2003, 20(3): 270-278 3 图版 . 

作者首次在苏北滨海地区滨 - 2 井中发现了 

早石炭世的蕨类植物孢子 , 共 38 属 61 种 , 组 

成 Aurorasporamacra- Schopfites claviger(MC) 

组合 , 经研究属早石炭早期 (Tn1 b 上部 — 

Tn3)。从而补充了整个江苏地区的早石炭世 

孢子组合序列 , 并与苏南龙潭、句容、苏中的 

宝应以及国外相应的地层进行了简要对比。 

为该地区的能源勘探提供了新的地层依据。 

2006040124 

东北依兰 — 伊通地堑方正断陷方正组的建立 

及其意义 = The Fangzheng Formation of the 

Fangzheng Rift in the Northeast of the Yilan- 

Yitong Rift Valley and its significance. ( 中文 ). 

黄清华 ; 杨建国 ; 孔惠 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(2): 

138-145 

依兰 — 伊通地堑方正断陷方参 2 井 

2104.0— 3450.0 m 井段为一套红色碎屑岩 , 产 

有孢粉化石 Cicatrico-sisporites, Lygodiumsporites, 

Appendicisporites, Concavissimisporites, 

Gleicheniidites, Cyathidites, Cibotiumspora, 

Foraminisporis, Taxodiaceaepollenites, 

Inaperturopollenites, Triporopollenites 

和 Tricolporopollenites 等。依据岩性及孢粉资 

料 , 在方正断陷建立方正组 , 并认为方正组时 

代为晚白垩世早期 —— 赛诺曼期。通过与邻 

区松辽盆地泉头组、阜新盆地孙家湾组、延 

吉盆地龙井组等对比 , 认为东北地区这一套红 

层沉积具有广泛分布的特点 , 它是干热气候事 

件的产物。 

2006040125 

巴西葫芦科 Cayaponia 属植物种的花粉形态 

= Pollen morphology of Brazilian species of 

Cayaponia Silva Manso (Cucurbitaceae, Cucurbiteae). 

( 英文 ). Barth O M; Pinto da Luz C F; 

Gomes-Klein V L. Grana, 2005, 44(3): 129-136 

The pollen morphology of 30 species of 

Cayaponia (Cucurbitaceae) from Brazil and one 

from Mexico is described. Pollen grains are 

large to gigantic in size (50–>200 m diameter), 

spheroidal or suboblate, 3- to 8-zonoporate or 4- 

to 10-pantoporate. The pori are operculate and 

have an annulus. The sexine is ornamented by 

variously sized spines and numerous interjacent 

pila; in some species the capita of the pila are 

fused. The sexine (pila) and the nexine 1 (foot 

layer) together are thicker than the nexine 2 

(endexine). The species can be grouped based on 

pollen grain size, number of apertures, as well as 

pollen wall ornamentation into three pollen types 

and four subtypes. In addition to interspecific 

variation, intraspecific variation was also observed. 

Pollen identification is provided for species 

based on light microscopy. 

2006040126 

葫芦科栝楼属 (Trichosanthes) 的花粉形态 

= Pollen morphology of Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae). 

( 英文 ). Pruesapan K; Van Der Ham R. 

Grana, 2005, 44(2): 75-90 

The pollen morphology of 37 species of 

Trichosanthes was examined, using light microscopy, 

and scanning and transmission electron 

microscopy. On the basis of the diverse 

exine ornamentation it is possible to distinguish 

five pollen types. With aperture characters, two 

of them can be subdivided into subtypes. Two 

types can be characterised with ultrastructural 

features as well. It appeared that several of the 

types (alt. subtypes) correspond very well to 

existing macromorphological groupings. The 

most deviating type, including only the monotypic 

section Trichosanthes ( T. cucumerina ), 

shows verrucate ornamentation, a thick granular 

infratectum and a thin, indistinctly delimited 

nexine. It is similar to that of the Madagascan 

genus Tricyclandra . 

2006040127 

内蒙古海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组孢粉组合 = 

Palynological assemblages from the Damo- 

37

guaihe Formation in the Hailar Basin, Inner 

Mongolia. ( 中文 ). 蒙启安 ; 万传彪 ; 乔秀云 ; 孙跃 

武 ; 单玄龙 ; 徐衍彬 ; 任延广 ; 赵传本 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2003, 27(3): 173-184 1 图版 . 

海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组自下而上可以划分 

出两个孢粉组合 : 哈氏三角孢 - 微细云杉粉 

( Deltoidospora hallii-Piceaepollenites exilioides) 

组合和澳洲无突肋纹孢 - 卵形光面单缝 

孢 ( Cicatricosisporites australiensis- L aevigato-sporites 

ovatus) 组合 , 分别分布于大磨拐 

河组一段和二段 , 组合特征明显 , 可以作为研 

究区内地层划分对比的生物地层学依据之 

一。两个孢粉组合中见有属种繁多的海金沙 

科孢子及其他繁盛于早白垩世的孢子花粉 , 结 

合在数以千计的岩心样品中没有发现可靠的 

早期被子植物花粉的情况分析 , 推测产这两个 

孢粉组合的大磨拐河组的地质时代为早白垩 

世凡兰吟期 — 欧特里沃期 ( Valanginian — 

Hauterivian) , 不排除部分进入巴列姆期 ( Barrem 

ian) 的可能 . 

2006040128 

广西宁明盆地第三纪孢粉植物群及其地层意 

义 = Tertiary palynostratigraphy of the Ningming 

Basin,Guangxi. ( 中文 ). 王伟铭 ; 陈耿娇 ; 陈 

运发 ; 邝国敦 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(4): 324- 

327 

对宁明县城西北南宁至凭祥公路旁第三纪 

邕宁群露头剖面进行孢粉研究 , 所揭示的孢粉 

组合中 , 被子植物花粉以壳斗科、桦木科、金 

缕梅科、榆科和胡桃科为主 , 并零星分布草本 

植物花粉 , 包括蓼科的蓼粉属、毛茛科的毛茛 

粉属和菊科的刺面三孔沟粉属等分子 ; 裸子植 

物花粉以松科为主 , 松科主要是双束松粉属和 

单束松粉属 , 雪松粉属连续分布 , 云杉粉属在 

剖面的中下部连续出现、上部消失 , 铁杉粉属 

和油杉粉属少量断续分布 , 还见有罗汉松科罗 

汉松粉属的连续少量分布 , 以及个别的麻黄科 

麻黄粉属分子 ; 蕨类植物孢子零星。对区内地 

层与孢粉资料作综合对比 , 认为本孢粉组合所 

指示的地层时代为渐新世。因宁明盆地邕宁 

群底部以往的孢粉资料反映晚始新世特征 , 推 

测该盆地第三纪地层的时代至少为晚始新 

世 — 渐新世。 

2006040129 

乙醇在蜂蜜稀释中的应用 = The use of ETOH 

for the dilution of honey. ( 英文 ). Gretchen J; 

Vaughn B J. Grana, 2004, 43(3): 174-182 

Since the beginning of honey production, certain 

honey types are preferred because they taste 

better, are better for cooking, or do not rapidly 

crystallize. Pollen found in honey is used to determine 

the honey's type. Techniques used to 

extract pollen from honey vary in the amount of 

honey examined, the amount of water used to 

dilute the honey, and the time and speed of centrifugation. 

These variations address the disparity 

in pollen recovery that is due to the specific 

gravity and sinking rates of the different pollen 

types. Ethyl alcohol (ETOH) was used as a dilution 

liquid for honey and compared to two water-dilution 

techniques, one with a short centrifugation 

time (1 minute) and the other using a 

long centrifugation time (10 minutes). The 

ETOH samples were centrifuged for 3 minutes. 

All samples were centrifuged at 4000 r.p.m. Significantly 

higher pollen concentration values 

were found in the ETOH-diluted samples. Pollen 

concentration values of the ETOH-diluted samples 

were 5.26 times greater than water-diluted, 

short centrifugation samples, and 3.26 times 

greater than water-diluted, long centrifugation 

samples. ETOH-diluted samples produced 16% 

more taxa than the water-diluted short centrifugation 

technique, and 10% more taxa than the 

water-diluted long centrifugation technique. The 

pollen spectra were not consistent across the 

three techniques. Additional research is needed 

to determine the efficiency of other ETOH concentrations 

in recovering pollen from honey. We 

recommend that the ETOH-dilution technique 

become the standard technique for the extraction 

of pollen from honey for pollen analyses because 

of the improved pollen recovery. 

2006040130 

西格陵兰中部全新世沉积中的疑源类新种 = 

New acritarch species from Holocene sediments 

in central West Greenland. ( 英文 ). Lucia R. 

Grana, 2004, 43(2): 81-88 

Palynologic assemblages from late Quaternary 

sediments from Disko Bugt, central West 

Greenland, contain a new acritarch species described 

herein as Palaeostomocystis subtilitheca 

sp. nov. The type of the genus Beringiella, Beringiella 

fritilla Bujak 1984, is transferred to the 

genus Palaeostomocystis Deflandre 1937, and 

the new combination Palaeostomocystis fritilla 

(Bujak 1984) is proposed. Palaeostomocystis 

subtilitheca sp. nov. and P. fritilla (Bujak 1984) 

comb. nov. are characteristic of polar to subpolar 

environments and may be potential environmental 

indicators. 

2006040131 

西班牙鳄梨树蜂蜜的孢粉学和地理学特征 = 

Palynological and geographical characterization 

of avocado honeys in Spain. ( 英文 ). Anass T; 

Aida P; Francisco J H; María J D. Grana, 2004, 

43(2): 116-121 

The present work refers to the pollen analysis 

of 12 avocado honey samples from Spain. The 

samples were directly provided by the beekeepers, 

all professionals. The quantitative analysis 

showed that nectar is the main honey source in 

38

the samples studied, and that most honeys have a 

medium presence of botanical elements (BE); 

one sample belong to Class I of Maurizio, seven 

to Class II and four belong to Class III. The 

qualitative analysis of the samples showed the 

presence of 56 taxa belonging to 36 families. 

The Spanish avocado honeys are characterised 

by their medium content in pollen grains (NPG; 

x¯=117000) and their low honeydew indicator 

elements content (HDE; x ¯ =6340). Echium 

plantagineum gr. and Genista f. (present in 90% 

of the samples), and Eucalyptus f., Olea europaea 

L., Mentha aquatica gr. and Reseda luteola 

gr. (present in 80% of the samples), could be 

mentioned among the characteristic accompanying 

species of this honey type. The avocado honeys 

from the Iberian Peninsula and from the Canary 

Islands can be differentiated by the presence 

of Asphalthium bituminosum Medic., Cardiospermum 

grandiflorum Sw., Phoenix canariensis 

Hort. ex Chabaud and Tropaeolum 

majus L. in the latter. 

2006040132 

书评 : 一本精美的中国伞形科植物花粉形态 

图志 = An exquisite atlas on pollen morphology 

of Umbelliferae in China. ( 英文 ). Wang W-M. 

Grana, 2003, 42(4): 255-255 

2006040133 

温带松林中气传松花粉的沉降 = Deposition of 

airborne pine pollen in a temperate pine forest. 

( 英文 ). Cho Y-J ;Kim I S ; Kim P-g;Lee E J. 

Grana, 2003, 42(3): 178-182 

Deposition of airborne pine pollen was examined 

in a temperate pine forest, Korea. Durham 

gravity pollen collectors were employed to 

measure amounts of pine pollen deposition in the 

field and macronutrients input by pine pollen 

was analyzed in the laboratory. In 1999, pine 

pollen deposition began just before May 4 th and 

lasted for about three weeks. In 2000, pollen 

anthesis started May 5 th and lasted over three 

weeks. Two species of pine differed in the timing 

of pollen release, with Pinus rigida beginning 

pollen release a few days earlier than that of 

P. densiflora. Pine pollen release dates varied 

between years, occurring earlier in years with 

warmer spring temperatures. Annual pine pollen 

deposition was slightly different over the two 

sampling years; 11.2 kg/ha (ca. 4975 grains/cm 2 ) 

in 1999 and 9.2 kg/ha (ca. 4097 grains/cm 2 ) in 

2000. The values of nutrient deposition from 

airborne pine pollen were 232 g/ha N, 30 g/ha P, 

109 g/ha K, 23 g/ha S, 10 g/ha Mg in 1999 and 

196 g/ha N, 19 g/ha P, 70 g/ha K, 13 g/ha S, 6 

g/ha Mg in 2000. Our values were about 1/300 

that of pine litterfall. The contribution rate of 

pine pollen in annual nutrient input was about N 

1/76, P 1/16 and K 1/23 that of litterfall. These 

values suggest that nutrient input from airborne 

pine pollen is small compared to that from 

known litterfall, highly episodic pine pollen 

deposition suggests that pine pollen may play a 

disproportionately role in the temperate pine 

forest nutrient input. 

2006040134 

棕榈科 (Arecaceae) 的三孔花粉类型 = Triporate 

pollen in the Arecaceae. ( 英文 ). Harley M; 

Dransfield J. Grana, 2003, 42(1): 3-19 

Triapertury is rare in monocotyledons. The 

well-defined, regularly spaced, circular porate 

apertures that occur in Arecaceae: Areca klingkangensis 

from Borneo, and species of the West 

African genus Sclerosperma, appear to be 

unique in monocotyledons. There is evidence to 

suggest that tripory in Arecaceae has been derived 

from trichotomosulcy, although in Areca 

equatorial zonosulcy may have an important role. 

The apical triporate, and zonosulcate pollen of 

Areca are described, as well as examples of 

mono- and trichotomosulcate pollen within the 

genus. The sub-apical distal triporate pollen of 

Sclerosperma gilletii and S. mannii are described. 

Notably, in Sclerosperma pollen, aperture position 

at post-meiotic tetrad stage follows the rare 

'Garside's rule' (four groups of three apertures), 

previously only demonstrated for Proteaceae and 

Olacaceae. Possible reasons for the occurrence 

of these rare triporate pollen phenomena in 

palms are considered. The bearing this may have 

on the transition from the distal polar position of 

the single sulcus, to the radial symmetry of the 

triaperturate condition in many dicotyledons is 

discussed in comparison with other examples of 

triapertury in monocotyledons. 

2006040135 

重新评价花粉形态对龙胆科植物分类的意义 

= A reappraisal of the significance of pollen in 

classifications of the Gentianaceae. ( 英文 ). Nilsson 

S.; Hellbom M.; Smolenski W.. Grana, 2002, 

41(2): 90-106 

The tribal and subtribal classification of Gentianaceae 

published by Gilg (1895), which is 

mainly based on pollen morphological data, is 

compared with a recently published system 

(Struwe et al. 2002). The new classification is 

based on the phylogenetic analyses of molecular 

data and other characters, including palynology. 

The two classifications differ slightly in their 

circumscriptions of tribes and subtribes, and 

subsequently in the position of specific genera. 

The position and transfer of some genera from 

different groups in the older system (Gilg 1895) 

to other tribes/subtribes in the new system 

(Struwe et al. 2002) are discussed and evaluated 

on the basis of significant pollen data. It is con- 

39

sidered that parallel evolution of exine patterns 

have occurred rather commonly in the Gentianaceae 

and, for example, tetrads seem to have 

evolved independently at least twice. The main 

exine patterns of gentian pollen are: striate, striato-reticulate, 

rugulate, reticulate, foveolate, 

perforate, with processes, or scabrate to smooth. 

The different patterns often intergrade to form a 

continuum, e.g., from striate to reticulate via 

striato-reticulate. The establishment of a new 

tribe, Saccifolieae has palynological support. 

The recent transfer of Ixanthus to the Chironieae, 

Macrocarpaea, Chorisepalum and Tachia (Zonanthus 

differs palynologically from Macrocarpaea, 

etc.) to the Helieae, Bartonia and Obolaria 

to the Gentianeae has palynological support. The 

removal of the genera Coutoubea, Schultesia, 

Symphyllophyton, Xestaea (Deianira possibly 

excepted) from the Helieae is also supported 

palynologically. The tribe Potalieae is a palynologically 

heterogenous group. The inclusion 

of Fagraea in the Potalieae seems natural, 

whereas pollen of Anthocleista and Potalia are 

reminiscent of that of some Loganiaceae. 

2006040136 

林仙科 (Winteraceae) 花粉演化趋势 = Evolutionary 

trends in Winteraceae pollen. ( 英文 ). 

Van der Ham R.; van Heuven B.J.. Grana, 2002, 

41(1): 4-9 

The Winteraceae, being considered as one of 

the most basal angiosperm families, has been 

extensively studied palynologically. The present 

study reviews the characters dispersal unit (monad 

versus tetrad) and size of the lumina in the 

tectum in the light of recent molecular research. 

Monads and small-meshed reticula appear to be 

derived from large-meshed tetrads. The fossil 

record supports the apomorphic state of a smallmeshed 

tectum. In contrast to earlier reports, 

genuine monads are unknown as fossils. The 

fossil monads recorded so far are considered to 

be detached from permanent tetrad configurations. 

2006040137 

花粉和真菌孢子取样和分析的统计评价 = 

Pollen and fungal spore sampling and analysis. 

Statistical evaluations. ( 英文 ). Irdi G. A.; Jones 

J.R.; White C. M.. Grana, 2002, 41(1): 44-47 

Statistical evaluations of samples obtained 

from a Burkard seven-day recording volumetric 

pollen/spore trap were performed to determine 

the precision of the sampling and analysis procedures. 

The reproducibility of co-located traps 

was also investigated. The results showed that 

pollen grain transect counting was not significantly 

different, while fungal spore counting 

produced statistically different results. There 

was no statistical difference in the number of 

pollen and fungal spores counted between the 

co-located samplers. Reasons for the differences 

in the fungal spore counts are presented. 

2006040138 

柴达木盆地第四纪孢粉组合及古气候波动 = 

Quaternary sporopollen assemblages and paleoclimatic 

fluctuation in the Qaidam basin. ( 中文 ). 

康安 ; 朱筱敏 ; 韩德馨 ; 王延斌 ; 康强 . 地质通 

报 , 2003, 22(1): 12-15 

柴达木盆地是中国目前保存较为完整的、 

连续的、巨厚的河 - 湖相沉积记录的盆地。通 

过对 ZK701+801、水 6 孔、涩中 6 和涩深 1 

井等典型剖面孢子花粉组合特征和分布规律 

的研究 , 详细地论述了第四纪孢粉组合带及其 

所代表的植被、气候演变进程。自 

1.87MaB.P. 以来共识别出了 59 个孢粉组合带 , 

划分出 29 个完整的冷暖气候旋回 , 并且同中 

国西北第四纪黄土 - 古土壤系列的 37 个气候 

旋回以及深海钻孔氧同位素气候旋回进行了 

较好的对比。 

2006040139 

山东章丘地区石千峰群孢粉化石的发现及其 

时代 = Discovery and age assignment of sporopollen 

in the Shiqianfeng Group in the Zhangqiu 

area,Shandong. ( 中文 ). 李庆平 ; 王世进 ; 王继广 ; 

杨恩秀 ; 张春池 ; 朱继托 ; 徐华 . 地质通报 , 2003, 

22(5): 346-350 

山东省石千峰群为一套陆相红色碎屑岩系 , 

一直缺乏生物依据。笔者对该地层剖面重新 

测制 , 首次发现了孢粉化石 , 其时代为三叠 

纪。 

疑源类 

2006040140 

中国疑源类化石 = Acritarch study in China. 

( 中文 ). 尹磊明 . . Pages:222. 52 图版 . 科学出版 

社 .2006.7-03-016938-7. 

本书是对我国前寒武纪、古生代海洋微体 

浮游生物化石 ( 疑源类 ) 的系统总结。作者在作 

重整理多年来我国疑源类化石研究资料的是 

时 , 参阅了大量国外相关文献 , 并结合多年 

的实践和应用 , 以及近年来不断涌现的新发 

现、新认识和新技术方法 , 分别对疑源类化 

石的一般形态学、它们的保存及研究方法、 

生物意义和生物地层应用等进行了详细阐 

述。 

疑源类化石在我国乃至国外主要分布和收 

集自古生代海相地层 , 随着资料不断丰富及 

无脊椎动物化石的佐证 , 它们在生物地层应 

用 , 尤其是钻井古生代地层的划分 , 对比方 

面日益显现其重要价值。与此同时 , 这些海 

洋微体浮游生物化石作为基础食物链的记录 

40

为不同地质时期中不同区域乃至洲际的古地 

理、古生态环境的恢复和重建提供了有意义 

的证据。另外 , 我这前寒武纪地层发育良 

好、广泛出露 , 目前已知自太古宙至新元古 

代地层都保存丰富的疑源类及多种微体化 

石 , 它们是探究地球历史早期生物物种发生 

及演化的极其重要的证据。本书对不同地质 

时期重要疑源类属、种类型 ( 计 83 属、136 种 ) 

进行了属、种征介绍、形态描述和详细讨 

论 , 书后附图版 52 幅。 

2006040141 

中国湖北秭归县庙河村早寒武世天竺山段的 

硅化微体化石 = Silicified microfossils from the 

Early Cambrian Tianzhushan member near 

Miaohe Village, Zigui, West Hubei, China. ( 中 

文 ). 尹崇玉 ; 高林志 ; 邢裕盛 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(1): 76-88 3 图版 . 

描述了湖北秭归县庙河村寒武系最底部 ( 天 

竺山段 ) 硅化微体化石 13 属 16 种 , 并论述了 

其地层意义 . 所有微体化石皆见于燧石切片中 . 

此组合含大量小个体的具刺疑源类 , 以 

Micrhystridium ampliatum Wang 为主 , 并与 

Paracymatiosphaera spp., 其它球形分子 

Leiosphaeridia, Favososphaeridium, Eoaperturilites 

及丝状体 Obruchevella 和 Megathrix 

共生 . 此地真正的陡山沱组是以含大量的和形 

态复杂的疑源类及简单的丝状体和球状化石 

为特征 . 这两个可靠的微体化石组合的发现和 

区分对本区及邻区震旦系 - 寒武系过渡层的划 

分和地层对比有重要意义 . 

2006040142 

浙江常山黄泥塘全球层型剖面的中奥陶世疑 

源类 = Middle Ordovician acritarchs from the 

global stratotype section of Huangnitang in 

Changshan, Zhejiang, China. ( 中文 ). 尹磊 

明 ;Geoffrey P. 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 89- 

103 5 图版 . 

浙江常山黄泥塘剖面在 1996-1997 年被国 

际奥陶系分会和国际地质科学联合会 (IUGS) 

确立为全球中奥陶统达瑞威尔阶 (Dariwillian) 

层型剖面 . 从该剖面宁国组 Azygograptus 

suecicus-Exigraptus clavus 笔石带至 

Undulograptus sinicus 笔石亚带下部的页岩及 

灰岩中获得丰富的 , 保存不很好的疑源类化石 . 

它们包含 26 个形态属 , 41 个已知种和 12 个未 

定名种 . 该宁国组疑源类组合极少有环冈瓦纳 

古陆的 ‘ 冷水 ' 类型 . 根据疑源类类型在地层柱 

的首次出现 , 可划分两个与 Azygograptus 

suecicus 和 Undulograptus austrodentatus 笔石 

带相吻合的疑源类生物地层单元 . 结合中国南 

方在奥陶纪的古地理位置加以讨论 , 当前疑源 

类组合表明 , 中奥陶世环冈瓦纳古陆的 ‘ 冷水 ' 

洋流至下扬子区已很微弱 . 

2006040143 

论山西中元古代晚期汝阳群微体化石组合 = 

Review of the microfossil assemblage from the 

late Mesoproterozoic Ruyang Group in 

Shanxi,China. ( 英文 ). 尹磊明 ; 袁训来 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2003, 20(1): 39-46 3 图版 . 

我国北方 18-19 亿年前的串岭沟组中获得 

的大球形疑源类 , 迄今 , 被认为是可信的最 

古老真核化石记录。自上世纪 80 年代以来 , 

东秦岭北坡的中元古代晚期汝阳群陆续发现 

了丰富的球形光面疑源类 , 具刺疑源类 , 丝 

状微体化石和一些有疑问的动物遗迹。很显 

然 , 在中元古代晚期真核生物曾有重大辐 

射。 

2006040144 

震旦纪陡山沱期疑源类 Tianzhushania 属研 

究进展 = New advances in the study of the Sinian 

Doushantuoan acritarch genus Tianzhushania. 

( 中文 ). 尹崇玉 ; 高林志 ; 岳昭 . 地质通报 , 2003, 

22(2): 87-94 2 图版 . 

大型具刺疑源类 Tianzhushania 的属名源于 

湖北长阳天柱山地区 , 模式标本最早发现于震 

旦系陡山沱组的燧石结核中 ( 岩石薄片 )。本文 

综合了 20 多年来国内外有关该属的报道和研 

究 , 并结合最近笔者对贵州瓮安地区震旦系陡 

山沱组硅化保存的 Tianzhushania tuberifera 

Yin, Gao and Xing 2001 与磷酸盐化保存的球 

状实体化石 Megasphaera ornata Xiao and 

Knoll 2000 之间关系的最新研究结果 , 对大型 

具刺疑源类 Tianzhushania 属的形态特征 , 已 

定种的地理分布、地层意义和可能的亲缘关 

系等问题进行探讨。 

牙形石 

2006040145 

牙形石 Histiodella Hass 四个种的讨论及地层 

对比意义 = Discussion on four conodont species 

of Histiodella from Tarim Basin and their 

stratigraphic implication. ( 中文 ). 杜品德 ; 赵治 

信 ; 黄智斌 ; 谭泽金 ; 王超 ; 杨芝林 ; 张桂芝 ; 肖继南 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2005, 22(4): 357-369 1 图版 . 

作者描述了产自塔里木盆地的 Histiodella 

Hass 的四个种 , 并探讨了它们与中国北方和 

北美中大陆暖水型牙形石及中国南方和北大 

西洋冷水型牙形石的对比关系。认为 

Histiodella sinuosa 带对比北美中大陆牙形石 

动物群 3 的下部、中国南方 Amorphognathus 

variabilis 带下部和中国北方 Aurilobodus leptosomatus-Loxodus 

dissectus 带下部。 

Histiodella holodentata 带下部相当于中国北方 

41

Aurilobodus leptosomatus — Loxodus dissectus 

带中部或中国南方的 Amorphognathus variabilis 

带至 Eoplacognathus suecicus 带的下部。 

Histiodella kristinae 带对比北大西洋区的 

Eoplacognathus suecicus 带中上部和中国北方 

的 Tangshanodu stangshanensis 带。Histiodella 

bellburnensis 带对比北大西洋区的 

Eoplacognathus suecicus 带的上部到 

Eoplacognathus foliaceus 带下部。Histiodella 

Hass 与北大西洋区和中国北方区典型牙形石 

的共同出现可以作为一个桥梁 , 建立起北美 

中大陆、北大西洋、塔里木盆地及华北地区 

牙形石的对比关系。 

2006040146 

豫淮盆地太原组顶部斯威特刺 

(Sweetognathus) 种的分类修正及其地层意 

义 = Taxonomic revision of conodont Sweetognathus 

species in the uppermost Taiyuan Formation, 

Yuhuai Basin and its significance. ( 中文 ). 

高莲凤 ; 丁惠 ; 万晓樵 . 微体古生物学报 , 2005, 

22(4): 370-382 3 图版 . 

作者通过对豫淮盆地太原组顶部灰岩中牙 

形剌的研究。发现 Sweetognathus 动物群较为 

丰富 , 计 4 属 10 种 , 含一个新种 : 

Sweetognathus praeiranicus sp.nov.。其中 

以 Sweetognathus 最为繁盛 , 并对其种的分类 

进行了修正 , 将原定的 Sweetognathu sinornatus 

的大部分标本归入 Sweetognathus 

merrilli。根据新的分类 , 建立了两个组合 

带 , 即 Sweetognathus merrilli 带和 

Sweetognathus whitei-Xuzhougnathus 

monoridgosus 带。通过与国内外相当牙形剌 

组合带 ( 带 ) 的对比。仞步认为该动物群属 

中、晚萨克马尔到早亚丁斯克期。 

2006040147 

贵州罗甸边阳镇关刀剖面三叠纪牙形石序列 

及阶的划分 = Triassic conodont succession and 

stage subdivision of the Guandao section, Bianyang, 

Luodian, Guizhou. ( 中文 ). 王红梅 ; 王兴理 ; 

李荣西 ; 魏家庸 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 44(4): 611- 

626 2 图版 . 

关刀剖面可初步划分 15 个牙形石带和动物 

群 , 自下而上为 :Hindeodus parvus- 

H.anterodentatus 组合带 , 

Neospathodus dieneri 延限带 , 

Ns.pakistanensis 间隔带 (?), 

Ns.waageni-Pnrachirognathus 动物群 , 

Ns.crassatus 延限带 ,Ns.symmetricus- 

Ns.homeri 间隔带 ,Chiosella timorensis 延限 

带 ,Nicoraella germanicus-Nic.kockeli 间隔 

带 ,Paragondolella bulgarica 延限带 , 

Neogondolella constricta 间隔带 , 

Ng.constricta cornuda 间隔带 , 

Budurovignathus truempyi 延限带 , 

Bv.hungaricus 间隔带 ,Bv.mungoensis 间 

隔带 ,Metapolygnathus polygnathiformis 动物 

群。根据牙形石对比划分了阶。安尼阶 ( 或 

青岩阶 ) 底界年龄可能为 247Ma。 

2006040148 

华南法门期牙形刺的辐射 = Radiation of Devonian 

Famennian conodonts in South China. 

( 中文 ). 王成源 . 微体古生物学报 , 2006, 23(1): 

9-15 

F/F 牙形刺灭绝事件以后 , 牙形刺很快进 

入复苏期 ( 王成源、Ziegler,2004)。有关 

法门期牙形刺的辐射 , 在国内外的文献中还 

没有详细的论述或论证。本文基于以前对广 

西桂林垌村和龙门剖面的牙形刺集群灭绝与 

复苏的研究 ,2003 年又在垌村剖面加密采 

样 , 重点是研究 F/F 事件后 , 牙形刺由复苏 

到辐射阶段的特征 , 探索牙形刺何时和如何 

由复苏期进化到辐射期。本文的材料主要是 

依据华南的资料 , 特别是本文作者研究多年 

的垌村剖面的资料。牙形刺的灭绝与复苏是 

以法门期最主要的属 Palmatolepis 为主线 , 

在种一级的水平上确定的。法门期牙形刺的 

辐射同样是以 Palmatolepis 属内种一级的水 

平上讨论的。同时也涉及到其它属。本文首 

次明确提出 : 牙形刺在晚 triangularis 带就进 

入辐射期 , 因为正是从晚 triangularis 带 , 

Palmatolepis 的 minuta,werneri,sandbergi, 

perlobata , cf . regularis , subperlobata , 

tenupunctata7 个重要种群开始出现 , 并在法 

门期中期达到辐射期的高峰。 

2006040149 

内蒙古二叠系哲斯组的牙形刺及其时代 = 

Conodonts from the Permian Jisu Honguer 

(Zhesi) Formation in Inner Mongolia, China. 

( 中文 ). 王成源 ; 王平 ; 李文国 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(2): 195-206 3 图版 . 

哲斯组是我国北方最有代表性的海相二叠 

纪地层 , 但其时代尚未得到解决。以往的研 

究多偏重于底栖大化石 , 难以解决洲际间的 

对比。作者对哲斯组的牙形刺进行了研究 , 

在哲斯组上段下部发现了 Mesogondolella 

aserrata 动物群 , 从其同层的其它牙形刺化石 

分析 , 产这一牙形刺化石的层位的时代应为 

Wordian 期晚期至 Capi—tanian 期早期 , 而整 

个哲斯组的时代可能为中二叠世 Wordian 期 

至 Capitanian 期早期 , 推测义和乌苏组的时 

代可能为 Capitanian 期。哲斯地区可能不存 

在吴家坪阶的海相沉积。对 Mesogondolella 

neoprolongata Wang,2004,M. mandulaensis 

Wang,2004,Wardlawella jisuensis Wang, 

42

2004 作了重新描述 , 这 3 个种可能为地方性 

分子或北方区 (Borealrealm) 分子。 

2006040150 

加拿大纽芬兰西部早奥陶世阿伦尼克阶海平 

面变化史和牙形类群落的响应 = Arenigian 

(Early Ordovician) sea-level history and the response 

of conodont communities, western Newfoundland. 

( 英文 ). Zhang S X, Barnes C R. Canadian 


843-865 

Four cluster analyses were performed, which 

recognized 17 conodont communities in the 

Arenigian (Lower Ordovician) of western Newfoundland. 

The analyses include 69 598 identifiable 

conodont specimens recovered from 153 

conodont-bearing samples from four stratigraphical 

sections representing the environmental 

settings of the platform, upper proximal 

slope, lower proximal slope, and distal slope. 

The distribution of conodont communities along 

the platform to slope environmental gradient 

shows that sea-level changes simultaneously 

affected the development and replacement of the 

conodont communities in the different facies. 

The pattern of change in conodont communities 

allows an interpretation of sea-level change that 

is correlated precisely into the detailed graptolite 

biozonation. A gradual transgression lasted most 

of Tetragraptus approximatus Zone time, which 

was followed by a brief regression; a transgression-regression 

cycle occurred in the T. akzharensis 

Zone time; a major transgression caused 

a highstand during the entire Pendeograptus 

fruticosus Zone time, which was followed by a 

major regression in the early Didymograptus 

bifidus Zone time; Isograptus victoriae lunatus 

Zone time included repetitive oscillations of sea 

level; a severe regression in the earliest I. i. victoriae 

Zone time was represented by the St. 

George unconformity on the platform and the 

Bed 12 megaconglomerate on the slope, reaching 

the lowest sea level during the I. i. maximus 

Zone time. The Arenigian sea-level curve developed 

by this study only partly agrees with that 

from the Baltic region and central Australia 

based on trilobite communities. 

了两个牙形刺组合 :Ⅱ . Streptognathodus 

barskovi 组合和 Ⅰ.Streptognathodus parvus- 

Idiognothodus magnificus 组合。通过与邻区及 

华北部分地区对比 , 本区本溪组和太原组中 

牙形刺动物群的地质时代应分别为晚石炭世 

晚期 ( 组合 Ⅰ ) 和早二叠世早期 ( 组合 

Ⅱ), 本区 C—P 界线应在四灰之底。 

2006040152 

青藏羌塘地块他利克甘利山早三叠纪牙形刺 

的发现及地质意义 = Discovery of Lower- 

Triassic conodonts of Talikeganli Mountain and 

its implication. ( 中文 ). 朱勋 ; 易成兴 ; 陈仁 . 贵州 

地质 , 2006, 23(1): 25-28 

青藏高原 1:25 万加措、丁固幅区调填图 

过程中 , 在他利克甘利山原划为晚三叠世的地 

层中 , 首次发现了早三叠世常见牙形刺化石 

Parachirognathus delicatulus 和 Neospathodus 

bicostatus. 根据所发现牙形刺动物特征及岩石 

特征 , 将原肖荼卡组划为硬水泉组和康鲁组 , 并 

将其时代从过去的晚三叠世修订为早三叠世 . 

该发现填补了测区缺失早三叠世沉积记录的 

空白 , 为测区进一步研究三叠纪岩相古地理、 

地层划分与对比提供了新的地层依据 . 

2006040153 

西藏措勤县敌布错地区 “ 下拉组 ” 中发现晚 

三叠世诺利期高舟牙形石 = Discovery of Late 

Triassic Norian Epigondolella in the ‘ Xiala 

Formation' in the Dibu Co area, Coqen County, 

Tibet, China. ( 中文 ). 纪占胜 ; 姚建新 ; 武桂春 ; 刘 

贵忠 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(1-2): 138-141 

首次在措勤县江让乡敌布错地区 “ 下拉 

组 ” 中发现了晚三叠世诺利阶的高舟牙形 

石。这表明在该地区下拉组中至少有一部分 

是以前没有被识别出的晚三叠世诺利阶地 

层 , 这套地层暂时命名为江让组。更重要的 

是 , 剖面中江让组之上舍植物化石的碎屑岩 

地层可能是区域上广泛分布的敌布错组。江 

让组高舟牙形石的发现对敌布错组及其所含 

植物群的时代提出了质疑。 

2006040151 

山东肥城煤田本溪组 — 太原组牙形刺 = 

Conodonts from the Taiynan Formation and 

Benxi Formation in the Feicheng Coalfield, 

Shandong. ( 中文 ). 苏维 ; 张继胜 ; 张锡麒 ; 王明镇 ; 

李增学 . 地质论评 , 2006, 52(2): 145-152 1 图版 . 

通过对山东肥城煤田本溪组和太原组牙形 

刺动物群的系统研究 , 共鉴定出牙形刺化石 

6 属 14 种及部分未定种 , 根据牙形刺化石在 

地层中的分布和垂向变化规律自上而下建立 

2006040154 

布卡拉曼加拉贝氏牙形石动物群在西藏日土 

地区的发现及其意义 = Discovery of the conodont 

Rabeignathus bucaramangus fauna in Rutog, 

Tibet,China, and its significances. ( 中文 ). 纪占 

胜 ; 姚建新 ; 武桂春 ; 刘贵忠 . 地质通报 , 2006, 

25(1-2): 142-145 

布卡拉曼加拉贝氏牙形石动物群首次在西 

藏阿里日土县多玛区脱塔拉剖面的吞龙共巴 

组底部发现 , 主要由 Rabeignathus bucara- 

43

mangus , Sweetognathus whitei , 

Sweetognathus ironatus 和 Mesogondolella cf. 

bissilli 组成 , 指示的地层时代为 Artinskian 中 

晚 --Kungurian 早期。此前 , 该动物群仅发现 

于美国犹他州、堪萨斯州、哥伦比亚的布卡 

拉曼加、帕米尔东南部和中国滇西保山地 

区。该牙形石动物群的产出地点位于班公湖 

以北、龙木错以南的喀喇昆仑地层分区 , 跨 

越了班公湖 - 怒江断裂带北界 , 而这一动物群 

被认为是冈瓦纳北缘浅海区特有的浅水相类 

型 , 因此推测班公湖 - 怒江缝合带可能不是冈 

瓦纳大陆的北界。 

2006040155 

巴基斯坦盐岭地区二叠纪生物地层研究的新 

进展 = Latest biostratigraphical advances of the 

Permian system in the Salt range, Pakistan. ( 中 

文 ). 沈树忠 ; 梅仕龙 ; 王向东 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(2): 168-173 

近 30 年来 , 巴基斯坦盐岭地区的 Wargal 组 

和 Chhidru 组以及在喜马拉雅地区相当地层 

的地质时代被许多学者视为中二叠世 ( 瓜达鲁 

普世 ). 根据华南与盐岭地区瓜达鲁普统和乐平 

统的牙形类化石带对比 , 可以确定 Amb 组和 

Wargal 组底部的时代为瓜达鲁普世晚期 , 瓜达 

鲁普统与乐平统的界线位于 Wargal 组下部 , 吴 

家坪阶与长兴阶的界线位于 Chhidru 组的下 

部 , 而二叠与三叠系的界线位于 Mianwali 组下 

部的 Kathwai 段之内 . 我国西藏南部色龙群及 

相当地层含有与巴基斯坦盐岭地区 Kalabagh 

段和 Chhidru 组可对比的乐平世腕足动物群 

以及二叠系 - 三叠系界线附近连续的牙形类化 

石带 , 由此可以推定色龙群的时代应为乐平世 . 

2006040156 

扬子区中奥陶统大湾阶底界精细生物地层分 

带与对比 = Elaborate biostratigraphic subdivision 

and correlation of the basal dawan stage 

(Middle Ordovician) in Yangtze platform China. 

( 中文 ). 陈孝红 ; 汪啸风 ; 李志宏 ; 王传尚 . 古生物 

学报 , 2003, 42(3): 317-327 1 图版 . 

系统研究湖北宜昌黄花场大湾组下段和重 

庆城口翁溪沟湄潭组下部笔石、牙形石和几 

丁虫生物分带及其对比关系。精细的生物地 

层学研究结果证明 , 在我国大湾阶底界界线 

层型剖面上的生物群组合存在冷水型分子与 

暖水型分子共生的特点 , 以牙形石 

Baltoniodus triangularis 首现所确定的中奥陶 

统底界较 Tripodus laevis 的首现低 0.2m, 位 

于笔石 Didymograptus protobifidus / 

Corymbograptus deflexus 带或几丁虫 

Conochitina langei/C.brevis 带中部。中奥 

陶统底界上述牙形石、笔石和几丁虫的对比 

关系不受沉积相限制 , 在重庆城口翁溪沟含 

笔石碎屑岩相的湄潭组下部同样存在。宜昌 

黄花场剖面和该剖面上 Baltoniodus triangularis 

的最初出现应是理想的全球中奥陶统底 

界线层型剖面和点。 

2006040157 

西藏拉萨地区三叠系诺利阶牙形石分带及其 

国际对比 = Conodont zonations of Norian in 

Lhasa area, Xizang (Tibet) and their global correlation. 

( 中文 ). 纪占胜 ; 姚建新 ; 杨欣德 ; 臧文栓 ; 

武桂春 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(3): 382-392 2 图 

版 . 

麦龙岗剖面位于西藏拉萨地区达孜县麦龙 

岗村 (N29°56′06″,E91°27′55″)。麦 

龙岗组中共发现牙形石 7 属 :Epigondolella, 

Hindeodella , Priniodella , Xaniognathodus , 

Lonchodina , Metalonchodina 和 

Enantiognathus 属。其中 Epigondolella 属有 9 

种 , 包括 1 新种和 1 未定种 , 它们是 

E . primitia , E . spiculata , 

E.cf.spiculata,E.tozeri,E.violinformis 

sp.nov.,E.cf.triangularis uniformis, 

E.postera,E.bidentata,E.sp.。基于本 

次发现的化石材料 , 对西藏林周地区麦龙岗 

组进行新的牙形石带划分。自下而上划分 

为 :?Epigondolella primitia,E.spiculata, 

E.tozeri,E.postera 和 E.bidentata 等带。 

与毛力等 (1987)、Orchard(1983,1991,1994) 

和 Krystyn(1977) 的划分方案进行对比和讨 

论。 

小壳化石 

2006040158 

扬子区早寒武世早期磷质小壳化石的再沉积 

和地层对比问题 = Resedimentation of the 

Early Cambrian phosphatized small shell fossils 

and correlation of the sinian-cambrian boundary 

strata in the Yangtze region, southern China. ( 中 

文 ). 薛耀松 ; 周传明 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(1): 

64-74 1 图版 . 

扬子区早寒武世早期的磷酸盐化小壳化石 

的发现 , 为早期动物演化及震旦系一寒武系 

界线地层的划分与对比研究做出了重要贡 

献。但碳酸盐岩地层中的这类小壳化石易于 

被风化剥离出来并成为磷质颗粒再沉积 , 这 

种现象在地层中常能遇到 , 它会给对某些生 

物分布时限的确定和地层对比造成混乱。考 

虑早寒武世一些主要小壳化石的再沉积和地 

层对比时要注意以下问题 :1)Ⅰ 带和 Ⅱ 带的 

磷质小壳化石产于 Paokannia 或 

Hunanocephalus 的层位 , 它们无疑是再沉积 

的 ;2)Ⅰ 组合带标志性化石与 Ⅱ 组合带标准 

化石共生 , 应判定其沉积时期为 Ⅱ 组合带 

时 ;3) 扬子台地区的梅树村阶地层大都不全 

44

或缺失 , 保存的梅树村阶地层普遍与震旦系 

灯影组不同层位假整合接触 , 其岩性及生物 

特征均与下伏地层不同 , 另建组级地层单位 

是合理的 ;4 )“ 杨家沟段 ”、“ 西蒿坪 

段 ”、“ 宝石坡组 ” 不能作为灯影组顶部地 

层 , 它们是水井沱组沉积旋回的一部分 , 更 

不能因它们是筇竹寺期的沉积而把 “ 灯影 

组 ” 顶界上升到筇竹寺阶 ;5) 滇东北地区大 

海段中产有丰富的 Heraultipegma 

yunnanensis , 它与 Siphogonuchites triangularis 

和 Paragloborilus subglobosus 共生 , 分 

布局限 , 其他地区仅在 Ⅱ 组合带中零星分 

布 , 所以在 S.triangularis-P.subglobosus 组 

合带 (Ⅱ) 的上部建立一个 H.yunnanensis 

组合亚带似乎更合适些。 

2006040159 

湖北元古代微体化石新材料 = New material of 

microfossils from middle Proterozoic in Hubei 

Province. ( 中文 ). 李酉兴 ; 张素兴 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(1): 102-107 2 图版 . 

黄麦岭磷矿的 8 个中元古代黄麦岭组变质 

岩地层剖面中发现了两类微体化石。一类是 

丁丁虫中的 Funnela sinensis 

gen.etsp.nov., 另一类是球形分类位置未 

定的 Sinosphaera hubeiensis 

gen.etsp.nov.。两者均为多细胞化石 , 它 

们都含磷。在该磷矿中 , 凡是含微体化石越 

多的层位 , 磷矿的品位也就越高。 

2006040160 

贵州瓮安新元古代陡山沱组磷酸盐化管柱状 

微体化石新材料 = New materials of phosphatized 

cylindrical and tabulate microfossils 

from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation 

at Weng'an, Guizhou, South China. ( 中文 ). 李勇 ; 

张兴亮 ; 郭俊峰 ; 丁莲芳 ; 韩健 ; 舒德干 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(2): 200-207 2 图版 . 

在用醋酸浸泡处理采自贵州瓮安新元古代 

陡山沱组磷酸质岩石样品时 , 获得大量微体 

动物骨骼化石。文中重点报道部分管柱状微 

体化石 , 即 :Sinoquadraticus poratus gen. et 

sp. nov 和 Sinoquadraticus wenganensis gen. et 

sp. nov.。并对 Sinocyclocylicus 的部分特征进 

行补充。 

古植物学 

综论 

2006040161 

新疆准噶尔盆地白杨河中侏罗世植物化石新 

材料 = New material of Middle Jurassic plants 

from Baiyang River of northwestern Junggar 

Basin, Xinjiang, China. ( 中文 ). 苗雨雁 . 古生物 

学报 , 2005, 44(4): 517-534 3 图版 . 

系统描述了准噶尔盆地西北缘白杨河地区 

西山窑组植物化石 15 属 25 种 , 首次在新疆 

地区发现侏罗纪真蕨类重要分子 

Coniopteris hymenophylloides 的原位孢子及其 

孢子囊群 , 并对 Phoenicopsis 

(Phoenicopsis)angustifolia 的叶角质层进行 

了研究。白杨河地区西山窑组迄今已知植物 

化石 24 属 39 种 , 以富含蕨类、茨康类、银 

杏类及松柏类 , 少见苏铁类等为特征 , 属于 

较为典型的内陆型、温带或暖温带植物群 ; 

其时代为中侏罗世 , 且可能为中侏罗世早 

期。该植物群应属于欧亚大陆早、中侏罗世 

植物地理区系中的西伯利亚区 , 反映了温暖 

潮湿、具季节性变化、并有利成煤的环境。 

2006040162 

中国中、新生代大植物化石新属记录 (1991- 

2000 ) = Record of Mesozoic — Cenozoic 

megafossil plant generic names founded on Chinese 

specimens (1991--2000). ( 中文 ). 吴向 

午 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 114-140 

记录 1991—2000 年间根据中国中、新生代 

大植物化石建立的新属 41 个 ( 新生代的 2 

个 , 中生代的 39 个 ); 详细记录每个属的特 

征、模式种、地理分布及地质时代 ; 对模式 

种的创建者、创建年代、所在文献的页码、 

图版、产地层位、标本保存状态、分类位置 

以及保存单位等也作详细介绍 ; 另有一属模 

式种的模式标本并非产自中国 , 但该属同时 

也包含着部分中国的标本 , 则在附录中作介 

绍。 

2006040163 

叶缘分析 : 埋葬学因素 = Leaf margin analysis: 

taphonomic constraints. ( 英文 ). Greenwood D R. 

Palaios, 2005, 20(5): 498–505 

Leaf margin analysis (LMA), which is based 

on a correlation between the proportion of 

woody dicot species with non-toothed leaf margins 

and mean annual temperature, has been 

promoted as a tool for estimating mean annual 

temperature (MAT) from fossil-leaf assemblages. 

The original LMA calibration was based on East 

Asian mesic vegetation, and substantially the 

same relationship has been shown for other geographical 

regions, including Australian mesic 

vegetation. In this report, taphonomic effects are 

assessed using autochthonous samples from extant 

Australian forests for sites ranging from 

tropical lowland rainforest and monsoonal deciduous 

woodland to temperate rainforest with 

and without emergent Eucalyptus, and for 

parautochthonous and allochthonous (i.e., 

streambed) leaf accumulations. MAT was estimated 

within the binomial sampling error of the 

estimate for 27 of 30 (90%) of the test sites, and 

45

was found to underestimate MAT systematically 

when applied to streambed leaf assemblages. 

This result may reflect the streamside bias detected 

in recent studies of tropical forests in 

South America. Sites where MAT was overestimated 

are of low species richness (

and partly of global distribution. This sedimentary 

succession records the nannoplankton evolution 

of the Aptian–early Albian interval and 

thus provides an excellent opportunity to calibrate 

the calcareous nannofossil record with 

Tethyan ammonite and planktic foraminiferal 

biostratigraphy. The calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy 

presented in this paper supports 

previous zonations, but it also provides a much 

higher resolution and thus improves the correlation 

of different black shale horizons on a supraregional 

scale. Up to 23 major (supraregionally 

significant) and minor (regionally significant) 

first and last occurrences of calcareous 

nannofossil taxa are recognized. Nannoconid 

abundances decrease rapidly in the upper Lower 

Aptian (nannoconid crisis I, NCI) and in the 

middle Upper Aptian (nannoconid crisis II, 

NCII). Both decreases correlate with carbonate 

– platform drowning events. The upper 

Lower Aptian interval above the NCI is characterized 

by high abundances of large specimens 

of Assipetra infracretacea and Rucinolithus 

terebrodentarius probably of supraregional significance. 

The uppermost Aptian–Lower Albian 

is characterized by high abundances of the 

calcareous nannoplankton taxon Repagulum 

parvidentatum, reflecting boreal influence on the 

Tethyan Realm. This suggests a temporary decrease 

in surface-water temperatures in the Vocontian 

Basin. 

2006040169 

云南石林二叠系茅口组叶状藻化石一新属 = 

A new genus of phylloid algae from the Maokou 

Formation (Permian) in Shilin area, Yunnan 

Province. ( 中文 ). 董宝清 ; 刘家润 ; 施贵军 ; 王超 . 

古生物学报 , 2005, 44(4): 584-590 1 图版 . 

叶状藻类是广泛分布于石炭 - 二叠系的钙质 

藻类 , 相关研究主要集中在美国。根据产自 

云南石林地区茅口组的标本 , 建立并描记了 

藻体巨大、表面具有独特纹饰、内部可能具 

有生殖构造的一新属 Archaeoudotea 和新种 

Archaeoudotea shilinensis; 其系统归属虽然有 

待于进一步研究证实 , 但新属可能属于红藻 

的珊瑚藻类 , 营底栖固着生活于水能量较弱 

的碳酸盐台地。 

2006040170 

意大利亚平宁北部 Viano 地区 Viano 粘土组 

下麦斯特里希特阶沟鞭藻 = Lower Maastrichtian 

dinoflagellates from the Viano Clay 

Formation at Viano, northern Apennines, Italy. 

( 英文 ). Roncaglia L. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 

23(1): 65-76 

The Viano Clay Formation, exposed in the 

northern Apennines, Italy, is a 360-m-thick, calcareous 

to siliciclastic turbidite that was deposited 

in a deep, open-marine environment. This 

paper focuses on the organic-walled dinoflagellate 

assemblages in the basal 253.3 m of the Viano 

Clay Formation in the type locality at Viano, 

Reggio Emilia. Key events are the highest occurrence 

datums of Cannosphaeropsis utinensis, 

Hystrichodinium pulchrum,Isabelidinium cooksoniae 

and Odontochitina operculata, and the 

lowest occurrence datums of Cerodinium diebelii 

and Palaeocystodinium golzowense, which 

correlate with the lower Maastrichtian dinoflagellate 

Cerodinium diebelii Interval Zone. Upper 

Cretaceous foraminifera and nannoplankton occur 

in the Viano Clay Formation at Viano, together 

with rare Lower Paleocene species. Reworking 

of Upper Cretaceous nannofossils and 

foraminifera has been suggested in the literature 

but could not be confirmed in the present study. 

At Viano, the Viano Clay Formation is of early 

Maastrichtian age and conformably overlies the 

upper Campanian–lower Maastrichtian Monte 

Cassio Formation. 

2006040171 

藏北羌塘丁固 — 加措地区康托组的时代 = 

Age of the Kangtog Formation in the Dinggo- 

Gyaco area, Qiangtang,northern Tibet, China. 

( 中文 ). 岳龙 ; 牟世勇 ; 曾昌兴 ; 易成兴 . 地质通 

报 , 2006, 25(1-2): 229-232 

自西藏区域地质调查大队创建康托组以 

来 , 康托组岩石地层单位广泛应用于羌塘地 

区 , 普遍认为其时代为新近纪。笔者于丁 

固 — 加措地区的康托组地层中采获古近纪轮 

藻化石 Obtusochara sp.,O.1anpingensis, 

Gyrogona qinajiangica 和部分孢粉化石 , 并在 

康托组底部安山岩中获 K—Ar 年龄 65.1- 

66.5Ma。上述轮藻组合与同住素年龄指示 

的地层时代为古新世一始新世 , 据此将测区 

康托组的时代确定为古近纪。由于测区康托 

组之上被唢纳湖组或鱼鳞山组角度不整合覆 

盖 , 因此康托组时代的确定不仅进一步完善 

了测区新生代地层系统 , 还指示测区在康托 

组与唢纳湖组或鱼鳞山组之间发生了一次强 

烈的构造运动。 

2006040172 

罗马尼亚 Moesian 地台 Dabuleni 地区 H20 

钻井始新世沟鞭藻新种 = New dinoflagellate 

cyst species from the Eocene of Moesian platform, 

Roromania. ( 中文 ). Ana Ionescu. 古生物 

学报 , 2003, 42(1): 39-44 2 图版 . 

罗马尼亚 Dabuleni 地区钻井岩芯的孢粉学 

研究揭露了一些丰富的微体浮游植物组合。 

根据孢粉学资料确定为始新世 Bartonian- 

Priabonian 期的地层产有丰富的沟鞭藻组合 , 

包含 Areosphaeridium dikryoplokus, Enneadocysta 

multicormuta, Batiacasphaera compta, 

47

Deflandrea phosphoritica.D. leplodermata, Hystrichokolpoma 

cinctum, Impagidinium maculatum.I.sp., 

Palaeocystodinium golzowense, 

Rhombodinium rhomboideum, Samlandia chlamydophora, 

Spiniferites ramosus, Thalassiphora 

pelagica 和 Wilsonidium compactum 等。文中 

描述 Bartonian-Proabonian 期的沟鞭藻 - 新届 

两新种 : Chateauneufacysta moesica gen.et 

sp.nov. 和 Rhombodinium antonescui sp.nov. 

2006040173 

沟鞭藻 Horologinella Cookson and Eisenack 

l962 的分类学及形态学 = Taxonomyand morphology 

of dinoelageliate cyst genus Horologinella 

Cookson and Elsenack 1962. ( 中文 ). 

E.B.Pestchevitskaya. 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(1): 

45-55 2 图版 . 

Horologinella 属最初的定义包含小个体的 

和具特有的滴漏器形的微体化石。归到该届 

的不同类型可分成形态构造不同的两类 : 具 

板式和非板式类型 , 进一步证实了在 

Horologinella 属的分类上颇混乱的情形。在 

本组合中 , 具板式类型极少见 , 与这类孢粉 

类型有关的形态学、地层分布及古环境特征 

的资料非常少见。文中描述了中西伯利亚北 

部阿纳巴尔湾早白垩世的 H. anabarensis 

Pestchevitskaya 的许多保存良好的标本 , 利用 

这些保存良好的标本可以研究 Horologinella 

类型的详细板式形态。前、后腰区和顶区的 

反映板式及第一块顶板片的对应位置和反映 

纵沟的构造 , 说明 Horologinella 具板式的类 

型与膝沟藻目的沟鞭膜囊孢 , 尤其是与瑞提 

膝沟藻亚日的分子有限密切的关系。古生物 

学和孢粉学的资料显示 H. anabarensis 和有利 

于微体浮游植物组合发育的浅海环境有关。 

2006040174 

西北地区潮水盆地侏罗系青土井群轮藻化石 

= Jurassic charophytes from the Qingtujing 

Group in the Chaoshui Basin, NW China. ( 中文 ). 

蒋飞虎 ; 王伟栋 ; 吕红玉 ; 刘长番 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(2): 257-265 3 图版 . 

潮水盆地青土井群为一套含煤碎屑岩 , 在 

盆地东部潮参 l 井青土井群三段发育大量以 

Aclistochara 占优势的轮藻化石群 , 其组合特 

征显示浓厚的晚侏罗世色彩。青土井群一、 

二段轮藻化石稀少 , 结合地层层序 , 推测其 

地质时代为早侏罗世。围岩沉积特征表明本 

井轮藻化石群为浅水生物群。 

2006040175 

加拿大艾伯塔 Jasper 国家公园 Miette 热泉微 

生物和矿物沉淀作用 = Microbes and mineral 

precipitation, Miette Hot Springs, Jasper National 

Park, Alberta, Canada. ( 英文 ). Bonny S; 

Jones B. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2003, 40(11): 1483-1500 

At Miette Hot Springs, SO42-/H2S-, Ca2+-, 

Sr2+-, and CO2--rich waters with a mean temperature 

of 51.2degreesC are ejected from three 

spring vents and several minor seeps near the 

floor of Sulphur Creek valley. Runoff channels 

from the springs are colonized by cyanobacteria 

(Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Gloeocapsa, 

Synechococcus, Xenococcus) that grow in resistant 

mats and as loose filaments within 0.5 m of 

the spring vents, diatom assemblages (Cymbella, 

Mastagloia, Brachysira, Sellaphora, Rhopalodia, 

Nitzschia, Navicula, Pinnularia) that dominate 

the flow paths 0.5-2.0 m from the vents, and 

microbial mats with cyanobacteria and diatoms 

in the distal flow paths. Sulphate-reducing bacteria 

and green algae are also present. Gypsum, 

elemental sulphur, and lesser quantities of calcite 

and strontianite precipitate from the spring waters. 

Microbial populations influence accumulation 

of mineral precipitates by (i) forming mats 

close to the spring vents on which crystals grow, 

(ii) forming mats alongside the flow paths that 

trap and bind precipitates, and (iii) providing 

loose filaments to which microscopic gypsum 

crystals adhere. The microbes also influence 

crystal habit by (i) creating pores on the surfaces 

of gypsum crystals where smaller crystal precipitates 

form, and (ii) producing intercellular 

mucus in microbial mats, where suspended crystals 

can grow in all directions to produce 

polyterminal calcite crystals. Diatoms also mediate 

corrosion of the faces of calcite and gypsum 

crystals. Enriched delta(13)C(inorganic) 

signatures in the precipitates associated with 

microbial communities indicate that photosynthesis 

may promote precipitation of calcite and 

strontianite. 

2006040176 

黑龙江省东北部绥滨地区东荣组最上部的沟 

鞭藻组合 — 兼论该地区侏罗 - 白垩系界线 = 

Dinoflagellate assemblage from the uppermost 

part of the Dongrong Formation with discussion 

on Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary in Suibin area, 

northeastern Heilongjiang Province, NE China. 

( 中文 ). 何承全 ; 祝幼华 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(3): 328-345 3 图版 . 

黑龙江省东北部绥滨地区海相东荣组最上 

部产丰富或较丰富的沟鞭藻类 , 经鉴定达 20 

属 30 余种 , 其中有些在我国为首次发现 , 包 

括一新种 Leberidocvsta suibinensis 

sp . nov .。文中详细地讨论沟鞭藻 

Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum 组合的特征及 

其地质时代 , 包括侏罗一白垩系界线等 ; 认 

48

为该组合的时代为 Berriasian- Valanginian 

期。这一组合是我国白垩纪最早期的海相沉 

积 , 也是白垩系底部的第一个化石组合 ; 首 

次提出黑龙江省东北部绥滨地区侏罗一白垩 

系界线应置于 Tithonian 阶的沟鞭藻 

Amphorula delicata 组合与 Berriasian- 

Valanginian 阶的 Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum 

组合之间 , 即岩石地层上的东荣组上部 

与最上部之间。这条沟鞭藻类生物地层界线 

与双壳类的下、中伏尔加阶的 Buchia 

mosquensis-B . rugosa 带与上伏尔加阶的 

B.fischeriana 带之间的分界完全吻合 , 与目 

前国际地科联地层委员会建议的侏罗 - 白垩系 

界线位于中伏尔加阶与上伏尔加阶之间亦完 

全一致。 

2006040177 

冲绳海槽末次冰期以来黑潮流游移在沉积硅 

藻中的记录 = Sedimentary diatom records on 

excursion of Kuroshio Current in Okinawa 

Trough since Last Glaciation. ( 中文 ). 蓝东兆 ; 陈 

承惠 ; 李超 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(3): 466-472 

文中描述冲绳海槽中段 2 个柱样沉积物中 

优势硅藻种相对含量 , 热带远洋种相对含量 

和硅藻组合的分布特征 ; 讨论地层的划分和 

对比、冲绳海槽末次冰期鼎盛期的古黑潮 

流、全新世黑潮流游移等科学问题。结果表 

明 , 冲绳海槽末次冰期鼎盛期的古黑潮流在 

现今 1 000m 等深线之间流过 , 当时的黑潮流 

宽度应小于 50km;16ka-11kaB.P. 随着海 

面上升 , 黑潮流越过西侧 1 000m 等深线 , 向 

东海陆架偏移 ; 全新世黑潮流分别在大约 7 

ka-8kaB.P.1 ka-4kaB.P. 出现过两次黑潮 

流宽度变窄、强度变弱的游移。 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 ) 

2006040178 

河南固始下石炭统杨山组华夏木一新种 = 

Cathaysiodendron yangshanense sp. nov. from 

the Early Carboniferous Yangshan Formation of 

Gushi, Henan. ( 中文 ). 张宜 ; 王军 ; 吴秀元 . 古生 

物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 265-267 

描述河南固始杨山煤矿下石炭统杨山组的 

一个华夏木新种 Cathaysiodendron yangshanense 

sp.nov., 这是近年来继在甘肃靖 

远早石炭世臭牛沟组中发现华夏木之后该属 

在早石炭世地层中的又一发现。华夏木属是 

华夏植物群的特有分子 , 它在早石炭世的发 

现对探讨华夏植物群的起源有重要意义。 

2006040179 

华夏木属新组合 Cathaysiodendron gushiensis 

comb. nov. = A new combination of the genus 

Cathaysiodendron Lee: C. gushiensis comb. 

nov.. ( 中文 ). 张宜 ; 许爱民 ; 王军 ; 吴秀元 . in: 杨 

勇 . 地学与资源研究新进展 . . Pages: 241(218- 

220). 中国石油大学出版社 . 2006. 7-5636-2235- 

7. 

确立华夏木属新组合 Cathaysiodendron 

gushiensis comb. nov., 将吴秀元描述的河南固 

始早石炭世杨山组的固始鳞木 ? 

(Lepidodendron ? gushiensis sp. nov.) 转隶到华 

夏木属内。同时 , 对迄今发现的华夏木属所 

有种的特征进行了小结。 

裸子植物 

2006040180 

甘肃酒泉盆地下白垩统 Pseudofrenelopsis 

( 掌鳞杉科 ) 的发现及其意义 = Pseudofrenelopsis 

( cheirolepidiaceae ) from the 

Lower Cretaceous of Jiuquan, Gansu, northwestern 

China. ( 中文 ). 邓胜徽 ; 杨小菊 ; 卢远征 . 古生 

物学报 , 2005, 44(4): 505-516 2 图版 . 

记述甘肃酒泉盆地早白垩世地层中发现的 

两种掌鳞杉科植物化石 Pseudofrenelopsis dalatzensis(Chow 

et Tsao,1977)Cao ex Zhou 

和 P. gansuensis sp . nov .。其中 , 归入 

P.dalatzensis 的标本无论是小枝形态还是表 

皮构造都与产于吉林延吉盆地大砬子组的模 

式标本一致。定为新种的标本小枝较粗 , 可 

能只有一枚叶 ; 节间角质层厚 25-30μm, 表 

面没有乳突和表皮毛 , 气孔器和表皮细胞均 

规则成行排列 ; 气孔器圆形或椭圆形 , 较 

大 , 整体下陷。副卫细胞通常 5—7 个 , 少数 

可达 8—9 个。保卫细胞仅部分保存。已发现 

的 Pseudo frenelopsis 均分布于北半球 , 时代 

限于早白垩世 , 且多为早白垩世晚期 , 其中 

P. dalatzensis 在模式标本产地与丰富的被子 

植物共生 , 应为早白垩世 Aptian 到 Albian 

期。该种在酒泉盆地中沟组的出现说明该组 

的时代最高可到 Aptian 或 Albian 期。已有资 

料还表明 ,Pseudofrenelopsisi 如主要生活于 

有季节变化、盐度较高或较干旱的环境中 , 

这与酒泉盆地早白垩世沉积物和其他门类的 

化石所指示的环境特征相符合。 

2006040181 

黑龙江鸡西早白垩世侧羽叶一新种 — 城子河 

侧羽叶 ( Pterophyllum chengzihense 

sp.nov.) = Pterophyllum chengzihense sp. nov., 

a new species from Lower Cretaceous of Jixi, 

Heilongjiang. ( 中文 ). 刘风香 . 世界地质 , 2006, 

25(1): 1-5 

根据产于黑龙江鸡西早白垩世城子河组一 

种侧羽叶属 (Pterophyllum) 植物化石的外形 

特征及表皮构造研究 , 确认该种属于本内苏铁 

类 (Bennettitales) 植物 , 并有别于其他植物类 

群 . 据此 , 新建一新种 - 城子河侧羽叶 ( 新种 ) 

49

Pterophyllum chengzihense sp. ov., 并讨论了该 

新种在研究中国东北地区早白垩世植物化石 

中的意义 . 

2006040182 

吉林延边早白垩世大拉子组植物化石新类 

型 — 星学异麻黄 = Alloephedra xingxuei gen. et 

sp. nov., an early Cretaceous member of 

Ephedraceae from Dalazi Formation in Yanji 

Basin, Jilin Province of China. ( 中文 ). 陶君容 ; 

杨永 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(2): 208-215 2 图版 . 

报道产自吉林省延边早白垩世大拉子组植 

物化石新类型 — 星学异麻黄 (Alloephedra 

xingxuei gen.et sp. nov.)。大拉子组的时代处 

于早白垩世的阿普特期 - 阿尔必期 (Aptian- 

Albian)。化石标本保存了植物的茎枝、雌球 

花及种子 ; 该种的茎枝分节 , 节间具细纵槽 

纹 , 叶退化 , 雌球花单个着生于小枝顶部 , 

种子成对且种子顶部宿存珠孔管等特征与现 

存麻黄科植物最为相近 , 因此可能属于麻黄 

科。 

被子植物 

2006040183 

云南保山上新统黄背栎 Quercus pannosa 

Hand.-Mazz. 角质层特征及古环境意义 = 

Cuticular structure of quercus pannosa hand. - 

mazz. from the Pliocene in Baoshan, Yunnan 

Province and its palaeoenvironmental significance. 

( 中文 ). 肖良 ; 孙柏年 ; 阎德飞 ; 解三平 ; 韦 

利杰 . 微体古生物学报 , 2006, 23(1): 23-30 1 图 

版 . 

在滇西保山上新统首次发现了黄背栎 

(Quercus pannosa) 压型化石 , 并分析了角 

质层构造。其特征主要为 : 上表皮无气孔 

器 , 表皮细胞为不规则形一五边形 , 垂周壁 

微弯曲 , 脉络为网格状 , 无毛基 ; 下表皮具 

环列型气孔器 , 表皮细胞为不规则形一五边 

形 , 垂周壁微弯曲 , 脉络为五边形的网格 

状 , 具毛基 , 毛的根部由多细胞组成 , 毛基 

部的细胞特化成辐射状。利用现存最近亲缘 

种 (NLR species) 原理 , 并比较化石和现生 

Q. pannosa 角质层特征 , 推断上新世 

Q . pannosa 在羊邑生长的古环境比现生 

Q.pannosa 生存的冷湿气候相对干旱 , 且化 

石 Q.pannosa 为近原地埋藏。 

2006040184 

昆栏树科 Nordenskioldia 属在新疆阿勒泰古 

新统的发现及其意义 = Discovery of Nordenskioldia(trochodendraceae) 

from the Paleocene 

of Altai, Xinjiang and its implications. ( 中 

文 ). 张光富 ; 郭双兴 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 

252-258 

在我国新疆阿勒泰古新统发现的北方诺登 

斯基果 (Nordenskioldia borealis) 主要具以下 

特征 : 果序轴有 2 个分枝 , 上面着生多个无 

柄的果实。着生果实的果序轴基部明显膨 

大 , 并由此向果序远轴端 ( 下部 ) 逐渐变 

细。果实近球形或卵圆形 , 由 15 个分果组 

成 , 分果围绕一中央轴排成一轮。将被前人 

鉴定为扁叶对枝柏 (Ditaxoicladus plani phyllus 

Guo et Sun) 的种鳞化石重新鉴定为北方 

诺登斯基果。分析诺登斯基果属在我国的地 

质地理分布 , 并结合现生昆栏树科的地理分 

布 , 认为 :1) 诺登斯基果属在我国地质历史 

时期曾有着广泛的分布 , 但自古新世后其分 

布区很可能从北向南退缩 ;2) 诺登斯基果属 

比昆栏树属 (Trochodendra) 分布的气候带 

更广 , 前者比后者具有更强的气候适应性 , 

这印证了诺登斯基果属不是昆栏树属的直接 

祖先的推测。 

2006040185 

云南腾冲晚第三纪两种被子植物化石的角质 

层构造及其古环境意义 = Cuticular structure of 

two angiosperm fossils in Neogene from Tengchong, 

Yunnan Province and its palaeoenvironmental 

significance. ( 中文 ). 孙柏年 ; 丛培允 ; 阎 

德飞 ; 解三平 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(2): 216- 

222 1 图版 . 

重点描述云南腾冲晚第三纪两种被子植物 

化石 Betula mioluminifera Hu et 

Chaney,Carpinus subcordata Nathorst 的角质层 

构造 , 并分析它们的现存最近亲缘种 B. luminifera 

Winkler 和 C. cordata B1. var. mollis 

Cheng et Chen 的表皮特征。实验分析证明 : 

化石叶片的气孔参数可以推测地质历史时期 

大气 CO 2 的浓度 , 并进而分析古环境的变 

化。C.subcordata Nathorst 叶片能作为大气 

CO 2 浓度的生物指标。 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 

2006040186 

皖南、赣北早特马道克期 Staurograptus 的再 

研究 = A restudy of Staurograptus from South 

Anhui and North Jiangxi. ( 中文 ). 李明 ; 冯洪真 ; 

陈爱林 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(4): 1 552-560 图 

版 . 

对皖南和赣北早奥陶世早特马道克期的 

Staurograptus 重新研究表明 , 该属具有原始 

枝末端正分推迟、分支级数缩减和笔石枝密 

度降低的演化趋势 , 而代表不同演化阶段的 

三个种类 , 即 Staurograptus dichotomus Emmons 

, S . apertus Ruedemann 和 

S.hyperboreus Obut et Sobolevskaya, 构成了 

50

该属基本的系统发育谱系。种群分析进一步 

显示 , 其主要性状变异范围尽管较宽但趋于 

正态分布的 S.dichotomus, 可能包含了除 

S.apertus 和 S.hyperboreus 之外的所有已 

知 Staurograptus 的异名种类。 

2006040187 

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地早白垩世穆棱组植物 

化石新材料 = New material of fossil plants 

from the Early Cretaceous Muling Formation of 

the Jixi Basin, eastern Heilongjiang Province,China. 

( 中文 ). 杨小菊 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(4): 561-584 7 图版 . 

系统描述了最近采集的穆棱组植物化石 22 

属 23 种 , 其中的两种被子植物叶化石均为具 

原始被子植物叶特征的小型叶 , 在该植物群 

中尚属首次发现。运用扫描电镜 (SEM) 等方 

法对其中的 Tyrmia sp .,Nilssoniopteris 

sp. , Ginkgoites cf . sibirica , Sphenobaiera 

sp.,Elatocladus manchurica 等化石的叶角质 

层进行了研究。据已有的资料统计 , 穆棱组 

迄今已知有化石植物 31 属 38 种。该植物群 

以真蕨类占据绝对优势 , 裸子植物也相当丰 

富 , 其中的大多数种类主要见于早白垩世 , 

穆棱组的地质时代应属早白垩世巴列姆期或 

巴列姆一阿普梯早期。植物组合中以丰富的 

热带及亚热带型植物为主要特点 , 未发现针 

叶类型的植物 , 说明早白垩世穆棱组沉积 

时 , 该地区的气候温暖湿润 ; 另一方面 , 落 

叶的银杏类和松柏类 , 以及裸子植物木化石 

中具有清楚的生长轮 , 又说明该地区的古气 

候存在着季节变化。该植物群属于早白垩世 

西伯利亚植物区或加拿大 - 西伯利亚植物区。 

2006040188 

一位古生物学家的遗迹 — 杨式溥教授 (1925- 

2002) 对地质学和古生物学的贡献 = The 

trace of a paleontologist ——professor Shipu 

Yang(1925-2002)'s contributions to geology and 

paleontology. ( 中文 ). 杨洪 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(4): 627-636 

回顾和总结了杨式溥教授一生为中国地质 

学和古生物学所做出的重要贡献。以其公开 

发表的论著为基础 , 论述了杨式溥在中国石 

炭纪地层学、腕足动物化石、古遗迹学以及 

古生态学等研究领域的贡献 , 并简要评述了 

他的学术思路和治学特色。杨式溥对中国西 

北和西南地区石炭纪的腕足动物化石的研究 

为中国石炭纪地层的内部界线划分、对比、 

化石组合、地理区系及沉积类型提供了重要 

证据。杨式溥是中国古生态学和古遗迹学的 

奠基人 , 他全面系统地引入了古生态学的概 

念与方法 , 并在全国高校首次开设了有关课 

程。他对中国各时代、不同沉积相中的遗迹 

化石的系统描述和遗迹相的研究开拓了中国 

古生物学的新领域。杨式溥执教半个多世 

纪 , 为中国地质和古生物事业培养了大批专 

门人才。文后附有以出版年代为序的杨式溥 

所著文献的完整目录。 

原生动物 

2006040189 

青海省南部治多 — 杂多一带早石炭世有孔虫 

动物群 = Early Carboniferous foraminiferal 

faunas in the Zhidoi and Zadoi area, southern 

Qinghai. ( 中文 ). 牛志军 ; 段其发 ; 王建雄 ; 白云 

山 ; 涂兵 ; 卜建军 . 微体古生物学报 , 2005, 22(4): 

329-345 4 图版 . 

在青海省南部的治多 — 杂多一带 1/25 万地 

质填图中 , 于杂多群中首次发现非筵有孔 

虫 , 建立 2 个组合 , 即 Endothyra- 

Mediocris — Archaediscus 组合和 Bradyina- 

Endothyranopsis 组合 , 地质时代为早石炭世 

大塘期 - 德坞期 , 与华南、塔里木盆地、西秦 

岭、前苏联等地同期生物群可很好地对比 , 

同时结合大冢相似系数的计算表明 , 青海南 

部地区在早石炭世属于特提斯大区华夏生物 

区华南省。 

2006040190 

滇西南耿马弄巴剖面的晚古生代放射虫动物 

群 = Late Paleozoic radiolarians from the 

Nongba section, in Gengma,South-western Yunnan. 

( 中文 ). 张凡 ; 冯庆来 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2005, 22(4): 346-355 2 图版 . 

滇西南耿马弄巴剖面的硅质岩层中 , 存在 

大量放射虫化石 , 计有 12 属 28 种 , 时代跨 

越晚古生代 , 可建立两个组合和三个化石 

带 : 晚泥盆世 Entactinia-Entactinos phaera 组 

合 ; 早石炭世杜内期中期 Albaillella paradoxa 

带 , 杜内期晚期一维宪期早期 Albaillella indensis 

带 , 维宪期中期 Albaillella cartalla 

带 ; 晚二叠世 Entactinia itsukaichiensis 组 

合。弄巴剖面是由 7 个主要地层断片组成的 

断片型地层体 , 放射虫的研究为地层断片的 

时代归属问题提供了准确的微体古生物证 

据。 

2006040191 

山东兖州煤田太原组 [ 竹蜓 ] 类动物群及石炭 - 

二叠系界线探讨 = Study on the fusulinid fauna 

and the Carboniferous-Permian boundary in the 

Taiyuan Formation from the Yanzhou coalfield, 

Shandong Province. ( 中文 ). 朱玉英 ; 张继胜 ; 贾 

强 ; 张锡麒 ; 王明镇 . 微体古生物学报 , 2005, 

22(4): 400-411 1 图版 . 

通过对山东兖州煤田太原组 [ 竹蜓 ] 类动物群 

的系统研究 , 共鉴定出 [ 竹蜓 ] 类化石 12 属 

51

103 种及部分未定种。根据 [ 竹蜓 ] 类化石在地 

层中的分布和垂向变化规律 , 自上而下建立 

一个 [ 竹蜓 ] 带三个亚带 :Schwagerina 带 :3) 

Triticites parvus-Quasi fusulina longissima 亚 

带 ,2)Schwagerina gregaria-Boultonia willsi 

亚带 ,1 ) Quasi fusulina pseudocayeuxi- 

Rugoso fusulina valida 亚带。通过与邻区及华 

北部分地区对比 , 本区太原组 [ 竹蜓 ] 类动物群 

的地质时代为早二叠世早期 , 本区石炭 - 二叠 

系界线应置于太原组第十一层灰岩之底。 

2006040192 

意大利 Monti d'Ocre 地区阿尔比阶最上部 - 下 

塞诺曼阶有孔虫 Orbitolinidae 和 Alveolinidae 

科 = Orbitolinidae and Alveolinidae (Foraminiferida) 

from the uppermost Albian-lower 

Cenomanian of Monti d'Ocre (Abruzzi, Italy). 

( 英文 ). Mancinelli A;Chiocchini M;Coccia B. 


A biostratigraphic study carried out in the 

Monti d'Ocre area, Abruzzi, Central Apennines, 

allowed us to recognize Orbitolina (Conicorbitolina) 

moulladei ‘Strata 5 (1985) 1’, Praealveolina 

iberica Reichel and Praealveolina simplex 

Reichel in uppermost Albian – lower 

Cenomanian shelf-edge deposits of the Fossato 

Machè succession. These foraminifers have now 

been found for the first time in the Apennines of 

central Italy; their finding is quite important 

from a palaeobiogeographic viewpoint, as it contributes 

to the improvement of our knowledge on 

facies distribution in the circum-Mediterranean 

regions during the Cretaceous Period. In the 

study area, the coeval Monte Rotondo and 

Monte Orsello sections also crop out; these are 

characterized by bauxite deposits and stratigraphic 

gaps reflecting episodes of emergence 

on the carbonate platform. The Monte Rotondo 

and Monte Orsello sections accumulated in a 

platform back-reef environment; consequently, 

in this sector of the Monti d'Ocre area, the depositional 

environment shifted from a back-reef 

westward and southward to a shelf-edge northward, 

during the latest Albian–early Cenomanian. 

Owing to synsedimentary tectonics, the 

area investigated underwent differential subsidence: 

westward and southward, wide areas 

were uplifted and subjected to emergence, karstification 

and bauxite accumulation, whereas 

sedimentation continued in a shelf-edge environment 

in the north-eastern area. 

2006040193 

滇西耿马县小新寨中二叠世沙子坡组 

“Rugososchwagerina” 的再研究 = Restudy 

of the “Rugososchwagerina” of the middle 

Permian from Xiaoxinzhai of Gengma, western 

Yunnan. ( 中文 ). 史宇坤 ; 杨湘宁 ; 金小赤 . 古生 

物学报 , 2005, 44(4): 535-544 2 图版 . 

中二叠世的 Eopolydiexodina- 

Rugososchwagerina 蜒类动物群是一个具有重 

要地层及古地理意义的动物群 , 也是滇西保 

山地块沙子坡组的一个指示性动物群。文中 

详细研究了耿马小新寨沙子坡组 

“Rugososchwagerina” 标本的形态学特征 , 

阐明了其与 Rugososchwagerina Miklukho- 

Maklay,1956 的模式标本在特征上的显著区 

别。依据幼壳形态特征在蜓类个体发育及系 

统发生研究中的重要性 , 对小新寨 

“Rugososchwagerina” 标本的属级分类提出 

质疑 , 并建议建立新属 Xiaoxinzhaiella 

gen.nov.。 

2006040194 

云南保山地区二叠纪 Shanita 有孔虫动物群 = 

The Shanita fauna ( Permian foraminifera ) 

from Baoshan area, western Yunnan. ( 中文 ). 黄 

浩 ; 杨湘宁 ; 金小赤 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 44(4): 

545-555 2 图版 . 

系统研究了云南保山市卧牛寺附近大凹子 

组 “ 破灰岩 ” 中的 Shanita 有孔虫动物群 , 鉴 

定出其中特征分子 Shanita 和 Hemigordiopsis 

种 ( 包括 2 新种 , 不含未定种和比较种 ), 

其他非筵有孔虫 10 属。研究结果表明 , 保山 

地区 Shanita 动物群的特征属和整体构成与缅 

甸、泰国和我国西藏等地的 Shanita 动物群相 

似 , 时代为茅口期晚期 ( 冷坞期 ) 至吴家坪 

期早期。但是 , 总体属级分异度较低 , 个别 

地方性种的出现及共生筵类的缺失 , 又使得 

保山地区的 Shanita 动物群具有一定的地域色 

彩。 

2006040195 

星座图法在二叠纪末期 Albaillella 属放射虫 

化石形态分类中的应用 = Application of constellation 

graph to the morphological classification 

of Albaillella (Radiolaria) from latest 

Permian. ( 中文 ). 金雨溪 ; 宣闯 ; 冯庆来 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2006, 23(1): 16-22 

晚二叠世放射虫 Albaillella 属分布广泛 , 壳 

体结构相对简单 , 性状演化较快 , 具有重要 

的地层学价值 (Kuwahara,1997), 但这也 

给形态种分类带来许多困难。本文选用产自 

广西扶绥东攀剖面的一批保存完好的 

Albaillella 属放射虫化石样品 , 对样品壳体的 

七种形态性状进行测量 , 并将其进一步转换 

为七种数值分类指标。尝试应用星座图法综 

合利用这些指标进行分类 , 并利用拉格朗日 

乘子法求解二次规划模型 , 量化分类指标权 

值 , 最后依据此权值对新样品进行判别。文 

末讨论了此方法的适用范围。 

52

2006040196 

塔斯曼海南部更新世放射虫的生物地层学 = 

Pleistocene biostratigraphy of radiolarians from 

the South Tasman sea. ( 中文 ). Sharma G 

K;Takahashi K;Dalakoti V S. 微体古生物学 

报 , 2006, 23(1): 31-50 2 图版 . 

本研究利用保存丰富、完好的放射虫对塔 

斯曼海更新世层序进行地层学分析。对塔斯 

曼海南部更新世的 KH94-4TSP-4PC 岩芯的放 

射虫组合进行了详细的生物地层学分析 , 并 

从 8.6m 长的岩芯中识别出 83 种放射虫。依 

据放射虫属种的出现和消失 , 可得到两个放 

射虫带 , 即 Chi 带 ( 老 ) 和 Psi 带 ( 新 )。 

Chi 带的顶部以 Saturnalis circularis Haeckel, 

Cycladophora pliocenica Hays 的最后出现和 

Triceraspyris antarctica Haecker 的首次出现为 

标志。Psi 带的顶部以 Stylatractus universus 

Hay 和 Antarctissa cylindrica Petrushevskaya 的 

最后出现为标志。这些放射虫带可与浮游有 

孔虫 Globorotalia ( G. ) truncatulinoides 带 

进行对比。 

2006040197 

特提斯海早白垩世浮游有孔虫 :Leupoldina 

属 = Early Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera 

from the Tethys: the genus Leupoldina. ( 英文 ). 

Verga D;Silva I P. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 

23(2): 189-212 

New findings of Early Cretaceous wellpreserved 

planktonic foraminiferal assemblages 

from the Cismon core (NE Italy) and Calabianca 

section (NW Sicily) lead to a better understanding 

of the morphological features of several taxa. 

This paper deals with the revision of the taxa 

bearing radial chamber prolongations. Comparison 

of morphological characteristics between the 

genus Leupoldina Bolli, 1957 and Schackoina 

Thalmann, 1932 resulted in retaining Leupoldina 

as a valid genus that is distinguished from 

Schackoina by possessing radially elongate 

chambers ending with close, bulb-shaped extensions 

instead of open tubulospines. Moreover, 

the coiling mode in Leupoldina is pseudoplanispiral 

to trochospiral, whereas Schackoina 

is initially slightly trochospiral passing to 

planispiral, as supported by the asymmetry and 

symmetry of the aperture across the periphery, 

respectively. The species of the genus Leupoldina 

retained here areL. cabri Sigal, 1952, L. 

reicheli Bolli, 1957, and L. pustulans Bolli, 1957, 

among which three subspecies have been recognized 

on the basis of the number of chambers in 

the outer whorl; L. pustulans pustulans Bolli, 

1957, L. pustulans quinquecamerata Bolli, 1957 

and L. pustulans hexacamerata, subsp. nov. 

Stratigraphically,L. pustulans pustulans first 

appears in the Upper Barremian, L. cabri in the 

Lower Aptian just below the Selli Level, and the 

other taxa in the Upper Aptian above the Selli 

horizon. However, L. pustulans quinquecamerata 

and L. pustulans hexacamerata have ranges 

that are restricted to the lower part of the L. 

cabri Zone, whereas L. pustulans pustulans and 

L. reicheli range up to the base of the Globigerinelloides 

ferreolensis Zone. 

2006040198 

澳大利亚西北部埃克斯茅斯高原南部中高纬 

度地区上土伦阶 - 下坎帕阶浮游有孔虫 : 生物 

地层及分类 = Upper Turonian–lower Campanian 

planktonic foraminifera from southern 

mid – high latitudes (Exmouth Plateau, NW 

Australia): biostratigraphy and taxonomic notes. 

( 英文 ). Petrizzo M R. Cretaceous Research, 

2000, 21(4): 479-505 

A planktonic foraminiferal zonal scheme is 

presented for subdivision of the Upper Cretaceous 

pelagic carbonate sequence from southern 

mid–high latitudes. Definition of the zones is 

based on first and last occurrences of planktonic 

foraminifera from Ocean Drilling Program Holes 

762C and 763B (Leg 122; Exmouth Plateau, 

south Indian Ocean). During the Late Cretaceous 

the studied holes were located close to 50°S 

and for the first time a complete sedimentary 

record for the mid–high latitudes was obtained. 

A detailed biostratigraphic analysis has allowed 

recognition of two new zones (Falsotruncana 

maslakovae Zone and Marginotruncana 

marianosi Zone) for the interval extending from 

the last occurrence of Helvetoglobotruncana 

helvetica to the first occurrence of Dicarinella 

asymetrica (upper Turonian–lower Santonian). 

From this study it is apparent that some low latitude 

(Globotruncana ventricosa,Hedbergella 

flandrini , Marginotruncana marianosi) and 

high latitude (Globigerinelloides impensus and- 

Hedbergella sliteri ) marker taxa display a vertical 

distribution at mid–high latitudes which is 

different from that known from low latitudes; 

moreover, one species (Heterohelix papula), 

overlooked at low latitudes, exhibits a restricted 

range that seems to be useful for chronobiostratigraphic 

correlations: its appearance is 

suggested to coincide with the Coniacian/Santonian 

boundary. The proposed biozonation, 

which is integrated with calcareous nannofossil 

and magnetostratigraphic data available 

for the sections studied, is compared with both 

the low-latitude standard zonation and the planktonic 

foraminiferal zonal scheme for the circum- 

Antarctic region, in order to define a biochronostratigraphic 

scale that is useful for mid– 

high latitudes of the southern oceans. 

53

2006040199 

南大西洋白垩纪末期底栖有孔虫生物地理 : 

深海深水循环及营养梯度 = Biogeography of 

terminal Cretaceous benthic foraminifera: deepwater 

circulation and trophic gradients in the 

deep South Atlantic. ( 英文 ). Widmark J G V. 

Cretaceous Research, 2000, 21(2-3): 367-379 

The biogeographic distribution of terminal 

Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) deep-sea benthic 

foraminifera are analysed from the South Atlantic 

Ocean. The data quantified derive from six 

DSDP sites representing a west-to-east transect 

in mid-latitudes and three high-latitude ODP 

sites. 

Correspondence analysis revealed five benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages that are representative 

of bathymetrically and latitudinally different 

environmental settings within the South Atlantic: 

(1) a Shallow Mid-Latitude Assemblage [Bolivinoides 

draco, Eouvigerina subsculptura, 

Gaudryina pyramidata,Scheibnerova ? sp., Spiroplectammina 

spp. (calcerous forms) and Tritaxia 

aspera]; (2) an Intermediate Mid-Latitude 

Assemblage [Cibicidoides hyphalus, Nuttallides 

truempyi, Paralabamina lunata, Praebulimina 

spp., Sitella cushmani and Valvalabamina sp. 

(involute form)]; (3) a Deep Mid-Latitude Assemblage 

(Bulimina velascoensis, Gyroidinoides 

beisseli, Nuttallinella sp. A,Oridorsalis - 

complex, Osangularia ? sp., Paralabamina 

hillebrandti, Quadrimorphina camerata,Reussella 

szajnochae szajnochae and Sitella 

cf. plana); (4) a Shallow High-Latitude Assemblage 

(Alabamina creta, Brizalina incrassata, 

Osangularia texana, Pullenia coryelli, Pyramidina 

rudita and Spiroplectammina ‘ crassa ’ ); 

and (5) a Deep High-Latitude Assemblage [Gavelinella 

beccariiformis, Gyroidinoides quadratus, 

Nuttallides sp. A, Osangularia velascoensis,Paralabamina 

sp. (intermediate form), Valvalabamina 

? praeacuta and Spiroplectammina 

dentata]. 

Comparison of the proportions of epibenthic/endobenthic 

morphotypes within each of the 

five assemblages resulting from correspondence 

analysis suggests clear trends between sites of 

the mid- and high latitudes respectively, and 

along bathymetric gradients among sites of similar 

latitudes. These trends are inferred to represent 

environmental (such as trophic and oxygenation) 

gradients when placed within a 

framework of hypothesized surface circulation 

and upwelling patterns in the late Maastrichtian 

South Atlantic. 

2006040200 

巴西陆架东北部及西非盆地中部晚白垩世有 

孔虫生物地理 (Bolivinidae, Buliminellidae, 

Gavelinellidae, Siphogenerinoididae, Turrilinidae 

科 ) = Late Cretaceous foraminiferal 

biogeography (Families Bolivinidae, Buliminellidae, 

Gavelinellidae, Siphogenerinoididae, Turrilinidae) 

in northeastern Brazilian shelf and 

central West African basins. ( 英文 ). Koutsoukos 

E A M;Klasz I. Cretaceous Research, 2000, 

21(2-3): 381-405 

Many specimens belonging to the benthic foraminiferal 

families Bolivinidae, Buliminellidae, 

Gavelinellidae, Siphogenerinoididae and Turrilinidae 

are commonly recovered from Upper 

Cretaceous (Coniacian–Maastrichtian) rocks 

deposited in shelf and upper bathyal settings of 

low-latitude Atlantic regions. Biogeographic 

distribution patterns indicate the existence of a 

‘central North Atlantic-western Tethyan 

Realm’, with two distinct provinces: (a) a 

‘Brazilian-Caribbean-Gulf Coast Province’ 

(Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, the Caribbean, 

Mexico, Texas and southern California), and (b) 

a ‘Guinean Province’ (Cameroon, Congo, 

Gabon, Ivory Coast and Morocco). The Brazilian-Caribbean-Gulf 

Coast Province shares about 

23% of species with the Transitional/Austral 

Realm, and 34% with the Boreal/NE Tethyan 

Realm. The Guinean Province is marked by 

about 50% endemism, chiefly represented by 

species of Gabonita, and shares about 12% of 

species with the Boreal/NE Tethyan Realm. 

These provinces probably developed in response 

to different palaeoceanographic conditions and 

trophic regimes at the same latitude on both 

sides of the northern South Atlantic. Revised 

systematics are presented for species that have 

been commonly recorded in northeastern Brazil. 

2006040201 

亚得里亚海中部全新世泥质沉积带形成和水 

深演化的底栖有孔虫证据 = Benthic foraminiferal 

evidence for the formation of the Holocene 

mud-belt and bathymetrical evolution in the central 

Adriatic Sea. ( 英文 ). Morigi C;Jorissen F 

J;Fraticelli S; Horton B P; Principi M;Sabbatini 

A;Capotondi L;Curzie P V;Negri A. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2005, 57(1-2): 25-49 

Detailed analyses of modern and fossil benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages collected in the 

central Adriatic Sea are used as tools to reconstruct 

the environmental changes that occurred 

between the Last Deglaciation and the Present 

(last 14 Kyrs); in particular we focus on the timing 

and formation of the mud-belt. The modern 

benthic foraminiferal assemblages display a parallel 

zonation to the Italian coast controlled by 

the interaction between food/oxygen availability 

and water depth. Cluster analysis of 4 sediment 

cores separates the fossil foraminiferal assemblages 

in 6 groups: Cluster A is dominated by 

three Ammonia species; Cluster B consists of 

54

Ammonia papillosa, Nonionella turgida, Elphidium 

advenum and Elphidium decipiens; 

Cluster C is composed of two taxa, Hyalinea 

balthica and Trifarina angulosa; Cluster D is 

dominated by 5 species, Cibicides lobatulus, 

Buccella granulata, Reussella spinulosa, Textularia 

agglutinans and Elphidium crispum; Cluster 

E contains Bulimina spp., Gavelinopsis praegeri, 

Bolivina spp., Cassidulina neocarinata and 

Asterigerinata mamilla; and Cluster F is dominated 

by Bulimina marginata, Valvulineria 

bradyana, Globocassidulina subglobosa and 

Melonis padanum. The cluster analysis and contemporary 

distribution patterns of these taxa are 

used together with ecological preferences of the 

most frequent species to reconstruct the spatial 

and temporal distribution of the different biofacies 

in the past. This reveals information about 

Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes that are 

related to water depth fluctuations and the installment 

of the coast-parallel mud-belt. The 

benthic assemblage records the transition from a 

infralitoral environment (Biofacies I) to deeper 

marine condition (Biofacies III). After that the 

sea level reached about the modern level (Biofacies 

IV) the benthic foraminiferal community 

evidences the development of the mud-belt and 

the subsequent transformation of the ecological 

niches linked to the trophic evolution of the environment. 

2006040202 

赤道太平洋地区渐新统 / 中新统界线附近放射 

虫动物群的更替 = Radiolarian faunal turnover 

across the Oligocene/Miocene boundary in the 

equatorial Pacific Ocean. ( 英文 ). Kamikuri 

S;Nishi H:Moore T C;Nigrini C A;Motoyama I. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 57(3-4): 74- 

96 

The global warming trend of the latest Oligocene 

was interrupted by several cooling events 

associated with Antarctic glaciations. These 

cooling events affected surface water productivity 

and plankton assemblages. Well-preserved 

radiolarians were obtained from upper Oligocene 

to lower Miocene sediments at Ocean Drilling 

Program (ODP) Leg 199 Sites 1218 and 1219 in 

the equatorial Pacific, and 110 radiolarian species 

were identified. 

Four episodes of significant radiolarian faunal 

changes were identified: middle late Oligocene 

(27.5 to 27.3 Ma), latest Oligocene (24.4 Ma), 

earliest Miocene (23.3 Ma), and middle early 

Miocene (21.6 Ma). These four episodes approximately 

coincide with increases and decreases 

of biogenic silica accumulation rates and 

increases in δ 18 O values coded as “Oi” and 

“Mi” events. These data indicate that Antarctic 

glaciations were associated with change of 

siliceous sedimentation patterns and faunal 

changes in the equatorial Pacific. 

Radiolarian fauna was divided into three assemblages 

based on variations in radiolarian 

productivity, species richness and the composition 

of dominant species: a late Oligocene assemblage 

(27.6 to 24.4 Ma), a transitional assemblage 

(24.4 to 23.3 Ma) and an early Miocene 

assemblage (23.3 to 21.2 Ma). The late 

Oligocene assemblage is characterized by relatively 

high productivity, low species richness 

and four dominant species of Tholospyris anthophora, 

Stichocorys subligata, Lophocyrtis nomas 

and Lithelius spp. The transitional assemblage 

represents relatively low values of productivity 

and species richness, and consists of three dominant 

species of T. anthophora, S. subligata and L. 

nomas. The characteristics of the early Miocene 

assemblage are relatively low productivity, but 

high species richness. The two dominant species 

present in this assemblage are T. anthophora and 

Cyrtocapsella tetrapera. The most significant 

faunal turnover of radiolarians is marked at the 

boundary between the transitional/early Miocene 

assemblages. 

We also reviewed changes in other microfossil 

assemblages in the low latitudes during the 

late Oligocene through early Miocene. The microfossil 

assemblages of major groups show 

sequential changes near the Oligocene/Miocene 

(O/M) boundary (23.8 Ma). Many extinction 

events and some first occurrences of calcareous 

nannofossils and many occurrences of radiolarians 

are found from about 24.8 to 23.3 Ma, and 

first occurrences of planktic foraminifers and 

diatoms followed from 23.2 through 22 Ma. 

Hence, the O/M boundary is identified as a significant 

level for microfossil evolutions. 

2006040203 

现代含共生生物的底栖有孔虫 Mg,Sr 组成 

= Magnesium and strontium compositions of 

recent symbiont-bearing benthic foraminifera. 

( 英文 ). Raja R;Saraswati P K;Rogers K;Iwao K. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 58(1): 31-44 

Minor and trace elements in foraminiferal 

carbonates are potential paleo-proxies of climate, 

nutrient and seawater composition. There are 

very few reports of trace element composition of 

symbiont-bearing, larger foraminifera that are 

known to be important constituents of shallowmarine, 

modern and ancient carbonates. In this 

paper we examine the range of variation in Mg 

and Sr content of Recent species of these foraminifera 

from a lagoon of Lakshadweep Atoll 

(Indian Ocean) and Akajima Islands, Japan. Two 

hyaline species, Amphistegina lessonii and 

Neorotalia calcar,and two porcellaneous species, 

Amphisorus hemprichii and Marginopora vertebralis 

were collected live from Lakshadweep 

55

islands. Mg / Ca in these foraminifera is of an 

order of magnitude higher than the values reported 

for planktonic and symbiont-free benthic 

foraminifera. The Sr / Ca values are, however, 

comparable with the reported values in other 

foraminiferal taxa and they are found to vary 

within a narrow range. Electron-probe microanalysis 

of three symbiont-bearing benthic species 

indicates spatial heterogeneity of high orders 

in Mg / Ca composition in all the species. 

The annual variation in temperature and pH of 

the lagoon water cannot explain the observed 

amplitude of the compositional variation. The 

photosynthesis and respiration of the symbionts 

and host foraminifera are possibly the major 

cause of compositional heterogeneity in individual 

tests, as has also been recently postulated for 

symbiont-bearing planktonic foraminiferal species. 

It highlights the need to isolate biological 

factors and necessitates species-specific paleotemperature 

scale in paleoclimatic analysis. We 

also analyzed δ 18 O, δ 13 C, Ca, Mg and Sr in 

carefully dissected chambers of a reef-dwelling, 

porcellaneous benthic foraminifer, Marginopora 

kudakajimaensis, collected live in four seasons. 

A moderate positive correlation is observed between 

Mg / Ca and temperature. However, large 

inter- and intra-test variation in Mg limits the 

precision of Mg / Ca as palaeotemperature proxy. 

The Sr / Ca of the test calcite is unrelated to 

temperature of the sea water. The δ 13 C of M. 

kudakajimaensis does not correlate with δ 18 O, 

Mg / Ca or Sr / Ca. 

2006040204 

日本琉球群岛两侧沉积物捕集器中浮游有孔 

虫通量季节性变化的对比 = Comparison of 

seasonal flux variations of planktonic foraminifera 

in sediment traps on both sides of the Ryukyu 

Islands, Japan. ( 英文 ). Xu Xuedong;Yamasaki 

M;Oda M;Honda M C. Marine 


Variations in the fluxes of planktonic foraminifera 

were analyzed based on sediment trap 

data collected over a period of 10 months, from 

October 1994 to August 1995, at stations 

JAST01 and JAST02, located on both sides of 

the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Station JAST01 (latitude 

27°23′N, longitude 126°44′E) was 

deployed at a depth of 1000 m in the Okinawa 

Trough, East China Sea, along the flow axis of 

the Kuroshio Current, west of the islands, 

whereas station JAST02 (latitude 25 ° 4 ′ N, 

longitude 127°34′E) was deployed at a depth 

of 3000 m in the Ryukyu Trench, along the 

western margin of the northwest Pacific, east of 

the Islands. The total planktonic foraminiferal 

fluxes (TFFs) in the eastern station were high in 

winter, when the surface-water column was vertically 

well mixed. In contrast, the TFF peaks 

did not show significant seasonality in the western 

station, but values fluctuated with the northwest–southeast 

oscillation of the Kuroshio axis. 

Among the 36 planktonic foraminiferal species 

identified in the trap samples, Globigerina bulloides, 

Globigerinita glutinata, Neogloboquadrina 

dutertrei, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, 

Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerinoides sacculifer 

and Globigerina falconensis exhibited a 

greater shell flux. On both sides of the Ryukyu 

Island Arc, the fluxes of G. ruber and G. sacculifer 

increased synchronously with the seasonal 

warming of surface waters, whereas that of G. 

falconensis increased during winter, when the 

water column was vertically well mixed as a 

result of the NW monsoon. In contrast to these 

species, which exhibited similar seasonal flux 

variation patterns at both stations, the species G. 

bulloides, G. glutinata, N. dutertrei, and P. 

obliquiloculata displayed different flux variations 

on both sides of the islands. These fluxes 

seem to be regulated by phytoplankton productivity, 

which is controlled by the vertical structure 

of the water column on the eastern Ryukyu 

Trench side and by the oscillation of the Kuroshio 

axis on the western Okinawa Trough side. 

Lateral transport of suspended planktonic foraminiferal 

shells to the Okinawa Trough might 

exist, but is not prominent enough to wipe out 

the original features of the planktonic foraminiferal 

flux. The species G. falconensis is an indicator 

of winter mixing on both sides of the Ryukyu 

Islands, and may possibly be used as a proxy to 

trace the intensity of the paleo-winter monsoon. 

2006040205 

印尼东加里曼丹岸外混合硅质岩 - 碳酸盐岩大 

陆架深部透光带大型底栖有孔虫 = Large benthic 

foraminifera from the deep photic zone of a 

mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shelf off East Kalimantan, 

Indonesia. ( 英文 ). Renema W. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2006, 58(2): 73-82 1 图版 . 

Living large benthic foraminifera (LBF) were 

analyzed from three transects of boxcores taken 

on a shelf off the coast of East Kalimantan, just 

north of the Mankalihat Peninsula. The transects 

were located at different distances to the mouth 

of the Berau river. In 45 boxcores, of which 28 

contained living LBF, 20 species were recognised. 

They occurred in moderate to high density 

outside the pro-delta, i.e., outside the area with 

high clay and silt sedimentation. LBF characteristic 

of sandy substrates can be divided into two 

or possibly three assemblages, shallow (15–50 

m), deep (50–85 m) and possibly very deep 

(> 85 m). The latter is poorly developed in the 

study area. Few LBF were recorded in one of the 

three transects, possibly because of either sedi- 

56

ment instability or physical or chemical parameters 

of the sediment. Grain-size analysis of samples 

in the other transects indicates that LBF 

occurrence strongly modify the habitat. After 

colonisation, grain-size increases, creating more 

opportunities for other species and higher densities 

of LBF. 

2006040206 

北海盆地中白垩世 ( 巴列姆期 – 早阿尔布 

期 ) 浮游有孔虫 : 古生态学和古海洋学意义 

= Planktic foraminifera from the mid-Cretaceous 

(Barremian – Early Albian) of the North Sea 

Basin: Palaeoecological and palaeoceanographic 

implications. ( 英文 ). Rückheim S;Bornemann 

A;Mutterlose J. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 58(2): 83-102 

A marine Cretaceous succession (Barremian–Albian) 

of a cored borehole (BGS 81/40), 

located in the Central North Sea Basin, has been 

examined with respect to its planktic and benthic 

foraminiferal content, as well as for calcareous 

nannofossils. The distribution patterns of foraminifera 

and calcareous nannofossils allow for 

a two fold division of the investigated interval. 

(1) The Barremian – earliest Aptian interval, 

which reflects a marine, temporary restricted 

setting. This is indicated by sporadic occurrences 

of planktic foraminifera with very rare planispiral 

forms suggesting short-term connections of 

the Boreal and Tethyan Realms. The benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages indicate aerobic, 

sometimes dysaerobic bottom-water conditions. 

High abundances of nannoconids in the Barremian 

suggest enhanced stratification and/or 

warm, oligotrophic surface water. (2) The late 

Aptian–early Albian interval, which was characterised 

by an open-oceanic environment with 

cool and aerobic surface water conditions. 

Planktic foraminifera are more abundant and 

diverse than in the lower interval. Trochospiral 

hedbergellids dominate the foraminiferal assemblages. 

The episodic occurrences of planispiral, 

clavate and trochospiral-flattened planktic morphotypes 

indicate the existence of a seaway between 

the Boreal and the Tethyan Realms. 

Aerobic to dysaerobic bottom-water conditions 

are suggested by the composition of the benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages. High abundances of 

cool-water taxa within the calcareous nannofossil 

assemblages indicate a cooling trend across 

the latest Aptian and earliest Albian. 

2006040207 

阿拉伯海西部和南部有孔虫对东北季风的响 

应 = Foraminiferal response to the Northeast 

Monsoon in the western and southern Arabian 

Sea. ( 英文 ). Heinz P;Hemleben C. Marine 


Sediments from the western and southern part 

of the Arabian Sea were collected periodically in 

the spring intermonsoon between March and 

May 1997 and additionally at the end of the 

Northeast Monsoon in February 1998. Assemblages 

of Rose Bengal stained, living deep-sea 

benthic foraminifera, their densities, vertical 

distribution pattern, and diversity were analysed 

after the Northeast Monsoon and short-time 

changes were recorded. In the western Arabian 

Sea, foraminiferal numbers increased steadily 

between March and the beginning of May, especially 

in the smaller size classes (30–63 μm, 

63–125 μm). At the same time, the deepening 

of the foraminiferal living horizon, variable diversity 

and rapid variations between dominant 

foraminiferal communities were observed. We 

interpret these observations as the timedependent 

response of benthic foraminifera to 

enhanced organic carbon fluxes during and after 

the Northeast Monsoon. In the southern Arabian 

Sea, constant low foraminiferal abundances during 

time, no distinctive change in the vertical 

distribution, reduced diversity, and more stable 

foraminiferal communities were noticed, which 

indicates no or little influence of the Northeast 

Monsoon to benthic foraminifera in this region. 

2006040208 

印尼群岛附近海域浮游有孔虫的分布和生态 

= Distribution and ecology of planktonic foraminifera 

from the seas around the Indonesian 

Archipelago. ( 英文 ). Ding X;Bassinot 

F;Guichard F;Li Q Y;Fang N Q;Labeyrie L;Xin 

R C;Adisaputra M K;Hardjawidjaksana K. Marine 


Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in 50 

core-top samples from the western and southern 

areas of the Indonesian Archipelago and 29 core 

tops retrieved northwest of Australia were 

grouped using cluster analysis. These assemblages 

make it possible to sub-divide the studied 

area in five provinces: 1/ the Banda/Java region 

(I); 2/ the Timor region (II); 3/ the Java upwelling 

region (III); 4/ the Indian monsoon Sumatra 

region (IV), and 5/ the NW Australia margin 

region (V). The foraminiferal assemblage groups 

reflect differences in sea-surface temperature, 

salinity, thermocline depth, and nutrient supply 

between these five provinces. These differences 

are related to surface circulation patterns. The 

carbonate dissolution is rather intense compared 

to that in other areas of the eastern Indian Ocean. 

Within the studied area, the strongest dissolution 

occurs in samples from the Java upwelling region, 

with the lysocline level rising above 2800 

m. The increase in abundance of Globigerina 

bulloides at 10–8 ka BP in core SHI-9034 (the 

Java upwelling region) corresponds to the decrease 

in core SHI-9006 (the Banda/Java region) 

57

which indicates an intensification of upwelling 

in relation to a strengthened southeastern monsoon 

over the studied area. 

2006040209 

南大西洋南部晚白垩世底栖有孔虫稳定同位 

素组成 : 生物及环境影响 = Stable isotope 

composition of Late Cretaceous benthic foraminifera 

from the southern South Atlantic: 

Biological and environmental effects. ( 英文 ). 

Friedrich O;Schmiedl G;Erlenkeuser H. Marine 


The stable carbon and oxygen isotope composition 

of different benthic foraminiferal species 

of the latest Campanian and earliest Maastrichtian 

from Ocean Drilling Project Hole 690C 

(Weddell Sea, southern South Atlantic, 1800 m 

paleowater depth) have been investigated. The 

total range of measured isotope values of all 

samples exceeds 4‰ for δ 13 C and 1.1‰ for δ 

18 O. Carbon isotope values of proposed deep 

infaunal species are generally similar or only 

slightly lower when compared to proposed epifaunal 

to shallow infaunal species. Interspecific 

differences vary between samples probably reflecting 

temporal changes in organic carbon 

fluxes to the sea floor. Constantly lower δ 13 C 

values for Pullenia marssoni and Pullenia reussi 

suggest the deepest habitat for these species. The 

strong depletion of δ 13 C values by up to 3‰ 

within lenticulinids may be attributed to a deep 

infaunal microhabitat, strong vital effects, or 

different feeding strategy when compared to 

other species or modern lenticulinids. The mean 

δ 18 O values reveal a strong separation of epifaunal 

to shallow infaunal and deep infaunal 

species. Epifaunal to shallow infaunal species 

are characterized by low δ 18 O values, deep infaunal 

species by higher values. This result possibly 

reflects lower metabolic rates and longer 

life cycles of deep infaunal species or the operating 

of a pore water [CO 3 2− ] effect on the benthic 

foraminiferal stable isotopes. 

Pyramidina szajnochae shows an enrichment 

of oxygen isotopes with test size comprising a 

total of 0.6‰ between 250 and 1250 μm shell 

size. Although δ 13 C lacks a corresponding trend 

these data likely represent the presence of 

changes in metabolic rates during ontogenesis. 

These results demonstrate the general applicability 

of multi-species stable isotope measurements 

of pristine Cretaceous benthic foraminifera to 

reconstruct past microhabitats and to evaluate 

biological and environmental effects on the stable 

isotope composition. 

2006040210 

北印度洋深海循环变化引起晚上新世 - 更新世 

底栖有孔虫的绝灭 = Benthic foraminiferal 

extinctions linked to late Pliocene–Pleistocene 

deep-sea circulation changes in the northern Indian 

Ocean (ODP Sites 722 and 758). ( 英文 ). 

Kawagata S;Hayward B W;Gupta A K. Marine 


During the late Pliocene–middle Pleistocene, 

63 species of elongate, bathyal–upper abyssal 

benthic foraminifera (Extinction Group = Stilostomellidae, 

Pleurostomellidae, some 

Nodosariidae) declined in abundance and finally 

disappeared in the northern Indian Ocean (ODP 

Sites 722, 758), as part of the global extinction 

of at least 88 related species at this time. The 

detailed record of withdrawal of these species 

differs by depth and geography in the Indian 

Ocean. In northwest Indian Ocean Site 722 

(2045 m), the Extinction Group of 54 species 

comprised 2–15% of the benthic foraminiferal 

fauna in the earliest Pleistocene, but declined 

dramatically during the onset of the mid- 

Pleistocene Transition (MPT) at 1.2–1.1 Ma, 

with all but three species disappearing by the 

end of the MPT (0.6 Ma). In northeast Indian 

Ocean Site 758 (2925 m), the Extinction Group 

of 44 species comprised 1–5% of the benthic 

foraminiferal fauna at 3.3–2.6 Ma, but declined 

in abundance and diversity in three steps, at 2.5, 

1.7, and 1.2 Ma, with all but one species disappearing 

by the end of the MPT. At both sites 

there are strong positive correlations between the 

accumulation rate of the Extinction Group and 

proxies indicating low-oxygen conditions with a 

high organic carbon input. In both sites, there 

was a pulsed decline in Extinction Group abundance 

and species richness, especially in glacial 

periods, with some partial recoveries in interglacials. 

We infer that the glacial declines at the 

deeper Site 758 were a result of increased production 

of colder, well-ventilated Antarctic Bottom 

Water (AABW), particularly in the late 

Pliocene and during the MPT. The Extinction 

Group at shallower water depths (Site 722) were 

not impacted by the deeper water mass changes 

until the onset of the MPT, when cold, wellventilated 

Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate 

Water (GNAIW) production increased and may 

have spread into the Indian Ocean. Increased 

chemical ventilation at various water depths 

since late Pliocene, particularly in glacial periods, 

possibly in association with decreased or more 

fluctuating organic carbon flux, might be responsible 

for the pulsed global decline and extinction 

of this rather specialised group of benthic 

foraminifera. 

2006040211 

比斯开湾活底栖有孔虫稳定碳、氧同位素组 

成 : 微生境影响和季节变化 = Stable oxygen 

and carbon isotopes of live benthic foraminifera 

58

from the Bay of Biscay: Microhabitat impact and 

seasonal variability. ( 英文 ). Fontanier 

C;Mackensen A;Jorissen F J;Anschutz P;Licari 

L;Griveaud C. Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 

58(3): 159-183 

We determined the stable oxygen and carbon 

isotopic composition of live (Rose Bengal 

stained) benthic foraminifera (> 150 μm size 

fraction) of seven taxa sampled along a 

downslope transect between 140 to 2000 m water 

depth in the Bay of Biscay. At the five stations, 

Hoeglundina elegans, Cibicidoides pachydermus, 

Uvigerina peregrina, Uvigerina 

mediterranea preferentially occupy shallow infaunal 

niches, whereas Melonis barleeanus and 

Uvigerina elongatastriata occupy an intermediate 

infaunal microhabitat, and Globobulimina 

spp. live in a deep infaunal niche close to the 

zero oxygen boundary. 

When compared with δ 18 O values of calcite 

formed in equilibrium with bottom waters, U. 

peregrina forms its test in close equilibrium with 

bottom water δ 18 O. All other foraminiferal taxa 

calcify with a constant offset to calculated equilibrium 

calcite. There is no systematic relationship 

between the foraminiferal microhabitat 

depth and the Δδ 18 O between foraminiferal 

and equilibrium calcite. We calculated correcting 

factors for the various taxa, which are 

needed for constructing multispecies-based oxygen 

isotope records in paleoceanographic studies 

of the study area. 

The δ 13 C values of foraminiferal taxa investigated 

in this study do neither record bottom 

water δ 13 C DIC in a 1 : 1 relationship nor with a 

constant offset, but appear to be mainly controlled 

by microhabitat effects. The increase of 

δ 13 C values of shallow infaunal taxa with increasing 

water depth reflects the decrease of the 

exported flux of organic carbon along the 

bathymetric transect and early diagenetic processes 

in the surface sediment. This is particularly 

the case for the shallow infaunal U. peregrina. 

The δ 13 C values of deep infaunal Globobulimina 

spp. are much less dependent on the exported 

organic matter flux. We suggest that the 

Δδ 13 C between U. peregrina and Globobulimina 

spp. can shed light on the various pathways 

of past degradation of organic detritus in 

the benthic environments. 

At a station in 550 m water depth, where periodic 

eutrophication of sediment surface niches 

was demonstrated previously, we performed a 

two-year seasonal survey of the isotopic composition 

of foraminiferal faunas. No marked seasonal 

changes of the stable carbon isotopic composition 

of shallow, intermediate and deep infaunal 

foraminiferal taxa were observed. Thus, 

the δ 13 C values of foraminiferal individuals 

belonging to the > 150 μm fraction may result 

from rather long-term calcification processes 

lasting for several weeks or months, which limit 

the impact of ephemeral 12 C enrichment of shallow 

infaunal niches on the isotope chemistry of 

adult individuals during eutrophic periods. Only 

highly opportunistic taxa reproducing or calcifying 

during phytoplankton bloom periods and the 

subsequent deposits of phytoplankton remains in 

the benthic environment may exhibit a particularly 

low δ 13 C, indicative of such short productive 

periods. 

2006040212 

海水碳酸根离子浓度对浮游有孔虫 

Globorotalia inflata 壳体稳定碳同位素组成 

的影响 = The influence of seawater carbonate 

ion concentration [CO32−] on the stable carbon 

isotope composition of the planktic foraminifera 

species Globorotalia inflata. ( 英文 ). Wilke 

I;Bickert T;Peeters F J C. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 58(4): 243-258 

We sampled the upper water column for living 

planktic foraminifera along the SW-African continental 

margin. The species Globorotalia inflata 

strongly dominates the foraminiferal assemblages 

with an overall relative abundance of 

70–90%. The shell δ 18 O and δ 13 C values of 

G. inflata were measured and compared to the 

predicted oxygen isotope equilibrium values (δ 

18 O eq ) and to the carbon isotope composition of 

the total dissolved inorganic carbon (δ 13 C DIC ) 

of seawater. The δ 18 O of G. inflata reflects the 

general gradient observed in the predicted δ 

18 O eq profile, while the δ 13 C of G. inflata shows 

almost no variation with depth and the reflection 

of the δ 13 C DIC in the foraminiferal shell seems 

to be covered by other effects. We found that 

offsets between δ 18 O shell and predicted δ 18 O eq 

in the surface mixed layer do not correlate to 

changes in seawater [CO 3 2− ]. 

To calculate an isotopic mass balance of depth 

integrated growth, we used the oxygen isotope 

composition of G. inflata to estimate the fraction 

of the total shell mass that is grown within each 

plankton tow depth interval of the upper 500 m 

of the water column. This approach allows us to 

calculate the Δδ 13 C interval added-DIC ; i.e. the isotopic 

composition of calcite that was grown 

within a given depth interval. Our results consistently 

show that the Δ δ 13 C IA-DIC correlates 

negatively with in situ measured [CO 3 2− ] of the 

ambient water. Using this approach, we found Δ 

δ 13 C IA-DIC /[CO 3 2− ] slopes for G. inflata in the 

large size fraction (250–355 μm) of − 0.013‰ 

to 0.015‰ (μmol kg − 1 ) − 1 and of − 0.013‰ to 

0.017‰ (μmol kg − 1 ) − 1 for the smaller speci- 

59

mens (150–250 μm). These slopes are in the 

range of those found for other non-symbiotic 

species, such as Globigerina bulloides, from 

laboratory culture experiments. Since the Δδ 

13 C IA-DIC /[CO 3 2− ] slopes from our field data are 

nearly identical to the slopes established from 

laboratory culture experiments we assume that 

the influence of other effects, such as temperature, 

are negligibly small. If we correct the δ 13 C 

values of G. inflata for a carbonate ion effect, 

the δ 13 C shell and δ 13 C DIC are correlated with an 

average offset of 2.11. 

2006040213 

西班牙南部 Fuente 火山口始新统 - 渐新统界 

线过渡层有孔虫的更替 : 陨石冲击与绝灭的 

非因果关系 = Foraminiferal turnover across the 

Eocene–Oligocene transition at Fuente Caldera, 

southern Spain: No cause–effect relationship 

between meteorite impacts and extinctions. ( 英 

文 ). Molina E;Gonzalvo C;Ortiz S;Cruz L E. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2006, 58(4): 270- 

286 2 图版 . 

We studied planktic and small benthic foraminifera 

from the Fuente Caldera section, 

southern Spain, across the Eocene–Oligocene 

transition. Benthic foraminifera indicate lower 

bathyal depths for the late Eocene and earliest 

Oligocene. Detailed high-resolution sampling 

and biostratigraphical data allowed us to date 

precisely layers with evidence for meteorite impact 

(Ni-rich spinel), which occur in the lower 

part of the planktic foraminiferal Globigerapsis 

index Biozone and in the middle part of the 

small benthic foraminiferal Cibicidoides truncanus 

(BB4) Biozone (middle Priabonian, late 

Eocene). Major turnovers of foraminifera occur 

at the Eocene/Oligocene boundary, only. The 

impact did not occur at a time of planktic or benthic 

foraminiferal extinction events, and the late 

Eocene meteorite impacts did thus not cause 

extinction of foraminifera. The most plausible 

cause of the Eocene/Oligocene boundary extinctions 

is the significant cooling, which generated 

glaciation in Antarctica and eliminated most of 

the warm and surface-dwelling foraminifera. 

2006040214 

西伊比利亚边缘塔霍河前三角洲 2000 年来气 

候变化 : 底栖有孔虫和稳定同位素 = Climate 

variability during the last 2000 years in the Tagus 

Prodelta, western Iberian Margin: Benthic 

foraminifera and stable isotopes. ( 英文 ). Bartels- 

J ó nsd ó ttir H B;Knudsen K L;Abrantes 

F;Lebreiro S;Eiríksson J. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(2): 83-103 

A high resolution sedimentary sequence recovered 

in the Tagus Prodelta has been studied 

in order to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions 

on the western Iberian Margin, Portugal, 

through the last ca. 2000 years, including the 

historical time when anthropogenic influence 

became significant. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages 

as well as stable isotopic composition 

of the benthic foraminifera Uvigerina sp. were 

investigated. Considerable environmental fluctuations 

are indicated by all these proxies. Between 

AD 400 and 1400 (1550–550 cal year 

BP), during a period including the Medieval 

Warm Period, bottom water temperatures, as 

reconstructed from Uvigerina sp., were high, 

13.3 °C. In this time interval, species typical 

for shelf environments (Cassidulina laevigata, 

Nonion asterizans and Hyalinea balthica) maintained 

a high abundance along with opportunistic 

species like Bolivina dilatata and Bolivina 

pacifica, the most abundant species in the record. 

A faunal change occurred at around AD 1300– 

1400 (650–550 cal year BP), at the beginning 

of the Little Ice Age. After this, the environment 

became more variable in the Tagus Prodelta, as 

reflected by a decrease in faunal diversity and 

benthic foraminiferal composition and flux values. 

After about AD 1800 (150 cal year BP), 

bottom water temperatures rose to maximum 

values of the record. The disappearance of certain 

benthic taxa and the appearance of the species 

Saidovina karreriana indicate a change in 

bottom water conditions during the last 100 

years, possibly induced by anthropogenic pollution. 

2006040215 

智利峡湾底栖有孔虫的分布 : 南纬 47° 至南 

纬 54° = Benthic foraminiferal distributions in 

Chilean fjords: 47°S to 54°S. ( 英文 ). Hromic 

T;Ishman S;Silva N. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(2): 115-134 1 图版 . 

Surface sediment samples collected from the 

fjord region of southern Chile (47° to 54° 

South) were analyzed for benthic foraminifera. 

A total of 175 species were identified including 

agglutinated and calcareous benthic taxa. Hierarchical 

cluster analysis of the foraminiferal data 

resulted in the recognition of three distinct biofacies: 

inner-fjord, intermediate fjord and channel, 

and oceanic biofacies, geographically controlled 

by relative position between the Pacific 

Ocean and fjord heads. Similarity percentage 

(SIMPER) analysis identified key taxa in the 

definition of the biofacies that include Globocassidulina 

rossensis, Cassidulina laevigata and 

Bulimina notovata. Principal components analysis 

resulted in two principal components representing 

sediment size, and bottom water temperature 

and salinity. 

60

Regional distributions are strongly controlled 

by the oceanographic conditions influenced from 

the Pacific in the west and the glacial/freshwater 

input from the east. Localized distributions of 

foraminifera are controlled by conditions influenced 

by the physiography of the individual 

fjords and channels. The distribution of Chilean 

fjord foraminifera and their environmental associations 

are consistent with results from other 

temperate to high latitude fjord foraminiferal 

studies. 

2006040216 

白令海绿带地区表层沉积物中的多孔放射虫 

及其重建古环境的生态意义 = Polycystine 

radiolarians in surface sediments from the Bering 

Sea Green Belt area and their ecological implication 

for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. 

( 英文 ). Wang Rujian;Xiao Wenshen;Li 

Qianyu;Chen Ronghua. Marine Micropaleontology, 

2006, 59(3-4): 135-152 1 图版 . 

Radiolarians in surface sediments along transects 

from the shelf edge, along the slope into 

the deep basin of the northern Bering Sea are 

dominated by Stylochlamydium venustum, Antarctissa? 

sp. 1, the Spongodiscidae (juvenile), 

Pseudodictyophimus gracilipes, Ceratospyris 

borealis, the Plagoniidae (Phormacantha group 

and Plectacantha group), Siphocampe arachnea, 

Cycladophora davisiana and Spongotrochus 

glacialis. This dominance is most extreme on the 

shelf edge and slope, where S. venustum, Antarctissa? 

sp. 1, the Spongodiscidae (juvenile), the 

Plagoniidae and S. glacialis have their highest 

relative abundance. There is thus a close relation 

between radiolarian distribution and the high 

productivity of the “Bering Sea Green Belt” 

(BSGB) due to periodic sea ice melt. The radiolarian 

depth distribution patterns indicate that 

some radiolarian species have specific ecological 

preferences. S. venustum, the Spongodiscidae 

(juvenile), and S. glacialis live close to the surface 

water under relatively low-temperature and 

low-salinity conditions due to sea ice melting or 

melt water influx. Antarctissa? sp. 1 appears to 

dwell mainly in surface to subsurface waters, but 

has not been recorded in trap samples of the Bering 

Sea. The Plagoniidae probably live in subsurface 

and intermediate waters. S. arachnea and 

C. davisiana are intermediate to deep dwellers. 

The close association of these radiolarians with 

the BSGB and specific water depths provides a 

valuable reference for paleoenvironmental reconstruction 

in the region. 

2006040217 

印度洋中部盆地 DSDP238 钻位 1.9Myr 以来 

古海洋学变化 : 以底栖有孔虫为环境代用指 

标 = Paleoceanographic changes during the past 

1.9 Myr at DSDP Site 238, Central Indian Ocean 

Basin: Benthic foraminiferal proxies. ( 英文 ). 

Gupta A K;Sarkar S;Mukherjee B. Marine 


Deep-sea benthic foraminifera have been 

quantitatively analyzed in samples (> 125 μm 

size fraction) from Ocean Drilling Program 

(ODP) Site 238, to understand paleoceanographic 

changes in the Central Indian Basin 

over the past 1.9 Myr. Factor and cluster analyses 

of the 25 highest-ranked species made it possible 

to identify five biofacies, characterizing 

distinct deep-sea environmental settings. The 

environmental interpretation of each biofacies is 

based on the ecology of recent deep-sea benthic 

foraminifera. The benthic faunal record indicates 

fluctuating deep-sea conditions in environmental 

parameters including oxygenation, surface productivity 

and organic food supply. These 

changes appear to be linked to Indian summer 

monsoon variability, the main climatic feature of 

the Indian Ocean region. The benthic assemblages 

show a major shift at 0.7 to 0.6 Ma, 

marked by major turnovers in the relative abundances 

of species, coinciding with an increased 

amplitude of glacial cycles. These cycles appear 

to have influenced low latitude monsoonal climate 

as well as deep-sea conditions in the Central 

Indian Ocean Basin. 

2006040218 

新西兰盐沼中有孔虫可用于指示海平面变化 

= Foraminifera in a New Zealand salt marsh and 

their suitability as sea-level indicators. ( 英文 ). 

Southall K E;Gehrels R;Hayward B W. Marine 


Vertical distributions of live and dead foraminiferal 

abundances are investigated in a salt 

marsh at Pounawea in southeastern New Zealand 

for potential use in Holocene sea-level reconstructions. 

Statistical analyses are conducted to 

determine whether dead foraminiferal abundances 

can be utilised as a proxy for elevation in 

southeastern New Zealand. It is concluded that 

dead salt-marsh foraminifera, which can predict 

elevations to within ± 5 cm or better, are precise 

sea-level proxies. Holocene sea-level reconstructions 

along the tectonically stable Catlins 

Coast based on fossil salt-marsh foraminifera 

can therefore serve as a potential baseline tool to 

estimate relative vertical tectonic displacement 

along tectonically active coasts in New Zealand. 

2006040219 

再评早白垩世浮游有孔虫 Praehedbergellidae 

科系统发育 = Re-evaluation of the phylogeny 

of Early Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera 

(Praehedbergellidae). ( 英文 ). BouDagher-Fadel 

61

M K. Cretaceous Research, 1996, 17(6): 767- 

771 

Tunisia, Ukraine, Russia, the North Sea area 

and elsewhere have yielded knowledge that the 

Early Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera are 

predominantly members of the Praehedbergellidae. 

The taxonomy and phylogeny of this family 

have been revised and refined. New generic and 

specific taxa have been proposed, new phylogenetic 

lineages have been described, and many 

type specimens have been imaged by scanning 

electron microscopy for the first time. Gorbachikella(Hauterivian–Early 

Aptian) gave rise to 

Praehedbergella(Late Hauterivian – Late Aptian), 

evolving Blefuscuiana, Lilliputianella, and 

the planospiral Blowiellain the Barremian. The 

last gave rise to Globigerinelloides in the Aptian, 

from which the macroperforate Alanlordella 

(and its descendant Planomalina) evolved in the 

Albian. Blowiellawas ancestral to taxa with radially 

elongated chambers (Claviblowiella, Leupoldina, 

Schackoina). 

2006040220 

波兰喀尔巴阡山外复理层带下始新统放射虫 

属 Buryella 种的多变量识别 = Multivariate 

discrimination of Buryella species from the 

Lower Eocene of the Outer Flysch Carpathians, 

Poland. ( 英文 ). Bak M;Barwicz-Piskorz W. 

Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 25(1): 45- 

54 

Variegated shales in the Lower Eocene 

hemipelagic deposits of the Subsilesian Series, 

Polish part of the Western Carpathians, have 

yielded rich radiolarians with common representatives 

of the genus Buryella. Two new radiolarian 

species, Buryella spina sp. nov. and Buryella 

hannae sp. nov., are described, and two other 

species have been recognized: Buryella tetradica 

Foreman and Buryella clinata Foreman. Specimens 

have been measured, grouped and interpreted 

using cluster analysis, principal component 

analysis (PCA) and canonical variates 

analysis (CVA). Species attributed to Buryella 

have three or four segments, a fusiform or lobate 

outline, and a constricted, rather than flared, 

aperture. The cephalis always possesses an apical 

horn of varying length with a distinct vertical 

pore at the collar stricture. All specimens possess 

a pronounced vertical tube, rounded or 

elongate, that might extend to the base of apical 

horn. Near the base of the cephalis the parallel 

ridges observed on the external wall of the 

cephalis are ridges from the horn that diverge 

and extend to the collar stricture except ventrally, 

where two ridges rejoin to enclose the vertical 

pore and form an upwardly directed tube. These 

structure might be evidence of the presence of 

arches (A-Vbl, A-Vbr) and bars (Vbl, Vbr), 

which form the vertical tube. 

2006040221 

南极古近纪 prunoid 类放射虫新种 = New 

species of prunoid radiolarians from the Antarctic 

Neogene. ( 英文 ). Lazarus D; Faust K; Popova-Goll 

I. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2006, 24(2): 97-121 

Radiolarians with 'prunoid' morphologies 

(here defined as spurnellarians with distinct external, 

generally ellipsoidal shells, usually bearing 

a pylome and having a lithelid, pylonid or 

spongy internal structure) are very common in 

polar Neogene sediments. Use of these taxa 

would improve resolution in Antarctic Neogene 

biostratigraphic and palaeoceanographic studies 

significantly, but the taxonomy of prunoids is 

poorly known. This paper reviews the existing 

literature of generic names commonly used for 

prunoids, mostly dating from the nineteenth century. 

With the exception of Larcopyle Dreyer 

1889, these names are either assigned to other, 

non-prunoid groups or are considered to be 

nomina dubia. Fourteen species, subspecies or 

varieties - most of them new - of Larcopyle from 

Antarctic Neogene sediments are described, illustrated 

with full plates and stratigraphic range 

data are provided: L. augusti n. sp., L. buetschlii 

Dreyer, 1889, L. eccentricum n. sp., L. hayesi 

Chen, 1975 hayesi n. variety, L. h. irregularis n. 

variety, L. labryinthusa n. sp., L. nebulum n. sp., 

L. peregrinator n. sp., L. polyacantha (Campbell 

& Clark 1944) n. comb. polyacantha n. subsp., L. 

p. titan n. subsp., L. p. aniplissima n. subsp., L. 

titan (Campbell & Clark, 1944) n. comb., L. 

pylomaticus (Riedel, 1958) n. comb. and L. weddellium 

n. sp. 

2006040222 

牙买加晚麦斯特里希特期大有孔虫生物地层 

学及晚麦斯特里希特期标准化石 Chubbina 

的重要性 = Biostratigraphy of Late Maastrichtian 

larger foraminifers in Jamaica and the 

importance of Chubbina as a Late Maastrichtian 

index fossil. ( 英文 ). Mitchell S F. Journal of 

Micropalaeontology, 2006, 24(2): 123-130 

The succession of larger foraminifers from the 

White Rock River Bridge section of the Guinea 

Corn Formation (Late Maastrichtian) in Jamaica, 

West Indies, contains: Sulcoperculina dickersoni 

(Palmer), Ayalaina rutteni (Palmer), Orbitoides 

cf. megaloformis Papp & Kupper, Vaughania 

cubensis Palmer and Chubbina cardenasensis 

(Barker & Grimsdale). A. rutteni occurs in the 

lower beds and C cardenasensis occurs in the 

upper beds. The orbitoid foraminifer Or. cf. 

megaloformis is restricted to the middle beds. 

The White Rock River Bridge Section can be 

correlated to the standard Guinea Corn successions 

using lithological/biostratigraphic markets 

62

and rudist marker beds, and linked ages derived 

from Sr-isotope values. This indicates that Or. cf. 

megaloformis occurs in the last 1.3 Ma of the 

Cretaceous in the Caribbean and that its evolution 

was retrograde compared to coeval populations 

in Europe. The first appearance of Chubbina 

represents a valuable datum since the genus 

occurs in various different biofacies (both with 

and without orbitoid foraminifers) and allows 

correlation in the Caribbean, Central America 

and Florida. 

2006040223 

爱尔兰东南部晚 Asbian 至 Brigantian 期 ( 密 

西西比亚纪 ) 有孔虫及其与英格兰北部有孔 

虫组合的对比 = Late Asbian to Brigantian 

(Mississippian) foraminifera from southeast Ireland: 

comparison with northern England assemblages. 

( 英文 ). Somerville I D; Cozar P. Journal 

of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 24(2): 131-144 

Foraminiferal assemblages from platform carbonates 

in the Carlow district (SE Ireland) are 

analysed. This platform contains a nearcontinuous 

succession of Upper Asbian to lower 

Upper Brigantian strata. Detailed sampling of 

several quarry and borehole sections allows 

characterization of foraminiferal assemblages 

throughout the succession. Assemblages typifying 

the Late Asbian, Early Brigantian and Late 

Brigantian are described, with the most common 

genera and species, as well as the guides for the 

recognition of these substages. In addition, three 

successive faunal events are recognized within 

the Early Brigantian. A comparison with northern 

England foraminiferal assemblages from the 

Asbian and Brigantian stratotype sections shows 

a great similarity in the recorded taxa. Furthermore, 

these taxa have closely comparable stratigraphical 

ranges, demonstrating the biostratigraphic 

utility of these foraminifera throughout 

Ireland and Britain. Taxa proposed here as 

guides for the basal Brigantian are potentially an 

alternative to the previously published taxa 

(which are either unrecorded. or recorded at 

higher stratigraphic levels in the Brigantian). 

2006040224 

鉴定单房室透明壳有孔虫的一种方法 = A key 

to the unilocular hyaline Foraminifera. ( 英文 ). 

Revets S A. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2006, 24(part 2): 145-158 

The paper is an attempt to apply best taxonomic 

practice to a well delimited group of Foraminifera: 

the lagenids. Analysis results in the 

recognition of 20 characters.. which are defined 

and described through an explicitly defined, consistent 

terminology. The database resulting from 

the scoring of characters of all the lagenid genera 

allows the construction of a set of identification 

keys and the production of a set of uniform, 

consistent diagnoses. 

2006040225 

日本中部 Aso-kai 泻湖底栖有孔虫 

Virgulinella fragilis 与近缺氧环境的对应关系 

= Correlation of Virgulinella fragilis Grindell & 

Collen (benthic foraminiferid) with near-anoxia 

in Aso-kai Lagoon, central Japan. ( 英文 ). Takata 

H; Seto K; Sakai S; Tanaka S; Takayasu K. 

Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 24(2): 

159-167 

The distribution of Virgulinella fragilis and 

the hydro-environment of Aso-kai Lagoon. central 

Japan, were studied to clarify the foraminifer's 

adaptation to low-oxygen conditions. 

The hypolimnion of the lagoon is oxygen-poor 

during much of the year. Two faunas (A and B) 

are recognized, based on cluster analysis. Cluster 

A fauna consists of species common in brackish 

lagoons, such as the genera Trochammina and 

Ammonia, and occurs in seasonally oxygenated 

waters. Virgulinella fragilis. the predominant 

species of Cluster B fauna, dominates the central 

part of the lagoon. This species can tolerate more 

severe oxygen deficiencies than the typical 

brackish foraminifers (e.g. Trochammina spp.) 

and can adapt to long periods of oxygen-poor 

condition!: in coastal lagoon environments, as 

well as in pelagic to hemi-pelagic settings. In 

order to survive in the near-anoxia of Aso-kai 

Lagoon, V. fragilis may have adapted to environments 

in which little reactive iron is available 

in the sediment, leaving pore-water and bottomwater 

sulphide available for symbionts, or may 

utilize sulphur denitrification processes. 

2006040226 

Brady 挑战号考察报告中图示的绝灭的有孔 

虫 = Extinct foraminifera figured in Brady's 

Challenger Report. ( 英文 ). Hayward B W; Kawagata 

S. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 

24(2): 171-175 

Brady's (1884) widely available monograph 

on foraminifera from the Challenger Expedition 

is generally assumed to illustrate hundreds of 

living species from modern seafloor sediment 

from around the world. This assumption may 

have contributed to the delay in recognizing the 

youngest extinction 'episode' in the deep sea, 

which occurred during the mid-Pleistocene Climate 

Transition. At least 18 of the species illustrated 

by Brady are part of the group of c. 70 

elongate, benthic foraminifera now known to 

have died out globally between 1.2 and 0.6 million 

years ago. The figured specimens were 

sampled from just seven stations that presuma- 

63

ly contain relict or reworked sediment, possibly 

mixed in with Holocene. The majority (14 species) 

come from two stations (191A, 192) off 

Kei Islands, Banda Sea, Indonesia. Station 192, 

from e. 250 m depth., is considerably shallower 

than the established fossil bathymetric ranges of 

the extinct species and therefore tectonic uplift is 

inferred. Additional pre-Holocene or even extinct 

species may also be among those illustrated 

by Brady, especially from the seven stations so 

far identified. 

2006040227 

澳大利亚西边缘下白垩统 ( 上阿普第阶 ) 放 

射虫黑色页岩为内浅海沉积的有孔虫证据 = 

Foraminiferal evidence for inner neritic deposition 

of Lower Cretaceous (Upper Aptian) radiolarian-rich 

black shales on the Western Australian 

margin. ( 英文 ). Haig D W. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2006, 24(part 1): 55-75 

Diverse foraminifera, Lingula-like brachiopods 

and the geological setting indicate that Aptian 

radiolarian-rich black shales forming the 

Windalia Radiolarite were deposited at water 

depths probably less than 40 m in the Southern 

Carnarvon Basin. Elsewhere in Australia, coeval 

radiolarian-rich deposits are widespread in other 

western-margin basins and in vast interior basins. 

The organic-rich mudstones containing the radiolaria 

include the foraminiferal Ammobaculites 

Association, a sparse benthic macrofauna 

and kerogens of mainly terrestrial plant origin. 

The deposits suggest that there was substantial 

high-nutrient freshwater input into the epeiric 

seas as well as high levels of dissolved silica 

resulting from marine flooding of a mature silicate-rich 

landscape bordered on the eastern and 

western continental margins by large volcanic 

provinces. The widespread presence of organicrich 

muds through the broad, shallow Southern 

Carnarvon Basin and through the coeval interior 

basins suggests that regional geomorphology 

controlled the distribution of eutrophic facies in 

the Australian Aptian rather than any global expansion 

of the oceanic oxygen minimum zone. 

The foraminiferal assemblage from the Windalia 

Radiolarite consists of calcareous hyaline benthic 

types (diverse Lagenida as well as abundant 

Lingulogavelinella, Epistomina and Coryphostoma) 

and organic-cemented agglutinated 

species (including common Ammobaculites 

humei, Haplophragmoides-Recurvoides spp., 

and Verneuilinoides howchini). Planktonic foraminifera 

are very rare and present only in the 

northern, more open part of the basin. 

2006040228 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚北部瓦尔德斯半岛钻孔古 

近纪有孔虫 = Paleogene foraminifera from the 

Peninsula Valdes borehole (PV.es-1), northern 

Patagonia, Argentina. ( 其他 ). Carames A; 

Malumian N; Nanez C. Ameghiniana, 2004, 

41(3): 461-474 

The PV. es-1 well bored the most complete Cenozoic 

marine sequence known from the northeastern 

Patagonian area. In order to clarify the 

stratigraphic position of calcareous Paleogene 

formations cropping out in the area, the study is 

focused on the biostratigraphy of the Paleogene 

foraminiferal assemblages, which are of very 

shallow environments and mostly devoid of 

planktic foraminifera. In the PV.es-1 borehole 

between 835-350 meters below surface the following 

succession of Paleogene assemblages is 

recognized: a) three assemblages in the Danian: 

a cosmopolitan, Midway-type assemblage, and 

two assemblages characterized, respectively, by 

Buliminella isabelleam and Boltovskoyella paleocenica, 

both endemic species. b) In the Oligocene, 

a lower assemblage dominated by Angulogerina, 

and an upper assemblage dominated by 

miliolids, both related to those known from the 

Elvira Formation (Colorado Basin), and the San 

Julian Formation (Austral Basin). c) The Spirosigmoilinella-Martinottiella 

assemblage, containing 

Transversigerina tenua, a guide species 

of the base of the patagonian transgression, and 

the Cribrorotalia hornibrooki assemblage; both 

assemblages are correlatable with the Gaiman 

and Monte Leon Formations, deposited by the 

patagonian transgression, of latest Oligocene to 

early Miocene age. The inexistence of Eocene 

assemblages suggests that the Valdes Basin was 

not covered by the middle Eocene transgression, 

as well as onshore San Jorge Basin. 

2006040229 

放射虫现代生态学的研究进展及其应用前 

景 — 利用放射虫化石揭示古海洋、古环境的 

基础研究 = Progress and prospect in research 

on living radiolaria ecology: A basic study of 

paleoenvironmental and paleoeanographic reconstructions. 

( 中文 ). 张兰兰 ; 陈木宏 ; 向荣 ; 张 

丽丽 . 地球科学进展 , 2006, 21(5): 474-481 

放射虫以其不易溶解的硅质壳体在古海 

洋、古环境研究中起着不可替代的作用 , 其 

种类组合与海洋物理、水文环境有着很好的 

对应关系。随着放射虫在古海洋环境研究中 

的广泛应用以及研究手段的改进 , 放射虫现 

代生态学研究在世界各大洋得到了广泛开 

展。中国加入综合大洋钻探计划 , 势必会加 

快我国古海洋学的研究步伐 , 放射虫作为海 

洋微体古生物中的一个重要类群 , 其生态学 

知识是重建古海洋、古环境的基础。因此 , 

有必要向我国学术界提供放射虫现代生态学 

的研究成果及最新发展趋势 , 促使我国放射 

64

虫的研究与国际接轨 , 以提供更多的古海 

洋、古环境替代性指标。 

2006040230 

青海南部杂多 — 治多一带发现早石炭世 

Eostaffella 动物群 = Early Carboniferous Eostaffella 

fauna in the Zhidoi-Zadoi area, southern 

Qinghai, China. ( 中文 ). 牛志军 ; 段其发 ; 王建雄 ; 

白云山 ; 涂兵 ; 卜建军 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(1-2): 

163-167 

在青海省南部治多一杂多一带 1:25 万区 

域地质填图中 , 于杂多群中首次发现筵类化 

石 2 属 13 种 ( 含未定种、比较种 )。生物群 

以个体较小的 Eostaffella 属为主 , 地质时代 

为早石炭世大塘期一德坞期 , 与华南、藏 

东、塔里木盆地、西秦岭、俄罗斯等地同期 

生物群可很好地对比 , 属于低纬度暖水型特 

提斯生物群。 

2006040231 

青海南部治多县扎河地区发现中二叠世放射 

虫化石 = Discovery of Middle Permian radiolarians 

in the Chaggur area, Zhidoi County, 

southern Qinghai, China. ( 中文 ). 段其发 ; 王建 

雄 ; 牛志军 ; 涂兵 ; 赵小明 ; 姚华舟 . 地质通 

报 , 2006, 25(1-2): 173-175 

在青海南部扎河地区通天河蛇绿混杂岩带 

( 东段 ) 中新发现一套泥质 - 硅质岩地层 , 为 

甘孜 - 理塘结合带西段的组成部分。首次在硅 

质岩中发现放射虫化石 Reudoalbaillella longtanensis 

Sheng et Wang,Cauletellidae gen. et 

sp. indet., Entactiniidae gen.et sp.indet., 地 

质时代为中二叠世。表明甘孜一理塘结合带 

西段中二叠世深水沉积盆地的存在。 

2006040232 

华南早 - 中二叠世蜓类分异度变化过程的对比 

研究 = Diversity changes of Early and Middle 

Permian fusulinacean fauna in South China. ( 中 

文 ). 杨湘宁 ; 史宇坤 ; 朱李鸣 ; 殷小龙 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(4): 517-524 

根据复合标准剖面的数据 , 对华南早 - 中二 

叠世蜓类动物群属种分异度的变化过程进行 

了研究 , 分析了早、中二叠世动物群属种首 

现及末现速率的差异。研究结果表明 , 蜓类 

动物群属级分异度经历了两次快速上升 , 一 

次明显下降 , 在早、中二叠世出现两个相对 

独立的高峰 , 但总体上表现出持续上升趋 

势 , 并在中二叠世中期达到最大。早二叠世 

期间属级分异度的短暂下降主要与蜓类动物 

本身的演化趋势有关 , 是动物群属级分类单 

元更替的结果。物种分异度在二叠纪初急剧 

增长 , 至早二叠世 Sakmarian 期已达到整个 

早 - 中二叠世的顶峰。早二叠世的动物群更替 

事件对物种分异度具有显著影响 , 并导致物 

种分异度随后总体呈下降趋势 , 中二叠世开 

始物种数虽有所上升 , 但始终未能恢复到早 

二叠世鼎盛时期的水平。早二叠世是蜓类动 

物稳定发展时期 , 动物群中属种首现的总数 

及速率明显大于中二叠世 , 属种更替也更为 

频繁。中二叠世中期开始 , 蜓类动物群属种 

分异度同时呈现急剧下降的趋势 , 但是 , 

早、中二叠世华南蜓类动物群中属种末现速 

率却并无明显差异 , 表明造成晚期古生代稳 

定生态系统崩溃的环境变化对蜓类动物的成 

种速率有较大的影响 , 持续的低成种速率是 

导致中二叠世蜓类动物属种分异度下降的内 

在因素。 

2006040233 

东海陆架西湖凹陷宝石一井深层微体化石及 

地层意义 = Microfossils and chronostratigraphy 

of the deep beds in the well Baoshi 1 # from 

Xihu Sag, the East China Sea. ( 中文 ). 顾惠荣 ; 

陈琳琳 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(4): 620-623 

简要报道东海陆架浙东坳陷西湖凹陷之宝 

石一井 T4° 地震反射层以下深部地层 ( 井深 3 

447 m 以下 ) 的古生物资料 , 并探讨其年代地 

层属性。经初步分析研究 , 这深部层位含有 

有孔虫、钙质超微化石、沟鞭藻和海相介形 

类等微体化石 , 以及见有尚不能判断是否为 

原位的孢粉化石。根据微体古生物的地质分 

布以及其它钻井深层所含微体古生物比较 , 

认为宝石一井 T4° 反射层以下地层为西湖凹 

陷揭示的一套新的地层 , 其年代属古新世。 

2006040234 

广东韶关仁化地区中二叠世孤峰组的放射虫 

动物群 = Radiolarians from the Middle Permian 

Kuhfeng Formation of the Renhua Area, 

Shaoguan, Guangdong Province. ( 中文 ). 王玉净 ; 

杨群 . 微体古生物学报 , 2003, 20(4): 333-341 1 

图版 . 

首次描述广东仁化地区中二叠世孤峰组放 

射虫 Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis-Ps. globosa 

动物群 6 属 11 种 ( 包括 3 个未定种 ), 它们 

分属于 1 目 5 科。这个动物群完全可以同苏 

皖南部孤峰组 Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis-Ps. 

longtanensis 带、广西钦州小董 - 板城地区板城 

组 Ps. globosa 带对比。本文还讨论了孤峰组 

的分布及孤峰阶参考剖面的选择问题。 

2006040235 

广西南部晚长兴期小型有孔虫及二叠系 - 三叠 

系界线讨论 = Smaller foraminifera from the 

late Changhsingian (latest Permian) of Southern 

Guangxi and discussion on the Permian-Triassic 

boundary. ( 中文 ). 尚庆华 ;D. 瓦夏德 ;M. 卡里杜 

65

瓦 . 微体古生物学报 , 2003, 20(4): 377-388 2 图 

版 . 

广西南部板董和柳桥地区晚长兴期台地及 

台地坳陷区沉积地层中发育两个不同的小型 

有孔虫动物群 , 它们与放射虫相伴生 , 呈实 

体化石形式保存 , 展示出该时期有孔虫外部 

和部分内部构造特征。晚古生代以实体状态 

保存的有孔虫比较少见 , 长兴期有孔虫的研 

究更是主要基于薄片鉴定。本文系统描述了 

两个实体有孔虫动物群 , 它们主要由 

Nodosarioidea 和 Cornuspiroidea 组成 , 多数是 

长兴期的常见分子 , 但同时也出现了中生代 

较繁盛的类型。与伴生的放射虫研究成果一 

致 , 这些中生代型有孔虫的发现指示了在古 

生代末一些分子穿过了二叠系 - 三叠系界线而 

没有受到大灭绝的影响。 

2006040236 

福建宁化晚石炭世有孔虫 Pseudoendothyra 

动物群的发现及其意义 = Discovery of the 

Late Carboniferous Pseudoendothyra fauna (Foraminifera) 

from Ninghua, Fujian Province and 

its Significance. ( 中文 ). 李建成 ; 洪祖寅 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2003, 20(4): 407-418 2 图版 . 

报道了福建宁化晚石炭世黄龙组下部白云 

岩石中的 Pseudoendothyra 动物群 , 共描述蜓 

类化石 1 属 21 种 , 包括 4 个未定种。该动物 

群壳体微小 , 一般为扁圆形及凸镜形 , 轴率 

小于 1, 旋壁四层式 , 化石保存尚好 , 且具 

排它性分布。该动物群的发现丰富了蜓类古 

生态学及其生物地层学研究领域的新资料。 

2006040237 

西南地区早 — 中二叠世蜓类复合标准序列的 

建立及初步研究 = A preliminary study of the 

composite standard sequence of the Early- 

Middle Permian fusulinaceans of SW China. ( 中 

文 ). 殷小龙 ; 杨湘宁 ; 朱李鸣 ; 史宇坤 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2003, 27(2): 150-158 

利用西南地区 10 条石炭系 — 二叠系剖面上 

的蜓类分布建立了该地区早 — 中二叠世蜓类 

复合标准序列 (CSS) , 总结了蜓类 68 属 632 种 

在该地区的分布延限。根据蜓类物种在复合 

标准序列上的分布规律 , 阐述了这一时期蜓类 

动物群物种分异度的变化过程。研究结果表 

明 , 西南地区蜓类物种分异度在早 — 中二叠世 

变化显著 , 共经历过三次快速增长时期 , 分别 

与假希瓦格蜓亚科、米斯蜓亚科及新希瓦格 

蜓科的辐射演化有关 ; 而物种分异度的两次大 

幅度下降则分别反映了早二叠世的动物群更 

替事件及中二叠世集群灭绝事件对本地区蜓 

类动物的影响。 

2006040238 

福建沙县船山组蜓类生物地层 —— 兼论石炭 

系 - 二叠系界线 = Biostratigraphy of the Chuanshan 

Formation of Shaxian in Fujian with comments 

on the Carboniferous-Permian boundary. 

( 中文 ). 李建成 ; 洪祖寅 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 

27(3): 185-192 

根据地层中蜓类化石的分布规律 , 福建沙 

县船山组地层自上而下可划分为 5 个化石 

带 :5 ) Eoparafusulinapararegularis 带 ,4 ) 

Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica 带 ,3) Zellia 

chengkungensis 带 ,2 ) Pseudoschwagerina 

miha-ranaensis 带和 1) Triticites shikhanensis 

compactus 带。通过与邻区及我国华南部分地 

区的对比 , 认为本区含第 2 至第 5 个蜓类化石 

带的船山组上部地层的地质时代应为早二叠 

世早期 , 石炭系 - 二叠系界线位于 

Pseudoschwagerina miharanaensis 带之底 . 

2006040239 

浙江省船山组的划分与对比 = Subdivision and 

correlation of the Chuanshan Formation in 

Zhejiang. ( 中文 ). 颜铁增 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 

27(4): 318-322 

桐庐沈村船山组深灰色灰岩 , 厚 126.35m, 与 

下伏地层黄龙组、上覆地层梁山组均为整合 

关系。船山组可划分为 3 个蜓化石带 , 上部为 

Eoparafusulina pseudosimplex 带 , 归属隆林阶 ; 

中部为 Sphaeroschwagerina subrotunda 带 , 归 

属紫松阶 ; 下部为 Triticites subcrassulus 带 , 归 

属逍遥阶。 

2006040240 

希腊克里特中部晚上新世伊拉克利翁盆地的 

底栖有孔虫组合 = Benthic Foraminifera assemblages 

from the Late Pliocene Iraklion Basin 

in Central Crete, Greece. ( 英文 ). Drinia H; 

Koskeridou E; Antonarakou A. Neues Jahrbuch 

fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / 

Abhandlungen, 2006, 239(3): 341-366 

The Atsipadhes section deposited during a 

period of marineregression related to the geodynamic 

regime in the evolution of Iraklion during 

the Pliocene. The application of the oxygen 

transfer function - based on the use of benthic 

foraminiferal taxa from oxyphilic habitats - to 

the benthic faunas of the Atsipadhes Section, 

showed that apart from the lower part of the section, 

no severe disturbances in oxygenation are 

recorded. In the deep part of the succession, 

oxygen depletions are recorded and interpreted 

as sapropel events, based on the dominance of 

certain opportunistic species. The distributional 

frequency pattern of the Lucinidae is in agreement 

with the oxygenation reconstruction based 

on benthic foraminifera. 

2006040241 

66

藏南萨迦县赛区 “ 混杂岩 ” 放射虫的发现及 

其意义 = Discovery of Cretaceous radiolarians 

in “ m é langes ” in Saiqu,Sa'gya,southern Tibet,and 

its geological significance. ( 中文 ). 李国 

彪 ; 万晓樵 ; 刘文灿 ; 梁定益 ; 周志广 . 地质通 

报 , 2003, 22(11-12): 949-955 1 图版 . 

在藏南萨迦县赛区北部发育一套滑塌混杂 

沉积。对于这套混杂沉积的时代及地层归属 , 

长期以来一直存有争议 , 主要原因是未能在其 

中获得足够的化石证据。本次工作在该套混 

杂岩中首次发现大量白垩纪放射虫化石 , 并建 

立 4 个放射虫组合 :1Holocryptocanium aff. 

barbui-Dictyomitraturris 组合 ;2Acanthocircus 

dicrancanthos-Thanarla pulchra 组合 ; 3 

Thanarla veneta-Pseudodictyomitra pseudomacrocephala 

组合 ; 4 Dictyomitra megnifica- 

Dictyomitra turritu 组合。赛区 “ 混杂岩 ” 无 

论是古生物还是岩性组合特征 , 均可以与相邻 

地区的宗卓组进行对比 , 从而确认该套 “ 混杂 

岩 ” 属上白垩统宗卓组而非三叠系 “ 修康 

群 ”。 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 

2006040242 

新疆南天山下泥盆统阿尔皮什麦布拉克组珊 

瑚及其地层意义 = Rugose corals from the Arpishmebulaq 

Formation (Early Devonian, 

Lochkovian) of South Tianshan in Xinjiang. ( 中 

文 ). 廖卫华 ; 弗朗西斯科 · 索托 . 古生物学 

报 , 2004, 43(3): 366-376 2 图版 . 

出露于新疆南天山东部的阿尔皮什麦布拉 

克组属于近岸、富氧、温暖的浅海沉积。该 

组自上一个世纪三十年代创建以来 , 有关它的 

地质时代归属一直存在着争论 , 作者根据珊瑚 

( 包括四射珊瑚、床板珊瑚和日射珊瑚 )、介形 

类和牙形类等门类化石的综合研究 , 主张将阿 

尔皮什麦布拉克组置于下泥盆统下部的洛赫 

柯夫阶。 

2006040243 

Novasalenia gen. nov.: 波希米亚白垩纪盆地 

( 捷克共和国 ) 一个新的晚塞诺曼期海胆 = 

Novasalenia gen. nov.: a remarkable Late 

Cenomanian echinoid from the Bohemian Cretaceous 

Basin (Czech Republic). ( 英文 ). Z í tt 

J;Geys J F. Cretaceous Research, 2003, 24(1): 

23-30 

A new saleniid echinoid, Novasalenia gen. 

nov., with the species N. predbojensis sp. nov. 

and N. plananyensis sp. nov., is described from 

rocky-coast deposits (Korycany Member, Peruc- 

Korycany Formation, boundary interval of Rotalipora 

cushmani and Praeactinocamax plenus 

biozones, Upper Cenomanian) of the Bohemian 

Cretaceous Basin. The genus is distinguished by 

the combination of all primary tubercles being 

perforate and crenulate, the presence of some 

diadematoid triads between prevailing diads of 

ambulacral plates above the ambitus, the development 

of up to four elemental compound plates 

below the ambitus, strongly broadened peristomial 

portions of the ambulacra with highly 

crowded pore pairs, hydropores being located in 

furrows at the distal margin of the madreporite, 

and perianal tubercles. Palaeoautecologic and 

taphonomic features of the tests combined with 

sedimentological data indicate the upper parts of 

steeply sloping rocks exposed to strongly agitated 

water as the probable habitat of Novasalenia. 

2006040244 

陕南早寒武世早期磷酸盐化 Punctatus 奇异 

星状口盘的发现及其形态功能分析 = Phosphatized 

star-like oral disc of punctatus and its 

functional morphology from early Early Cambrian 

of South Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 刘云焕 ; 李勇 ; 邵 

铁全 ; 朱志新 ; 张婉茜 ; 王焯 ; 杨为先 ; 李荣西 . 微 

体古生物学报 , 2006, 23(1): 62-69 

早寒武世最早期梅树村期处于 “ 寒武纪大 

爆发 ” 序幕阶段。在这一时期 , 生物类群发 

生了大规模辐射演化及其身体构型的快速革 

新 , 形成与前寒武纪生物群明显不同的生物 

组合面貌。最近在陕南宽川铺地区早寒武世 

早期灯影组宽川铺段地层中发现了数十枚呈 

三维立体精美保存的磷酸盐化奇异星状生物 

化石标本 , 通过形态功能分析及与其共生的 

Punctatus 的口盘类比表明 , 该奇异星状生物 

很可能属于腔肠动物 Punctatus 的口盘 , 星状 

体的中心为该生物的口部。而腔肠动物的出 

现标志着真后生动物的开始 , 在生物起源演 

化历程上占据着极其关键的位置。本文报道 

的奇异星状生物可能代表了初具原始触手的 

腔肠动物早期演化类型 , 为研究真后生动物 

起源演化、功能进化提供了新的实证材料。 

2006040245 

陕南早寒武世具口部的磷酸盐化 Punctatus 

及其胚胎化石 = Preliminary note on the phosphatized 

punctatus with mouthparts and its embryos 

from Lower Cambrian in Ningqiang, south 

Shaanxi, China. ( 中文 ). 刘云焕 ; 李勇 ; 邵铁全 ; 朱 

志新 ; 于波 ; 王焯 ; 张琬茜 ; 李荣西 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(2): 182-194 

报道陕西南部灯影组宽川铺段地层中发现 

的 Punctatus 锥体标本、保留精美软组织特征 

的口部标本和可能的胚胎标本。对 Punctatus 

软组织及整体形态功能研究表明 ,Punctatus 

在分类上可能更接近于腔肠动物的水螅型 , 

代表初具原始触手的腔肠动物早期演化类 

型。在上万枚与 Punctatus 共生的球状化石 

67

中 , 发现若干枚可能的原肠期胚胎及胚胎发 

育晚期标本 , 在此基础上提出 Punctatus 

emeiensis He,1980 花冠状口部可能经历的胚 

胎发育序列。 

2006040246 

桂西和黔南中三叠世珊瑚 = Middle Triassic 

corals from W. Guangxi and S. Guizhou. ( 中文 ). 

邓占球 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 32-51 3 图版 . 

文内描述中三叠世安尼阶 (Anisian) 珊瑚化 

石分别采自桂西田阳板纳组和黔南贵阳青岩 

青岩组。板纳组珊瑚群中建立 Pentasmilia 

guangxiensis gen.et sp.nov., 该新属种有 

5 条第一周期原生隔片甚至有 5 条第二周期后 

生隔片 , 以此不同于有 6 条第一周期原生隔 

片和有 6 条第二周期后生隔片的石珊瑚类 

(scleractinians) 的珊瑚。产于板纳组的另一 

新属种 Radiophyllia astylatus gen . et 

sp.nov., 其隔片的排列格式与前人归纳的 

隔片周期插入示意图甚似 , 但它却发生在中 

生代最早期 (Anisian) 珊瑚的骸体内。文中 

还对青岩组的 Pamiroseris silesiaca 作了重新 

描述。 

2006040247 

贵州独山与奥地利格拉茨中泥盆世 

Argutastrea 珊瑚群之对比 = Comparison of 

the Givetian rugose coral Argutastrea of Dushan 

(South China) and Graz (Austria). ( 中文 ). 

廖卫华 ;Bernhard H. 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 

52-59 2 图版 . 

锐星珊瑚 (Argutastrea) 是泥盆纪地层中 

常见的一种块状群体珊瑚 , 它在生物地层对 

比、生物地理区系划分以及古生态与古地理 

重建等方面都具有重要的意义。通过近年来 

对华南独山和奥地利格拉茨两地采集的 

Argutastrea 群体珊瑚标本进行比较深入的对 

比研究 , 确认两地存在着一些十分相似的属 

种 , 推断彼此之间当时可能海域相通 , 并同 

属于一个老世界生物地理大区 (Old World 

Realm)。此外 , 还讨论了该属与其相关的六 

方珊瑚 (Hexagonaria )、多角珊瑚 

(Prismatophyllum) 等属之间的异同。 

2006040248 

陕西宁强地区早寒武世磷酸盐化 Punctatus 

新材料 = New material of phosphatized Punctatus 

from Lower Cambrian in Ningqiang, South 

Shaanxi, China. ( 中文 ). 刘云焕 ; 李勇 ; 邵铁全 ; 于 

波 ; 李圆圆 ; 张琬茜 ; 武春英 ; 李荣西 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(1): 95-101 

描记在陕西南部宽川铺地区的灯影组宽川 

铺段的震旦 - 寒武系界线附近发现的具五辐对 

称特征磷酸盐化 Punctatus 新种 —Punctatus 

triangulicostalis sp . nov.( 三角隆脊瘤点 

壳 )。新种的锥体由 5 条放射状排列的锥脊 

组成 , 柱体由 5 纵列等间隔排列的三角隆脊 

组成 , 构成了完美的五辐对称生物体。同时 

描记的有 Punctatus emeiensis He,1980, 新 

种与它的显著区别是具有与锥顶 5 条放射脊 

相对应的 5 纵列三角隆脊。新种呈三维立体 

保存 , 暗示生物体内部已具有一定的硬化程 

度 , 而锥体表层及柱状体表面的三角隆脊为 

磷酸盐化软组织。形态功能分析表明 , 

Punctatus 在分类上可能更接近于腔肠动物的 

水螅型。 

2006040249 

黔南晚石炭世造礁珊瑚 Ivanovia 

cf.manchurica 古生态特征及成礁机制探讨 

= Palaeoecological characteristic of Ivanovia cf. 

manchurica coral and the reef mechanism of the 

Late-Carboniferous in the South of Guizhou 

Province. ( 中文 ). 关长庆 ; 巩恩普 ; 张永利 ; 孙宝 

亮 . 地质论评 , 2006, 52(2): 178-183 1 图版 . 

黔南晚石炭世生物礁造礁生物研究主要以藻 

类为主 , 如叶状藻、管孔藻等。近几年 , 随 

着研究的不断深入 , 我们又陆续发现一些新 

型的造礁生物。其中重要的一种造礁生物是 

Ivanovia cf.manchurwa 群体泡沫状珊瑚。通 

过野外观察和室内工作 , 我们认为 :Ivanovia 

cf.manchurica 是黔南晚石炭世的重要造礁 

生物 , 在晚石炭世地层中普遍发育 , 其古生 

态特征在不同环境中具有明显差异 , 生长方 

式明显不同 , 构成独特的生态类型。lvanovia 

cf.manchurica 主要有四种生长方式 : 覆盖 

式、缠绕式、包覆式和孤立分布式。其不同 

生长方式、古生态类型决定着是否成礁以及 

成礁方式和礁体规模。其中覆盖式、缠绕式 

两种生长类型多构成大小不一的礁体 , 而包 

覆式、孤立分布式生长类型则分布零散 , 成 

礁性不明显。Ivanovia cf.manchuria 礁体的 

发现和造礁生物研究 , 丰富了晚石炭世生物 

礁的类型 , 为 F/F 事件后石炭纪礁体重建提 

供了典型实例 , 有助于石炭纪礁体研究工作 

的深入开展。 

2006040250 

阿根廷丘布特省下二叠统放射状锥石类 = 

Radial conulariid clusters from the lower Permian 

of Chubut province, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Sabattini N; Hlebszevitsch J C. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(3): 399-404 

Monospecific, radial conulariid clusters have 

variously been interpreted as products of preferential 

larval settlement or as clonal colonies 

similar to colonial scyphopolyps originating 

68

from a mass of budding stolons. We here document 

five new monospecific clusters, three of 

them radial, from lower Permian deposits in the 

Tepuel-Genoa Basin of Chubut Province, Argentina. 

The clusters consist of from two to eight 

conulariids, and occur in concretions that were 

collected, in place, from strata in the Callitomaria 

tepuelensis-Streblochondria sp. and Euphemites 

chubutensis-Palaeoncilo aff. concentrica 

Zones. All of the conulariids belong to the 

genus Paraconularia Sinclair. None of the 

specimens preserves the apical region, and thus 

it cannot be determined whether they were connected 

to each other or to a stolon mass. Nevertheles, 

this occurrence would provide additional 

evidence for the hypothesis of a scyphozoan 

affinity for conulariids. 

2006040251 

热液对现在珊瑚礁同位素和痕量元素的影 

响 : 巴布亚新几内亚 Ambitle 岛 Tutum 湾叶 

状滨珊瑚的研究 = Hydrothermal effects on 

isotope and trace element records in modern reef 

corals: a study of porites lobata from Tutum Bay, 

Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea. ( 英文 ). 

Pichler T; Heikoop J M; Risk M J; Veizer J; 

Campbell I L. Palaios, 2000, 15(3): 225-234 

The coral reef in Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, 

Papua New Guinea, is exposed to the vigorous 

discharge of hydrothermal fluids (up to 98°C). 

This study investigates eight Porites lobata samples 

that were collected throughout the area of 

active venting at varying distances from vent 

sites. A sample from a "non-hydrothermal" coral 

(C-29), collected 10 km north of Tutum Bay, 

was analyzed for comparative purposes. 

Density banding is moderately well developed 

in these corals and subannual bands are common. 

For corals from Tutum Bay, 13 C ranges from – 

4.5 to –1.0 and 18 O from –6.0 to –3.8, which 

are relatively depleted values for shallow water 

Porites. The comparison sample, C-29, has 13 C 

values ranging from –1.8 to –0.5, and 18 O values 

of –5.4 to –4.6. Concentrations of As, Co, 

Cr, Ga, Ge, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, W, Y and Zr 

were always below their respective proton probe 

detection limits. Ba, Br, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn 

were detected in some samples. Sr was detected 

in all samples and concentrations ranged from 

6970 to 8240 ppm. Strontium isotope ratios of 

selected samples (C-5, C-8 and C-29) are very 

close to seawater, but Tutum Bay corals (C-5 

and C-8) have lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values than the 

"non-hydrothermal" sample (C-29). 

The observed isotope patterns indicate that the 

hydrothermal input into Tutum Bay influences 

the physico-chemical conditions in the surrounding 

coral reef. Tutum Bay Porites lobata show 

distinctly different 13 C and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr records 

when compared to the "non-hydrothermal" sample 

and other corals from Papua New Guinea and 

elsewhere. Direct and indirect synergistic effects, 

including temperature, isotopic and chemical 

composition of vent fluids and the influence of 

pCO 2 on the expression of photosynthetic and 

kinetic stable isotope fractionation factors, are 

the most likely explanation for the "hydrothermal" 

signal seen in these corals. The 18 O values 

are significantly correlated with the estimated 

amounts of hydrothermal exposure. 

2006040252 

黔北晚奥陶世和早志留世四射珊瑚新资料 = 

New information on Late Ordovician and Early 

Silurian rugose corals in northern Guizhou Province. 

( 中文 ). 何心一 ; 陈建强 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 

42(2): 174-188 3 图版 . 

报道黔北早志留志中期 (Middle Llandovery) 

地层中新发现的四射珊瑚 7 属 — 

Cantrillia,Neocantrillia, 

Prototryplasma,Pycnostylus, 

Dalmanophyllum?. Rhegmaphyllum, 

Schlotheimophyllum, 并描述产自黔 

东北石阡奥陶纪末期 (Late Ashgill) 观音桥层 

四射珊瑚 2 种 —Grewingkia cf.bilateralis 

Neuman,Brachyelasma cf. medioseptatum 

(Neuman) 及晚奥陶世 (Early Ashgill 期 ) 涧草 

沟组中首次发现的四射珊瑚 Crassilasma sp.。 

全文共描述四射珊瑚 13 属 18 种 , 其中 6 新 

种 , 它们是 Crassilasma fenggangense sp.nov., 

C. crebrumseptatum sp.nov., Dinophyllum insolitum 

sp.nov., Neocantrillia silurica sp. nov., 

Prototryplasma guizhouense sp.nov., Schlotheimophyllum 

regeneranum sp. nov.。 

2006040253 

贵州独山泥盆纪生物地层以及珊瑚的四次灭 

绝事件的研究 = Devonian biostratigraphy of 

Dushan, southern Guizhou and its coral extinction 

events. ( 中文 ). 廖卫华 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(3): 417-427 3 图版 . 

贵州省独山县县城附近的泥盆纪浅海相地 

层发育良好 , 底栖生物化石丰富 , 研究历史 

悠久 , 是我国南方浅海相泥盆系的标准剖面 

之一。文章从珊瑚化石的角度进行生物地层 

和群落生态的分析 , 并建立独山中、晚泥盆 

世 7 个珊瑚组合。文章最后还着重阐述独山 

泥盆纪珊瑚的 4 次灭绝事件 :1)mid-Eifelian 

event( 发生在龙洞水段之顶 );2)late-Givetian 

event( 发生在鸡窝寨段之顶 );3)F-Fevent( 发生 

在靠近尧梭组之底 );4)D-Cevent( 发生在革老 

河组之顶 )。其中 ,F-F 大灭绝事件对珊瑚群 

的影响最大。 

2006040254 

69

前寒武纪瓮安生物群具围卵腔结构的胚胎及 

其发育序列 = Early developmental eggs with 

perivitelline space from Precambrian Weng'an 

fauna, weng'an, central Guizhou (South China). 

( 中文 ). 迟慧梅 ; 陈均远 ; 李家维 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(3): 448-451 

通过对贵州瓮安新元古代陡山沱组瓮安微 

型球状化石 SEM 的观察 , 发现代表未分裂 

卵 , 和 2、4、8、16 不同分裂阶段的胚胎。 

这些未分裂的卵和处于不同发育阶段的胚胎 

化石不仅大小和卵壳表面装饰相同 , 而且它 

们均具明显的围卵腔和球形卵裂等特征 , 清 

楚表明这些卵和胚胎均为同一物种的产物。 

由于这些卵的表面装饰与现生某些甲壳类休 

眠卵极其相似 , 曾被解释为动物的休眠卵 ; 

当前不同卵裂阶段胚胎的发现表明它们不是 

休眠卵 , 而是处于发育过程的卵。围卵腔不 

仅是现生两侧对称动物早期胚胎的常见构 

造 , 而且具围卵腔构造的未分裂卵和不同卵 

裂阶段的胚胎化石在瓮安动物群也十分常 

见。除了以上具表面装饰胚胎化石的大量发 

现外 , 文中还报道围卵腔构造在表面光滑胚 

胎化石中的发现。这些具围卵腔结构的胚胎 

化石主要为两侧对称动物的胚胎。 

2006040255 

二叠纪特提斯再造中二叠纪有孔虫 Shanita- 

Hemigordius 动物群的古地理意义 = Paleogeographic 

implications of the Shanita- 

Hemigordius fauna (Permian foraminifer) in the 

reconstruction of Permian Tethys. ( 英文 ). Jin X 

C; Yang X N. Episodes, 2004, 27(4): 273-278 

The Permian foraminifer Shanita is a genus of 

special paleobiogeographic importance. Current 

data indicate that this genus occurs in peninsular 

Thailand, Shan States of Burma, western Yunnan 

and northwestern Tibet of China, south Pamir 

of Tajikistan, South Afghanistan, Kuh-e 

Gahkum area of Iran, Transcaucasus, Pinarbasi 

area of Turkey, and the Saiq Plateau of Oman. 

Studies also show that several species of Hemigordius 

usually coexist with Shanita, and form a 

peculiar Shanita-Hemigordius fauna. Localities 

of the Shanita-Hemigordius fauna that have been 

found hitherto are confined on Gondwanaderived 

blocks, which constitute a strip starting 

from peninsular Thailand and extending northwestwards 

and westwards to Turkey. This fauna 

is considered as another Permian palaeontological 

marker of marginal Gondwana environment. 

苔藓动物 

2006040256 

尼日利亚东北部晚塞诺曼期苔藓虫生物层 = 

A Late Cenomanian bryozoan biostrome from 

north-eastern Nigeria. ( 英文 ). Taylor P 

D;Zaborski P M. Cretaceous Research, 2002, 

23(2): 241-253 

Bryozoans are present in rock-forming abundance 

throughout a 30-cm thickness of the Late 

Cenomanian Pindiga Formation at its type locality 

in north-eastern Nigeria. In addition to representing 

a rare record of Cretaceous bryozoans 

from the African continent, the Pindiga bryozoan 

biostrome provides an exception to the general 

rule that post-Palaeozoic bryozoan-rich deposits 

formed only outside the palaeotropics. A single 

bryozoan species is present, the anascan 

cheilostomeHeteroconopeum janieresiense 

(Canu, 1897), originally described from the 

French Turonian. Colonies are preserved as 

para-authochthonous branch fragments derived 

from bushy colonies. The ancestrula and early 

budding pattern are described for the first time in 

this genus. Colonies are attached to, and are 

themselves encrusted by, small oysters. Unlike 

most cheilostomes, the malacostegan H. janieresiense 

probably had a long-lived, planktotrophic 

larva and was tolerant of variable salinities. 

These factors may explain its occurrence in the 

upper Benue Trough, an area of intermittent hyposalinity 

far distant from the main contemporaneous 

bryozoan populations. 

2006040257 

阿根廷恩特雷里奥斯省中新世巴拉那组苔藓 

虫 = Bryozoans from the Parana formation 

(Miocene), in Entre Rios Province, Argentina. 

( 英文 ). Muravchik M; Griffin M; Perez M. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(1): 3-12 

Six species of bryozoans from the Parana 

Formation are described herein. They were collected 

from the locality of Punta Gorda, close to 

the city of Diamante, in Entre Rios Province, 

Argentina. The specimens were found encrusting 

oyster shells in a bioclastic grainstone, representing 

a parautochtonous occurrence. The material 

described was referred to the following taxa: 

Acanthodesia cf. sulcata Canu (Membraniporidae), 

Microporella sp. (Microporellidae), 

Schizoporella sp. (Schizoporellidae), 

Schizoporellidae indet. and Schizosmittina sp. 

(Bitectiporidae), of the order Cheilostomata, and 

Tubulipora sp. (Tubuliporidae) of the order Cyclostomata. 

Of these, only the species included in 

Acanthodesia (but as Membranipora) had been 

previously described from the Parana Formation. 

Therefore, the list of known bryozoan genera 

from this unit is enlarged from one to six. The 

genus Schizosmittina, previously known only 

from the Miocene of France and the Miocene to 

Holocene of Australasia, is recorded for the first 

time in South America. 

2006040258 

70

加拿大北极地区东部 Labrador 海大陆斜坡表 

层沉积物中的富苔藓虫层 = Bryozoan-rich 

layers in surficial Labrador Slope sediments, 

eastern Canadian Arctic. ( 英文 ). Thomas F C; 

Hardy IA; Rashid H. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2003, 40(3): 337-350 

Layers rich in remains of a shallow-water 

bryozoan species, Idmidronea atlantica, have 

been found in Quaternary sediments in a piston 

core taken from 1085 in water depth in the Labrador 

Sea (59.700270degreesN, 

60.238370degreesW), tens of kilometres from 

the nearest possible source. These layers occur 

anomalously in pelagic-hemipelagic muds with 

abundant planktic and deep-water benthic foraminifera, 

and are thus not in sediments attributable 

to mud turbidite or debris flows. The 

bryozoan remains appear to be most common in 

intervals just below Heinrich events H1 and H2 

(similar to14 500 and similar to 20 600 C-14 

years BP, respectively). Two possible ice-related 

transport mechanisms are suggested to have 

been involved in the deposition of the bryozoan 

fragments. The first method involved the scouring 

action of loose pack ice and (or) bergs dislodging 

and mobilizing attached bryozoans in 

shallow water, where they could be subsequently 

entrained in currents and transported to deeper 

water. The second method may have occurred 

when attached colonies of these animals were 

frozen in place as winter ice formed in shallow 

water, to be carried out to deeper conditions 

while still encased in loose floes the subsequent 

spring-summer. 

2006040259 

阿根廷前科第耶拉中奥陶统苔藓虫 

Prasopora 属 = The genus Prasopora (Bryozoa) 

from the Middle Ordovician of the Argentine 

Precordillera. ( 英文 ). Carrera M G. 

Ameghiniana, 2003, 40(2): 197-203 

Abundant zoaria of the discoidal to moundshaped 

genus Prasopora are described from the 

Las Plantas and Las Aguaditas Formations in the 

Argentine Precordillera. Forty complete zoaria 

were collected from Middle Ordovician rocks, 

which include a graptolithic and conodont faunas 

belonging to the Nemagraphtus gracilis and 

Amorphognathus tvaerensis biozones respectively. 

The specimens occur in parautochtonous 

calcareous breccias (debris flow deposits) and 

autochthonous laminated mudstones and 

peloidal calcisiltites. Prasopora inhabited the 

external platform, the upper slope and probably 

the toe of slope, exhibiting high environmental 

tolerance. The genus attained a worldwide distribution 

by the Mid to Late Ordovician. Prasopora 

argentina n. sp. is described and figured 

and compared with the type species, P. grayae 

Nicholson and Etheridge from Scotland and P. 

discula (Coryell) from North America. 

腕足动物 

2006040260 

更名 — 以 Guizhoueugnathus 和 

Guizhoubrachysomus 分别代替 Guizhouella 

Liu,2003, 和 Brachysomus Liu,2003 = Changing 

names-Guizhoueugnathus, new name for 

Guizhouelia Liu, 2003 and Guizhoubrachysomus,new 

name for brachysomus Liu 2003. ( 中 

文 ). 刘冠邦 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 447-447 

最近 , 动物学记录 (Zoological Record) 的生 

产干事 J. K. Page 博士来信告知 Guizhouella 

和 Brachysomus( 刘冠邦等 , 2003) 两属名分别 

已被杨式溥 (1978) 在描述贵州下石炭统的腕 

足类和 Schoen herr(1823) 在描述鞘翅类昆虫 

时首先使用了。因此 , 作者建议以新属名 

Guizhoueugnathus 和 Guizhoubrachysomus 分 

别代替 Guizhouella Liu, 2003 和 Brachysomus 

Liu, 2003. 在此 , 对 Page 博士的提示深表谢 

意。 

2006040261 

匈牙利 Nungarian 自然历史博物馆中新世腕 

足类的修订 , 重点评述 MEZNERIC 采集的 

标本 = Revision of Miocene brachiopods of the 

Nungarian Natural History Museum, with special 

regard to the MEZNERIC collection. ( 英文 ). 

Bitner M A; Dulai A. Fragmenta Palaeontologica 

Hungarica, 2004, 22(): 69-82 

The MEZNERIC collection comprises 16 species. 

The hitherto undescribed collection contains 

7 species, Aphelesia sp., Terebratula sp. , T. 

macrescens, Gryphus miocaenicus, Argyrotheca 

cuneata, A. cordata, and Platidia anomioides. 

The species A. cuneata is reported for the first 

time from the Miocene of Hungary. 

2006040262 

华南下寒武统舌形贝类腕足动物的软组织保 

存 = Soft-tissue preservation in the Lower Cambrian 

linguloid brachiopod from South China. 

( 英文 ). Zhang Zhifei; Han Jian; Zhang Xingliang; 

Liu Jianni; Shu Degan. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2004, 49(2): 259-266 

Here we describe and interpret specimens of 

the brachiopod Lingulellotreta malongensis, 

from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstaette, 

one of the earliest known taxa of the 

Lingulellotretidae, in which lophophores and 

intact, U-shaped digestive tracts are extraordinarily 

well-preserved. The lophophore, with 

clearly preserved tentacles, corresponds to an 

early spirolophe developmental stage. The digestive 

tract consists of a mouth, esophagus, dis- 

71

tended stomach, intestine and an anterior anus, 

and differs from that of the Chengjiang obolid 

Lingulella chengdiangensis by the presence of 

the dilated stomach and by the absence of a 

looped intestine as in Lingula. In addition, the 

relative sizes of the mantle and visceral cavities 

of Lingulellotreta malongensis also are described. 

These fossils cemonstrate that by the 

Atdabanian brachiopods had already possessed 

advanced features, and suggest that a lophophore 

and a U-shaped intestine with an anterior anus 

are brachiopod plesiomorphies. 

2006040263 

中国早石炭世新的少见的微形石燕贝类腕足 

动物 = New bizarre micro-spiriferid brachiopod 

from the Early Carboniferous of China. ( 英文 ). 

Sun Yuanlin; Balinski A; Ma Xueping; Zhang 

Yubo. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2004, 

49(2): 267-274 

The verneuiliid brachipod Changshunella 

yangi gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Early 

Carboniferous Muhua Formation of Guizhou, 

China. This rather unusual form is characterized 

by having very small shell dimensions (2.6-4 

mm in length), a very high flat procline ventral 

interarea, and by having three prominent plications 

on both valves that are arranged in opposed 

folding; the last feature is characteristic for the 

family Verneuiliidae. We suggest that the family 

has been derived from an offshoot of the stock 

that produced the superfamilies Spiriferoidea, 

Paeckelmanelloidea, and Brachythyridoidea by 

developing opposed folding and loss of dental 

plates or dental adminicula as exemplified by 

Verneuilia and Changshunella gen. nov. 

2006040264 

高加索早 - 中侏罗世腕足类的多样性变化机制 

和普林斯巴 - 土阿幸期的集群灭绝 = Diversity 

dynamics of Early-Middle Jurassic brachiopods 

of Caucasus, and the Pliensbachian-Toarcian 

mass extinction. ( 英文 ). Ruban D A. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2004, 49(2): 275-282 

Taxonomic diversity of NW Caucasus 

brachiopods changed cyclically in the Early- 

Middle Jurassic. Diversifications took place in 

the Late Sinemurian-early Pliensbachian, Middle 

-Late Toarcian and Late Aalenian-Early Bajocian, 

While diversity decreases occured in Late 

Pliensbachian-Early Toarcian, Early Aalenian 

and Late Bajocian. Outstanding diversity decline 

in the Late Pliensbachian-Early Toarcian corresponds 

to a global mass extinction interval, 

whose peak has been documented in the Early 

Toarcian. Similar diversity changes of brachiopods 

are observed in other Tethyan regions, including 

the well-studied Bakony Mountains, 

although in NW Caucasus the recovery after 

demise have begun earlier. The causes of Pl-To 

mass extinction in the studied region are enigmatic. 

Probably, it could be linked to anoxia, but 

its correspondence to the beginning of transgression 

is not coicident with the global record, so 

eustatic causes seem to be doubtful for this region. 

2006040265 

Gargano Promontory( 意大利南部 ) 下白垩 

统 Peregrinella 新种 ( 腕足动物门 ) = New 

species of Peregrinella (Brachiopoda) from the 

Lower Cretaceous of the Gargano Promontory 

(southern Italy). ( 英文 ). Posenato R;Morsilli M. 


Two new Peregrinella species (P. garganica 

and P. fascicostellata) from the Lower Cretaceous 

Maiolica Formation of the Gargano Promontory 

(southern Italy) are proposed. The shells 

are allochthonous and occur in densely packed, 

gravity-displaced accumulations that are intercalated 

within pelagic sediments. Preliminary data 

on the palaeoecology and palaeoenvironment of 

the Peregrinella beds confirm the suggestion 

that these brachiopods were the dominant component 

of cold-seep assemblages. The occurrence 

of ‘Rhynchonella ’ peregrina (Buch) 

[junior synonym of Peregrinella multicarinata 

(Lamarck)], cited in the past literature on the 

area investigated, located NW of Mattinata, is 

not confirmed. The specimens collected present 

several features which are different from Lamarck's 

species: the majority of them have a 

more convex shell, alae clearly separated from 

the lateral regions, and large deltidial plates. 

These specimens are here classified as P. garganica 

sp. nov. Other specimens, all collected 

from a single exposure, are characterized by 

having several orders of ribs forming a fascicostellate 

ornamentation, particularly accentuated 

in the central part of the valve; they are attributed 

to P. fascicostellata sp. nov. 

2006040266 

海南岛白沙县金波早石炭世早期腕足动物群 

= Early Carboniferous brachiopods from Jinbo 

of Baisha County, Hainan Island. ( 中文 ). 廖卓 

庭 ; 张仁杰 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 153-174 6 

图版 . 

海南岛地区的石炭纪腕足动物 , 以往缺乏 

研究和描述。产于白沙县金波的早石炭世腕 

足动物化石群 , 经鉴定共有 22 属 ,30 种和未 

定种 , 其中 4 新种 ; 这是该岛迄今发现的最 

丰富、较可靠的早石炭世杜内期腕足动物 

群。在属种组合上 , 这个动物群以石燕贝目 

分子为优势组分 ; 在区系特征上 , 它与扬子 

区系有一定差别 , 而与北方生物地理区系有 

较多的相似性和可比性 ; 这个动物群的发 

72

现 , 为进一步探讨和解释海南岛早石炭世构 

造古地理格局及其演化提供了重要线索。文 

中还详细讨论了相关地层名称的取舍等问 

题。 

2006040267 

湖北宜昌陈家河下、中奥陶统大湾组腕足动 

物多样性演变 = Diversity change of brachiopods 

from the Dawan Formation (arenig,Lower 

to Middle Ordovician) at Chenjiahe, Yichang, 

western Hubei Province. ( 中文 ). 詹仁斌 ; 陈朋飞 . 

古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 21-31 

在对宜昌陈家河大湾组 ,(Arenig 期 ) 腕 

足动物化石进行逐层统计和详细研究的基础 

上 , 以笔石带为单位讨论腕足动物分类单元 

多样性的变化 , 发现该地区腕足动物属级分 

异度在 Corymbograptellus deflexus 带达到首 

次峰值 , 比上扬子区处于正常浅海底域地区 

( 如贵州桐梓、沿河一带 ) 的腕足动物宏演 

化趋势 ( 在 Didymograptellus eobifidus 带达到 

首次峰值 ) 晚了一个笔石带的时限 , 辐射主 

要缘于 Sinorthis 群落在本地区的出现和极度 

繁盛。华南早、中奥陶世腕足动物的辐射中 

心在相对近岸的上扬子区 ( 特别是处于正常 

浅海底域的贵州桐梓一带 )。 

2006040268 

贵州关岭新铺晚三叠世早期 (Carnian) 康尼 

克贝类腕足动物一新属 —Pseudokoninckina = 

Peudokoninckina, a new genus of koninckinoid 

brachiopods from Zhuganpo Formation of Late 

Triassic (Carnian) , Xinpu area, Guanling, 

Guizhou, Southwest China. ( 中文 ). 曾庆銮 . 古 

生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 69-76 1 图版 . 

Pseudokoninckina gen.nov. 归于康尼克贝 

类。模式种 Pseudokoninckina xinpuensis 

gen.et sp.nov. 的模式标本采自贵州关岭 

县城西南约 35km 新铺乡喇嘛村上三叠统下 

部 (Carnian) 竹杆坡组中部黑灰或黄灰色石 

灰岩。其贝体强烈膝曲 , 拖曳部长 ; 背壳极 

为深凹 , 侧坡高又陡峭 , 两侧区和拖曳部呈 

薄壳状 ; 两耳翼端强烈向背方膝曲 ; 背三角 

孔覆有背三角双板 , 但腹三角孔洞开。腹内 

两侧隔板极高又长 ; 腹中隔脊低宽 , 前部二 

分叉 , 后部三分叉。背内第三壳层厚 , 在背 

壳底两侧区隆起呈两条隆脊 ; 主突起高强。 

壳表饰有微弱同心线和毛发状放射纹。这些 

特征在康尼克贝类中是很独特的。 

2006040269 

腕足动物 Planovatirostrum Sartenaer,1970 

的古生态特征 = The Palaeoecological characters 

of the brachiopod genus Planovatirostrum 

Sartenaer, 1970. ( 中文 ). 陈秀琴 ; 廖卓庭 . 古生 

物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 77-82 

小嘴贝类腕足动物 Planovatirostrum 形态奇 

特 , 在我国 , 目前仅在新疆北部和布克赛尔 

蒙古族自治县和什托洛盖镇北 10 余公里处七 

里沟剖面洪古勒楞组中段底部层位中发现 , 

化石大致呈簇状密集或花斑状分布。经过对 

产 Planovatirostrum planoovale 岩性、岩相和 

生物相的综合分析得知 , 这段地层是一套深 

水相沉积 ,P.plnnoovale 生活在水体宁静、 

海水较深的软质基底上。 

2006040270 

中国西北部塔里木盆地泥盆纪 - 石炭纪腕足动 

物带 : 对生物地层和生物地理的意义 = Devonian-Carboniferous 

brachiopod zonation in 

the Tarim Basin, northwest China: implications 

for biostratigraphy and biogeography. ( 英文 ). 

Chen Zhong-qiang. Geological Journal, 2004, 

39(3/4): 431-458 

Fourteen brachiopod zones are recognized in 

the Upper Devonian and Carboniferous successions 

of the Tarim Basin, northwest China. Of 

these, the Trifidorostellum longhuiense Zone is 

established from the Famennian, the Eochoristites 

neipentaiensis Zone in the lower Tournaisian, 

the Chuiella aitegouensis Zone from the 

upper Tournaisian to lowest Visean; the Brochocarina 

kunlunensis, Rugosochonetes hardrensis, 

Buxtonia pseudoscabricula, Vitiliproductus 

groberi, and Datangia weiningensis zones from 

the Visean, the Gigantoproductus edelburgensis 

Zone from the Serpukhovian age, both Productus 

productus and Eomarginifera lata zones from 

the Bashkirian, both Choristites abnormalis and 

Purdonella artuxensis zones from the 

Moscovian, and the Linoproductus cora Zone 

from the Kasimovian-Gzhelian. The faunal characteristics 

and basin-wide distributions of these 

zones are discussed. Close comparisons of the 

Tarim brachiopod zones with faunas from other 

regions of China (South China, North China, 

Tienshan-Junggar, and Tibet), Thailand, Pakistan 

(Karakorum), Central Asia (Uzbekistan, 

Kazakhstan, and Afghanistan), and the Urals- 

Russian Platform suggest that the Tarim faunas 

were biogeographically closely related to the 

South Chinese faunas in the late Famennian- 

Tournaisian and appear to be of a mixture between 

South Chinese and Central Asian-Uralian 

faunas, with elements from West Europe, North 

America, Siberia, and Gondwanaland in the 

Visean-Serpukhovian. The Tarim brachiopods 

demonstrate stronger links with faunas of the 

Urals-Russian Platform and Central Asia and, to 

a lesser extent, with the South Chinese faunas 

throughout the Bashkirian to Gzhelian. 

73

2006040271 

阿根廷 Calingasta-Uspallata 次盆地 Cordon 

del Naranjo 地区石炭纪腕足动物及生物地层 

= Carboniferous brachiopods and biostratigraphy 

of the Cordon del Naranjo (Calingasta-Uspallata 

sub-basin), Argentina. ( 其他 ). Taboada A C. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(3): 405-422 

The brachiopods Gonzalezius naranjoensis 

gen. et sp. nov., Rugosochonetes pascualsolei sp, 

nov., and Syringothyris legrandblaini sp, nov. 

from the San Eduardo Formation (Section III) at 

the cordon del Naranjo are described and figured. 

A stratigraphic sequence previously referred to 

the Ansilta Formation (emend.) is described. 

Levels interpreted as Namurian in age, bearing 

the NBG flora and invertebrate fossils referred to 

the Levipustula fauna, are correlated to the glacial 

and postglacial deposits of the San Eduardo 

Formation, The Ansilta Formation sensu stricto 

(Westphalian-Stephanian?) is restricted to the 

sequence exposed at sierra de Ansilta together 

with outcrops on both flanks of the cordon del 

Naranjo syncline, and is regarded as mostly 

equivalent to the Pituil Formation. Epeirogenic 

movements (San Eduardica phase) during the 

early? Westphalian caused the intrabasinal expansion 

of depositional areas and an erosive or 

low angular disconformity between the 

glacimarine deposits with Levipustula fauna and 

the overlying transgressive marine sequence 

with the temperate late Westphalian Balakonia- 

Geniculifera fauna. The latter marks the setting 

up of an interglacial episode in the region and 

the beginning of successive marine transgressions 

in the basin that culminate in the early 

Permian. During the Asselian the temperate paleoclimatic 

conditions established since the 

Westphalian were interrupted by a transient glacial 

episode intercalated within the Costatumulus 

amosi biozone. This climatic fluctuation affected 

the "Pacific" basins of Argentina, reflecting a 

mitigated effect by the paleolatitudinal gradient 

to circumpolar glaciated areas. 

2006040272 

晚泥盆世腕足动物中国石燕 (Sinospirifer) 

之修订 = Revision of the Chinese Upper Devonian 

cyrtospiriferid brachiopod genus Sinospirifer 

Grabau, 1931. ( 中文 ). 马学平 ; 陈秀琴 ;J 

Day; 金玉玕 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(3): 367- 

381 2 图版 . 

通过对保存在南京地质古生物研究所的弓 

石燕类模式标本 ( 由葛利普最早研究 ) 的再研 

究 , 作者认为 , Sinospirifer Grabau,1931 仍 

是一个有效属。它与 Cyrtospirifer Nalivkin, 

1924 的主要区别在于腹壳后部强烈加厚、假 

三角板中央具有肉茎管以及在壳褶及褶间均 

发育微瘤 (whitneyi-subextensus 型的做细纹 

饰 )。Tien(1938) 指定 S .sllletlsls Grabau , 

1931 作为 Sinospirifer 的模式种 , 因为它与 

s.subextensus(Martelli,1902) 有着相同的形 

态构造 , 包括壳形、壳率、中槽壳线型式、 

中央肉茎管、傲细纹饰及内部构造等 , 所以 

S. Sinensis 应是 S.subextensus(Martelli,1902) 

的次同义名 ,Sinospirifer 的模式种应更改为 

S.subextensus。此外 ,S.archiaciformis,S 

wan- gleighi , S . vilis , S . subhayasakai , 

S . pellizzarii , S . pellizzariformis 和 

S.heterosinosus 几个种在外部及内部构造上 

也与 S.subextensus 相同 , 同样被视作为 

S.subextensus 的次同义名。葛利普文中所列 

举的所谓几个种之间的区分特征已住湖南中 

部同一地点同一层位所采集的同一样品的标 

本中观察到 , 它们仅仅是种内变异的现象。 

对于以往不同种的标本被归入同种的情况 , 

作者均作了修订 , 例如 ,S.vilis Grabau, 

1931 实际代表几个种标本的混合体 , 经修 

订 , 分别被归于 Sinospirifer subextensus , 

"Sinospirifer"hayasakai,Tenticospirifer supervilis 

等。S. subhayasakai Grabau,1931 仅限 

于止模为代表的特征 , 被归于 Sinospirifer 

subextensus, 而两个副模标本 (NIGP 2736 和 

2740) 则应归入 "Sinospirifer"fgortanioides Grabau,1931。 

2006040273 

川东南中奥陶统大沙坝组的腕足动物群 = 

Middle Ordovician brachiopod fauna of southern 

Upper Yangtze platform, SW China. ( 中文 ). 詹 

仁斌 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(4): 492-516 3 图版 . 

四川东南部长宁双河及其附近地区的中奥 

陶统上部大沙坝组以特殊的岩相和生物相有 

别于黔北的可比地层十字铺组和鄂西的牯牛 

潭组 , 地层中漂浮相化石 ( 笔石 ) 与底栖壳相化 

石 ( 如腕足动物和三叶虫 ) 多次交互出现 , 笔石 

动物属于上层下垂对笔石动物群 

(Didymograptus artus Fauna), 时代为中奥陶 

世 Darriwilian( 相当于 Arenig 最晚期至 

Llanvirn)。在所采集的 3 300 余枚化石标本中 

有近 90% 是腕足动物化石 , 经研究共鉴定出 

19 属 21 种 , 分属于 4 目 7 超科 15 科 , 正形 

贝目和扭月贝目分别有 8 属 , 占全部属群的 

84%。根据属的生物地理分布 , 该动物群中 

广布型分子 7 属、区域性分子 6 属 , 仅限于 

华南的土著性分子占总量的 31.6%, 显示 

出此期华南腕足动物群具有较强的地方性色 

彩 , 进一步证实中奥陶世海洋生物强分区性 

的推断。该腕足动物群宜称作 Saucrorthis- 

Glyptorthis 动物群。在统计分析的基础上 , 

识别出 Saucrorthis-Glyptorthis 群落 , 包括三 

个以腕足动物占优势的化石群集 

(association), 即 Glyptorthis? simplex 群集、 

74

Saucrorthis obscura 群集和 Calyptolepta 

chengkouensis 群集 , 并结合沉积岩石学以及 

其它共生化石门类进行群落生态分析 , 认为 

该群落所生活的环境以正常浅海砂泥质底域 

为主 ( 相当于 BA 2- 3)。与上扬子台地贵州遵 

义十字铺组和重庆城口厚坪组两个相近腕足 

动物群相比 , 长宁地区中奥陶世的 

Saucrorthis-Glyptorthis 动物群更接近于厚坪 

组所产者。与世界上其它一些同期且具相似 

生态位的动物群相比 , 除与哈萨克斯坦南部 

的同期动物群比较接近外 , 与澳大利亚、北 

美、英国等地的同期动物群几乎毫无联系 , 

指示华南中奥陶世腕足动物群可能代表一个 

独特的生物地理小区。 

2006040274 

阿根廷前科迪耶拉晚古生代腕足动物群的古 

生物地理亲缘关系 = Palaeobiogeographical 

affinities of the Argentine Precordilleran Late 

Palaeozoic brachiopod faunas. ( 英文 ). Cisterna 

G A; Archbold N W; Simanauskas T. Alcheringa, 

2006, 30(2): 251-262 

Precordilleran Late Palaeozoic brachiopod 

genera considered for this palaeobiogeographical 

analysis belong to four faunal associations: the 

low diversity Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian) 

Proloconites scalabrinii-Azurduya chavelensis 

Zone; the Late Carboniferous (Bashkirian- 

Moscovian) Levipustula fauna, which appears in 

sequences associated with glacial intervals; the 

latest Carboniferous-earliest Permian (Gzhelian- 

Asselian) Rhipidomella-Micraphelia and Tuberculatella-Aseptella, 

associations, and the Early 

Permian (mid to late Asselian) Tivertonia 

jachalensis-Streptorhynchus inaiequiornatus 

Biozone. The brachiopod affinities of the Precordillera 

are compared with the biogeographical 

Late Palaeozoic regions previously suggested by 

other authors using cluster analysis. During the 

Bashkirian-Moscovian, the Precordilleran faunas 

show a high affinity with the Austral Realm because 

of the presence of the Levipustula faunal 

elements in Eastern Australia. At the same time 

the affinity with the central and North American 

Regions is very low. The Early Permian Precordilleran 

faunas demonstrate highest affinity 

with the Gondwanan Realm with several genera 

also linked to the Tethyan and Boreal Realms. 

After the Late Carboniferous glacial episodes 

that affected the southwestern Gondwanan margin, 

the Precordilleran region underwent climatic 

amelioration. Subsequently, the Early Permian 

Precordilleran brachiopod assemblages are characterized 

by typical cool to cold water genera 

widely developed in the core Gondwanan Realm, 

with fewer genera (such as Kochiproductius, 

Rhynchopora and Neochonetes) suggesting a 

warmer water influence. The Precordilleran faunas 

demonstrate an increase in brachiopod diversity 

from the Carboniferous to the Permian, related 

to water temperature changes and to the 

palaeogeographical evolution of the southwestern 

Gondwanan margin and the movement of 

Gondwana across the South Pole. 

2006040275 

东北日本南北上带 (South Kitakami Belt) 

下石炭统的 Marginatia-Syringothyris-Rotaia 

腕足动物组合及它的古生物地理意义 = the 

Marginatia-Syringothyris-Rotaia brachiopod 

assemblage from the lower Carboniferous of the 

South Kitakami Belt, northeast Japan, and its 

palaeobiogeographical implications. ( 英文 ). Jun- 

Ichi Tazawa. Paleontological Research, 2006, 

10(2): 127-139 

Three brachiopod species, Marginatia 

burlingtonensis (Hall), Syringothyris transversa 

Minato and Rotaia hikoroichiensis sp. nov., are 

described from the Lower Carboniferous (Lower 

Visean) of the Shimoarisu, Yokota and Hikoroichi 

areas in the South Kitakami Belt (southern 

Kitakami Mountains), northeast Japan. The 

Marginatia-Syringothyris-Rotaia assemblage 

from the South Kitakami Belt indicates a palaeobiogeographical 

similarity between the South 

Kitakami Belt and the north Xinjiang-Inner 

Mongolia-Jilin region, i.e., the North China Province 

of S. Yang (1980) in Early Carboniferous 

time. Furthermore, the rugose corals Sugiyamaella, 

Yuanophyllum and Kueichouphyllum 

from the Lower Carboniferous (Upper Visean) of 

the South Kitakami Belt are strong evidence of a 

close connection between this region and the 

southern part of the North China Province, i.e., 

the Tianshan-Jilin Province of F. Yang (1994). 

These palaeobiogeographical data suggest that 

the South Kitakami region was the eastern extension 

of the Tianshan-Jilin Province, and located 

at the continental shelf bordering the eastern 

margin of North China (Sino-Korea) in the 

Early Carboniferous. 

软体动物 

2006040276 

东海表层沉积中的翼足类及其地质意义 = 

Pteropods in bottom sediments of the East China 

Sea and their geological implication. ( 中文 ). 赵 

泉鸿 . 微体古生物学报 , 2006, 23(1): 1-8 1 图版 . 

对东海 84 个表层沉积中翼足类进行了定量 

分析 , 共获得 7 属 15 种 , 其中 Limacina inflata 

在陆架外缘和上陆坡为优势 

种 , Limacina trochiformis, Creseis acicula 和 

Creseis virgula 在中一外陆架最为丰富。根据 

翼足类的深度分布确定东海现代文石补偿深 

度在约 600m 水深处。以冲绳海槽北部柱状 

75

样 B-3C-C 为例 , 说明翼足类是研究地质时期 

古海洋学变化的重要证据。 

2006040277 

阿曼 Saiwan 地区 (Sultanate 地区 Huqf 沙 

漠 ) 晚坎帕期菊石 = Late Campanian ammonites 

from the Saiwan area (Huqf Desert, Sultanate 

of Oman). ( 英文 ). Kennedy W J;Jagt J W 

M;Hanna S S;Schulp A S. Cretaceous Research, 

2000, 21(4): 553-562 

Recently collected ammonite faunules from 

the Samhan Formation (Aruma Group) exposed 

south of Saiwan (Huqf Desert, Sultanate of 

Oman) comprise three species, Kitchinites angolaensis 

Howarth, 1965, Pachydiscus (P.) arabicus 

Kennedy & Jagt sp. nov., and Manambolites 

dandensis Howarth, 1965. These taxa allow 

the middle and upper members of this formation 

to be dated as Late Campanian, based on the 

stratigraphic ranges of the ammonite taxa elsewhere 

(Israel, Angola). A previous age assignment 

(Early Campanian) to this formation was 

based primarily on foraminiferal and calcareous 

nannoplankton dating of the overlying Fiqa 

Formation. 

2006040278 

关于晚二叠世克氏蛤类研究中的几个问题 = 

Discussion on the study of the genera claraia and 

claraioides (bivalvia) of Late Permian age. ( 中 

文 ). 方宗杰 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(4): 613-619 

对当前二叠 - 三叠纪克氏蛤类研究中存在的 

几个问题进行讨论 , 并对杨逢清等 (2002) 提出 

的关于属一级划分的原则提出质疑。通过对 

Claraia tumida(Patte) 的再研究 , 确认早三叠 

世的克氏蛤不存在足丝凹口内端呈明显扩大 

的类型。经过详细的讨论和比较 , 无论是从 

形态上 , 或是生态上 , 还是从生物地理学的 

角度 , 克氏蛤和类克氏蛤在晚二叠世都应被 

视为两个平行发展的属。类克氏蛤在二叠纪 

末全部灭绝 , 未留下任何后裔 , 它与克氏蛤 

之间并不存在演化关系。克氏蛤的地质历程 

是晚二叠世早期至早三叠世晚期 , 发现于俄 

罗斯北极区新地岛晚二叠世早期的 Claraia 

novosemelica Lobanova 是克氏蛤的最早代 

表 , 它应当位于克氏蛤演化的基干部位。 

节肢动物 

2006040279 

西欧下侏罗统 (Pliensbachian 及 Toarcian 阶 ) 

介形类的古动物地理 = Palaeozoogeography of 

Western European Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian 

and Toarcian) Ostracoda. ( 英文 ). Arias C; 

Whatley R. Geobios, 2005, 38(6): 697-724 

The palaeozoogeography of Lower Jurassic 

(Pliensbachian-Toarcian) Ostracoda is studied in 

terms of faunal similarity between 13 geographical 

areas. A list of 270 marine ostracod species 

from Europe, North Africa and North America 

has been compiled and subjected to quantitative 

analysis (using multivariate methods) in order to 

ascertain the degree of similarity between Spanish 

assemblages and those described from these 

areas. The cluster analysis demonstrates that 

degree of similarity generally reflects proximity 

in palaeogeographical position. The results indicate 

extensive intercommunication of taxa between 

the basins, and also the absence of clear 

differentiation between Tethyan and Boreal faunas. 

2006040280 

中国 Callovian–Oxfordian 期道虎沟生物群 

中 Chrysomelids 化石 ( 昆虫纲 : Coleopetra: 

Chrysomeloidea) 的首次发现 = The first find 

of chrysomelids (Insecta: Coleopetra: Chrysomeloidea) 

from Callovian – Oxfordian Daohugou 

biota of China. ( 英文 ). Jun-Feng Zhang. 

Geologia Croatica, 2005, 38(6): 865-871 

Tarsomegamerus mesozoicus nov. gen., nov. 

sp., an almost complete specimen of leaf beetle 

from the Callovian – Oxfordian of Daohugou 

Formation in Inner Mongolia, China is described. 

Tarsomegamerus mesozoicus is assigned to the 

Protoscelinae (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera). This 

new leaf beetle represents the first record of 

chrysomeloids from Mesozoic of China and it 

extends the geographical distribution of Protoscelinae 

from central Asia into eastern Asia. 

This find provides new fossil material for studying 

the origin and evolution of Chrysomeloidea 

and by making a stratigraphic correlation of the 

correlative non-marine sedimentary rocks. Although 

the age of the Daohugou Formation is 

debatable it is most likely Callovian–Oxfordian 

(latest Middle Jurassic–earliest Late Jurassic) 

rather than early Middle Jurassic (late 

Aalenian–early Bajocian) or Early Cretaceous. 

2006040281 

伦敦自然历史博物馆收藏的印度熔岩流间的 

介形虫 = Indian intertrappean Ostracoda in the 

collections of The Natural History Museum, 

London. ( 英文 ). Whatley R C;Bajpai 

S;Whittaker J E. Cretaceous Research, 2003, 

24(1): 73-88 

Study of historical collections in the Department 

of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, 

London (housed both in Micropalaeontology 

and Mollusca) has yielded further important 

Indian intertrappean Ostracoda. In this paper 

eight species are described and illustrated, one of 

them being new. The species are: Limnocythere 

sp., Cypridopsis palaichthonos Bajpai and 

Whatley, C. wynnei Whatley and Bajpai, C. 

alphospilotos sp. nov., ?Eucypris verruculosa 

76

Whatley, Bajpai and Srinivasan, Mongolianella 

cylindrica (Sowerby), M. hislopi (Jones) 

and ?Moenocypris hunteri (Jones). A lectotype is 

designated for Cypris (=Mongolianella) cylindrica 

from Sowerby's rediscovered syntypes, but 

although Jones's two species, Cypris 

(=Mongolianella) hislopi and C. 

(=?Moenocypris) hunteri, are also redescribed, it 

is not from type material which must, unfortunately, 

be presumed lost. 

2006040282 

安徽东至寒武纪早期三叶虫动物群 = early 

cambrian trilobite fauna from dongzhi,southern 

anhui. ( 中文 ). 朱学剑 ; 彭善池 ; 齐敦伦 . 古生物 

学报 , 2005, 44(4): 556-566 2 图版 . 

描述了采自皖南东至庞汪剖面和潘冲剖面 

黄柏岭组和大陈岭组中的三叶虫 , 共计 9 种 

8 属和 1 亚属 , 其中 Chuchiaspis dongzhiensis 

sp.nov. 是 1 新种 ; 认为 Tingyuania Sun et 

Chang,1937 是 Dinesus Etheridge,1896 的晚 

出异名。 

2006040283 

英格兰南部早白垩世化石石蛾 ( 昆虫纲 : 毛 

翅目 ) = Fossil caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) 

from the Early Cretaceous of southern England. 

( 英文 ). Sukatsheva I D;Jarzembowski E A. Cretaceous 

Research, 2001, 22(6): 685-694 

The following new fossil trichopteran insects 

are described or revised from the Purbeck Limestone 

Group and Wealden Supergroup of southern 

England: Pteromixanum inviolatum gen. et 

sp. nov., P. ruderatum gen. et sp. nov., P. purbeckianum 

(Handlirsch) gen. et comb. nov. and 

P. poxwellense gen. et sp. nov. (Necrotauliidae);Purbimodus 

minor gen. et sp. nov., P. medius 

gen. et sp. nov., P. rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov. 

and P. saxosus gen. et sp. nov. (Vitimotauliidae);Palaeoludus 

popovi gen. et sp. nov. (Dysoneuridae);Palaeotarsus 

desertus gen. et sp. 

nov. (Plectrotarsidae);Eucrunoecia ridicula gen. 

et sp. nov. (Lepidostomatidae);Palaeocentropus 

placidus gen. et sp. nov. (Calamoceratidae) and 

Helicophidae gen. et sp. incertae sedis. The general 

composition of the fauna is compared with 

Early Cretaceous faunas of Asia. The early appearance 

of several living families is noted. 

2006040284 

中国热河生物群 ( 最晚侏罗纪 - 早白垩纪 ) 的 

衍蜓幼虫及其衍蜓科的讨论 ( 昆虫纲 , 蜻蜓 

目 ) = Aeschnidiid nymphs from the Jehol biota 

(latest Jurassic–Early Cretaceous), China, with 

a discussion of the family Aeschnidiidae (Insecta, 

Odonata. ( 英文 ). Zhang J F. Cretaceous Research, 

1999, 20(6): 813-827 

Undoubted fossil nymphs of the family 

Aeschnidiidae within the Aeschnidioidea of the 

Anisoptera, Odonata are identified and described 

and their phylogenetic relationship and bioecological 

characteristics are deduced. The 

nymphs discovered previously in China, Mongolia 

and Russia and considered to be aeschnidiids 

are, in fact, unrelated to this group. All nine 

Chinese species in six genera can be merged into 

one alone, Aeschnidium heishankowense. It is 

the first animal from the ‘Jehol biota’ of East 

Asia to be linked with the species known from 

the Lower Tithonian of Germany. The geological 

age of the oldest strata bearing the fossil 

nymphs is debatable; it could be latest Jurassic 

rather than Early Cretaceous. 

2006040285 

英国多塞特波倍克灰岩群 ( 下白垩统 , 贝里 

亚斯阶 ) 化石蝇类 ( 昆虫纲 : 双翅目 ) = 

New fossil flies (Insecta: Diptera) from the Purbeck 

Limestone Group (Lower Cretaceous, Berriasian) 

of Dorset, UK. ( 英文 ). Coram R A; Jarzembowski 

E A. Cretaceous Research, 1999, 

20(6): 853-861 

Two new species from small, exclusively 

Mesozoic, families of nematoceran Diptera (true 

flies) from the Purbeck Limestone Group (Berriasian) 

of Dorset, UK are described, namely Procramptonomyia 

zigzagensis sp. nov. (Procramptonomyiidae) 

and Ellia purbeckensis sp. nov. 

(Elliidae). The fossil evidence suggests that 

these two families, along with the extant Cramptonomyiidae, 

are closely related. 

2006040286 

英格兰南部下白垩统 Eomatsucoccus andrewi 

sp. nov. ( 半翅目 : 胸喙亚目 : 蚧亚目 ) = 

Eomatsucoccus andrewi sp. nov. (Hemiptera: 

Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea) from the Lower Cretaceous 

of southern England. ( 英文 ). Koteja J. 


Eomatsucoccus andrewi sp. nov. (Hemiptera: 

Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea: Matsucoccida) has 

been established on the basis of a wing impression 

from the Lower Weald Clay (Hauterivian, 

Lower Cretaceous) at Keymer Tileworks, West 

Sussex, southern England. It differs from the 

other two Lower Cretaceous species, E. sukachevae 

Koteja and E. popovi Koteja, in wing 

size (c. 3.3 mm long) and shape (gradually tapering 

towards apex). The taxonomy and palaeontology 

of the matsucoccids are discussed. 

2006040287 

肯尼亚早三叠世叶肢介 — 新属 — 

Kenyaestheria = Kenyaestheria, a new genus of 

conchostraca from the Lower Triassic of Kenya. 

77

( 中文 ). 沈炎彬 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 175- 

181 

报道的叶肢介新属 (Kenyaestheria 

gen.nov.) 采自肯尼亚 Maji ya Chumvi 地 

区的一钻孔 , 属下三叠统上马几牙楚姆维组 

(Upper Majiya Chumvi Formation), 其特征 

为壳瓣后背缘最后几条生长线靠近背缘处形 

成一个凹缘构造 , 但生长线在背缘并不反转 

弯曲 , 同时具有放射线纹饰 , 据此将其归于 

凹缘叶肢介科 (Ulugkemiidae)。该科是一个 

灭绝的类群 , 分布于中泥盆统至上三叠统 , 

古生代的类型都发现于欧亚大陆 , 晚三叠世 

的 Triasulugkemia 见于阿根廷 , 新属首见于 

早三叠世 , 也是在南大陆出现的第二例凹缘 

叶肢介类。孢粉 Lunatisporites pellucidus 和叶 

肢介 Aquilonoglypta—Cornia— 

Palaeolimnadia—Falsisca 组合指示含化石的 

地层时代为早三叠世早期。 

2006040288 

贵州东部下寒武统杷榔组上部的三叶虫 = 

Trilobites of the upper part of Lower Cambrian 

Balang Formation, southeastern Guizhou Province, 

China. ( 中文 ). 彭进 ; 赵元龙 ; 杨兴莲 . 古生 

物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 235-242 1 图版 . 

贵州凯里市西北郊瓮岭塘寒武系都匀阶下 

部 ( 下寒武统 ) 杷榔组顶部和镇远县江古镇 

杷榔组上部的杷榔动物群 , 是新近发现的重 

要动物群。动物群由始海百合与莱德利基虫 

类三叶虫及多门类的化石组成 , 表明黔东早 

寒武世都匀期早期斜坡相生物的多样性。就 

属种而言 , 三叶虫类最为丰富 , 计有 4 属 5 

种 ,1 亚种和 1 未定种 , 包括莱得利基虫类的 

Redlichia ( Pteroredlichia ) chinensis , 

Redlichia ( Pteroredlichia ) chinensis lui , 

Redlichia(Pteroredlichia)murakamii, 耸棒 

头虫类 Arthricocephalus chauyeaui , 

Changaspis placenta , Changaspis micropyge 

及褶颊虫类 Probowmania(Probowmania) 

sp . 。褶颊虫类 Probowmania 

(Proboumania) 的出现 , 丰富了黔东地区杷 

榔组上部三叶虫组合 , 层位明显下延。文章 

还报道 Redlichia(Pteroredlichia)chinensis 

分节末期到成虫早期个体发育特征。 

2006040289 

侏罗纪中蜉属和珠蜉属蜉蝣昆虫化石研究的 

新进展 = New development in studying the Jurassic 

genera: mesobaeti$ brauer et al. , 1889 

and mesoneta brauer et al. , 1889 (insecta: 

ephemeroptera). ( 中文 ). 张俊峰 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(2): 268-276 1 图版 

长期以来 , 我国昆虫化石研究者所确认 , 

并为众多地层古生物工作者所引用 , 作为地 

层对比和确定地质时代的两种侏罗系蜉蝣幼 

虫化石 : 西伯利亚中蜉 (Mesobaetis sibirica 

Brauer,Redtenbacher et Ganglbauer,1889) 

和古珠蜉 (Mesoneta antiqua Brauer , 

Redtenbacher et Ganglbauer,1889) 在我国境 

内并不存在。迄今为止 , 这两个种仅局限于 

俄罗斯西伯利亚下侏罗统。此前 , 被我国昆 

虫化石研究者分别归人中蜉属 (Mesobaetis 

Brauer,Redtenbather et Ganglbauer,1889) 

和珠蜉属 (Mesoneta Brauer,Redtenbacher et 

Ganglbauer,1889) 的所有种类 , 其科级和属 

级分类位置有误。它们包括 : 西伯利亚中 

蜉 , 三间房中蜉 (Mesobaetis sajian fangensis 

Hong , Lianget Hu , 1995 ), 黑斑中蜉 

(Mesobaetis maculata Hong,Liang et Hu, 

1995), 古珠蜉和北票珠蜉 (Mesoneta beipiaoensis 

Wang,1980)。道虎沟组、海房沟 

组、九龙山组和三间房组的水生蜉蝣组合完 

全不同 , 彼此不能对比。我国侏罗系 - 下白垩 

统蜉蝣幼虫全部是湖相 , 为原地埋藏 , 而非 

河流相 , 异地埋藏类型。 

2006040290 

内蒙古海拉尔盆地白垩纪生物地层研究进展 

= Achievements in the study on Cretaceous biostratigraphy 

of the Hailaer Basin, Inner Mongolia. 

( 中文 ). 吴河勇 ; 黄清华 ; 党毅敏 ; 孔惠 ; 王立 

群 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 283-291 

兴安岭群龙江组产 Ephemeropsis trisetalis 

等热河生物群分子 , 九峰山组产富含 

Cicatricosis porites , Pilosisporites , 

Concavissimisporites 的孢粉组合 , 兴安岭群 

龙江组、甘河组火山岩同位素年龄为 105— 

141Ma, 证实兴安岭群的时代为早白垩世早 

期 ; 扎赉诺尔群中以 Cypridea , 

Limnocypridea,Ilyocyprimorpha 和 Hailaeria 

等属为代表的介形类动物群 , 以 

Nyktericysta,Vesperopsis 等属为代表的 N— 

V 浮游植物群 , 以富含 Lygopodiaceae 科各属 

孢子 , 尤其是 Cicatricosisporites 高含量的孢 

粉组合 , 代表了中国北方早白垩世特有的 

动、植物群面貌 , 而其中 Asteropollis , 

Tricolpites 和 Polyporites 等被子植物花粉化石 

的发现 , 这一事实似乎暗示了扎赉诺尔群的 

时代为早白垩世中、晚期 ; 青元岗组产以 

Talicypridea,Altanicypris,Chinocypridea 和 

Harbinia 为代表的介形类动物群 , 具有显著 

的地域性特点 , 可与松辽盆地四方台组对 

比 , 其时代为晚白垩世 Maastrichtian 期。 

2006040291 

Leonaspis guangxiensis Zhou in Zhou and 

Liu,1977 的蜕壳埋葬学研究 = Taphonomic 

and molting study of Leonaspis guangxiensis 

78

Zhou in Zhou and liu, 1977. ( 中文 ). 韩乃仁 ; 张 

轼 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 108-111 

在广西南丹罗富的塘丁组上部 ,Ductina 

(Illaenula)vietnamica Maximova 层之下采 

到一块 Leonaspis guangxiensis Zhou in Zhou 

and Liu,1977 较完好的蜕壳后的原地埋葬标 

本 , 标本上反映了它的面线起机能作用 , 在 

蜕壳时裂开 , 在蜕壳过程中 , 头盖、活动 

颊、胸节 2、3 节的裂开并错动 , 尾部掀开并 

被推移到左侧。 

2006040292 

华北地台西缘两个奥陶纪三叶虫新属 = Two 

new Ordovician trilobite genera from western 

marginal areas of the North China Platform. ( 英 

文 ). 周志毅 ; 周志强 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(1): 

112-113 

In connection with the preparation of a chapter 

of the monograph " Trilobite record of 

China" on the Ordovician trilobites, a large 

number of Chinese species were critically reviewed. 

Among others, two of them previously 

described from western marginal areas of the 

North China Platform respectively by Lu in Lu 

et al. (1976) as Bulbaspis ordosensis and by 

Zhou and Dean (1986) as lschylophyrna? 

zhiqiangi ought to be reassigned to new genera. 

2006040293 

首个欧洲白垩纪襀翅目昆虫石蝇化石 = The 

first European Cretaceous stonefly (Insecta, Perlida=Plecoptera). 

( 英文 ). Sinitshenkova N D. 

Cretaceous Research, 1998, 19(3-4): 317-321 

Ecdyoperla fairlightensisgen. et sp. nov. is 

described from the Wealden Hastings Group 

(Lower Cretaceous) of southern England. 

2006040294 

英格兰南部下白垩统象鼻虫一新属种 ( 昆虫 

纲 : 鞘翅目 : 象虫总科 ) = A new genus and 

species of weevil from the Lower Cretaceous of 

southern England (Insecta: Coleptera: Curculionoidea). 

( 英文 ). Gratshev V G;Zherikhin V 

V;Jarzembowski E A. Cretaceous Research, 

1998, 19(3-4): 323-327 

Metrioxenoides pusillusgen. et sp. nov. is described 

from the Lower Purbeck (Berriasian) of 

Dorset and placed with some reservation in the 

family Nemonychidae. This is the first definite 

weevil to have been found in the English Cretaceous 

succession. 

2006040295 

英格兰南部波倍克和威尔德地区下白垩统的 

蜂类 ( 昆虫纲 : 膜翅目 ) 及其生物地层学和 

古环境意义 = Wasps (Insecta: 

Vespida=Hymenoptera) from the Purbeck and 

Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) of southern England 

and their biostratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental 

significance. ( 英文 ). Radnitsyn A P; 

Jarzembowski E A; Ross A J. Cretaceous Research, 

1998, 19(3-4): 329-391 

This is the first comprehensive study of the 

insectan order Vespida (Hymenoptera) in the 

English non-marine Lower Cretaceous (Purbeck 

and Wealden strata). The fauna includes diverse 

sawflies, parasitoid and aculeate wasps but with 

the exception of social groups. The stratigraphical 

occurence and fossiliferous localities are 

reviewed by AJR. The wasps are revised, described, 

and keyed out by APR and EAJ who 

erect 10 new genera and 35 new species:Undatoma 

stigmaticasp. nov.,U. rudgwickensissp. 

nov.,U. bicolorsp. nov. (Xyelotomidae);Trematothorax 

clementsisp. nov.,T. valdensissp. 

nov. (Sepulcidae);Eosyntexis tuffinaesp. 

nov. (Anaxyelidae);Turgonalus cooperisp. nov. 

(Trigonalidae);Arossia joyceaegen. et sp. nov. 

(Stephanoidea);Manlaya oculatissimasp. nov.,M. 

anglicasp. nov.,M. ockleyensissp. nov.,M. 

capelensissp. nov. (Gasteruptiidae);Tillywhimia 

spectragen. et sp. nov.,T. coloratasp. nov. 

(?Gasteruptiidae);Cretevania concordiasp. nov. 

(Cretavaniidae);Dintonia despectatagen. et sp. 

nov.,Pallenites calcariusgen. et sp. 

nov.,Peverella puncatasp. nov. (Proctotrupidae);Coramia 

minutagen. et sp. nov. (Diapriidae);Amitchellia 

proceragen. et sp. nov.,A. brevissp. 

nov. (Proctotrupoidea);Purichneumon 

bitannicusgen. et sp. nov. (Eoichneumonidae);Bethylonymellus 

feltonisp. nov. (Bethylonymidae); 

Archisphex proximussp. nov.,A. curvussp. 

nov., Angarosphex consensussp. nov.,A. 

bleachisp. nov., Pompilopterus corpussp. nov.,P. 

wimbledonisp. nov., P. keymerensissp. nov., ?P. 

worssamisp. nov., ?P. leeisp. nov., ?P. difficilissp. 

nov., Iwestia provectagen. et sp. nov. 

(Sphecidae); Apocritites distinctusgen. et sp. nov. 

(Apocrita). Taxonomic changes includeProsyntexis 

gobiensis(Rasnitsyn 1993) comb. nov. 

andProsyntexis okhotensis (Rasnitsyn 1993) 

comb. nov. (Sepulcidae); AngarophexRasnitsyn 

1975=ShandongodesZhang 1985 syn. nov. 

(Sphecidae); ArchinsphexEvans 1969 

=Cretosphe x Rasnitsyn 1975 = Mateosphe x 

Zhang 1985 = PalaeopisHong 1984 syn. nov. 

(Sphecidae). The Purbeck fauna is more diverse 

generically and contains a greater number of 

endemics than the Wealden fauna. The absence 

of xyelids from the Purbeck and Wealden is consistent 

with a warm climate. Late Mesozoic 

vespidan faunas are compared globally (especially 

with eastern Asia), and four Jurassic- 

Cretaceous assemblages are recognised: an 

ephialtitid-praeaulacine or aculeate-free Jurassic 

type; a Lower Cretaceous baissine type with 

earlier proctotrupid and later angarosphecine 

79

subtypes; an Upper Cretaceous armaniid type. 

The Purbeck-Wealden fauna is baissine with two 

Jurassic ‘survivors’ but lacks social groups; 

both assemblage subtypes are represented but 

the influx of aculeate wasps is accompanied by 

reduced endemicity and generic diversity, possibly 

indicative of ecological change in the hinterland. 

2006040296 

英格兰南部下白垩统新的 protomyrmeleontid 

蜻蜓 ( 昆虫纲 , 蜻蜓目 ,Archizygoptera) = 

New protomyrmeleontid dragonflies from the 

lower Cretaceous of southern England (Insecta, 

Odonata, Archizygoptera). ( 英文 ). Nel A; Jarzembowski 

E A. Cretaceous Research, 1998, 

19(3-4): 393-402 

The first Protomyrmeleontidae from the British 

Lower Cretaceous are described. They belong 

to three new species, representing at least 

two different genera, Protomyrmeleon cretacicus 

sp. nov. and Saxomyrmeleon keatingei gen. et sp. 

nov., and a Protomyrmeleontidae gen. et sp. indet. 

The finds show that the extinct dragonfly 

suborder Archizygoptera was well represented 

and widely distributed during the Early Cretaceous. 

2006040297 

英格兰南部早白垩纪石蛾化石 ( 昆虫纲 : 毛 

翅目 ) = Fossil caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) 

from the Early Cretaceous of southern England. 

( 英文 ). Jarzembowski E A. Cretaceous Research, 

1995, 16(6): 695-703 

The first fossil caddis cases from the Early 

Cretaceous (Wealden) of SE England are described 

and named Conchindusia rasnitsyni ichnosp. 

nov., Piscindusia sukachevae ichnogen. et 

isp. nov., ?Ostracindusia vyalovi ichnosp. nov. 

and Pelindusia percealleni ichnosp. nov. In addition, 

the necrotauliid caddisfly Paratrichopteridium 

purbeckianum (Handlirsch) comb. nov. 

from the earliest Cretaceous (Purbeck Group) of 

Dorset is redescribed. 

2006040298 

柴达木盆地新生代介形类动物群特征及环境 

意义 = Features of the Cenozoic ostracod fauna 

and environmental significance in Qaidam Basin. 

( 中文 ). 杨藩 ; 乔子真 ; 张海泉 ; 张永华 ; 孙镇城 . 

古地理学报 , 2006, 8(2): 143-156 

柴达木盆地新生代介形类动物群依其属种 

组成及埋葬学特征可区分为河流、滨湖沼 

泽、浅湖 (0~12m)、半深湖 (12~25m) 

和深湖 (〉25m) 等多种组合。湖相介形类 

化石组合始见于始新世中期沉积的下干柴沟 

组下段上部 , 它们既不同于淡水湖介形类 , 

也不同于溺湖介形类 , 而是典型的陆源半成 

水 - 成水湖介形类动物群 ; 该组合的首次出 

现 , 是本区古近纪以来第一次大规模湖侵的 

标志。介形类动物群在柴达木盆地西部古近 

系中的纵向横向分布表明 , 在中、晚始新世 

( 下干柴沟组上段 - 上干柴沟组下段沉积期 ) 

发生规模最大的湖侵 , 渐新世 ( 上干柴沟组 

上段沉积期 ) 的湖区虽仍继续向东扩大 , 但 

水体明显变浅 , 标志着湖侵已接近尾声。这 

一湖侵与邻区塔里木盆地西南始于古新世而 

结束于始新世末至渐新世初的古近纪海侵相 

比 , 发育时期大不相同 , 在起源上两者间应 

无因果关系。 

2006040299 

常山美丽饰边虫 Euloma changshanense Lu 

( 三叶虫 ) 的蜕壳及其古环境意义 = Techniques 

of exuviations in Euloma changshanense 

Lu (Trilobita) and its palaeoenvironmental 

significance. ( 中文 ). 韩乃仁 . 古地理学报 , 2006, 

8(1): 16-22 

Euloma changshanense Lu 采自浙江江山下 

奥陶统 , 是一个蜕壳老壳的部分及自由颊腹 

边缘的印痕。从这后期破损的残壳分析其蜕 

壳过程 , 认为两自由颊在头前中间连接 , 蜕 

壳时在虫体拱曲时脱落于头前 , 但还在新壳 

之上 , 后被新的虫体顶走 , 只残存自由颊腹 

边缘在头前的印痕。这反映了三叶虫在蜕壳 

过程中有一停顿休息时间 , 而新的虫体常常 

顶走或拖走老的头壳上的自由颊和唇瓣 , 使 

老壳留下缺失的背壳部件。蜕壳过程是瞬间 

发生的 , 即只有原地埋葬才能保存这一状 

态 , 说明当时三叶虫处于比较宁静的水中 , 

又处于沉积物供给充足的环境 , 在蜕壳过程 

中或不久即被沉积物掩埋。浙江江山印渚埠 

组的厚度较大 , 上面直接覆盖着大湾阶底部 

的 Azygograptus suecicus 带 ; 而相邻不远的江 

西玉山印渚埠组顶部 , 上覆为玉山阶的底部 

Tetragraptus appraximatus 带 , 证明印渚埠组 

是穿时的。而两个地方的印渚埠组顶部都常 

产有 Eulomn changshanense Lu, 说明此三叶 

虫虽为下奥陶统常见化石 , 但延续时间较 

长 , 在特马豆克晚期到整个玉山阶都存在 , 

也说明印渚埠组沉积厚度较大 , 但整个沉积 

环境变化不大 , 即使三叶虫 Euloma changshanense 

等种属也很少变化。这是研究三叶 

虫蜕壳及其生态替换、演变的好层位。 

2006040300 

原长翅蝎蛉亚目化石在中国陕西铜川地区首 

次发现 = First discovery of fossil Protomecoptera 

in the Tongchuan region, Shaanxi, China. 

( 中文 ). 洪友崇 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(5): 560- 

564 

80

记述了原长翅亚目化石 (Protomecoptera 

Tillyard,1917) 在中国陕西铜川中三叠统中的 

首次发现 , 填补这个亚目化石在中国的空白 . 根 

据脉序特征 , 确定是 2 个新属、种 : 

Glytochorista martynovae gen.et 

sp.,Phyllochorista orientis gen.et sp.nov., 属这个 

亚目的汤姆蝎蛉科 Tomichoristidae 

O.Martynova,1958, 从而将这个科的化石推向 

最高层位 , 即从早二叠世推向中三叠世 , 跨时 

5000 多万年 . 从这个意义来讲 , 对研究该科从 

古生代晚期向中生代早期的演化有一定的重 

要参考价值 . 化石采自铜川中三叠世铜川组下 

段上部灰绿色泥页岩 . 新属、新种属于陕西昆 

虫群 ( 系中三叠世陕西动物群或陕西生物群 

的一个化石门类 ) 铜川昆虫组合的新成员 , 时 

代相当于欧洲拉丁尼期 (Ladinian stage). 

2006040301 

冀北滦平盆地大北沟组 — 大店子组介形类生 

物地层和侏罗系 — 白垩系界线 = Ostracod 

biostratigraphy of the Dabeigou and Dadianzi 

formations and Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary in 

the Luanping basin, northern Hebei, China. ( 中 

文 ). 庞其清 ; 田树刚 ; 李佩贸 ; 牛绍武 ; 柳永清 . 地 

质通报 , 2006, 25(3): 348-356 

冀北滦平盆地火斗山乡张家沟大北沟组一 

大店子组剖面连续、出露好、沉积序列全、 

化石十分丰富。介形类的研究可划分为 1 个 

延限带、4 个组合带和 7 个亚带。其中第 1 

( Luanpingella-Torinina-Eoparacypris ) 组合 

带及所包含的 1、2(Luanpingella posta-cuba 

和 Torinina obesa) 亚带 , 分布于大北沟组 , 

显示了晚侏罗世晚期的特征。第 Ⅱ 一 Ⅳ 

( Yanshanina-Cypridea-Rhinocypris , 

Cypridea-Yanshanina-Timiriasevia 和 Cypridea 

sulcata-C. shanyingensis) 组合带及所包含的 

3~7(Cypridea stenolonga,C. xitaiyangpoensis,C. 

luanpingensis,C. sulcata 和 C. shanyingensis) 

亚带分布在大店子组 ,Cypridea 开 

始并相继大量出现和繁盛 , 明显地具有早白 

垩世早期的特征。故侏罗系 — 白垩系的界线 

应置于第 1 组合带与第 Ⅱ 组合带 , 即第 2 亚 

带与第 3 亚带之间。 

2006040302 

以三叶虫及牙形石论中、美寒武纪地层对比 

= Cambrian correlation between North America 

and China based on trilobite and conodont faunas. 

( 中文 ). 张文堂 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(3): 

305-316 

二十世纪中叶以后 , 中、美寒武纪地层研 

究都有重大进展。三叶虫是寒武纪的重要化 

石 , 中、晚寒武世牙形石有显著的生物地层 

意义。二十世纪中叶国内研究寒武系的学 

者 , 认为北美寒武系与西欧及北欧的相似 , 

与中国的差异较大。目前看来 , 北美东部斜 

坡相区的寒武系与西欧、北欧相似外 , 北美 

西部广大地区 ( 包括阿拉斯加、加拿大及美国 

境内的落基山等地区 ), 分别与西伯利亚 , 蒙 

古西北部一些地区 , 及我国华北、东北南部 

及华南等地区的寒武系关系较近。北美西部 

Nevada 及 Utah 等地也显示地台区及斜坡相区 

的不同。文内对两个地区早、中、晚寒武世 

地层内相同的属或种 , 分别进行对比。两地 

区属种相同的数目 , 由老到新逐渐增多。岩 

石方面 , 也有相似之处 , 如 Pioche 页岩和馒 

头组的岩性 ,Notch Peak 灰岩与凤山组藻类 

灰岩及 Hales 灰岩与华北晚寒武世的竹叶状 

灰岩等 , 都有相似之处。 

2006040303 

介形纲丽足目和速足目及相关类群 18S 

rDNA 分子系统发育的研究 = Molecular phylogeny 

of major ostracode groups based on 18S 

rDNA sequences data: a preliminary study. ( 中 

文 ). 张克云 ; 孙晓艳 ; 杨群 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(3): 452-459 

文中分析现生介形类 (Ostracoda)4 目 21 科 

29 属的 18S rRNA 部分序列 , 采用最大似然 

法 (ML)、邻接法 (NJ) 和最大简约法 (MP), 尝 

试构建介形类的分子系统树 ; 结合介形类的 

形态特征和化石记录 , 主要对速足目 

(Podocopida)、丽足目 (Myodocoplda) 及其超科 

级分类阶元的系统发生关系进行探讨。3 种 

分析方法均支持形态学上 Podocopida , 

Myodocopida 和海萤超科 (Cypridinacea) 的界 

定 ; 但对 Podocopida 目土菱介超科 

(Bairdiacea) 的系统地位提出质疑 , 该类群可 

能不是单系发生的自然类群。上述分析显 

示 .Podocopida,Myodocopida,Platycopida 

和 Halo—cypridina 组成一个单系群 ; 介形类 

在目、超科、科和属的水平上可能发生过多 

次辐射分化。 

2006040304 

也论 Protaitzehoia Yang ( 三叶虫 ) 的分类 

位置 — 再与袁金良、尹恭正商榷 = Discussion 

on the taxonomic position and species synonyms 

of Protaitzehoia yang-comments on Yuan and 

Yin, 2001: on the taxonomic position of late 

Cambrian Protaitzehoia yang. ( 中文 ). 彭善池 ;L 

E Babcock; 林焕令 ; 林天瑞 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(3): 473-480 1 图版 . 

根据新材料和对以往描述的种的模式材料 

的研究 , 认为 Protaitzehoia 的科级分类位置 

仍旧属德氏虫科 (Damesellidae), 将该属转移 

到鄂尔多斯虫科 (Ordosiidae) 是不正确的。以 

81

往所厘定的有些种可能不能成立。经归并 

Protaitzehoia 目前只包括 5 种。 

2006040305 

新疆准噶尔盆地侏罗纪的几种昆虫化石 = 

Some Jurassic homopteran insects from the 

Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China. ( 中文 ). 张海春 ; 

王启飞 ; 张俊峰 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(4): 548- 

551 

新疆准噶尔盆地中生代陆相地层产有丰富 

的昆虫化石 , 已研究报道的计有 8 属 19 种 , 

归于 4 目 5 科。其中 ,Protorthophlebia strigata 

Zhang , 1996 和 Orthophlebia exculpta 

Zhang,1996 产自乌苏上三叠统小泉沟群 ; 

Mesohagla xinjiangensis Zhang , 1996 , 

Protorthophlebia latipennis Tillyard , 1933 , 

Orthophlebia latebrosa Sukatsheva , 1985 , 

Orthophlebia colorata Zhang , 1996 , 

Mesopanorpa brodiei(Tillyard , 

1933)Martynova , 1948 , Mesopanorpa kuliki 

Martynova,1948 , Mesopanorpa obscura(Martynov 

, 1925)Martynov , 1927 , 

Mesopanorpa densa Zhang , 1996 , 

Mesopanorpa monstrosa Zhang , 1996 , 

Fletcherianajurasszca Zhang , 1997 , 

Plachutella exculpta Zhang , 1997 和 

Pseudocossus strenus Zhang,1997 产自克拉玛 

依下侏罗统八道湾组 ;Ovivagina longa 

Zhang,1997,Ovivagina propinqua Zhang, 

1997 和 Ovivagina prolixa Zhang,1997 产自 

沙湾县八道湾组 ;Ovivagina immediata 

Zhang,1997 产自克拉玛依中侏罗统西山窑 

组。根据产自准噶尔盆地下侏罗统的同翅目 

昆虫盖翅标本 , 建立 3 新种 , 即产自沙湾县 

南安集海八道湾组的 Procercopis shawanensis 

sp.nov., 产自克拉玛依吐孜沟八道湾组的 

Procercopina delicata sp.nov., 以及产自吉 

木萨尔县西大沟三工河组的 Eofulgoridium 

tenellum sp.nov.。前两种归入原沫蝉科 , 最 

后一种归入短足蜡蝉科 ; 这是 Procercopis 

Martynov 和 Procercopina Martynov 在中国的 

首次记录。Procercopis shawanensis 与 

P.1ongipennis Becker- Migdisova 相似 , 区别 

在于新种 R 脉近末端有一短分支 ,Rs 脉分叉 

一次 ,Rs 与 M 脉之间只有一条横脉 ; 

Procercopina delicata 与 P.asiatica Martynov 

的区别在于新种横脉 r-rs 和 r-m 没有在一条 

线上 ,Rs 脉分为 2 支 ,M 脉后支简单 ; Eofulgoridium 

tenellum 与 E . kisylkiense Martynov 

的区别在于后者 Sc 脉在 C 脉与 R 脉的 

中间 ,M 脉三分支 ,CuA 脉在 R 脉主干分为 

R 与 Rs 脉之前分叉。 

2006040306 

Protaitzehoia Yang 三叶虫分类位置的再研 

究 — 答 “ 也论 Protaitzehoia Yang 三叶虫分 

类位置 ” = Restudy on the taxonomic position 

of protaitzehoia Yang (trilobita)—Reply to discussion 

on the taxonomic position and the specifics 

synonyms of Protaitzehoia Yang. ( 中文 ). 

袁金良 ; 尹恭正 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(4): 624- 

626 

文章从三叶虫的头尾搭配问题的讨论对 " 也 

论 Protaitzehoia Yang 三叶虫的分类位置 " 一 

文中置于原太子河虫属的某些尾部的可靠性 

提出了质疑 , 认为插图 2 中的尾 (K), 由于缺 

少宽而下凹的尾边缘 , 应属于 Stephanocare 

Monke,1903 一属的尾部 ; 插图 2 中的尾 (L) 

的归属尚难定论。将原太子河虫属的头盖、 

活动颊、尾部、唇瓣与 Cheilocephalus 

Berkey,1898 属的头盖、活动颊、尾部、唇 

瓣对比后 , 认为原太子河虫属应归属 

Cheilocephalidae Shaw,1956。 

2006040307 

志留纪三叶虫 Borealarges 和 Dicranogmus 

属的有效性和组成并兼述加拿大北极地区一 

新种 = Validity and composition of the Silurian 

trilobite genera Borealarges and Dicranogmus, 

with new species from the Canadian Arctic. ( 英 

文 ). Adrain J M. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2003, 40(5): 749-763 

New silicified material from Arctic Canada 

demonstrates that the lichid trilobite genera Borealarges 

and Dicranogmus, recently claimed to 

be synonyms, are independent groups with no 

close phylogenetic connection to one another. 

Dicranogmus has been known mainly from 

cranidia alone; prior association of librigenae 

and pygidia with the Arctic Canadian species D. 

skinneri has been queried. This association is 

correct beyond reasonable doubt, based on description 

of new material of both D. skinneri and 

a new species. Three new species of Borealarges 

are related to B. tuckerae Adrain 1994. Cladistic 

analysis supports the monophyly of this species 

group. Pending further new information, however, 

the group is retained within the genus Borealarges. 

The stratigraphic range of the species 

group is extended from the lower Wenlock 

(Sheinwoodian) to upper Ludlow (Ludfordian) 

by the discovery of a rare species in the Douro 

Formation of Cornwallis Island, Arctic Canada. 

New taxa from the Wenlock of the Cape Phillips 

Formation, Arctic Canada, include Dicranogmus 

wynni, Borealarges nicoae, B. warholi, and B. 

yulei. 

笔石动物 

2006040308 

82

浙江常山黄泥塘 Didymographtus (Corymbographtus)deflexus 

带的笔石 = Graptolites of 

the Didymograptus(Corymbograptus)deflexus 

zone from Huangnitang,Changshan,Zhejiang. 

( 中文 ). 陈旭 ; 许红根 ; 俞国华 ; 汪隆武 . 古生物学 

报 , 2003, 42(3): 481-491 

浙江常山黄泥塘剖面是中奥陶统达瑞威尔 

阶的全球界线层型剖面点 (GSSP)。文中讨论 

了黄泥塘剖面宁国组底部 

Didymograptus(Corymbograptus)deflexus 带的 

笔石动物群 , 并描述了其中一部分属种。根 

据该带含牙形刺灰岩夹笔石页岩地层在常 

山、江山地区纵向和横向的分布 , 在宁国组 

下部建立了黄泥塘段。 

2006040309 

新疆塔什库尔干县达布达尔志留纪笔石动物 

群的新发现 = Discovery of a Silurian graptolite 

fauna at Daftar,Taxkorgan County,Xinjiang. ( 中 

文 ). 王世炎 ; 姚建新 ; 肖序常 ; 计文化 . 地质通 

报 , 2003, 22(10): 839-840 

新疆维吾尔自治区塔什库尔干县达布达尔 

地区位于印度板块与欧亚板块结合部的西昆 

仑造山带 , 是研究喀喇昆仑山 - 昆仑山地质演化 

的重要地区之一。由于区域地质研究程度较 

低 , 该地区沉积地层中一直没有获得可靠化石 

证据。笔者经野外地质调查和研究 , 在达布达 

尔地区发现了近似安吉正常笔石 Cf. Climacograptus 

anjiensis(Yang), 小型栅笔石相似种 

Climacograptus cf. minutus Carruthers, 类似畸 

形双笔石 Cf. Diplograptus deformis Huang et 

Lu 等志留纪兰多弗里世的笔石化石和海百合 

茎化石 , 为西昆仑地区地质调查工作的开展和 

志留纪地层的划分与对比提供了重要依据。 

分类位置不明 

2006040310 

西藏羊卓雍地区沙堆组超微化石新资料 = 

New data of nannofossils in the Shadui Formation 

in the Yamzho Yumco area, Tibet. ( 中文 ). 

毛国政 ; 王保弟 ; 曾庆高 . 地质通报 , 2003, 22(9): 

733-735 

1∶5 万琼果幅、曲德贡幅区域地质调查中 , 

在西藏羊卓雍地区的沙堆组中新采集到 

Braarudosphaera-Prediscosphaera 超微化石组 

合 , 为晚白垩世的生物组合面貌 , 从而证实了康 

马 - 隆子分区存在内部地层分区的现象。 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 

2006040311 

法国西南部夏朗德 - 滨海区福拉早森诺曼阶一 

个新的陆相和滨海相脊椎动物点 = A new 

continental and coastal vertebrate locality in the 

Early Cenomanian of Fouras (Charente- 

Maritime, southwestern France). ( 法文 ). Vullo R; 

Néraudeau D; Allain R; Cappetta H. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2005, 42(1-2): 95-107 

2006040312 

肯尼亚裂谷省早上新世鼷鹿科和孔雀 : 作为 

东非常雨林的证据 = Early Pliocene Tragulidae 

and peafowls in the Rift Valley, Kenya: evidence 

for rainforest in East Africa. ( 英文 ). 

Pickford M; Senut B; Mourer-Chauvir é C. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(3): 179-189 

The Early Pliocene Mabaget Formation (5.3– 

4.5 Ma), Tugen Hills, Kenya, has yielded remains 

of the African tragulid Hyemoschus 

aquaticus, which is today confined to rainforests 

of West Africa and the Congo Basin as far east 

as western Uganda. The same unit has also 

yielded a peafowl, Pavo sp. The Mabaget Formation 

has yielded early hominid fossils variously 

attributed to Australopithecus praegens or 

Ardipithecus ramidus. This sedimentary deposit 

joins the list of very early hominid units that 

preserve evidence of forest in the vicinity of the 

basin at the time of deposition. This discovery 

adds weight to the suggestion that the earliest 

hominids inhabited well wooded to forested regions 

rather than open country. It now seems 

more likely that bipedalism evolved in wooded 

to forested ecosystems and was, for several million 

years, linked to arborealism and that only 

after it was perfected did hominids spread into 

more open environments as fully functional bipeds. 

If so, then there is no reason to postulate a 

quadrupedal ‘knuckle-walking’ stage in the evolution 

of hominids 

2006040313 

关于骨基质及其蛋白质的新资料 = New data 

on bone matrix and its proteins. ( 英文 ). Zylberberg 

L. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 

591-604 

After a synthesis on some recent data on the 

biology of bone tissues senso lato, this paper 

focuses on the limits of known variability of 

bone regarding its amount of mineralisation 

(maximal and minimal) and on the underlying 

control mechanisms. Two models of hypermineralised 

bones are reviewed among cetaceans: 

the rostrum of the ‘beaked whale’ Mesoplodon 

and the tympanic bulla of the dolphin Delphinus. 

In the first case, hypermineralisation is reached 

lately through an ultrastructural specialization of 

the secondary osteons. In the second case, hypermineralisation 

starts at once, during foetal life, 

through a specialization of the primary osteons. 

In both cases, ultrastructural peculiarities of collagen 

fibrillogenesis are demonstrated. Diameter 

and spacing of the fibrils leave an exceptional 

83

empty space available for mineral deposition. 

Conversely, hypomineralisation is observed on 

the model of the Teleost scale. The basal plate of 

the scale is made of a regular ‘biological plywood’ 

of densely packed collageneous fibres. 

The mineral is laid down mostly in the interfibrillary 

spaces. All such tissue modulations seem 

to be rigorously controlled by details of the osteoblast 

biosynthetic activities. In a given situation, 

osteoblasts may express only a subset of 

molecules from their potential complete biosynthetic 

repertoire. The debate now centres on how 

osteoblasts acquire positional information to 

express this subset 

2006040314 

水环境中哈弗氏骨的石化作用 = Fossilization 

of Haversian bone in aquatic environments. ( 英 

文 ). Pfretzschner H U. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 605-616 

The process of fossilization is still in many 

respects poorly understood. Changing chemical 

conditions in the fossilizing bone allows us to 

distinguish successive stages of bone diagenesis. 

As long as organic compounds are present in the 

bone, the first stage, the early diagenesis, is not 

completed. However, the early diagenesis itself 

can be subdivided into three stages. Initially the 

organic compounds, mainly collagen, allow intensive 

microbial activity on the bone and this 

microbial decay characterizes the first stage by 

high decay rates and strongly reducing conditions. 

After about one year, the microbial activity 

ceases and the second stage begins, which lasts 

much longer and is characterized by chemical 

gelatinisation of collagen in the bone. Finally 

imbibition of the gelatinised collagen produces 

cracks across cement lines of secondary osteons 

and opens additional pathways for diffusion. In 

this last stage of the early diagenesis, collagen is 

replaced by apatite and other minerals. After this 

replacement, late diagenesis begins. The redox 

milieu in the fossilizing bone is now controlled 

by the environment, but the high phosphate content 

of the apatite still buffers the pH to high 

values. During late diagenesis, pH-dependent 

precipitation is the most important mineral formation 

process. 

2006040315 

匈牙利 Horvati-lik 地区伊姆晚期 ( 晚更新 

世 ) 脊椎动物群 = Late Eemian (Late Pleistocene) 

vertebrate fauna from the Horvati-lik (Uppony, 

NE Hungary). ( 英文 ). Pazonyi P; Kordos 

L. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 2004, 

22(): 107-117 

The rodents are predominant; Microtus arvalis 

is the most abundant species. The steppe elements 

are present in high percentage ( e. g. Sicista, 

Ochotona, Citellus, Allocricetus, Spalax, 

Cricetus and Lagurus), and Dicrostonyx also 

occurs. Using cluster analysis, biochronological 

methods and correlation with the Marine Isotope 

Stages and the continental stratigraphic units, the 

Pleistocene faunas of the Horvati-lik represent a 

significant steppe phase at the end of the Eemian, 

correlated with Marine Isotope Stage 5d, or 

Herning Stadial, dated as 120-110 kyr Bp. 

2006040316 

澳大利亚 Riversleigh 世界遗产地区渐新世 - 中 

新世化石产地的埋葬学 = Taphonomy of 

Oligo-Miocene fossil sites of the Riversleigh 

World Heritage Area, Australia. ( 英文 ). Bassarova 

M. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 627-640 

Taphonomic analyses were carried out on six 

sites from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area 

fossil deposits of northwestern Queensland, Australia. 

The six sites range in age from late Oligocene 

to late Miocene and possibly younger. A 

diverse fossil fauna has been found at these sites, 

but in this study, only mammalian remains were 

considered. The aim was to assess the biological 

and ecological information obtainable from these 

sites in anticipation of a palaeoecological study 

of the sites. To determine if fossils from each 

site were locally derived, specimens were examined 

for abrasion, breakage, weathering, evidence 

of digestion or scavenging, and skeletal 

part representation. Age-class distribution analysis 

of several peramelemorphians and a subfamily 

of macropodids was carried out for one of the 

sites to determine if the mortality profile might 

be attritional or catastrophic. Vertebrate remains 

from the six sites are disarticulated and, in combination 

with the lack of bone weathering, this 

suggests rapid burial in moist conditions. The 

majority of specimens are unweathered, 

unabraded, have a wide range of transport potentials 

and, at this stage, are not suspected to have 

significant predator/scavenger biases. These sites 

are therefore interpreted to be autochthonous 

assemblages. The age-class distribution analysis 

indicates attritional accumulation, however exact 

duration of accumulation can not be ascertained. 

2006040317 

现生鸥繁殖地及恐龙蛋地点的蛋壳埋葬学 = 

Eggshell taphonomy at modern gull colonies and 

a dinosaur clutch site. ( 英文 ). Hayward J L; Zelenitsky 

D K; Smith D L; Zaft D M; Clayburn J 

K. Palaios, 2000, 15(4): 343-355 

Eggshell taphonomy often is acknowledged to 

be worthy of investigation, but few studies have 

examined factors influencing eggshell preservation. 

In this study eggshell weathering, fragmentation, 

dispersal, orientation, and predation were 

characterized in field and laboratory studies. 

Modern gull eggshell fragment dispersal and 

84

orientation patterns were compared with analogous 

patterns at a non-avian dinosaur egg clutch 

site. Among other findings: (1) hatched and depredated 

gull eggshells protected by an exclosure, 

but exposed to two years of colony weathering, 

fragmented relatively slowly, suggesting that 

colony resident activity is responsible for the 

relatively rapid disappearance of eggshell on the 

colony surface; (2) depredated eggshells could 

be distinguished from hatched eggshells due, in 

part, to differences in fracture patterns; (3) both 

gull and non-avian dinosaur eggshell fragments 

were most abundant close to nest centers, 

whereas this was not true for bones and mollusc 

shells in gull territories; (4) both gull and nonavian 

dinosaur eggshell fragments within nest 

areas were oriented concave up more commonly 

than concave down, in contrast to transported 

eggshell fragments; (5) chicken eggs experimentally 

placed in a gull colony were more likely to 

be taken by egg predators in areas of short or 

sparse vegetation than in areas of tall vegetation; 

and (6) the extent of fracturing was greater in 

fresh than in hollow chicken eggshells following 

compression beneath simulated sediment loads. 

Eggshell weathering, fragmentation, orientation, 

and dispersion patterns should be characterized 

during the excavation of fossilized eggs and nest 

sites. 

2006040318 

中国中生代哺乳动物研究进展 = Review of 

recent advances on study of Mesozoic mammals 

in China. ( 中文 ). 王元青 ; 胡耀明 ; 李传夔 . 古脊 

椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(2): 193-204 

迄今为止 , 中国已知的中生代哺乳动物共有 

26 属 29 种 ( 包括 3 个未定种 ), 时代分布从 

早侏罗世至晚白垩世 . 在中国新近发现的中生 

代哺乳动物中 , 除少数几种材料比较零星之外 , 

大多数都有保存很好的头骨和骨架为代表 . 它 

们提供了认识哺乳动物高阶元之间的系统发 

育关系以及早期演化过程中特征转变的重要 

信息 . 过去几年中发现的中生代哺乳动物多数 

产于热河生物群中 . 这些化石代表了不同的哺 

乳动物大类 , 同时显示了在个体大小、运动姿 

态以及食性方面的较高的分异 . 多方面的分异 

确保了它们在同一个生态系统中能够占据不 

同的生态位 . 频繁的火山活动被认为是辽宁西 

部地区动物大量死亡的主要原因 . 像巨爬兽 

( Repenomamus giganticus) 一样以睡眠姿势 

保存的标本 , 很可能意味着随火山喷发释放出 

的有毒气体参与造成了这样的灾难 . 

2006040319 

早期四足动物的演化模式 I. 特征变化的速率 

减弱伴随着迅速的初始分异 = Evolutionary 

patterns in early tetrapods. I. Rapid initial diversification 

followed by decrease in rates of character 

change. ( 英文 ). Ruta M; Wagner P J; 

Coates M I. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 


2111 

Although numerous studies have examined 

morphological diversification during major radiations 

of marine taxa, much less attention has 

been paid to terrestrial radiations. Here, we examine 

rates of character change over phylogeny 

and over time for Palaeozoic limbed tetrapods. 

Palaeozoic tetrapods show significant decreases 

in rates of character change whether the rate is 

measured per sampled cladistic branch or per 

million years along phylogeny. Given changes 

per branch, rates decrease significantly from the 

Devonian through the Pennsylvanian, but not 

from the Pennsylvanian through the Permian. 

Given changes per million years, rates decrease 

significantly over each boundary, although the 

decrease is least significant over the Pennsylvanian–Permian 

boundary. Decreasing rates per 

million years through the Permian might be an 

artefact of the method being able to ascribe 

longer durations to Permian branches than to 

Carboniferous ones; however, it is difficult to 

ascribe the general pattern of decreasing rates of 

change over time to sampling biases or methodological 

biases. Thus, the results implicate biological 

explanations for this pattern. 

2006040320 

早期脊椎动物起源 = A review on the origin of 

Early vertebrates. ( 中文 ). 卢立伍 . in: 周光召 . 

自然科学与博物馆研究第 2 卷 . . Pages: 

201(79-86). 高等教育出版社 . 2006. 7-5636- 

2235-7. 

本文简要介绍了有关脊椎动物起源的几种 

学说 , 并回顾了早期脊椎动物化石研究的最 

新进展。迄今为止 , 无争议的具硬体的最早 

期脊椎动物化石见于奥陶纪地层中 , 且大多 

以骨骼的组织学特征作为主要判别依据。澄 

江动物群中大量出现的脊索动物、脊椎动物 

软体及印痕化石的生物学位置虽仍有一些争 

论 , 但其存在已足以说明在早寒武世生命大 

爆发事件中 , 脊椎动物已经出现。 

2006040321 

脊椎动物化石的修理技术方法 = Technology 

and methods in preparation of vertebrate fossils. 

( 中文 ). 李玉同 . in: 周光召 . 自然科学与博物馆 

研究第 2 卷 . . Pages: 201(181-186). 高等教育 

出版社 . 2006. 7-5636-2235-7. 

本文较全面论述了古脊椎动物修理的技 

术、方法、步骤、设备和工具等 , 同时还讨 

论了一些有创新性的化石修理经验。 

85

2006040322 

从高分辨计算机照相和缺肢类系统发育分析 

得出 Lethiscus stocki 的新信息 = New information 

on Lethiscus stocki (Tetrapoda : Lepospondyli 

: Aistopoda) from high-resolution computed 

tomography and a phylogenetic analysis of 

Aistopoda. ( 英文 ). Anderson J S; Carroll R L; 

Rowe T B. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2003, 40(8): 1071-1083 

High-resolution computed tomography provides 

an alternative to serial sectioning and other 

destructive techniques of studying fossils (data 

available at http://www.DigiMorph.org). This 

technology was used to study the oldest aistopod 

Lethiscus stocki. The fossil is found to have approximately 

30 closely spaced teeth on its maxilla 

and dentary, a short vomer, a palatine running 

nearly the entire length of the maxilla that 

is toothed at least posteriorly, and a choana that 

is located at the premaxilla-maxilla suture. It has 

a lower jaw with a high articlular facet for the 

quadrate condyle; a lateral fossa for the adductor 

musculature, superficially similar to the mammalian 

masseteric fossa; and a sutural pattern 

that closely resembles that of Oestocephalus. 

Previously reported pectoral elements are not 

evident in the scans and may be best interpreted 

as fractures on the surface of the nodule associated 

with sedimentary inclusions. Relationships 

among all relatively complete aistopods were 

analyzed using parsimony. Two most parsimonious 

trees were found, differing in the arrangement 

of the outgroup taxa. Phlegethontia and 

Pseudophlegethontia are found to be sister taxa 

to Coloraderpeton and Oestocephalus, with 

Ophiderpeton and Lethiscus placed as successively 

more distant taxa. This topology renders 

Ophiderpetontidae, as previously conceived, 

paraphyletic. Lethiscus is confirmed to be the 

most basal aistopod. A new classification of Aistopoda 

is presented. This study shows that the 

palatoquadrate of higher aistopods is derived ingroup, 

which is consistent with the trends in aistopods 

of peramorphosis in the endochondral 

skeleton and paedomorphosis in the dermal 

skeleton. 

2006040323 

脊椎动物运动模式生殖者的演化和行为适应 

= Evolution and behavioral adaptation of locomotor 

pattern generators in vertebrates. ( 英文 ). 

Viala D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 5(3/4): 

667-674 

The fundamental evolutionary change in Vertebrate 

locomotion that allowed the transformation 

from aquatic swimming to overground stepping 

was related to a substantial reshaping of 

locomotor rhythm generating circuits located at 

the spinal cord level. The metameric organization 

of rhythm genesis in the lamprey, for example, 

evolved into neuronal pattern-generators 

recentred at C7-T1 and L1-L2 spinal levels that 

are responsible for driving limb locomotor 

movements in quadrupeds such as the rat and 

rabbit. In Mammals, further locomotor adaptations 

such as the hopping hindlimb coordination 

in the rabbit, which is morphologically related to 

hindlimb lengthening, is achieved by a supraspinal 

reconfiguration of the basic alternate coupling 

of the bilateral lumbar locomotor generators 

found in all studied Mammals, including the 

rabbit. In this way therefore, evolution and behavioural 

adaptation of locomotion may involve 

utilisation of different neural mechanisms 

2006040324 

恒温动物骨骼中微细构造的时间记录 : 功能 

关系 = Time recording in bone microstructures 

of endothermic animals; functional relationships. 

( 英文 ). Castanet J. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(3/4): 629-636 

Because they are mineralised, skeletal tissues 

can record and preserve indefinitely in their microstructures 

the expression of various constraints 

and especially the passage of time. Such 

traces of time can be either continuous or periodic 

(growth marks), but when deciphered they 

offer a powerful tool to reconstruct life history 

traits and even ecological conditions of time in 

extant as well as extinct species. Nevertheless, 

the temporal message 'printed' in skeletal tissues 

can be disturbed or even destroyed by various 

causes that need to be understood before this 

'biological chronometer' can be accurately used. 

2006040325 

微体解剖数据与脊椎动物登陆 = Microanatomical 

data and the conquest of land by vertebrates.. 

( 法文 ). Laurin M; Germain D; Steyer J 

S; Girondot M. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 

5(3/4): 603-618 

The compactness profile of femoral crosssections 

and body size of 46 species of lissamphibians 

was studied to assess the relationship 

between lifestyle (aquatic, amphibious or terrestrial) 

and bone compactness. Two tests that incorporate 

phylogenetic information (permutational 

multiple linear regression incorporating 

phylogenetic distances and concentrated changes 

tests) show that the return to an aquatic lifestyle 

is associated with an increase in the compactness 

of the femur and an increase in body size. However, 

amphibious taxa cannot be distinguished 

from terrestrial ones on the only basis of size or 

compactness. Mathematical equations obtained 

from our data using logistic regression with phylogenetic 

weighting are used to infer the lifestyle 

of four early stegocephalians from the Permian 

and the Triassic. The results are generally congruent 

with prevailing palaeontological interpre- 

86

tations, which suggests that this method could be 

applied to infer the lifestyle of early taxa whose 

lifestyle is poorly understood. 

鱼类 

2006040326 

演化分支的早期形态分异中显著的新确认的 

空棘鱼化石 = A newly recognized fossil coelacanth 

highlights the early morphological diversification 

of the clade. ( 英文 ). Friedman M; 

Coates M I. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 

Biological Sciences, 2006, 273(1583): 245 - 250 

Previously considered an actinopterygian or 

an osteichthyan incertae sedis, the Devonian 

(Givetian–Frasnian) Holopterygius nudus is reinterpreted 

as a coelacanth. This genus is among 

the oldest coelacanths known from articulated 

remains, but its eel-like morphology marks a 

considerable departure from the conventional 

coelacanth body plan. A cladistic analysis places 

Holopterygius as the sister taxon of the Carboniferous 

(Serpukhovian) genus Allenypterus. Despite 

the specialized morphology of these genera, 

they occupy a surprisingly basal position in coelacanth 

phylogeny; only Diplocercides and Miguashaia 

are further removed from the crown. A 

morphometric analysis reveals that coelacanths 

were anatomically disparate early in their history. 

Conflicts between this result and those of previous 

studies challenge the adequacy of systematic 

character sets for describing historical patterns 

of morphological variety. Coelacanths have long 

had an iconic place in the study of vertebrate 

evolution for their apparent anatomical conservatism 

over geological time, but Holopterygius 

provides clear evidence for rapid morphological 

evolution early in the history of this clade. 

2006040327 

加拿大高纬度极地鱼化石 : 对晚白垩纪 ( 土 

伦期 - 科尼亚克期 ) 极端温暖气候的进一步古 

生物学证据 = Fossil fishes from the high Canadian 

Arctic: further palaeobiological evidence 

for extreme climatic warmth during the Late 

Cretaceous (Turonian – Coniacian). ( 英文 ). 

Friedman M;Tarduno J A;Brinkman D B. Cretaceous 

Research, 2003, 24(6): 615-632 

Late Cretaceous (Turonian – Coniacian) 

sedimentary rocks of the high Canadian Arctic 

(Axel Heiberg Island) have yielded vertebrate 

fossils suggestive of extreme warmth. In addition 

to champsosaurs and turtles, the assemblage 

also contains fishes. Examination of larger fish 

elements, isolated teeth and scanning electron 

microscope studies of ganoin microstructure 

indicate the presence of lepisosteids, amiids, and 

teleosts. Interestingly, the only other known 

high-latitude occurrences of amiids and lepisosteids, 

fossil or recent, are from intervals of 

extreme warmth during the Tertiary. Examinations 

of the salinity and thermal tolerances of 

extant and fossil representatives of these taxa 

suggest that the Axel Heiberg fishes lived in a 

freshwater environment that was in communication 

with the marine realm. The comparison of 

both the herpetofauna and the ichthyofauna with 

other Cretaceous assemblages reveals similarities 

with those of lower latitude western North 

America, but disparities with an Alaskan assemblage 

thought to have been associated with 

cooler temperatures. These findings are consistent 

with mounting evidence for extreme Arctic 

warmth during Turonian–Coniacian times. 

2006040328 

马达加斯加 Mahajanga 盆地早白垩世软骨鱼 

= Late Cretaceous elasmobranchs from the Mahajanga 

Basin of Madagascar. ( 英文 ). Gottfried 

M D;Rabarison J A. Cretaceous Research, 2001, 

22(4): 491-496 

Recent collecting in the Mahajanga Basin of 

northwestern Madagascar has expanded our 

knowledge of Late Cretaceous elasmobranchs 

from the island. Mahajanga Basin exposures of 

the Upper Maastrichtian Berivotra Formation 

have produced teeth attributable to the following 

taxa: Pristiophorus sp. (Pristiophoriformes, 

Pristiophoridae);Parapalaeobates sp. (Rajiformes, 

Rhinobatidae); cf. Brachyrhizodus sp. (Rajiformes, 

Myliobatoidea);Carcharias sp. (Lamniformes, 

Odontaspididae);Squalicorax kaupi 

and S. pristodontus (Lamniformes, Anacoracidae); 

and Serratolamna serrata, Cretolamna 

appendiculata, and C. maroccana (Lamniformes, 

Cretoxyrhinidae). These taxa have relatively 

cosmopolitan distributions at the end of the Cretaceous: 

collectively, the Berivotra elasmobranchs 

are consistent with late Maastrichtian 

elasmobranch assemblages from North Africa, 

the Middle East, and the USA, supporting a late 

Maastrichtian age assignment for the Berivotra 

Formation. 

2006040329 

西班牙巴斯克 Arratia 峡谷早白垩世一新的 

鲱形类 = A new early Cretaceous clupeomorph 

fish from the Arratia Valley, Basque Country, 

Spain. ( 英文 ). Poyato-Ariza F J;López-Horgue 

M A;Garc í a-Garmilla F. Cretaceous Research, 

2000, 21(4): 571-585 

Fish-bearing beds of early Cretaceous age 

crop out in the Arratia Valley, province of Biscay, 

along the nucleus of the Bilbao Anticlinorium 

in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, northern 

Spain. Teleost fossils have been found in 

several stratigraphic levels, dated as Valanginian–Barremian, 

in the Villaro Member of the 

Villaro Formation. The Villaro Member is a 

87

1100-m-thick succession of black shales, sandstones 

and scattered limestones that represent 

deposition in a shallow lacustrine system periodically 

fed by delta prograding bars and channels. 

Deposition took place in a restricted freshwater–brackish 

environment that was occasionally 

affected by marine incursions. The first new 

taxon from the Arratia Valley, described here, 

isEzkutuberezi carmeni gen. nov., sp. nov., a 

deep-bodied clupeomorph whose autapomorphies 

include: a posterior supramaxilla with a 

long anterior process forming an angle of 90° 

with the main body of the bone; a hypertrophied, 

claw-shaped last dorsal scute; only two epurals; 

and hypural 3 with a submedian longitudinal 

crest. The morphology of the dorsal scutes supports 

its assignment to the paraclupeid subfamily 

Paraclupeinae within the order Ellimmichthyiformes. 

The new taxon is the oldest European 

clupeomorph, and the first articulated vertebrate 

fossil to be described from the Basque- 

Cantabrian Basin. 

2006040330 

中国古生代鱼类微体化石研究二十年 = 20 

Years of the studies of Palaeozoic vertebrate 

microfossils from China. ( 中文 ). 王念忠 . 地层 

学杂志 , 2006, 30(1): 1-10 

回顾二十年来我国古生代鱼类微体化石的 

研究工作 , 该项研究由起步而后成为我国古 

生代鱼类研究工作的一个重要组成部分 , 填 

补了鱼类大化石涉足不到的许多研究领域、 

也填补了我国古生代微体化石研究中脊椎动 

物微体化石 ( 主要指无颌类和鱼类 , 也简称 

为鱼类 ) 这一重要的空白。我国已发现的古 

生代鱼类微体化石产白属于不同相区的 54 个 

岩组中 , 包括无颌类和鱼类共 7 个亚纲的化 

石。对这些鱼类微体化石进行了形态学、古 

组织学、生物矿物学、分类学和系统发育学 

的研究 ; 在此基础上进行了生物年代学、生 

物地层学和界线层型的研究 , 特别是建立了 

志留纪、泥盆纪和石炭纪鱼类微体化石组合 

序列 , 个别成熟的岩段建立了生物带 ; 研究 

了泥盆系一石炭系界线和二叠系一三叠系界 

线上下的鱼类微体化石 ; 长兴煤山二叠纪末 

鱼类的集群绝灭发生的很晚 , 持续的时间很 

短 , 规模很大。绝灭率高达 93%; 华南早三 

叠世鱼类的复苏和辐射相当快 , 从绝灭期到 

辐射期仅用了 1.3Myr 到 4Myr; 塔里木盆地 

中古生代红色岩系应属于一种滨海环境、塔 

塔埃尔塔格组和依木干他乌组含软骨鱼群地 

层的时代为早志留世特里奇期 

(Telychian); 利用贵州和塔里木盆地存在 

相近的软骨鱼群成功地进行了海相一非海相 

对比研究 , 从而判定软骨鱼群中至少存在一 

部分广盐性鲨类 , 两地具相近的软骨鱼群和 

塔里木盆地含有华南中古生代普遍存在的盔 

甲鱼类进一步表明华南板块与塔里木板块在 

中古生代应属于同一个古动物地理区。在综 

述所取得的成果的同时对今后的研究工作进 

行了展望。 

2006040331 

贵州关岭晚三叠世法郎组瓦窑段鱼类化石初 

步观察 = preliminary examination of fish fossils 

from upper triassic wayao member of falang 

formation in guanling of guizhou. ( 中文 ). 刘冠 

邦 ; 尹恭正 ; 罗永明 ; 王雪华 ; 王尚彦 . 古生物学 

报 , 2006, 45(1): 1-20 6 图版 . 

描述了关岭新铺地区晚三叠世法郎组瓦窑 

段中发现的鱼类 5 目 5 科 5 属 5 种和 1 未定 

种 , 其中 1 新属 5 新种 , 它们是 

Guizhoucoelacanthus guanlingensis Liu , Yin 

et Wang S Y gen.et sp.nov.,Birgeria 

guizhouensis Liu , Yin et Luo sp . nov ., 

Birgeria sp.,Pholidopleurus xiaowaensis Liu 

et Yin sp.nov.,Peltopleures brachycephalus Liu 

et Yin sp.nov.,Guizhoueugnathus largus Li,Yin 

et Luo sp.nov.。关岭法郎组瓦窑段鱼类组合 

与邻区兴义晚三叠世法郎组竹杆坡段 ( 卡尼 

早期 ) 鱼类组合明显不同 , 瓦窑段的层位在 

竹杆坡段之上 , 其时代可能为卡尼中期。 

2006040332 

英国威尔士西南部 Powys 地区 Tredomen 采 

石场下老红砂岩鱼痕迹化石 = Fish trails from 

the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Tredomen 

Quarry, Powys, southeast Wales. ( 英文 ). Morrissey 

L B; Braddy S J; Bennett J P; Marriott S B; 

Tarrant P R. Geological Journal, 2004, 39(3/4): 

337-358 

Alluvial deposits of the St Maughans Formation 

(Lower Old Red Sandstone, Early Devonian) 

of Tredomen Quarry, near Brecon, southeast 

Wales, have yielded the oldest known trails of 

swimming fish as well as body fossils of heterostracans 

and osteostracans, their inferred producers. 

Undichna unisulca comprises a single 

sinusoidal wave (of varying amplitude and 

wavelength) and is attributed to the caudal lobe 

or fin of a swimming heterostracan or osteostracan. 

Variation in the dimensions of U. unisulca 

trails, together with functional analysis of their 

inferred producers, suggests different fish sizes 

and swimming speeds. Undichna cf. simplicitas 

shows a more complex arrangement of intertwined 

waves and is interpreted as being produced 

by a combination of the caudal fin, anal 

spine and paired pelvic spines of an acanthodian. 

A new ichnotaxon, Undichna trisulcata isp. nov., 

consists of three isolated furrows arranged in 

parallel with associated pectoral fin imprints, 

and is interpreted as either the trail left by a 

88

'cruising' cephalaspid, intermittently pushing off 

the substrate with its pectoral fins, or a trail 

made by a cephalaspid landing on the substrate. 

The presence of Undichna within these relatively 

proximal fluvial sediments (displaying no 

evidence of marine influence) is indicative of an 

in situ vertebrate freshwater community. Taphonomic 

constraints on Undichna preservation, 

in combination with sedimentological analysis, 

suggest weak bottom currents and/or rapid burial, 

post-trail formation. Arthropod trackways 

(Diplichnites gouldi Types A and B, Protichnites 

isp., and Palmichnium pottsae), a bilobed trail 

(cf. Cruziana), worm burrows (cf. Cochlichnus) 

and large meniscate backfilled burrows (Beaconites 

barretti) contribute invertebrate components 

to this ichnofauna. The association of 

Diplichnites trackways on the same surfaces as 

Undichna supports a semi-aquatic habit of their 

inferred myriapod producers. 

2006040333 

巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州 Aiuruoca 第三纪盆地古 

鱼类动物群 = On the paleoichthyofauna from 

the Aiuruoca Tertiary Basin, Minas Gerais State, 

Brazil. ( 英文 ). Malabarba M C D L. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 515-519 

A new fish fauna from the Tertiary Aiuruoca 

Basin is presented in a preliminar overview. This 

recently reported basin is located in southern 

Minas Gerais State, between the Mantiqueira 

Mountain Range and the south border of the 

Minduri Range, in the Alto Rio Grande Plateau. 

The Aiuruoca Basin is filled up by sediments of 

two formations: Entre-Corregos (lacustrine) and 

Pinheirinho (alluvial fan). The shales of the Entre-Corregos 

Formation are dated as Eocene- 

Oligocene based on palynomorphs. Its fossil 

content also includes plants, insects, amphibians 

and fishes. In a preliminar examination the paleoichthyo-fauna 

includes cichlids (Teleostei, 

Perciformes) and characids (Teleostei, Characiformes), 

most of them complete and articulated. 

Members of these groups are primary freshwater 

fishes corroborating the continental paleoenvironment 

assigned to this formation. First studies 

have demonstrated a close similarity between 

these fish species and those from the Taubate 

Basin. 

2006040334 

阿根廷圣露依斯早白垩世 Lagarcito 组新的鱼 

化石和沉积环境 = New fish remains and sedimentary 

paleoenvironment of the Lagarcito formation 

(Early Cretaceous), San Luis, Argentina. 

( 其他 ). Rivarola D; Codorniu L; Chiappe L; 

Arcucci A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(3): 451-459 

A sedimentological study of the Albian 

(Early Cretaceous) Lagarcito Formation and the 

description of new fish fossils from several 

stratigraphic levels are presented. The recognized 

facies and the facies association are interpreted 

as deposited in a shallow perennial lake, 

and they are subordinately combined with facies 

representing an ephemeral lake with fluvial and 

eolian deposits. The fossil material studied includes 

invertebrate (ostracods, such as Darwinula) 

and vertebrate remains. The vertebrate 

material is preserved in medium grained, reddish 

sandstones, and consists of partially articulated 

fish vertebrae, scales and a fragmentary shoulder 

girdle. These remains are referred to non- 

Halecomorphi Halecostomi, based on the morphology 

of the vertebrae and scales. This is the 

fisrt record of fish material preserved in three 

dimesions in the Lagarcito Formation, in contrast 

to the two dimention previous records from 

the same unit. 

2006040335 

盔甲鱼亚纲 ( 无颌类 ) 的系统发育关系 = 

Phylogenetic relationships of galeaspids 

(agnatha). ( 中文 ). 朱敏 ; 盖志琨 . 古脊椎动物 

学报 , 2006, 44(1): 1-27 

基于对 53 个形态学特征的讨论 , 首次开展 

了无颌类盔甲鱼亚纲的简约性分析 , 获得了 

3 个最简约的分支图 , 其步长为 126, 一致性 

指数为 0.508, 保留指数为 0.801。在此基础 

上 , 修订了盔甲鱼亚纲的分类。研究结果表 

明 , 志留纪兰多维列世至温洛克世的汉阳鱼 

类、修水鱼类和大庸鱼类属于盔甲鱼亚纲的 

基干类群。在其余盔甲鱼类中 , 识别出 3 个 

大的单系类群 , 分别是真盔甲鱼目、多鳃鱼 

目和华南鱼目。在盔甲鱼亚纲中 , 头甲背窗 

的起源至少发生了两次 , 一次在多鳃鱼目支 

系中 , 另一次在华南鱼目支系中。基于背窗 

特征而建立的大窗鱼类并不是一个单系类 

群。盔甲鱼类的年代分布指示该类群的两次 

辐射演化 , 分别是兰多维列世特列奇期基干 

盔甲鱼类和真盔甲鱼目的辐射演化 , 和早泥 

盆世洛霍考夫期多鳃鱼目和华南鱼目的辐射 

演化。 

2006040336 

中国三叠纪鱼类综述 = An overview of Triassic 

fishes from china. ( 中文 ). 金帆 . 古脊椎动物 

学报 , 2006, 44(1): 28-42 

三叠纪鱼类在中国分布广泛。与当时 “ 南 

海北陆 ” 的古地理格局一致 , 淡水鱼类主要 

分布于北方大陆的河湖相盆地 , 但也见于扬 

子板块与北方大陆碰撞后的四川盆地 ; 海生 

鱼类则主要分布于华南和喜马拉雅地区。值 

得注意的是 , 鄂尔多斯盆地已知的三叠纪鱼 

89

类中 , 多数为海生类型或与海生鱼类密切相 

关。中国的淡水三叠纪鱼群主要由原始辐鳍 

鱼类组成 , 它们与西伯利亚和中亚的鱼群最 

为相近 , 但也有与劳亚大陆其他地区及冈瓦 

纳大陆的鱼类相似的属种。海生鱼群则以 

“ 亚全骨鱼类 ” 为主 , 并包含鲱亚部的进步 

类群和真骨鱼类的基干类型。华南扬子区拉 

丁至卡尼早期的鱼群远较早三叠世的鱼群丰 

富 , 且这一时期的鱼群与西特提斯同期的鱼 

群关系已极为密切 , 约有 1/3 的种类可归人 

相同的属。华南中下扬子区很可能是部分后 

来繁盛于特提斯区的三叠纪鱼类的发源地 , 

如龙鱼类。中国的三叠纪鱼类虽然十分丰 

富 , 但大多已知鱼类仅限于零星发现和初步 

报道 , 因而仍有待全面深入的调查研究。 

2006040337 

骨舌鱼超目的系统发育关系 = phylogeny of 

osteoglossomorpha. ( 中文 ). 张江永 . 古脊椎动 

物学报 , 2006, 44(1): 43-59 

通过对中国化石骨舌鱼类及骨舌鱼类现生 

主要类群的比较研究 , 用 PAUP 软件对 31 个 

分类单元的 65 个特征进行了分析 , 得到了 

16 个最简约的分支图 ( 步长为 205, 一致性 

指数为 0.4320, 保留指数为 0.7194)。严 

格合意树显示 , 中国早白垩世的骨舌鱼类 

( 酒泉鱼、狼鳍鱼、固阳鱼、吉南鱼、同心 

鱼、西夏鱼、昆都仑鱼和华夏鱼 ) 主要为骨 

舌鱼超目中不同等级的干群 ; 与一般的观点 

不同 , 始舌齿鱼与蛟河鱼组成了姊妹群关 

系 ; 骨舌鱼目由 Thaumaturus、弓背鱼亚目和 

骨舌鱼亚目组成 ; 弓背鱼类与象鼻鱼类关系 

更近 ;Ostariostoma 为弓背鱼科的姊妹群 ; 副 

狼鳍鱼与 [ 骨舌鱼亚科 + 犁齿鱼亚科 ] 组成了姊 

妹群 , 该姊妹群关系的建立 , 将骨舌鱼科的 

历史延伸到了早白垩世。 

2006040338 

江苏句容早三叠世鱼群的埋藏学和沉积环境 

= Taphonomy and deposit environment of the 

Lower Triassic fish group from Jurong, Jiangsu. 

( 中文 ). 李全国 ; 李建军 . in: 周光召 . 自然科学 

与博物馆研究第 2 卷 . . Pages: 201(87-92). 高 

等教育出版社 . 2006. 7-5636-2235-7. 

本文研究了江苏句容早三叠世含鱼化石结 

核的成因。综合岩性分析和上下沉积序列的 

变化 , 认为含鱼化石结核所处环境属于下 

部、深冷的海水环境。对围岩和含化石结核 

的氧碳稳定同位素测试结果表明 , 含鱼化石 

结核的形成受生物成因影响。 

2006040339 

中国鱼类标本在美国收藏情况调查 = Preliminary 

investigation on Chinese fish specimen 

collection in USA. ( 中文 ). 樊恩源 ; 沈公铭 ; 冯庚 

菲 . in: 周光召 . 自然科学与博物馆研究第 2 

卷 . . Pages: 201(173-180). 高等教育出版社 . 

2006. 7-5636-2235-7. 

作者对美国有关中国鱼类标本的收藏情况 

进行了调查。调查基于互联网进行 , 共选定 

58 个大学和博物馆作为重要调查对象 , 确认 

其中有 15 个机构收藏有 15 335 条中国鱼类标 

本记录 , 上述标本收藏记录均通过互联网进 

行了共享。本文同时简要介绍了中国鱼类标 

本的收藏情况 , 并讨论了鱼类标本收藏在鱼 

类生物多样性保护研究中的价值。 

2006040340 

陕西横山晚三叠世鱼类游泳遗迹化石新材料 

= New evidences of Late Triassic fish swimming 

traces in Hengshan County, Shaanxi Province, 

China. ( 中文 ). 卢宗盛 ; 郝朝坤 ; 陈斌 ; 李小艳 . 古 

生物学报 , 2003, 42(2): 266-276 3 图版 . 

在多次赴化石产地陕西横山县进行大规模 

化石发掘后 , 获得一批完整精美的遗迹标 

本 , 为其中鱼类游泳遗迹化石标本建立了新 

种 Undichna prava, 并重新修订 U. britannica, 

U. tricosta 两种的特征 , 通过遗迹形态恢复鱼 

体长度为 50—96cm, 普遍大于以往描述的国 

内外据遗迹标本恢复的鱼体长度。 

2006040341 

贵州兴义晚三叠世贵州龙层新发现的鱼类 = 

New discovered fishes from Kelchousaurus 

bearing horizon of Late Triassic in Xingyi of 

Guizhou. ( 中文 ). 刘冠邦 ; 尹恭正 ; 王雪华 ; 罗永 

明 ; 王尚彦 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 42(3): 346-366 7 

图版 . 

描述贵州兴义地区贵州龙层中新发现的鱼 

类 4 新属、4 新种和一件新材料 , 它们是小鳞 

贵州鳕 ( 新属、新种 )Guizhouniscus microlepidus 

Liu gen.et sp. nov., 小短体鱼 ( 新属、 

新种 )Brachysomus minor Liu gen. et sp. nov., 

秀丽兴义鱼 ( 新属、新种 )Xingyia gracilis Liu 

gen. et sp. nov., 臀鳞贵州真颌鱼 ( 新属、新 

种 )Guizhouella analilepida Liu gen . et 

sp.nov., 和优美贵州弓鳍鱼 Guizhouamia 

bellula Liu et al.,2002 的一件新材料。新的 

发现和研究表明这是一个颇具特色的晚三叠 

世早期鱼群。文章还简要讨论各新属新种的 

系统分类位置和该鱼群在整个鱼类进化中的 

地位 , 着重论述贵州弓鳍鱼 Guizhouamia 的 

进化意义及弓鳍鱼科的系统发育问题。根据 

鱼群的特征贵州龙层的地质时代为晚三叠 

世。 

2006040342 

东非始新世火山口湖鲇鱼一新种 = A new 

species of catfish (Claroteidae, Chrysichthys) 

90

from an Eocene crater lake in East Africa. ( 英 

文 ). Murray A M; Budney L A. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2003, 40(7): 983-993 

Several specimens of a fossil catfish, collected 

from the Eocene Mahenge site of Tanzania, are 

identified as a member of Chrysichthys (Claroteidae) 

based on several features, including long, 

thick pectoral and dorsal spines and the presence 

of nasal barbels. The fossil fish is described as a 

new species based on unique characters (e.g., 20 

principal caudal fin rays). The fossil record of 

Siluriformes in Africa includes few articulated 

skeletons; isolated spines or crania are more 

common. Although several African Eocene catfish 

crania previously have been described in 

their own genera, the Mahenge specimens preserve 

details that indicate their relationship to the 

living genus Chrysichthys, and therefore the new 

species is included in that genus instead of being 

given its own. Previously, the oldest record for 

Chrysichthys was from the Pliocene; these 

specimens extend the range of Chrysichthys 

back to the Eocene. The Mahenge locality itself 

is significant because it contributes knowledge 

of the poorly known sub-Saharan Eocene fauna 

and flora. 

2006040343 

坦桑尼亚始新世一个新的 characiform 型鱼 

类化石 = A new characiform fish (Teleostei : 

Ostariophysi) from the Eocene of Tanzania. ( 英 

文 ). Murray A M. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2003, 40(4): 473-481 

Four specimens of a small fossil fish were collected 

from the Eocene Mahenge site of Tanzania. 

The specimens, preserved as part and counterpart 

natural moulds, are identified, predominantly 

based on the structure of the caudal skeleton, 

as members of the Characiformes, probably 

the sister group to the living African Alestidae. 

The area just behind the skull, in the two specimens 

that include this area, is distorted, and 

therefore it is difficult to identify the bones of 

the Weberian apparatus, although that structure 

does appear to be present. The fossil record of 

characiforms includes few articulated skeletons, 

with only one other African species previously 

reported from much younger deposits. The new 

specimens from Mahenge are described here as a 

new genus and species, Mahengecharax carrolli. 

the Grampians, Victoria. ( 英文 ). Burrow C J. 

Alcheringa, 2003, 27(1/2): 37-49 

Gnathostome vertebrate remains from finegrained 

sandstones of the Silverband Formation 

in the Grampians, Victoria include dissociated 

fin spines, scales and teeth. These elements arc 

assigned herein to the acanthodians Sinacanthus? 

micracanthus (fin spines) and Radioporacanthodes 

sp. cf. R. qujingensis (scales and tooth 

whorls). This fauna indicates a Late Silurian 

(?late Ludlow) age for the vertebrate-beating 

Stratum. 

Under current systematic groupings, the two 

gnathostome taxa from the Silverband Formation 

belong to two different families, the Sinacanthidae 

and the Poracanthodidae. However. the preserved 

association could indicate that the three 

element types derived from the same biological 

species. The possibility that the Sinacanthidae is 

a sister group to the Climatiidae and the Poracanthodidae 

is raised by this scenario. The Sinacanthidae 

is tentatively reassigned to the 

Acanthodii, as it is considered to lack diagnostic 

chondrichthyan characters. 

2006040345 

澳大利亚北部巴瑟斯特岛晚白垩世塞诺曼期 

鲨鱼鳞片 = Selachian scales from the Cenomanian 

(Late Cretaceous) of Bathurst Island, northern 

Australia. ( 英文 ). Campbell R J. Alcheringa, 

2003, 27(1/2): 93-105 

Seven selachian scale types are described 

from the middle Cenomanian Moonkinu Formation, 

outcropping on the southern shores of 

Bathurst Island in northern Australia. The scales 

are classified in accordance with previously published 

scale morphologies of Cretaceous and 

modern sharks, and are representative of the 

Orders Squatiniformes (Family Squatinidae), 

Carcharhiniformes (Family Scyliorhinidae), and 

Lamniformes (Family Odontaspididae). The 

presence of typically bottom-dwelling, shallowwater 

angelsharks (squatinids), catsharks (scyliorhinids), 

and sand tiger sharks (odontaspidids) 

within the Moonkinu Formation support an inner 

neritic depositional environment interpretation 

for the unit, previously determined from foraminiferal 

biofacies and lithology. The biostratigraphic 

potential of these scales can only be 

assessed after scales from more Cretaceous localities 

are described and documented. 

2006040344 

澳大利亚维多利亚 Grampians 中古生代 

Silverband 组有颌类动物群的重新描述 = 

Redescription of the gnathostome fish fauna 

from the mid-Palaeozoic Silverband Formation, 

2006040346 

关于肺鱼颚板和齿板的牙齿及骨骼病理学 = 

Dental and skeletal pathology in lungfish jaws 

and tooth plates. ( 英文 ). Kemp A. Alcheringa, 

2003, 27(1/2): 155-170 

91

Many lungfish of the tooth plated lineage, 

both fossil and living, are affected by dental and 

skeletal pathologies including dental caries, abscesses 

and cysts within the bone or tooth plate, 

osteopenia, bone hypertrophy, and malocclusion. 

These conditions, while influenced in part by 

structural relationships of soft and hard tissues in 

the tooth plates, jaw bones and surrounding oral 

tissues, can also be used as indicators of the kind 

of environment inhabited by the fish. The disease 

processes have specific structural consequences, 

related either to the pathology or to 

attempts to heal the damage, and usually alter 

the form and function of the tooth plate or bone. 

Consequently they can be distinguished from 

postmortem diagenetic or taphonomic effects, 

which alter the structure in less specific ways 

and show no sign of healing. Dental caries, the 

most common pathological condition in dipnoan 

dentitions, is recognisable in lungfish from the 

Devonian of Western Australia, the Tertiary of 

South Australia and the Northern Territory and 

from living lungfish in south east Queensland. 

Other pathologies have a more sporadic occurrence. 

2006040347 

希腊加夫佐斯岛蒸发前 Messinian 期的一新 

的海相鱼动物群 = A new marine fish fauna 

from the pre-evaporitic Messinian of Gavdos 

Island (Greece). ( 英文 ). Gaudant J; Tsaparas N; 

Antonarakou A; Drinia H; Saint-Martin S; Dermitzakis 

M D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 

5(6): 795-802 

The occurrence of fossil fishes in the Messinian 

diatomites of Gavdos Island (Greece) was 

recently observed. This fish fauna is dominated 

by the Myctophids, which constitute more than 

two thirds of the collected material. Among 

them, Myetophum (s. 1.) licatae (Sauvage) is by 

far the most abundant, with more than 50% of 

the specimens. Although the mesopelagic components 

are overwhelmingly dominant, 

epipelagic fishes, like Syngnathus cf. albyi Sauvage, 

are also present. The composition of this 

fish fauna is indicative of a sedimentation influenced 

by the action of upwelling currents, an 

interpretation that is also suggested by the composition 

of the diatom flora. 

两栖类 

2006040348 

中国早白垩世蜥蜴 Dalinghosaurus = The 

Early Cretaceous lizard Dalinghosaurus from 

China. ( 英文 ). Evans S E; Wang Yuan. Acta 

palaeontologica Polonica, 2005, 50(4): 725-742 

Dalinghosaurus from the Yixian Formation of 

Liaoning, China, was originally described on the 

basis of a partial postcranial skeleton characterised 

by extremely long slender hind feet and a 

long tail. The skull has remained unknown and 

the systematic position is undetermined. Here we 

describe the skeletal anatomy of this lizard in 

detail based on a series of new specimens in the 

collections of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology 

and Paleoanthropology, Beijing. Phylogenetic 

analysis using three different data sets 

provides some support for that interpretation. 

The postcranial skeleton is characterised by long 

hind limbs and short forelimbs, but the delicacy 

of the long pes and the slender claws suggest this 

animal may have been a climber rather than a 

facultative bipedal runner. 

2006040349 

对古老蛙类的新观察 : 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚侏 

罗纪 Notobatrachus 属 = A new look at an old 

frog: the Jurassic Notobatrachus Reig from 

Patagonia. ( 英文 ). Baez A M; Nicoli L. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 257-270 

About 100 specimens of the stem-anuran 

Notobatrachus degiustoi, from several localities 

of the Middle-Late Jurassic La Matilde Formation 

of southern Patagonia, were examined. This 

was aimed at clarifying numerous controversial 

aspects of its anatomy and executing an updated 

restoration of its skeleton, presented herein. Additionally, 

the few available immature specimens 

provide some data on the osteogenesis of this 

evolutionarily significant taxon. This study also 

revealed variation in the morphology of the adult 

sacral region, this Variation being more evident 

among the specimens from one of the localities. 

2006040350 

中国化石两栖类和有鳞类研究进展 : 过去 15 

年回顾 = Advances in the study of fossil amphibians 

and squamates from China: the past 

fifteen years. ( 中文 ). 王原 ; 苏珊 ·E· 埃文斯 . 

古脊椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(1): 60-73 

过去 15 年中 , 我国的化石两栖类和有鳞类 

研究取得了加速进展。共报道了 16 种两栖类 

和 22 种有鳞类 , 其中 15 种两栖类和 11 种有 

鳞类为新种 , 包括我国最古老的四足动物宁 

夏晚泥盆世的潘氏中国螈 , 湖北中三叠世的 

大型全椎两栖类宽头远安鲵 , 东北晚侏罗世 

/ 早白垩世的多种滑体两栖类 ( 如无尾类三 

燕丽蟾和北票中蟾 , 有尾类奇异热河螈和东 

方塘螈 ), 华北古近纪的蜥蜴类 ( 如淅川短 

齿蜥和垣曲响蜥 ), 以及内蒙古晚白垩世的 

多种蜥蜴类等。部分旧属种被修订 , 多与热 

河生物群的种类有关 , 如细小矢部龙过去依 

据幼年个体被认为是一种小型细弱的蜥蜴 , 

新材料显示它实为大型强壮的种类。一批新 

的两栖类和有鳞类重要化石点被发现 , 如辽 

宁北票市四合屯、陆家屯和葫芦岛市水口 

92

子 , 河北丰宁县炮仗沟以及内蒙古宁城县道 

虎沟和乌拉特后旗巴彦满达呼。我国晚侏罗 

世 / 早白垩世两栖类和有鳞类对研究滑体两 

栖类和有鳞类相关类群的起源和早期演化提 

供了重要信息 , 但系统发育研究工作尚处于 

初级阶段。 

2006040351 

英国泰恩和威尔上石炭统一个新的巴螈化石 

及四足类枕部的演化 = A new baphetid (stem 

tetrapod) from the Upper Carboniferous of Tyne 

and Wear, UK, and the evolution of the tetrapod 

occiput. ( 英文 ). Clack J A. Canadian Journal of 

Earth Sciences, 2003, 40(4): 483-498 

A new genus and species of baphetid, Kyrinion 

martilli, is described from the Westphalian A 

(Upper Carboniferous) of Tyne and Wear, England. 

The skull, braincase, and partial lower jaws 

are preserved in a nodule of iron-rich seat-earth, 

in an almost uncrushed state. The occiput and 

both stapes are in place. The palate and braincase 

are united by a continuous sheet of denticulated 

pterygoid and parasphenoid eliminating the 

interpterygoid vacuities completely, and the 

parasphenoid bounds deep parasphenoidal tubera; 

the marginal palatal bones, pterygoid, and dentary 

are united by interdigitated sutures, rendering 

the whole skull akinetic. The orbits are approximately 

triangular, without the "pinching in" 

that defines an antorbital embayment in other 

baphetids. The maxilla has a very narrow exposure 

beneath and posterior to the orbit, and 

though it and the lacrimal lack lateral line 

grooves, there is a short stretch on the quadratojugal. 

Unlike Megalocephalus, the lower jaw 

symphysis is relatively simple and does not bear 

a "brassicate" structure and the parasymphysial 

plate lacks teeth. The stapes is broad and flat 

distally, with its distal end lying against the palatal 

bones as in other early tetrapods, but it is difficult 

to envisage a structural role for this element 

as suggested by recent hypotheses. The 

basi- and exoccipitals co-ossified as in some 

specimens of Greererpeton and Acanthostega, 

but unlike the latter, the condyle is almost fully 

ossified. The exoccipitals do not contact the 

skull roof as they do in temnospondyls, but fully 

ossified paroccipital processes suture with the 

tabulars, a feature suggested as synapomorphous 

for baphetids plus temnospondyls. The specimen 

also preserves a rib, possibly but not certainly 

cervical, and an atlas arch. The proatlantes of 

Loxomma are descibed and figured. 

2006040352 

美国俄克拉何马理查茨斯菩尔下二叠统一新 

的鳞鲵类 = A new microsaur (Tetrapoda : Lepospondyli) 

from the Lower Permian of Richards 

Spur (Fort Sill), Oklahoma. ( 英文 ). Anderson 

J S; Reisz R R. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2003, 40(4): 499-505 

Bolterpeton carrolli n.gen. n.sp. is described 

from the Lower Permian fissure-fill deposits of 

Richards Spur, Oklahoma. Bolterpeton is united 

with the gymnarthrid microsaur Cardiocephalus 

by having teeth compressed labiolingually, a 

narrow anterior process of the prearticular penetrating 

the splenial, and the arrangement of the 

contacts among the splenial, prearticular, and 

coronoids. It is united with both Cardiocephalus 

and Euryodus by the size and distribution of the 

coronoid teeth and the presence of longitudinal 

striations of enamel on the lingual tooth surface. 

Unlike those two genera Bolterpeton has peglike 

teeth, but it remains unknown whether this 

represents the primitive condition or a reversal 

of the massive conical teeth typical of gynmarthrids. 

Bolterpeton possesses a flat lamina that 

runs along the lingual surface of the tooth margin. 

Where two laminae meet at the point of the 

tooth a labiolingual ridge is formed, which is 

most pronounced at smaller sizes. Reexamination 

of Cardiocephalus shows it to have the 

same morphology on its "incisors." Previous 

authors have defined teeth bearing this ridge as 

"weakly bicuspid." If this ridge were homologous 

with the "strongly bicuspid" condition of 

lissamphibians, Bolterpeton would provide the 

first example of this tooth morphology in lepospondyls 

and would strengthen recent hypotheses 

suggesting lepospondyls gave rise to some, if 

not all, modern amphibians. 

2006040353 

美国伊里诺斯宾西法尼亚系小型的离片椎类 

= A diminutive temnospondyl amphibian from 

the Pennsylvanian of Illinois. ( 英文 ). Godfrey S. 


40(4): 507-514 

A siderite concretion from the Middle Pennsylvanian, 

Francis Creek Shale (Carbondale 

Formation, Desmoinesian Series, Westphalian 

C), in the Mazon Creek area, Will-Kankakee 

counties, Illinois, U.S.A., preserves a hitherto 

unknown temnospondyl amphibian. The natural 

mold of the dorsoventrally compressed skeleton 

(total preserved length of the larva is 38.5 mm 

(similar to1.5 inches)), includes a proportionately 

large skull, hyobranchial denticles, ossified 

portions of the axial skeleton, elements of both 

the pectoral and pelvic limbs, and endocasts of 

segments of the digestive system. Differential 

staining of the entombing matrix outlines gill 

filaments, portions of the body wall, and apparently 

most of the length of the tail. Although this 

single specimen probably represents a new taxon, 

too few diagnostic characters are displayed by 

the larva to name a new species. Large in- 

93

terpterygoid vacuities support its inclusion in the 

Temnospondyli. Vomers contributing to the 

formation of the anterior margin of these vacuities 

place this taxon above the edopoid grade of 

organization. Furthermore, a very wide cultriform 

process of the parasphenoid places this 

taxon above dendrerpetontids. Specific characters 

that would ally this taxon with any known 

family have not been identified. 

爬行类 

2006040354 

盾甲类恐龙盾片的演化和功能及其对理解剑 

龙脊板功能的启示 = The evolution and function 

of thyreophoran dinosaur scutes: implications 

for plate function in stegosaurs. ( 英文 ). 

Main R P; de Ricqlès A; Horner J R; Padian K. 

Paleobiology, 2005, 31(2): 291–314 

The evolution of scutes in thyreophoran dinosaurs, 

based on Scutellosaurus, Scelidosaurus, 

Stegosaurus, and several ankylosaurs, began 

with small rounded or ovoid structures that typically 

had slight, anteroposteriorly oriented keels. 

These scutes were elaborated in two general and 

overlapping ways: they could flare laterally and 

asymmetrically beneath the keels that mark the 

anteroposterior axis, and they could be hypertrophied 

in their distal growth to produce plates, 

spikes, and other kinds of ornamentation. Stegosaurus 

plates and spikes are thus primarily hypertrophied 

keels of primitive thyreophoran 

scutes, sometimes with elaboration of dermal 

bone around their pustulate bases. Histologically, 

most thyreophoran scute tissues comprise secondary 

trabecular medullary bone that is sandwiched 

between layers of compact primary bone. 

Some scutes partly or mostly comprise anatomically 

metaplastic bone, that is, ossified fibrous 

tissue that shows incremental growth. 

The “plumbing” of Stegosaurus plates was 

not apparently built to support a “radiator” 

system of internal blood vessels that communicated 

with the outside of the plates and coursed 

along their external surfaces to return heated or 

cooled blood to the body core. Possibly a purely 

external system supported this function but there 

is no independent evidence for it. On the other 

hand, many of the vascular features in stegosaurian 

plates and spikes reflect bautechnisches 

artifacts of growth and production of bone. Surface 

vascular features likely supported bone 

growth and remodeling, as well as the blood 

supply to a keratinous covering. When the gross 

and microstructural features of the plates and 

spikes are viewed in phylogenetic context, no 

clear pattern of thermoregulatory function 

emerges, though an accessory role cannot be 

eliminated in certain individual species. It seems 

more likely, as in other groups of dinosaurs, that 

the variation of dermal armor form in stegosaurs 

was primarily linked to species individuation 

and recognition, perhaps secondarily to interand 

intraspecific display, and rarely to facultative 

thermoregulation. 

2006040355 

美国怀俄明州 Albany 城区上三叠统甲龙 

Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 的重新描述 = 

Redescription of Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum, 

a polacanthid ankylosaur from th Upper Jurassic 

of Albany County, Wyoming. ( 英文 ). Kilbourne 

B; Carpenter K. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 

Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2005, 237(1): 

111-160 

Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum is described in 

detail for the first time. The partial skeleton indicates 

a small individual about 3-3.5 m long. Distinguishing 

features include a skull longer than 

wide, with laterally facing nostrils and large 

postorbital horns slightly overlapping onto the 

squamosal and a known armor pattern, as the 

armor was preserved in situ. Many features present 

in Gargoyleosaurus are also found in other 

polacanthids. Thile controversy surrounds the 

phylogenetic relationships ammongst the polacanthids, 

it would appear that these taxa are 

closely related by the number of shared affinites. 

2006040356 

巴西 Santanna 组一新的兽脚类及恐龙的生态 

学、系统学和生物地理学关系 = Ecology, 

Systematics and Biogeographical Relationships 

of Dinosaurs, Including a New Theropod, from 

the Santana Formation (?Albian, Early Cretaceous) 

of Brazil. ( 英文 ). Naish D; Martill D M; 

Frey E.. Historical Biology, 2004, 16(2-4): 57- 

70 

Although rare, dinosaurs are well preserved in 

calcareous nodules of the Santana Formation 

(Early Cretaceous, ?Albian) of the Araripe Basin, 

in northeastern Brazil. So far, including only a 

spinosauroid and three coelurosaurs, the dinosaur 

fauna appears depauperate. High theropod 

diversity in assemblages where other dinosaurs 

are rare or absent is not unique to the Santana 

Formation. It is seen also in several other assemblages, 

including Solnhofen and the Maevarano 

Formation of Madagascar. We consider several 

factors, including the occurrence of intraguild 

predation, the possibility that small theropods 

could subsist in marginal environments, and reliance 

on coastal resources, that may have been 

responsible for this apparent ecological imbalance. 

A new coelurosaur from the Santana Formation, 

here formally named Mirischia asymmetrica, 

is shown to be distinct from Santanaraptor 

placidus [Kellner, A.W.A. (1999) "Short 

94

note on a new dinosaur (Theropoda, Coelurosauria) 

from the Santana Formation (Romualdo 

Member, Albian) northeastern Brazil", Boletim 

do Museu Nacional, Nova Serie, Rio de Janeiro, 

Brasil 49, 1-8]. Other theropods from the 

Santana Formation are briefly reviewed. Mirischia 

is a compsognathid, more similar to the 

European Compsognathus than to the Asian Sinosauropteryx. 

2006040357 

巨物和怪物 : 南美南部白垩纪恐龙的身体大 

小 = Giants and Bizarres: Body Size of Some 

Southern South American Cretaceous Dinosaurs. 

( 英文 ). Mazzetta G; Christiansen P; Fariña R A.. 

Historical Biology, 2004, 16(2-4): 71-83 

Body masses of some South American dinosaurs 

are estimated. The sauropod Argentinosaurus 

huinculensis reached 73 tonnes, and therefore, 

is the largest of all land animals whose 

mass has been rigorously obtained. Another 

sauropod, Antarctosaurus giganteus, was the 

second largest, at nearly 69 tonnes, while Antarctosaurus 

wichmannianus reached 34 tonnes. 

A third sauropod, the bizarre-looking Amargasaurus 

cazaui, was much smaller, with a body 

mass of only 2.5 tonnes. Among theropods, the 

body mass of the strangely looking, horned Carnotaurus 

sastrei, was volumetrically estimated at 

1.5 tonnes, while allometric equations on limb 

measurements yielded overestimations. Moreover, 

the holotype specimen of Giganotosaurus 

carolinii (MUCPv-CH-1) was about as large as 

the average-sized Tyrannosaurus rex, and only 

marginally smaller than "Sue", the largest 

specimen. However, a new dentary of Giganotosaurus 

(MUCPv-95) is 8% longer than that of 

the holotype. Assuming geometric similarity, 

that individual must have had a body mass above 

8 tonnes and hence must have been the largest 

theropod ever found. 

2006040358 

关于湿季草原和冈瓦纳脊椎动物的观察。第 

六部分 : 坦桑尼亚 Ruhuhu 盆地上二叠统一 

新的二齿兽类 = Observations on Karoo and 

Gondwana vertebrates. Part 6. A new rhachiocephalid 

dicynodont (Therapsida) from the Upper 

Permian of the Ruhuhu Basin (Tanzania). 

( 英文 ). Maisch M W. Neues Jahrbuch fur 

Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2005, 

237(3): 313-355 

A new species of the dicynodont genus Rhachiocephalus, 

R. behemoth is described on the 

basis of a nearly complete, well preserved skull 

from the Upper Permian Kawinga Formation of 

Kingori in the Ruhuhu Basin, SW Tanzania. It is 

distinguished from the type species of the genus, 

R. magnus, by a suite of 15 cranial features including 

the shape and size of the caniniform 

processes, the morphology of the nasal bosses, 

the morphology of the pterygoids, the shape of 

the paroccipital processes and the degree of ossification 

and anatomy of parts of the brain case. R. 

behemoth resembles the South African rhachiocephalid 

genus Kitchinganomodon in some of 

these features, particularly in its size and robust 

morphology. Because Kitchinganomodon is not 

known from East Africa it appears possible that 

it was ecologically replaced in that area by R. 

behemoth. 

2006040359 

晚三叠世假鳄类 Revueltosaurus callenderi 及 

其对早鸟臀类恐龙的分异意义 = The Late 

Triassic pseudosuchian Revueltosaurus callenderi 

and its implications for the diversity of early 

ornithischian dinosaurs. ( 英文 ). Parker W G; 

Irmis R B; Nesbitt S J; Martz J W; Browne L S. 

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2005, 272(1566): 963 - 969 

A new discovery of skeletons of Revueltosaurus 

callenderi from the Upper Triassic Chinle 

Formation of Petrified Forest National Park, 

Arizona clearly shows that Revueltosaurus is not 

an ornithischian dinosaur as previously supposed. 

Features such as the presence of a postfrontal, 

crocodile-normal ankle and paramedian osteoderms 

with anterior bars place R. callenderi 

within the Pseudosuchia, closer to crocodylomorphs 

than to dinosaurs. Therefore, dental 

characters previously used to place Revueltosaurus 

within the Ornithischia evolved convergently 

among other archosaur taxa, and cannot be used 

to diagnose ornithischian dinosaur teeth. As a 

result, all other putative North American Late 

Triassic ornithischians, which are all based exclusively 

on teeth, are cast into doubt. The only 

reasonably well-confirmed Late Triassic ornithischians 

worldwide are Pisanosaurus mertii 

and an unnamed heterodontosaurid from Argentina. 

This considerably changes the understanding 

of early dinosaur diversity, distribution and 

evolution in the Late Triassic. 

2006040360 

结合电脑照相研究兽足类恐龙 Ceratosaurus 

的内颅骨 = The endocranium of the theropod 

dinosaur Ceratosaurus studied with computed 

tomography. ( 英文 ). Sanders R K; Smith D K. 


601-616 

A well preserved spedimen of the theropod 

Ceratosaurus from the Upper Jurassic Morrison 

Formation of western Colorado was recently 

described and given the name C. magnicornis. 

The systematics of the genus is outside the 

scope of the present study but, as a generally 

95

accepted basal tetanuran, the braincase was CT 

scanned to provide a description of the endocranium, 

inner ear, pneumatic, and venous sinus 

systems in a primitive member of this clade. 

Five major subregions of the theropod endocranium 

are distinguished for the purose of simpligying 

cranial computed tomographic interpretation 

and to provide a systematic means of comparison 

to other endocrania. 

2006040361 

一种树栖的晚三叠世 Trilophosaurus = The 

Late Triassic archosauromorph Trilophosaurus 

as an arboreal climber.. ( 英文 ). Spielmann J A; 

Heckert A B; Lucas S G. Revista Espanola de 

paleontologia, 2005, 111(3): 395-412 

Two species of the unusual archosauromorph 

Trilophosaurus, T. buettneri Case and T. jacobsi 

Murry, are known from diverse localities in the 

Upper Triassic Chinle Group in the southwestern 

USA. Both species likely occupied similar ecological 

niches, based on morphological similarities 

in the postcrania, which are essentially identical. 

Trilophosaurus occurrences in the Chinle 

Group are relatively rare, but individual sites are 

exceptionally rich, suggesting that Trilophosaurus 

lived in a different paleoenvironment than 

more typical Chinle vertebrates, which lived in 

or near streams (phytosaurs, metoposaurs) or on 

floodplains (aetosaurs, rauisuchians, and dinosaurs). 

Two potential interpretations are that 

Trilophosaurus was either an arboreal climber or 

a fossorial digger. However, the gross skeletal 

features of Trilophosaurus are not compatible 

with a fossorial mode of life: the limbs are too 

long and gracile, proximal limb elements are 

longer than distal ones, and the claws are laterally 

compressed, not transversely broadened. 

The intermittent study of Trilophosaurus has 

caused the theory of it being arboreal, originally 

proposed by Gregory, to receive little mention in 

subsequent studies. We reexamined the functional 

morphology of Trilophosaurus using a 

qualitative functional morphological analysis of 

the skeleton, a quantitative examination of claw 

curvature, and a quantitative examination of manus/trunk 

and pes/trunk ratios. Claw morphology 

of Trilophosaurus shows similarities to the arboreal 

drepanosaurs Drepanosaurus and Megalancosaurus. 

Our analysis provides ample evidence 

to suggest that Trilophosaurus was arboreal. 

2006040362 

美国蒙大拿州上侏罗统 Morrison 组一新的 

diplodocoid 类 = A new diplodocoid sauropod 

dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation 

of Mantana, USA. ( 英文 ). Harris J D; 

Dodson P. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2004, 

49(2): 197-210 

A partial skeleton of a new sauropod dinosaur 

from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of 

Mantana is described. Suuwassea emilieae gen. 

et sp. nov. is diagnosed by numerous cranial, 

axial, and appendicular autapomorphies. The 

holotype consists of a premaxilla, partial maxilla, 

quadrate, braincase with partial skull roof, several 

partial and complete cranial and middle cervical, 

cranial dorsas, and saudal vertebrae, ribs, 

complete scapulocoracoid, humerus, partial tibia, 

complete fibula, calcaneus, and partial pes. Preliminary 

phylogenetic analysis indicates that 

Suuwassea is a diplodocoid more derived than 

rebbachisaurids but in a trichotomy with both the 

Diplodocidae and Dicraeosauridae. 

2006040363 

葡萄牙 Guimarota 地区晚侏罗世 

(Kimmeridgian 阶 )Theriosuchus 属 

(Atoposauridae, Crocodylomorpha) 一新种 = 

A new species of Theriosuchus (Atoposauridae, 

Crocodylomorpha) from the Late Jurassic 

(Kimmeridgian) of Guimarota, Portugal. ( 英文 ). 

Schwarz D; Salisbury S W. Geologia 

Croatica, 2005, 38(6): 779-802 

A new species of an atoposaurid crocodilian, 

Theriosuchus guimarotae, is described from the 

Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Portugal. 

Theriosuchus guimarotae can be distinguished 

from other species of Theriosuchus by a lateral 

surface of squamosal bevelled ventrally; a 

rounded, caudally projecting and dorsally sculptured 

caudolateral corner of the squamosal; a 

premaxillomaxillary suture aligned caudomedially 

in dorsal aspect; a minimum space between 

the supratemporal foramina that comprises 

one third of the total width of the cranial 

table; a minimum width of the frontal between 

the orbits that comprises one third of the maximum 

width of the skull at the orbits; a dentition 

that comprises only pseudocaniniform and 

lanceolate-shaped teeth; the presence of an external 

mandibular fenestra and all vertebral bodies 

amphicoelous. Its osteology also sheds light 

on the diagnosis of Theriosuchus within Atoposauridae. 

The material additionally includes 

specimens representative of several ontogenetic 

stages, each of which is discussed here. With its 

Late Jurassic age, T. guimarotae represents the 

oldest well-preserved material of Theriosuchus 

and reveals further knowledge about the palaeobiogeography 

of the genus in western Europe. 

2006040364 

欧洲沧龙 Clidastes 的首次记录及其古地理意 

义 = The first record of the mosasaur Clidastes 

from Europe and its palaeogeographical implications. 

( 英文 ). Lindgren J; Siverson M. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2004, 49(2): 219-234 

96

Remains of the mosasaur Clidastes propython 

in marine strata of latest early Campanian age 

from the Kristianstad Basin, southern Sweden, 

represent the first record of Clidastes outside of 

North Ameria. The material consists of shed 

marginal and pterygoid tooth-crowns, and vertebrae 

(including eleven associated cervicals and 

dorsals from a juventile). The majority of the 

teeth and skeletal elements can be referred to 

juveniles (mostly in the estimated 2-3 m total 

body length range), but large, presumably adult 

individuals (up to an estimated total length of 6 

m) are also represented. Within the Kristianstad 

Basin area, Clidastes occurs in high-energy, 

shallow water deposits, where it is the most 

common mosasaur. This finding is in stark contrast 

to recent publications suggesting that Clidastes 

inhabited mainly off-shore, deeper waters. 

2006040365 

关于 Lisboasaurus mitracostatus 的一新属名 

Lusitanisuchus, 及对葡萄牙上侏罗统基米里 

阶和下白垩统新化石描述 = Lusitanisuchus, a 

new generic name for Lisboasaurus mitracostatus 

(Crocodylomorpha : Mesoeucrocodylia), 

with a description of new remains from the Upper 

Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) and Lower Cretaceous 

(Berriasian) of Portugal. ( 英文 ). Schwarz 

D, Fechner R. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2004, 41(10): 1259-1271 

Lusitanisuchus mitracostatus is a small 

mesoeucrocodilian crocodylomorph from the 

Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Guimarota- 

Leiria in Portugal, which was originally described 

as an anguimorph lizard (Lisboasaurus 

mitracostatus Seiffert, 1970) based on jaw fragments 

and isolated teeth. A recent reexamination 

of the crocodylomorph material of Guimarota 

yielded new skull and dentary remains assignable 

to Lusitanisuchus mitracostatus. The new 

skull material not only enables for the first time 

a skull reconstruction of this taxon, but also 

leads to renaming and reclassifying Lisboasaurus 

mitracostatus. Teeth of Lusitanisuchus are 

also reported from the locality Porto Dinheiro- 

Lourinha, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) of Portugal. 

The presence of this crocodylomorph 

taxon in two Portuguese localities suggests its 

occurence in the Lusitanian Basin during the 

Kimmeridgian to the Berriasian. 

2006040366 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚 Neuquén 的 Lohan Cura 

组 ( 阿普第阶 , 下白垩统 ) 一个新的雷龙 

Ligabuesaurus leanzai gen. et sp. nov. = Ligabuesaurus 

leanzai gen. et sp. nov. (Dinosauria, 

Sauropoda), a new titanosaur from the Lohan 

Cura Formation (Aptian, Lower Cretaceous) of 

Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Bonaparte 

J F; González Riga B J; Apesteguía S. 


Ligabuesaurus leanzai gen. et sp. nov. is a 

new titanosaur (Saurischia, Sauropoda) from the 

Lower Cretaceous of Neuqu é n Basin, north 

Patagonia, Argentina. The fossil remains were 

found in the upper section of the Lohan Cura 

Formation, which is regarded as Late Aptian– 

Albian in age. Remains include an incomplete 

maxilla with ten teeth, six cervical and dorsal 

vertebrae, and several associated girdle and limb 

bones. Ligabuesaurus is characterized by: (1) 

laminar and anteroposteriorly compressed neural 

spines on posterior cervical and anterior dorsal 

vertebrae that are rhomboid in shape and wider 

than vertebral centra; (2) spinoprezygapophyseal 

laminae in the posterior cervical vertebrae 

forked to form two pairs: the medial laminae 

contact one another toward the tip of the neural 

spine, and the lateral pair form the lateral border 

of the neural spine; (3) dorsoventrally reduced 

neural arch pedicels in posterior cervical and 

anterior dorsal vertebrae; and (4) rudimentary 

prespinal lamina on posterior cervical and anterior 

dorsal vertebrae. A preliminary phylogenetic 

analysis suggests that Ligabuesaurus is a basal 

titanosaur. The development of relatively long 

forelimbs, with a humerus/femur ratio of 0.9, 

indicates that this condition is not an exclusive 

adaptation of the Brachiosauridae. 

2006040367 

亚洲早白垩纪的鹦鹉嘴龙生物年代 = The 

Psittacosaurus biochron, Early Cretaceous of 

Asia. ( 英文 ). Lucas S G. Cretaceous Research, 

2006, 27(2): 189-198 

Fossils of the primitive ceratopsian dinosaur 

Psittacosaurus are widely distributed in Asia in 

Russia (western Siberia), Mongolia, China 

(Liaoning, Nei Monggol, Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, 

Shandong, and Hebei provinces), Thailand, 

and possibly Japan. All Psittacosaurus records 

are of Early Cretaceous age, and a Psittacosaurus 

biochron can be recognized equivalent to the 

Tsagantsabian and Khukhtekian land-vertebrate 

faunachrons (LVF). The Tsagantsabian LVF is 

defined as the time interval between the first 

appearance datum (FAD) of Psittacosaurus, and 

the FAD of the turtle Peishanemys. The Khukhtekian 

LVF is the time between the FAD of 

Peishanemys and the FAD of the ceratopsian 

dinosaur Microceratops (=beginning of the 

Baynshirenian LVF). Cross correlation to the 

standard global chronostratigraphic scale, mostly 

by radioisotopic dates and palynology, indicates 

the Tsagantsabian is Barremian-early Aptian, 

and the Khukhtekian is late Aptian-Albian. The 

duration of the Psittacosaurus biochron thus is 

about 20 myr of Barremian-Albian time. 

97

2006040368 

巴西下白垩统 ( 阿普第阶 - 阿尔必阶 ) 的 

Amazonsaurus maranhensis gen. et sp. nov. 

( 蜥脚亚目 ,Diplodocoidea) = Amazonsaurus 

maranhensis gen. et sp. nov. (Sauropoda, 

Diplodocoidea) from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian 

– Albian) of Brazil. ( 英文 ). Carvalho I 

S;Avilla L S;Salgado L. Cretaceous Research, 

2003, 24(6): 697-713 

A new genus and species of an Aptian – 

Albian sauropod from the Itapecuru Formation, 

northern Brazil, Amazonsaurus maranhensis, is 

described. It is known from an incomplete, but 

diagnostic postcranial skeleton. The new taxon 

possesses several autapomorphies, such as the 

anterior caudal vertebrae with lateral laminae 

formed by the coalescence of the spinoprezygapophyseal 

and postzygodiapophyseal laminae 

and, to a lesser extent, of the postzygodiapophyseal 

laminae. It exhibits many synapomorphies 

supporting its inclusion in the Diplodocoidea. 

These include high caudal neural arches and 

anterior caudal neural arches with spinoprezygapophyseal 

laminae on the lateral aspect of the 

neural spine. This record is consistent with previous 

hypotheses on the existence of a community 

of Afro-South American dinosaurs. 

2006040369 

关于在 oviraptorid 类恐龙中其大脑与内颅腔 

关系的证据 = Evidence on relation of brain to 

endocranial cavity in oviraptorid dinosaurs. ( 英 

文 ). Osmolska H. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2004, 49(2): 321-324 

The here described fragment of a skull roof of 

an oviraptorid dinosaur, Ingenia yanshini, shows 

perfectly preserved, numerous vascular imprints 

that cover th internal surfaces of frontals and 

parietals in the region roofing the cerebral hemispheres 

and cerebellum. This specimen shows 

that in oviraptorids the brain closely fitted the 

brain cavity, to the extent found in birds and 

mammals. Among dinosaurs, only one similar 

case has been previously reported in an ornithomimid, 

Dromiceiomimus brevitertius, but the 

preserved vascular imprints are less numerous 

and regular in this dinosaur than in Ingenia yanshini. 

2006040370 

澳大利亚白垩纪海洋爬行类 : 分类和分布的 

总结 = Cretaceous marine reptiles of Australia: 

a review of taxonomy and distribution. ( 英文 ). 

Kear B P. Cretaceous Research, 2003, 24(3): 

277-303 

Marine reptile fossils are common in the Cretaceous 

epicontinental and continental-margin 

marine deposits of Australia but much of the 

material is sparsely documented. A review of 

current localities indicates that the majority of 

remains are known from the Aptian – Albian 

epicontinental marine units of the Eromanga 

Basin in Queensland, New South Wales and 

South Australia. Fragmentary specimens have 

also been recovered from Berriasian, Hauterivian 

– Barremian, Albian – Cenomanian, 

Cenomanian–Turonian and Maastrichtian marine 

deposits of Western Australia, Aptian or 

Albian continental margin rocks of the Northern 

Territory and Aptian–Albian freshwater sediments 

of New South Wales and Victoria. Interestingly, 

many of these deposits represent Cretaceous 

high latitude-polar environments and some 

include palaeoclimatic indicators suggesting 

very cold to near freezing conditions. As currently 

known, the Australian Cretaceous marine 

reptile fauna comprises one family of ichthyosaurs 

(Ophthalmosauridae), as many as five 

families of plesiosaur (Rhomaleosauridae, Pliosauridae, 

Polycotylidae, Elasmosauridae and 

possibly Cryptoclididae or Cimoliasauridae 

sensu Acta Zool. Fenn. 213 (2001)), one family 

of chelonioid sea turtle (Protostegidae) and indeterminate 

mosasaurids. Although few named 

Australian species may be regarded as valid, the 

stratigraphic distribution of taxa correlates well 

with that from elsewhere. Plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs 

dominate Lower Cretaceous deposits 

with plesiosaurs showing a high taxonomic diversity 

(including the earliest known polycotylids), 

particularly in the Aptian. Albian faunas 

see the advent of chelonioid turtles with a 

corresponding reduction in plesiosaur diversity 

(through the loss of rhomaleosaurids) and a 

marked increase in the numbers of ichthyosaur 

remains. Upper Cretaceous units have produced 

only fragmentary specimens of primarily plesiosaurs 

and mosasaurs with ichthyosaurs limited to 

rocks of Cenomanian age. 

2006040371 

巴塔哥尼亚北部麦斯特里希特阶的蛇颈龙 = 

Maastrichtian plesiosaurs from northern Patagonia. 

( 英文 ). Gasparini Z;Salgado L;Casadío S. 


Three relatively complete elasmosaurid plesiosaurs 

were recently recovered from the north 

of Patagonia, Argentina. They were found in the 

uppermost levels of the Jagüel Formation (upper 

Maastrichtian). One of the specimens was found 

only 0.3 m below the Cretaceous/Paleogene 

boundary, this being the youngest record of a 

Mesozoic reptile in Patagonia. Two specimens 

are referred to cf. Mauisaurus sp. and the other 

to Tuarangisaurus? cabazai sp. nov. This study 

has revealed that some character states, previously 

regarded as mere ontogenetic variations, 

could be taxonomically valid. Comparison of the 

98

Upper Cretaceous elasmosaurids of Patagonia 

with those from the Upper Cretaceous of central 

Chile, the northeastern islands of the Antarctic 

Peninsula, and New Zealand reinforce the hypothesis 

of a south Gondwanan distribution for 

some pelagic reptiles. 

2006040372 

法国 Petites-Pyrénées 上麦斯特里希特阶的新 

侧颈龟 = New side-necked turtle (Pleurodira: 

Bothremydidae) from the Upper Maastrichtian 

of the Petites-Pyrénées (Haute-Garonne, France). 

( 英文 ). Laurent Y;Tong H;Claude J. Cretaceous 

Research, 2002, 23(4): 465-471 

A nearly complete turtle shell from the Upper 

Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of southern 

France is described as belonging to a new species 

of Elochelys, E. convenarum sp. nov. (Pleurodira: 

Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae). It differs 

from E. perfecta Nopcsa, 1931 from the 

Campanian of the Fuveau Basin, southern 

France, mainly by its larger size, the presence of 

a suprapygal, the shape of the vertebral scutes 

and the wide posterior part of the intergular 

scute. This is the most complete turtle specimen 

and the first record of Elochelys from the Upper 

Maastrichtian of southern France, which indicates 

that the non-marine bothremydids persisted 

well into the latest Cretaceous in this region. 

2006040373 

中侏罗世兽足型恐龙 Piatnitzkysaurus 头颅 

构造 = Braincase structure of the Middle Jurassic 

theropod dinosaur Piatnitzkysaurus. ( 英文 ). 

Rauhut O W. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2004, 41(9): 1109-1122 

The braincase of the Middle Jurassic basal 

tetanuran theropod Piatnitzkysaurus floresi is 

described in detail. It exhibits several probable 

autapomorphic characters of this taxon, including 

the extremely shortened and narrow basipterygoid 

processes, the presence of parasphenoid 

recesses that seem to communicate with each 

other, and basipterygoid recesses that are approximately 

as long anteroposteriorly as they are 

high. The braincase of Piatnitzkysaurus shows 

two possible synapomorphies with the enigmatic 

European Middle Jurassic theropod Piveteausaurus, 

a subrectangular pituitary fossa that is 

wider than high and the transverse span between 

the basipterygoid processes being smaller than 

the width of the basal tubera. A noteworthy aspect 

of the braincase of Piatnitzkysaurus is the 

high number of accessory pneumatic recesses, 

which indicates that the presence of an anterior 

and dorsal tympanic recess, and possibly also of 

subcondylar and basipterygoid recesses is plesiomorphic 

for tetanurans. In contrast, the bones 

enclosing the brain (e.g., laterosphenoid, prootic, 

supraoccipital) are very massive and lack internal 

pneumatic chambers, as they are present in 

later tetanurans. 

2006040374 

北美西部霸王龙类牙齿的形态测量及其对定 

量分类的适用性 = Morphometry of the teeth of 

western North American tyrannosaurids and its 

applicability to quantitative classification. ( 英文 ). 

Samman T; Powell G L; Currie P J; Hills L V. 


757-776 

Gross tooth morphology and serration morphology 

were examined to determine a quantifiable 

method for classifying tyrannosaurid tooth 

crowns from western North America. From the 

examination of teeth in jaws, tyrannosaurid teeth 

could be qualitatively assigned to one of five 

types based on the cross-sectional shape of the 

base of the tooth and characteristics of the mesial 

carina. A principal component analysis 

(PCA) revealed that much of the variance in 

tooth shape was a result of isometry, but some 

gross morphological variables exhibited strong 

positive allometry. The group classification 

functions determined by discriminant analysis, 

though not universally successful for classigying 

unidentified isolated teeth of all tyrannosaurids, 

do identity bone of origin of adult Albertosaurus, 

Daspletosaurus, and Gorgosaurus teeth at a statistically 

acceptable level. 

2006040375 

阿根廷奥卡玛胡沃上白垩统雷龙类的蛋化石 

= Eggs of titanosaurid sauropods from the Upper 

Cretaceous of Auca Mahuevo (Argentina). ( 英 

文 ). Chiappe L M; Coria R; Grellet-Tinner G. 


41(8): 949-960 

We provide a detailed description of the 

sauropod eggs from the Late Cretaceous nesting 

site of Auca Mahuevo (Neuquén Province, Argentina), 

the only eggs that are unequivocally 

associated with titanosaurid dinosaurs. These 

eggs are subspherical averaging 132 by 115 mm. 

Well-preserved specimens display a pronounced 

eggshell ornamentation that consists mostly of 

single nodes averaging 0.58 mm in diameter and 

0.28 mm in height (base to apex) with internodular 

values of 0.52 to 0.87 mm. The pore canal 

network consists of vertical and horizontal canals 

intersecting at the bases of eggshell units. 

Vertical canals may fork defining a "Y" pattern 

and their diameters vary between 0.08 and 0.2 

mm. Their surficial apertures of 0.15 to 0.29 mm 

are funnel like and located between the surficial 

nodes. In pristine specimens, the eggshell thickness 

equals 1.31 mm, and radial sections exhibit 

99

a single structural horizontal layer composed of 

juxtaposed shell units consisting of acicular calcite 

crystals radiating from an organic core. Relying 

only on taxonomically identified oological 

material, we regard this character also shared in 

the innermost layer (layer 1) of Deinonychus 

antirrhopus, oviraptorid theropods, and observed 

during an early oogenetic stage in extant bird as 

primitive for saurischians. The eggshell morphology 

advocates that these eggs were likely 

incubated in moist nesting environments, perhaps 

such as nests covered with vegetal matter. 

Examination of the South American megaloolithid 

eggshells reveals that the titanosaurid 

eggs from Auca Mahuevo are mostly similar to 

those described as Megaloolithus patagonicus 

and Megaloolithus pseudomamillare. 

Nous fournissons une description détaillée 

d'œufs de sauropodes du site de nidification 

2006040376 

北美西部内陆区上白垩统 Ankylosaurus 

magniventris 的重新描述 = Redescription of 

Ankylosaurus magniventris Brown 1908 (Ankylosauridae) 

from the Upper Cretaceous of the 

Western Interior of North America. ( 英文 ). Carpenter 

K. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2004, 41(8): 961-986 

The armor-plated dinosaur Ankylosaurus 

magniventris is redescribed based on specimens 

from the Hell Creek Formation of northeastern 

Montana, USA., Lance Formation of Wyoming, 

USA., and from the Scollard Formation of southcentral 

Alberta, Canada. Except for brief descriptions, 

most of these specimens have not 

been described in detail. Ankylosaurus is one of 

the largest known ankylosaurids, having an estimated 

length of up to 6.25 m (20.5 ft). It is 

characterized by a long, low skull having very 

prominent cranial “horns” that project laterally 

or dorsolaterally. The body armor includes a 

large half-ring that sat across the base of the 

neck and shoulders and a large, low tail club. 

2006040377 

马达加斯加下三叠统新的爬行类化石 : 对二 

叠纪 - 三叠纪绝灭事件的意义 = New reptile 

material from the Lower Triassic of Madagascar: 

implications for the Permian-Triassic extinction 

event. ( 英文 ). Ketchum H F; Barrett P M. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2004, 41(1): 1-8 

Recently discovered reptile specimens from 

the "Eotriassic" deposits of Madagascar (Lower 

Triassic) are reported, adding valuable information 

to our knowledge of Malagasy faunas and 

providing additional data on tetrapod survivorship 

across the Permian-Triassic (P-T) boundary. 

Four specimens are attributable to the terrestrial 

procolophonoid Barasaurus besairiei Piveteau 

1955, whereas the remainder are referable to the 

aquatic younginiform family Tangasauridae, 

including some individuals identifiable as Hovasaurus 

boulei Piveteau 1926. These specimens 

represent the geologically youngest tangasaurid 

and Barasaurus specimens to be described from 

Madagascar and suggest that these small reptiles 

passed unaffected through the end Permian mass 

extinction event, when similar to78% of amniote 

families disappeared. 

2006040378 

匈牙利晚白垩世 azhdarchid 类翼龙的首例证 

据 = First evidence of azhdarchid pterosaurs 

from the Late Cretaceous of Hungary. ( 英文 ). 

Oesi A; Weishampel D B; Jianu C M. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(4): 777-787 

New remains of an azhdarchid pterosaur were 

discovered from the Csehbanya Formation at the 

Iharkut vertebrate locality in the Bakony Mountains, 

western Hungary. Among the isolated 

bones, consisting principally of 21 symphyseal 

jaw fragments, four cervical vertebrae, a right 

radius, and some fragmentary limb bones, is a 

complete articulated mandible that represents 

one of the best-preserved mandibular material of 

any presently known azhdarchid pterosaur. The 

complete edentulous jaw, referred to Bakonydraco 

galaczi gen. et sp. nov. posesses several 

features dignostic for azhdarchids which prove 

that Bakonydraco belongs to this group. 

2006040379 

英国剑桥郡 Cambridge Greensand 早白垩世 

Patricosaurus merocratus’ 再研究 = A reassessment 

of the Early Cretaceous reptile ‘Patricosaurus 

merocratus’ Seeley from the Cambridge 

Greensand, Cambridgeshire, UK. ( 英文 ). 

Barrett P M;Evans S E. Cretaceous Research, 

2002, 23(2): 231-240 

The Cambridge Greensand has yielded a diverse 

fauna of terrestrial and marine vertebrates, 

including various fish, birds, dinosaurs and marine 

reptiles. However, this important late Early 

Cretaceous biome has been severely neglected 

and the taxonomy and systematics of most of 

these animals are in need of urgent revision. The 

small reptile ‘Patricosaurus merocratus’ was 

named on the basis of a partial femur and sacral 

vertebra and referred to the Squamata. Reexamination 

of the type material indicates that 

‘Patricosaurus’ represents a chimera composed 

of indeterminate lepidosaurian and archosaurian 

elements and that it should be regarded 

as a nomen dubium. Nevertheless, the 

syntype femur represents the only material of a 

terrestrial lepidosaur to be recovered from the 

Cambridge Greensand. Moreover, this element is 

currently the largest known terrestrial lepidosaur, 

100

living or extinct, to have been recovered from 

the British Isles. 

2006040380 

西班牙昆卡省 Uña 巴列姆阶恐龙牙齿 = Dinosaur 

teeth from the Barremian of Uña, Province 

of Cuenca, Spain. ( 英文 ). Rauhut O W M. 


The dinosaur fauna from the Barremian locality 

of Uña, east-central Spain, is described on the 

basis of isolated teeth. Apart from an unidentified 

sauropod and a probably new basal euornithopod, 

the fauna is noteworthy for its high diversity 

of theropods. The latter clade is represented 

by teeth of velociraptorine and dromaeosaurine 

dromaeosaurids, as well as Richardoestesia 

-like and Paronychodon -like teeth, 

making the theropod tooth fauna from Europe 

strikingly similar to the Late Cretaceous faunas 

from North America. However, the reported 

presence of more basal theropods from other 

Early Cretaceous localities in Europe indicate 

that this was a transitional fauna between the 

typical Late Jurassic and the typical Late Cretaceous 

theropod faunas of the Northern Hemisphere. 

2006040381 

阿曼 Sultanate 晚白垩世兽脚类一尾椎化石 = 

A Late Cretaceous theropod caudal vertebra 

from the Sultanate of Oman. ( 英文 ). Schulp A 

S;Hanna S S;Hartman A F;Jagt J W M. Cretaceous 

Research, 2000, 21(6): 851-856 

A caudal vertebra collected from conglomerates 

of the Al-Khod Formation (Late Cretaceous) 

in the Al-Khod area, Sultanate of Oman, is assigned 

to a medium-sized theropod dinosaur. 

The Al-Khod discovery represents one of the 

very few dinosaur records from the Middle East. 

2006040382 

奇异的二叠纪爬行动物单弓型 Watongia 属的 

再评估及其地层意义 = A reevaluation of the 

enigmatic Permian synapsid Watongia and of its 

stratigraphic significance. ( 英文 ). Reisz R R; 

Laurin M. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2004, 41(5): 377-386 

The enigmatic synapsid Watongia, initially 

described on the basis of fragmentary remains 

from the Chickasha Formation of Oklahoma as 

an early therapsid (a gorgonopsian), is redescribed 

and is shown to represent the largest 

known varanopid synapsid. Its assignment to the 

Varanodontinae (Varanopidae: Synapsida) is 

supported by several diagnostic features, including 

a strongly recurved marginal dentition with 

both posterior and anterior, unserrated, cutting 

edges, quadratojugal with two discrete superficial 

rami, a large lateral tuberosity on the postorbital, 

short, deep excavations on the neural 

arches, and a broad, short radiale. The presence 

in Watongia of a posterolateral process of the 

frontal precludes therapsid or sphenacodontid 

affinities. The previously described preparietal 

that provided the strongest evidence of therapsid 

affinities for Watongia is shown to be based on 

misinterpreted skull fragments that were incorrectly 

assembled. The presence of a varanopid in 

the Chickasha Formation is consistent with a 

Guadalupian age (Middle Permian), and in the 

absence of large sphenacodontids and therapsids, 

Watongia was probably the top predator of its 

terrestrial vertebrate community. 

2006040383 

鸟臀类 Amtosaurus magnus 的再评估兼评 A. 

archibaldi 的分类位置 = A reappraisal of the 

ornithischian dinosaur Amtosaurus magnus Kurzanov 

and Tumanova 1978, with comments on 

the status of A-archibaldi Averianov 2002. ( 英 

文 ). Parish J C; Barrett P M. Canadian Journal 


A fragmentary braincase from the Baynshirenskaya 

Svita (Cenomanian-Turonian) of 

Amtgay, Omnogov, People's Republic of Mongolia 

was described as the holotype specimen of 

the ankylosaurid dinosaur, Amtosaurus magnus 

Kurzanov and Tumanova 1978. However, the 

validity of this genus has been questioned by 

several authors. Recently, a second species, 

based on a fragmentary specimen consisting of a 

braincase and partial skull roof, was assigned to 

Amtosaurus as A. archibaldi Averianov 2002. 

Here we re-assess the status of Amtosaurus and 

of the referred species, A. archibaldi. We conclude 

that "Amtosaurus magnus" is a nomen 

dubium that should be regarded as Ornithischia 

indeterminate. However, "A." archibaldi is a 

valid taxon, characterized by an autapomorphic 

feature of the skull roof, and we refer this species 

to the new genus Bissektipelta. 

2006040384 

马达加斯加下三叠统爬行类新材料 : 对二叠 

纪 - 三叠纪绝灭事件的意义 = New reptile material 

from the Lower Triassic of Madagascar: 

implications for the Permian-Triassic extinction 

event. ( 英文 ). Ketchum H F, Barrett P M. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2004, 41(1): 1-8 

Recently discovered reptile specimens from 

the "Eotriassic" deposits of Madagascar (Lower 

Triassic) are reported, adding valuable information 

to our knowledge of Malagasy faunas and 

providing additional data on tetrapod survivorship 

across the Permian-Triassic (P-T) boundary. 

Four specimens are attributable to the terrestrial 

procolophonoid Barasaurus besairiei Piveteau 

1955, whereas the remainder are referable to the 

101

aquatic younginiform family Tangasauridae, 

including some individuals identifiable as Hovasaurus 

boulei Piveteau 1926. These specimens 

represent the geologically youngest tangasaurid 

and Barasaurus specimens to be described from 

Madagascar and suggest that these small reptiles 

passed unaffected through the end Permian mass 

extinction event, when similar to78% of amniote 

families disappeared. 

2006040385 

阿根廷中部下白垩统早期幼年翼手龙 = Early 

juvenile pterosaurs (Pterodactyloidea : Pterodaustro 

guinazui) from the Lower Cretaceous of 

central Argentina. ( 英文 ). Codorniu L; Chiappe 

L M. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2004, 

41(1): 9-18 

We report on two juvenile specimens of 

Pterodaustro guinazui, a medium-sized, filterfeeding 

pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Lower 

Cretaceous (Albian) lacustrine deposits of the 

Lagarcito Formation of central Argentina (Sierra 

de Las Quijadas, San Luis Province). Both 

specimens lack the skull, but one is otherwise 

nearly complete and articulated, and the other is 

more fragmentary. Their small size (similar 

to300 mm of wingspan), the lack of fusion of 

several postcranial bones, the minimal epiphyseal 

ossification, and the porous appearance of 

the periosteal surfaces indicate the specimens 

died at a very early stage of postnatal development. 

The presence of derived characters unique, 

within Pterodactyloidea, to P. guinazui (e.g., 

caudal vertebrae exceeding 16 elements) supports 

the proposed specific identification of the 

specimens. The new material provides anatomical 

information previously unknown for P. 

guinazui and sheds light on allometric transformations 

during the growth of this pterosaur. 

Comparisons with more mature and much larger 

individuals support two major allometric trends: 

(i) the negative allometric growth of the proximal 

portion of the forelimb, and (ii) the positive 

allometric growth of the metacarpal IV. 

2006040386 

关于 Tapejaridae 科的新资料及该分支系统 

亲缘关系的讨论 = New information on the 

Tapejaridae (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea) and 

discussion of the relationships of this clade. ( 英 

文 ). Kellner A W A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 

521-534 

A phylogenetic analysis indicates that the 

Tapejaridae is a monophyletic group of pterodactyloid 

pterosaurs, diagnosed by the following 

synapomorphies: premaxillary sagittal crest that 

starts at the anterior tip of the premaxilla and 

extends posteriorly after the occipital region, 

large nasoantorbital fenestra that reaches over 

45% of the length between premaxilla and 

squamosal, lacrimal process of the jugal thin, 

distinct small pear-shaped orbit with lower portion 

narrow, and broad tubercle at the ventroposterior 

margin of the coracoid. Several cranial and 

postcranial characters indicate that the Tapejaridae 

are well nested within the Tapejaroidea, in 

sister group relationship with the Azhdarchidae. 

A preliminary study of the ingroup relationships 

within the Tapejaridae shows that Tupuxuara is 

more closely related to Thalassodromeus relative 

to Tapejara. At present tapejarid remains have 

been found in the following deposits: Crato and 

Romualdo members of the Santana Formation 

(Aptian-Albian), Araripe Basin, Brazil; Jiufotang 

Formation (Aptian), Jehol Group of western 

Liaoning, China; and in the redbeds (Cenomanian) 

of the Kern Kern region, Morocco. An 

incomplete skull found in the Javelina Formation 

(Maastrichtian), Texas also shows several tapejarid 

features and might be a member of this 

clade. Although information is still limited, the 

present distribution of the Tapejaridae indicates 

that this clade of pterosaurs was not exclusive of 

Gondwana, and was more widespread than previously 

known. 

2006040387 

智利北部上侏罗统新的恐龙脚印 = New dinosaur 

footprints from the Upper Jurassic of northern 

Chile. ( 其他 ). Moreno K; Blanco N; 

Tomlinson A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 535- 

544 

Sauropod and theropod footprints have been 

identified west of the city of Calama, Region II 

of Chile, in red beds belonging to the Estacion 

Member of the San Salvador Formation (Kimmeridgian 

- Lower Cretaceous). Narrow-gauge 

sauropod ichnites and three different morphologies 

of theropod footprints are described: A) 

medium- to large-sized tetradactyl impressions, 

with little difference in size between digits II-IV, 

and a II-IV interdigital angle of 66degrees; B) 

small- to medium-sized tridactyl prints, with a 

marked difference in size between digits III and 

II/IV, and a II-IV interdigital angle of 85degrees; 

and C) a subaqueous tridactyl print, probably 

made by only one foot of the animal. The San 

Salvador tracksite is assumed to be Upper Jurassic 

in age, because it is similar to other tracksites 

of this period in lacking wide-gauge sauropod 

footprints. This fact is probably correlated with 

the absence of titanosaurid body fossils in the 

Jurassic of South America. 

2006040388 

阿根廷内乌肯 Picun Leufu 阿尔布阶 - 塞诺曼 

阶恐龙足迹的新发现 = New findings of dinosaur 

tracks in the Candeleros Formation (Albian- 

102

Cenomanian), Picun Leufu, Neuquen, Argentina. 

( 其他 ). Calvo J O; Mazzetta G V. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 545-554 

A new dinosaur tracksite is described from the 

lower section of the Candeleros Formation, Rio 

Limay Subgroup (Albian-Cenomanian). The 

footprints were found on greyish, coarse to thin 

sandstones from the Cerrito del Bote islet, located 

at the south-west end of Ezequiel Ramos 

Mexia artificial lake, 15 km East from Picun 

Leufu, Neuquen, Argentina. The relatively good 

preservation of the ichnosite allows to recognise 

three footprint morphotypes, corresponding to a 

middle-sized titanosaurian sauropod, a large 

carnosaurian theropod, and a small coelurosaurian 

theropods. The titanosaur footprints were 

referred to the ichnospecies Sauropodichnus 

giganteus Calvo. The presence of Abelichnus 

astigarrae Calvo was also documented through 

two footprints belonging to a carnosaur, and a 

non previously registered footprint morphotype 

was ascribed to coelurosaurs. The dinosaur 

speeds were estimated from stride and footprint 

lengths of the trackmakers. Footprint measurements 

were also used to estimate the body 

masses of the trackmakers. The ichnofauna studied 

shows, in all cases, low speeds that range 

from a maximum of 1.8 m s(-1) for a coelurosaur 

to a minimum of 0.9 m s(-1) for the titanosaur. 

The analyses show that the dinosaurs responsible 

for these trackways were either walking 

(the titanosaur and the carnosaur) or using a 

slow trot gait (the coelurosaurs). Whichever the 

case, these dinosaurs were progressing with gaits 

well below their potential locomotory capabilities. 

The overall correspondence in direction and 

speed observed in the tracks of the coelurosaurs 

is compatible with a social pack-moving hypothesis. 

2006040389 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚西北部恐龙目兽足亚目一 

个新的 Abelisauridae 科 = A new Abelisauridae 

(Dinosauria : Theropoda) from northwest 

Patagonia. ( 英文 ). Calvo J O; Rubilar-Rogers D; 

Moreno K. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 555-563 

A new theropod Abelisauridae is described, 

Ekrixinatosaurus novasi gen. et sp. nov., of 

northwestern Patagonia (Neuquen Province, Argentina). 

A preliminar cladistic analysis placed 

Ekrixinatosaurus together with Majungatholus 

and Camotaurini; and the sister group is Ilokelesia. 

The presence of this specimen in Albian- 

Cenomanian beds allows us to support the early 

divergence (pre-Senonian) of this clade, and the 

hypothesis of the presence of Abelisauridae in 

continental Africa. The present distribution of 

Abelisauridae indicates: 1) a vicariance of this 

clade based on a pre-Cenomanian pan- 

Gondwanic distribution; 2) dispersion throughout 

terrestrial bridges. In both cases, the absence 

of Abelisauridae in continental Africa can be 

considered a bias of the fossil record. 

2006040390 

根据阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚内乌肯的一块新标本 

论 Megaraptor namunhuaiquii 的系统发育位 

置 = Phylogenetic status of Megaraptor namunhuaiquii 

Novas based on a new specimen from 

Neuquen, Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Calvo J 

O; Porfiri J D;, Veralli C; Novas F; Poblete F. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 565-575 

A new specimen of Megaraptor namunhuaiquii 

was discovered on the north coast of the 

Barreales lake, Neuquen, Argentina. The material 

comes from the Portezuelo Formation (Upper 

Turonian-Lower Coniacian) of the Neuquen 

Group. The new specimen includes an anterior 

cervical vertebra, scapula, coracoids, ulna, radius, 

a complete hand, pubis, two caudal vertebrae 

with haemal arch, and metatarsal IV. This finding 

improves the knowledge of this species and 

offers more information to elucidate its phylogenetic 

relationships. Megaraptor namunhuaiquii 

exhibits resemblances with Carcharodontosauridae 

in some aspects of the cervical and caudal 

vertebrae, but some other similarities are seen 

with the basal spinosaurid Baryonyx in the shape 

of the scapula and coracoid, and pubis shape 

with Torvosaurus. However, Megaraptor bears 

several derived characters in the construction of 

the forelimbs that clearly distinguishes the Patagonian 

taxon from the theropod taxa mentioned 

above. 

2006040391 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚南部 Abelisaurid 类化石 = 

Abelisaurid remains (Theropoda, Ceratosauria) 

from southern Patagonia. ( 英文 ). Martinez R; 

Novas F; Ambrosio A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 

41(4): 577-585 

Here we report the discovery of abelisaurid 

remains from the Bajo Barreal Formation 

(Cenomanian-Coniacian) from the northern region 

of Santa Cruz Province, Patagonia, Argentina. 

The specimen represents the southernmost 

record of Abelisauridae in South America. It 

consists of six associated vertebrae, including 

cervical 10, dorsal 1, an isolated dorsal centrum, 

and three caudals from the middle portion of the 

tail. The vertebrae closely resemble those of 

other derived abelisaurids (e.g., Carnotaurus 

sastrei Bonaparte, Aucasaurus garridoi Coria et 

al.). For example, the cervicals have deep preand 

postspinal cavities, hypertrophied epipophyses, 

and a dorsal surface of the neural arch that is 

clearly delimited from the lateral surface of the 

diapophysis. Caudal vertebrae exhibit the characteristically 

fan-shaped transverse processes 

103

seen in other abelisaurids. However, some morphological 

distinctions are recognized when 

compared with Ilokelesia, Xenotarsosaurus, 

Carnotaurus, Aucasaurus and Majungatholus. 

The list of potential synapomorphies of the vertebral 

column of Abelisauria and Abelisauridae 

is briefly reviewed. Recent phylogenetic hypotheses 

on Abelisauridae are discussed. 

2006040392 

Auca Mahuevo: 阿根廷内乌肯晚白垩世一恐 

龙巢地点 = Auca Mahuevo, an extraordinary 

Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur nesting site, 

Neuquen, Argentina. ( 法文 ). Chiappe L M; Coria 

R A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 591-596 

Since its discovery in 1997, the Auca Mahuevo 

nesting site (Anacleto Formation, Campanian, 

Neuquen Province, Argentina) has produced 

a large amount of sauropod eggs, many of 

them containing the delicate remains of embryos. 

Scientific investigations made at this site have 

produced a great deal of information about the 

development of the embryos, the morphology 

and shell microstructure of the eggs, and the 

reproductive behavior of sauropod dinosaurs. 

Cranial features present in the embryos have 

allowed their identification as those of titanosaurid 

sauropods. Differences in the texture of 

the sediments that contain some of the eggclutches 

have clarified features related to their 

nest architecture. Maps showing the spatial distribution 

of eggs and clutches, the stratigraphic 

distribution of the egg-layers, and the sedimentological 

context in which they are contained, 

have provided the basis for several inferences 

about the nesting behavior and site fidelity of 

these dinosaurs. The taxonomic control of the 

eggs from Auca Mahuevo, together with the 

extensive sampling carried on, has illuminated 

important aspects of the life history of sauropod 

dinosaurs. This contribution provides a summary 

of the results obtained during several years of 

research and a discussion of the significance of 

these results for understanding the reproductive 

biology of these colossal animals. 

2006040393 

阿根廷内乌肯 Auca Mahuevo 地区晚白垩世 

新的兽足类恐龙 = New theropod dinosaurs 

from Auca Mahuevo, Neuquen province (Late 

Cretaceous, Argentina). ( 法文 ). Coria R ; Arcucci 

A B. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 597-603 

Materials of Theropoda from the upper levels 

of the Anacleto Formation and the upper levels 

of the underlaying Bajo de la Carpa Formation 

are described. The specimens were collected 

from rocks outcropping at Auca Mahuevo locality 

and surroundings, a paleontological area from 

Neuquen Province that yielded abundant remains 

of titanosaur eggs and embryos. Some of the 

teeth were collected associated with adult titanosaur 

bones, at the same levels that bear titanosaur 

nests. These teeth have features comparable 

with the dromeosaurid morphotype, and share 

several characters with the teeth of the abelisaurid 

Aucasaurus garridoi Coria et al., the only 

theropod species described and illustrated from 

the site. Isolated postcranial material from the 

underlaying Bajo de la Carpa Formation have 

been assigned to theropod dinosaurs but lack 

Abelisauridae derived features, being better 

linked with basal tetanuran forms, with sizes 

comparable with those of carcharodontosaurids. 

Author Keywords: theropods; Auca Mahuevo; 

Cretaceous; Patagonia 

2006040394 

爬行动物 Carnotaurus sastrei 在咬东西时下 

颌骨的应力分布 = Mandible stress distribution 

during the bite in Carnotaurus sastrei Bonaparte, 

1985 (Theropoda : Abelisauridae). ( 其他 ). 

Mazzetta G V; Cisilino A P; Blanco R E. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 605-617 

A computerised tomography scanning was 

used to generate a three-dimensional mandible 

reconstruction of the carnivorous dinosaur Carnotaurus 

sastrei. This non-invasive technique 

provides a suitable foundation for finite element 

modelling (FEM) of biological structures such as 

the one mentioned above. FEM is a numerical 

approach very appropriate to analyse the mechanical 

behaviour of the mandible, which in 

vivo is subjected to varying regimes of stress 

and strain. The model of the mandible was 

loaded in order to simulate six different conditions 

(ventrally directed static bite applied at the 

anterior, central, and posterior teeth; with and 

without axial traction of a hypothetical prey). 

The mechanical strength of the mandible was 

also studied through an estimation of the maximum 

bite force capable to withstand failure 

stress. The bilateral muscle-driven bite force of 

Carnotaurus (3341 N; estimated at the posteriormost 

teeth) would have been relatively weak 

in comparison with the one corresponding to 

extant carnivores. Principal stress magnitudes 

varied predictably for the studied loading conditions, 

with peak stresses found at the intramandibular 

joint. When the effects of adductor muscle 

forces and reaction condylar forces are removed 

from the model, the maximum force 

withstood by the mandible may be up to 6.1 

times higher than the estimated muscle-driven 

bite force. This does not suggest a mandibular 

design particularly strong in Carnotaurus. 

2006040395 

归于爬行动物兽足亚目 

Carcharodontosauridae) 科 Giganotosaurus 

104

属的一个牙齿的有限单元模拟 = Finite element 

modelling of a tooth referred to the genus 

Giganotosaurus Coria and Salgado, 1995 (Theropoda 

: Carcharodontosauridae). ( 其他 ). 

Mazzetta G V; Blanco R E; Cisilino A P. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 619-626 

A quantitative study of the biomechanical 

design of a dinosaur tooth was carried out for the 

first time. In doing so, an isolated tooth crown 

referred to the carnivorous theropod Giganotosaurus 

(MUCPv-52) was subjected to computerised 

tomography to obtain a series of transaxial 

scan images separated by 1.5-mm intervals. This 

non-invasive technique allows the threedimensional 

reconstruction of the geometry corresponding 

to the biological structure considered, 

which provides an appropriate basis for finite 

element modelling (FEM). Mathematical approaches 

as FEM offer unparalleled precision in 

assessment of the stress environment in such 

structures as teeth, which in vivo are subjected to 

varying regimes of stress and strain. The model 

of the tooth crown referred to Giganotosaurus 

was meshed creating four-noded tetrahedral 

elements. The loading conditions settled on the 

crown allow to simulate a static bite vertically 

applied on a still prey, and on a prey exerting a 

pull perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth. 

The highest principal stresses during the bite 

were produced at the middle one-third of the 

anterolabial (tensile ones), and posterolingual 

(compressive ones) surfaces of the tooth crown. 

When the load exerted by the pull of an hypothetical 

prey was also considered, the stress distribution 

change in a predictable way, with the 

highest tensile magnitudes at the posterior side 

of the crown. In such situation, the tooth is capable 

to withstand pulls up to 10 kN. 

2006040396 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚上白垩统恐龙鸟臀目一个 

新的原始禽龙 = A new basal iguanodontian 

(Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous 

of Patagonia. ( 英文 ). Novas F E; Cambiaso 

A V; Ambrosio A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 

41(1): 75-82 

We report the discovery of an almost complete 

skeleton of a new iguanodontian dinosaur, 

Talenkauen santacrucensis n. gen. et sp., from 

Maastrichtian rocks of southwestern Patagonia. 

Talenkauen is odd in the presence of plate-like 

structures on both sides of the thorax, which are 

better interpreted as uncinate processes than 

dermal armor. Talenkauen and the also Maastrichtian 

Thescelosaurus neglectus Gilmore from 

North America, represent the only two ornithischians 

in which this peculiar feature is currently 

known. Some derived features unite Talenkauen 

with other Gondwanan ornithopods, but all the 

evidence does not offer enough support for an 

iguanodontian clade endemic from the Southern 

Hemisphere. Small- to medium-sized ornithischians 

appear to have been the dominant planteating 

dinosaurs in Antarctica and Australia during 

the Cretaceous, in contrast with the outstanding 

abundance of medium sized to giant 

sauropods in central Gondwana (e.g., South 

America, Africa, India). 

2006040397 

恐龙生物机械作用 = Dinosaur biomechanics. 

( 英文 ). Alexander R M . Proceedings of the 

Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2006, 

273(1596): 1849 - 1855 

Biomechanics has made large contributions to 

dinosaur biology. It has enabled us to estimate 

both the speeds at which dinosaurs generally 

moved and the maximum speeds of which they 

may have been capable. It has told us about the 

range of postures they could have adopted, for 

locomotion and for feeding, and about the problems 

of blood circulation in sauropods with very 

long necks. It has made it possible to calculate 

the bite forces of predators such as Tyrannosaurus, 

and the stresses they imposed on its skull; 

and to work out the remarkable chewing mechanism 

of hadrosaurs. It has shown us how some 

dinosaurs may have produced sounds. It has enabled 

us to estimate the effectiveness of weapons 

such as the tail spines of Stegosaurus. In recent 

years, techniques such as computational tomography 

and finite element analysis, and advances 

in computer modelling, have brought new opportunities. 

Biomechanists should, however, be especially 

cautious in their work on animals 

known only as fossils. The lack of living specimens 

and even soft tissues oblige us to make 

many assumptions. It is important to be aware of 

the often wide ranges of uncertainty that result. 

2006040398 

亚洲土著类群硅藻鼠科的演化 = Evolution of 

the diatomyidae, an endemic family of Asian 

rodents. ( 中文 ). 劳伦斯 J. 弗林 . 古脊椎动物学 

报 , 2006, 44(2): 182-192 

硅藻鼠科是仅分布于亚洲的啮齿类类群 , 头 

骨具豪猪型咬肌结构 , 下颌则为松鼠型 . 该类群 

代表了一个从梳趾鼠类分化出的区域性支系 , 

虽与豪猪次目相近 , 但并不是它的成员 . 最早的 

硅藻鼠化石记录发现于 Baluchistan 渐新世陆 

相地层中 , 稍晚的记录发现于南亚晚渐新世 . 印 

度次大陆连续的地层为该科的演化历史提供 

了主要的化石依据 . 早中新世晚期至中中新世 , 

硅藻科化石也发现于泰国、中国以及日本 . 其 

后的硅藻鼠种类少且鲜有化石记录 . 晚中新世 

早期在巴基斯坦有一个种 , 中国南部晚中新世 

也可能有一个种 . 尽管在最早的化石地点发现 

的标本较多 , 但其后的时段内除泰国李盆地外 

105

化石并不丰富 , 这指示了其特殊的生活习性或 

其生活区域化石保存的偏差 . 已知的化石记录 

并没有指示出该类群的多样性 , 也可能是缺少 

石化作用的结果 . 硅藻鼠类在水系外围区域延 

续生存与最近在老挝中部多岩石地带发现的 

现生 Laonastes 也是一个硅藻鼠的假设相一致 . 

2006040399 

中国三叠纪海生爬行类综述 = A brief summary 

of the Ttriassic marine reptiles of china. 

( 中文 ). 李锦玲 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(1): 

99-108 

三叠纪海生爬行类化石广泛分布于中国南 

方的安徽、湖北、贵州、云南、广西和西 

藏。它们不仅包括有世界性分布的鱼龙类、 

鳍龙类、海龙类、原龙类等 , 而且还有仅出 

现于扬子海区的湖北鳄类。简单回顾了中国 

三叠纪海生爬行类的研究历史。根据化石的 

地史分布确认了自早三叠世晚期至晚三叠世 

早期的 7 个海生爬行类组合带。它们是奥伦 

尼克期的 Chaohu—saurus—Keichousaurus— 

Hupehsuchus 组合带 , 安尼期的 Chinchenia— 

Sanchiaosaurus 组合带和 Dinocephalosaurus— 

Mixosaurus 组合带 , 拉丁期的 Dingxiaosaurus 

带和 Keichousaurus—Nothosaurus 组合带 , 卡 

尼期的 Anshunsaurus—Qianichthyosaurus— 

Sinocyamodus 组合带和诺利期的 

Himalayasaurus 带。对化石的古地理环境分 

析表明 , 中国早三叠世晚期的海生爬行类主 

要分布于扬子海区东部 ( 安徽、湖北 ) 的浅 

海开阔台地和局限海台地。中三叠世由于东 

部地区的抬升 , 鱼龙类和鳍龙类向西扩散 , 

在扬子区西部 ( 贵州、云南 ) 辐射发展 , 在 

拉丁期达到个体数量和种类的高峰。晚三叠 

世卡尼期动物的数量依然很多 , 个体有增大 

的趋向 , 但高级分类阶元的数量减少 , 它们 

埋藏于海水相对较深的浊积岩相中。晚三叠 

世诺利期的化石发现于西藏的定日和聂拉 

木 , 这是中国惟一属于冈瓦那特提斯区的三 

叠纪海生爬行类组合带 , 仅含大型的鱼龙 

类。受动物的生存环境和埋藏条件的影响 , 

中国三叠纪海生爬行类化石记录并不完整。 

目前尚有相当数量的化石未经研究 , 已记述 

的化石也需要在研究程度上进一步深化。 

2006040400 

中国东北部晚侏罗世具有过渡特征的原始角 

龙 = A basal ceratopsian with transitional features 

from the Late Jurassic of northwestern 

China. ( 英文 ). Xu Xing; Forster C A; Clark J M; 

Mo Jinyou. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 


2140 

Although the Ceratopsia and Pachycephalosauria, 

two major ornithischian groups, are 

united as the Marginocephalia, few synapomorphies 

have been identified due to their highly 

specialized body-plans. Several studies have 

linked the Heterodontosauridae with either the 

Ceratopsia or Marginocephalia, but evidence for 

these relationships is weak, leading most recent 

studies to consider the Heterodontosauridae as 

the basal member of another major ornithischian 

radiation, the Ornithopoda. Here, we report on a 

new basal ceratopsian dinosaur, Yinlong downsi 

gen. et. sp. nov. from the Late Jurassic upper 

part of the Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang, 

China. This new ceratopsian displays a series of 

features transitional between more derived ceratopsians 

and other ornithischians, shares numerous 

derived similarities with both the heterodontosaurids 

and pachycephalosaurians and provides 

strong evidence supporting a monophyletic 

Marginocephalia and its close relationship to the 

Heterodontosauridae. Character distributions 

along the marginocephalian lineage reveal that, 

compared to the bipedal Pachycephalosauria, 

which retained a primitive post-cranial bodyplan, 

the dominantly quadrupedal ceratopsians 

lost many marginocephalian features and 

evolved their own characters early in their evolution. 

2006040401 

白垩纪鳄类生物地理 : 从生物地理分析得出 

的冈瓦那同类的证据 = Crocodyliform biogeography 

during the Cretaceous: evidence of 

Gondwanan vicariance from biogeographical 

analysis. ( 英文 ). Turner A L. Proceedings of the 

Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2004, 

271(1552): 2003 - 2009 

Explanations of the distributions of terrestrial 

vertebrates during the Mesozoic are currently 

vigorously contested and debated in palaeobiogeography. 

Recent studies focusing on dinosaurs 

yield conflicting hypotheses. Dispersal, coupled 

with regional extinction or vicariance driven by 

continental break-up, have been cited as the 

main causal factors behind dinosaur distributions 

in the Mesozoic. To expand the scope of the 

debate and test for vicariance within another 

terrestrial group, I herein apply a cladistic biogeographical 

method to a large sample of Cretaceous 

crocodyliform taxa. A time-slicing methodology 

is employed and a refinement made to 

account for the divergence times of the analysed 

clades. The results provide statistically significant 

evidence that Gondwana fragmentation affected 

crocodyliform diversification during the 

Mid-Late Cretaceous. Detection of a vicariant 

pattern within crocodyliforms is important as it 

helps corroborate vicariance hypotheses in other 

fossil and extant groups as well as furthers the 

move towards more taxonomically diverse approaches 

to palaeobiogeographical research. 

106

2006040402 

巴西中三叠统具有颞颥孔的前棱蜥爬行动物 

= A procolophonoid reptile with temporal fenestration 

from the Middle Triassic of Brazil. ( 英 

文 ). Cisneros J C; Damiani R; Schultz C; da 

Rosa A; C; Neto L W; Aurélio P L P. Proceedings 

of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 

2004, 271(1547): 1541 - 1546 

The small tetrapod Candelaria barbouri, from 

the Middle Triassic of southern Brazil, is the 

first example of an owenettid procolophonoid 

outside Africa and Madagascar. Candelaria barbouri 

was originally described as a primitive 

procolophonid; however, a re-examination of the 

holotype, as well as new material, reveals that C. 

barbouri is in fact the youngest member of the 

Owenettidae, extending the chronological range 

of the group by more than 10 million years. The 

recognition of C. barbouri as an owenettid 

points to a broader diversity and distribution for 

owenettids than hitherto thought. In addition, C. 

barbouri is the first member of the Owenettidae 

to exhibit temporal fenestrae, a discovery that 

draws attention to the significance of this feature 

in 'anapsid' reptiles. 

2006040403 

连接中白垩世南部陆块的新恐龙 = New dinosaurs 

link southern landmasses in the Mid- 

Cretaceous. ( 英文 ). Sereno P C; Wilson J A; 

Conrad J L. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 


1330 

Abelisauroid predators have been recorded 

almost exclusively from South America, India 

and Madagascar, a distribution thought to document 

persistent land connections exclusive of 

Africa. Here, we report fossils from three stratigraphic 

levels in the Cretaceous of Niger that 

provide definitive evidence that abelisauroid 

dinosaurs and their immediate antecedents were 

also present on Africa. The fossils include an 

immediate abelisauroid antecedent of Early Cretaceous 

age (ca. 130-110 Myr ago), early members 

of the two abelisauroid subgroups (Noasauridae, 

Abelisauridae) of Mid-Cretaceous age 

(ca. 110 Myr ago) and a hornless abelisaurid 

skull of early Late Cretaceous age (ca. 95 Myr 

ago). Together, these fossils fill in the early history 

of the abelisauroid radiation and provide 

key evidence for continued faunal exchange 

among Gondwanan landmasses until the end of 

the Early Cretaceous (ca. 100 Myr ago). 

2006040404 

三叠纪主要龟鳖类古生态揭示龟鳖类起源新 

的黎明 = Palaeoecology of Triassic stem turtles 

sheds new light on turtle origins. ( 英文 ). Joyce 

W J; Gauthier J A. Proceedings of the Royal 

Society B: Biological Sciences, 2004, 271(1534): 

1 - 5 

Competing hypotheses of early turtle evolution 

contrast sharply in implying very different 

ecological settings—aquatic versus terrestrial— 

for the origin of turtles. We investigate the palaeoecology 

of extinct turtles by first demonstrating 

that the forelimbs of extant turtles faithfully 

reflect habitat preferences, with shorthanded 

turtles being terrestrial and long-handed 

turtles being aquatic. We apply this metric to the 

two successive outgroups to all living turtles 

with forelimbs preserved, Proganochelys 

quenstedti and Palaeochersis talampayensis, to 

discover that these earliest turtle outgroups were 

decidedly terrestrial. We then plot the observed 

distribution of aquatic versus terrestrial habits 

among living turtles onto their hypothesized 

phylogenies. Both lines of evidence indicate that 

although the common ancestor of all living turtles 

was aquatic, the earliest turtles clearly lived 

in a terrestrial environment. Additional anatomical 

and sedimentological evidence favours these 

conclusions. The freshwater aquatic habitat preference 

so characteristic of living turtles cannot, 

consequently, be taken as positive evidence for 

an aquatic origin of turtles, but must rather be 

considered a convergence relative to other 

aquatic amniotes, including the marine sauropterygians 

to which turtles have sometimes been 

allied. 

2006040405 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚东北部上白垩统 

Kaskapau 组土仑阶中期恐龙古环境 = Middle 

Turonian dinosaur paleoenvironments in the 

Upper Cretaceous Kaskapau Formation, northeast 

British Columbia. ( 英文 ). Rylaarsdam J R.; 

Varban B L; Plint A G; BuckleyL G; McCrea R 

T. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2006, 

43(6): 631-652(22) 

The Kaskapau Formation is a mudstonedominated 

wedge up to 950 m thick that spans 

late Cenomanian to middle Turonian time. The 

formation has a prominent wedge geometry and 

was deposited in the foredeep of the Western 

Canada Foreland Basin. In outcrop in northeast 

British Columbia, nearshore sandstones are locally 

well developed and include rare wedges of 

nonmarine strata. On Quality Creek, near Tumbler 

Ridge, 11 m of nonmarine strata contain 

abundant dinosaur tracks and the first in situ 

dinosaur bone reported from British Columbia. 

This site, at a paleolatitude of about 67°N, preserves 

a rare glimpse of Turonian terrestrial environments 

during global eustatic highstand. 

Three main dinosaur habitats are recognized: 

strandplain and beach-ridge; freshwater lake; 

and brackish lagoon. Back-beach sandstone has 

107

a relief of about 2.5 m, interpreted as beach 

ridges; sandy coals containing abundant dinosaur 

tracks represent inter-ridge slough deposits. 

Overlying lake deposits comprising laminated 

muds with freshwater molluscs grade up into 

rooted muddy siltstone and locally, dinoturbated 

sandstone. Lake deposits are capped by lagoonal 

mudstone with abundant brackish-water molluscs, 

locally including a dinosaur-trampled oyster 

bioherm. The upper parts of sandy lagoonal 

deltas are pervasively dinoturbated. Sandstone 

filling a tidal channel contains logs, oyster shells, 

and bones of dinosaurs, turtles, and crocodiles, 

as well as fish scales. The lagoonal succession is 

erosively overlain by offshore sandy mudstones. 

Various lines of evidence suggest that the mean 

annual temperature at this sea-level location was 

about 14 °C, with a cold-month mean no less 

than 5.5 °C. The high-latitude location implies a 

significant period of winter darkness, and correspondingly 

diminished plant productivity. 

2006040406 

早三叠世爬行动物 Procolophon trigoniceps 

颅后骨骼、系统发育位置和可能的生活方式 

= The postcranial skeleton, phylogenetic position, 

and probable lifestyle of the Early Triassic 

reptile Procolophon trigoniceps. ( 英文 ). deBraga 

M. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2003, 

40(4): 527-556 

A morphological study of the postcranial 

skeleton of Procolophon trigoniceps from the 

Lower Triassic of South Africa and Antarctica is 

undertaken. Procolophon shares a sister-group 

relationship with the procolophonid Tichvinskia 

from the Lower Triassic of Russia and is a basal 

member of Procolophonidae. This clade also 

includes the enigmatic taxon Sclerosaurus, believed 

most recently to be a pareiasaur relative. 

Owenettids form a separate lineage from Procolophonidae 

and are predominantly restricted to 

the Permian of both South Africa and Madagascar. 

A phylogenetically based assessment is considered, 

in which specialized modern taxa (sand 

lizards) are compared to their nonfossorial sister 

clade, allowing for "key innovations" to be identified. 

A similar comparison between owenettids 

and procolophonids reveals a number of apparent 

"key innovations" within procolophonids that 

are suggestive of a burrowing lifestyle for Procolophon. 

2006040407 

加拿大艾尔伯塔晚白垩世非海相龟鳖类评述 

= A review of nonmarine turtles from the Late 

Cretaceous of Alberta. ( 英文 ). Brinkman D B. 


40(4): 557-571 

The Late Cretaceous of Alberta preserves one 

of the most complete records of fossil turtles 

within a single geographic area in North America. 

The Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation contains 

the earliest record of the family Trionychidae 

in North America. The Santonian Milk River 

Formation contains a minimum of ten taxa with 

Adocus, a small trionychid, and a member of the 

Solemydidae being the most abundant. Diversity 

remains high in the mid-Campanian Judith River 

Group. The solemyidid last occurs in the basal 

beds of the Judith River Group. A member of the 

Macrobaenidae first occurs in the Dinosaur Park 

Formation, the uppermost formation in the Judith 

River Group. Turtles diversity is low in the 

late Campanian lower Horseshoe Canyon Formation, 

and they are absent in the early Maastrichtian 

upper Horseshoe Canyon Formation. 

Diversity increases in the late Maastrichtian 

Scollard Formation, although it is much less than 

in the contemporaneous Hell Creek Formation of 

Montana. Two of the taxa present in the Scollard 

Formation, Compsemys and Plastomenus, occur 

in late Campanian or early Maastrichtian formations 

in more southerly areas of North America. 

The changes in turtle diversity through the Campanian 

and Maastrichtian are interpreted as a 

result of shifts in a latitudinal turtle diversity 

gradient resulting from changes in climate. 

Based on this interpretation a decrease in temperature 

from the mid-Campanian to early Maastrichtian, 

followed by a rapid increase at the beginning 

of the late Maastrichtian is supported. 

2006040408 

爬行动物喙头目颞颥骨区域的功能形态 = 

Functional morphology of the temporal region in 

the Rhynchocephalia. ( 英文 ). Wu X C. Canadian 


589-607 

Study of the functional morphology of the 

temporal region of the Rhynchocephalia by 

means of the analysis of jaw musculature and 

bone structures in living lepidosaurians suggests 

that the streptostyly of the quadrate is a derived 

state in the Lepidosauria and that its origin may 

have been coupled with the loss of the M. pterygoideus 

atypicus. Further, this analysis supports 

the view that the retention of a fixed quadrate in 

early rhynchocephalians with an incomplete 

lower temporal bar may have been required for 

precise tooth occlusion and suggests that a solid 

lower temporal bar in later rhynchocephalians 

may have served as a brace to support the lateral 

side of the quadrate condyle and thus prevent it 

from twisting anteriorly rather than posteriorly 

during the jaw cycle. It is hypothesized that a 

common ancestor shared by the Rhynchocephalia 

and Squamata had a skull with an incomplete 

lower temporal bar but a rigid quadrate. 

It is also hypothesized that the presence of the 

anterior portion of the M. pterygoideus (MPT) is 

108

a primitive state, and that the size of the pterygoid 

flange may have been a good indicator of 

the presence of the anterior portion of the MPT 

in fossil reptiles. As in Sphenodon, if the mandible 

is able to move anteroposteriorly, it must 

retract first during the jaw cycle in those reptiles 

in which a pterygoid flange is retained. 

2006040409 

爬行动物喙头目颞颥骨区域的功能形态 = 

Functional morphology of the temporal region in 

the Rhynchocephalia. ( 英文 ). Wu X C. Canadian 


589-607 

Study of the functional morphology of the 

temporal region of the Rhynchocephalia by 

means of the analysis of jaw musculature and 

bone structures in living lepidosaurians suggests 

that the streptostyly of the quadrate is a derived 

state in the Lepidosauria and that its origin may 

have been coupled with the loss of the M. pterygoideus 

atypicus. Further, this analysis supports 

the view that the retention of a fixed quadrate in 

early rhynchocephalians with an incomplete 

lower temporal bar may have been required for 

precise tooth occlusion and suggests that a solid 

lower temporal bar in later rhynchocephalians 

may have served as a brace to support the lateral 

side of the quadrate condyle and thus prevent it 

from twisting anteriorly rather than posteriorly 

during the jaw cycle. It is hypothesized that a 

common ancestor shared by the Rhynchocephalia 

and Squamata had a skull with an incomplete 

lower temporal bar but a rigid quadrate. 

It is also hypothesized that the presence of the 

anterior portion of the M. pterygoideus (MPT) is 

a primitive state, and that the size of the pterygoid 

flange may have been a good indicator of 

the presence of the anterior portion of the MPT 

in fossil reptiles. As in Sphenodon, if the mandible 

is able to move anteroposteriorly, it must 

retract first during the jaw cycle in those reptiles 

in which a pterygoid flange is retained. 

2006040410 

中侏罗统喙头蜥类 Cynosphenodon huizachalensis 

的齿和颚的生长模式和个体发育 

变化 = Growth patterns and ontogenetic variation 

of the teeth and jaws of the Middle Jurassic 

sphenodontian Cynosphenodon huizachalensis 

(Reptilia : Rhynchocephalia). ( 英文 ). Reynoso V 

H. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2003, 

40(4): 609-619 

Growth patterns in teeth and jaws of the Middle 

Jurassic sphenodontian Cynosphenodon huizachalensis 

are compared to those of the extant 

Sphenodon, showing extreme similarity. Both 

taxa share the unique presence of a hatchling 

tooth series divided into anterior uniform size 

and posterior alternating size tooth regions by 

the eruption of successional teeth early in life, an 

ever-growing second-generation successional 

tooth that becomes a caniniform tooth in adults, 

and a symphysial region that grows anteriorly 

but with a differential faster rate in the dorsal 

margin, enlarging considerably the length between 

the caniniform tooth and the anterior tip 

of the dentary, and increasing the angle of the 

anterior margin of the symphysis. The sistergroup 

relationships of Sphenodon and Cynosphenodon 

have been supported by the simple 

presence of a single caniniform tooth, but this 

tooth is shown to be a complex structure involving 

several other ontogenetic related synapomorphies 

as follows: (i) it is a second-generation 

successional tooth that replaces a first-generation 

successional tooth; (ii) it emerges between the 

anterior hatchling teeth and the alternating size 

hatchling series, replacing some teeth of the latter; 

(iii) it grows continuously in height and 

width during life at a rate faster than that of 

tooth wear; (iv) it denotes regionalization in the 

symphysis, marking previously undetected 

growing points of the dentary; and (v) it shows 

the posterior limit of the edentulous anterior 

margin diagnostic to Sphenodontinae. New developmental 

information about the caniniform 

tooth strongly supports the structure as a homologous 

character, endorsing the sister-group 

relationships of Cynosphenodon and Sphenodon. 

Developmental comparisons can provide good 

evidence concerning the homology of a similar 

character present in two or more taxa. These 

studies are particularly useful if a clade is 

weakly supported by a single character. 

2006040411 

中国三叠纪的 Lariosaurus xingyiensis = Lariosaurus 

xingyiensis (Reptilia : Sauropterygia) 

from the Triassic of China. ( 英文 ). Rieppel O; 

Li J L; Jun L. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2003, 40(4): 621-634 

The anatomy of a specimen of Lariosaurus 

xingyiensis (IVPP V 11866) from the Middle 

Triassic of southern China is described in detail. 

The specimen ranks among the best preserved of 

its genus. Specimen IVPP V 11866 is the first 

unequivocal record of the occurrence of Lariosaurus 

in the Triassic of southern China, indeed 

the first record of this genus outside the western 

Tethyan province. A cladistic analysis using 

parsimony found IVPP V 11866 to represent the 

sister taxon of Lariosaurus calcagnii from the 

Middle Triassic of the southern Alps. This result 

reinforces the signal for western Tethyan paleobiogeographic 

relationships of the Triassic marine 

reptiles from southern China. 

2006040412 

109

加拿大新斯科舍上三叠统 Wolfville 组一独特 

的新初龙类 = An unusual new archosauromorph 

reptile from the Upper Triassic Wolfville 

Formation of Nova Scotia. ( 英文 ). Sues H D. 


40(4): 635-649 

An unusual new reptile, Teraterpeton hrynewichorum, 

is described based on a partial skeleton. 

The holotype comes from the Upper Triassic 

Wolfville Formation (Newark Supergroup) of 

Nova Scotia. The temporal region of the skull is 

of the euryapsid type. The premaxillary rostrum 

and dentary symphysis are elongate and edentulous. 

The dentition comprises distinctive, occluding 

upper and lower teeth. A phylogenetic 

analysis shows that Teraterpeton hrynewichorum 

is an archosauromorph reptile. Trilophosaurus 

buettneri from the Upper Triassic Dockum 

Group of Texas may represent a closely related 

species. 

2006040413 

北美和亚洲上白垩统恐霸王龙的异速生长 = 

Allometric growth in tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria 

: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous 

of North America and Asia. ( 英文 ). Currie P J. 


40(4): 651-665 

Many tyrannosaurid skeletons have been collected 

in Canada, the United States, and Mongolia. 

These fossils tend to represent mature individuals, 

but juveniles are also known. Skeletons 

of five genera of tyrannosaurids representing 

two distinct clades (albertosaurines and tyrannosaurines) 

were measured, and bivariate analysis 

was done on 85 dimensions. Allometric differences 

among mature specimens of different species 

are shown to be trivial when compared with 

the allometric differences associated with growth. 

Nevertheless, albertosaurines tend to be more 

lightly built than tyrannosaurines. When compared 

with a tyrannosaurine of the same absolute 

size, albertosaurines had slightly shorter, lower 

skulls, shorter ilia, longer tibiae, longer metatarsals, 

and longer toes. The arms of albertosaurines 

and tyrannosaurines are the same size, 

with the exception of Tarbosaurus, which has 

shorter front limb elements. Tooth counts show 

individual and interspecific variation, but there is 

no evidence that tooth numbers are controlled by 

the size or age of an animal. Dinotyrannus, Jenghizkhan, 

Maleevosaurus, Shanshanosaurus, 

Stygivenator, and possibly Nanotyrannus have 

proportions that suggest they are ontogenetic 

stages of either Tarbosaurus or Tyrannosaurus. 

2006040414 

Archaeovenator hamiltonensis: 美国堪萨斯上 

石炭统一新巨蜥 = Archaeovenator hamiltonensis, 

a new varanopid (Synapsida : Eupelycosauria) 

from the Upper Carboniferous of Kansas. 

( 英文 ). Reisz R R; Dilkes D W. Canadian Journal 


Study of a nearly complete skeleton of a small 

amniote, preserved as part and counterpart in 

Upper Carboniferous limestone slabs of the 

Hamilton Quarry, Kansas, indicates that it is a 

new genus and species of varanopid synapsid. 

Archaeovenator hamiltonensis gen. and sp. nov. 

is the oldest known varanopid. Phylogenetic 

analysis indicates that it is the sister taxon to all 

other known varanopids. Discovery of this new 

varanopid is important because it improves our 

knowledge of the terrestrial fauna of the Hamilton 

quarry, expands the known diversity of Late 

Carboniferous basal synapsids, and extends the 

fossil record of Varanopidae deeper within the 

Stephanian. Varanopidae has the longest fossil 

record (Late Carboniferous - upper Middle Permian) 

of all known clades of basal synapsids. 

2006040415 

乌拉圭晚侏罗世 - 早白垩世 Tacuarembo 组兽 

足类动物的首次报道 = First report of theropods 

from the Tacuarembo Formation (Late Jurassic-Early 

Cretaceous), Uruguay. ( 英文 ). Perea 

D; Ubilla M; Rojas A. Alcheringa, 2003, 27(1/2): 

79-83 

Dinosaur remains from the lower part of the 

Tacuarembo Formation, Uruguay, consist of the 

isolated theropod teeth described here. This is 

the first record of this group in the Tacuarembo 

Formation and represents the oldest dinosaur 

remains from Uruguay. 

2006040416 

墨西哥东北部上侏罗统提通阶新的扁鳄龙类 

= A new thalattosuchian crocodyliform from the 

Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) of northeastern Mexico. 

( 英文 ). Buchy M C; Vignaud P; Frey E; 

Stinnesbeck W; Gonzalez A H G. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(6): 785-794 

Recent fieldwork in the Early Tithonian of 

northeastern Mexico has yielded the partial cranium 

and associated fragmentary postcranial 

elements of a thalattosuchian. The specimen is 

described and referred to a new species of the 

genus Geosaurus characterised by elongated, 

narrow, oval supratemporal fenestrae, and a prefrontal 

that excludes the frontal from the centre 

of the dorsal margin of the orbits; the cranium is 

gracile and was probably more longirostrine than 

occurs in other members of this genus. The new 

taxon represents the second occurrence of the 

genus Geosaurus in the Mexican Gulf and is in 

agreement with the partial isolation of the area 

during the Late Jurassic, which was previously 

suggested by the microfossil and invertebrate 

110

2006040417 

为海龟目陆龟科 Testudo hermanni 种建立的 

新属 Eurotestudo = Eurotestudo, a new genus 

for the species Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789 

(Chelonii, Testudinidae). ( 英文 ). de Broin F D; 

Bour R; Parham J F; Perala J. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(6): 803-811 

The new genus is created to include the species 

of the hermanni group, which is within 

Testudo s.l., a Palearctic genus, consequently 

separated from both Testudo s.s. and Agrionemys. 

A preliminary cladistic analysis of the osteological 

characters, including fossil species, demonstrated 

the splitting of the three lineages, probably 

since the Oligocene and surely at the Upper 

Miocene. Diagnosis of the new genus is based 

on a collection of features. The main stages of 

evolution leading to the three lineages are provided. 

We also describe external characters of 

the extant species that could be considered as 

diagnostic. However, phylogenetic relationships 

between genera are not definitively established. 

2006040418 

法国汝拉南部晚侏罗世蜥脚类足迹地点 = A 

Late Jurassic sauropod tracksite from Southern 

Jura (France). ( 英文 ). Le Loeuff J; Gourrat C; 

Landry P; Hautier L; Liard R; Souillat C; Buffetaut 

E; Enay R. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 

5(5): 705-709 

The discovery of sauropod trackways in the 

Late Jurassic (Tithonian) of the Jura department 

(eastern France) is reported. More than 170 

footprints (pes and manus prints) comprise at 

least nine trackways. The footprints are referred 

to the ichnogenus Parabrontopodus, characterized 

by a narrow-gauge trackway. The locality 

of Coisia is the most important sauropod tracksite 

in France. 

2006040419 

初龙运动的演化 = The evolution of locomotion 

in archosaurs. ( 英文 ). Hutchinson J R. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2006, 5(3/4): 519-530 

Archosaurian reptiles evolved a more erect 

posture and parasagittal gait early on. Early dinosaurs 

were the first habitual striding bipeds, a 

trait retained by living birds. Yet there is much 

more to archosaur locomotor evolution than 

these two transitions. I review our understanding 

of the pattern of locomotor evolution from the 

first archosaurs to Crocodylia and Neomithes, 

outlining where transitions of locomotor function 

evolved. I evaluate current research approaches, 

advocating more experimental work 

on extant animals to establish rigorous formfunction 

relationships, and more biomechanical 

research that is bolstered by validation and sensitivity 

analysis of its assumptions, methods, and 

results. 

鸟类 

2006040420 

修订 Arthrodytes 的系统分类并将其归于 

Paraptenodytinae 亚科 = Systematic revision 

of Arthrodytes Ameghino, 1905 (Aves, Spheniscidae) 

and its assignment to the Paraptenodytinae. 

( 英文 ). Acosta Hospitaleche C. Neues 

Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / 

Monatschefte, 2005, (7): 404-414 

The systematic assignment of Arthrodytes 

from the San Julian Formation in the Santa Cruz 

Province, Argentina, is discussed. A revision of 

the materials included in the Paraptenodytinae is 

also given. As a consequence, Arthrodytes is 

here removed from the Subfamily Anthropornithinae 

and assigned to Paraptenodytinae. 

2006040421 

法国早第三纪 Quercy 裂缝中 Elaphrocnemus 

的三维保存的头颅化石 = Three-dimensionally 

preserved cranial remains of Elaphrocnemus 

(Aves, Cariamae) from the Paleogene Quercy 

fissure fillings in France. ( 英文 ). Mayr G; 

Mourer-Chauvire C. Neues Jahrbuch fur 

Geologie u. Palaontologie / Monatschefte, 2006, 

(1): 15-27 

The specimens are tentatively assigned to 

Elaphrocnemus phasianus , one of the most 

abundant avian species in these fossil deposits. 

They are the first skull remains assigned to this 

taxon and support its previous assignment to the 

Cariamae , which was based on a study of the 

postcranial remains. The new cranial specimens 

also show, however, that Elaphrocnemus differs 

subtantially from extant Cariamidae in several 

cranial features, especially concerning the shape 

of the beak, the overall morphology of the cranium, 

and the morphology of the basicranial area. 

2006040422 

具有全身羽毛的始祖鸟 : 评述和来自柏林标 

本的新证据 = Body plumage in Archaeopteryx: 

a review, and new evidence from the Berlin 

specimen. ( 英文 ). Christiansen P; Bonde N. 


The feathers of Archaeopteryx have been 

known for over 140 years, are the most important 

reason for its fame and avian status. Previous 

analyses have almost unanimously focused 

on the remiges and rectrices. Faint remains of 

what appears to be body contour feathers are, 

however, present in the Berlin specimen along 

the back, around the legs, and possibly anterior 

to the basal part of the neck. Although noted by 

numerous previous authors every reference to 

these feathers was anecdotal. Recent claims that 

111

ody feathers were once present but were mechanically 

removed appear unsubstantiated. 

Rather, the Berlin Archaeopteryx has to this day 

the same regions more or less intact as depicted 

on early drawings. The present study reveals that 

the impressions are very different from preparation 

scratches, and are consistent with body 

feathers. The counterslab corroborates this, and 

in several cases both raches and barbs can be 

made out. The preserved body feathers of the 

back and the legs evidently were considerably 

smaller than the flight feathers, and clearly pennaceous 

in nature. The state of preservation does 

not, however, permit secure inferences that these 

body feathers necessarily resembled body contour 

feathers on most extant volant birds, nor 

that such feathers were distributed all over the 

body, although this is one possible scenario. Alternatively, 

the feathers on the back and legs 

could have resembled more simple contour 

feathers with open vanes, present in, for instance, 

ratites. Faint impressions at the base of the neck 

may even represent ‘hair-like proto-feathers’, 

and if so have been generated from some sort of 

‘proto-apteria’, whereas the longer feathers with 

vanes on back and legs grew from ‘protopterylae’, 

corresponding to those areas with the 

longest neoptiles (embryonic downs), the first 

feathers to appear in embryos of several modern 

birds. 

2006040423 

鸟蛋壳的矿化作用 : 蛋白质的生物化学和功 

能特征 = Avian eggshell mineralization: biochemical 

and functional characterization of matrix 

proteins. ( 英文 ). Nys Y;Gautron J;Garcia- 

Ruiz J M; Hincke M T. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 549-562 

The eggshell of the hen is a highly ordered 

and mineralised structure, which is sequentially 

deposited within an acellular milieu – the uterine 

fluid secreted by the distal oviduct. Spherulitic 

crystal growth of calcite is initiated on organic 

aggregates on surface of the eggshell membranes, 

followed by competition between radial crystallites 

for space to form a compact columnar 

biomineral. The exceptional mechanical properties 

associated with the well-defined eggshell 

ultrastructure and texture arise from the control 

of crystal morphology and growth by the organic 

matrix, and, amongst them, proteins specific to 

the uterus and eggshell (ovocleidins and ovocalyxins). 

The changes in uterine fluid constituents 

with stages of egg calcification, their effects on 

morphology of calcite grown in vitro, and the 

relationship between eggshell texture and mechanical 

properties point to this control of eggshell 

fabric 

2006040424 

法国和意大利 Corsica 和 Sardinia 两地区更 

新世一种与草原鹰相近的鹰的一新种 = A 

new species of eagle (Aves: accipitridae) close 

to the Steppe Eagle, from the Pleistocene of Corsica 

and Sardinia, France and Italy. ( 英文 ). The 

hologype of Manemergus anguirostris n. gen. et 

sp. comprises the subcomplete axial skeleton and 

partial appendicular skeleton of an articulatedjuvenile 

individual. Owing to the young age of the 

specimen, the nature of anatomical variation 

during ontog. Palaeontographica Abt.A, 2005, 

272(5-6): 121-148 

New data about fossil eagles of the genus 

Aquila from Corsica and Sardiia are presented. 

They lead to the description of Aquila nipaloides 

n. sp., an extinct species of large size, related to 

the A. nipalensis-heliaca-adalberti clade. The 

finds represent the first evidence of a member of 

this clade from the fossil record. It also indicates 

the presence of A. nipalensis, or a close ancestor, 

in Europe during at least part of the Pleistocene. 

This is well in accordance with a widespread 

steppe-tundra environment. This fact also indicates 

that it will be necessary to take this species 

into account when identigying fossils from this 

period in Europe. 

2006040425 

早始新世鸟类 Gallinuloides wyomingensis— 

——— 鸡形目的一主干群代表分子 = The 

Early Eocene bird Gallinuloides wyomingensis - 

----a stem group representative of Galliformes. 

( 英文 ). Mayr G; Weidig I. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2004, 49(2): 211-217 

The new specimen clearly shows that Gallinuloides 

wyomingensis does not belong to crown 

group Galliformes as assumed by earlier authors. 

In particular, the primitive presence of a deeply 

excavated, concave facies articularis scapularis 

at the coracoid precludes the inclusion of G. 

wyomingensis into crown group Galliformes. 

Gallinuloides wyomingensis is morphologically 

very similar to Paraortygoides messelensis 

Mayr, a nearly contemporaneous galliform from 

Messel, Germany. The exclusive presence of 

stem group galliform birds in pre-Oligocene 

deposits does not support the Gondwanan origin 

of Galliformes as evidenced by the Southern 

Hemisphere distribution of basal crown group 

members. 

2006040426 

始新世鸟 Lithornis 的蛋壳 = The eggshell of 

the Eocene bird Lithornis. ( 英文 ). Grellet-Tinner 

G; Dyke G J. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2005, 50(4): 831-835 

Our description of eggshells of two species of 

Lithornis is consistent with the placement of this 

112

fossil bird within Palaeognathae. Characters that 

corroborate this position include the presence of 

three aprismatic structural layers visible by use 

of scanning electron microscope (SEM) in the 

eggshell microstructure. The placement of 

Lithornis phylogenetically close to the extant 

flighted South American group Tinamidae is 

supported on the basis of characters present in 

the structural composition of the eggshell layers 

of both these taxa. 

2006040427 

中国甘肃省长马附近早白垩世夏沟组第二个 

enantiornithean 鸟的翼 = A second enantiornithean 

(Aves : Ornithothoraces) wing from the 

Early Cretaceous Xiagou Formation near 

Changma, Gansu Province, People's Republic of 

China. ( 英文 ). Harris J D; Lamanna M C; You H 

L, Ji S A, Ji Q. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2006, 43(5): 547-554 

A new specimen of an enantiornithean bird 

from the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation of 

Gansu Province, northwestern China, consists of 

an articulated distal left humerus, ulna, radius, 

carpus, and manus. The specimen may represent 

a primitive enantiornithean because it lacks a 

longitudinal sulcus on the radius, has incompletely 

fused alular and major metacarpals, and 

possibly retains a remnant of a second phalanx 

on the minor digit. It differs from all other 

known enantiornitheans, and exhibits possible 

autapomorphies, including peculiar, flat humeral 

epicondyles, a pair of eminences on the distal 

minor metacarpal, and an enormous flexor tuberculum 

on the alular ungual. The specimen 

probably pertains to the same taxon as a previously 

described enantiornithean arm from 

Changma; the incompleteness of the taxon precludes 

erecting a new name, but it provides new 

information concerning enantiornithean diversity 

in the Early Cretaceous of central Asia. 

2006040428 

罗马尼亚白垩纪鸟类的命名 = Nomenclature 

of Cretaceous birds from Romania. ( 英文 ). Bock 

W J;Bühler P. Cretaceous Research, 1996, 17(4): 

509-514 

The nomenclature for some avian fossils from 

the Cretaceous of Romania is analysed. The 

valid names associated with the holotype specimen, 

left femur, distal fragment (MTCO-P 1637) 

arePalaeocursornis cornetiKessler & Jurcs á k, 

1984,PalaeocursornisKessler & Jurcsák, 1986, 

Palaeocursornithidae Jurcsák & Kessler, 1988, 

and Palaeocursornithiformes Kessler & Jurcsák, 

1986. The valid names associated with the holotype 

specimen, right humerus, distal fragment 

(MTCO-P 7896) areEurolimnornis cornetiKessler 

& Jurcsák, 1986, EurolimnornisKessler 

& Jurcs á k, 1986, Eurolimnornithidae 

Kessler & Jurcsák, 1986, and Eurolimnornithiformes 

Bock & Bühler, taking precedence from 

this paper. 

2006040429 

拉美白垩纪的鸟化石 = Cretaceous birds of 

Latin America. ( 英文 ). Chiappe L M. Cretaceous 

Research, 1991, 12(1): 55-63 

The fossil record of cretaceous birds from 

Latin America comprises occurrences in Mexico, 

Brazil, Chile and Argentina. Three different phylods 

of birds have been recognized: (1) the enantiornithines, 

the best represented, which probably 

had an important radiation in South America, 

(2) a new group of cursorial birds, which apparently 

acquired flightlessness independently from 

all other known birds, and (3) a marine group of 

foot-propelled divers. South American Cretaceous 

terrestrial birds show no clear affinities to 

modern birds, otherwise well known in the Late 

Cretaceous of North America. The apparent absence 

of the latter during the Late Cretaceous in 

South America, combined with the radiation of 

the enantiornithines, may indicate that South 

American Cretaceous avifaunas were isolated 

from those of the northern hemisphere. 

2006040430 

在第四纪时期鸟类多样性的发展速度 = The 

tempo of avian diversification during the Quaternary. 

( 英文 ). Zink R M; Klicka J; BarberB R. 

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 

B: Biological Sciences, 2004, 359(1442): 215 - 

220 

It is generally assumed that the Quaternary 

was a period of heightened diversification in 

temperate vertebrate organisms. Previous molecular 

systematics studies have challenged this 

assertion. We re-examined this issue in north 

temperate birds using log-lineage plots and distributions 

of sister-taxon distances. Log-lineage 

plots support earlier conclusions that avian diversification 

slowed during the Quaternary. To 

test plots of empirical sister-taxon distances we 

simulated three sets of phylogenies: constant 

speciation and extinction, a pulse of recent 

speciation, and a pulse of recent extinction. Previous 

opinions favour the model of recent speciation 

although our empirical dataset on 74 avian 

comparisons failed to reject a distribution derived 

from the constant and extinction models. 

Hence, it does not appear that the Quaternary 

was a period of exceptional rates of diversification, 

relative to the background rate. 

2006040431 

中国中生代鸟类概述 = Mesozoic birds of 

China--a synoptic review. ( 中文 ). 周忠和张福 

成 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(1): 74-98 

113

对中国中生代鸟类的发现和研究进行了简 

要的介绍。近年来生物地层学和年代地层学 

的工作表明 , 这些鸟类主要属于早白垩世的 

中晚期 (131 ~ 120Ma ), 延续了至少 

11Ma, 但主要的辐射发生在 125—120Ma 

间。为便于分析早白垩世鸟类多样性的演 

变 , 本文依据已发表的化石 , 新建了 6 个目 

和科 , 从而将中国早白垩世鸟类目的总数提 

高到了 15 个 , 进一步揭示了鸟类出现以来第 

一次大规模的辐射事件。这一大的辐射还表 

现在鸟类在形态、飞行能力、个体大小、食 

性和生态习性等均出现了显著的分异。早期 

鸟类进化过程中首先经历了个体减小过程 , 

其后在今鸟类中率先开始了个体增大的趋 

势。早期鸟类个体大小的变化受其飞行能力 

的限制 ; 同时还与食性、习性等的变化密切 

相关。对热河鸟的进一步分析表明 , 其脚趾 

可能不具备完全对握的功能 , 但这并不影响 

其攀援树干的能力。树栖的适应对鸟类飞行 

的起源及其早期演化具有重要的影响 , 同 

样 , 适应湖岸生活方式对今鸟类的起源演化 

具有重要的意义。中国早白垩世的鸟类保存 

了许多食性的直接证据。推测最早的鸟类以 

食昆虫为主 , 尔后才出现了特化的植食性和 

肉食性 ( 如食鱼类 ) 的种类。早白垩世发现 

的惟一一件鸟类的胚胎化石表明早成性鸟类 

在鸟类演化史上的出现先于晚成性的鸟类。 

此外 , 根据胚胎的大小等特征推测这一鸟类 

可能还具有较短的孵化周期。腿羽在早期鸟 

类中可能具有广泛的分布 , 这一观察进一步 

表明腿羽在鸟类祖先的飞行之初曾经发挥了 

重要的作用。最后 , 探讨鸟类的演化离不开 

它所生活的生态系统。鸟类与其他生物如翼 

龙竞争中的优势可能直接导致了鸟类的快速 

发展和分化 ; 同时 , 这些类群相互间的竞争 

对翼龙等其他生物的地理扩散也具有重要的 

影响。 

2006040432 

中国辽宁早白垩世原始鸟 Sapeornis chaoyangensis 

的解剖 = Anatomy of the primitive 

bird Sapeornis chaoyangensis from the Early 

Cretaceous of Liaoning, China. ( 英文 ). Zhou 

Zhonghe; Zhang Fucheng. Canadian Journal of 


Two new, nearly completely articulated skeletons 

of Sapeornis chaoyangensis provide much 

new information about the anatomy of this basal 

avian, particularly in the skull, pectoral girdle, 

forelimb, and hind limb. This new material 

shows that the hand of Sapeornis, with a phalangeal 

formula of "2-3-2," was more derived 

than previously reconstructed. The skeleton of 

Sapeornis has several unique features, such as a 

distinctively elongated fenestra. on the proximal 

end of the humerus, a robust furcula with a distinctive 

hypocleidum, and an elongated forelimb. 

Sapeornis exhibits a combination of derived and 

primitive features, including a short, robust nonstrut-like 

coracoid and a fibula reaching the distal 

end of the tarsal joint (as in Archaeopteryx), a 

pygostyle, reduced manual digits, and a wellfused 

carpometacarpus (as in more advanced 

birds). These features further indicate the mosaic 

pattern in the early evolution of birds and confirm 

the basal position of Sapeornis near Archaeopteryx 

and Jeholornic in the phylogeny of 

early birds. The preservation of gastroliths in 

one of the new specimens also represents the 

first Chinese Mesozoic bird with such evidence, 

indicating a herbivorous feeding habit and providing 

further evidence for our understanding of 

the diet diversification in early avian evolution. 

哺乳类 

2006040433 

俄罗斯西弗斯克 (Sevsk) 毛猛犸象 

(Mammuthus primigenius) 化石地点 : 埋藏 

学、生物学和行为解释 = The Sevsk woolly 

mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) site in 

Russia: Taphonomic, biological and behavioral 

interpretations. ( 英文 ). Maschenko E N; Gablina 

S S; Tesakov A S; Simakova A N. Quaternany 

International, 2005, 142-143(): 147-165 

Excavations at Sevsk, Bryansk Region, Russia, 

by the Paleontological Institute of the Russian 

Academy of Sciences in 1988–1991 recovered 

3800 bones of woolly mammoth (Mammuthus 

primigenius Blum.) representing a minimum of 

33 individuals. The locality is one of the largest 

naturally occurring deposits of mammoth remains 

in Europe and is inferred to be a catastrophic 

death assemblage. The material includes 

five skeletons of juvenile mammoths, from 1 

month to 6 or 7 years of age, as well as partial 

skeletons and isolated bones of adult individuals. 

A femur and humerus of an approximately 10– 

12-month-old fetus are also among the finds. 

Morphological features suggest that the Sevsk 

mammoths belonged to one family group; the 

age structure and sexual composition of the assemblage 

do not differ significantly from that of 

a family group of Modern African elephants. In 

contrast to other localities in Siberia and central 

Russia, relatively more (about 45% of individuals) 

prepubertal animals are preserved at Sevsk. 

Radiocarbon dates indicate that the mammoths 

died about 14,000 years ago. Data from diatoms, 

pollen and rodents, as well as archeological evidence, 

corroborate this age, and provide the basis 

for a paleoenvironmental reconstruction at 

the end of the Valdaian Glaciation in western 

Russia. 

114

2006040434 

俄联邦西伯利亚北极泰米尔半岛地区 

CERPOLEX/Mammuthus 探险考察结果 = 

Results of the CERPOLEX/Mammuthus Expeditions 

on the Taimyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia, 

Russian Federation. ( 英文 ). Mol D; Tikhonov A; 

van der Plicht J; Kahlke R-D; Debruyne R; van 

Geel B; van Reenen G; Pals J P; de Marliave C; 

Reumer J W F. Quaternany International, 2005, 

142-143(): 186-202 

During a series of expeditions organized by 

CERPOLEX/Mammuthus to the Taimyr region 

in northern Siberia several mammoth (Mammuthus 

primigenius) carcasses were discovered and 

subsequently excavated and studied. The oldest 

specimen is the Arilakh Mammoth (ca. 

55,800 BP). Much younger are the Jarkov 

Mammoth (ca. 20,380 BP) and the Fishhook 

Mammoth (ca. 20,620 BP), and still much 

younger are well-preserved Holocene mammoth 

remains (

the adaptive role of horns in the Mylagaulidae 

(Mammalia: Rodentia). ( 英文 ). Hopkins S S B. 

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2005, 272(1573): 1705 - 1713 

Ceratogaulus, a member of the extinct fossorial 

rodent clade Mylagaulidae, is the only 

known rodent with horns and the smallest known 

horned mammal. The function of the large, dorsally 

projecting nasal horns on this burrowing 

animal has been the subject of wide speculation 

among palaeontologists; suggested uses range 

from sexual combat to burrowing. Mammals 

have evolved adaptations for digging repeatedly; 

horns and other cranial appendages have also 

evolved numerous times. These two adaptations 

co-occur in mammals extremely rarely: only two 

fossil genera (Ceratogaulus and the xenarthran 

Peltephilus) and no extant mammals are both 

horned and fossorial. Tracing the evolution of 

fossoriality in aplodontoid rodents (the larger 

clade to which Ceratogaulus belongs) reveals 

that Ceratogaulus descended from ancestors who 

dug by head-lifting. Whereas this suggests an 

obvious explanation for the horns of this rodent, 

evidence from functional morphology, anatomy, 

phylogeny and geologic context indicates that 

the horns in Ceratogaulus were used for defence, 

rather than digging, and evolved to offset increased 

predation costs associated with spending 

more time foraging above ground as body size 

increased. 

2006040439 

旱獭的系统发育与气候变化的比较揭示演化 

历史和气候的关系 = Comparison of climate 

space and phylogeny of Marmota (Mammalia: 

Rodentia) indicates a connection between evolutionary 

history and climate preference. ( 英文 ). 

Davis E B. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 

Biological Sciences, 2005, 272(1562): 519 - 526 

Palaeobiologists have investigated the evolutionary 

responses of extinct organisms to climate 

change, and have also used extinct organisms to 

reconstruct palaeoclimates. There is evidence of 

a disconnection between climate change and 

evolution that suggests that organisms may not 

be accurate palaeoclimate indicators. Here, 

marmots (Marmota sp.) are used as a case study 

to examine whether similarity of climate preferences 

is correlated with evolutionary relatedness 

of species. This study tests for a relationship 

between phylogenetic distance and `climate distance' 

of species within a clade. There should be 

a significant congruence between maximum 

likelihood distance and standardized Euclidian 

distance between climates if daughter species 

tend to stay in environments similar to parent 

species. Marmots make a good test case because 

there are many extant species, their phylogenies 

are well established and individual survival is 

linked to climatic factors. A Mantel test indicates 

a significant correlation between climate 

and phylogenetic distance matrices, but this relationship 

explains only a small fraction of the 

variance (regression R2=0.114). These results 

suggest that (i) closely related species of marmots 

tend to stay in similar environments; (ii) 

marmots may be more susceptible than many 

mammals to global climate change; and (iii) because 

of the considerable noise in this system, 

the correlation cannot be used for detailed palaeoclimate 

reconstruction. 

2006040440 

巴西皮奥伊 Serra da Capivara 国家公园地区 

第四纪哺乳动物一新种 Scelidodon piauiense 

= Scelidodon piauiense nov. sp., a new Mylodontidae 

Scelidotherinae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) 

of the Quaternary of the Serra da Capivara National 

Park region (Piaui, Brazil). ( 英文 ). Guérin 

C; Faure M. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 

3(1): 35-42 

The skull, mandible and postcranial skeleton 

of a new species of Scelidodon, S. piauiense nov. 

sp., were discovered in 2002 in the Toca do Barrigudo, 

Serra da Capivara National Park Region, 

southeastern Piauí, Brazil. About as large as S. 

chiliensis from the Upper Pleistocene of Chile, 

Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, S. piauiense presents 

different proportions. The new species was identified 

from the nearby site of Toca do Garrincho, 

where it is sympatrical with Catonyx cuvieri. 

Such a discovery much extends the area occupied 

by Scelidodon during the Pleistocene. 

2006040441 

亚洲哺乳动物 Proprimates 最老的近猴类型 

及其与北美动物群互换的古生物地理意义 = 

Oldest Plesiadapiform (Mammalia, Proprimates) 

from Asia and its palaeobiogeographical implications 

for faunal interchange with North America. 

( 英文 ). Smith T; Van Itterbeeck J; Missiaen 

P. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(1): 43-52 

Carpolestid plesiadapiforms are well known in 

several lineages from the North American Palaeocene, 

but they are absent from Europe and 

known, until now, by only two taxa from the 

Early Eocene of Asia. Here we describe a new 

genus of Carpolestinae from the Late Palaeocene 

locality of Subeng in Inner Mongolia (China). In 

its morphological characteristics, Subengius 

mengi n. gen. n. sp. is phylogenetically close to 

Elphidotarsius and Carpodaptes from the western 

interior of North America. This discovery 

shows that plesiadapiforms dispersed from North 

America to Asia long before the mammalian 

migration waves of the Palaeocene/Eocene 

boundary 

116

2006040442 

上侏罗统 Paulchoffatiidae 科的上颌 - 前臼齿 

构造 = Der Bau der Oberkiefer-Pramolaren bei 

den Paulchoffatiidae (Multituberculata; Ober- 

Jura). ( 德文 ). Hahn G; Hahn R. Geologica et 

Palaeontologica, 2005, 39(): 55-78 

Treated are 330 isolated upper premolars of 

the Paulchoffatiidae G. Hahn, 1969. They are 

described, grouped and, if possible, attached to 

taxa known by their dentition in situ. 

2006040443 

美国怀俄明州始新世 Green River 组一 

Palaeosinopa 属的极其完整的骨骼及该科其 

它颅后骨骼化石 = An Exceptionally complete 

Skeleton of Palaeosinopa (Mammalia, Cimolesta, 

Pantolestidae) from the Green River Formation, 

and Other Postcranial Elements of the Pantolestidae 

from the Eocene of Wyoming (USA). ( 英 

文 ). Rose K D; v. Koenigswald W. 

Palaeontographica Abt.A, 2005, 273(3-6): 55-96 

We describe a virtually complete, articulated 

skeleton of the pantolestid Palaeosinopa. It is 

the oldest known pantolestid skeleton and the 

most compete pantolestid remains known from 

North America. We also illustrate and compare a 

second nearly complete skeleton of Palaeosinopa 

from the same locality in the Fossil Butte 

Member. The skeletons come from Thompson 

ranch Quarry in the lake-margin facies of Fossil 

Lake. Based on the intact, articulated condition 

of the principal skeleton, it was apparently preserved 

in a locally anaerobic environment; disruption 

of the pelvic and proximal caudal region 

probable resuted from explosion of gases accumulating 

inside the carcass. The abdominal region 

of this specimen contains fish remains. In 

addition to the Fossil Butte skeletons, other pantolestid 

postcranial remains from North America 

are described. The anatomy and taphonomy of 

the Fossil Butte skeletons, strengthened by supplemental 

specimens, suggest that pantolestids 

were both proficient burrowers and capable 

swimmers, as previously inferred from the 

analysis of the Messel specimen of Buxolestes. 

When swimming, they probably propelled themselves 

by hind-limb padding and dorsoventral 

undulation of the tail, in amanner approximating 

that of otters. 

2006040444 

齿组织的成岩趋向 = Diagenetic trends of dental 

tissues. ( 英文 ). Dauphin Y;Williams C T. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 583-590 

Dentine and enamel from mammal teeth of 

modern fresh samples, regurgitated pellets, carnivore 

faeces and fossil samples have been studied 

from a variety of locations in terms of their 

microstructure and chemical composition. 

Enamel is more durable than dentine during fossilisation, 

and consequently is less altered in 

terms of its composition. Statistical analyses of 

the data show that contents of several elements 

differ between enamel and dentine; that fossil 

teeth are generally depleted in Mg and Na, and 

enriched in Fe and Sr relative to modern samples, 

and that the different fossil sites can be discriminated. 

2006040445 

美国怀俄明州下始新统化石 Butter 段首例 

Apatemyid 的骨骼及与德国 Messel 地区欧洲 

该类群的比较 = First Apatemyid Skeleton from 

the Lower Eocene Fossil Butte Member, Wyoming 

(USA), Compared to the European Apatemyid 

from Messel, Germany. ( 英文 ). v. 

Konenigswald W; Rose K D; Grande L; Martin 

R D. Palaeontographica Abt.A, 2005, 272(5-6): 

149-169 

An almost complete articulated skeleton of 

Apatemys chardini is described from the Fossil 

Butte Member, in southwestern Wyoming. The 

animal has a head-and-body length of about 15 

cm and a tail length of 21 cm. It shows clear 

adaptations for arboreal habits. Apatemys shows 

a close relationship to the European Heterohyus 

from Messel, which is a few million years 

younger and shows a somewhat higher degree of 

specialization in the hand structure. Close 

sililarities in the highly specialized dentition and 

the elongation of the same fingers indicate that 

the apateyids from North America and Europe 

shared the same dietary adaptation for feeding 

on wood-boring larvae, exploiting an ecological 

niche now occupied by woodpeckers in most 

parts of the world. Among extant mammals only 

the marsupial Dactylopsila in New Guinea and 

northeastern Australia and the lemur Daubentonia 

in Madagascar forage in this way. 

2006040446 

澳大利亚维多利亚西南部 Ektopodontidae 科 

的较年轻分子 = Further Ektopodontidae (Phalangeroidea, 

Mammalia) from southwestern Victoria. 

( 英文 ). Rich T H; Piper K J; Pickering D; 

Wright S. Alcheringa, 2006, 30(1): 133-140 

The youngest members of the Ektopodontidae, 

an enigmatic family of Phalangeroidea, are reported 

from Southwestern Victoria. Four isolated 

teeth are described as Ektopodon paucicristata 

sp. nov. (from the ?mid-?late Pliocene, and early 

Pliocene) and two isolated Pleistocene teeth are 

assigned to Darcius duggani Rich, 1986. Previously, 

the youngest known ektopodontid was 

early Pliocene. 

2006040447 

117

异关节动物牙齿闭合表面区与个体大小、食 

性和其它生物特征的关系 = Dental occlusal 

surface area in relation to body mass, food habits 

and other biological features in fossil 

xenarthrans. ( 英文 ). Vizcaino S F, Bargo M S, 

Cassini G H. Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 11-26 

The Xenarthra includes the most intriguing 

mammals from the Cenozoic of South America: 

the glyptodonts (Cingulata) and the ground 

sloths (Tardigrada). Their masticatory apparatuses 

are diverse and peculiar, with a strongly 

reduced, hypselodont dentition that lacks enamel 

and displays different degrees of lobation. The 

goal of this study is to investigate the relationship 

between dental occlusal surface area (OSA) 

and diet, and other physiological factors in fossil 

xenarthrans. Over one hundred and fifty specimens, 

including living herbivorous epitherians 

and both extinct and living xenarthrans, were 

measured and photographed, and their OSA estimated 

and plotted against body mass. For most 

fossil xenarthrans OSA is smaller than expected 

for extant herbivorous mammals of equivalent 

body size. Within xenarthrans, cingulates show 

the highest OSA values, Suggesting more extensive 

oral food processing than in tardigrades. 

Among ground sloths, mylodontids have extremely 

low OSA values, suggesting low efficiency 

in oral food processing that was probably 

compensated by high fermentation in the digestive 

tract, or lower metabolic requirements, or a 

combination of both adaptations. On the other 

hand, Megatherium americanum has an OSA 

expected for, or even higher than that of, a 

mammal of its size, which indicates higher oral 

food processing, lower fermentation capacity, 

and/or higher metabolic requirements. 

2006040448 

突然转向是 Macrauchenia patachonica 的逃 

逸策略 = Swerving as the escape strategy of 

Macrauchenia patachonica Owen (Mammalia; 

Litopterna). ( 英文 ). Farina R A; Blanco R E; 

Christiansen P. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(4): 751- 

760 

The Lujanian megamammals (late Pleistocene 

of South America) show many palaeoautecological 

peculiarities. The present paper studies one 

of them, the locomotor habits of Macrauchenia 

patachonica Owen, through those morphological 

features related with its possible antipreclation 

strategy. To avoid predation (especially by the 

sabre-tooth Smilodon Lund), this large litoptern 

seems to have been particularly adapted to 

swerving behaviour. This is suggested by the 

fact that its limb bones have indicators of higher 

transverse than anteroposterior strength (significantly 

so in the case of the femur), a feature 

which is also observed in modern swervers, and 

not so clearly in other fast running herbivores 

that do not use swerving so much. 

2006040449 

巴西南里奥格朗德晚三叠世一新的 

tritheledontid 及其在食肉的非哺乳动物 

eucynodonts 类中的系统关系 = A new 

tritheledontid (Therapsida, Eucynodontia) from 

the Late Triassic of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) 

and its phylogenetic relationships among carnivorous 

non-mammalian eucynodonts. ( 英文 ). 

Martinelli A G; Bonaparte J F; Schultz C L; Rubert 

R. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 191-208 

A new tritheledontid, Irajatherium hernandezi 

gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Triassic Caturrita 

Formation of Brazil is described. The specimen 

consists of a left maxilla bearing the canine, five 

postcanines, and the alveolus of another one, two 

fragments of lower jaw, a humerus, and a femur. 

The association of the following features is 

unique for this taxon: 1) anterior upper postcanines 

transversely narrow bearing a higher 

cusp A and smaller cusp C; 2) last upper postcanines 

with higher, bulbous cusp A and smaller 

lingual cusps B and C, differing from Pachygenelus 

in lacking a buccal cingulum; 3) middle 

lower postcanines bearing a higher anterior cusp 

and three consecutively smaller posterior cusps, 

differing from Pachygenelus in lacking a lingual 

cingulum; 4) lower postcanines with sharp wear 

facets; 5) humerus with two thick osseous processes 

for the teres major muscle; and 6) femur 

with the greater trochanter at the head level and 

the lesser trochanter on the medial surface of the 

shaft. Our phylogenetic analysis placed I. hernandezi 

together with Riograndia guaibensis 

Bonaparte et al., Chaliminia musteloides Bonaparte, 

Pachygenelus monus Watson and 

Diarthrognathus broomi Crompton. These taxa 

represent the family Tritheledontidae. The presence 

of two kinds of upper postcanines in different 

replacement waves in Irajatherium could be 

a useful feature for inference of possible mechanism 

of dental differentiation among nonmammalian 

cynodonts. Possible fossorial adaptations 

are documented in the humerus of Irajatherium. 

2006040450 

多瘤齿类珐琅质中珐琅棱拄数值密度的计算 

= Calculation of numerical density of enamel 

prisms in multituberculate enamels; a review.. 

( 英文 ). Fosse G. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2003, 48(4): 657-660 

In this brief review I explain the method of 

quantitatively describing prismatic enamel microstructure 

in multituberculates, to facilitate its 

practical use by paleontologists. I argue that histogenesis 

of gigantoprismatic enamel in many 

118

multituberculate taxa must have been quite exceptional 

in mammals. Future studies of enamel 

in plesiomorphic "plagiaulacidan" multituberculates 

are necessary to elucidate the evolutionary 

phases of enamel micromorphology toward 

prismatic mammalian enamel generally, and 

perhaps as a consequence, the origin of the successful 

(Late Cretaceous-Eocene) multituberculate 

suborder Cimolodonta and relationships 

among its subgroups. Such studies should therefore 

include calculation of numerical prism densities 

whenever possible. 

2006040451 

关于一个复杂的生态地貌特征 : 有蹄类的个 

体古生态学修订 = Towards a complex ecomorphological 

characterization: a revision of the 

palaeoautecology of ungulates.. ( 其他 ). Mendoza 

M. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 233-248 

A primary goal of palaeoecology is the reconstruction 

of the adaptations and modes of life of 

extinct species, or palaeoautoecological characterization. 

The behavioral attributes of the fossil 

species have been inferred in different ways, but 

the comparative method is probably the most 

widely used. For this, some authors have tried to 

carry out a cuantitative characterization of different 

ecological adaptations in ungulates, using 

the dental-skeleton morphology of the living 

species, which is known as ecomorphological 

characterization. At first, that characterization 

was only qualitative. Later on, some authors 

began to quantify the relationship between morphology 

and different ecological adaptations, but 

this quantification simply entailed finding significant 

statistic correlations between some 

measurements and the adaptation that was analized. 

However, the more and more frequent use 

of the multivariate statistics has allowed a more 

complex, precise and reliable morphological 

characterization of the ecological adaptations of 

ungulates. In this review, I analize the evolution 

that the undestanding of ungulate ecomorphology 

has undergone during the last decades, with 

special emphasis on the methodology and results 

of some recent papers which are characteristic of 

a complex approach. 

Author Keywords: ungulata; ecomorphology; 

palaeoautoecology; dietary adaptations; discriminant 

analysis; decision trees 

2006040452 

Kryptobaatar 的脑容量与多瘤齿内颅印模的 

新复原 = A new reconstruction of multituberculate 

endocranial casts and encephalization quotient 

of Kryptobaatar. ( 英文 ). Kielan- 

Jaworowska Z; Lancaster T E. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2004, 49(2): 177-188 

Multituberculate and eutriconodontan endocasts 

differ from those of primitive therian 

mammals in their lack of visible midbrain exposure 

on the dorsal side and in having a vermislike 

triangular bulge inserted between the cerebral 

hemispheres. As the shape and proportions 

of multituberculate, eutriconodontan, and Cretaceous 

eutherian endocasts are otherwise similar, 

one might speculate that the multituberculate 

and eutriconodontan brains did not differ essentially 

from those of primitive eutherian and marsupial 

mammals, in which the midbrain is exposed 

dorsally. This conclusion might have 

imprtant phylogenetic implications, as multituberculates 

and eutriconodontans may lay closer 

to the therians sensu strico, than hitherto believed. 

We describe an endocast of the Late Cretaceous 

multituberculate Kryptobaatar. We estimate 

the encephalization quotient (EQ) of 

Kryptobaatar. 

2006040453 

欧洲中新世亚洲马 Sinohippus 的出现 = Presence 

of the Asian horse Sinohippus in the Miocene 

of Europe. ( 英文 ). Salesa M J; Sanchez I M; 

Morales J. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2004, 

49(2): 189-196 

The Anchitheriinae includes the genera Hypohippus, 

Megahippus, Kalobatippus, Anchitherium, 

and Sinohippus. In the present paper we 

compare the remains of a giant anchitherine 

from the Spanish site of Mombrevilla-1, "Anchitherium" 

sampelayoi, with other species of 

Anchitherium from Europe, the North American 

genera Megahippus and Hypohippus, and the 

Asian genus Sinohippus. These comparisons 

allow us to suggest the inclusion of this large 

Spanish browsing horse in the Asian genus Sinohippus, 

rather than in Anchitherium. 

2006040454 

Selenetherium kolleensis nov. gen. nov. sp.: 乍 

得上新世一新的长鼻目 ( 哺乳纲 ) 化石 = Selenetherium 

kolleensis nov. gen. nov. sp.: a new 

Proboscidea (Mammalia) in the Chadian Pliocene. 

( 法文 ). Mackaye H T; Brunet M; Tassy P. 

Geologia Croatica, 2005, 38(6): 765-777 

The survey of proboscides remains recovered 

from Kollé quarries (Northern Chad) gives evidence 

of a new taxa of Elephantidae. The anatomical 

and cladistic analysis permit to consider 

this new taxa as the sister group of Stegotetrabelodontinae. 

This new discovery reinforces, once 

again, the remarkable biodiversity of this group. 

The proboscidean's association observed in these 

layers and the evolutionary state of teeth permit 

119

us to date the Kollé fossiliferous sector close to 

the early Pliocene. 

2006040455 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚晚更新世 Steller 海狮 

(Eumetopias jubatus): 它的死亡、共生的生 

物群及古环境 = A late Pleistocene Steller sea 

lion (Eumetopias jubatus) from Courtenay, British 

Columbia: its death, associated biota, and 

paleoenvironment. ( 英文 ). Harington C R; Ross 

R L; Mathewes R W; Stewart K M; Beattie O. 


41(11): 1285-1297 

A partial juvenile Steller sea lion (Eumetopias 

jubatus) skeleton from nearshore marine sands at 

Courtenay, Vancouver Island, British Columbia 

has been radiocarbon dated to 12 570 ± 70 BP. 

This date is supported by both stratigraphic and 

regional sea-level emergence data and is similar 

to radiocarbon dates on a Steller sea lion humerus 

from Bowen Island, just north of Vancouver. 

The juvenile apparently died from a blow to the 

braincase, most likely caused by a Steller sea 

lion bull. The Courtenay specimen is significant 

since very few Pleistocene otariid fossils are 

complete enough to be assigned to modern taxa. 

Associated mollusk remains indicate that the 

marine paleoclimate of the fossil locality was 

considerably colder than now — close to that 

along the northern reaches of Cook Inlet and 

Prince William Sound, Alaska. Pollen and plant 

macrofossils collected from the Courtenay site 

clearly demonstrate the presence of lodgepole 

pine (Pinus contorta) forests nearby during this 

early late-glacial interval. Fish remains (mainly 

Pacific cod and walleye pollock, with some 

salmon) from this site probably reflect selection 

by adult sea lions at a rookery. 

2006040456 

欧洲中中新世杂食性熊的生境选择 = Habitat 

preferences of European Middle Miocene omnivorous 

ursids. ( 英文 ). Viranta S. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2004, 49(2): 325-327 

Present work shows that the two species of 

Indarctos lived in a mixture of environments, 

and were not clearly separated into distinct habitats. 

Indarctos seems to have evolved during an 

interval of faunal turnover in Europe. The appearance 

of Indarctos coincided with an extinction 

of small omnivorous mammals and was 

accompanied by the appearance of other large 

omnivores. 

2006040457 

乌兹别克斯坦 Kyzylkum 沙漠上白垩统 

Aitym 组哺乳动物化石 = Mammals from the 

Upper Cretaceous Aitym Formation, Kyzylkum 

Desert, Uzbekistan. ( 英文 ). Averianov A 

O;Archibald J D. Cretaceous Research, 2003, 

24(2): 171-191 

The Upper Cretaceous (?Santonian) Aitym 

Formation in the central Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan, 

produced remains of a cimolodontan 

multituberculate (Uzbekbaatar wardi), a spalacotheriid 

symmetrodont (cf. Shalbaatar sp.), a 

deltatheroidan (cf. Deltatherus sp.), possibly the 

asioryctithere aff. Daulestes sp., possibly two 

zalambdalestids (Kulbeckia sp. cf. K. kulbecke 

and aff. Kulbeckia sp.), two supposed lipotyphlans 

(Paranyctoides sp. cf. P. aralensis and 

Paranyctoides sp.), and zhelestid ungulatomorphs 

(cf. Aspanlestes sp., Parazhelestes sp. 

aff. P. minor, Parazhelestes sp. cf. P. robustus, 

and Eoungulatum sp. cf. E. kudukensis). The 

Aitym mammal fauna is most similar to the 

more diverse mammal fauna of the underlying 

Bissekty Formation (upper Turonian – 

Coniacian). Uzbekbaatar and Shalbaatar were 

most probably derived from North American 

immigrants. Paranyctoides and ‘ Zhelestidae' 

are of Middle Asian (a commonly and long used 

Soviet geographic region approximately extending 

from the Caspian Sea on the west to the Chinese 

border on the east, and from the Iranian and 

Afghan borders on the south to southern Kazakhstan 

on the north) origin and migrated to 

North America during the late Santonian–early 

Campanian. A dispersal route was present in 

Beringia during the entire Late Cretaceous, 

which may have worked as a cold filter, allowing 

intercontinental dispersals between Asia and 

western North America in both directions, especially 

during shorter, warm climatic phases. 

2006040458 

阿根廷中部下白垩统早期幼年翼龙 = Early 

juvenile pterosaurs (Pterodactyloidea : Pterodaustro 

guinazui) from the Lower Cretaceous of 

central Argentina. ( 英文 ). Codorniu L;Chiappe 

L M. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2004, 

41(1): 9-18 

We report on two juvenile specimens of 

Pterodaustro guinazui, a medium-sized, filterfeeding 

pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Lower 

Cretaceous (Albian) lacustrine deposits of the 

Lagarcito Formation of central Argentina (Sierra 

de Las Quijadas, San Luis Province). Both 

specimens lack the skull, but one is otherwise 

nearly complete and articulated, and the other is 

more fragmentary. Their small size (similar 

to300 mm of wingspan), the lack of fusion of 

several postcranial bones, the minimal epiphyseal 

ossification, and the porous appearance of 

the periosteal surfaces indicate the specimens 

died at a very early stage of postnatal development. 

The presence of derived characters unique, 

120

within Pterodactyloidea, to P. guinazui (e.g., 

caudal vertebrae exceeding 16 elements) supports 

the proposed specific identification of the 

specimens. The new material provides anatomical 

information previously unknown for P. 

guinazui and sheds light on allometric transformations 

during the growth of this pterosaur. 

Comparisons with more mature and much larger 

individuals support two major allometric trends: 

(i) the negative allometric growth of the proximal 

portion of the forelimb, and (ii) the positive 

allometric growth of the metacarpal IV. 

2006040459 

中国西北部准葛尔盆地晚侏罗世一新的柱齿 

兽类哺乳动物 = A new docodont mammal from 

the Late Jurassic of the Junggar Basin in Norhwest 

China. ( 英文 ). Pfretzschner H-U; Martin T; 

Maisch M W; Matzke A T; Sun Ge. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(4): 799-808 

The new taxon has a large "pseudotalonid" on 

the lower molars, and by retention of crest b-g 

exhibits closer affinities to Simpsonodon and 

Krusatodon from the Middle Jurassic of Europe 

than to the other known Asian docodonts Tashkumyrodon, 

Tegotherium, and Sibirotherium. It 

differs from the Haldanodon-Docodon-lineage 

by the "pseudotalonid" and large cusps b and g. 

2006040460 

蒙大拿和艾佰塔晚古新世一新的 apheliscine 

“ 踝骨 ” 哺乳动物和 "hyopsodontids" 的系 

统发育 = A new apheliscine "condylarh" mammal 

from the late Paleocene of Montana and 

Alberta and the phylogeny of "hyopsodontids". 

( 英文 ). Zack S P; Penkrot T A; Krause D W; 

Maas M C. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2005, 

50(4): 809-830 

We describe a new genus, including at least 

two species, of apheliscine "condylarth,"Gingerichia 

geoteretes from Douglass and 

Glemmie quarries in the eastern Crazy Mountains 

Basin, south-central Montana, and Gingerichia 

hystrix from Cochrane 2, in Alberta, 

Canada, both late Paleocene sites. Phylogenetic 

analysis indicates that Hyopsodus and mioclaenids 

form a monophyletic group that excludes 

other taxa traditionally placed in Hyopsodontidae, 

including apheliscines. Accordingly, Hyopsodontidae 

is redefined to include the traditional 

contents of Mioclaenidae. Other "hyopsodontids," 

including apheliscines, form a monophyletic 

clade, and Apheliscidae is revived to 

accommodate this group. Finally, we recognize 

Haplaletes serior as the lower dentition of Utemylus 

latomius or a close relative. 

2006040461 

上始新统 Quercygale 的基颅骨形态和系统发 

育位置 = Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic 

position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan 

Quercygale. ( 英文 ). Wesley-Hunt 

G D; Werdelin L. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2005, 50(4): 837-846 

Quercygale angustidens is a small, early carnivoramorphan 

from the upper Eocene of northwest 

Europe including the Phosphorites du 

Quercy, France. This paper presents a detailed 

description of the basicranium of an undistorted 

partial skull of Quercygale. The new data form 

the basis for a phylogenetic analysis of Quercygale 

in the context of basal carnivoramorphan 

interrelationships. Euercygale has a mix of derived 

and plesiomorphic characters. In the phylogenetic 

analysis Quercygale is the sister-taxon 

to Nimravidae and crown-group Carnivora, and 

it appears to be the most derived of the stemgroup 

Miacidae. We discuss the implications 

that the position of Quercygale has on carnivoramorphan 

phylogenetics. 

2006040462 

英格兰南部下白垩统波倍克灰岩群的新对齿 

类 = New symmetrodonts (Mammalia, Theria) 

from the Purbeck Limestone Group, Lower Cretaceous, 

southern England. ( 英文 ). Ensom 

P;Sigogneau-Russell D. Cretaceous Research, 

2000, 21(6): 767-779 

Le genre Spalacotherium Owen fût initialement 

créé à partir de spécimens provenant du 

Groupe de Purbeck en 1854. Cet article décrit 

une nouvelle espèce, S. evansae, provenant d'un 

site purbeckien découvert en 1986; celle-ci est 

représentée non seulement par des molaires infé 

rieures et supérieures mais peut-être aussi par 

des molaires de lait. Le genre Tinodon n'était, 

jusqu'à maintenant, connu que dans la Formation 

Morrison du Wyoming, USA, un peu plus ancienne 

que celle de Purbeck; quelques molaires 

inférieures et surtout une molaire supérieure du 

même gisement sont attribuées à une nouvelle 

espèce, T. micron, ce qui ajoute un genre à la 

liste des taxons communs aux deux formations. 

La molaire supérieure de T. micron est particuliè 

rement intéressante en ce qu'elle fournit des indications 

sur un taxon occupant une position clé 

dans la phylogénie des symmétrodontes, tout en 

soulevant le problème d'homologie des tubercules. 

2006040463 

内蒙古查布地区下白垩统巨齿龙足印化石 = 

A new type of dinosaur tracks from Lower Cretaceous 

of Chabu, Otog Qi, Inner Mongolia. ( 中 

121

文 ). 李建军 ; 巴特尔 ; 张维虹 ; 胡柏林 ; 高立红 . 古 

生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 221-234 2 图版 . 

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市鄂托克旗查布地区下白 

垩统中产有大量的蜥脚类和兽脚类恐龙足迹 

及鸟类足迹化石 , 作者对这个地区的足迹化 

石进行全面普查 , 发现许多新暴露出来的恐 

龙足迹化石 , 包括兽脚类恐龙足迹一新属新 

种 Chapuslockleyi ichnogen . et 

ichnosp . nov . 属于巨齿龙类 

(megalosaurid) 所留。与兽脚类足迹保存在 

一起的蜥脚类足迹 Brontopodus birdi 分布凌 

乱 , 反映了造迹恐龙搏斗的场面。通过测量 

连续的兽脚类足迹计算 ,Chapus lockleyi 的造 

迹恐龙的行走速度为 4.33km/h。通过足迹 

化石还识别出造迹恐龙的病态特征。 

2006040464 

Democricetodon, Fahlbuschia, Pseudofahlbuschia 

及 Renzimys ( 哺乳刚 , 仓鼠科 ) 四 

属的现状 --- 回答 Van der Meulen 等 (2004) = 

The status of Democricetodon, Fahlbuschia, 

Pseudofahlbuschia and Renzimys (Cricetidae, 

Mammalia). A reply to Van der Meulen et al. 

(2004). ( 英文 ). Freudenthal M. Geobios, 2006, 

39(1): 43-55 

The stratigraphic sequence of fossil mammal 

localities in the type area of the Aragonian, as 

proposed by Daams et al. (1999) is analyzed and 

found to be incorrect. The sequence published 

by Daams et al. (1988) is the correct one, and the 

many new localities mentioned by Daams et al. 

(1999) should be placed in that sequence. The 

interpretation of the evolution of Democricetodon 

and Fahlbuschia by Van der Meulen et al. 

(2004) should be rejected, since it is not tenable 

in view of the stratigraphic sequence. The genera 

Fahlbuschia, Pseudofahlbuschia, and Renzimys, 

suppressed by Van der Meulen et al., are found 

to be valid and useful. Errors were detected in 

the description of Fahlbuschia corcolesi Freudenthal 

and Daams (1988) and in order to correct 

these a new species is created: Fahlbuschia 

sacedoniensis to replace F. corcolesi. 

2006040465 

加拿大高北极区艾尔丝米尔岛下始新统一新 

的原始古贫齿类 :Arcticanodon dawsonae = 

Arcticanodon dawsonae, a primitive new palaeanodont 

from the lower Eocene of Ellesmere 

Island, Canadian High Arctic. ( 英文 ). Rose K D; 

Eberle J E; McKenna M C. Canadian Journal of 


A new genus and species of palaeanodont, 

Arcticanodon dawsonae, is based on a single 

lower jaw fragment from lower Eocene (Wasatchian) 

strata of the Margaret Formation, 

Eureka Sound Group, on central Ellesmere Island, 

Nunavut. The new taxon is more derived 

than early Paleocene Escavadodontidae, but 

lacks derived traits of Metacheiromyidae. It is 

therefore most similar to primitive epoicotheriids, 

although the similarities are essentially in plesiomorphic 

features. Consequently, Arcticanodon 

dawsonae is classified as Palaeanodonta, 

incertae sedis, pending discovery of more complete 

specimens. 

2006040466 

湖南衡东岭茶地区古近纪地层划分与中国早 

始新世哺乳动物群 = Subdivision of the Paleogene 

in Lingcha area of Hunan Provice and 

Early Eocene mammalian faunas of China. ( 中 

文 ). 童永生 ; 王元青 ; 李茜 . 地质论评 , 2006, 

52(2): 153-162 1 图版 . 

岭茶地区的古近纪地层常称为栗木坪组或 

岭茶组。根据哺乳动物化石、地层特征和新 

近的古地磁和碳同位素研究成果 , 本文将岭 

茶地区的古近纪地层分为上古新统栗木坪组 

和下始新统岭茶组。岭茶组典型剖面 , 可选 

在成家冲东北的岭茶 — 霞流公路旁。由于底 

部出现碳同位素负向漂移 , 是目前中国可确 

定的始新统 / 古新统界线。在中国早始新世 

哺乳动物中首次出现的哺乳动物有奇蹄类、 

偶蹄类、真正的灵长类和梳趾鼠类型的啮齿 

类 , 并有许多首现的属。根据哺乳动物群组 

成特征 , 将中国早始新世哺乳动物群分为两 

个组合带 : 以李官桥盆地大尖动物群为代表 

的岭茶晚期的犀貘一菱臼兽组合带 

( Heptodon--Rhombomylus Assemblage 

Zone) 和以衡阳盆地岭茶动物群为代表的岭 

茶早期的始祖貘一软食中兽组合带 

( Homogalax--Hapalodectes Assemblage 

Zone)。 

2006040467 

美国北达科他州西南部 Hell Creek 组晚白垩 

纪哺乳动物的首次记录 = First record of Lancian 

(Late Cretaceous) mammals from the Hell 

Creek Formation of southwestern North Dakota, 

USA. ( 英文 ). Hunter J P;Pearson D A. Cretaceous 

Research, 1996, 17(5): 633-643 

First records of fossil mammals from the Hell 

Creek Formation of southwestern North Dakota, 

USA, are described. The assemblage is similar to 

local faunas from the Lance Formation type area, 

Wyoming, and the Hell Creek Formation type 

area, Montana. One species absent from the 

Lance (Gypsonictops illuminatus), however, 

occurs both in the Hell Creek Formation of 

North Dakota and the Scollard Formation of 

Alberta. These findings suggest a Lancian age 

for the part of the Hell Creek in which these fossils 

occur and imply that Lancian local faunas in 

the Western Interior of North America sample a 

coherent latest Cretaceous biogeographic realm. 

122

Megafloral zonation of the Hell Creek Formation 

and correlation to the standard ammonite 

zonation suggest that future research efforts at 

the base of the Hell Creek in eastern Montana 

and southwestern North Dakota may help to elucidate 

mammalian faunal turnover across the 

‘Edmontonian’-Lancian boundary. 

2006040468 

加拿大艾伯塔古新世 Paskapoo 组多瘤齿类 

Prochetodon 属一新种 = A new species of the 

ptilodontid multituberculate Prochetodon 

(Mammalia, Allotheria) from the Paleocene 

Paskapoo Formation of Alberta, Canada. ( 英文 ). 

Scott C S. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2004, 41(2): 237-246 

A new species of the ptilodontid multituberculate 

genus Prochetodon (Mammalia, Allotheria) 

from the Paleocene Paskapoo Formation of Alberta, 

Canada, is described. Prochetodon speirsae 

sp. nov. is the oldest discovered species of 

the genus, extending the temporal range of 

Prochetodon earlier into the Paleocene. It exhibits 

a mosaic of primitive and derived dental features 

suggestive of a position phylogenetically 

intermediate between Ptilodus and Prochetodon. 

Newly discovered specimens from the late Paleocene 

Gao Mine locality are referred tentatively 

to Prochetodon foxi. The occurrence of a 

primitive form of Prochetodon in sediments of 

early Tiffanian age suggests the evolutionary 

history of the genus is more complex than previously 

appreciated. Prochetodon joins a number 

of well-documented, progressive mammalian 

taxa making their first appearance in the Western 

Interior of North America at higher latitudes, 

well before their first known occurrence in the 

United States, suggesting a possible origin and 

immigration from currently unsampled habitats. 

2006040469 

非洲和南美洲上新世 - 更新世的古气候和动物 

群的演化 = Paleoclimate and faunal evolution 

in the Plio-Pleistocene of Africa and South 

America. ( 其他 ). Quinteros R B; Behrensmeyer 

A K; Ormazabal G C. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 

641-649 

Climatic change is often hypothesized to be a 

major variable in forcing evolutionary change. 

Recent work on Pliocene and Pleistocene fossil 

mammals from the Turkana Basin of Kenya and 

Ethiopia shows that climate may play an important 

role in the spread of savanna environments, 

and thus in the increasing abundance of mammals 

adapted to open and seasonally and conditions. 

If global climate change is behind some of 

these trends in East Africa, we hypothesize that 

similar patterns of faunal change may occur 

elsewhere. An analysis of fossil mammals from 

the Pampean region of Argentina shows an increase 

in the number of species adapted to open 

and seasonally and conditions through the Plio- 

Pleistocene. The South American pattern is not 

identical to the East African pattern, but both 

show a significant increase in open and and 

adapted mammals shortly after 2 million years 

ago, at the very beginning of the Pleistocene. 

Although global climate change may be invoked 

as a common cause of these intercontinental 

trends, local and regional geography and tectonics 

play a critical role in modulating the global 

signal. 

2006040470 

哺乳动物有甲贫齿类咀嚼适应的功能和系统 

发育评价 = Functional and phylogenetic assessment 

of the masticatory adaptations in Cingulata 

(Mammalia, Xenarthra). ( 法文 ). Vizcaino 

S F; Farina R A; Bargo M S; De Iuliis G. 

Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(4): 651-664 

Cingulata -armadillos, pampatheres and glyptodonts- 

are among the most representative of 

South American Cenozoic mammalian groups. 

Their dental anatomy is characterised by homodonty, 

hypselodonty, and the absence of enamel 

in almost all known species. It has been proposed 

that these peculiarities are related to a 

primitive adaptation to insectivory and that they 

represent a strong phylogenetic constraint that 

restricted, or at least conditioned, adaptations 

toward other alimentary habits. However, the 

great diversity of forms recorded suggests a 

number of adaptive possibilities that range from 

specialised myrmecophagous species to carrioneaters 

or predators among the animalivorous, 

and from selective browsers to bulk grazers 

among herbivores, as well as omnivores. 

Whereas armadillos (Dasypodidae) developed 

varied habits, mostly animalivorous but also 

including omnivores and herbivores, pampatheres 

(Pampatheriidae) and glyptodonts 

(Glyptodontidae) were herbivores. Morphofunctional 

and biomechanical studies have permitted 

a review of previous hypotheses based solely on 

comparative morphology. While in some cases 

these were refuted (carnivory in peltephiline 

armadillos), they were corroborated (carnivory 

in armadillos of the genus Macroeuphrachis; 

herbivory in eutatines, pampatheres and glyptoclonts) 

or refined (different kinds of herbivory in 

eutatines, pampatheres; and glyptodonts) in others. 

The morphological and adaptive diversity 

suggests a more extensive cladogenesis than that 

reflected by current systematic schemes. Analyses 

have also revealed that some cingulates have 

evolved mechanical solutions that are neither 

shared by closely related taxa nor have current 

analogues that can be used as models to investi- 

123

gate and to interpret adaptations of lineages 

without living representatives. 

2006040471 

阿根廷丘布特中始新世 "Gran hondonada" 的 

埋葬学 = Taphonomy of the "Gran hondonada" 

(Sarmiento formation, mustersan "land-mammal 

age", middle eocene), chubut, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Cladera G; Ruigomez E; Jaureguizar E O; Bond 

M, Lopez G. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(3): 315- 

330 

The fossil remains of the mammal deposit 

known as the "Gran Hondonada" (Sarmiento 

Fm., Mustersan "land-mammal age") were found 

in sediments of fluvial channels, disjointed, 

without transport evidence, and chaotically deposited. 

The taphonomic study was made on 

1539 remains, 65% of which were determined. 

Most of the fossil remains correspond to Isotemnidae 

(Periphragnis and Ryphodon) and Archaeohyracidae 

(Pseudhyrax) Notoungulata. The 

calculated total minimum number of individuals 

(MNI) was 256, most of them assigned to young 

adults and adults. The fossil remains do not present 

evidences of long aerial exposition during 

the first biostratinomic stage. This fact allowed 

excellent preservation conditions. Before the 

incorporation of the skeletons to the fluvial 

channel, they would have remained in areas 

closer to the channel until their disarticulation. 

The geometric study of the bones shows a selection 

toward cylindrical and spherical forms, but 

without abrasion marks. On the basis of the taphonomic 

data, we can conclude that there was a 

relation of coexistence among fossil associations. 

This relation yields an autochthonous fossil deposit 

with transport from closer areas, and without 

the bones leaving their production area. Also, 

there exist strong evidences (i.e., non selective 

mortality; a high MNI; and a high sedimentation 

rate) to conclude that this fossil accumulation 

was due to a catastrophic event, occurred during 

a short time interval. 

2006040472 

哺乳动物 Paedotherium 属骨骼的形态测量和 

形态功能分析 = Morphometric and morphoftinctional 

analysis of the apendicidar skeleton 

of Paedotherium (Mammalia, Notoungulata). 

( 其他 ). Elissamburu A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 

41(3): 363-380 

Paedotherium is recorded from the late Miocene 

to the early Pleistocene. Two Plio- 

Pleistocene species, P. typicum Ameghino and P. 

bonaerense Ameghino are recognised. Paedotherium 

is frequently registered within paleoburrows 

of the Chapadmalal Formation (Upper 

Pliocene), suggesting possible fossorial habits 

for these species. The fossorial habits of these 

species are evaluated through morphometric and 

biomechanical analyses. Comparison with extant 

caviomorph rodents and other small notoungulates 

are presented. Seven functional indices are 

calculated: humerus and ulna robustness, humerus 

deltoid and epicondyle development, olecranon 

proportion, and femur and tibia robustness. 

Principal component, discriminate, Pearson 

correlations and Mann-Whitney mean difference 

analyses are used to interpret data. Humerus 

robustness, epicondyle development, olecranon 

proportion and ulna robustness, are clearly correlated 

with limb function in living caviomorph 

rodents and become useful to understand limb 

function in Paedotherium. Both species are better 

prepared to develop force rather than speed, 

and a fossorial habit can be assigned to them, 

although P. typicum was probably more cursorial. 

The capacity of the limbs for developing 

force is present in different lineages of typothere 

notoungulates, as Hegetotheriidae and Interatheriidae. 

2006040473 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯东南部在 Ensenadan 

最上部沉积时期作为环境指示者的 

Sigmodontine 类及其他小哺乳动物 = Sigmodontine 

rodents (Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae) 

and other micromammals as paleoenvironmental 

indicators during uppermost Ensenadan 

in southeastern Buenos Aires Province (Argentina). 

( 其他 ). Pardinas U F J. Ameghiniana, 2004, 

41(3): 437-450 

A rich micromammal assemblage from Middle-Upper 

Pleistocene deposits in a coastal cliff 

locality here named Complejo Ferroviario 

(37degrees 48' 57" S, 57degrees 28' 32" W, Mar 

Chiquita county, Buenos Aires Province) is described. 

Magnetostratigraphical data from a profile 

near the fossiliferous locality indicate that 

the studied assemblage is younger than the 

Brunhes-Matuyama boundary (0.78 Ma). The 

sample is largely dominated by sigmodontine 

rodents (Sigmodontinae: Cricetidae), including 

Akodon sp., Calomys cf. C. laucha-C. musculinus, 

Holochilus cf. H. brasiliensis (Desmarest), 

and Reithrodon auritus (Fischer). Few remains 

of caviomorph rodents (Ctenomys sp., Clyomys 

sp., Dolichotis sp., Galea sp., and Microcavia sp.) 

and marmosine marsupials (Lestodelphys sp.) 

are also present. The remains are mainly found 

in discrete subelliptical structures attributable to 

fossil owl pellets. Several evidences suggest that 

the recorded taxa were preyed in a single event 

and inhabited at the same location during the 

assemblage formation. All taxa, except two 

(Clyomys sp. and Lestodelphys sp.), are currently 

sympatric in an area of about five degrees 

west of the fossiliferous locality. The estimated 

annual mean precipitation for deposition times is 

124

200 mm lower than present one. The "disharmonic" 

presence of Clyomys, a fossorial 

echymyid from subtropical lowlands, is explained 

as a relict in a matrix of arid-semiarid 

taxa. 

2006040474 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚第三纪一个新的南美 

mioclaenid 类 = A new south American mioclaenid 

(Mammalia : Ungulatomorpha) from the 

Tertiary of Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Gelfo J 

N. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(3): 475-484 

A new Mioclaenidae "condylarth" of the 

Casamayoran Land Mammal Age, Barrancan 

subage, from Paso de Indios, Chubut Province is 

described. The new taxon Pascualodus patagoniensis 

gen. et sp. nov., represented by a left 

upper first molar, is compared with other Mioclaenidae; 

the Didolodontidae and some primitive 

litopterns. A provisory phylogenetic hypothesis 

is represented by a strict consensus tree 

and a DO percent majority rule consensus tree. 

Although the analysis confirms the inclusion of 

the South American taxa in a single monophyletic 

group, some relationships remain unresolved. 

Pascualodus patagoniensis is a terminal 

taxon in an unresolved politomy which also includes 

the South American Mioclaenidae and a 

clade comprising the Didolodontidae + Litopterna. 

The addition of upper dental characters of 

Escribania chubutensis, previously the only 

known Patagonian Mioclaenidae, clearly 

changes its relationships and allies it with the 

Didolodontidae Didolodus. The assignation of 

Pascualodus patagoniensis to the Mioclaenidae 

represents the geologically youngest and southernmost 

record for this family. 

2006040475 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚早 - 中中新世 Pinturas 组 

Octodontoids 和 erethizontoids = Octodontoids 

and erethizontoids (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) 

from the Pinturas Formation, Early-Middle Miocene 

of Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Kramarz 

A G. Ameghiniana, 2004, 41(2): 199-216 

Octodontoid and erethizontoid rodents from 

the Pinturas Formation (Ameghino's "Astrapothericulan 

beds"), Early-Middle Miocene, 

Santa Cruz province, are studied. Octodontoids 

are abundant, although almost 50% of the total 

recovered rodents are referable to a single species, 

Prostichomys bowni Kramarz, which is 

structurally intermediate between Protacaremys 

prior Ameghino (Colhuehuapian) and the Santacrucian 

adelphomyines. Galileomys eurygnathus 

sp. nov. (Acaremyidae) is as primitive in 

dental morphology as G. antelucanus Vucetich 

and Kramarz (Colhuehuapian), but it shows 

more derived features in the p4, the lower incisors 

and the jaw, suggesting that it would be 

closer to the ancestry of the typical Santacrucian 

acaremyids. Acarechimys is represented by A. 

minutissimus Patterson and by a single specimen 

probably referable to a species different from 

those known from the typical Santacrucian localities. 

The Santacrucian genera Acaremys, 

Stichomys, Adelphomys and Spaniomys are also 

recorded at the Pinturas Formation. Erethizontids 

are unusually abundant and diverse. Steiromys 

annectens Ameghino is here transferred to 

the genus Eosteiromys because it shares with E. 

homogenidens Ameghino (Colhuehuapian) a 

slender mandible and narrow lower incisors with 

convex anterior face. Eosteiromys cf. E. homogenidens 

and Branisamyopsis praesigmoides 

sp. nov. are larger, and therefore more derived, 

than their Colhuehuapian counterparts (E. homogenidens 

and B. australis Candela). Steiromys 

principalis Ameghino, only known from isolated 

incisors, is the largest Patagonian erethizontid so 

far known. Steiromys duplicatus Ameghino occurs 

both in the Pinturas and Santa Cruz Formations. 

The singular combination of Colhuehuapian 

and Santacrucian genera suggests an intermediate 

age for this fauna, supporting Ameghino's 

original proposal. 

2006040476 

一些 tremarctines 动物的脱落牙齿的形态 : 

描述、对比和可能的系统发育意义 = Deciduous 

teeth morphology of some tremarctines (Ursidae, 

Tremarctinae). Descriptions, comparisons 

and possible phylogenetic implications. ( 英文 ). 

Soibelzon L; Carlini A. Ameghiniana, 2004, 

41(2): 217-224 

The morphology of some deciduous teeth of 

Arctotherium tarijense Ameghino and A. angustidens 

Gervais and Ameghino (Ursidae: Tremarctinae) 

is here described and compared for 

the first time. The crown morphology of dP4 and 

dp4 is similar to that of M1 and m1. The general 

morphology of dP/dp4 in A. tarijense and Ursinae 

is similar, but their permanent dentition 

morphology is different. The dP/dp4 of A. tarijense 

seem to bear a generalized set of characters 

(i.e. crown outline, the protocone and parastyle 

of dP4, the metaconid and hypoconid of dp4); 

unfortunately these teeth cannot be compared 

with their homologues in other tremarctines. 

Consequently, we are unable to include these 

characters in the phylo-genetic analysis of the 

Tremarctinae subfamily in order to know 

whether the phylogenetic relationships are affected 

or not. It is interesting to note, that had 

these characters been present in M/m1 of A. tarijense, 

at least, some of them could be undoubtedly 

regarded as plesiomorphic features. In this 

respect, is the deciduous teeth morphology more 

conservative than that of permanent teeth? 

125

2006040477 

第四纪冰期时代与哺乳动物演化的碰撞 = The 

impact of Quaternary Ice Ages on mammalian 

evolution. ( 英文 ). Lister A M. Philosophical 


Sciences, 2004, 359(1442): 221 - 241 

The Quaternary was a time of extensive evolution 

among mammals. Most living species 

arose at this time, and many of them show adaptations 

to peculiarly Quaternary environments. 

The latter include continental northern steppe 

and tundra, and the formation of lakes and offshore 

islands. Although some species evolved 

fixed adaptations to specialist habitats, others 

developed flexible adaptations enabling them to 

inhabit broad niches and to survive major environmental 

changes. Adaptation to short-term 

(migratory and seasonal) habitat change probably 

played a part in pre-adapting mammal species 

to the longer-term cyclical changes of the 

Quaternary. Fossil evidence indicates that environmental 

changes of the order of thousands of 

years have been sufficient to produce subspeciation, 

but speciation has typically required one 

hundred thousand to a few hundred thousand 

years, although there are both shorter and longer 

exceptions. The persistence of taxa in environments 

imposing strong selective regimes may 

have been important in forcing major adaptive 

change. Individual Milankovitch cycles are not 

necessarily implicated in this process, but nor 

did they generally inhibit evolutionary change 

among mammals: many evolutionary divergences 

built over multiple climatic cycles. Deduction 

of speciation timing requires input from 

fossils and modern phenotypic and breeding data, 

to complement and constrain mitochondrial 

DNA coalescence dates which appear commonly 

to overestimate taxic divergence dates and durations 

of speciation. Migrational and evolutionary 

responses to climate change are not mutually 

exclusive but, on the contrary, may be synergistic. 

Finally, preliminary analysis suggests that 

faunal turnover, including an important element 

of speciation, was elevated in the Quaternary 

compared with the Neogene, at least in some 

biomes. Macroevolutionary species selection or 

sorting has apparently resulted in a modern 

mammalian fauna enriched with fastreproducing 

and/or adaptively generalist species. 

2006040478 

中国北方 “ 第四纪 ( 或亚代 )” 环境变化与 

大哺乳动物演化 ” = Quaternary environmental 

changes and evolution of large mammals in 

North China. ( 中文 ). 邱占祥 . 古脊椎动物学 

报 , 2006, 44(2): 109-132 

地质年表 2004 的筹备和发表使关于 “ 第四 

纪 ” 概念、时限、阶元的讨论达到了高潮。目 

前的情势是 , 其下限下移至 ~2.6Ma 几乎已 

成定局 ; 其阶元究竞是 “ 纪 ” 还是 “ 亚代 ” 正在 

表决中 ( 初步表决倾向于后者 )。这样一 

来 ,“ 第四纪 ” 就包括以海相地层为基础建立 

的晚上新世、更新世及全新世三大部分。中 

国北方 “ 第四纪 ” 大哺乳动物的研究已有很长 

的历史。现在应该根据新的情势重新审视其 

演化的阶段性及其与 ~2.6Ma 以来环境变化 

之间的关系。对环境变化和大哺乳动物化石 

已有资料的分析表明 :1)-2.6Ma 是北极冰 

盖大规模扩大 , 季风气候急剧加强 , 黄土开 

始在中国北方大面积沉积 , 哺乳动物群发生 

重大变化的时期。大量三趾马动物群特有的 

成员在此之前灭绝。2)~2.6 至 1.3Ma 是 

古老 “ 第四纪 ” 类型繁盛的时期。真马 

(Equus) 和巨颏虎 (Megantereon) 从北美 

经过白令陆桥进入欧亚 ; 一大批欧亚大陆起 

源的新属出现 , 如 Eirictis , Meles , 

Crocuta , Coelodonta , Eucladoceros , 

Elaphurus,Leptobos 等。这一时期后期的气 

候 , 从黄土粒度曲线变化幅度普遍较小判 

断 , 应该相对比较稳定 , 较为温和。3 ) 

1 . 3 ~ 0 . 13Ma 为中华大角鹿 

(Sinomegaceros) 异常繁盛的时期。一大批 

以周口店动物群为代表的典型中更新世的种 

类出现 , 如与狼接近的变异狼、中国硕鬣 

狗、意外巨颏虎、基什贝尔格犀等。这一时 

期之初有相当数量的东洋界分子越过秦岭进 

入中国北方的南部 , 如大熊猫、东方剑齿 

象、巨貘、毛冠鹿、鬣羚等。这一时期的气 

候起伏大 , 有明显逐渐变冷的趋势。从黄土 

粒度曲线看 , 至少有 3 次明显的冷期和一次 

较长的暖期 (L15,L9,L2 和 S5)。因此 , 

这一阶段是可以再分的 , 但这需要对哺乳动 

物化石和动物群的年代进行更为深入的研 

究。4)0.13-0.01Ma 出现大量现生种 , 如 

普氏野马、野驴、野猪、盘羊等 ; 一些晚更 

新世特征的类型出现 , 如猛犸象、原始牛和 

具有奇特角枝的中华大角鹿等 ; 在东北还出 

现了驼鹿化石。这一时期的气候波动不大 , 

相对较温和。哺乳动物群所反映的特点应该 

是适应于寒冷气候的动物在较温和的气候条 

件下的辐射适应与新生现生种类的混合。5) 

0.011Ma~ 现代 , 适应于寒冷气候的特殊类 

型 , 如猛犸象、披毛犀等灭绝。上述 4 个哺 

乳动物演化阶段自下至上可以 NCMQ1-4 代 

表之。其中 NCMQ1-2 之间的界限与现在 “ 第 

四纪 ” 所包含的晚上新世一早更新世及早一中 

更新世的界限 (1.8Ma 和 0.78Ma) 并不一 

致。这种划分和北美及欧洲的哺乳动物分期 

都比较接近。北美的 Blancan 和 Irvingtonian 

126

的分界约为 1.35Ma; 而欧洲维拉方期的顶 

界也在 1.1~1.4Ma 之间。NCMQ3 和 

NCMQ4 则与晚更新世及全新世相对应。 

2006040479 

中国晚新近纪哺乳动物群落与东亚环境变化 

= Chinese Late Neogene land mammal community 

and the environmental changes of East Asia. 

( 中文 ). 张兆群 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(2): 

133-142 

根据已有的中国晚新近纪哺乳动物化石记 

录 , 综合新近研究成果 , 初步探讨中国晚新近纪 

哺乳动物群落演变进程及其对于气候与环境 

变化的响应 . 结果表明 , 自中中新世晚期至晚中 

新世 ( 约 13 Ma 至 7~8 Ma), 中国北方哺乳 

动物群落组成上没有明显的分异 ; 而在其后的 

晚中新世晚期发生了较为明显的区域性分化 , 

分化为东部地区以适应潮湿的较为封闭的动 

物群落与西部地区适应干旱的开阔环境的群 

落 , 这种分异可能与东亚夏季风的加强密切相 

关 ; 青藏高原及其周边地区化石类群的扩散与 

交流资料也表明由青藏高原隆升而形成的地 

理阻隔也可能发生在该时期 ; 上新世哺乳动物 

群落演化表现出对于持续的干旱化气候背景 

的适应 , 而晚上新世某些类群的分异与主导地 

位的确立与该时期气候环境背景的剧烈震荡 

相一致 . 由于化石资料的不完整 , 时段分布的不 

均一 , 以及地理分布区域的局限 , 全面认识中国 

晚新近纪哺乳动物群落组成以及与环境变化 

的关系尚有很长的一段历程 . 

2006040480 

中国新近纪哺乳动物生物年代学 = Chinese 

Neogene mammal biochronology. ( 中文 ). 邓涛 . 

古脊椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(2): 143-163 

基于迄今为止发现的包括大型和小型哺乳 

动物在内的动物群资料 , 中国的新近纪被划 

分为 7 个哺乳动物期和 13 个哺乳动物群单位 

(NMU)。现在 , 通过对大量新化石地点和 

新化石记录的研究 , 中国的新近纪 NMU 已 

经得到显著的充实。这些新资料的重要意义 

在于极大地促进了我们对动物群转换和分期 

界线标定的认识。最近几年来 , 中国的新近 

纪哺乳动物分期变得更加精细 , 这主要得益 

于古地磁地层学的广泛应用 , 使得这些分期 

之间的界线能够进行准确的校正和定年。越 

来越多的古地磁分析资料使中国的新近纪哺 

乳动物群在与欧洲的动物群进行对比时有了 

一个良好的标尺。因此 , 本文主要依据哺乳 

动物化石和古地磁测年数据在中国的新近纪 

哺乳动物群单位和欧洲的新近纪哺乳动物分 

带 (MN) 之间进行对比。 

2006040481 

内蒙古中部新近纪动物群的演替与生物年代 

= Faunal succession and biochronology of the 

Miocene through Pliocene in nei mongol 

(Inner Mongolia). ( 中文 ). 邱铸鼎 ; 王晓鸣 ; 李 

强 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2006, 44(2): 164-181 

内蒙古中部地区陆相新近系出露广、含化 

石丰富。对这一地区新近纪的研究 , 可以追 

溯到 20 世纪初期瑞典地质学者安特生 

(J.G.Andersson)、法国古生物学者德日 

进 (P.Teilhard de Chardin) 和以美国探险家 

安德鲁斯 (R.C.Andrews) 为首的美国自 

然博物馆中亚考察团分别对二登图、高特格 

和通古尔的考察与化石采集。他们的开拓性 

工作使这些地方成为中国十分重要的新近纪 

经典地点。特别是通古尔 , 由于其产出的化 

石丰富、具有中中新世动物群的特征 , 已引 

人中国地质年表 , 作为新生代中一个 “ 阶 ” 

的名称。最近 20 多年对这一地区新近纪生物 

地层学的研究又取得了很大的进展 , 新发现 

了数个不同时代的化石地点和层位 , 同时采 

集到大批哺乳动物化石标本。内蒙古中部各 

地点化石层的厚度一般不大 , 但所含的哺乳 

动物化石种类多、材料丰富。由于具有这一 

特点 , 使其化石组合能比较接近地反映短期 

内动物群体的结构面貌 , 较客观地指示沉积 

时期的生态环境。利用这些组合进行动物群 

相对时代的确定 , 以及对其生态环境的恢复 

无疑都会很有意义。但是 , 这里的地层缺乏 

测试绝对年龄的材料 , 化石组合间少见有直 

接的叠置关系 , 使得在这一地区建立独立的 

动物群时间顺序 , 确定动物群的演替序列和 

生物年代只能更多地依赖于对动物系统发育 

和动物群体变化的研究。本文对这一地区各 

地点发现的哺乳动物化石组合进行了审定 , 

提供了最新的动物群名单 ; 根据默尔根地点 

上部层位产出的化石组合特征 , 提议把该组 

合命名为铁木钦动物群 ; 通过对哺乳动物系 

统发育关系的分析 , 将动物群进行先后排 

序 , 并阐述了这些动物群在各生物年代的演 

替特征 ; 同时展示了各动物群与有关岩石地 

层和磁性地层的关系。文中进一步认定了苏 

尼特左旗的嘎顺音阿德格动物群为内蒙古中 

部地区现知新近纪动物群中的最早代表 , 其 

后依次为推饶木动物群、默尔根动物群、铁 

木钦动物群、阿木乌苏动物群、沙拉动物 

群、宝格达乌拉动物群、二登图动物群、哈 

尔鄂博动物群、比例克动物群、高特格动物 

群。内蒙古中部被认为是新近纪生物年代学 

研究的重要地点 , 在地质时代上这一哺乳动 

物群系列跨越了新近纪中新世至上新世的大 

部分时段。其中的嘎顺音阿德格动物群具有 

中国陆生哺乳动物年代山旺期的典型特征 ; 

推饶木动物群、默尔根动物群、铁木钦动物 

群构成的广义通古尔动物群 , 正是定义东亚 

127

中中新世陆生哺乳动物年代的依据 ; 阿木乌 

苏动物群、沙拉动物群、宝格达乌拉动物群 

和二登图动物群符合保德期动物群的含义 ; 

比例克动物群和高特格动物群具有榆社期动 

物群的件质一虽然目前还无法根据玟些动物 

群对我国陆生哺乳动物年代的时限进行精确 

界定 , 但依某些动物阶元 ( 主要为科和属一 

级 ) 的最早迁入或在该区的最早出现 , 以及 

在该区地层中的最后出席 , 概述了内蒙古中 

部地区新近纪动物群所指示的哺乳动物年代 

特征 , 并分别把通古尔期和保德期细分为 3 

个和 4 个非正规亚期。深入的研究 , 包括在 

这一地区发现新的化石层位和材料 , 不仅会 

为内蒙古中部地区生物年代的厘定提供更多 

的资料 , 而且有助于完善中国新近纪地质年 

代的内涵。 

2006040482 

种群的发生是小规模的吗 ? 非洲哺乳动物晚 

新近纪化石记录的新展望 = Do species populations 

really start small? New perspectives from 

the Late Neogene fossil record of African mammals. 

( 英文 ). Vrba ES;DeGusta D. Philosophical 


Sciences, 2004, 359(1442): 285 - 293 

This analysis of all known African larger 

mammals of the past 10 Myr offers new perspectives 

on the geographical circumstances of 

speciation. Our central question is: does the fossil 

evidence support the idea that most new species 

start as small populations and, if true, how 

long is the average growth interval until species 

are established at their mean later size? This 

simple question is important to unravelling the 

competing claims of rival models of speciation. 

We approached it by direct use of fossil data, 

which, to our knowledge, has not been done previously. 

We compared the numbers of fossil site 

records, as a proxy for magnitude of geographical 

spread, between survivorship intervals across 

all species. The results show that the average 

mammal species has indeed started its life in a 

relatively small population, and thereafter increased 

rapidly in geographical spread to reach 

its long-term equilibrium abundance by about 1 

million years after origin. Some theoretical implications 

of these results are discussed. 

2006040483 

中国辽西早白垩世义县组始无齿翼龙新材料 

= New material of the pterosaur Eopteranodon 

from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation, 

western Liaoning, China. ( 中文 ). 吕君昌 ; 高春 

玲 ; 刘金远 ; 孟庆金 ; 季强 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(5): 

565-571 

根据新材料 , 对始无齿翼龙的特征进行了 

修订 : 中部颈椎体没有神经棘 ; 肱骨三角嵴 

的长度与肱骨长度之比率约为 0.25; 翼掌骨的 

长度与第二翼指骨的长度几乎相等 ; 第二翼 

指骨与第一翼指骨的长度之比率约为 0.76。 

始无齿翼龙的新标本与正型稍微不同 , 可能 

由个体发育所引起。 

2006040484 

辽宁西部一新的帆翼龙类化石 = A new iodactylid 

pterosaur from western Liaoning,China. ( 中 

文 ). 王丽 ; 李莉 ; 段冶 ; 程绍利 . 地质通报 , 2006, 

25(6): 737-740 

根据发现于辽西朝阳九佛堂组一具有部分 

头骨的不完整骨架 , 命名一新的帆翼龙 — 赵 

氏龙城翼龙 ( 新属新种 )。头骨和牙齿形态 

显示龙城翼龙与宽齿帆翼龙的关系要比与其 

他翼龙的关系密切 , 龙城翼龙是目前辽西九 

佛堂组中发现的唯一的帆翼龙类。帆翼龙科 

原仅一属种 , 发现于英国早白垩世地层中 , 

辽西早白垩世新帆翼龙的发现 , 不但扩大了 

其地理分布 , 也证明辽西是晚侏罗世至早白 

垩世翼龙辐射、分异的重要地区。这对研究 

翼龙的起源和演化有重要意义。 

2006040485 

据孢粉分析黑龙江嘉荫地区晚白垩世气候变 

化对恐龙绝灭的影响 = Influence of Late Cretaceous 

climate change to extinction of dinosaurs 

in Jiayin Area of Heilongjiang, Analyzed 

by spore and pollen. ( 中文 ). 赵海滨 ; 尹志刚 ; 万 

晓樵 ; 于庆文 ; 牛延宏 . 现代地质 , 2006, 20(2): 

216-224 

黑龙江省嘉荫地区是中国境内发现恐龙最 

早的地区 , 自恐龙化石被发现以来在该区进 

行过大量的发掘 , 但对恐龙生活环境和灭绝 

原因一直没有解释。本研究将产恐龙的晚白 

垩世地层由下而上划分为永安村组、太平林 

场组、渔亮子组和富饶组 , 其中产恐龙化石 

和大量孢粉化石。孢粉化石由下而上可识别 

为 Polypodiaceaesporites-Monosulcites, 

Beaupreaidites、Cyathidites- 

Taxodiaceaepollenites - Aguilapollenites 和 

Classopollis-Ephedripites-Sphagnumsporites 组 

合。根据含恐龙地层中的孢粉化石组合变化 

和沉积物特征分析 , 认为晚白垩世本区总体 

属湿暖的亚热带气候环境。孢粉化石组合的 

变化显示当时出现暖湿至干热气候条件的演 

变。嘉荫群上部渔亮子组中膏岩层和耐高 

温、抗盐碱的克拉梭粉 (Classopollis)- 麻黄 

粉 (Ephedripites) 组合在短时间内的大量出 

现 , 说明晚白垩世末期出现有短暂的干热气 

候 , 这种气候的突然转变以及伴随的生态系 

统的紊乱可能是嘉荫地区恐龙大量死亡的重 

要原因 , 但不排除诸如天外星体碰撞地球、 

大规模火山喷发等引发白垩纪末恐龙全球灭 

128

绝的因素 , 后者更可能是引起气候变化的直 

接因素。 

2006040486 

四川珙县石碑恐龙化石埋藏地红层分子化石 

特征及其古环境意义 = Features of molecular 

fossils at the Shibei dinosaur fossil site-Early 

Jurassic red beds-in Gongxian, Sichuan, and 

their paleoenvironmental significance. ( 中文 ). 

梁斌 ; 王全伟 ; 阚泽忠 ; 朱兵 ;. 中国地质 , 2006, 

33(1): 187-192 

利用气相色谱 - 质谱仪 (GC/MS) 从四川 

珙县石碑恐龙化石埋藏地早侏罗世红层中检 

出了包括正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烃、长链三 

环萜、藿烷和甾烷等系列分子化石 , 这些分 

子化石来源于低等菌藻类生物和水生、陆生 

高等植物。利用这些分子化石的特征讨论了 

恐龙生活时代的古环境特征。姥鲛烷与植烷 

的比值 (Pr/Ph) 表明该恐龙化石埋藏地的 

沉积环境应为淡水、弱氧化的湖泊环境。所 

研究样品高碳数的正构烷烃均以与水生大型 

植物有关的 

C 25 为主峰 , 并具有来自陆生高等植物的 

C 27 ~C 31 构烷烃 , 反映出研究区湖盆水体中发 

育水生高等植物 , 周围陆地上发育木本和草 

本植物的古植物特征 , 体现了分子化石在恢 

复古环境研究方面的潜力。 

2006040487 

吉林九台白垩系一新的蜥脚类恐龙 = A new 

sauropod dinosaur from the Cretaceous of Jiutai,Jilin, 

China. ( 中文 ). 吴文昊 ; 董枝明 ; 孙跃武 ; 

李春田 ; 李涛 . 世界地质 , 2003, 25(1): 6-9 1 图 

版 . 

记述了蜥脚类恐龙 (Sauropoda) 中一新的 

属种 - 西地九台龙 (Jiutaisaurus xidiensis gen.et 

sp. nov.), 包括 18 个相关节的尾椎及 13 个脉 

弧 . 化石产于吉林九台白垩纪泉头组的紫色 - 杂 

色砂岩中 . 其主要特征为 : 中部尾椎椎体两侧 

出现前后延长的棱脊 , 前 - 中部尾椎双凹型 , 神 

经弓位于椎体前半部 , 脉弧不分叉 , 血管孔长度 

约占脉弧长度的 1/2 以上 . 新属种的发现对进 

一步研究白垩纪蜥脚类恐龙的系统演化、古 

地理分布等提供了新的材料 . 

2006040488 

记中国辽宁西部九佛堂组发现的中国翼龙一 

新种 = A new Lower Cretaceous sinopterid 

pterosaur from the western Liaoning, China. ( 中 

文 ). 李建军 ; 吕君昌 ; 张宝堃 . 古生物学报 , 2003, 

42(3): 442-447 

根据发现于辽宁省西部下白垩统九佛堂组 

的一小型翼手龙类骨架 , 建立一新种 : 谷氏 

中国翼龙 Sinopterus gui sp.nov.。它的吻端 

直而尖锐 , 其下颌发育一明显的脊突。肱骨 

的三角脊发育 , 其末端没有扩展 , 呈四边 

形。翼掌骨的长度稍微短于飞行指第一指节 

的长度。股骨与胫骨之比率小 , 乌喙骨短于 

肩胛骨 , 联合背椎只有椎体相互愈合。虽然 

它与董氏中国翼龙相似 , 但是存在明显区 

别 , 比如个体较小 , 而大多数背椎椎体相互 

愈合等。谷氏中国翼龙是目前在辽西及其周 

边地区所发现最小的没有牙齿的翼手龙类。 

2006040489 

甘肃灵台上新世哺乳动物化石埋藏学 = Taphonomy 

of Pliocene mammalian fossils from 

Lingtai, Gansu. ( 中文 ). 张云翔 ; 弓虎军 . 古生物 

学报 , 2003, 42(3): 460-465 

灵台任家坡动物群年龄组成以老年、幼年 

个体为主 , 显示动物正常死亡条件下的骨骼 

富集积累过程。由于动物死亡与掩埋之间时 

限的长短不同导致个体间风化痕迹、关节分 

解、破损程度不同。化石具有明显的定向性 

及分选性 , 经过季节性水流短距离搬运和较 

弱的分选作用。化石的埋藏特点与泛滥平原 

骨骼富集有较多的相似性 , 但沉积物组成差 

别很大 , 暗示中国红粘土物源的特殊性。 

2006040490 

南亚早期犀牛及对全北极区古近纪犀牛记录 

的回顾 = Early rhinocerotids (Mammalia : Perissodactyla) 

from South Asia and a review of the 

Holarctic Paleogene rhinocerotid record. ( 英文 ). 

Antoine P O; Ducrocq S; Marivaux L; Chaimanee 

Y; Crochet J Y; Jaeger J J; Welcomme J 

L. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2003, 

40(3): 365-374 

The earliest rhinocerotids from South Asia are 

identified on the basis of few dental remains 

originating from the Late Eocene of Thailand 

(Wai Lek mine, Krabi Basin) and the Early Oligocene 

of Pakistan (Paali nala C2, Bugti Hills). 

Once synthesized, the Holarctic Paleogene rhinocerotid 

record points out a westward diachronism 

of rhinocerotid First Appearance Data, 

from North America to Europe via Asia, 

throughout mid-Cenozoic times. The faunal 

similarity among mammal localities from the 

Late Eocene and Early Oligocene of peninsular 

Thailand, southern China, and Pakistan suggests 

the existence of a single South Asian paleoprovince 

during this interval and the persistence 

of a tropical-subtropical climate. Substantial 

faunal changes recorded in eastern Balochistan 

reveal a significant climatic deterioration from 

the middle part of the Oligocene. Neither provinciality 

nor endemism is noticeable for rhinocerotoid 

taxa recognized in the Oligocene of the 

Indian subcontinent: neither the Himalayas nor 

the Tibet Plateau was a paleogeographic barrier 

for large mammals during this interval. 

129

2006040491 

澳大利亚昆士兰西南部 Riversleigh 中新世早 

期袋鼠内颅骨印摸 = Macropodoid endocranial 

casts from the early Miocene of Riversleigh, 

northwestern Queensland. ( 英文 ). Kear B P. 

Alcheringa, 2003, 27(3/4): 295-302 

Two macropodoid endocranial casts from the 

early Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage 

Area, northwestern Queensland are described. 

The larger is associated with a fragmentary cranium 

and is attributable to the balbarine kangaroo 

Balbaroo. The smaller more complete 

specimen was found as an isolated endocast and 

cannot be confidently identified beyond superfamily 

level. The external neurocranial morphology 

of both specimens closely resembles 

that of plesiomorphic macropodoids and indicates 

a basal 'macropodid-grade' level of complexity. 

Development of the visual region of the 

neocortex suggests that crepuscular-nocturnal 

habits might have been present in early Miocene 

kangaroos. 

2006040492 

南美洲中新世 borhyaenoids 类颅后骨功能适 

应 = Postcranial functional adaptations in the 

South American Miocene borhyaenoids (Mammalia, 

Metatheria): Cladosictis,Pseudonotictis 

and Sipalocyon. ( 英文 ). Argot C. Alcheringa, 

2003, 27(3/4): 303-356 

Three Santacrucian borhyaenoids, Cladosictis 

patagonica, Pseudonotictis pusillus and Sipalocyon 

gracilis, are analyzed from a functionaladaptive 

perspective. Five extant placentals and 

one marsupial model are also examined in order 

to interpret the locomotor adaptations of these 

fossils. Pseudonotictis pusillus is the smallest of 

the Santacrucian borhyaenoids and is known 

from fragmentary remains; from its small size, 

dental specializations and elbow anatomy, this 

species was certainly not far ecologically' from 

an extant weasel. The postcranium of Sipalocyon 

gracilis, although poorly known, suggests climbing 

capabilities, and the pseudo-opposable pollex 

indicates skilful manipulative behaviour. 

Cladosictis patagonica was an active predatory 

form, short-legged and able to climb, although it 

was a less specialized arboreal form than the 

contemporaneous Prothylacinus patagonicus; 

the proportions of its limbs recall that of a living 

South American marten, the tayra. The pseudoopposable 

pollex of Cladosictis, as in Sipalocyon, 

indicates skilful manipulative behaviour. 

2006040493 

西欧始新世哺乳动物双褶齿猬类 

Amphilemuridae 科 : 新的分类资料 = Eocene 

Amphilemuridae (Lipotyphla, Mammalia) of 

Western Europe: new taxonomical data. ( 英文 ). 

Maitre E; Escarguel G; Sige B. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(6): 813-820 

This work deals with amphilemurids, a very 

specialised group of Eocene small placental 

mammals currently considered as erinaceomorph 

members of the Lipotyphla order. Five European 

and North-American genera, including 17 species, 

have been recognized until now: Macrocranion, 

Gesneropithex, Amphilemur, Alsaticopithecus, 

and Pholidocercus. The study is 

based on mostly original tooth material, the origin 

of which being several European localities 

within either continental basin or endokarstic 

sediments. Tooth morphology is used to establish 

the systematic position, as well as to reconsider 

some previous determinations. One genus, 

Echinolesies n. gen., and six new species are 

named and described, making the reported diversity 

of amphilemurids significantly increased, 

especially for the genus Macrocranion. 

2006040494 

西班牙 Las Hoyas 地区下白垩统 

Enantiornithine 类骨骼的组织学观察 = Histological 

observations of Enantiornithine bone 

(Saurischia, Aves) from the Lower Cretaceous of 

Las Hoyas (Spain). ( 英文 ). Cambra-Moo O; 

Buscalioni A D;, Cubo J; Castanet J; Loth M M; 

De Margerie E; de Ricqles A. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(5): 685-691 

New material from a small, presumably adult 

enantiornithine bird (Saurischia: Aves) from the 

Lower Cretaceous of Las Hoyas (Spain) provides 

new data on the bone histology of those 

Mesozoic birds, which became extinct at the 

Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. The material is 

referred to cf. Concornis lacustris. The outer 

cortex of the studied long bones is formed of a 

rather typical parallel-fibered bone tissue, with 

sparse flattened osteocyte lacunae, evidence of 

lines of arrested growth (LAGs) and no vascularization. 

This structure matches the outer 

circumferential layer (OCL) of many extant mature, 

small to tiny birds and also agrees with 

earlier descriptions of enantiornithine cortical 

bone. The deeper cortex progressively contains a 

much more plentiful component of osteocyte 

lacunae, which are more plump than flat. This 

region is also permeated by a few vascular canals 

surrounded by bone lamellae that form osteonal 

structures. The relationship of the osteonal 

material to the neighbouring primary tissue 

strongly suggests that the osteons are secondary. 

In some sections, it is possible to follow those 

osteons as formed by outward extensions from 

the endosteal bone tissue into the deep primary 

cortex. This specimen shows more histodiversity 

than the few enantiomithine samples previously 

reported. This further suggests that although 

130

growth may have been slow when the adult size 

was approached, it was more rapid at earlier 

stages. Even if as yet not enough is known of 

those early stages to document just how rapid 

early growth may have been, and whether enantiornithines 

grew differently from the basal avian 

models known from other early birds, the new 

data do not necessarily suggest that they had 

growth regimes quite distinct from extant birds 

of similar body sizes nor, by implication, completely 

different metabolic patterns or regimes. 

2006040495 

乍得上中新统近完整的土猪化石 = A subcomplete 

fossil aardvark (Mammalia, Tubulidentata) 

from the Upper Miocene of Chad. ( 英文 ). 

Lehmann T; Vignaud P; Likius A; Mackaye H 

T;Brunet M. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 

5(5): 693-703 

A new sub-complete specimen of fossil Tubulidentata 

has been found by the 'Mission paleoanthropologique 

franco-tchadienne' (MPFT) 

in Chad. After O. abundulafus Lehmann et al., 

2005 from Kossom Bougoudi, O. djourabensis 

Lehmann et al., 2004 from Kolle, it is the first 

described aardvark from the fossiliferous sector 

Toros-Menalla. This specimen belongs to O. 

abundulafus. This discovery extends the stratigraphic 

range of that species, enables to validate 

and supplement its diagnosis, and confirms that 

a relationship exists between O. abundulafus 

from Chad and O. gaudryi from Greece/Turkey. 

The recent studies undertaken on the Chadian 

specimens will become the cornerstone for the 

revision of the Tubulidentata. 

2006040496 

具有 Capra caucasica praepyrenaica 的一个 

新的古生物产地 : 法国奥德布加拉切 Arche 

洞穴 = A new palaeontological locality with 

Capra caucasica praepyrenaica: The Arche cave 

at Bugarach (Aude, France).. ( 法文 ). Rivals F; 

Testu A. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 5(5): 

711-719 

The Arche cave is a new palaeontological locality 

situated in the Corbieres (southern France). 

This cave has yielded an abundant and wellpreserved 

large mammal fauna. A first palaeontological 

description of the remains from surface 

excavation is provided. According to biochronological 

data, the site is dated from MIS 5 to 

MIS 4 and contains very uncommon species of 

wild goat, Capra caucasica praepyrenaica, in the 

eastern part of the Pyrenees. 

2006040497 

南美洲 Clelia 属的最早记录 = The oldest record 

of Clelia (Serpentes-Colubridae) in South 

America. ( 英文 ). Scanferla C A. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(5): 721-724 

Trunk vertebrae of a colubrid from the Lower 

to Middle Pleistocene of the Buenos Aires province, 

Argentina, are described. They are assigned 

to the genus Clelia on the basis of the following 

combination of characters: the longitudinal development 

of the neural spine, the short vertebral 

body, prezygapophyseal processes robust and 

laterally oriented. This suggests that the origin of 

the subfamily Xenodontinae and their later dispersal 

in South America has occurred at least in 

or before Pliocene times. 

2006040498 

海马的出露 : 新的前景 = Emergence of Hippopotamidae: 

new scenarios. ( 法文 ). Boisserie J 

R; Lihoreau F. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 

5(5): 749-756 

Molecular data analyses blew the problem of 

hippo origins up to the level of a broader question: 

cetacean and artiodactyl relationships. Recently, 

new morphology-based studies strongly 

supported a hippo origin within Miocene 

bothriodontines, which are selenodont anthracotheres. 

Based on these results, two new scenarios 

for hippo emergence are proposed here. Palaeoenvironmental 

and evolutionary issues related 

to these scenarios are discussed. 

古人类学 

古人类学 

2006040499 

北海地区更新世驯鹿的古生物学初始资料及 

其考古学评论 = The Pleistocene reindeer of the 

North Sea — initial palaeontological data and 

archaeological remarks. ( 英文 ). Glimmerveen J; 

Mol D; Plicht H van der. Quaternany International, 

2005, 142-143(): 242-246 

The interdisciplinary North Sea Project aims 

at investigating the biotic history of the Pleistocene 

in the Southern Bight of the North Sea. 

Humans were part of these biotopes too as Palaeolithic 

flint artefacts prove. Based on a large 

fossil record and radiocarbon dating, it becomes 

clear that reindeer was part of the Late Pleistocene 

Mammoth-fauna. 

Upper Palaeolithic hunters often are described as 

reindeer-hunters. Despite a large fossil reindeer 

record and collection of Palaeolithic flint artefacts, 

no evidence was found for co-existence of 

humans and reindeer or for reindeer-hunting. 

2006040500 

英国 Devon 郡肯特 (Kent's Cavern) 中更新 

世动物群的时代及旧石器时代早期的 “ 工 

业 ” = Age of Middle Pleistocene fauna and 

Lower Palaeolithic industries from Kent's Cavern, 

Devon. ( 英文 ). Proctor C J; Berridge P J; 

131

Bishop M J; Richards D A; Smart P L. Quaternary 

Science Review, 2005, 24(10-11): 1243- 

1252 

Kent's Cavern has long been known as potentially 

among the oldest Palaeolithic sites in the 

country, with the basal Breccia deposit containing 

a sparse Lower Palaeolithic industry. The 

sediment consists of a chaotic clayey conglomerate 

emplaced as a series of debris flows, which 

entered the cave via blocked entrances at its 

southwest end. The Breccia contains a fauna 

dominated by the bear Ursus deningeri, with 

lion Felis leo and the voles Arvicola cantiana 

and Microtus oeconomus, establishing a late 

Cromerian age for the deposit. The artefacts 

comprise an industry of crudely manufactured 

handaxes and flakes, and show damage suggesting 

that they were brought into the cave by the 

debris flows, and may thus predate the sediment 

and fauna. We demonstrate an age of >340 ka 

for the Breccia using two independant dating 

methods, consistent with existing models of the 

age of the British Middle Pleistocene sequence. 

2006040501 

以地质沉积的时代测定确认 Aldène 洞穴的旧 

石器雕刻应归入 Aurignacian 期 = Attribution 

of the Palaeolithic engravings of the cave of Ald 

ène (Cesseras, Hérault) to the Aurignacian by 

the dating of geological deposits. ( 法文 ). Ambert 

P; Guendon J-L; Galant P; Quinif Y; 

Gruneisen A; Colomer A; Dainat D; Beaumes 

B;and Requirand C. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(3): 275-284 

The Palaeolithic engravings of the cave of 

Aldène were discovered [13] in a gallery revealed 

during the mining of phosphates in this 

karst [10]. Although only made up of about ten 

units, these engravings have given rise to several 

studies [13,15,21]. The most recent [19] highlights 

their similarities (faunal and stylistic) with 

the bestiary from the Chauvet cave [5–7]. The 

stratigraphic, palaeontological and chronological 

study of the cave deposits permits the dating of 

the presence of the Palaeolithic people between 

the deposition of two dripstone floors dated at 

37 000 and 24 400 BP. The date of 

30 260 ± 220 BP obtained on charcoal sampled 

from an intermediate level attests a human incursion 

in the Aurignacian period, which is contemporary 

with the first phase of the art of Chauvet. 

2006040502 

中石器时代末期法国西部旺代沿岸关于人类 

影响的新分子 = New elements concerning human 

impacts on the Vendée coast at the end of 

the Mesolithic period. ( 法文 ). Joly C; Visset L. 


A pollen analysis undertaken on coastal mud 

flats (Bâtard beach, Brétignolles-sur-Mer, 

Vendée, western France) has revealed elements 

concerning human impacts at the end of the 

Mesolithic period, around 6900 BC, through the 

presence of Cerealia type and ruderals. These 

new findings concerning the early appearance of 

taxonomic groups connected with agriculture are 

to be added to many others already found in the 

Loire Valley and the Armorican structure in 

western France. Erring on the side of caution, 

and however problematical these results are, we 

once again venture the hypothesis of the early 

spread of agricultural techniques via a southern 

current 

2006040503 

‘ 上普罗旺斯 ’ 一原始的旧石器组合 :La 

Combe Joubert = La Combe Joubert (Céreste, 

France), an original palaeolithic assemblage in 

‘Haute Provence’. ( 英文 ). Ludovic Slimak L; 

Bressy C; Da Silva J; Gilabert C; Guendon C-J; 

Montoya C; Ollivier V, y Raydon V; Renault S. 


An archaeological operation on the ‘Combe 

Joubert’ site (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France) 

revealed a lithic industry characterised by bifaces 

and Levallois technology coexistence. 

Geomorphological specificities permit a chronological 

characterisation of the sequence in a cold 

phase of recent Middle Pleistocene. Specificities 

of the lithic assemblage are close to the Mediterranean 

Upper Acheulean, only known until then 

by surface surveys. The Combe Joubert lithic 

assemblage is the first stratigraphic event for 

these industries in southeastern France 

2006040504 

东南亚 Myanmar 地区中始新世晚期 

Pondaungia 的系统分类和古生物学 = Systematics 

and paleobiology of the anthropoid 

primate Pondaungia from the late Middle Eocene 

of Myanmar. ( 英文 ). Jaeger J-J; Chaimanee 

Y; Tafforeau P; Ducrocq S; Soe A N; Marivaux 

L; Sudre J; Tun S T; Htoon W; Marandat P. 


Several newly recovered specimens documenting 

the Eocene Myanmar (South East Asia) 

anthropoid taxa Pondaungia and Amphipithecus 

modify the classical understanding of the taxonomy 

of these two primates, which have in fact 

no substantial morphological differences. Using 

tooth wear stages and the elevation of the horizontal 

branch of the mandible below the foramen 

mentale, we show a continuous variation, here 

attributed to individual aging. In addition, a 

strong size dimorphism is demonstrated, which 

is attributed to sexual dimorphism. In this context, 

Amphipithecus mogaungensis holotype is 

132

interpreted as a male of Pondaungia cotteri, 

which is recognized as the only large-bodied 

anthropoid of the Pondaung Formation. Growth 

arrest lines (LAGs) have been observed in several 

sections of lower jaws attributed to that species. 

These LAGs are here interpreted as regular 

increments, which formed in response to seasonal 

variability in the environment. They likely 

correspond to annual cycles, and the minimum 

longevity of the individuals can thus be roughly 

estimated. Several features indicate that P. cotteri 

may have been adapted to hard food diet and 

to survive in a strong seasonal climate with annual 

food shortage periods 

2006040505 

古猿与现存人猿超科分化时代的研究 = 

Ouranopithecus and dating the splitting of the 

extant hominoids.. ( 英文 ). de Bonis L; Koufos G 

D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(4): 257- 

264 

Studies of molecular biology allow us to calculate 

distances between the living beings from 

differences that they present at the molecular 

level. They are expressed by a set of dichotomies, 

which represent their phyletic relationships. 

While leaning on certain paleontological data 

that specify the geological age of one of dichotomies, 

these studies aim to give the date of 

all another one (molecular clock). Whatever is 

the used method, results are in agreement with 

regard to the phylogeny but very variable, for 

what is dating. The hominoïd primate Ouranopithecus 

has some derived characters shared 

with australopithecines, and therefore with humans. 

So it must be placed into the clade of the 

Homininae with them. Insofar the separation of 

the human clade and the one of chimps should 

be older than this fossil, that is to say older than 

9.6 Ma. 

2006040506 

非洲猿类和再现的人类之间的分歧 = The 

dichotomy between African apes and humans 

revisited.. ( 英文 ). Senut B; Pickford M. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(4): 265-276 

The dichotomy between the great apes and 

humans evinces intense debate internationally. 

For the past dozen years and more, discoveries 

have multiplied, notably in Africa (Ardipithecus, 

Orrorin and Sahelanthropus) which have permitted 

reassessment of older discoveries such as 

Otavipithecus, Samburupithecus and Kenyapithecus. 

It now seems that the ancestor of our lineage 

lived in Africa, where the oldest evidence of 

human-like bipedalism has been demonstrated at 

about 6 Ma, and that it occupied a relatively humid 

environment 

2006040507 

南方古猿阿法种的后月状沟 : 达特是正确的 

吗 ? = Posterior lunate sulcus in Australopithecus 

africanus: was Dart right?. ( 英文 ). Ralph L. 

Holloway R L; Clarke R J; Tobias P V. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(4): 287-293 

Since Dart’s analysis of the Taung skull 

in1925 in Nature, there has been controversy 

surrounding the presence of a clearly defined 

lunate sulcus (LS) in the australopithecines, 

marking the anterior extent of primary visual 

cortex (PVC). An anterior position signifies that 

the LS is in an ape-like position, such as found 

in Pan troglodytes. A posterior position is a more 

human-like characteristic (autapomorphy). If the 

latter occurred in Australopithecus, then the 

cerebral cortex underwent some neurological 

reorganization prior to brain enlargement, thus 

occurring earlier than the emergence of the genus 

Homo. The endocast of the Stw 

505 specimen from Sterkfontein, South Africa, 

shows an unmistakably posterior placement of 

the LS. The early hominid brain was reorganized 

at least by the time of Australopithecus africanus, 

thus vindicating Dart’s early assessment. 

2006040508 

保护古人类不可再生的资源 : 来自索马里阿 

尔法的观察 = Managing paleoanthropology’s 

nonrenewable resources: a view from Afar. ( 英 

文 ). White T D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 

3(4): 341-351 

Decades of research at major paleoanthropological 

sites in eastern Africa have shown that 

the archaeological and paleontological resources 

they contain are effectively non-renewable given 

geomorphological and geographical constraints. 

The landscapes of these fossil fields were produced 

by centuries of erosion. Once the antiquities 

are collected from the lag deposits armoring 

the sediments, active erosion is insufficient for 

timely replenishment. This means that only the 

first few collection bouts at any given locality 

will be rewarded with impressive yields of fossils. 

The occasional exposure of better-preserved 

specimens from the few available actively eroding 

slopes will follow as yields drop. The Middle 

Awash project is attempting to quantify these 

phenomena and thereby generate information to 

assist in long-term site management. A castrecapture 

experiment has been designed to monitor 

collection efficiency, and collection cycles 

have been instituted to monitor the rate of fossil 

exposure 

2006040509 

Amerindians: 关于他们同质性假说检验 = 

Amerindians: testing the hypothesis about their 

homogeneity. ( 英文 ). Sardi M L; Rozz F 

133

R;Dahinten S L; Pucciarelli H M. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2004, 3(5): 403-409 

One of the postulates of the most accepted 

models about the peopling of the Americas proposes 

that Amerindians constitute a homogeneous 

population. The aim of the present study is 

to assess the homogeneity of the craniofacial 

morphology of South American Amerindians in 

a worldwide context. Variance of each geographical 

region and F ST values among local 

populations were obtained. Results indicate that 

the southern Amerindians present a high level of 

morphologic variation, even when geographically 

closer populations are compared. The origin 

of Amerindians as well as micro evolutionary 

processes, which would explain the high 

variability, is discussed. 

2006040510 

“ 鄂西地区一个含早期人类和巨猿化石的新 

地层单位 — 高坪组 ” 的商榷 = Comments 

on " the Gaoping Formation--a new stratigraphic 

unit with the Gigantopithecus fossils 

from West Hubei". ( 中文 ). 施林峰 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2006, 30(2): 183186 

程捷等人 (2004) 报道了鄂西建始地区高 

坪龙骨洞的发掘和研究情况 , 并试图建立一 

个新的岩石地层单位 —— 高坪组。建组的主 

要依据是将龙骨洞 A 剖面获得的地磁极性柱 

与标准磁性年表的松山反极性世的早期进行 

对比 , 即龙骨洞极性柱上部和中部的正极性 

事件分别与奥都威和留尼旺极性亚时对比。 

根据这种对比方案 , 可以计算出龙骨洞 A 剖 

面的平均沉积速率 , 结果发现该剖面的沉积 

速率变化很大 , 特别是留尼旺亚时的沉积速 

率远远大于相邻时间段的沉积速率 , 这与龙 

骨洞的沉积环境稳定以及相对应的地层岩性 

一致等相矛盾 , 因此 , 这一极性对比方案值 

得商榷 , 高坪组的年代存在不确定性。如果 

将龙骨洞 A 剖面的两个正极性事件与布容期 

和贾拉米诺极性亚时相对比。可以获得较均 

匀的沉积速率 , 由此可推算出的龙骨洞古人 

类年龄大约在 1.1~1.4Ma 之间 , 其时代 

与中国其他大部分地区的古人类年龄也比较 

相近。 

2006040511 

再论 “ 建始人 ” 时代 = Discussion on the age 

of "Jianshi Hominid". ( 中文 ). 程捷 . 地层学 

杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 187-189 

就施林峰同志对湖北建始龙骨洞 “ 建始 

人 ” 的时代提出的异议进行讨论。哺乳动物 

化石、古人类化石和沉积速率研究表明 , 龙 

骨洞古地磁柱的两个正极性事件应与奥都威 

亚时和留尼旺亚时对比。 

2006040512 

南京直立人地点与北京周口店第一地点时代 

与环境辨析 = Discrimination of age and environment 

between the site of Nanjing homo erectus 

and the locality 1 at Zhoukoudian, Beijing. 

( 中文 ). 周春林 ; 袁林旺 ; 刘泽纯 ; 孙小燕 . 地层学 

杂志 , 2006, 30(1): 75-80 

北京周口店第一地点和南京直立人地点是 

我国重要的古人类化石地点。近年来 , 采用 

TIMS 铀系测年等手段对这两个地点的年代重 

新进行了测定 , 将北京和南京直立人生存年 

代均前移了 100ka 以上。南京直立人的时代 

可能大于 500ka, 抑或 580ka。北京直立人的 

时代介于距今 400ka 至 650ka, 抑或 800ka。 

新的年代框架促进了两个地点地层与环境的 

研究。重点梳理两个地点的年代学、地层学 

等方面的研究进展与分歧 , 并对测年方法与 

结果、古生物与地层分析等方面的不确定性 

或多解性进行了讨论。尽管这两个地点在时 

代和环境研究方面仍存疑问 , 有些问题一时 

尚难澄清 , 但还是尝试提出了解决这些问题 

的部分途径和方法。 

2006040513 

地球科学技术对考古学问题的应用 — 介绍 = 

Applications of earth science techniques to archaeological 

problems - Introduction. ( 英文 ). 

Mallory-Greenough L M; Greenough J D. Canadian 


655-657 

The thematic set provides examples of the 

many techniques that earth scientists can offer 

for use in archaeology. These studies use methods 

such as electron microprobe analysis, inductively 

coupled plasma - mass spectrometry, X- 

ray fluorescence, optically stimulated luminescence, 

and soil and sediment stratigraphic analysis. 

Materials examined range from soils to basalt 

and dacite artifacts, glass, ceramics, phytoliths, 

and even ore assay beads. They cover 8000 

years of time and are derived from three continents. 

The diversity of materials and techniques 

underscores the potential for collaboration as we 

open new doors into our collective past. 

2006040514 

藏西南仲巴一带古人类活动遗迹的发现与研 

究 = Discovery and deliberation on the ative 

traces of ancient human in Zhongba, Tibet. ( 中 

文 ). 张振利 ; 李广栋 ; 孙肖 ; 张计东 ; 刘洪章 ; 专少 

鹏 ; 李先 ; 魏文通 . 贵州地质 , 2006, 23(1): 12-19 

于 2000-2005 年在藏西南地区进行 1:25 

万区域地质调查中 , 先后发现了古人类活动遗 

迹点 13 处 , 共采集到各类石器、古陶片、骨 

片等 1 697 件 , 为雪域高原古人类发展演化研 

究提供了十分珍贵的资料 . 经研究认为 , 主要为 

134

中石器文化时代的产物 , 部分有新石器文化的 

叠加 , 仅个别为旧石器文化时代的产物 . 

2006040515 

最后冰川时期欧洲气候变化和进化人类多样 

性 = Climate change and evolving human diversity 

in Europe during the last glacial. ( 英文 ). 

Gamble C;b Davies W; Pettitt P; Richards M. 

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 

B: Biological Sciences, 2004, 359(1442): 243 - 

254 

A link between climate change and human 

evolution during the Pleistocene has often been 

assumed but rarely tested. At the macroevolutionary 

level Foley showed for hominids 

that extinction, rather than speciation, correlates 

with environmental change as recorded in the 

deep sea record. Our aim is to examine this finding 

at a smaller scale and with high-resolution 

environmental and archaeological archives. Our 

interest is in changing patterns of human dispersal 

under shifting Pleistocene climates during the 

last glacial period in Europe. Selecting this time 

frame and region allows us to observe how two 

hominid taxa, Neanderthals and Crô-Magnons, 

adapted to climatic conditions during oxygen 

isotope stage 3. These taxa are representative of 

two hominid adaptive radiations, termed terrestrial 

and aquatic, which exhibited different habitat 

preferences but similar tolerances to climatic 

factors. Their response to changing ecological 

conditions was predicated upon their ability to 

extend their societies in space and time. We examine 

this difference further using a database of 

all available radiocarbon determinations from 

western Europe in the late glacial. These data act 

as proxies for population history, and in particular 

the expansion and contraction of regional 

populations as climate changed rapidly. Independent 

assessment of these processes is obtained 

from the genetic history of Europeans. 

The results indicate that climate affects population 

contraction rather than expansion. We discuss 

the consequences for genetic and cultural 

diversity which led to the legacy of the Ice Age: 

a single hominid species, globally distributed. 

2006040516 

北京猿人洞穴堆积气候地层的重新划分与对 

比 = Climatic stratigraphic re-division and correlation 

of cave sediments at Locality 1 in 

Zhoukoudian, Beijing. ( 中文 ). 刘泽纯 ; 周春林 ; 

陈晔 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(1): 26-32 

周口店第一地点洞穴四十余米厚的堆积层 

自下而上共分为 17 层 , 新近测量的年代推前 

了近 200ka。对堆积层所含哺乳动物化石和孢 

粉资料进行聚类统计和因子分析 , 结合风化系 

数和微量元素含量等古气候代用指标 , 重新定 

量地描绘它所记录的古气候波动旋回。根据 

第 2 层 TIMS 测年为 410ka B.P., 第 14 层上部 

是磁性地层测量的 B/ M 界线 , 可以将该洞穴 

堆积层 1— 14 层对比于深海岩心 δ 1 8 O 气候 

曲线的 11— 19 段或中国黄土 — 古土壤序列 

S 4 — S 7 , 并且古气候旋回内的次级波动也可进 

行一定程度的对比。 

2006040517 

法国马西夫中部地区北缘早更新世时期人类 

的生存 = A human presence during the Early 

Pleistocene on the northern edge of the Massif 

central (France). ( 法文 ). Despriee J; Gageonnet 

R; Voinchet P; Bahain J J; Falgueres C; Varache 

F; Courcimault G;Dolo J M. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(6): 821-828 

The 'Pont-de Lavaud' prehistoric settlement is 

located on the Eguzon-Chantome locality (Indre 

department, France). Several archeological 

pavements included in the partially cryoturbated 

bottom of a very high terrace of the Creuse River, 

were particularly preserved and numerous artefacts 

of archaic lithic industry were excavated. 

The age average of the alluvial formation, obtained 

by Electronic Spin Resonance (ESR) 

method applied to optical bleaching fluvial 

quartz, is 1.1 Ma. The 'Pont-de-Lavaud' site is 

contemporary with the early human populating 

actually recognized in Eurasia during the Lower 

Pleistocene and is an evidence of a human presence 

in the middle of France during this period 

in spite of periglacial climatic oscillations. 

2006040518 

根据腹骨测定法国多尔多涅 Cro-Magnon 化 

石的性识别和死亡年龄 = Age at death and sex 

diagnosis of the Cro-Magnon fossils (Dordogne, 

France) based on the pelvic bone. ( 其他 ). Gambier 

D; Bruzek J; Schmitt A; Houet F; Murail P. 


This paper concerns the sex and age at death 

estimation of the Gravettian skeletons from Cro- 

Magnon site (Dordogne, France). Methods based 

on pelvic bone and probabilistic approach have 

been used. These methods have been tested 

elsewhere and provide a high accuracy level for 

sex and age determination. This analysis shows 

without ambiguity that two adults are male (hip 

bone 4315, 4315-4318), one is a female (pelvic 

bone 4316). The sex diagnosis of the last (pelvic 

bone 4317) is indeterminate. As the adult female 

is aged (more 50 years), she cannot be the 

mother of the newborn identified in the burial 

place. 

2006040519 

135

灵长类的抓功能 : 精确性、工具和演化意义 

= Grasping among Primates: precision, tools and 

evolutionary implications.. ( 法文 ). Pouydebat E; 

Berge C; Gorce P; Coppens Y. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(3/4): 597-602 

The term 'precision', defined as the ability to 

oppose the tips of thumb and index, is generally 

attributed to humans, tool use and associated 

with morphological criteria. Identified in fossils, 

those criteria are used to assert that they belong 

to the genus Homo and they manipulated tools. 

Observations of 67 Catarrhines and one Platyrrhine 

allowed us to quantify surfaces of fingers 

used during simple tasks of grasping both small 

and large objects, as well as during complex 

tasks of proto-tool and tool use. We concluded 

that precision handling is not peculiar to humans 

and that it is not systematically linked to tool use. 

Moreover, these results allowed us to discuss 

morphological traits used till now to deduce precision, 

tool use and hence the human character 

of a fossil. 

历史地质学、地层学 

古地理学、古气候学 

2006040520 

中国震积岩研究综述 = An overview of seismite 

research in China. ( 中文 ). 赵卫卫 ; 查明 ; 杨 

剑萍 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 171-176 

震积岩是具有特殊震积构造和震积序列的 

一种灾变性事件岩。近十几年来国内外许多 

学者在研究、对比现代和古代震积岩成因沉 

积物后 , 逐渐认识到震积岩不同于其他类型 

的沉积岩 , 震积岩的主要识别标志有震裂 

缝、地裂缝、断裂递变层、微同沉积断裂、 

层内褶皱、假结核、液化砂 ( 泥 ) 岩脉、火 

焰构造及振动液化卷曲变形构造等。对中国 

震积岩和震积作用、地震 —— 海啸序列、碳 

酸盐岩振动液化序列与萨布哈震积岩序列、 

震积岩与震积不整合序列、大陆边缘震积岩 

序列、陆相断陷湖盆震积岩及垂向序列等研 

究成果进行了综述。通过岩心观察和描述开 

展陆相震积岩研究具有重要的地质意义 , 特 

别是生油断陷湖盆震积岩的研究具有重要的 

石油地质意义。 

2006040521 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚夏洛特皇后群岛晚更 

新世沿岸古地理及其对陆地生物地理和冰后 

期早期的人类活动区的意义 = Late Pleistocene 

coastal paleogeography of the Queen Charlotte 

Islands, British Columbia, Canada, and its implications 

for terrestrial biogeography and early 

postglacial human occupation. ( 英文 ). Hetherington 

R; Barrie J V; Reid R G B; MacLeod R; 

Smith D J; James T S; Kung R. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2003, 40(12): 1755- 

1766(12) 

Molluscs, sediment lithology, and published 

sub-bottom profiles are used to deduce sea levels, 

outline the influence of glacially induced crustal 

displacement, and reconstruct the paleoenvironment 

of the northeast Pacific late Quaternary 

coastline. Geo-spatial modelling shows subaerially 

exposed land that could have been inhabited 

by plants and animals, and also coastally migrating 

early North American peoples. Ice-free terrain, 

present by at least 13 790 ± 150 14 C years 

BP, a land bridge, and edible molluscs are identified. 

Queen Charlotte Islands (QCI) late Pleistocene 

coastal paleogeography may assist in 

explaining the biogeography of many terrestrial 

plant and animal species along the broader 

northeastern Pacific margin and provide evidence 

for researchers seeking late Pleistocene – 

early Holocene glacial refugia. Late Pleistocene 

– early Holocene coastlines that are not drowned 

and that may harbour early archaeological sites 

are identified along the western QCI, where migrants 

probably first travelled and the westernmost 

British Columbia mainland, where the effects 

of glacial ice were reduced. 

2006040522 

第四纪大气候变化的天文起因 = Astronomical 

origin of the large climatic variations during the 

Quaternary. ( 法文 ). Berger A. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(1-2): 21-26 

The astronomical theory of palacoclimates 

aims at explaining the recurrence of glacialinterglacial 

cycles during the Quaternary. It is 

based upon the long-term variations of the latitudinal 

and seasonal distributions of the energy 

that the Earth receives from the Sun. The response 

of the climate system to this forcing has 

been simulated by means of the Louvain-la- 

Neuve (Belgium) model of intermediate complexity. 

This model reproduces the main climatic 

features of the last 3 Myr: the entrance into glaciation 

2.75 Myr ago; the obliquity cycles from 

Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene; the emergence 

of the 100-kyr cycle 900 kyr ago, the glacial-interglacial 

cycles of the last 600 kyr, and 

the climatic variations of the last 200 kyr. In 

addition to the role played by insolation and 

greenhouse gases, the model stresses the importance 

of the feedbacks related to the water vapour, 

the planetary albedo, the vegetation, the 

inlandsis and the isostatic rise. Moreover, the 

analysis of the Quaternary climate has shown 

that Marine Isotopic Stage 11, 400 000 years ago, 

was the best analogue of our Holocene. Simulations 

and sensitivity analyses show that our interglacial 

will last much longer than most of the 

others, even without taking into account the impact 

of human activities on the climate. 

136

前古生界 

2006040523 

国际前寒武纪划分最新研究动态 — 国际前寒 

武纪地层分会 Fremantle 工作会议简介 = 

New progress of the global Precambrian subdivision 

— Brief introduction to the Fremantle 

Workshop of International Subcommission on 

Precambrian Stratigraphy. ( 中文 ). 陆松年 . 地层 

学杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 141-142 

新一届国际前寒武纪地层分会在 32 届国际 

地质大会期间正式成立 , 其任务是确定宙 

(Eon) 和代 (Era) 级年代界线、建立完整 

的和自然的国际前寒武纪地质年表。分会现 

有 15 名投票委员和若干通讯委员。经全国地 

层委员会推荐、国际前寒武纪地层分会同 

意 , 天津地质矿产研究所陆松年和中国地质 

科学院地质研究所万渝生研究员任投票委 

员 , 李怀坤、王惠初、郭敬辉等三位年轻学 

者任通讯委员。新一届国际前寒武纪地层分 

会第一次工作会议于 2005 年 9 月 25 日在西 

澳的 Fremantle 召开 , 国际前寒武纪地层分会 

前主席 Plumb, 著名地质学家 Hoffman 、 

Kroner 等应邀参加了会议。会议没有设立专 

门的议题 , 但是邀请了几位专家做重点发 

言 , 并围绕重点发言进行深入讨论。尽管会 

议未对前寒武纪地质年表的具体方案进行讨 

论 , 但根据重点发言和讨论情况分析 , 在许 

多重要问题上还存在认识上的差异 , 例如如 

何定义太古宙及太古宙的顶、底界时限 ? 

“ 关键性地质事件 (Key event)” 选择的标准 

是什么 ? 是否存在全球性等时的关键性地质 

事件等。会议中讨论较多的问题有 :1) 太古 

宙底界是 4.2Ga, 还是 3.85Ga? 2) 太古宙与 

元古宙界线的确定 , 是否应反映地球系统的 

根本性转变 ? 3) 是否设立 “Transition 宙 ”? 

4)“Cryogenian( 成冰纪 )” 的定义及其底界年 

龄。 

2006040524 

北大巴山区鲁家坪组的厘定 = The Lujiaping 

Formtion of Northen Daba Mountain. ( 中文 ). 雒 

昆利 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 149-156 

根据鲁家坪组的岩性、岩相和变质程度的 

变化以及区域分布特征 , 原定义所包含的岩 

石内容过于庞大 , 混淆了岩石地层单位和年 

代地层单位。通过对鲁家坪组的命名地点和 

标准剖面所在地 —— 北大巴山南部的陕西紫 

阳县鲁家坪村的鲁家坪剖面及其他剖面的详 

细研究 , 原鲁家坪组按岩性可分为三段 , 下 

段以白云岩为主 ; 中段以厚层硅质岩为主 , 

中段下部的硅质岩中夹磷质白云岩和灰岩 , 

其中产小壳化石 Archaeooides sp. , Protohertina 

sp. , Chancelloria sp. 和 Hyolithids, 中段 

上部的硅质岩中夹多层毒重石或重晶石矿层 

以及砂炭 ( 石煤 ) 和火山岩层 , 即以硅质岩 

类为主 ; 上段以黑灰色 ( 风化后为浅灰色 ) 

含硅炭板岩和泥灰质含炭板岩为主。根据原 

鲁家坪组各段岩层的岩性、岩相、岩层层 

序、厚度和分布范围等 , 原鲁家坪组的下部 

的厚层状灰质白云岩和硅质白云岩等与原鲁 

家坪组中部的厚层硅质岩及硅质板岩 , 以及 

上部的板岩和千枚岩和页岩的岩性和岩相差 

别较大 , 应从原鲁家坪组划出 , 暂仍称为灯 

影组 , 与三峡地区的灯影组可对比 ; 原鲁家 

坪组的中上部为鲁家坪组的主体 , 仍称鲁家 

坪组。厘定后的鲁家坪组与扬子地台的下寒 

武统的筇竹寺组 ( 云南 )、牛蹄塘组 ( 贵 

州 ) 和宽川铺组 ( 陕南宁强 ) 可以对比 , 而 

与后者的主要区别在于后者的下部以黑色页 

岩为主、硅质岩岩层薄 , 而鲁家坪组下部的 

硅质岩特别发育 , 厚度大 , 常常夹有毒重石 

矿层、砂炭和火山岩等。 

2006040525 

武当群上部变沉积岩组时代归属问题 : 单锆 

石 U-Pb 年龄的制约 = A discussion on the age 

of the meta-sedimentary rocks in the upper part 

of the Wudang Group : constrained by the 

grain-zircon u-pb dating. ( 中文 ). 蔡志勇 ; 罗洪 ; 

熊小林 ; 吴德宽 ; 吴贤亮 ; 孙三才 ; 杨军 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2006, 30(1): 60-63 

武当群主要分布在南秦岭武当地块中部 , 

下部为变火山岩组 , 上部为变沉积岩组。目 

前认为上部变沉积岩组成岩年龄为 1000- 

1200Ma, 属中元古代。从上部变沉积岩组凝 

灰岩夹层中获得 5 颗锆石进行了 U—Pb 法年 

龄测定 , 结果显示时代为 (744±36)Ma, 

结合古生物及地层研究成果 , 认为测定的这 

组年龄值代表了武当岩群上部变沉积岩组的 

成岩时间为南华纪。 

2006040526 

“ 清河镇群 ” 年代地层学研究进展 = Progress 

in the study of chronostratigraphy of the " 

Qinghezhen Group ". ( 中文 ). 陈跃军 ; 彭玉鲸 ; 

刘跃文 ;G Matthew. 地质论评 , 2006, 52(2): 

170-177 

本文根据 “ 清河镇群 ”( 或 “ 开原岩群 ”) 年 

代地层学研究新进展 , 即在上肥地剖面原划 

入北大沟组、吴家堡子组 , 尖山子水库大坝 

原划入北大沟组等地层中获得的岩浆结晶锆 

石 ( SHRIMP ) 年龄 2497±27Ma 、 

2522±17Ma,250±5Ma; 在 “ 白砬子组 ”( 或 

“ 照北山岩组 ”) 之建组剖面东杨木林子的大 

理岩 ( 结晶灰岩 ) 中获得震旦纪之微古植物 

化石 —Stictosphaeridium tortutosum , 

Synsphaeridium sp . , Hystrisphaeridium 

sp. 等 , 结合前人研究成果和区域地质构造 

137

特征 , 提出清河断裂为华北板块 ( 清原地 

块 ) 与北部陆缘活动带 ( 兴蒙或吉黑造山 

带 ) 的界线 , 前人划分的 “ 辽河群 ” 或 “ 清河镇 

群 ” 或 “ 开原岩群 ” 是分布在不同大地构造单元 

内的、不同属性的地质体的拼合物。并重新 

划分为清河断裂带之南华北板块内的新太古 

代英云闪长岩和古元古代芦家堡子岩组 ; 清 

河断裂带以北华北板块北部陆缘活动带的构 

造岩石地层一新元古代 ( 震旦纪 ) 西保安岩 

组、早寒武世佟家屯岩组和晚二叠世尖山子 

火山岩。 

2006040527 

南非约 1.8Ga 的 Waterberg 群碎屑岩沉积沙 

丘间泥质包卷结构 = Muddy roll-up structures 

in siliciclastic interdune beds of the c. 1.8 Ga 

Waterberg Group, South Africa. ( 英文 ). Eriksson 

P G; Simpson E L; Eriksson K A; Bumby A 

J; Steyn G L; Sarkar S. Palaios, 2000, 15(3): 

177-183 

Concentrically rolled-up silty mudrock laminae, 

1–2 mm thick, are found in the uppermost 

of four, 40–110 cm thick interdune beds within 

a thick aeolian succession of the c. 1.8 Ga Makgabeng 

Formation, Waterberg Group, South Africa. 

These curved laminae are analogous to previously 

described "roll-ups," biogenic structures 

generally ascribed to soft-sediment deformation 

or desiccation of microbial mats overlying either 

carbonate or siliciclastic sediments, within shallow- 

to deep-marine paleoenvironments. The 

Makgabeng roll-ups are thought to reflect desiccation 

of a microbial mat, followed by resedimentation 

of cohesive, discrete, curled mat 

fragments. Their alignment is considered to be 

the result of an extreme precipitation event. The 

significance of the South African example of 

roll-ups is that they appear to have formed within 

a fully terrestrial paleoenvironment, in one of the 

oldest known Precambrian deserts. Thus, they 

represent the oldest evidence for microbial colonisation 

of a terrestrial setting. 

2006040528 

上扬子区震旦系层序地层格架及其形成的古 

地理背景 = Sequence stratigraphic framework 

and its palaeogeographical background for the 

Sinian of Upper Yangtze Region. ( 中文 ). 梅冥 

相 ; 周鹏 ; 张海 ; 陈永红 ; 聂瑞贞 . 古地理学 

报 , 2006, 8(2): 219-232 

上扬子区的震旦系包括陡山沱组和灯影 

组 , 前者包含较多的黑色页岩 , 而后者则以 

发育大套白云岩为特征。从岩相序列到米级 

旋回 , 从沉积相序列到三级层序 , 可将浅水 

台地背景的震旦系划分为 5 个三级层序。这 

些三级层序可以进一步归为一个二级层序。 

以各个主要剖面的层序划分为基础 , 依据地 

层记录中的两种相变面和两种穿时性 , 可以 

建立研究区震旦系的层序地层格架。其中包 

含较多的深水黑色页岩系的陡山沱组 , 反映 

了大冰期之后海侵作用的特点 ; 与寒武系的 

变化特征不同 , 自北西而南东沉积环境由浅 

交深 , 该背景中沉积了原生沉积组构保存较 

为完好的灯影组白云岩 , 这种变化可能反映 

了前寒武纪末期特殊的白云石化作用特征 , 

同时也代表了许多有待于进一步研究的沉积 

学问题。从陡山沱组黑色页岩系到灯影组白 

云岩 , 不但构成了一个更大级别的总体向上 

变浅的沉积相序列 , 还反映了一个与三级和 

二级海平面变化过程相响应的缓坡型碳酸盐 

台地的生长发育过程 , 该过程较为清楚地显 

示在系列层序地层格架栅状图和岩相古地理 

图之中。 

2006040529 

内蒙古中部大青山 - 乌拉山地区早前寒武系研 

究的重要进展及对高级变质区开展地层工作 

的几点建议 = Major progress in Early Precambrian 

research in the Daqing Shan-Wula Shan 

region, central Inner Mongolia, China, and some 

suggestions for stratigraphic work in high-grade 

metamorphic areas. ( 中文 ). 杨振升 ; 徐仲元 ; 刘 

正宏 ; 黄道玲 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(4): 427-433 

介绍了 1996-2003 年期间 , 通过内蒙古大 

青山 - 乌拉山地区 1:5 万和 1:25 万区域地 

质调查 , 在本区早前寒武纪地层尤其是高级 

变质地层研究方面取得的重要进展。这些进 

展是 : 重建了一个由 4 个岩群 12 个岩组构成 

的早前寒武纪地层系统 ; 发现了枣儿沟角度 

不整合面和新建了古元古代的美岱召岩群 ; 

提出了适合高级变质地层发育区地层工作的 

“ 构造 - 岩层 - 事件法 ” 的工作思路和方法。在 

这一思路和方法指导下 , 明确了本区构造样 

式演化与高级区地层系统重建的关系 , 提出 

了主期构造决定岩石地层现今展布特征 , 早 

期构造造成地层组成、结构特征、空间叠置 

及接触关系性质 , 后期构造导致区内高级变 

质地层局部复杂化和再造的基本规律性的认 

识。最后对高级区开展地层研究提出 4 点建 

议。 

2006040530 

新元古代 “ 雪球 ” 假说与生命演化的环境 

= "Snowball Earth" hypothesis and the palaeoenvironment 

for life evolution during the 

Late Neoproterozoic. ( 中文 ). 李美俊 ; 王铁冠 ; 王 

春江 . 沉积学报 , 2006, 24(1): 107-112 

新元古代末期 , 地球至少经历了两次全球 

性的冰川作用 , 研究者提出了 “ 雪球 ” 假说 

来解释新元古代时期一系列特殊的地质现 

象 , 该假说已成为研究新元古代全球冰川作 

138

用和其后生物大爆发事件的窗口。但一些学 

者并不赞成地球曾经是被冰雪完全覆盖的 

“ 雪球 ”, 并分别提出了 “ 半融雪球 / 无冰 

水体 ” 和 “ 薄冰 ” 假说。尽管每一种假说都 

不能解释所有的地质、地球化学现象 , 但越 

来越越多的证据 , 特别是分子有机地球化学 

和古生物学的证据表明 ,“ 雪球 ” 时期的海 

洋并没有完全被冰封盖 , 在赤道地区的冰盖 

可能很薄或存在无冰的水体。无冰水体的存 

在可以使一些光合生物继续生存和演化 , 这 

对其后的 “ 寒武纪生物大爆发 ” 事件和生命 

演化具有重要的意义。 

2006040531 

上扬子区震旦系层序地层划分 = Sequencestratigraphic 

division for the Sinian System of 

the Upper-Yangtze region. ( 中文 ). 梅冥相 ; 聂瑞 

贞 ; 张海 ; 陈永红 ; 孟晓庆 . 现代地质 , 2006, 20(1): 

49-60 

上扬子区的震旦系包括陡山沱组和灯影 

组 , 前者包含较多的黑色页岩 , 而后者则以 

大套白云岩为特征。从岩相序列到米级旋 

回 , 从沉积相序列到三级层序 , 可将浅水台 

地背景的震旦系划分为 5 个三级层序 , 这些 

三级层序均以总体向上变浅的沉积相序列为 

特征 ; 该 5 个三级层序组成一个二级层序 , 

陡山沱组较多的黑色页岩到灯影组大套白云 

岩所组成的向上变浅序列是该二级层序的主 

要特点 , 从而表明二级层序与三级层序具有 

相似的相序组构。以各个主要剖面点的层序 

划分为基础 , 依据地层记录中的两种相变面 

和两种穿时性 , 可以建立研究区域震旦系层 

序地层格架。层序地层格架表明 , 包含较多 

的深水黑色页岩系的陡山沱组 , 代表了大冰 

期之后的海侵作用的特点 ; 与寒武系的变化 

特征不同 , 而原生沉积组构保存较为完好的 

灯影组白云岩 , 自北西而南东沉积环境由浅 

变深的沉积背景中均为白云岩 , 这种变化特 

点可能意味着前寒武纪末期特殊的白云石化 

作用特征 , 同时也意味着许多有待于进一步 

研究的沉积学问题。 

2006040532 

新元古代十三里台期叠层石组合的地层对比 

意义 = Neoproterozoic stromatolite assemblages 

from the Shisanlitai Stage and its significance in 

the regional and continental correlation. ( 中文 ). 

华洪 ; 曹瑞骥 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(1): 19-25 

新元古代十三里台期辽南徐淮地区的叠层 

石组合以 Conophyton ocularoides 与 Baicalia 

共生为特色 , Inzeria 、 Gymnosolen 、 

Tungussia、Jurusania、L inella 等的相继集中 

出现为代表 , 叠层石的丰度和分异度极高 , 达 

到叠层石演化史上的鼎盛时期。类似的叠层 

石组合在世界各地晚里菲期中频有发现。至 

马家屯期 , 叠层石进入逐步衰退阶段 , 叠层石 

多组成半球状生物岩礁 , 柱体细小、相互密集 

丛生、分叉复杂、大多具壁或鞘 , 柱间充填大 

量叠层石砾屑和陆源石英碎屑 , 同时叠层石微 

结构发生明显变化 , 出现特征的半球形放射纤 

维状组构。十三里台期叠层石组合特征明 

显、组分相对稳定 , 不仅在区域间 , 甚至在洲 

际间具有地层对比的潜力。 

2006040533 

皖北新元古代望山组震积岩的基本特征及其 

形成环境分析 = The characters and environments 

of the seismites of the Neoproterzoic 

Wangshan Formation in North Anhui. ( 中文 ). 贾 

志海 ; 洪天求 ; 郑文武 ; 李双应 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2003, 27(2): 146-149,158 

皖北望山组碳酸盐岩中含有大量液化碳酸 

盐脉、液化变形、角砾岩等震积岩特征 , 是皖 

北新元古代地层中含震积岩的重要层位。根 

据震积岩的特征及其在剖面上的分布将望山 

组沉积期的地震活动分为三期 ; 依据对该组碳 

酸盐岩的沉积特点的分析认为望山组沉积期 

的地震活动发生在浅海环境中。这些地震活 

动与新元古代华北板块内的构造 — 岩浆活动 

有关。 

2006040534 

四川会理天宝山组 U-Pb 年龄 = The U-Pb 

ages of the volcanic rock of the Tianbaoshan 

Formation, Huili, Sichuan Province. ( 中文 ). 牟 

传龙 ; 林仕良 ; 余谦 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(3): 

216-219 

广泛分布于四川会理地区的天宝山组 , 由 

于缺少精确的年龄数据 , 对其归属和区域地层 

对比存在较大的分歧。本次在对分布于会理 

洪川桥、孔明寨等剖面的天宝山组地层进行 

详细的野外地质考察的基础上 , 通过采集天宝 

山组中的变质斑状英安岩样品 , 从中挑选单颗 

粒锆石进行 U-Pb 年龄测试 , 获得年龄为 

954—961Ma, 平均值为 958±16Ma。根据国 

际地层划分方案 , 表明天宝山组为新元古代的 

地层 . 

2006040535 

赣东北珍珠山群的建立及意义 = Establishment 

of the Zhenzhushan Group in northeast 

Jiangxi and its significance. ( 中文 ). 邓国辉 ; 楼 

法生 ; 黄传冠 . 地质通报 , 2003, 22(1): 32-42 

珍珠山群是发育在扬子板块与华夏板块拼 

接带东段之婺源 — 乐平地区的一套中元古代 

蓟县纪变质深海浊积岩 - 火山岩组合 , 自下而 

上可进一步划分为佛子坑组、鄣山组、周溪 

组、中洲组 , 火山活动呈现由弱 — 强 — 弱的演 

化规律。岩石化学特征反映其大地构造环境 

139

属火山岛弧或活动边缘盆地 , 其层位与弧后盆 

地双桥山群修水组、溪口群 , 弧间盆地诸家 

群、铜厂岩群、张村岩群 , 火山岛弧双溪坞群 

相当 , 但岩性组合差异甚大 , 属同时异相产 

物。它们共同构成扬子陆缘的双列岛弧造山 

带模式 , 是中元古代末华夏板块与扬子板块俯 

冲 - 碰撞造山的结果。珍珠山群的建立 , 为华 

南中元古代板块碰撞提供了新的证据。 

古生界 

2006040536 

加拿大科迪耶拉下古生代地层和生物地层对 

比 : 对劳伦古陆大地构造演化的意义 = 

Lower Paleozoic stratigraphic and biostratigraphic 

correlations in the Canadian Cordillera: 

implications for the tectonic evolution of the 

Laurentian margin. ( 英文 ). Pyle L J; Barnes C R. 


40(12): 1739-1753(15) 

The ancient Laurentian margin rifted in the 

latest Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian but appears 

not to have developed as a simple passive 

margin through a long, post-rift, drift phase. 

Stratigraphic and conodont biostratigraphic information 

from four platform-to-basin transects 

across the margin has advanced our knowledge 

of the early Paleozoic evolution of the margin. In 

northeastern British Columbia, two northern 

transects span the Macdonald Platform to Kechika 

Trough and Ospika Embayment, and a 

third transect spans the parautochthonous Cassiar 

Terrane. In the southern Rocky Mountains, 

new conodont biostratigraphic data for the Ordovician 

succession of the Bow Platform is correlated 

to coeval basinal facies of the White 

River Trough. In total, from 26 stratigraphic 

sections, over 25 km of strata were measured 

and > 1200 conodont samples were collected 

that yielded over 100 000 conodont elements. 

Key zonal species were used for regional correlation 

of uppermost Cambrian to Middle Devonian 

strata along the Cordillera. The biostratigraphy 

temporally constrains at least two periods 

of renewed extension along the margin, in the 

latest Cambrian and late Early Ordovician. Alkalic 

volcanics associated with abrupt facies 

changes across the ancient shelf break, intervals 

of slope debris breccia deposits, and distal turbidite 

flows suggest the margin was characterized 

by intervals of volcanism, basin foundering, 

and platform flooding. Siliciclastics in the succession 

were sourced by a reactivation of tectonic 

highs, such as the Peace River Arch. 

Prominent hiatuses punctuate the succession, 

including unconformities of early Late Ordovician, 

sub-Llandovery, possibly Early to Middle 

Silurian and Early Devonian ages. 

2006040537 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚斯梯芬山 Fossil Gully 

断裂带西部布尔吉司页岩和共生的寒武纪组 

合 = The Burgess Shale and associated Cambrian 

formations west of the Fossil Gully Fault 

Zone on Mount Stephen, British Columbia. ( 英 

文 ). Fletcher T P; Collins D H. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2003, 40(12): 1823- 

1838(16) 

West of the Fossil Gully Fault Zone on Mount 

Stephen, the three lowest members only of the 

Burgess Shale Formation are preserved: the 

Kicking Horse Shale, the Yoho River Limestone, 

and the Campsite Cliff Shale. The formation 

rests unconformably upon the Takakkaw Tongue 

Formation, whose dark basinal limestones conformably 

overlie paler shelf-like limestones of 

the Mount Whyte Formation. Mapping has resolved 

a long-standing problem and shown that 

the stratigraphical position of the famous Mount 

Stephen Trilobite Beds lies within the Campsite 

Cliff Shale. It has also revealed some of the 

complexities of the Fossil Gully Fault Zone, 

among which different periods and directions of 

component fault movements are indicated. Faunal 

evidence shows that the Plagiura–Kochaspis 

to Albertella and Albertella to Glossopleura 

zonal boundaries lie within the Takakkaw 

Tongue sequence. Within the Burgess Shale, 

three distinct soft-bodied communities occur at 

different stratigraphical levels on this mountain 

slope. The oldest, characterized by the arthropod 

Alalcomenaeus and chelicerate Sanctacaris, occurs 

low in the Kicking Horse Shale Member 

and is best known from Collins Quarry. The others 

lie within the Campsite Cliff Shale Member. 

The Trilobite Beds, characterized by claws of 

the dinocarid Anomalocaris and moults of the 

trilobite Ogygopsis klotzi, onlap the sloping top 

of a proximal bench facies of the Yoho River 

Limestone Member close to the Cathedral Escarpment. 

Slightly older and farther out in the 

basin are beds characterized by the dinocarid 

Laggania and a tulip-like animal related to Dinomischus, 

excavated about 12 m above the top 

of a thin distal wedge facies of the Yoho River 

Limestone at the S7 site. Among the illustrated 

trilobites, a new corynexochine from the Campsite 

Cliff Shale Member is figured. 

À l'ouest de la zone de faille de Fossil Gully sur 

le mont Stephen, seuls les trois membres 

2006040538 

新不伦瑞克南部首个中奥陶世生物群 : 对于 

Avalon 大陆演化的地层和大地构造意义 = 

First Middle Ordovician biota from southern 

140

New Brunswick: stratigraphic and tectonic implications 

for the evolution of the Avalon continent. 

( 英文 ). Landing E; Westrop S R; Kim D H. 


40(5): 715-730 

A limestone boulder in the Triassic Lepreau 

Formation near Saint John, New Brunswick, has 

yielded the first diverse marine fauna from the 

sub-Caradoc Ordovician of the western Avalon 

continent. This fauna includes the first Arenig 

conodonts recovered from Avalon and represents 

an unexposed interval in southern New Brunswick. 

Association of the conodonts Drepanoistodus 

and Baltoniodus and the trilobites Neseuretus, 

Nileus, and Stapeleyella emphasizes 

the faunal dissimilarity of Avalon and Laurentia 

through the late Middle Ordovician. Extension 

of the ranges of Neseuretus cf. Neseuretus parvifrons 

and Stapeleyella from Britain into New 

Brunswick further emphasizes that "eastern" and 

"western" Avalon were confluent parts of a unified, 

insular Avalon continent that originated in 

the latest Precambrian. This fauna correlates 

with the lower Amorphognathus (Lenodus) variabilis 

Zone (Kundan Stage) of Baltica and the 

terminal Arenig (upper Middle Ordovician; 

lower Darriwilian Stage) of Avalonian Britain. 

Available evidence suggests that an Arenig 

cover sequence with local shallow-water hematitic 

iron ore, quartz arenite, and rare limestone 

extended across the Avalonian marginal and 

inner platforms from eastern Newfoundland to 

the Boston, Massachusetts, region. This "western" 

Avalonian Arenig shows the greatest similarity 

with the Arenig of the Welsh Borderlands. 

Phosphatic fossils from the boulder have a thermal 

alteration index much lower than that of 

nearby lower Paleozoic outcrops and suggest 

derivation of the boulder from a weakly heated 

Avalonian succession brought into the Bay of 

Fundy region by post-Ordovician transcurrent 

faulting. 

2006040539 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚东北部罗德河群下至 

中泥盆统 Deserters 组牙形石生物地层 = 

Conodont biostratigraphy of the Lower to Middle 

Devonian Deserters Formation (new), Road 

River Group, northeastern British Columbia. ( 英 

文 ). Pyle L J; Orchard M J; Barnes C R; Landry 

M L. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2003, 

40(1): 99-113 

A new Lower to Middle Devonian basinal unit 

of the Road River Group. herein formally named 

the Deserters Formation, contains argillaceous, 

crinoidal limestone and black shale deposited in 

a linear sub-basin of the Ospika Embayment, 

southern Kechika Trough. The abrupt lateral 

facies changes in the region, facies thickness, 

and occurrence of volcanics indicate a period of 

extensional tectonism. A total of 53 (4-5 kg each) 

samples from the Deserters Formation yielded 

7766 conodont elements assigned to 14 genera 

representing 33 species. The formation ranges 

from the Lachkovian (eleanorae Zone, or lower 

part of the delta Zone of the Cordilleran Region) 

to Eifelian (australis Zone). The temporal constraints 

established by conodont biostratigraphy 

allow correlation to the Grizzly Bear Formation, 

a regionally restricted Lower to Middle Devonian 

unit in the Selwyn Basin to the north. 

中生界 

2006040540 

一个早白垩纪 ( 巴列姆期 - 早阿尔拜期 ) 北海 

钻孔 (BGS 81/40) 的综合地层学 = Integrated 

stratigraphy of an Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Early 

Albian) North Sea borehole (BGS 

81/40). ( 英文 ). R ü ckheim S; Bornemann 

A;Mutterlose J. Cretaceous Research, 2006, 

27(3): 447-463 

The Early Cretaceous (Barremian – Albian) 

sedimentary succession of a cored borehole 

(BGS 81/40, Central North Sea Basin) has been 

examined. The 41.30-m-thick sequence has been 

studied for calcareous nannofossils, planktonic 

foraminifera and bulk-rock carbon isotopes. The 

core was dated by applying the well-established 

calcareous nannofossil zonation schemes of the 

Boreal Realm. Planktonic foraminifera were 

observed throughout the late Barremian–Early 

Albian interval. The fragmentary and inadequate 

planktonic foraminiferal zonation of the Boreal 

Realm has therefore been replaced by a new 

zonation scheme (Boreal Planktonic Foraminiferal 

Zones 1–6). This new zonation scheme 

allows for a comparison with the established 

Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal zonation 

schemes. Furthermore, carbon isotopes were 

correlated with Tethyan records. The resulting 

integrated stratigraphical framework of the core 

suggests a Barremian–Albian age, with hiatuses 

for parts of the Early Aptian and Aptian/Albian 

boundary interval. 

2006040541 

东亚和北美早白垩纪盆地的古地理和古气候 

以及非海相地层 = Paleogeographic and paleoclimatic 

setting of Lower Cretaceous basins of 

East Asia and western North America, with reference 

to the nonmarine strata. ( 英文 ). Haggart J 

W; Matsukawa M;Ito M. Cretaceous Research, 

2006, 27(2): 149-167 

Lower Cretaceous strata are widespread in 

East Asia and along the western coast of North 

America. In both regions, Cretaceous basins 

contain significant stratigraphic accumulations 

and can be thought of as along-strike equivalents. 

141

In East Asia, fore-arc basins were oriented parallel 

to and east of active magmatic arcs while in 

western North America extensive fore-arc successions 

accumulated west of the arc complexes. 

The greater extent of nonmarine, rift and backarc 

basins in the East Asian region, and overall 

lower topographic development, was likely related 

to movement of the region away from ongoing 

subduction to the east. In western North 

America, by contrast, movement of the North 

American plate westwards towards the active 

subduction zone resulted in development of a 

volumetrically larger and topographically higher 

orogen than in East Asia. 

The active arc complexes in both regions exerted 

significant controls on paleoclimate. Interior 

basins of both Asia and North America, landward 

of arc complexes, were significantly drier 

than the coastal areas, due to rain-shadow phenomena 

in both regions. Although the proto- 

Pacific Ocean was likely much wider during 

Early Cretaceous time than it is today, we infer 

that similar oceanic circulation patterns existed 

and significantly affected climate and molluscan 

biogeographic assemblages of both East Asia 

and western North America: East Asia was 

dominated by warm water derived from the 

Tethyan regions, whereas west coast North 

America was influenced by cooler waters derived 

from high-latitudes. 

2006040542 

中国东北部黑龙江东部上侏罗统 - 下白垩统 : 

地层学和区域盆地历史 = The Upper Jurassic–Lower 

Cretaceous of eastern Heilongjiang, 

northeast China: stratigraphy and regional basin 

history. ( 英文 ). Sha J G;Matsukawa M;Cai H 

W;Jiang B Y;Ito M;He C Q;Gu Z W ei. Cretaceous 

Research, 2003, 24(6): 715-728 

In eastern Heilongjiang, the Upper Jurassic is 

marine and restricted to the Suibin and Dong’ 

an areas, where it is characterized faunally by 

Callovian – Volgian (Tithonian) bivalves and 

florally by dinoflagellates. The Lower Cretaceous 

is widely distributed in eastern Heilongjiang, 

and characterized faunally by Berriasian– 

Valanginian bivalves, Barremian–Albian ammonites 

and Aucellina, and florally by dinoflagellates. 

To the west, the marine facies grade into 

non-marine beds. Thus, in the east, for example 

in the Dong’an and Dajiashan areas, near the 

northwestern Palaeo-Pacific, the Lower Cretaceous 

is marine; westward, in the Yunshan, 

Longzhaogou, Peide, and Zhushan areas, marine 

and non-marine deposits alternate, whereas further 

west still, e.g. in the Jixi Basin, non-marine 

facies are intercalated with marine beds. This 

regional distribution is indicative of a large, 

shallow embayment opening eastwards to the 

Palaeo-Pacific; during the Early Cretaceous successive 

transgressive-regressive events influenced 

the climate and biota of eastern Heilongjiang 

and northeastern China. Many of the Lower 

Cretaceous sections contain abundant coals, 

demonstrating that in this region the Early Cretaceous 

was an important coal-forming period. 

Some non-marine bivalve species are common 

to the Lower Cretaceous Jixi Group of eastern 

Heilongjiang, the Jehol Group of western Liaoning 

and the Transbaikalian Group of Siberia, 

suggesting that these groups are of comparable 

Early Cretaceous age. 

2006040543 

德国西北部 Vöhrum 剖面及阿普第阶 / 阿尔必 

阶界线 = The Vöhrum section (northwest Germany) 

and the Aptian/Albian boundary. ( 英文 ). 

Mutterlose J;Bornemann A;Luppold F W;Owen 

H G;Ruffell A;Weiss W;Wray D. Cretaceous 

Research, 2003, 24(3): 203-252 

Prior to 1947, the Aptian/Albian boundary 

was placed at the base of the Nolaniceras nolani 

ammonite Zone. From (Trav. Lab. Géol. Fac. 

Sci. 26 (1947) 17), until (Cret. Res. 20 (1999) 

609), the base of the Albian stage has been taken 

at the first appearance of the ammonite Leymeriella 

(Proleymeriella) schrammeni, a species 

known only from a limited area of northwest 

Germany. The early succession of Leymeriella 

and its relationship with ammonite taxa from the 

underlying Hypacanthoplites jacobi ammonite 

Zone can only be determined in the northwest 

German sections, all of which are ephemeral 

clay pits. Thus, the definition of the base of the 

Albian on these criteria cannot be used in a 

global context. The positioning of the boundary 

has been the subject of intense discussion in the 

last years. After the second International Symposium 

on Cretaceous Stage Boundaries in 1995 

(Bull. Inst. R. Sci. Nat. Belgique, Sci. Terre 66 

(1996) 45). (Cret. Res. 20 (1999) 609) lowered 

the boundary to the base of his Hypacanthoplites 

rubricosus ammonite Subzone without describing 

a global boundary stratotype section. (Cret. 

Res. 21 (2000) 591) raised the boundary to the 

alleged first occurrence (FO) of Leymeriella 

tardefurcata in a permanent section, but neither 

proposals can be accepted globally (Cret. Res. 

23 (2002) 1). (Cret. Res. 22 (2001) 677) supported 

by (Cret. Res. 23 (2002) 1), suggested a 

radical solution by raising the boundary to the 

base of the geographically widespread Lyelliceras 

lyelli ammonite Subzone, currently the 

base of the Middle Albian. 

In order to document accurately the classical 

northwest German succession of the Aptian/Albian 

boundary, a detailed multidisciplinary 

study has been made of a new section at 

Vöhrum (clay pit no. 4) with respect to its con- 

142

tent of calcareous nannofossils, benthic foraminifera, 

planktonic foraminifera, ostracods, 

ammonites, as well as its clay mineralogy, 

gamma ray signature and tuff geochemistry. The 

ammonite succession, in particular the Callizoniceras–Leymeriella 

lineage, is discussed in 

detail. The FO of Leymeriella (Proleymeriella) 

schrammeni anterior, 0.65 m below a tuff horizon 

near the base of the section is taken as the 

Aptian/Albian boundary in the classical German 

sense. Sections in France are discussed and the 

Leymeriella lineage is reviewed. 

2006040544 

西班牙北部阿拉瓦白垩纪琥珀中的 

empheriids( 啮虫目 :Empheriidae) 新属种 = 

New genera and species of empheriids (Psocoptera: 

Empheriidae) from the Cretaceous amber of 

Alava, northern Spain. ( 英文 ). Baz A; Ortuño V 

M. Cretaceous Research, 2001, 22(5): 575-584 

Fossil Psocoptera belonging to the family 

Empheriidae preserved in the Cretaceous amber 

of Alava, northern Spain, comprise three new 

species belonging to two new genera. These are 

described and illustrated as Empheropsocus arilloi 

gen. et sp. nov., Empheropsocus margineglabrus 

sp. nov. and Preempheria antiqua gen. et sp. 

nov. The relationships between Cretaceous and 

Oligocene (Baltic amber) Empheriidae are discussed. 

Diagnostic characters for the family Empheriidae 

are provided and compared with those 

of the most closely related families within the 

Atropetae. A key for the identification of the 

species of Empheriidae is included. 

2006040545 

英格兰伊斯特本塞诺曼期 - 土伦期之交的古环 

境 = Palaeoenvironment of the Cenomanian– 

Turonian transition at Eastbourne, England. ( 英 

文 ). Keller G; Han Q;Adatte T; Burns S J. Cretaceous 

Research, 2001, 22(4): 391-422 

Lithology, stable isotopes and planktic foraminiferal 

analyses of the Eastbourne section at 

Gun Gardens (southeast England) reflect sealevel 

fluctuations and changing climatic and 

oceanographic conditions across the Cenomanian–Turonian 

transition. The δ 13 C excursion 

began with a 1.8‰ positive shift in Plenus Marls 

Beds 1–3 (R. cushmani Zone), a trough in Bed 

4, a second δ 13 C shift of 0.8‰ in Bed 7 and a 

gradually decreasing plateau during deposition 

of the Ballard Cliff Member. Lithological variations, 

sharp erosion surfaces, bioturbation and 

increased detrital influx indicate that sea-level 

fluctuations, cooling and a marine regression 

accompanied the δ 13 C excursion within the 

Plenus Marls, followed by warming and a major 

marine transgression in the upper part of the 

Plenus Marls and Ballard Cliff Member. Two 

faunal turnover phases coincided with the twophased 

δ 13 C excursion. Phase I in Bed 3 is 

marked by the extinction of the deeper dwelling 

planktic foraminifer Rotalipora, the origination 

of the thermocline dweller Dicarinella, dominance 

of the low oxygen tolerant Heterohelix 

species, and common surface dwellers Guembelitria 

and Whiteinella. This faunal turnover reflects 

a lower sea level, enhanced productivity 

and temporary expansion of the oxygen minimum 

zone associated with climate cooling and 

increased upwelling. Phase II near the top of the 

Plenus Marls (Beds 7–8) is marked by the temporary 

disappearance of about 50% of the species, 

increased abundance of surface dwellers 

and a shift to dominance of low-oxygen tolerant 

Heterohelix species globally. This faunal turnover 

may reflect increased primary productivity 

and a long-term expansion of the oxygen minimum 

zone associated with climate warming and 

a marine transgression. Faunal turnover phase II 

stratigraphically correlates with the global oceanic 

anoxic event in Italy (Bonarelli Level) and 

Tunisia (Bahloul Formation), whereas phase I 

correlates with the onset of organic-rich facies in 

the upper R. cushmani Zone of these regions. 

High resolution biostratigraphic correlation is 

based on planktic foraminifera and the subdivision 

of Whiteinella archeocretacea Zone into 

three subzones. 

2006040546 

埃及西奈塞诺曼阶 - 桑托阶岩石地层学和生物 

地层学 = Lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy 

of the Cenomanian–Santonian strata of Sinai, 

Egypt. ( 英文 ). Bauer J; Marzouk A M; Steuber 

T; Kuss J. Cretaceous Research, 2001, 22(4): 

497-526 

The Cenomanian–Santonian successions of 

Sinai mainly consist of inner-shelf siliciclastics 

and carbonates. Five formations (Halal, Raha, 

Abu Qada, Wata, Matulla) have been recognized 

and a multibiostratigraphic framework has been 

constructed. The biostratigraphic assignments of 

the formations are mainly based on calcareous 

nannofossils. Their semiquantitative distribution 

within nine sections is presented, enabling us to 

identify the biozones CC 10–CC 16 in some 

cases. Ammonites are abundant in the uppermost 

Lower Turonian Mammites nodosoides Zone 

only. Planktic foraminifera of the Coniacian– 

Santonian Dicarinella concavata and D. asymetrica 

zones have been found. In addition to these 

groups, ostracods are used to differentiate between 

the stages supplemented by data in the 

literature on benthic foraminifera and rudists. 

Some modifications of previous lithostratigraphic 

schemes are proposed for the sections 

studied: from the ammonite data, a hiatus is pro- 

143

posed between the Halal/Raha and Abu Qada 

formations (Cenomanian/Turonian boundary); 

the Abu Qada Formation is considered to range 

from the M. nodosoides Zone to the lowermost 

Upper Turonian; and the base of the Matulla 

Formation is uppermost Turonian (CC 13). A 

combined lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic 

correlation of ten sections along a N-S transect 

allows the differentiation of eleven stratigraphic 

units. Units 1 – 8 within the Cenomanian – 

Turonian Halal, Raha, Abu Qada and Wata formations 

are considered to be synchronous. In 

contrast, ‘Syrian Arc’ tectonics most probably 

led to diachronous deposition of units 9–11 

within the Coniacian–Santonian Matulla Formation. 

2006040547 

试论造山带层序地层的类型、特点和控制因 

素 — 以东昆仑三叠系为例 = The orogenic sequence 

stratigraphic types and their controlling 

factor taking the triassic of eastern Kunlun as 

example. ( 中文 ). 蔡雄飞 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 

30(2): 131-135 

造山带地区的层序地层往往被视为禁区 , 

以东昆仑三叠系为例 , 认为造山带除核部 

外 , 远离造山带核部地区基本具备了开展层 

序地层研究的条件 , 但造山带层序地层与克 

拉通相比具显著的不同 :1) 体系域的不完 

整 ;2) 凝缩段常常缺乏 ;3) 造山带海平面 

变化特征自始至终呈现剧烈的跳跃式。因而 

控制造山带海平面变化和层序地层的并不是 

全球海平面变化 , 而是区域构造作用和物源 

控制。从而对造山带层序地层不能套用稳定 

地区的层序地层模式 , 而需要从自身特征出 

发 , 因地制宜 , 建立起不同构造环境控制下 

的海平面变化模式。 

2006040548 

贵州紫云四大寨早三叠世地层初步研究 = A 

preliminary study on the Lower Triassic strata of 

Sidazhai, Ziyun, Guizhou Province. ( 中文 ). 胡 

艳霞 ; 徐东来 ; 童金南 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 

177-182 2 图版 . 

贵州紫云四大寨剖面下三叠统发育较齐 

全 , 化石较丰富。在此剖面上发现了大量牙 

形石、双壳类、菊石等生物化石 , 其中牙形 

石在该剖面上为首次发现 , 并识别出了早三 

叠世 Neospathodus dieneri 带、Neospathodus 

cristagalli 带、Neospathodus waageni 带和 

Neospathodus homeri—Neospathodus triangularis 

带的重要牙形石分子或带化石 , 可与国 

际同期地层中相应的牙形石化石带进行较好 

的对比 , 同时还发现了 Claraia griesbachi— 

C . concentrica 组合和 Claraia stachei — 

Claraia aurita 组合带的双壳类代表性分子。 

通过对这些化石综合分析 , 大致拟定了本剖 

面下三叠统格里斯巴赫亚阶 (Gries 

baehian)、亭纳尔亚阶 (Dienerian)、斯密 

斯亚阶 (Smithian ) 和斯派斯亚阶 

(Spathian) 的年代地层单位界线。 

2006040549 

西藏定日贡扎上白垩统锶同位素曲线及年代 

地层划分 = Strontium isotopic curve of the upper 

Cretaceous form Dingri, Tibet, and the 

chronostratigraphic division. ( 中文 ). 石和 ; 黄思 

静 ; 孙治雷 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(1): 21-25 

根据从西藏定日贡扎上白垩统剖面中未经 

蚀变的海相碳酸盐样品中获得的 50 个锶同位 

素测试数据建立了对应于地层厚度的锶同位 

素演化曲线 , 与 W.H.Burke 等 (1982) 对 

应于地质年代建立的锶同位素曲线的同时代 

部分进行了对比 , 两条曲线极为相似 , 显示 

了地质历史中古海洋中的锶同位素组成具有 

全球一致的演化规律 , 为定日贡扎上白垩统 

剖面的年代地层划分提供了依据 , 同时还讨 

论了定日贡扎地区晚白垩世地层划分对比中 

的一些问题。 

2006040550 

内蒙古扎赉特旗德发屯地区下三叠统老龙头 

组的新发现 = A new knowledge of the Lower 

Triassic Laolongtou Formation in the Defatun 

area, Jalaid qi, Inner Mongolia. ( 中文 ). 张武 ; 傅 

晓平 ; 丁秋红 ; 李楠 ; 李勇 ; 郑少林 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2006, 30(1): 26-33 

扎赉特旗德发屯地区的木化石原定为 

Phoroxylon multiforium Zheng&Zhang, 现修 

订为 Scalaroxylon multiforium ( Zheng & 

Zhang ) Zhang & Zheng comb . nov ., 

Scalaroxylon 迄今仅见于德国南部的晚三叠世 

沉积中。根据区域地层对比 , 含木化石的地 

层是一套红杂色陆相沉积 , 其地层层序、岩 

性、岩相特征与邻区的下三叠统老龙头组完 

全可以进行对比 , 含木化石的地层层位应为 

下三叠统老龙头组 , 而不是 “ 上侏罗统 ” 大 

磨拐河组。根据这一研究结果 , 对大兴安岭 

中部地区的下三叠统老龙头组及哈达陶勒盖 

组进行了较详细的讨论和对比。 

2006040551 

赣闽粤地区早、中侏罗世构造地层研究 = 

Sudy of the Eerly-Middle Jurassic tectonostratigraphy 

in the Jiangxi-Fujian-Guangdong 

region, se China. ( 中文 ). 王彬 ; 舒良树 ; 杨振宇 . 

地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(1): 42-49 

对中国东南部浙闽赣湘粤地区侏罗纪以来 

的沉积地层和赣闽粤一带的早侏罗世 — 中侏 

144

罗世的地层特征和沉积规律进行了研究 , 结 

果表明 :1) 晚三叠世 — 早侏罗世时赣闽粤地 

区为东南高西北低的古地理格局 , 沉积环境 

差异明显 ;2) 中侏罗世时受古太平洋板块在 

日本一带俯冲作用的影响 , 中国东南部发生 

了构造转换 , 构造格局发生了明显变动 , 以 

再一次的挤压隆升和山前快速堆积为特征 , 

并使区域地层和构造格局从原先的近东西方 

向展布变成北东方向 , 尤以南岭东段的武夷 

山西部表现最明显 , 使早侏罗世的山地范围 

朝西北方向扩展 , 但是在南岭地区的闽西 — 

赣南 — 粤北一带则以陆内裂谷和双峰式火山 

作用为特征 , 其成因可能与其深部动力学背 

景密切相关 ;3) 从中侏罗世开始 , 在古太平 

洋板块强烈俯冲作用下 , 研究区逐步发生了 

从古亚洲 — 特提斯构造体制向古太平洋构造 

体制的转换 , 早白垩世已经完成这一构造转 

换 , 原先的近东西向构造域已经基本被北东 

向构造域所取代。中侏罗世是构造体制转换 

的重要时期 , 转换位置可能在南岭东段。 

2006040552 

试论浙东不同盆地塘上组的层位及时代 = 

Age of the Tangshang Formation in different 

basins of eastern Zhejiang. ( 中文 ). 卢成忠 ; 顾明 

光 ; 俞云文 ; 梁河 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(1): 81- 

86 

详细的地质调查和剖面研究 , 证实了浙东 

不同盆地原划分的塘上组并非都为同一层 

位。天台、丽水及缙云壶镇、舒洪盆地原划 

分的塘上组均整覆于馆头组沉积岩之上 , 其 

上为两头塘组整覆 , 层位大致与馆头组上部 

相当 , 为下白垩统。小雄盆地上部原称塘上 

组的一套火山岩 , 其岩石组合、地层层序、 

生物化石组合和同位素年龄等与浙东其他盆 

地原划分的塘上组均不相同 , 成岩时代在 

81.5 — 92.9Ma , 产晚白垩世翼龙和鸟类化 

石 , 覆于永康群朝川组之上 , 其层位大致与 

永康群方岩组和天台群赤城山组相当 , 时代 

为晚白垩世。 

2006040553 

川西前陆盆地须家河期高分辨率层序格架与 

古地理演化 = The framework of the highresolution 

sequence and the paleogeographic 

evolution of the Xujiahe Formation in the West 

Sichuan Foreland Basin. ( 中文 ). 叶黎明 ; 陈洪德 ; 

胡晓强 ; 姜平 ; 林良彪 ; 李国新 ; 彭海燕 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2006, 30(1): 87-94 1 图版 . 

结合钻井岩心、测井、野外露头等地质资 

料以及前人的研究成果 , 对川西前陆盆地须 

家河期的沉积特征及古地理演化进行详细研 

究 , 依据高分辨率层序地层学理论 , 建立了 

层序地层格架 , 将川西前陆盆地须家河期划 

分为 2 个超长期 (SLSC 1 —SLSC 2 )、3 个长 

期 (LSC 1 — LSC 2 )、5 个中期 (MSC 1 — 

MSC 5 ) 和数十个短期旋回层序。它们在高分 

辨率层序格架中的岩相古地理特征及演化 

为 :LSC 1 期为川西前陆盆地形成初期 , 地层 

以海相 — 海陆过渡相沉积为主 ;LSC 2 期为湖 

泛期 , 同时随着龙门山岛链的逐渐闭合 , 主 

要发育湖相 — 三角洲相沉积 ;LSC 2 期为湖盆 

衰退期 , 此时龙门山岛链已完全闭合 , 以湖 

相和三角洲相沉积为主。 

2006040554 

委内瑞拉东部白垩纪孢粉学和层序地层学 = 

Palynology and sequence stratigraphy of the 

Cretaceous of eastern Venezuela. ( 英文 ). Helenes 

J; Somoza D. Cretaceous Research, 1999, 

20(4): 447-463 

From Jurassic to Tertiary times, northeastern 

Venezuela represented the continental shelf of a 

tectonically passive margin. A dominantly marine 

Cretaceous sedimentary section, within an 

overthrusted allochthonous block and with a 

maximum thickness of 3658 m, is found in the 

subsurface in this area. Palynomorph recovery 

from these strata, together with planktonic foraminifera 

and calcareous nannofossils, indicate 

an age-range from at least Aptian to Maastrichtian. 

The palynological assemblages observed 

exhibit changes with time and environments, 

which are here related to the sedimentary 

evolution. Integrated analyses of palynology, 

lithology, and well logs are the basis for the reconstruction 

of the sedimentary evolution in the 

area. The oldest marine sediments in this section 

correspond to the uppermost part of the Lower 

Zuni Megacycle and contain a maximum flooding 

surface correlative with that dated at 111 Ma. 

The rest of the sequence represents a major 

transgressive-regressive cycle (Upper Zuni) and 

contains seven sequences correlative with global 

eustatic cycles. The Turonian transgression 

dated at 91.5 Ma is the most important marine 

transgression in the entire section and is recognizable 

in all sections studied, while the Maastrichtian-Paleocene 

boundary dated at 68 Ma is 

not always clearly recognizable. 

2006040555 

墨西哥 Sonora 地区 Bisbee 群下白垩统地层 

及珊瑚 = Lower Cretaceous corals and stratigraphy 

of the Bisbee Group (Cerro de Oro and 

Lampazos areas), Sonora, Mexico. ( 英文 ). 

Baron-Szabo R C; González-León C M. Cretaceous 

Research, 1999, 20(4): 465-497 

145

Stratigraphic sections of the Bisbee Group in 

northwestern Mexico have been studied. Several 

lithostratigraphic units from the Cerro de Oro 

and Lampazos areas, characterized by mainly 

carbonate/clastic shallow water sequences, are 

discussed in this paper. In the Lampazos area 

these sediments are grouped into the Agua Salada, 

Lampazos, Espinazo del Diablo, and Nogal 

Formations. In the Lower Cretaceous sections of 

the Cerro de Oro area, the Cerro de Oro, Morita, 

and Cintura Formations, as well as the Mural 

Limestone are distinguished. Scleractinian corals 

are reported from Upper Barremian to Middle 

Albian reefal limestone intervals within the 

Cerro de Oro, Espinazo del Diablo and Nogal 

Formations, and within sequences of the Mural 

Limestone. They comprise 32 genera belonging 

to seven suborders. Six new species are described: 

Columastrea paucipaliformis n. sp., 

Columnocoenia minima n. sp., Keriophyllia roniewiczae 

n. sp., Cladophyllia mexicana n. sp., 

Pleurostylina major n. sp., and Stiboriopsis sonoraensis 

n. sp. 

2006040556 

德国西北部巴列姆阶 - 阿普特阶时限 : 综述 = 

The Barremian–Aptian interval in NW Germany: 

A review. ( 英文 ). Mutterlose J; Böckel B. 


A multidisciplinary research group has studied 

marine sediments of Barremian–early Aptian 

age in NW Germany. Disciplines and aspects 

involved include sedimentology, palaeogeography, 

calcareous nannofossils, calcispheres, palynomorphs, 

mineralogy, and organic and inorganic 

geochemistry. The objectives of this multidisciplinary 

study were to test the interaction of 

biota and sediments during this critical interval 

and to evaluate regional and global processes 

which may have caused the deposition of Barremian 

and early Aptian muds in NW Germany, 

now preserved as black shales. 

Both biota and sediments show similar trends 

throughout the Barremian and lowermost Aptian. 

Endemic evolution of marine biota (calcareous 

nannofossils, foraminifera, belemnites and ammonities) 

coincides with the deposition of black 

clays and laminated sediments in the Barremian. 

These patterns reflect restricted conditions in a 

marginal epicontinental sea. The laminated 

sediments of the Barremian and earliest Aptian, 

which are rich in C org , were deposited under anoxic 

conditions. Palaeotological and geochemical 

data indicate a major oceanographic change 

well before the deposition of the final laminated 

horizon, the Fischschiefer (early Aptian,Deshayesites 

deshayesiZone). A turnover of 

planktonic and nektonic organisms from endemic 

associations to homogenous cosmopolitan 

forms occurred in earliest Aptian times. 

The Barremian laminated sediments are believed 

to have been caused by a thermally induced stable 

water stratification. The early Aptian 

Fishschiefer is interpreted as an anoxic sediment 

of a stagnant environment, having been caused 

by a slight reduction in the salinity of surface 

waters. Despite the stratigraphic correlation of 

the Fischschiefer with the global ‘Ocean Anoxic 

Event 1a’ (OAE1a), we believe that the 

deposition of the Fischschiefer was controlled by 

regional factors. 

2006040557 

Sierra Espuña 地区 ( 西班牙东南部 , 内 Betic 

带 )Malaguide 复合岩体的侏罗系生物地层学 

及古环境演化 = Jurassic biostratigraphy and 

paleoenvironmental evolution of the Malaguide 

complex from Sierra Espuña (Internal Betic 

Zone, SE Spain). ( 英文 ). Caracuel J E; Sandoval 

J; Martín-Martín M; Estévez-Rubio A; Martín- 

Rojas I. Geobios, 2006, 39(1): 25-42 

Jurassic studies in the Internal Zones of the 

Betic Cordillera are scarce since this zone is 

composed mainly of pre-Jurassic metamorphic 

rocks. Only the “Dorsal” and the Malaguide 

domains include fossiliferous Jurassic successions, 

as in Sierra Espuña (SE Spain), which is 

one of the bigger and well-exposed Jurassic outcrops 

of the Internal Zones. Collected Ammonite 

assemblages update and improve the precision of 

previous biostratigraphic data by the recognition 

of: the Domerian (= Upper Pliensbachian, in the 

Mediterranean Domain) Lavinianum (Cornacaldense 

Subzone), Algovianum (Ragazzoni, 

Bertrandi, Accuratum and Levidorsatum Subzones) 

and Emaciatum (Solare and Elisa Subzones) 

Zones; the Lower Toarcian Polymorphum 

and Serpentinum Zones; the Middle Toarcian, 

Bifrons and Gradata Zone; the Upper Toarcian 

Reynesi Zone; the Lower/Upper Bajocian, the 

Lower Callovian Bullatus and Gracilis Zones; 

the Middle/Upper Oxfordian Transversarium, 

Bifurcatus, Bimammatum and Planula Zones; 

and the Lower and Upper Kimmeridgian 

Platynota, Strombecki, Divisum and Beckeri 

Zones. 

The paleoenvironmental evolution of the 

Malaguide Jurassic at Sierra Espuña shows similarities 

with other Mediterranean Tethyan paleomargins. 

The biostratigraphic precision along 

with the litho- and biofacies analyses has enabled 

the interpretation that the Malaguide paleomargin 

evolved as a passive margin, developing 

shallow carbonate platforms, until the 

Domerian (Lavinianum Zone). Then, the platform 

broke up (Domerian, Lavinianum Zone– 

Upper Toarcian, Reynesi Zone) with the beginning 

of the rifting stage, beginning the development 

of horst–graben systems and the coeval 

146

drowning of the area. This stage ended in the 

upper Lower Callovian (Gracilis Zone) to the 

Middle Oxfordian (Transversarium Zone) interval, 

starting the drifting stage, which accentuated 

the horst–graben systems, leading to the deposition 

of condensed nodular limestones in the 

raised sea bottom. 

2006040558 

准噶尔盆地石南地区侏罗系 - 白垩系间风化壳 

的发现及其地层学意义 = Discovery of a 

weathering crust between Jurassic and Cretaceous 

and Its stratigraphic significance in the 

Shinan area of the Junggar Basin. ( 中文 ). 谢寅 

符 ; 李洪奇 ; 孙中春 . 地质论评 , 2006, 52(1): 137- 

144 

本文综合利用测井、录井、钻井等多种井 

资料 , 对准噶尔盆地腹部石南地区引起争议 

的 “ 杂色泥岩 ” 的古生物群化石组合特征 , 

粘土矿物特征 , 岩性、电性特征等进行了研 

究。通过孢粉组合的时代对比和粘土矿物分 

析 , 证明了 “ 杂色泥岩 ” 是一个区域风化 

壳 , 确定了白垩系与侏罗系的界线以及 “ 杂 

色泥岩 ” 的原始沉积时代 , 并且通过岩性、 

电性特征对该风化壳的结构进行了研究。研 

究表明 : 该风化壳平面上具有分带结构 , 垂 

向上具有分段结构 , 各段的测井响应特征明 

显 ;“ 杂色泥岩 ” 的原始沉积属于侏罗系西 

山窑组 , 石南地区普遍缺失头屯河组 ;“ 杂 

色泥岩 ” 上覆的白垩系清水河组为超覆 , 下 

伏的侏罗系西山窑组被削截。据此 , 对该地 

区白垩系与侏罗系 (K/J)、侏罗系头屯河 

组与西山窑组 (J 2 t/J 2 x) 地层界线进行了重新 

划分 , 建立了新的分层方案。 

2006040559 

希腊西部 hellenides 爱奥尼亚地区的白垩纪 

地层 = Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Ionian 

Zone, Hellenides, western Greece. ( 英文 ). 

Skourtsis-Coroneou V; Solakius N; Constantinidis 

I. Cretaceous Research, 1995, 16(5): 539- 

558 

The Cretaceous sedimentary successions of 

the Ionian Zone, Hellenides, western Greece, are 

composed of pelagic limestones intercalated 

with cherty layers. The micritic and biomicritic 

beds with abundant chert nodules and cherty 

horizons, which were deposited during late 

Tithonian to early Santonian times, belong to the 

Vigla Limestone Formation, while the sediments 

deposited during the late Santonian to Maastrichtian, 

formed clastic limestone beds in which 

chert nodules also occur sparsely. 

In the Cretaceous beds calpionellids, planktonic 

and benthonic foraminifera characteristics 

of the Tethyan realm, and radiolaria have been 

recorded. The calpionellids, together with radiolaria, 

colonized the entire basin during the Berriasian 

to early Valanginian, the latter becoming 

dominant during the Hauterivian to early Albian 

as a result of anoxia. Planktonic foraminifera 

first appeared in the basin during the late Albian 

and persisted until the Maastrichtian. The numbers 

decreased, however, during the Cenomanian-early 

Turonian interval, when radiolaria 

increased owing to anoxic conditions, and during 

the Campanian-Maastrichtian interval because 

the basin became shallow. During this interval 

larger benthonic foraminifera colonized the basin. 

Zonal markers have been recognized in calpionellid 

and planktonic foraminiferal assemblages 

on the basis of which two calpionellid 

zones are distinguished, viz. the Calpionella 

alpina and Calpionellopsis Zones (Berriasianearly 

Valanginian) along with seven planktonic 

foraminiferal zones, viz. the Rotalipora ticinensis, 

Rotalipora appenninica (late Albian), Rotalipora 

brotzeni (early Cenomanian), Helvetoglobotruncana 

helvetica (early to middle Turonian), 

Marginotruncana sigali(late Turonian to 

early Coniacian), Dicarinella concavata (late 

Coniacian to early Santonian) and Dicarinella 

asymetrica (late early-late Santonian) Zones. 

The anoxic conditions that prevailed in the 

Ionian basin during the Barremian-early Albian, 

Cenomanian-early Turonian and Coniacian- 

Santonian intervals probably arose as a result of 

(a) the accumulation of large amounts of organic 

matter because the palaeotopography of the basin 

periodically hindered the circulation of water 

from the ocean and (b) the oxygen content of the 

intruding oceanic waters was low. 

2006040560 

Placerias 采石场 (Chinlez 组 : 晚三叠世 , 亚 

利桑那 ) 的埋葬学和沉积环境分析 = Taphonomy 

and depositional setting of the Placerias 

Quarry (Chinle Formation: Late Triassic, Arizona). 

( 英文 ). Fiorillo A R; Padian K; Musikasinthorn 

C. Palaios, 2000, 15(5): 373–386 

The Placerias Quarry of northeastern Arizona 

is one of the most diverse Triassic vertebrate 

fossil localities in the world. Several longstanding 

hypotheses are tested about depositional 

environment, paleoecology, and thanatocoenotic 

influences. Sedimentological features 

indicate a low-energy depositional environment. 

Bones are associated mostly with mudstones and 

a layer that contains numerous carbonate nodules. 

Thin-sections and field characteristics reflect 

that this nodule zone is pedogenic in origin. 

Taphonomic data show that the bones were not 

transported into the site by fluvial processes. The 

frequency of modification features is minimal 

and there is little evidence of postmortem alteration 

of the bones from prolonged exposure, 

trampling, or predation. 

147

Element survivorship curves were generated 

for the five most abundant taxa in the quarry. 

Curves for left and right elements tracked each 

other closely, but no pattern of preservation of 

cranial and postcranial elements was evident 

either within or among taxa. No clear signal was 

provided by either size or hydrodynamic potential 

of the elements. Because the same elements 

were not preserved preferentially among the best 

represented taxa, there is no systematic bias of 

preservation or removal by predators, though it 

cannot be eliminated, and taphonomic evidence 

provides no reason to suspect stream transport as 

a preservational bias. It is proposed as a general 

guide for assessing the relative completeness of 

preservation of an assemblage that the convexity 

of the element survivorship curve is proportional 

to the representation of the original death assemblage 

in the fossil assemblage. Thus, it provides 

increasing confidence in the assessment of the 

numbers of individuals actually represented. 

Sedimentologic and taphonomic data indicate 

that the Placerias Quarry was a site of bone accumulation 

in a soil with a high water table. The 

causes of death for the animals remain largely 

unknown, but recently proposed climatic models 

for the Chinle Formation are consistent with the 

hypothesis that seasonal droughts may have 

caused mortality events like this one. 

2006040561 

白垩纪 - 第三纪界线碳同位素漂移 : 陆相沉积 

物的证据 = Carbon isotope excursion in atmospheric 

CO2 at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary: 

evidence from terrestrial sediments. ( 英文 ). 

Arens N C; Jahren A H. Palaios, 2000, 15(4): 

314–322 

A −1.5‰ to −2‰ carbon isotope excursion 

immediately above the clay layer that defines the 

Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary has been 

reported in marine sediments world wide. This 

paper reports a similar −1.5‰ to −2.8‰ carbon 

isotope excursion recorded by C3 land plants 

from three temporally-controlled, stratigraphically-constrained 

terrestrial sections in the Western 

Interior of North America (Garfield County, 

Montana, and Slope County, North Dakota). 

Carbon isotope measurements of bulk sedimentary 

organic carbon were well-correlated with 

those of isolated plant cuticle, suggesting that 

the terrestrial organic carbon signature in these 

sediments parallels that of plant cuticle. Carbon 

isotope signatures were also independent of rock 

type and depositional environment, showing that 

the carbon isotope signature of plants, although 

altered, is not biased taphonomically. Because 

the signature in terrestrial facies records the isotope 

composition of paleoatmospheric CO 2 , this 

record—combined with that from marine sections—offers 

additional insight into changes in 

carbon cycling underlying the K/T negative carbon 

isotope excursion. For example, radiometric 

age determinations from the Hell Creek Road 

locality in Montana bracket the atmospheric carbon 

isotopic recovery between 65.00 ± 0.05 Ma 

and 65.16 ± 0.04 Ma. This reflects a more rapid 

recovery for the terrestrial biosphere than for 

that of the marine realm, perhaps due to lower 

extinction rates in land plants than in marine 

primary producers. 

2006040562 

再论塔里木盆地库车坳陷三叠纪 - 侏罗纪的海 

泛事件 = Rediscussion on the sea-slooding 

events during Triassic to Jurassic of Kuqa depression 

in Tarim Basin. ( 中文 ). 张宝民 ; 陈建平 ; 

边立曾 ; 张水昌 . 地质学报 , 2006, 80(2): 236- 

244 

多年来的油气源对比表明 , 塔里木盆地库 

车坳陷的油气来源于三叠系 - 侏罗系的湖相、 

湖沼相烃源岩 , 因而探讨三叠纪 - 侏罗纪湖盆 

曾否遭受过特提斯洋海水的海泛 , 不仅对古 

地理重建 , 而且对烃源岩及其生油气潜力评 

价都具有重要的意义。笔者在该坳陷三叠系 - 

侏罗系湖相烃源岩的生烃母质中发现了大量 

的各类底栖宏观藻类化石 , 并获得了沉积地 

球化学证据。据此 , 并结合区域古构造 - 古地 

貌演变与全球、大区域海平面升降规律的综 

合判断 , 初步认为库车坳陷在三叠纪 - 侏罗纪 

曾多次受到过特提斯洋短暂海泛的影响 , 其 

中规模最大的是晚三叠世黄山街期晚期、早 

侏罗世阳霞期晚期和中侏罗世恰克马克期。 

海泛的原因 , 可能与特提斯洋海平面升高和 

库车坳陷湖盆区 - 陆源区地势缓坦的联合作用 

有关。由于海泛改善了生烃母质类型 , 从而 

使海泛层段的源岩氢指数等表征生烃能力的 

指标有一定提高。 

2006040563 

柴达木盆地北缘侏罗纪古生态特征及其古地 

理意义 = Palaeoecological characteristics and 

its palaeogeographic significance of the Jurassic 

in northern margin of Qaidam Basin. ( 中文 ). 杨 

平 ; 谢宗奎 ; 袁秀君 ; 朱思俊 ; 易德彬 . 古地理学 

报 , 2006, 8(2): 165-173 

根据多门类化石古生态和岩相、沉积构造 

等资料 , 分析了柴达木盆地北缘侏罗纪的古 

气候和沉积环境。介形类、轮藻、叶肢介、 

双壳类和植物等化石在地层中的产出特征反 

映了当时以湖沼及滨浅湖为主的沉积环境 , 

广泛分布的植物及孢粉化石组合面貌的变化 

揭示出盆地北缘早、中侏罗世为热带 - 亚热带 

温湿气候 , 早侏罗世晚期和中侏罗世晚期古 

气候两度明显干热化。陆生植物与湖沼相动 

148

物化石的交替出现 , 反映了盆地北缘侏罗纪 

湖泊、沼泽与低山相间分布的古地理面貌。 

早侏罗世湖泊多期发育但规模较小 , 中侏罗 

世中晚期湖泊规模最大。 

2006040564 

羌塘才玛尔错晚三叠世地层的厘定及其意义 

= Determination of Triassic strata of Caimarcuo, 

Qiangtang Grassland and its significance. ( 中文 ). 

熊兴国 ; 徐安全 ; 岳龙 ; 朱勋 ; 易成兴 . 贵州地 

质 , 2006, 23(1): 29-31;43 

布露于藏北羌塘才玛尔错一带的一套碳酸 

盐岩夹碎屑岩 , 对其时代归属由于缺乏可靠的 

古生物化石 , 一直颇有争议 . 通过对此套地层详 

细的剖面研究表明其时代属晚三叠世 , 其沉积 

环境为斜坡 - 盆地 , 与区域同时代台型沉积的肖 

荼卡组、日干配错组沉积环境有明显的差异 . 

此套地层时代厘定为研究羌塘地块地质构造 

演化提供了重要的基础地质资料 . 

2006040565 

藏南亚东县帕里地区晚更新世 - 全新世湖相地 

层特征及古湖泊演化 = Late Pleistocene- 

Holocene lacustrine deposits and paleolake evolution 

in the Pagri area, Yadong County, southern 

Tibet, China. ( 中文 ). 刘文灿 ; 周志广 ; 高德 

臻 ; 万晓樵 ; 赵兴国 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(6): 708- 

714 

藏南帕里地区发育有 2 级湖积阶地 , 前人 

对其 Ⅱ 级湖积阶地的形成时代存在争议。热 

释光测年结果表明 , 湖积 Ⅱ 级阶地形成于 89- 

58kaBP,Ⅰ 级阶地形成于约 4kaBP。根据湖 

相地层的分布、沉积物特征和测年结果。将 

帕里地区湖泊发育划分为帕里湖期 (89- 

58kaBP)、外流湖期 (23-10kaBP) 和多庆错 

湖期 (10-2.5kaBP)3 个演化阶段。Ⅱ 级湖积 

阶地对应于帕里湖期发育阶段 ; 外流湖期发 

育于末次冰期晚冰阶 , 以冰碛为主要特征 , 

此时喜马拉雅山主脊带分水岭北移至现今荡 

拉山的位置 ; 多庆错湖期形成了大型冲积扇 

(5.7-5.15kaBP) 和湖积 Ⅰ 级阶地 , 湖面面 

积大幅度萎缩。2.5kaBP 后藏南局部地区开始 

沙化。帕里地区湖体减少。呈现今天的面 

貌。 

2006040566 

论中国陆相侏罗系 — 白垩系界线 = On the 

terrestrial Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary in 

China. ( 中文 ). 季强 ; 柳永清 ; 姬书安 ; 陈文 ; 吕君 

昌 ; 尤海鲁 ; 袁崇喜 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(3): 336- 

339 

介绍了中国学者近几年在陆相侏罗系 — 白 

垩系界线研究领域的最新成果 , 讨论了陆相 

侏罗系一白垩系界线研究的原则和方法 , 指 

出了目前工作中存在的问题 , 初步认为在建 

立中国陆相中生界区域年代系统时要特别注 

意系、统的界线必须与国际接轨 , 时间上应 

与国际系、统界线相一致。如果国际地质科 

学联合会和国际地层委员会最终采用 135Ma 

作为国际侏罗系 — 白垩系界线的年龄值 , 那 

么冀北 — 辽西地区陆相侏罗系 — 白垩系界线 

推测应在张家口组底部 , 与区域不整合面相 

一致 , 表明热河生物群的时代肯定为早白垩 

世。如果国际侏罗系 — 白垩系界线的年龄值 

将来确定为 145Ma, 那么冀北 — 辽西地区陆 

相侏罗系 — 白垩系界线推测位于土城子组的 

上部 , 意味着冀北地区缺失凡兰吟阶的地 

层 , 辽西地区可能缺失凡兰吟阶和欧特里沃 

阶的地层。 

新生界 

2006040567 

中国黄土高原西部距今 4000 年来的气候变化 

和文化响应 = Climate change and cultural response 

around 4000 cal yr B.P. in the western 

part of Chinese Loess Plateau. ( 英文 ). An C B; 

Tang L Y; Barton L; Chen F H. Quaternary Research, 

2005, 63(3): 347-352 

New data suggest that dramatic environmental 

change in the Western Loess Plateau of China 

corresponded with substantial changes in human 

demography ca. 4000 cal yr B.P. These data 

demonstrate that a rapid climatic transition from 

wet to dry led to an ecologically devastated period 

between 4090 and 3600 cal yr B.P. The 

sudden reduction in the number of archaeological 

sites during this period, namely a reduction 

in the total number of sites and a contraction of 

the areal distribution of sites, points to declining 

agricultural productivity associated with widespread 

aridification beginning at 4000 cal yr B.P. 

2006040568 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯西南部晚新生代哺乳 

动物生物年代地层研究 = Late Cenozoic 

mammal bio-chronostratigraphy in southwestern 

Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. ( 英文 ). 

Deschamps C M. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(4): 

733-750 

Fossil land mammals from ten localities of 

southern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina were 

studied. A new stratigraphic pattern based on 

materials with reliable stratigraphic provenance 

is proposed and compared to that of the centraleast 

of the Pampean region. Correlation of fauna 

and calibration to the time scale suggest that the 

interval represented in the study area encompasses 

from the Late Miocene (Huayquerian Age) 

to the Present. Six biozones were defined for this 

lapse: Xenodontomys ellipticus Zone, Plohophorus 

cuneiformis-Actenomys priscus Zone, 

Ctenomys kraglievichi Zone, Equus (A.) neo- 

149

gaeus-Macrauchenia patachonica Zone, Ozotoceros 

bezoarticus Zone, and Bos taurus-Ovis 

aries Zone. They are correlated within a 

chronostratigraphic chart. 

2006040569 

微体古生物 — 层序地层学相结合方法在地层 

划分中的应用 — 以大港滩海埕北断阶带关家 

堡地区古近系为例 = The application of micropaleontology-sequence 

stratigraphy in stratigraphic 

division. ( 中文 ). 孟鹏 ; 刘立 ; 孙晓明 ; 高 

玉巧 ; 曲希玉 . 微体古生物学报 , 2005, 22(4): 

417-424 

大港滩海埕北断阶带古近系较为复杂 , 地 

层划分对比困难 , 本文采用了古生物组合 — 

高分辨率层序地层学相结合的方法对研究区 

进行地层划分对比。 

2006040570 

吐鲁番盆地新生代环境演变 = Evironmental 

evolution during the Cenozoic in the Turpan 

Basin. ( 中文 ). 程捷张秋营张西娟潘蔚张学 

文于文洋 . . Pages:122. 地震出版社 .2005.7- 

5028-2778-1. 

吐鲁番盆地是位于天山山脉的一个大型山 

间盆地 , 向东与哈密盆地相连 , 一般将它们 

统称为吐哈盆地。吐鲁番盆地的古近系和新 

近系发育良好 , 最大厚度可达 2500m, 是我 

国西部地区新生代地层发育良好的地区之 

一。该盆地不仅古近纪和新近纪地层发育 , 

保存良好 , 而且哺乳动物化石也比较丰富 , 

对该盆地的研究一直受到地质学家的重视 , 

它是揭示天山演化和青藏高原隆升远端效应 

的重要地区。 

对吐鲁番盆地古环境研究主要侧重两个方 

面 , 即古气候和地貌演化。古气候研究是本 

项研究的重点 , 如气温的变化、湿度的变 

化。古气候变迁是地球表层系统演变的一个 

重要表现 , 是多种因素相互作用结果 , 同时 

这种气候变化又会在地貌、地层中留下 “ 烙 

印 ” 就是气候指标。这些气候指标大体上可 

分为宏观和微观两个方面 , 对于研究古近纪 

和新近纪古气候来说 , 宏观标志主要有岩 

性 , 而地貌已残缺不全 , 难以利用 , 因此微 

观标志的获取和分析就更为重要。众多的研 

究表明 , 古气候的微观指标主要有地球化学 

的 ( 氧化物、碳酸钙 )、同位素地球化学的 ( 碳 

同位素、氧同位素、氮同位素 )、古生物的 ( 孢 

粉 )、磁化率的、粘土矿物的、碎屑矿物的 

等。因此 , 本书主要利用一些微观指标 , 并 

结合岩性和地貌等 , 研究吐鲁番盆地的新生 

代气候变迁。 

2006040571 

河北阳原台儿沟剖面泥河湾组底界的确定 = 

The basal boundary of the Nihewan Formation at 

the Tai ' ergou section of Yangyuan, Hebei 

Province. ( 中文 ). 闵隆瑞 ; 张宗祜 ; 王喜生 ; 郑绍 

华 ; 朱关祥 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 103-108 

河北阳原化稍营郝家台台儿沟剖面是泥河 

湾盆地新建的建阶剖面。剖面总厚度为 

151.45m, 顶部的年龄约 0.019Ma, 深 

33.55m 处为 B/M 界线 , 深 123m 处为 M 

/G 界线 , 剖面底的年龄约 3.3Ma。划分为 

马兰组、郝家台组、泥河湾组和蔚县组。深 

45.65—122.65m 间归泥河湾组 , 厚 77m, 

泥河湾组以黄色调砂、粉砂、黏土质粉砂为 

主 , 中夹有灰绿色黏士 , 属河湖相沉积环 

境。泥河湾组底界确定的标志 : 底部出露较 

厚的砂层 , 代表一个沉积旋回的开始 , 与下 

伏湖沼相蔚县组呈整合接触 ; 底界接近 M/ 

G 界线 , 在 M/G 界线之上 0.35m 处 ; 底 

界之下挖掘到早于 2.6Ma 的游河模拟鼠 - 副 

丁氏鼢鼠小哺乳动物化石组合和瓣鳃类化 

石。泥河湾组底界确定为 2.6Ma。 

2006040572 

南京地区下蜀黄土磁性地层年代与古环境变 

化 = Magnetostratigraphical dating of the Xiashu 

loess in Nanjing area and its paleoenvironmental 

interpretation. ( 中文 ). 武春林 ; 朱诚 ; 鹿化 

煜 ; 马春梅 ; 朱光耀 ; 郑朝贵 ; 许信旺 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2006, 30(2): 116-123 

通过对南京江北泰山新村下蜀土剖面所采 

的 144 个样品和南京江南燕子矶下蜀土剖面 

所采的 467 个样品所进行的古地磁测年、磁 

化率测量和粒度测定 , 建立了南京地区下蜀 

黄土地层 220kaB.P. 以来较精细的时间标 

尺 ; 在此工作基础上 , 将南京下蜀黄土堆积 

所记录的环境信息同北方经典黄土、深海沉 

积氧同位素记录进行了对比 , 发现燕子矶剖 

面磁化率曲线能够与深海沉积氧同位素曲线 

1-7 阶段进行良好的对比 . 两者之间的细节变 

化具有一致性 , 其中 S0 表现为高值 , 可与氧 

同位素曲线阶段 1 对比 , 为一高温期 ;L 1 可 

以划分为两层黄土 (L 1 LL 1 、L 1 LL 2 ) 和一层 

弱发育的古土壤 (L 1 SS 1 ). 

L 1 LL 1 、和 L 1 LL 2 可与阶段 2 和 4 对比 .L 1 SS 1 

可与阶段 3 对比 ;S 1 古土壤层由 3 个古土壤 

亚层 (S 1 SS 1 、S 1 SS 2 ,S 1 SS 3 ) 和 2 个弱成土亚 

层 (,S 1 LL 1 ) 叠置而成 , 磁化率曲线具有明显 

的三峰夹两谷形式 , 正好可与氧同位素阶段 

5 对比 , 表明这一时期的古气候特点是在湿 

热的背景下有两次干冷波动 , 其中 S 1 SS 1 、 

S 1 SS 2 ,S 1 SS 3 分别对应于 5a、5c、5e,S 1 LL 1 、 

S 1 LL 2 对应于 5d、5d;L 2 黄土磁化率曲线整 

体呈谷形 . 但中下部有一次峰 . 下部磁化率 

偏高 , 与阶段 6 的曲线特征相吻合 ;S 2 古土 

150

壤层未见底 , 目前获得的磁化率曲线特征可 

与 7a 和 7b 对比。以上研究结果确立了江南 

风尘堆积的古气候全球变化意义。 

2006040573 

安徽蒙城尉迟寺遗址地层的磁化率与元素地 

球化学记录研究 = Magnetic susceptibility and 

elemental geochemistry analysis of the archaeological 

strta at the yuchisi site, anhuimagnetic 

susceptibility and elemental geochemistry analysis 

of the archaeological strta at the Yuchisi Site, 

Anhui. ( 中文 ). 马春梅 ; 朱诚 ; 朱光耀 ; 王吉怀 ; 黄 

润 ; 顾维玮 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 30(2): 124-130 

通过磁化率和地球化学元素的因子分析法 

和比值法分析提取出尉迟寺遗址地层记录的 

环境演变信息。本区 5 050aBP 以前的新石器 

时期为暖湿的气候环境 ; 大汶口文化阶段气 

候总体偏干冷 , 存在数次波动 ; 从大汶口至 

龙山文化期间 , 本区气候发生了较为明显的 

变化 , 由干冷转向温湿 , 这为水稻生产提供 

了有利条件 , 也促进了龙山文化的繁荣。在 

5 050aBP 之前及 4 620aBP、4 700aBP 前后可 

能都发生过冷干事件。 

2006040574 

新近系谢家阶层型剖面古地磁年代学研究 = 

Magnetostratigraphy of stratotype section of the 

Neogene Xiejian stage. ( 中文 ). 武力超 ; 岳乐平 ; 

王建其 ;F.Heller; 邓涛 . 地层学杂志 , 2006, 

30(1): 50-53 

古地磁测量表明 , 中国新近系谢家阶界线 

层型剖面 —— 西宁盆地谢家剖面共记录了 18 

个正极性段与 17 个负极性段 , 与标准极性柱 

中 C5Bn.2n—C7n.1n 之间的极性带能很好 

的对应。剖面中谢家组的年龄为 17.32— 

21 . 58Ma , 谢家哺乳动物群的年龄约为 

21Ma, 相当于 MN2 中期。 

2006040575 

拉萨地区林周盆地设兴组上部 ( 古近系 ) 年 

代研究的新进展及意义 = Advance of geochronological 

dating of Shexing Formation in 

the Lhunzhub Basin, Lhasa area and its significance. 

( 中文 ). 纪占胜 ; 杨欣德 ; 臧文栓 ; 姚建新 ; 

武桂春 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 45(2): 277-282 1 图 

版 . 

拉萨地区林周盆地典中 - 那玛剖面设兴组上 

部新发现的孢粉组合以落叶、阔叶植物为主 

体 , 主要为桦科的 Alnipollenites , 

Betulaepollenites , Carpiniptes , 山毛榉科的 

Quercoidites, 胡桃科的 Juglanspollenites, 榆 

科的 Ulmipollenites , 椴科的 Tiliapollenites 

等 , 孢粉化石多为古近纪常见分子 , 未发现 

白垩纪的特征分子。古近纪早期大量出现的 

三孔沟 , 网面三孔沟等花粉少量出现 ; 孢粉 

组合更接近于古近纪中晚期的面貌 , 其时代 

可能属于晚始新世。因此 , 设兴组上部的年 

代可能是始新世晚期。由此推论 , 设兴组和 

林子宗群之间的角度不整合不能代表白垩纪 - 

古近纪之间的构造运动 , 而是代表始新世晚 

期后的构造运动。同时 , 林周盆地可能沉积 

有古近纪的河湖相地层。 

2006040576 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚西南部下 Chehalis 河 

峡谷晚更新世地层和地质年代 = Late Pleistocene 

stratigraphy and chronology of lower Chehalis 

River valley, southwestern British Columbia: 

Evidence for a restricted coquitlam stade. 

( 英文 ). Ward B C, Thomson B. Canadian Journal 


Sediments in lower Chehalis valley span middle 

Wisconsin (Olympia nonglacial interval) to 

Holocene time. Sediments are divided into six 

units with chronological control provided by 14 

new radiocarbon ages. Fluvial gravel spans the 

transition from the late Olympia nonglacial interval 

to the early Fraser Glaciation. Glaciolacustrine 

sedimentation represents the first definitive 

glacial activity in the valley and indicates 

that Vashon ice in the Fraser Lowland 

blocked the mouth of the Chehalis valley at ca. 

18-17 ka BP. Ice then flowed down the Chehalis 

valley. The Chehalis valley deglaciated while ice 

persisted in the Fraser Lowland, forming another 

lake. After this lake drained, terraces and fans 

formed. This style of glaciation-deglaciation is 

typical of many watersheds peripheral to the 

Fraser Lowland in that local valley ice was 

slightly out of phase with ice in the lowland. 

This resulted in glacial lakes forming during 

both advance and retreat phases. However, in 

contrast to watersheds in the northwestern Fraser 

Lowland, no definitive evidence of a Coquitlam 

ice advance was found within the Chehalis valley. 

Although glaciers in the area were likely 

active and advancing, data from the Chehalis 

valley indicates that they were not as extensive 

as previously thought. Since ice source areas in 

the northeastern Fraser Lowland are in the leeward 

area of the Coast Mountains, it is suggested 

that lower precipitation resulted in limited glacier 

activity there during the Coquitlam Stade. 

2006040577 

南美北部古新世和早始新世孢粉旋回生态地 

层研究 = Ecostratigraphic study of Paleocene 

and Early Eocene palynological cyclicity in 

northern South America. ( 英文 ). Rull V. 

Palaios, 2000, 15(1): 14-24 

A quantitative palynological study of the Paleocene/Eocene 

transition in western Venezuela 

was undertaken to detect and analyze possible 

cyclic patterns. Two different methodologies 

151

were used, palynocycles and ecologs, and their 

results are compared. A total of 237 outcrop 

samples from three formations deposited in continental 

to coastal environments were analyzed 

for pollen and fern spores. 

Several palynological cycles are recorded and 

correlated with third-order global eustatic cycles. 

A high-frequency cyclicity of ca. 220,000-year 

period also was found. Both methodologies recorded 

the same cyclic patterns and can be considered 

complementary. Ecologs are easier to use, 

but have less interpretative potential. Palynocycles 

are more complex, but also more descriptive 

and help detect small hiatuses. Diversity values 

reach maxima at cycle boundaries and their minima 

in the middle of cycles. This distribution has 

been interpreted in terms of different palynomorph 

sources under conditions of high and low 

sea level. During the Paleocene/Eocene transition, 

diversity shows a constant ascending trend, 

probably due to a long-term, worldwide climatic 

warming. 

2006040578 

埃及西奈苏伊士断裂带中新世咸水和泻湖沉 

积 = Miocene brackish water and lacustrine 

deposition in the Suez Rift, Sinai, Egypt. ( 英文 ). 

Wescott W A; Krebs W N; Bentham P A; Pocknall 

D T. Palaios, 2000, 15(1): 65-72 

From its inception during the early Miocene, 

the Suez Rift has been dominated by marine 

sedimentation. New high-resolution biostratigraphic 

and sedimentologic analyses of synrift 

deposits have resulted in the recognition of late 

Burdigalian-early Langhian brackish water and 

lacustrine deposits in the Wadi Abu Gaada- 

Gebel Gushia area, Sinai Peninsula. The Abu 

Gaada section is unique because: (1) it is an anomalously 

thick section of non-calcareous shale 

and mudstone in the Lagia Member of the Ayun 

Musa Formation; and (2) the mudstones contain 

an abundant microflora consisting of marine and 

nonmarine diatoms and freshwater algae that 

indicate they were deposited in a freshwater to 

brackish water environment. The abundant 

freshwater and shallow marine algae include the 

nonmarine diatoms Aulacoseira Thwaites, 

Fragilaria construens (Ehrenberg) Grunow, 

Synedra ulna (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg, and SurrirellaTurpin, 

as well as the freshwater algae Botryococcus 

Kutzing and Pediastrum Meyen. Shallow 

marine diatoms are represented by Actinoptychus 

Ehrenberg, Actinocyclus ehrenbergii Ralfs, 

Paralia sulcata (Ehrenberg) Cleve, Rhaphoneis 

Ehrenberg, and HyalodiscusEhrenberg. Correlations 

with other coeval stratigraphic sections in 

the Sinai Peninsula indicate that brackish water 

and lacustrine deposition was localized in the 

Wadi Abu Gaada-Gebel Gushia area. This is 

explained by uplift and tilting of the bounding 

faults separating the Wadi Abu Gaada-Gebel 

Gushia block from adjacent rift blocks where 

normal marine conditions prevailed. The increased 

freshwater influence was the result of a 

rising water table during a period of rising sea 

level. As transgression continued, the barrier that 

separated the Wadi Abu Gaada depression from 

marine waters was eventually breached. Brackish 

water then filled the depression. Eventually a 

hypersaline lagoon formed in what previously 

had been a fresh waterlake, depositing the 

Markha Anhydrite. Correlative brackish water/lacustrine 

shales also have been found in the 

subsurface of the Gulf of Suez and thin coeval 

deposits are present on its southwestern margin. 

This reflects that the local occurence of these 

depositional environments was controlled by 

structural reorganization of fault blocks in the 

Suez Rift in response to the "mid-clysmic" tectonic 

event. 

2006040579 

青藏高原第四纪泛湖期与古气候 = The Quaternary 

pan-lake (overflow) period and paleoclimate 

on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. ( 中文 ). 

郑绵平 ; 袁鹤然 ; 赵希涛 ; 刘喜方 . 地质学 

报 , 2006, 26(2): 169-180 

对青藏高原不同位置的 17 个湖区进行地质 

调查 , 并结合卫星照片和地形图解译的基础 

上 , 笔者对高原泛湖区形成时间、范围和古 

气候进行了深入研究。青藏高原第四纪最晚 

的两次高湖面 ( 溢流面 ) 时间约为 40~30/ 

35ka 和 65~53ka; 在该时段高原为巨大的相 

互连通泛湖系所覆盖 , 总面积约达 

360000km 2 , 湖水总体积约达 53×10 8 km 3 , 分 

别较现代湖泊的总面积和总体积大 38 倍和 

659 倍。在该泛湖期之前晚更新世还有 3 次高 

湖面 ;132~112ka、110~95ka 和约 91~ 

72/83~75ka。说明青藏高原晚第四纪气候变 

化具有不稳定性和快速变化的特点。约 40~ 

30ka 高湖面还出现在青藏高原以北腾格里沙 

漠。说明该时期存在特强的南亚夏季风 ; 岁 

差周期 20ka 的太阳高辐射变化对位于地球低 

纬地带、高海拔地区的青藏高原有着特殊的 

重要性。在 30ka 前后 , 伴随青藏高原的快速 

抬升和古气候变冷 , 青藏高原周缘泛湖突然 

外泄 , 在短时间内巨量冰冷湖水倾泄人印度 

洋和西太平洋。该泛湖倾泄事件已造成高原 

周缘江、湖等环境变化。 

2006040580 

青藏高原中、东部全新世以来多年冻土演化 

及寒区环境变化 = Evolution of permafrost and 

environmental changes of cold regions in eastern 

and interior Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since the 

152

Holocene. ( 中文 ). 金会军 ; 赵林 ; 王绍令 ; 郭东信 . 

第四纪研究 , 2006, 26(2): 198-210 

古冻土存在的依据和判别标志主要是古冻 

土遗迹 ( 深埋藏多年冻土层、古冻土上限、 

融化夹层、厚层地下冰 ) 和古冰缘现象 ( 古 

冻胀丘、古融冻褶皱、砂楔、土楔、冰楔假 

型、风成沙丘、黄土层、厚层泥炭和腐殖质 

层等 )。文章结合大量的测年数据 , 利用古 

代和现代冻土以及冰缘现象的时空分布差异 

综合分析对比 , 将全新世以来青藏高原多年 

冻土演化过程和环境变化划分为 6 个较明显 

的时段 : 早全新世的气候剧变期 

(10800aB.P. 至 8500-7000aB.P.)、中 

全新世大暖期 (8500-7000aB.P. 至 4000- 

3000aB.P.)、晚全新世寒冷期 (4000- 

3000aB.P. 至 1000aB.P.)、晚全新世温 

暖期 (1000aB.P. 至 500aB.P.)、全新 

世末小冰期 (500aB.P. 至 100aB.P.) 及 

近代升温期 (100aB.P. 至今 ); 同时 , 概 

述了各时段高原冻土的发育条件、分布范围 

及总面积 , 和当时高原上的古气候、古地理 

环境。 

2006040581 

济阳坳陷古近系区域层序地层格架地层特征 

对比 = Correlation of stratigraphic features in 

regional sequence stratigraphic framework of the 

Paleogene in Jiyang Depression. ( 中文 ). 苏宗富 ; 

邓宏文 ; 陶宗普 ; 林会喜 ; 齐陆宁 ; 周传迅 ; 曲剑 . 

古地理学报 , 2006, 8(1): 89-102 

综合生物地层学、磁性地层学 (ESR 测年 

法 )、地震地层学及层序地层学等地层学的 

研究成果 , 通过对断陷盆地区域等时界面的 

识别、界面级次和界面性质的分析与对比 , 

以三级层序为基本组构单元建立了济阳坳陷 

古近系区域层序地层格架系统。通过分析济 

阳坳陷 4 大次级凹陷古近系各二级层序和隐 

蔽油气藏最为发育的重点三级层序的可对比 

性 , 认为二级层序完全受构造幕的直接控 

制 , 具有很好的可对比性。4 个次级凹陷的 

重点三级层序的旋回性质具有一致性 , 标志 

性沉积物出现于相同或类似的旋回位置。然 

而 ,T2( 沙 - 段底 )、T4( 沙三段上亚段底 ) 

和 T6( 沙三段中亚段底 ) 三级层序界面的性 

质在不同凹陷间具有明显的差异性。从层序 

成因动力学角度来解释 , 这种旋回性质的相 

似性和界面性质的差异性分别表明了 : 同一 

层序地层格架中沉积环境对沉积物类型起决 

定性的影响作用 , 以及渤海湾盆地构造沉 

降、沉积中心的迁移对层序界面性质具有主 

要的控制作用。 

2006040582 

海南岛第四纪古生物及生态环境演变 = Paleontology 

and ecologic environmental evolution 

of the Quaternary in Hainan Island. ( 中文 ). 颜家 

安 . 古地理学报 , 2006, 8(1): 103-115 

海南岛与大陆有过连、断、再连、再断的 

地史变化 , 使本岛的生物群及其生态环境与 

华南大陆既有一定的关联性 , 又有一定的差 

异性。海南岛现代生物多样性直接继承和发 

展了新生代 , 尤其是第四纪全新世早期的生 

物类群 , 其组成成分与现代基本一致。由于 

海南岛处于低纬度地区 , 受第四纪冰期影响 

较小 , 一些古老的植物和动物能得以保存下 

来 , 特别是到了全新世早期 , 全球性气候转 

温 , 本岛动、植物区系尤其兴盛发达。三亚 

落笔洞是本岛迄今为止最早的一处人类活动 

文化遗址。本岛最早的先住民 —“ 三亚人 ” 

是古越族的一支 , 他们的到来和繁衍以及后 

来的移民使本岛生物及其生态环境发生了较 

大的变化。 

2006040583 

黑龙江北部嘉荫盆地中南部原划新近系时代 

的重新厘定 = Redefinition of the original Neogene 

strata in the south-central Jiayin basin, 

northern Heilongjiang, China. ( 中文 ). 赵海滨 ; 尹 

志刚 ; 汪岩 ; 牛延宏 ; 于荣文 ; 马丽玲 ; 李尚林 ; 赵军 . 

地质通报 , 2006, 25(4): 460-464 

黑龙江省北部嘉荫盆地北端的黑龙江南岸 

渔亮子组是中国最早发现爬行类动物化石的 

层位 , 盛产恐龙化石。长期以来 , 盆地中南 

部的地层被划为古近系孙吴组。对乌拉嘎 

镇、庆林林场的孢粉研究显示 , 该地层的时 

代属晚白垩世晚期 , 相当于马斯科里赫特早 

期 , 可与黑龙江南岸嘉荫地区的渔亮子组对 

比。孢粉组合中含有大量耐干旱盐碱的克拉 

梭粉 ( Classopollis ) 、麻黄粉 

(Ephedripites), 但未见前人在该地层中发 

现和报道的反映温暖潮湿气候环境的鹰粉 

( Aquilapollenites ) 和槐叶萍科 

(Ariadmesporites) 异孢。反映当时有一暂短 

的从温暖潮湿 - 干旱炎热的气候大变迁 , 这种 

变迁可能是造成恐龙大量死亡的原因之一。 

2006040584 

海南岛北部更新世道堂组的重新厘定 = Revision 

of the Pleistocene Daotang Formation in 

northern Hainan Island, China. ( 中文 ). 龙文国 ; 

林义华 ; 石春 ; 周进波 ; 吕嫦艳 . 地质通报 , 2006, 

25(4): 469-474 1 图版 . 

根据 1:25 万琼海县幅区域地质调查最新 

资料 , 对《海南省岩石地层》中的第四系道 

堂组进行了重新厘定 , 在原道堂组正层型剖 

面上原一段与二段之问识别出沉积不整合 

面、超覆不整合面 , 从而将原道堂组划分为 

153

2 个不同的组级岩石地层单位。按照岩石地 

层单位的命名原则 , 超覆不整合面之下的原 

道堂组一段划归新建立的下中更新统多文 

组 ; 原道堂组二段、三段、四段厘定为新定 

义的道堂组 , 分别定义为新道堂组的下段、 

中段和上段。新厘定的道堂组的地质时代为 

中晚更新世。 

2006040585 

东昆仑阿拉克湖地区第四纪地层时代厘定及 

环境变迁 = Age determinations of the Quaternary 

strata and environmental changes in the 

Alag Lake area, East Kunlun. ( 中文 ). 马新民 ; 向 

树元 ; 王国灿 ; 吴燕玲 . 沉积与特提斯地质 , 2006, 

26(1): 67-73 

根据沉积分析和 ESR、OSL、 14 C 测年数 

据 , 对阿拉克湖地区第四纪地层进行了详细 

的成因划分和时间约束 , 为第四纪以来高原 

隆升重大事件及其引起的环境演变提供了重 

要的时代依据 ; 根据沉积特征和孢粉植物演 

替对第四纪的环境变迁过程进行了探讨 : 早 

更新世湖积地层中出现具亚寒带气候特征的 

针叶林植物群和中更新世冰碛物覆于早更新 

世地层之上是研究区第四纪环境演变的重要 

转折标志 ; 第四纪盆山耦合关系非常明显 , 

山系隆升与沉积盆地具有由北向南迁移的规 

律。 

2006040586 

云南宁蒗地区中全新世晚期气候变化的石笋 

记录 = The records of climatic change from a 

stalagmite during the late time of the Middle 

Holocene in Ninglang area,Yunnan. ( 中文 ). 张 

美良 ; 林玉石 ; 朱晓燕 ; 覃嘉铭 ; 杨琰 ; 罗贵荣 . 海 

洋地质与第四纪地质 , 2006, 26(1): 35-40 

通过对云南宁蒗县永宁区仙人洞石笋进行 

α -U 系测年和碳氧同位素分析 , 建立了 

4500~2000 aBP 的古气候变化时间序列。研 

究结果表明 , 永宁地区在 4500~2000 aBP 间 

石笋记录的冷暖事件所反映出的气候变化 , 

大致可分为 6 个气候阶段 :4500~4000 aBP 

气候温暖干旱 ,4000~3400 aBP 气候末冷干 

旱 , 是中全新世晚期的一次重要的气候演变 

转折时期 ;3400~3100 aBP 气候温暖湿润 ; 

3100~2650 aBP 气候寒冷干旱 ;2650~2400 

aBP 气候温暖湿润 ,2400~2000 aBP 气候冷 

凉湿润。中全新世晚期以来 , 石笋记录的这 

些短时间尺度的气候事件 , 明显受中 - 低纬度 

太阳辐射强度以及北半球大气环流的影响 , 

太阳辐射强度的变化是控制印度季风演变的 

主要动因。石笋记录揭示印度季风的快速推 

进或退出 ( 萎缩 ) 以及百年足度上的气候波 

动是太阳辐射量变化造成的结果。 

2006040587 

伊朗库姆盆地卡山地区第三系层序地层分析 

= Sequence stratigraphic analysis of Tertiary in 

Kashan area, Qom Basin, Iran. ( 中文 ). 许丽 ; 宋 

来亮 ; 金强 . in: 杨勇 . 地学与资源研究新进展 . . 

Pages: 241(143-149). 中国石油大学出版社 . 

2006. 7-5636-2235-7. 

卡山地区位于伊朗中部库姆盆地东南缘 , 

第三系以浅海相碳酸岩和碎屑岩沉积为主。 

该区勘探的目的层为渐 - 中新统库姆组 , 相 

当于伊朗西南部的阿斯玛里组。本文根据层 

序地层学的基本原理 , 综合利用露头、钻井 

和地震资料 , 将卡山地区第三系划分为 6 个 

三级层序。库姆组可进一步划分为 4 个准层 

序组 , 每个准层序组代表一次海侵 , 其纵向 

上有 4 个 “ 灰岩 - 膏岩 ” 地层组合。以准层 

序组为等时地层单元进行地震地层对比解 

释 , 结合地震相和沉积相模型的综合分析 , 

最终建立了库姆组层序地层充填模式。尽管 

研究资料仅限于勘探早期 , 但层序地层分析 

很清楚地说明了该区的储盖层分布及其油 

气勘探潜力。 

2006040588 

渤海湾西北岸全新世牡蛎礁研究概述 = Holocene 

oyster reefs on the northwest coast of the 

Bohai Bay, China. ( 中文 ). 王宏 ; 范昌福 ; 李建芬 ; 

李凤林 ; 阎玉忠 ; 王云生 ; 张金起 ; 张玉发 . 地质通 

报 , 2006, 25(3): 315-331 

环太平洋西岸 , 特别是渤海湾西北岸沿海 

平原全新世地层中广泛分布着由 Crassostrea 

gigas 牡蛎形成的礁体。总结了渤海湾西北岸 

30 余年来众多研究者的主要成果。论述了 C. 

gigas 秘的定名沿革、生态习性、礁体特征、 

礁体与海面的关系。测定了 C. gigas 萌秘壳 

体的 

18 O 和 

13 C 同位素组成 , 发现了壳体生物 

碳酸钙的年际变化律 , 结合可靠的 

14 C 数 

据 , 建立了正常建礁与个体分泌壳体之间的 

线性函数关系 ( 约 1cm/a)、水平夹层的平 

均历时 ( 约 200a/ 层 ) 等定量参数 , 进而提 

出 “ 礁体历时假说 ”, 并将该地区时间跨度约 

7750-950calBP 的化石牡蛎礁划分为 8 道礁 

群 , 论证了礁体内部水平夹层和礁体之上泥 

质 “ 转换层 ” 可能记录的百年尺度的 “ 缓变型 ” 

环境变化。 

2006040589 

海南岛北部第四纪早中更新世多文组的建立 

= Establishment of the early-mid Pleistocene 

Duowen Formation on northern Hainan Island, 

China. ( 中文 ). 龙文国 ; 林义华 ; 朱耀河 ; 石春 ; 周 

进波 ; 吕嫦艳 . 地质通报 , 2006, 25(3): 408-414 

在 1:25 万琼海县幅区域地质调查中 , 对 

海南岛北部地区出露的一套早、中更新世形 

成的基性火山岩进行了详细研究 , 新创建多 

154

文组 , 并进一步划分为上、下段 , 分别代表 

早更新世晚期一中更新世早期、中更新世中 

晚期形成的基性火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩。其 

层位比道堂组、石山组低 , 且岩性组合存在 

差异。对该组的分布范围、岩性、岩相、形 

成时代、地球化学特征进行了总结 , 并讨论 

了其形成的构造环境。 

2006040590 

黄河源区早更新世含植物化石地层的发现及 

意义 = Discovery of early Pleistocene strata 

containing plants fossils in the source area of the 

Yellow River and significance. ( 中文 ). 张森琦 ; 

王永贵 ; 辛元红 ; 赵越 ; 李永国 ; 王占昌 ; 石维栋 ; 尚 

小刚 . 中国地质 , 2006, 33(1): 78-85 

通过对扎根加陇早更新世湖相地层 

(1919.6 kaB.P.)、棒咯涌 K5 号钻孔早 

更新世河湖相地层 ( 1135.9 ~ 

945.4kaB.P.)、野牛河西岸早更新世河湖 

相地层 (1548.2-765.4kaB.P.) 以及产于扎 

根加陇早更新世湖相地层中的植物化石、各 

剖面孢粉资料的分析 , 获知黄河源区早更新 

世早期为亚热带山地针叶林植被景观 , 地层 

中木本植物花粉占绝对优势 , 以针叶植物云 

杉属、松属、冷杉属、铁杉属为主 , 是源区 

动植物发育的鼎盛时期 ; 进入早更新世晚期 

初 , 乔木植物花粉迅速减少乃至全部消失 , 

草本植物花粉大幅度增加。晚期末 , 孢粉出 

现贫化 , 以草本植物花粉为主 , 呈现荒漠草 

原植被景观。提出了现今黄河源区生态地质 

环境的形成是地质演化的必然结果。 

2006040591 

胜利油区孤岛油田新近系辅助标志层研究 = 

The study on the auxiliary index horizons of the 

Neogene in Gudao Oil Field. ( 中文 ). 陈清华 ; 刘 

池阳 ; 李琴 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(1): 46-49 

以测井响应特征分析为主 , 辅以岩心观察 , 

旋回地层学界面识别和地震反射特征分析 , 在 

孤岛油田新近系明化镇组底和馆陶组馆上段 

馆 1+2 砂层组第四小层底发现两个辅助标志 

层。这些辅助标志层的发现为孤岛油田地 

层、构造、沉积与油气分布规律等研究奠定 

了重要基础。研究成果可作为油田开发中后 

期河流相小层划分对比研究工作的借鉴。 

2006040592 

鄱阳湖组 ( 第四系 ) 的修订及特征 = Revision 

and characters of the Poyanghu Formation (Quaternary). 

( 中文 ). 马振兴 ; 蒋玉珍 ; 魏源 ; 李均辉 ; 

李长安 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(3): 212-215 

根据对鄱阳湖地区 Zk01 钻孔柱状剖面的研 

究 , 对鄱阳湖组的定义进行修订、补充 , 认为 

鄱阳湖组为一套以青灰色淤泥质粘土、黄褐 

色粘土、粉质粉土为主夹少量粉砂或细砂的 

湖泊 — 河口三角洲相沉积。年代地层为第四 

系全新统 , 底界年龄约 6 210±125a B.P., 开阔 

湖泊沉积始于 3 240±180a B.P., 且由北向南 

时代渐新 , 具有明显的穿时性 . 

2006040593 

塔里木盆地第四纪磁性地层学研究 = Quaternary 

magnetic stratigraphy of the Tarim Basin. 

( 中文 ). 徐建明 ; 杨振京 ; 郑宏瑞 ; 张俊牌 ; 林防 ; 石 

英 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(4): 276-281,288 

依据塔里木盆地中部 KT2 号钻孔的岩石地 

层、磁性地层和测年数据等资料 , 探讨了区域 

地层沉积旋回特征、盆地沉降的阶段性 , 判别 

出了松山和高斯极性带内分别存在 4 个和 2 

个极性亚带 , 据此建立了塔里木盆地上新世 

3.4 Ma 以来的地层格架。 

2006040594 

江苏江阴祁头山新石器时代遗址考古地层研 

究 = Research on the archaeological strata of the 

Qitoushan Neolithic site,Jiangyin,Jiangsu Province. 

( 中文 ). 朱诚 ; 张芸 ; 张强 ; 陆建芳 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2003, 27(4): 314-317,323 1 图版 . 

江阴祁头山遗址区有厚达 248cm 厚的马家 

浜文化层。对该遗址地层的孢粉、微体古生 

物沉积学和环境磁学分析表明 : 江阴在马家浜 

文化时期就已经成陆 , 此时海岸线分布在该区 

以北 , 江阴北门外护城河北的马家浜文化遗址 

可作为证据之一。剖面磁化率分析结果表明 

马家浜文化期间温暖湿润 , 适宜的气候促使人 

口急剧增多 , 稻作农业得以起源并迅速发展。 

马家浜文化层之上出现间断现象 , 可能是长江 

三角洲地区 4 000a BP 前后普遍存在的特大洪 

水所致。该时期洪水可能威胁先民的生存 , 农 

业生产无法正常进行。由于丧失基本的生活 

资料 , 先民可能迁居他处 , 寻找适宜生存而不 

受洪水威胁的区域生活 , 由此形成了马家浜文 

化和近现代之间文化间断现象。 

2006040595 

西藏冈底斯山脉北坡中更新统拉弄组的发现 

及其特征 = Establishment of the Middle Pleistocene 

Lalong Formation on the northern slope 

of the Gangdisi Mount,Tibet. ( 中文 ). 周幼云 ; 江 

元生 ; 王明光 ; 李建兵 ; 彭波 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 

27(4): 332-335 

拉弄组剖面位于冈底斯山脉北坡布多藏布 

拉弄沟 (E84°2 3.5′、N30°37.5′), 各项条 

件符合《中国地层指南》关于建组 ( 层型 ) 剖面 

的基本要求。拉弄组为一套弱固结滨湖相碎 

屑岩 , 顶、底均为 I 型不整合面 , 厚 85m 左右 ; 

年代地层单位属中更新统。拉弄组常形成大 

型峭壁浮雕地貌景观 , 新、奇、特显著 , 因此 , 

155

对拉弄组的研究意义不只限于完善该区第四 

系地层系统 , 充实高原第四纪古地理格局及环 

境变迁的分析、研究证据 , 还可为西部旅游业 

的进一步发展起到有力的推动作用。 

2006040596 

松辽盆地含油气地层及其构造特征 = The oilgas-bearing 

strata and the structural features in 

the Songliao Basin,NE China. ( 中文 ). 舒良树 ; 

慕玉福 ; 王伯长 . 地层学杂志 , 2003, 27(4): 340- 

347 

简述了松辽盆地含油气地层的基本特征 , 研 

究了松辽盆地地层、断裂及其与油气的联系 ; 

分析了中、新生代西太平洋板块构造背景与 

松辽盆地的形成、演化关系 ; 概述了松辽盆地 

六个二级构造单元的和两个断裂群的基本构 

造特征 ; 讨论了断裂对油气储集运移的制约。 

研究表明 , 松辽盆地的烃源岩和含油气组合的 

形成和富集与西太平洋板块构造背景和拉张 

作用具有密切联系。 

2006040597 

黄骅坳陷中北区沙河街组四段上亚段地层的 

确认 = Discovery of the fourth member of Shahejie 

Formation in Huanghua Depression. ( 中文 ). 

宋庆原 ; 祝幼华 ; 于平 ; 高建中 ; 刘振川 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2003, 27(4): 348-351,357 

以往黄骅坳陷仅在南区的王官屯地区发现 

过确切的古近系沙河街组四段地层。上世纪 

90 年代初 , 地层古生物工作者曾根据个别单 

井孢粉化石资料 , 怀疑黄骅坳陷北区的北塘凹 

陷局部分布有沙四段。但由于当时的勘探程 

度较低 , 化石证据不足 , 因而没有得到广泛认 

可。中区板桥和歧口凹陷过去从未发现沙四 

段。通过对板桥凹陷地层的系统古生物分析 , 

发现中北区沙三段下伏原来部分归属中生界 

的地层中含大量的藻类、介形虫、腹足类及 

轮藻化石 , 依据它们的生物群特征 , 这套地层 

应属于沙河街组四段 , 且为沙四段上亚段。 

布、岩性、岩相、古生物及同位素年代特征 , 

讨论了其形成的构造环境。 

2006040599 

河北省阳原台儿沟剖面泥河湾河湖相层岩石 

地层的划分 = Lithostratigraphic division of the 

Nihewan fluvial-lacustrine strata at the Tai'ergou 

section in Yangyuan,Hebei Province. ( 中文 ). 张 

宗祜 ; 闵隆瑞 ; 朱关祥 . 地质通报 , 2003, 22(5): 

379-383 

台儿沟剖面位于河北省阳原县化销营郝家 

台南侧 , 主要出露晚新生代泥河湾河湖相层 — 

群 , 总厚 129.25m。根据沉积物颜色、岩性、 

结构构造和与下伏地层的接触关系 , 将剖面地 

层划分为 122 层。在此基础上 , 将其中第四纪 

河湖相层自下而上划分为 3 个组 , 即泥河湾 

组、钱家沙洼组和郝家台组。剖面下部河流 

相含砾中粗砂层至中部河流相砂砾层之间的 

湖相灰绿、灰黄色粘土质粉砂和粉砂质粘土 

层称泥河湾组 ; 剖面中部厚层河流相砂砾、粉 

细砂夹粘土质粉砂层称钱家沙洼组 ; 剖面中部 

河流相地层之上的滨浅湖相灰黑、浅灰绿、 

灰黄、浅红色粘土质粉砂层称郝家台组。第 

四纪时期古湖经历了河流相 → 滨浅湖相 → 河 

流相 → 滨浅湖相至湖泊消失的演化过程。 

2006040600 

西藏中部若干地层问题讨论 = A discussion of 

some problems of stratigraphy in central Tibet. 

( 中文 ). 马孝达 . 地质通报 , 2003, 22(9): 695-698 

野外考察和有关的研究结果表明 , 白垩纪阿 

尔布 — 赛诺曼期 , 在西藏中部沉积了由海相灰 

岩组成的郎山组 ; 白垩纪坎潘期 , 在班戈一带 

出现由磨拉石建造组成的竞柱山组 ; 新近纪 

中 — 上新世 , 西藏中部沉积了湖相的丁青组。 

因此 , 前人关于该区一些地层归属的厘定值得 

商榷。 

2006040598 

西藏尼玛地区古近纪美苏组的建立 = Establishment 

of the Paleogene Meisu Formation in 

the Nyima area,Tibet. ( 中文 ). 谢国刚 ; 廖思平 ; 罗 

小川 ; 邹爱建 ; 胡肇荣 . 地质通报 , 2003, 22(5): 

341-345 

通过 1∶25 万邦多区幅地质调查 , 在尼玛县 

西部拉舍 — 岷千日一带发现一套基性 - 中性 - 酸 

性 - 酸碱性火山岩岩石组合 , 其时代属古新 

世 — 始新世 , 新创建美苏组。描述了该组的分 

156

Untitled

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?