eTearsheet - Kentucky Press Association

101
st
airborne
THURSDAY, AUGUST 9, 2012
70th Anniversary
1942-2012

10 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
‘Rendezvous
101st through time
with Destiny’
Legendary 101st history
dates back to World War I
by Megan Locke Simpson
Courier staff
The 101st Airborne Division’s
first commander, Maj. Gen.
William C. Lee, said upon
its organization the Division had
no history, but a “rendezvous
with destiny.”
Since that time, the Screaming
Eagles went on to establish their
name in history for all time – starting
on the beaches of Normandy
in World War II and continuing to
the present day – whether patrolling
the streets of Kandahar or
assisting on the home front.
The 101st Airborne activated
as a part of the U.S. Army, Aug.
16, 1942. However, the 101st Airborne
took its patch and some
traditions from a unit of the Wisconsin
Organized Reserve. This
infantry unit, when first formed
during World War I, was referred
to as the 101st Division. During
this time frame, the Division relocated
to Camp Shelby, Miss., and
maintained its status as a reserve
unit until 1942 when it disbanded
and the newly-created airborne
unit adopted the name.
“It was there at Camp Shelby,
Mississippi, that the Division was
partially formed when World War
I ended in Europe,” said 101st
Airborne Division Historian Capt.
Jim Page. “So the 101st Division,
circa 1918, [was] never fully
manned, never fully equipped,
and it was kind of a fledging
thing. When the war was over,
they didn’t need it anymore.”
The idea for airborne units
originated from European successes
early in World War II.
“The airborne concept had
come from the Germans and the
Brits and the Russians and the
Italians,” Page explained. “Europeans
in general had experimented
with airborne forces for
a while. By the time the Parachute
Test Platoon was formed,
the Germans had already conducted
division-level operations
with paratroopers in combat. So
we were way behind the power
curve. The Parachute Test Platoon
was the cornerstone of the
airborne concept in the Army.”
“Consequently, what was happening
was that the Army had
been experimenting with parachute
troops in 1940,” Page
said. “They started off with the
Parachute Test Platoon, to look
at the idea of whether Soldiers
could jump out of a planes with
a parachute on their back, land,
assemble quickly and then do
something tactical once they
landed. They expanded that up
to parachute infantry battalionsize
units, about 500 Soldiers in
each battalion. They enlarged the
battalions to parachute infantry
regiments. Then, they decided
they wanted to create airborne
divisions.”
After activation in which the
82nd Infantry Division was split
to form the subsequent 82nd Airborne
and 101st Airborne Divisions
at Camp Claiborne, La.,
the Screaming Eagles traveled
Paratroopers litter the sky and pray for a soft landing during one of many airborne operations during World War II. U.S. Army airborne
units, including the 101st Airborne Division, originated in the early years of the war. Screaming Eagles paratroopers jumped into
combat for the first time during the Normandy invasion on D-Day, June, 6, 1944.
throughout the U.S. for maneuvers
before shipping off to England
for more advanced training
in September 1943. The 101st
went on to fight bravely throughout
World War II.
“The Division was successful
in accomplishing all its missions
before [seaborne troops] landed,”
Page said of the Screaming Eagles
on D-Day.
“The 4th Infantry Division,”
who Page explained came in
behind the 101st, “suffered less
than 200 Soldiers killed on Utah
Beach, which was quite light
compared to what was going on
just a few miles away. Considerably
lighter, and a lot of that
is because of the airborne divisions.”
The 101st inactivated Nov. 30,
1945, and was reactivated several
times in the immediate period
after World War II at Camp Breckinridge,
Ky. and Fort Jackson, S.C.
The Division served as a basic
training unit throughout much of
the 1940s and 1950s. The Screaming
Eagles found a permanent
home upon its reactivation at
Fort Campbell, Sept. 21, 1956, as
We’re doing the exact same types of
missions we did during World War II
– going behind enemy lines, seizing
key terrain and then linking up with a
ground force.
a nuclear-capable division.
“In 1948, the Atomic Security
Agency built a nuclear weapon
storage site here – one of the 13
in the United States,” Page said of
the area locals refer to as Clarksville
Base, which is now defunct.
“They wanted to have regular
Army Soldiers around nearby the
post … The only reason there’s
a Fort Campbell still today, and
we didn’t go the way of Camp
Breckinridge or other posts that
came and went, is because of that
nuclear weapons storage site.”
While the 101st doesn’t use
Capt. Jim Page,
101st Airborne Division historian
parachutes much anymore,
the airborne mission remains
unchanged from the day the
Screaming Eagles formed.
“We’re doing the exact same
types of missions we did during
World War II – going behind
enemy lines, seizing key terrain
and then linking up with a ground
force,” Page said. “So today, the
101st is still an airborne division,
in the sense the Division rides
into combat, carried on the air,
but now in the form of helicopters.
Thirty years from now, it will
evolve into something different.”
Division’s nickname traced to bald eagle named Abe
by Emily Brunett
Courier staff
All 101st Airborne Division
Soldiers know
they’re “Screaming
Eagles.” Every current Soldier
displays the mascot
on the “Airborne” patch
on their right shoulder.
The motto and symbol are
readily accepted as part of
the Division’s legacy. But
how did they become intertwined?
The Division’s history
can be traced back to Civil
War-era Wisconsin. The 8th
Regiment of Wisconsin Volunteer
Infantry fought in
the Western Theater of the
country from 1861 to 1864,
gaining much success. The
regiment’s trademark, a
tamed bald eagle, sat atop a
perch attached to a shield,
according to the Wisconsin
history website. Dubbed
“Old Abe” after the sitting
president, the eagle was
carried with the troops into
37 engagements.
“He became famous for
spreading his wings and
shrieking at appropriate
moments and was glorified
by the Northern media,”
the state’s website reads.
Following the war, the
bird was donated to the
Wisconsin government
while the 8th
relocated to
Montgomery,
Ala.,
to aid Reconstruction
efforts. The
eagle lived in
the Wisconsin
state Capitol,
and attended
political rallies
and charity
fundraisers. After
his death in 1881, Old
Abe’s body was preserved
through taxidermy; a
fire in the Capitol building
in 1904 destroyed his
remains. Regardless, his
image is preserved through
historical documents, photographs
and the Airborne
patch.
“There were no unit
patches until World War I,”
Installation Historian John
O’Brien said.
According to O’Brien, the
U.S. government organized
101 Army divisions to send
to Europe in 1917. The 101st
Division never saw combat,
since the war ended before
its deployment. The Division
was then reassigned
to Wisconsin as part of the
National Guard.
In 1921, the
Division’s patch
showed Old
Abe’s head surrounded
by
flames against a
black shield. The
flames, O’Brien
said, commemorated
the fire
in which the
eagle’s body was
consumed, and the
shield emblem was borrowed
from the nation’s
federal shield symbol.
The 101st Division’s time
in Wisconsin ended in 1942
when the U.S. government
mobilized all the National
Guard units, O’Brien
explained. The Division was
reassigned to Camp Claiborne
– near what is now
Fort Polk. When the country
entered World War II,
the Army created the 101st
Airborne Division from the
101st at Camp Claiborne
and the 82nd from South
Carolina. Upon this marriage
of units and creation
COURTESY PHOTOS
Major Thomas Sutliffe, 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, (right) wears a 1943 version of the eagle patch on
his Class ‘A’ jacket. General A.C. McAuliffe, who said “Nuts” to the German surrender demand at Bastogne,
awards the Silver Star Medal to Sutliffe. At left, the 101st began receiving “Legs” – non jump-qualified infantry
replacements – during the Vietnam War. Jump status members of the 82nd and 173rd referred to them as
“Screaming Chickens.” The “Choke Chicken” patch, a novelty item, with the word “Herd” on the arm, symbolizes
the 173rd doing the choking.
of a new type of division,
the patch lost its flames and
gained the title “Airborne.”
Mark Bando is a retired
Detroit police officer who
has spent most of his life
collecting the Airborne
Division’s WWII patches.
His “Trigger Time” website,
www.101airborneww2.
com, details his finds and
classification process,
among other 101st-related
highlights.
“There are at least 15
companies in the States
who made patches for the
Airborne Division,” Bando
said in a phone interview
from his home in Farmington
Hills, Mich. “Each had
its own, different design.”
See EAGLE, Page 16
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70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 11
101st through time
Corporal
Chris
Shropshire,
2nd Battalion,
506th Infantry
Regiment,
4th Brigade
Combat
Team, 101st
Airborne
Division,
descends
from the
Air Assault
School
Tower during
August
2009’s Week
of the Eagles
Toughest
Air Assault
Soldier
competition.
The 34-foot
tower is
an iconic
symbol of the
Air Assault
School and
its mission.
PHOTO BY MEGAN LOCKE SIMPSON | COURIER
Retired Lt. Col. Sam Doyle (right) the first honor graduate of the Air
Assault School in 1974, pins his original badge on his son, Capt. Stephen
Doyle. The Soldier of the 1st Squadron, 33rd Cavalry Regiment, 3rd
Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, was the 168,400 person
to graduate from the school, July 24.
by Megan Locke Simpson
Courier staff
The first honor graduate
of the inaugural
Air Assault School
class in 1974, retired Lt.
Col. Sam Doyle, returned
to Fort Campbell July 24
to see his son become the
168,400 person to complete
the course.
Almost 40 years since
its formation, the school
continues to train Soldiers
in the art of air assault.
To earn the coveted Air
Assault Badge, candidates
must complete an increasingly
difficult list of tasks,
from fast roping and rappelling
from aircraft and
the school’s famous 34-foot
tower, to sling loads and a
12-mile foot march during
the 10 ½ day schedule.
For its rigorous schedule
and 90 percent pass
rate, the Air Assault course
earned a reputation for
being the “10 Toughest
Days in the Army.”
“I think it lives up to it,”
said Air Assault School
Commander Capt. Brandon
Prisock.
“Any one day wouldn’t
necessarily be that grueling,
but when you
sequence them all together
and you go non-stop,
that’s when it gets really
demanding. Come watch
the guys at the end of the
foot march. You’ll see their
faces, and you can tell
they’ve been tested.”
This year, the Air Assault
Sabalauski Air Assault School maintains
‘10 toughest days in Army’ reputation
I thought then, as I do now, that
the school has great importance in
teaching the technical aspects of
air assault operations.
School is scheduled to
train 31 separate classes
of 180 people – meaning
more than 5,000 people
will be trained this year.
These numbers are
much different than the
fledging years of air assault
training, when Sam’s class
graduated 49 Soldiers.
Sam Doyle,
1974 Air Assault School honor graduate
“Back in 1974, we weren’t
wearing ACUs,” recalled
Sam, who served as the
assistant operations sergeant
at the time with the
1st Battalion, 506th Infantry,
2nd Brigade. “We were
wearing fatigues, and we
used to starch them. In
March/April time frame, it
was still warm and quite
humid here, and falling
out for a 12-mile march
in starched fatigues with
all our stuff on was an
unbearable, unbearable
experience.”
As for Sam, he remembers
the then five-day
course time fondly as one
of his “greatest times” in
the Army.
The school started its
pilot program in 1974 after
being approved by the
101st Airborne Division
Commander at the time,
Maj. Gen. Sidney Berry.
The first badges created,
one of which was passed
down from Sam to his
son at his graduation, was
made out of excess dental
fillings – a far cry from the
mass-produced wings of
today.
The original badge was
created by Maj. Jack R.
Rickman.
While Air Assault graduates
must now complete
three distinct phases of
training before earning
their wings, Sam remembers
how the first class
experienced adverse
weather and wind conditions
that made some of
the tasks difficult.
“One was a tree landing
platform – this enormous,
think of a large umbrella
that’s about 20 feet across
and on the top of it have
a little, flat square piece of
chain link fence,” Sam said.
See SCHOOL, Page 14
Celebrate
and honor
the US Army,
its heritage, and
the 30 million
American men
and women who
have worn the
Army uniform
since 1775.
1 st District Kentucky Congressman
Ed Whitfield
Paid for by Whitfield for Congress, P.O. Box 291, (270) 887-1615, Hopkinsville, KY 42241-0729

12 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
Division serves
others at home
by Michele Vowell
Courier assistant editor
Worldwide the 101st
Airborne Division
is known for
its strength, courage and
heroism.
Those traits have not
only been exhibited by the
Screaming Eagles overseas,
but also on the homefront.
Mission:
Protect Little Rock Nine
In September 1957, elements
of the 101st Airborne
Division descended upon
Little Rock, Ark., by orders
of the President of the
United States.
Their mission: to uphold
a Supreme Court ruling to
integrate public schools.
After pro-segregation
Arkansas governor, Orval
Faubus, ignored the new
federal law, President
Eisenhower gave the order
and the 1st Airborne Battle
Group, 327th Infantry,
deployed to Little Rock as
part of Operation Arkansas.
The Soldiers were
ordered to escort a group
of black students to classes
at the racially segregated
Little Rock Central High
School in Arkansas. The
students soon became
known as The Little Rock
Nine.
“… The Army’s job was
to protect the school and
the students,” said Ivan
Worrell, who was a public
information officer with
the Division in 1957, “and
not just the black students,
but the whole school.”
Jack Damron, a young
lieutenant who helped
escort the students to and
from school, said in a 2007
interview that he was honored
to serve at Little Rock.
“It was a grave responsibility
and fortunately
there were no incidents or
threats made against the
students while they were in
my charge,” he said.
Successful in their mission,
the Bastogne Bulldogs
returned to Fort Campbell
in late-1957.
“We were selected to do
that job, and I think we did
it in a very professional
manner,” Worrell said.
Humanitarian/Support
Missions
In March 1982, elements
of the 101st Airborne Division
began six-month
deployments to the Sinai
Peninsula as members of
the Multinational Force of
Observers. Tragedy struck
in December 1985, when
248 Screaming Eagles redeploying
from the Sinai were
killed in a charter airplane
crash near Gander, Newfoundland.
The Fort Campbellbased
units provided support
in civil assistance
projects between 1991 and
2001. The Division found
itself fighting forest fires in
Montana.
In September and October
2000, the 3rd Battalion,
327th Infantry Regiment,
helped fight fires on the
Bitterroot National Forest
in Montana. Designated
Task Force Battle Force and
commanded by Lt. Col.
Jon S. Lehr, the battalion
fought fires throughout the
surrounding areas of their
Valley Complex near Darby,
Mont.
The 101st Aviation Brigade
deployed forces to
conduct hurricane relief
in Florida after Hurricane
Andrew in August 1992.
101st through time
Fort Campbell Soldiers stand guard as the Little Rock Nine walk into Central High School in Little Rock, Ark., Sept. 24, 1957. Troops were deployed to
the school because the governor at the time, Orval Faubus, would not comply with the federal desegregation law.
Army Covenant
For 70 years, Fort Campbell
has held a strong bond
with its surrounding communities
and that bond
has been formally recognized
with the signing of
the Army Community Covenant.
The covenant was introduced
April 17, 2008, and
is designed to develop and
foster effective state and
community partnerships
with the Army in improving
the quality of life for
Soldiers and their Families,
both at their current duty
stations and as they transfer
from state to state.
By signing the covenant,
each community leader
from Hopkinsville and Oak
Grove, Ky., and Clarksville,
Tenn., promises their
continued support and
commitment to the Fort
Campbell community.
“We see support everyday
from individuals, local
communities, organizations,
businesses, city officials
and support from
both states,” said Col.
Frederick Swope, 101st
Airborne Division garrison
commander in 2008.
Selfless Service
When flood waters
destroyed parts of Clarksville
in May 2010, more
than 500 volunteers including
101st Airborne Division
Soldiers and their Families,
helped restore the community
after the worst flooding
in 50 years.
Pushing wheelbarrows,
picking up trash and spraying
down debris covered
equipment were just some
of the jobs volunteers
started.
Lieutenant Col. Alan
Shorey, commander of the
326th Engineer Battalion,
101st Sustainment Brigade,
arrived with 60 of his Soldiers,
ready to roll up their
sleeves and get to work.
“I didn’t want to put any
pressure on my guys to volunteer.
I wanted them to
do this because it felt right
for them to do so,” Shorey
said.
The record-breaking
storm that caused the
flooding dumped 13 inches
of rain within 48 hours and
killed at least 29 people
throughout three states by
either tornadoes or flooding.
The Cumberland River
topped out at 51.9 feet, 12
feet above the flood stage
and the highest it’s reached
since 1937.
Specialist Scott Hill, a
fuel supply specialist with
the 159th Combat Aviation
Brigade, said the Soldiers’
actions spoke to the Army’s
value selfless service.
“People are coming out
here and giving a helping
hand, doing whatever they
can,” he said. “It’s another
part of our duty. We don’t
just go overseas and do
battle; we have to take care
of our people at home too.”
Soldiers and Children
Since 2010, Fort Campbell
units have been
making the community a
better place through adoptions
of a different sort.
See SERVES, Page 15

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 13
by Heather Clark
Courier staff
From a visual standpoint,
few things will
distinguish a person
as a Soldier quicker than
a weapon and uniform.
Throughout history, specialized
uniforms have been
issued to Soldiers around
the world to distinguish
combatants from civilians,
provide camouflage and
logistically equip personnel
in a fast and efficient
manner.
As enlisted Soldiers arrived
at Camp Campbell, to prepare
for the fight overseas
in World War II, most were
issued the classic olive-drab
uniform, complete russet
brown service shoes, leggings
and the M-1941 field
jacket.
“Every Soldier in the U.S.
dressed in this type of uniform,
except those who were
in the parachute regiments,”
explained John O’Brien,
installation historian at
Fort Campbell’s Don F. Pratt
Museum.
Soldiers in glider and
parachute regiments,
including the 101st’s 502nd,
501st and 506th Parachute
Infantry Regiments, wore the
standard M-1942 jump suits.
Unlike the standard infantry
uniforms, the jump suits,
worn by paratroopers during
D-Day, featured slanted
pockets on the tunic, and the
pants featured rigger-modified
pockets.
“These uniforms are
very rare nowadays,” said
O’Brien.
Until 1936, Soldiers used
the bolt-action M1903
Springfield as their standardissue
service rifle. During
WWII, the rifle was replaced
with the M1 Garand, a rifle
which was declared by Gen.
George S. Patton Jr. to be
“the greatest battle implement
ever devised.” Following
WWII, the standard issue
rifle was the M14.
Paratrooper units during
this period also used the
Thompson submachine gun,
or “Tommy gun,” because its
stopping power and rate of
fire made it ideal for close
combat situations.
“The Division was deactivated
in 1945 and was not
reactivated until 1956,” said
O’Brien.
“When it was reactivated,
the olive-drab uniform came
back.”
When the 101st began
initial deployments to Vietnam
in 1965, Soldiers were
still wearing these uniforms,
which were 100 percent
cotton. In the densely
humid jungle environments,
the material had
the potential to rot, along
with any equipment
forged from heavy cotton
canvas.
“We see in this era
the beginning of a
material known as
Nomex, a flameretardant
material,”
said
O’Brien.
Taking
the environmental
factors into
account,
the Army
began
to issue
lightweight
jungle
fatigues,
gradually
fashioned out
of a ripstop nylon
material.
For these jungle
warfare expeditions,
Soldiers were
101st through time
Fort Campbell uniforms, weaponry change to suit mission
Every Soldier in the U.S. dressed
in this type of uniform, except
those who were in the parachute
regiments.
John O’Brien,
installation historian
issued the M16 assault rifle
beginning as early as 1963.
By 1969, the M16 was the
standard-issue weapon for
Soldiers in the U.S. Military.
The most common sidearm
in use during this time period
was the M1911 Browning.
See UNIFORM, Page 16
Berets to
A display at the Don F.
Pratt Museum shows
an example of the
three-pattern Desert
Combat Uniform,
issued to Soldiers who
deployed to Iraq in
2003. Soon after, the
Army switched
over to the
MARPATinspired
Army
Combat
Uniform.
An
M16A1
assault rifle,
paired with an M203
grenade launcher. This
weapon combination first
emerged late in the Vietnam era
and is still in use today.
Berettas
A mannequin at Fort
Campbell’s Don F. Pratt
Museum displays the
U.S. Army Desert Battle
Dress Uniform, issued to
Soldiers deployed to the
Middle East for Operations
Desert Storm and Desert
Shield. Because of the colors
and multi-colored pattern,
DBDUs were nicknamed
“chocolate chip
camouflage.”
PHOTOS BY HEATHER CLARK | COURIER

14 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
SCHOOL
Continued from Page 11
“It was designed when
helicopters couldn’t land
because of the triple
canopy, and they would
drop it on top of a tree and
the tree would hold it up
[for Soldiers to land on]…
I remember I grabbed [a
lieutenant] on the belt,
and when he [jumped], he
pulled me out.
“Then that sort of started
this avalanche, and all
eight of us ended up on top
of the platform. We don’t
do that anymore, probably
because we don’t have
triple canopy. Then we
actually had to climb down
out of the tree on rappel
ropes.”
Sam said even though
he was experienced with
air assault concepts before
attending the course, it
helped him become a
better Soldier.
“I thought then, as I do
now, that the school has
great importance in teaching
the technical aspects of
air assault operations,” he
said.
“We were quite familiar
with sling loads and setting
up the LZs and TZs.
But there was always this
fear. Graduating from the
[Air Assault] School and
the experience, it took
away that fear … It instills
confidence in the technical
aspects of air assault operations.”
Sam’s son, Capt. Stephen
Doyle, 1st Squadron, 33rd
Cavalry Regiment, 3rd Brigade
Combat Team, did not
know his father would be
coming to see him graduate.
In fact, Sam even kept
it a secret from his wife as
not to spoil the experience.
“It was a pleasant surprise,”
Stephen said of the
experience and donning
his father’s badge.
With a deployment
under his belt as well as
several other Army schools,
the Soldier said he enjoyed
just “getting up in the bird”
and rappelling.
“They’re the best part of
any operation,” Stephen
said of the aircraft throughout
the week.
In 1994, the school
changed its official name
to the Walter Sabalauski Air
Assault School to honor the
retired command sergeant
major who served with 2nd
Battalion, 502nd Infantry
Regiment, 1st Brigade
in Vietnam. He received
the Distinguished Service
Cross for his actions there.
The Air Assault School
moved to its current location,
Dec. 17, 1999.
While the 101st changed
from an Airmobile distinction
to Air Assault shortly
after the school’s creation
Oct. 4, 1974, Prisock
explains the change was
significant mostly in name
alone at the time, since it
did not alter the standards
at the school.
The concept of air assault
originated around the time
the Division formed, and
the 101st remains the only
air assault division in the
world.
Both the school’s Air
Assault and Pathfinder
courses have received
recognition as Learning
Institutions of Excellence,
which Prisock credits to
the “dedicated cadre” who
come from throughout the
101st and must be interviewed
and accepted to
become part of the staff.
The school continues to
conduct other specialized
training, include Rappel
Master Certification and
Special Patrol Infiltration/
Exfiltration System and
Fast Rope Insertion/Extraction
System Master Certification.
These courses have
been added through the
years to help better suit the
needs of the Division.
With Screaming Eagles
returning to combat, the
Air Assault School’s mission
remains more relevant
than ever.
“[There’s] a need to keep
generating that training
and those trained Soldiers
to be able to service the
Division [in order] to be
able to meet that unique
mission set,” Prisock said.
We Support Our Troops!
101st through time
A CH-47 helicopter carries students training at the Advanced Airborne School. Since its inception in the early 1970s, the Air Assault School has trained
Screaming Eagle Soldiers to perform air assault operations, which includes rappelling, sling loads and more throughout course.
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70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 15
Above, Fort Campbell
Soldiers pass a shopping
cart of water damaged
items to Sgt. Heather South,
159th Combat Aviation
Brigade, 101st Airborne
Division, while cleaning
up Clarksville in May 2011.
Soldiers were given the
day to help the community
recover from the flooding
that affected much of Middle
Tennessee. Right, Private
1st Class Russell Ulrich,
Company B, 1st Battalion,
502nd Infantry Regiment,
2nd Brigade Combat Team,
101st Airborne Division,
tries to stop a soccer ball
during field day activities
at Kenwood Elementary
School, May 12, 2009, as a
part of the unit’s Adopt-a-
School Program.
101st through time
SERVES
Continued from Page 12
Soldiers across post are
changing lives through the
Adopt-a-School program.
Through this opportunity,
area schools partner with
battalions to engage in a
wide range of activities, both
educational and social. The
program promotes a positive
relationship between
the military and the community.
Among those units who
have adopted a local school
include 101st Brigade Troops
Battalion, 101st Sustainment
Brigade, 6th Battalion, 101st
Aviation Regiment, 52nd
Ordnance Group and 320th
Field Artillery Regiment, 4th
Brigade Combat Team.
“It shows how much we
appreciate and care about
the future of our surrounding
communities, but also
because many of the kids in
surrounding communities
are from military Families,
we are also helping care for
children of our fellow service
members,” said Spc. Kyle
M. Hunter, Headquarters
and Headquarters Battery,
4-320th FA.
In addition to working
with local schools, Soldiers
dedicate hours of their time
to work with children in
summer camps at Camp
Hinsch and those children
enrolled in the Exceptional
Family Member Program.
Through Camp We Can,
Soldiers serve as buddies to
the special needs children,
providing assistance and
individualized attention
throughout the camp.
“I’m just excited to get
to come out and play with
kids,” said Spc. Patrick
Hamsing, a Soldier with
227th Group Support Supply
Company in 2010. “[To] have
fun with them. It’s just something
different than working
all the time. When they said
they needed volunteers to
help out, I was actually the
first one to raise my hand.”
Helping Others
Throughout the years,
several Soldiers have gone
Volunteering for the Habitat
for Humanity project gave us
an opportunity to give back to
the local community here and
show our appreciation for that
gratitude.
above and beyond their
duties to help civilians in
the surrounding communities.
Specialist Jose A. Ortiz-
Fernandez of the 63rd
Chemical Company, 101st
Airborne Division, was
awarded the prestigious
Soldier’s Medal in the shadows
of the 101st Airborne
Division Headquarters in
October 2010.
The specialist was
awarded the Soldier’s
Medal for his unselfish act
of valor in June 2010 when
he witnessed a woman
trying to take her own life
by driving her car into the
Cumberland River at the
McGregor Park fishing
ramp, in downtown Clarksville.
The Soldier immediately
dove into the waters of the
murky Cumberland, putting
his own life at risk,
and pulled the lady from
her submerged vehicle and
swam roughly 40 feet with
her to shore.
The Soldier’s Medal is the
highest honor a Soldier can
receive for an act of valor in
a non-combat situation.
Grabbing their hammers,
nails and volunteer
spirit, several Screaming
Eagle units donated their
time to help put the finishing
touches on homes for
neighboring community
Families in need.
The 3rd Platoon, B Co.,
3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry
Regiment, 3rd Brigade
Combat Team, 101st Airborne
Division, helped
with the Mother’s Day Habitat
for Humanity home
Spc. Jonathan Waters,
3rd Brigade Combat Team
2011.
“Volunteering for the
Habitat for Humanity proj-
Spc. Jonathan Waters.
Pathfinders of F Com-
help refurbish the Habi-
Sept. 10, 2011.
deployed, they support
support platoon squad
leader.
Infantry Regiment, 2nd
Brigade Combat Team,
101st Airborne Division,
in Hopkinsville.
medical issues and hous-
of the Habitat for Humanity,
Hopkinsville branch.
502nd Inf. Reg.
help if we needed it.”
We Salute The Veterans, Past & Present.
We proudly salute the brave men and women
of the United States armed forces.
For your bravery. Your courage. Your devotion.
www.fortcampbellcourier.com

16 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
101st through time
The Gateway To
High Adventures
1894 Ft. Campbell Blvd., Clarksville • (931) 647-7800
After arriving in England in 1943, the 101st Airborne Division suffered
shortages of supplies, including shoulder patches. Several large insignia
manufacturers in London completed more patches, including those
shown above.
EAGLE
Continued from Page 10
Although the details of the
patches changed slightly,
the enduring symbols of the
eagle head, black shield and
“Airborne” title remained as
constants.
During the Vietnam War,
the 101st was the only Division
ordered not to subdue
their patches, according to
Bando.
“[The patches] were visible
from a long distance
away,” he said. “When the
enemy saw it, they knew
what they were up against …
not a bunch of push-overs.”
Bando added that recovered
enemy documents
contained orders to avoid
contact with men who wore
the “chicken” patch.
“They didn’t know what
an eagle was,” Bando said,
chuckling.
O’Brien further noted that
the Division wore full-color
patches until 1982.
While the patch’s origin is
firmly established through
stories of Old Abe and Wisconsin’s
8th Volunteer Infantry,
the “Screaming Eagle”
phrase has a blurrier beginning.
“It came from boxing,”
O’Brien said.
Bando confirmed this
fact, as improbable as the
truth may seem. The 502nd
Parachute Infantry Division,
which was the original parachute
unit in the Division,
Bando said, fielded a boxing
team for the Division sports
competition. That team’s
name was the “Screaming
Eagles.”
“It was eventually adopted
as the motto for the whole
Division,” O’Brien said.
Perhaps hidden among the
archives is the reason why
the boxing team chose that
name. Speculation might
bestow a high degree of historical
knowledge on the
athletes, since true historical
accounts claim that Old Abe
was known to “scream.” But
until that shred of evidence
is uncovered, the birth of the
motto can be chalked up to
dumb luck.
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The M79 40mm grenade launcher was used in the Vietnam era. The
lightweight, single-shot launcher was replaced by the M203.
UNIFORM
Continued from Page 13
After Soldiers returned
to Fort Campbell following
the Vietnam War, the green
cotton uniform became the
standard once again.
“The popular nickname
for it is the ‘pickle suit,’”
said O’Brien. “You’d take
the all-green uniform to
the Laundromat and have
it starched. When you put
your legs into the heavily
starched pants, the starch
would break. In those days,
people in the Army would
‘break starch’ twice a day.”
Beginning in Sept. 1981,
woodland camouflage
replaced the monochrome
green, and Fort Campbell
Soldiers wore the Battle
Dress Uniform as the Army
standard. BDUs completely
replaced the olive-drab uniform
in 1989.
In 1990, the M9 Beretta
entered Army service, a
semi-automatic, single/
double-action pistol
designed to “deter, and if
necessary, repel adversaries
by enabling individuals and
small units to engage targets
with accurate, lethal,
direct fire,” according to
army.mil. The M9 remains
a standard issue sidearm.
Since the BDUs were
not considered conducive
to desert landscape environments,
Soldiers who
deployed to the Middle
East for Operations Desert
Storm and Desert Shield
were issued the Desert
Battle Dress Uniform, a
multi-pattern brown and
tan outfit which was given
the nickname of “chocolate
chip camouflage,” because
of its resemblance to cookie
dough. When the U.S.
invaded Iraq in 2003, many
Fort Campbell Soldiers
were deployed with a threepattern
Desert Combat
Uniform.
Similar to Vietnam-era
enlisted, Soldiers in the
Gulf carried the M16 as a
standard-issue assault rifle.
In recent deployments, a
majority of infantry units
were issued the M4 Carbine,
which has been in
military service since 1997.
In Oct. 2004, the USMC
was the first to revamp the
BDU, using a computergenerated
digital pattern
which became known as
the MARPAT. Taking the
MARPAT and using less
saturated colors, the Army
developed the Universal
Camouflage Pattern and
assigned it to the Army
Combat Uniform, which
began widespread circulation
in 2005.
Due to the tepid reception
of the UCP, said to be
less effective than desired
in several environments,
the Army is set to scrap
the digital camouflage uniforms,
and new patterns
will soon be tested at installations
across the country.
“We are looking forward
to getting out into the
woods, into the deserts,
into the transitional areas
and having real Soldiers
wear these uniforms and
have real Soldiers observe
them,” said Col. William
Cole of Program Executive
Office Soldier in a January
interview.
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st
101airborne
THURSDAY, AUGUST 9, 2012
70th Anniversary
1942-2012

18 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
by Kimberly Lewis
Courier editor-in-chief
Immediately upon returning
from a year-long
deployment to Iraq in
February 2004, the 101st Airborne
Division was called
upon to set the standard for
a change unfamiliar to the
entire Army – Army Transformation.
The transformation of the
U.S. Army is nothing less
than the biggest upheaval
in doctrine and equipment
since tanks replaced horses,
said Brig. Gen. Michael Vane,
former deputy chief of staff
for doctrine, U.S. Army Training
and Doctrine Command,
in April 2002.
A change of this scale has
not happened in the 101st
since the 1960s during Vietnam
when the Division
organization changed dramatically,
from an “Airborne”
organization to an “Airmobile”
organization.
To achieve military transformation,
Vane noted, “We
have to change our culture,
we have to change our processes,
adapt to new technologies,
and, in the middle
of this, we have to have an
adaptive mindset.”
Under transformation,
each division created individually
deployable brigade
combat teams, ultimately
increasing the number of
total Army fighting brigades
from 33 to 48. The 101st,
along with the 3rd Infantry
Division and the 10th Mountain
Division, were chosen to
transform first.
“It was very, very sweeping,”
said Col. James Scudieri,
who came to Fort Campbell
from the War College to be the
chief of the Modularity Coordination
Center in charge of
the transformation. “Except
for the help we got from the
3rd Infantry Division who did
not get the chance to transform
completely, like we did,
because they didn’t have the
time. There really was no
precedent.”
The 3rd ID updates were
helpful but they were very
limited in scope so the MCC
was on their own, according
to Scudieri.
“I can’t identify a moment,
but what struck me was the
ability of the Army and the
Fort Campbell family to form
the teams as quickly as we
did,” he said. “We formed
a team rapidly to become
the central point of contact
for Fort Campbell to try and
ensure as much integration
and synchronization for the
transformation of a modular
force as we could.”
The fruits of Department
of Defense transformation
efforts are evident even
today, former defense secretary
Donald H. Rumsfeld
pointed out in a Pentagon
town hall in August 2003,
noting that the recent conflicts
in Afghanistan and Iraq
required “far fewer troops”
and less time to assemble
forces and material than in
past wars.
Today’s military has to be
“more adaptive, more rapidly
than ever before,” the
deputy commander of the
Army Futures Center told
military and civilian officials
attending the Joint Warfare:
Transformation and New
Requirements conference in
June 2004.
The Army Futures Center
turned to the experts for
advice.
“Combatant commanders
need versatile, agile, adaptive
forces that are packaged
101st & Army policy
101st Airborne Division completes Army Transformation
It’s about reorganizing people,
leveraging new equipment and
most importantly, changing the
way we think and how we deal
with the enemy.
Brig. Gen. Michael Oates,
former assistant 101st Airborne Division commander for operations
to go where they need to
go and ready to fight when
they get there,” Maj. Gen.
Robert Mixon said. “That’s
what combatant commanders
need, that’s what the war
[on terror] demands, and
that’s what we’re going to give
them.”
Army Transformation was
implemented to allow for
more rapid deployments and
the creation of a modular
force.
Brigade combat teams,
Mixon said, have reconnaissance
squadrons.
“We haven’t done that
before,” he added. “We’ve
learned that reconnaissance
is the heart of lethality capabilities.
There are human
intelligence teams in every
brigade now. They don’t
come from some other organization
to visit; they live,
eat, sleep and work in the
brigade.”
“The first time the word
‘transformation’ was used as
a key term was 2004,” said Bill
Ehly, in an interview Monday.
Ehly works with the G3
Force Management Force
Integration and was brought
on board as a contractor to
assist with the 101st’s transformation.
“The Division was the
first division to complete the
transformation to the modular
force,” he said.
The Division transformed
into a larger headquarters
organization, the four brigade
combat teams, plus
two aviation brigades and
the sustainment brigade.
The 101st is the only Division
with two aviation brigades
and a brand new 4th Brigade
Combat Team comprised
of Soldiers from the 506th
Infantry Regiment.
The MCC, where Ehly
was assigned, coordinated
the transition from the Division
of yesterday to the Division
of today. Ehly worked
with fielding the equipment
coming in and the training.
He also reviewed documents
and forwarded unit feedback
to the Department of the
Army.
“There were so many
moving parts; we were putting
up temporary shower
facilities, admin areas, more
company areas, an additional
brigade area,” Ehly
said. “There was a lot going
on at one time.”
In March 2005, Brig. Gen.
Michael Oates, former assistant
division commander
for operations, said, “The
transformation is not just
about technology. It’s about
reorganizing people, leveraging
new equipment and
most importantly, changing
the way we think and how we
deal with the enemy.”
Oates continued in saying
that the term “brigade
combat team” is nothing new
to the Army.
“You hear a lot of people
say, ‘well, now we have
BCTs,’” Oates said. “Well,
we’ve always had BCTs. It’s
about how we deal with the
assets that we already have.”
The 101st completed Army
Transformation in March
2005 and later deployed a
second time in support of
Operation Iraqi Freedom.
In November 2005, the
Division Headquarters, the
1st and 3rd Brigade Combat
Teams, and the 101st Combat
Aviation Brigade deployed to
Iraq for a second time. As
Task Force Band of Brothers,
the Division assumed
responsibility for the northern
half of Iraq, the largest
area of operations in the
country. Partnered with four
Iraqi Army divisions, the
Screaming Eagles focused
their efforts on developing
credible Iraqi Security Force
units that were capable of
independent counter-insurgency
operations. This monumental
effort resulted in
vastly improved security and
the transfer of several areas
to Iraqi control prior to the
Division’s redeployment in
October 2006.
Under the new modular
structure, 2nd and 4th Brigade
Combat Teams and the
159th Combat Aviation Brigade
were attached to other
Multinational Division or
Multinational Force commands
elsewhere in Iraq.
“There were weekly briefings
with the commanding
general,” Ehly said. “There
was a lot of thought into what
this new modularity means
to the brigade commanders
and how they fight.”
In May 2006, Secretary
of the Army at the time, Dr.
Francis Harvey, paid a visit to
Iraq to observe the effects of
the U.S. Army’s transformation
on the troops in theater.
Harvey’s visit let him see
the practical application of
the transformation in a war
environment and reconstruction
operations.
“Transformation is the
total redesign of the operational
Army to a brigadecentric
organization from
a division-centric, with the
centerpiece being the brigade
combat team as a standalone,
self-sufficient unit,” he
said. “My assessment is that
the fundamental principal is
exactly what is needed for a
stability and reconstruction
operation.”
Because there isn’t a conventional
power structure in
Iraq, having spread out and
autonomous military units
is adequate to protect and
reconstruct. This also applies
to Afghanistan. It is the units’
ability to be self-sufficient
that makes them so effective
and ideal for missions,
Harvey said.
“[Self-sufficiency] is a very
important characteristic [to
reconstruction operations];
I think it’s very appropriate,”
he said. “It indicates great
insight into transformation.”
The transformation is
also successful in a logistical
sense. Because the brigades
are all standardized, they all
use the same equipment,
Harvey said.
see DIVISION, Page 23
Beyond ‘sick care’
Medical treatment options
adapt to meet Army’s needs
by Emily Brunett
Courier staff
Beginning in 2006, the military
health care system
plunged into an overhaul
aimed at improving care for Soldiers
and their Families. The integration
of select missions was
part of the U.S. Army Medical
Command’s transformation from
a “sick-care” system to a “healthcare”
system – one that emphasizes
prevention and sustaining
good health over the treatment of
diseases.
Dr. (Col.) Gregory Fryer is chief
of Soldier readiness at BACH’s
Integrated Disability Evaluation
System. From 2006 to June 2011,
he served as the chief of primary
care at BACH until accepting his
current position.
He said that in the recent past,
the country’s medical care focus
began to shift from the treatment
of diseases to an emphasis on preventive
care. The Army followed
suit.
“It’s a process over time,” Fryer
said. “Overall, medicine is turning
[toward whole-picture primary
care treatment].”
Fryer said monetary incentives
are given for preventive care,
whereas previously, departments
were given a pot of money to treat
patients.
“Preventive care costs less in the
long run,” he said.
Although Fryer is glad to see
preventive care being rewarded,
he said the process “still hasn’t
gotten there yet.”
“They’re not quite reimbursing
at the rate they should be, if
[preventive care] is the focus,” the
colonel said.
He went on to explain how a
complex measuring system is used
to gauge the depth of care given
to a patient. While doctors may
spend a great deal of time gleaning
information from patients to
aid in their preventive care, he
said the investigating is not monetarily
rewarded at the same rate
as a short procedure, such as one
to remove a mole.
He described this discrepancy
as “unbalanced.” He added that
the current reimbursement system
fails to recognize doctors’ efforts
with uncooperative patients. For
example, if a patient with diabetes
refuses to follow the doctor’s
directions on dieting, exercise
and medication, then the doctor
cannot be rewarded for giving preventive
care measures.
“The provider and the patient
need to have a well-established
relationship,” Fryer said. “It falls
on the responsibility of the patient
to maintain preventive care. Doctors
are not in a parental role…
they work alongside the patients.”
Caring for wounded Soldiers
and their Families has drastically
changed, Fryer noted. For
instance, post-traumatic stress
disorder was not recognized by the
Army until about 10 years ago.
“After the surge [into Iraq], there
was an increase in the amount of
suicides and domestic abuse cases
among Soldiers who were returning
from combat,” he said.
To address this problem, in
2007, the Army created a program
titled “Re-engineering Systems
of the Primary Care Treatment
[of depression and PTSD] in the
Military,” also known as RESPECT-
MIL.
see CARE, Page 23
Specialist Brad Vineyard is prepped by Dr. Marty Litchfield, a physician assistant at Fort
Campbell’s traumatic brain injury clinic, for a quantitative electroencephalograms brain
mapping. Vineyard suffered from a TBI and other injuries after an IED blast while he was
deployed to Afghanistan with the 541st Transportation Company, 106th Transportation
Battalion, 101st Sustainment Brigade. The QEEG brain mapping is just one of many tools
the TBI clinic uses to help treat service members.
To Our
Neighbors at
Fort Campbell...
You’re Our
Heroes
Thank You!
(270)886-9553
(Directly Behind Toyota of Hopkinsville)
14800 Ft. Campbell Blvd.
Oak Grove, KY • 640-4744

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 19
101st & Army policy
Fatal Gander Crash
1985 tragedy impacts Fort Campbell, Army-wide procedures to present day
by Michele Vowell
Courier assistant editor
In the past 70 years, 101st
Airborne Division troops
have fought in numerous
combat actions and wars,
flying to the far reaches of
the globe.
One tragic flight, however,
stands out in the history of
the legendary Screaming
Eagles.
In 1985, the 101st sent
248 Soldiers on a six-month
peacekeeping mission to
Sinai, Egypt, as part of the
Multinational Force and
Observers duty. The troops
were from several different
military units at Fort Campbell,
all attached to 3rd
Battalion, 502nd Infantry
Regiment, 2nd Brigade.
The MFO monitored
Egypt and Israel’s compliance
to the terms of the
Camp David Accords, a
treaty that laid out the
framework for peace
between the two enemies.
The United States and other
nations deployed forces to
the Sinai, a large triangular
peninsula connecting the
two nations.
The morning of Dec. 12,
1985, after six months overseas,
the 2nd Brigade Soldiers
were on their way back
home just in time for the
Christmas holidays.
Arrow Air Flight 1285 was
on the last leg of a journey
that began in Cairo with a
fueling stopover in Cologne,
Germany, and at Gander,
Newfoundland, Canada.
Just after take-off from
Gander Newfoundland
International Airport, the
plane crashed, instantly killing
all 248 troops and the
eight crew members aboard.
According to Canadian
Transport, the airplane got
no higher than 1,000 feet
into the air before crashing.
Canadian aviation officials
Soldiers from 2nd Battalion, 502nd Infantry Brigade, 101st Airborne Division, salute the remains of the 248 101st Soldiers who perished in the crash
of Arrow Air Flight 1285, Dec. 12, 1985, near Gander International Airport in Newfoundland.
later ruled that ice on the
wings caused the crash.
Rumors of the tragedy
spread across Fort Campbell
and to the ears of then-
Chap. (Capt.) Roger Heath,
the Division artillery chaplain.
A year prior, Heath had
deployed to the Sinai with
the Rakkasans (then the 4th
Battalion, 187th Infantry
Regiment).
“The tradition was each
year you meet the [chaplain]
who was coming back,” said
Heath, who is now a retired
colonel. “I was meeting
the guy from 2nd Brigade.
Chaplain [Capt. Troy] Carter
was on the flight.”
Details of the crash were
sketchy. Heath stood and
waited for news in the gym
with Family members and
friends who had gathered
to welcome their Soldiers
home.
Second Brigade Commander,
Col. John Herrling,
walked to the middle of the
gym floor and announced
that the plane carrying
the Soldiers had crashed.
“There are no survivors,”
said Herrling.
As screams and cries of
relatives filled the gymnasium,
Heath said other
chaplains and chaplain’s
assistants on site did what
they could to help.
“We just stayed with
Families and held them and
talked to them most of the
morning,” he said.
The Dec. 12, 1985, crash
of the Arrow Air charter
flight at Gander still remains
the worst peacekeeping
mission air tragedy in the
history of Canada and the
United States military.
The recovery operation
took several weeks, Heath
said.
“There was just a lot of
waiting,” he said.
Dover Detail
Major Gen. Burton Patrick,
101st Airborne Division
and Fort Campbell
commander at the time of
the crash, insisted that the
remains of the Soldiers who
died at Gander be escorted
by 101st Soldiers.
“So every Soldier, once
they left Dover, had an
escort to take them back
to their home town or
back to Arlington National
Cemetery or wherever the
Family wanted them to go,”
explained Herrling in a 2010
interview.
Just days after the crash,
several Soldiers with the
2nd Battalion, 502nd Infantry
Regiment, 2nd Brigade,
were notified that their holiday
leave was canceled and
they were to prepare for
funeral detail at Dover Air
Force Base in Delaware.
“I recall arriving at Dover
and seeing a large hangar
filled with flag draped coffins.
It was very quiet. All
were in formation just as if
they were awaiting orders
to stand down,” said Jeff
Hummel, a Missouri native
and a former member of
the 2/502nd, in a 2010 interview.
Even after the New Year,
Company CO’s and XO’s,
along with platoon leaders,
were still taking part in the
on-site funeral details after
Dover.
“We rendered the same
honors to everyone on that
plane. No matter their rank.
It was a privilege and an
unfortunate highlight to my
military career,” said Bob
Courtney, a New York native,
and former member of the
2/502nd, in a 2010 interview.
“I will never forget the
experience.”
Honoring those fallen service
members with proper
funerals and taking care of
their grieving Families was
bigger than Fort Campbell
could handle, Heath said.
The post reached out to
other Army posts and other
branches of the military to
get the job done respectfully
and efficiently.
“With the number of
chaplains at Fort Campbell
there was no way that
we could take care of 248
funerals and Families by
ourselves, so it became an
Army-wide and a DoD-wide
mission where other posts
had to chip in and help. The
Air Force, the Navy, Marines
and other Army posts all
chipped in to help take care
of Families,” Heath said.
Medical Records
That one tragic moment at
Gander changed the way the
installation and the Army
deployed and how medical
and personal records for
deploying Soldiers are handled,
Heath said.
“The medical records were
on [Arrow Air Flight 1285]
with the medical officer.
Those records were burned
– dental records, medical
records …,” Heath said.
“It was a real zoo trying to
collect dental records from
all over the world to positively
identify remains.”
see GANDER, Page 22
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2 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
COMMENTARY
101st in combat
Division celebrates 70 years of history
Maj. Gen. James C. McConville,
101st Abn. Div. Commander
Today, on the 70th anniversary
of our great Division, like every
day, it’s truly a privilege to serve
in the 101st Airborne Division
with the greatest Air Assault Soliers
in the world. We have been
eft a proud legacy by those who
ave served before us and we are
onored to carry on the heritage.
On this special occasion, I
alute every Screaming Eagle,
ast and present. All who have
worn our famous patch can be
justifiably proud of having been
art of something larger than
hemselves, part of a Division
hat has repeatedly made critical
ontributions to the protection
of America’s freedoms and way of
life for the past seven decades. We
truly have a history of valor.
As we celebrate our 70th Anniversary,
we can look back on a
truly storied past, and we can look
forward to what undoubtedly is
history yet to be made. As it was
70 years ago, it is an honor to wear
the Screaming Eagle patch.
In 1942, this Division’s first
commander, Maj. Gen. William C.
Lee, told his troops, “We have no
history, but we have a rendezvous
with destiny.” Those words have
proved prophetic, and since then,
the Division has had innumerable
“Rendezvous with Destiny.”
From Normandy to Afghanistan,
the 101st has fought our
nation’s wars, kept the peace in
troubled lands, and protected the
American way of life with valor,
dedication and honor.
The 101st has served this country
proudly for the past seven
decades. Normandy, Eindhoven,
Bastogne and Berchtesgarden are
forever part of our lineage. The
troopers of the 187th Airborne
Regimental Combat Team – now
the core of our 3rd Brigade – left
their mark at Sukchon, Sunchon
and “Bloody Inje” in Korea.
In the jungles of Vietnam, the
Division helped pioneer a new
form of combat with the introduction
of airmobile operations,
using the helicopter as both a
combat platform and a combat
multiplier. During the Division’s
long deployment in Vietnam,
Hue, Thau Thien Province and
the A Shau Valley all bore witness
to the “can-do” execution of the
101st.
Vertical envelopment by helicopter
and deep helicopter
attacks were featured prominently
again during the Gulf War,
in which the 101st conducted the
largest and longest air assaults
in history, cutting off the Iraqi
Army’s escape and reinforcement
routes through the Euphrates
River Valley. And numerous
units of Screaming Eagles have
carried out peace enforcement
and peacekeeping operations in
Somalia, Panama, Kosovo and the
Sinai.
In the wake of 9/11, the Division
played a large role in the war
on terrorism. In 2003, the Division
deployed to Iraq and fought
its way from Najaf, through
Karbala and Hillah. Later the
Division moved to northern Iraq
and assumed responsibility for
Mosul. During that time, the
Screaming Eagles underwrote the
completion of 54,000 reconstruction
projects, killed Uday and
Quasay Hussein, and captured
over 500 insurgents. Over the next
nine years the Division and its
transformed brigades have consistently
provided forces to Operation
Iraqi Freedom, Operation
Enduring Freedom and Operation
New Dawn. Units from
the Division have helped train
Afghan and Iraqi security forces,
supported many construction
projects, eliminated terrorist
threats and set conditions for
eventual transfer of authority to
host-nation control.
We can now add Kandahar,
Bagram, Baghdad and Tikrit to
the list of places where the 101st
has left its mark.
As we honor our past, however,
we must also look to the future.
There are still threats to our country
and the 101st will undoubtedly
be called upon again.
Our Army is the strength of
the nation. Our Soldiers are the
strength of our Army. Our Families
are the strength of our Soldiers.
And our communities are
the strength of our Families.
The American people trust us
to secure their future and when
the nation calls, we will be ready
– and wherever we go – we will
succeed, we will win! Our Soldiers
and units are highly trained, disciplined
and fit – ready to deploy
together, fight together and win
together.
COMMENTARY
Anniversaries are set times to remember our past
Kimberly Lewis,
Courier Editor
I would like to take this
opportunity to give a little
background on the photos
the Courier staff chose to
lead our front pages of the
70th Anniversary Edition.
On June 18, 2010, Army
Public Affairs lost one of its
best journalists that I had
the opportunity to work
with in my past 10 years of
service.
Staff Sgt. James P. Hunter,
2nd Brigade Combat Team,
101st Airborne Division,
was killed while walking on
patrol through the streets
of Kandahar, Afghanistan.
He was the first, and Godwilling
the only, Army journalist
killed in action since
the operations began.
At 25 years old, his life
was cut short doing something
he was passionate
about. He had a passion for
telling the Soldier’s story.
He captured the stories
most don’t talk about – the
stories of Soldiers doing
good things for the people
of Afghanistan and Iraq.
Unfortunately, because
of the individuals who
oppose the mission in
Afghanistan, Hunter’s voice
has been silenced. The Soldier’s
story, as Hunter saw
it, will no longer be told.
Hunter’s death hit me
exceptionally hard. In the
11 years we’ve been in Iraq
and Afghanistan, he is the
first Soldier that was killed
that I knew personally and
professionally. He is the
first Soldier that I’m able to
put a face and voice to, out
of the thousands that have
been killed to date.
As the editor of the Fort
Campbell Courier, I am
one of the first to receive
the release of those killed
in action. It pains me every
time to know that these
Soldiers are dying to preserve
my freedom.
As Hunter’s editor, I knew
what he enjoyed doing and
what he was good at doing.
I was able to read every
word that Hunter wrote
and look at every fantastic
photo that he took over
the three years we worked
together.
I can tell you he truly
loved to do stories during
his deployments. He loved
to be out on the front lines
with the Soldiers.
Every photograph he
ever took was out of this
world and usually carried
the front page, so it was
only fitting that his photos
would lead the front pages
of the 70th Anniversary
Edition.
There are very few
photos of Hunter serving
in uniform because he
was doing what he enjoyed
– taking photos of other
Soldiers and telling the Soldier’s
story.
Hunter had a passion for
everything he did in life. He
cared about other people
whether he knew them
or not. He always put his
“all” into every task he was
assigned.
It saddens me that I was
not able to say goodbye to
Hunter because I was on
maternity leave when he
swung by my office.
I continue to miss
Hunter and continue to
bring his work to the front,
sharing his story with whoever
will listen.
I know he’s in good
hands now, but I’m really
upset he was taken from
this world so soon.
Please pray every day for
all our Soldiers who have
served and continue to
serve to protect the freedoms
we enjoy.
In Memory:
Staff Sgt. James P. Hunter
1985-2010
Staff Sgt. James P. Hunter views his photos while following other Soldiers of 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, during a
field training exercise. Hunter’s face was rarely in front of the camera, as his job as an Army journalist was to record the lives of Soldiers –
whether they were training at Fort Campbell or patrolling the streets of Afghanistan. Hunter died completing his duty, June 18, 2010, while
deployed with Strike in Afghanistan. This section is dedicated to his memory, as well as all the other service members who have given their
lives for our freedom.
Thanks To The Men and Women of
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20 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
101st & Army policy
Girl power:
Women’s roles evolve from WAC days
by Heather Clark
Courier staff
Since the earliest American
Soldiers took up arms
to fight for freedom in the
Revolutionary War, women have
been ingrained in the military
world.
In the early days of combat,
female roles were largely supportive
to the war effort, with
volunteers assisting Soldiers as
seamstresses and mess cooks.
It was during the World War I
years that women began to have
a more vital impact on the American
Army.
Of the 35,000 females serving
in the military during this
time frame, more than half were
dedicated to caring for Soldiers
as members of the Army Nurse
Corps. Often braving danger at or
near the front lines of battle, they
were invaluable fixtures throughout
each American military campaign.
The concept of women serving
outside of the ANC was not
largely explored until the 1940s,
when the United States found
itself on the brink of a second
global conflict. In May of 1942,
Congress gave approval to the
creation of the Women’s Army
Auxiliary Corps, following a bill
introduced by the Honorable
Edith Nourse Rogers.
In 1943, the WAAC was converted
from auxiliary to standard
Army status, and members
became part of the Women’s
Army Corps.
Fort Campbell, then known
as Camp Campbell, saw its first
influx of WAC personnel on St.
Patrick’s Day, 1943.
Until its deactivation in 1946,
the 1580th Service Command
Unit WAC Detachment supplemented
the camp through jobs
areas such as finance, range and
post headquarters and armory
repair.
From World War II through the
Vietnam War, the WAC continued
to expand and innovate.
Cheryl Harvey Hill joined the
WAC in 1962 to serve while the
nation fought in Vietnam.
“There wasn’t a whole lot
expected of women in my generation,”
she said. “Success was
measured by who you married,
pretty much.”
Not wanting to settle, Hill did
her basic training at Fort McClellan,
Ala. and served two years
at Fort Gordon, Ga. before leaving
service due to pregnancy. In
1972, she was approached by
a recruiter in California with a
unique opportunity to join the
1/144th in the Army National
Guard.
“I thought it was a joke,” said
Hill.
“I was like, ‘That’s field artillery;
I can’t go in there.’ It was a
combat unit.”
It was no joke; and in 1972,
Hill became the first woman in
Army history to be assigned to a
field artillery combat battalion.
She served roughly two years as
a journalist and recruiter until a
breast cancer diagnosis forced
her to end service once again.
Determined to join again, she
rejoined her unit in 1982, serving
until her husband, a fellow
Soldier, received orders for Germany.
“I loved the Army,” said Hill. “It
was just a really amazing time in
my life, and I was very proud to
be the first female in combat field
artillery.”
By 1975, weapons training
became mandatory procedure
for the WAC.
As women continued to branch
their skills and abilities, many of
which matched their male counterparts,
the idea of keeping the
corps as a separate entity became
archaic.
Male and female Soldiers
began combined basic training
in 1977, following a successful
test run at Fort Jackson, S.C.
The Women’s Army Corps was
officially discontinued as a separate
corps of the Army in October
1978.
One year later, an order by
the Secretary of the Army made
enlistment qualifications equal
for men and women.
The merging of genders in military
branches all but eliminated
An armorer from the Women’s Army Corps repairs a 1903 Springfield rifle at Camp Campbell, Ky., 1944.
potential gender-based barriers.
One of the last remaining
debates regarded women serving
on the front lines of battle.
Following more than a decade of
fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan,
military officials have revised
policy in reflection of the realities
of the war being fought.
“The battle space we have
experienced in Afghanistan and
Iraq require our forces to be distributed
across the country,” said
Virginia Penrod, deputy under
secretary of defense for military
personnel, in a February interview.
“There is no rear area that
exists in this battle space. Continuing
to restrict positions as
solely on being co-located with
direct combat units has become
irrelevant.”
see WAC, Page 21
COURTESY PHOTO | NATIONAL ARCHIVES
Cheryl Harvey
Hill (then Cheryl
Harvey) poses
for a photo in
uniform after
being named
WAC of the
month in August
1964. She joined
the Army when
the U.S. went to
war in Vietnam.
“It was just
something you
did,” she said.
“If you could
serve, you
served.”
Here’s to the
HEROES
Thank you for your
unwavering dedication,
commitment and courage
in defending our nation.
Happy 70th Anniversary
101st Airborne Division
(Air Assault)
Ky. State Senator
Joey
Pendleton
Paid for by Joey Pendleton, Dr. John Heltsley, Treasurer

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 21
101st & Army policy
FEMALEsoldiers
Private 1st Class
Janelle Zalkovsky,
101st Airborne
Division, provides
security in Ibriam
Jaffes, Iraq. Woman
can now be found in a
multitude of different
roles throughout
not only the Army,
but all branches of
the U.S. military.
At right, Lt. Col.
Sandra McNaughton,
a Blanchfield
Army Community
Hospital Family
nurse practitioner
who provided
care on medical
missions throughout
Afghanistan, applies
a healing ointment to
a young boy’s nose
during a MEDCAP in
Arghandab district,
Kandahar province,
Sept. 22, 2008. During
missions in Iraq and
Afghanistan in recent
years, female Soldiers
helped the nations’
women and children
in ways that male
Soldiers were unable
or culturally forbidden
to do.
WAC
U.S. ARMY PHOTO
Continued from Page 20
In February, the Department
of Defense unveiled
a new policy which opened
combat-related jobs to
women, opening an additional
3 percent of Army jobs
and six occupational specialties
to female Soldiers.
While women are still prohibited
from positions in
infantry, armor and special
operations, they can now
be given the opportunity to
perform their duties within
battalions, which put them
closer to the fight.
The policy began testing
in May within nine Army brigades.
In keeping with a tradition
of pioneering within the
Army, Fort Campbell’s 4th
Brigade Combat Team is one
of the nine that will offer new
challenges and opportunities
to the female Soldier.
To All The
Soldiers Of
Fort Campbell...
On behalf of everyone at
Avion Solutions, we proudly
support our troops and
military personnel who have
selflessly served to preserve
American freedom.
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22 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
Canadian Janice
Johnston,
16, plants
a Canadian
sugar maple
sapling at Fort
Campbell’s Task
Force 3-502nd
Memorial Tree
Park Sept.
20, 1986. At
right, Janice
Johnston Nikkel
returned to the
memorial grove
in July 2010, a
quarter century
after starting
a campaign to
establish the
living memorial
for the 256
101st Airborne
Division
Soldiers and
flight crew
members who
died in a plane
crash at Gander
in 1985.
101st & Army policy
Retired Maj. Gen. John
Herrling, 2nd Brigade
commander at the time
of the Gander crash,
and retired Col. John D.
Mooneyham, honorary
colonel of the 502nd Infantry
Regiment, carry wreaths
during the 25th Gander
Memorial ceremony, Dec.
12, 2010, to honor the 248
Soldiers who perished in the
worst peace-keeping plane
crash in U.S. military history
at Gander, Newfoundland,
Canada, Dec. 12, 1985. At
left, Yang Johnson, widow,
softly touches the engraved
name of her husband, Staff
Sgt. Ravon L. Johnson,
during the ceremony. Many
Families return for the
ceremony each year.
GANDER
Continued from Page 19
Heath noted that the use
of email and the Internet to
store and share information
was not a viable option
27 years ago.
“We didn’t have the technology
in those days that
we do now,” he said. “In
those days it was all paper,
hand-carried copies. If you
lost it, it was gone.
“[Gander] kind of
changed the way the military
looked at those precious
records. We didn’t
have to do that before.
Somebody kept them
somewhere,” Heath added.
“When entire units deploy,
it became important to
separate the deploying
Soldier from his records
in case something like this
happened.”
Heath said the need for
all Soldiers to finalize their
wills and establish powers
of attorney before deploying
became more evident
after Gander.
“Some of those things
were not nailed down very
good. We just assumed
the guys did it,” he said.
“That now, it’s just an
iron-clad ‘you must do it.’
I think that’s a good thing.
It took a tragedy, probably,
to reinforce that, but
it’s something the Army
learned from.”
Memorial Grove
Canadian Janice Johnston
Nikkel was only
15 when she heard the
tragic news of the crash at
Gander. The teenager from
Oakville, Ontario, wanted
to reach out to the Families
of the fallen Fort Campbell
Soldiers.
She wrote to the Toronto
Star newspaper that she
planned to donate her babysitting
money to buy trees
to plant as a living memorial
to the Soldiers who
died in her country.
Word of the memorial
idea and Janice’s $20 donation
to the cause spread
globally. World leaders and
celebrities commended the
teen’s efforts with phone
calls, telegrams, letters and
$1,700 in donations.
On Sept. 20, 1986, Janice’s
dream for a living
memorial became a reality.
The 16-year-old and
her family traveled from
Canada to Fort Campbell to
formally dedicate the grove
of Canadian sugar maple
saplings during a special
memorial ceremony.
Dedicated were 256 trees
representing the 248 Soldiers
and eight crew members
who died at Gander.
The grove of trees is
located on the installation
between Normandy and
Screaming Eagle boulevards.
Patrick noted that the gift
from Janice and Canada
honored those who died.
“To be forgotten is to
die in vain,” Patrick said.
“Today [Janice and her
fellow Canadians] have
seen to it that our fallen
Soldiers will not be forgotten.”
The division commander
and Janice read the inscription
on a bronze plaque
she had bought to mark
the grove site. The plaque
reads:
“Donated by the People
of Canada to the 101st
Airborne Division (Air
Assault) in memory of the
248 courageous Soldiers
who died in Gander, Newfoundland,
December 12,
1985. Each tree stands as a
living memorial. The forest
testifies to their united
commitment to global
peacekeeping. Blessed are
the peacemakers. St. Matthew
5, verse 9.”
Janice and her family
visited the mature grove in
the summer of 2010, nearly
25 years after the crash.
“To the Families who
lost a loved one 25 years
ago, my hope was that this
Memorial Park would be
like a living memorial testifying
to the sacrifice your
loved ones made in service
for your country,” she said.
“We wanted you to know
that as Canadians, we
cared. They are not forgotten.”
Sometimes
there’s a price
to keeping the
peace ...
John Herrling,
2nd Brigade commander in 1985
Remembering Today
Each Dec. 12, Soldiers
with 2nd Brigade Combat
Team gather at the grove
of trees to remember those
who perished at Gander.
At the annual ceremony,
troops place a wreath at
the stone memorial at the
edge of Wickham Avenue
to honor their fallen brothers
in arms.
Many Family members
and friends of the fallen
attend the ceremony each
year and visit their Soldier’s
tree.
Each tree now has a
plaque at its base bearing
the name and rank of the
fallen Soldier.
This December will mark
the 27th anniversary of that
fateful day.
“It really is a tragedy and
it just points out the fact
that they were on a peacekeeping
mission and keeping
the peace is sometimes
a very difficult thing to do,”
said Herrling, just before
the 25th anniversary of the
crash.
“Sometimes there’s a
price to keeping the peace
and in the case of those
Soldiers they paid a very
dear price and so did their
Family and friends for their
service in the Sinai.”
Heath said the Gander
tragedy impacted his Army
career as a chaplain and
affected many Soldiers and
Families’ lives forever.
“It kind of took our innocence,”
Heath said.
“We realized tragedy can
happen not just on the battlefield,
but also on the way
to or from. [With] any kind
of peacekeeping [mission]
or [on] battlefields, tragedies
can happen.”
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70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 23
101st & Army policy
DIVISION
Continued from Page 18
This allows “stay-behind”
equipment which can be
passed from unit to unit as
they redeploy back to America.
Having equipment stay
behind saves money.
“It’s very important from a
cost-effective point of view,”
he said.
Fort Campbell entered the
final phases of the Army’s
historic modular transformation
in late 2006. In this
phase, the XVIII Airborne
Corps shed its peacetime
command responsibilities for
the 101st Airborne Division
– a relationship that began
prior to the 1944 invasion of
Holland, and the Division
became a direct reporting
unit to Forces Command.
Additional command and
control changes saw Fort Lee,
Virginia’s 49th Quartermaster
Group, join the Fort Campbell
family.
“The revolution in training
in the ‘80s and ‘90s ... makes
us the best Army on the face
of the planet,” said Lt. Gen.
Joseph L. Yakovac, the military
deputy to the assistant
secretary of the Army for
acquisition, logistics and
technology in November
2005.
Rumsfeld noted in 2003
that Operation Iraqi Freedom
was the most “joint” U.S. war
in history.
The Defense Department
must continue its transformational
march even as it has
“the war on terror to pursue
and win,” Rumsfeld emphasized,
so that the armed services
“will be able to meet the
challenges that we face and
to deter future adversaries
from posing new threats to
the people of our country.”
TRANSFORMATIONchanges
Specialist Brad Vineyard, 541st Transportation Company, 106th Transportation
Battalion, 101st Sustainment Brigade, takes part in the Military Functional Assessment
Program with the Traumatic Brain Injury Clinic at Fort Campbell in November 2011.
The week-long training helps medical personnel evaluate Soldiers’ rehabilitation in a
non-clinical atmosphere.
CARE
Continued from Page 18
“RESPECT-MIL is a program
directed by The Army Surgeon
General to provide primary-care
based screening, assessment,
treatment and referral of Army
Soldiers with depression and
post-traumatic stress disorder,”
RESPECT-MIL’s website states.
In 2004, the Army instituted the
Army Wounded Warrior Program,
creating tailored battalions on
many posts, including Fort Campbell.
According to its website, the Warrior
Transition Battalion’s purpose
is “to prepare Soldiers to return to
their active duty unit or to become
successful Army veterans in civilian
life through medical and physical
treatment and transitioning assistance.”
Fort Campbell instituted these
objectives thoroughly, through the
creation of IDES, the construction
of Wounded Warrior barracks, and
rehabilitation options, like adaptive
sports.
Sergeant 1st Class Landon
Ranker, Warrior Transition Battalion,
acts as the head of the post’s
adaptive sports program. Ranker
had a background in fitness before
joining the Army, but originally
joined as an infantryman in 1992.
... they have to get into an outside
environment ... Getting out in real life
and doing things … improves their
quality of life.
Following a series of traumatic
brain injuries which left him unable
to function in the field, Ranker
was assigned to a WTB. Upon his
release, he faced a choice.
“The Army has two options
[for Soldiers unable to return to
combat],” Ranker said. “They will
reclassify you and train you for a
less demanding job, or let you medically
retire out of the Army.”
Ranker expressed a passion for
serving in the Army, and said at
the time, he was depressed by his
inability to return to active duty
and the possibility of being retired.
After speaking with his occupational
therapist, Ranker was given
the opportunity to help form the
adaptive sports program for current
warriors.
The program offers many sports
to recovering Soldiers, including
cycling, basketball and swimming.
Sgt. 1st Class Landon Ranker,
Warrior Transition Battalion
The activities are molded to each
Soldier’s needs and disabilities,
like providing specially-equipped
wheel chairs for adaptive basketball.
“We help push the threshold
[for physical activity] in therapy,”
Ranker said. “But to really push it,
they have to get into an outside
environment … Getting out in real
life and doing things … improves
their quality of life.”
Ranker explained how Soldiers
who are intensely involved in adaptive
sports have habitually needed
fewer medications.
“In a lot of cases, they won’t take
any eventually,” he said.
The Army offers many services
aimed toward providing adequate,
up-to-date and preventive health
care to Soldiers and Families. As
Fryer said, more improvements can
be made, but progress is a process.
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ATTORNEY AT LAW
(270) 886-1258
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24 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
HAPPY 70 TH
ANNIVERSARY
101 ST !
Fort Campbell
with all our
heartfelt sincerity
we thank you for
all the years of
support you’ve
given to our
community
and country.
Located inside the Kentucky New Era
1618 E. 9th St., Hopkinsville, KY
270-885-7667
email: mchambers@timesleader.net

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 25

26 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 3
101st in combat
101st Airborne continues proud defense of U.S. soil
by Yvette Smith
Courier staff
The Screaming Eagles are
one of the most deployed
and recognized Divisions
in the U.S. Army, with a combat
record spanning from the paratroopers
of World War II to the
Security Force Assistance Teams
deployed in Afghanistan today.
World War II
The 101st Airborne Division,
following its activation and initial
training, embarked for the
European theater of operations
in September 1943, continuing
its training. In the early morning
hours of June 6, 1944, later
known as D-Day, the Division
parachuted into the Contentin
Peninsula. The Screaming Eagles
were the first Allied Soldiers to
set foot onto occupied France.
Charged with clearing the way at
the Omaha beachheads for the
4th Infantry Division, the Division
ultimately linked the Utah
and Omaha beachheads and liberated
the city of Carentan. The
Screaming Eagles returned from
the European theatre of operations
after a month of combat.
Their purpose for the return was
to continue training and prepare
for future operations.
On Sept. 17, 1944, the Screaming
Eagles jumped into the Netherlands,
heading Operation
Market Garden. Holding a narrow
16-mile corridor through enemyheld
territory, the Division fought
for 72 days. In late-November
1944, the Division returned to
France to rest and reassemble,
however, their time there was
short.
In mid-December 1944, the
101st Airborne Division was unexpectedly
recalled to the front.
During the Battle of the Bulge,
their mission was to counteract
the massive German offensive
through the Ardennes Mountain
region. Defending a critical
road junction at Bastogne, Belgium,
the Screaming Eagles were
surrounded by German enemy
forces that demanded their surrender.
Brig. Gen. Anthony McAuliffe
famously replied, “To the
German commander: Nuts! – The
101st Airborne Division Soldiers display a Nazi flag after overrunning a German regiment during World War II. Screaming Eagles
Soldiers experienced their first test as a division during Normandy invasion, where 101st Division paratroopers were dropped in just
after midnight on D-Day.
American commander,” and the
Screaming Eagles continued to
fight on until the siege was lifted.
While the siege of Bastogne was
broken Dec. 26, 1944, it wasn’t
until mid-January 1945 that the
fighting stopped. Allied units
were able to effectively reduce
Nazi gains in the Ardennes
salient.
Attacking the core of Germany
through the Ruhr Valley, the
Screaming Eagles chased retreating
German forces into Bavaria.
In spring 1945, the 101st Airborne
Division liberated the Landsberg
concentration camp and seized
Hitler’s mountaintop retreat in
Bertchtesgaden.
At the end of World War II, 101st
Airborne Division was assigned
to occupation duties in Germany,
Austria and France. The Division
was then inactivated on Nov. 30,
1945.
The beginning of the post-war
period marked a broken existence
for the Screaming Eagles.
During this period, the Division
experienced several reactivations
and inactivations, at both Fort
Jackson, S.C., and Camp Breckinridge,
Ky.
On Sept. 21, 1956, reactivation
ceremonies marked the return
of the 101st Airborne Division
to active duty at Fort Campbell,
Ky. The Screaming Eagles would
become the Army’s first nuclear
capable Pentomic Division.
Civil Rights
On Sept. 24, 1957, paratroopers
from the 101st Airborne Division,
on orders by President Dwight D.
Eisenhower, were sent to Little
Rock, Ark., to help end America’s
racial divide. The Division’s mission
was not one of familiarity,
such as combat in foreign lands.
The Screaming Eagles were there
to enforce the 1954 Supreme
Court ruling ending school segregation
in Brown vs. Board of Education.
The Soldiers of 101st Airborne
Division arrived to end a threeweek
standoff. According to Capt.
Jim Page, 101st Airborne Division
historian, the Fort Campbellbased
101st Airborne Division
was chosen for Operation Arkansas
because of its ability to deploy
quickly and on short notice.
In early September, then Arkansas
Governor Orval Faubus activated
the state’s National Guard
to keep the black students, who
became known as the “Little Rock
Nine,” from entering the school.
The Soldiers of the 1st Airborne
Battle Group, 327th Infantry Regiment,
met little resistance as they
escorted nine black students to
and from Central High School.
Vietnam War
On July 29, 1965, the 1st Brigade,
101st Airborne Division,
was ordered to the Republic of
Vietnam. As the first brigade of
the Division to enter Vietnam,
they earned the nickname “The
Nomads of Vietnam.”
The remainder of the Division
was ordered to Vietnam in
late 1967. On Jan. 31, 1968, the
enemy launched the most prevalent
single attack of the war, the
Tet Offensive. Throughout the
assault, the 101st engaged in
combat operations extending
as far south as Saigon and as far
north as Quang Tri Province.
see DEFENSE, Page 4
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4 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
EFENSE
ontinued from Page 3
In August 1968, the
Screaming Eagles earned a
new designation, the 101st
Airborne Division (Airmobile),
after shedding their
parachutes in exchange
for helicopter operations.
After the Tet Offensive, the
Division settled into Thua
Thien Province. They continued
offensive operations
there until redeployment
to the United States in
early 1972. In almost seven
years of combat in Vietnam,
elements of the 101st
participated in numerous
campaigns. Notable among
these were the Battle of
Hamburger Hill in 1969 and
Firebase Ripcord in 1970.
The post-Vietnam period
was a time of change for
the Army and the 101st Airborne
Division. In February
1974, then-Maj. Gen. Sidney
Berry signed Division General
Order 179 authorizing
wear of the new Airmobile
qualification badge, which
was later renamed the Air
Assault Badge. Reflecting
a shift in structure and
orientation, the Division
was re-designated as the
101st Airborne Division (Air
Assault), Oct. 4, 1974.
Sinai/Humanitarian/
Peacekeeping
In late March 1982, elements
of the 101st Airborne
Division began six-month
deployments to the Sinai
Peninsula as members of
the Multinational Force of
Observers, supporting the
commitment of the United
States to the peacekeeping
force established under the
terms of the 1979 Egypt-
Israeli peace treaty.
Throughout 1984, the
Division participated in
15 major exercises in the
United States, Germany,
Honduras and Egypt. These
exercises allowed the 101st
Airborne Division to maintain
the readiness needed
to fulfill their assigned missions
which required rapid
deployment worldwide
using the unique capabilities
of an air assault division.
In 1985, what was a seemingly
routine MFO tour of
duty for the 3rd Battalion
of the 502nd Infantry ended
in tragedy for the 101st
Airborne Division. Returning
to Fort Campbell from
the Sinai on Dec. 12, 1985,
248 Screaming Eagles were
killed in an aircraft crash
near Gander, Newfoundland.
The later 1980s and
early 1990s, were busy and
demanding times for the
101st Airborne Division,
seeing numerous deployments
in support of stability
and support operations
worldwide. The Division
was involved in many different
and unusual missions
that were atypical for an
Army division at the time.
The 101st Airborne Division
and Fort Campbellbased
units were deployed
to humanitarian relief
efforts and peacekeeping
missions in Somalia, Haiti,
the Sinai Peninsula, Central
and South America, Bosnia,
Kosovo and Honduras.
101st in combat
Persian Gulf War
It was 2:38 in the morning,
Jan. 17, 1990, when
the 101st Airborne Division
Screaming Eagles
fired the first shots in the
allied war against Iraq and
its occupation of neighboring
Kuwait.
The mission, known as
“Task Force Normandy,”
involved two teams of
Apache attack helicopters
from the Division’s 1st
Battalion, 101st Aviation
Regiment. They destroyed
two Iraqi radar posts
about 20 minutes before
allied fighter jets roared
into Baghdad.
The Division deployed
for six months to the
Middle East in support of
Operations Desert Shield
and Desert Storm. The
Screaming Eagles conducted
the longest and
largest air assault operations
to date during the
Liberation of Kuwait,
effectively securing Iraqi
territory in the Euphrates
River Valley.
see DEFENSE, Page 5
A 101st
Airborne
Division
Soldier wades
through mud
and water
during a
mission in
Vietnam.
Many
operations
during the
war took
place in
challenging
conditions,
due to the
climate and
landscape of
the country.
Below, a
Screaming
Eagle Soldier
fires a rocket
propelled
anti-tank
weapon, more
commonly
known as
a bazooka,
during a
mission in
Vietnam.

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 5
101st in combat
Several M-998 high-mobility, multipurpose, wheeled vehicles of the 1st Brigade, 101st Airborne Division, await orders to convoy into
Iraq during Operation Desert Storm. Right, Sgt. Mark Speakman and Spc. Joshua Ingram, both 2nd Platoon, Bravo Troop, 1st Squadron,
75th Cavalry, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Divison, secure the second floor of a home in the Jefrmila neighborhood of
Ghazaliyah, Iraq, Sept. 5, 2008.
DEFENSE
Continued from Page 4
The 101st Airborne Division
sustained no Soldiers killed
in action during the 100-hour
war and captured thousands of
enemy prisoners of war. With the
announcement of the cease-fire
in February 1991, the Division
redeployed back home in May
1991.
1991 through 2001
The Division spent 1991-2001
all over the world. Fort Campbell-based
units deployed to
Central and South America for
hurricane relief, civil assistance
projects, peacekeeping, peace
enforcement, and other doctrinal
missions that are wrapped
into military operations.
Bits and pieces of 101st Airborne
Division deployed as
multi-national forces observers,
to monitor the border between
Egypt and Israel in the Sinai Peninsula,
in Honduras and Cuba to
guard Cuban migrants.
The Division is also part of
the United Nations mission in
Haiti. In 1995, part of 1st Brigade,
101st Airborne Division, went
to Port-au-Prince, Haiti, where
they became part of the United
Nation’s mission to provide order
in the capital of Haiti in the wake
of a transfer of power within the
civil government. As part of the
U.N., they helped monitor the
border and assisted in the activity
and transfer of power. First
Brigade became part of Joint
Task Force Bastogne during this
time.
The 101st Airborne Division
also had Soldiers in Saudi Arabia
guarding patriot batteries in
the aftermath of Desert Storm;
the Division filled a requirement
in Saudi Arabia to provide
local security on patriot batteries
during that time. The Division
also found itself in Bosnia,
Kosovo, fighting forest fires in
Montana, and conducting hurricane
relief in Florida as a result
of Hurricane Andrew.
“That’s kind of the end of an
era with the Division, although
no one knew it at the time,” Page
said. “It marked a period where
the Division would be doing
things quite differently than
destroying the enemy and combat-type
operations … the Division
would evolve.”
According to Page, this chapter
marks an interesting period.
It prepared the Division for the
war that would come in Iraq and
Afghanistan. The commanders
in Division during this time
frame were accustomed to being
asked to things other than all
out warfare. These commanders
were used to having that
approach.
“This time frame was about
transformation, although it still
had the mission on one hand of
conducting combat operations.
As it turned out, this is not much
of what the Division did in the
1990s, there was nobody to fight.
The Division had been focused
for a number of years to fighting
the Soviet Union and Western
Europe. Then the union crumbled
and became the Russian
federation, and then became
friendly,“ Page said. “As a result,
the Division struggled as a focus
of what this post-Cold War era
was going to look like. How to
train to prepare for war, but be
able to do other things as well.”
Global War on Terrorism to
Overseas Contigency Operation
“America was viciously
attacked in what officials are
calling an act of war, [and] I agree
with that assessment,” said Maj.
Gen. Richard A. Cody, commanding
general of 101st Airborne
Division and Fort Campbell, at a
press conference Sept. 12, 2001.
In the wake of the 9/11 terrorist
attacks, elements of the 101st
Airborne Division immediately
deployed to protect the U.S. from
potential attack. The Division
was the first conventional unit to
deploy in support of the Global
War on Terrorism. In November
2001, the Division deployed its
3rd Brigade, also known as the
Rakkasans, to Afghanistan as the
first conventional unit to fight as
part of Operation Enduring Freedom.
At that time, the 2nd Brigade,
101st Airborne Division, was
largely deployed to Kosovo on
peacekeeping operations, with
some elements of 3rd Battalion,
502nd Infantry Regiment,
deploying after 9/11 as a security
element in the U.S. Central
Command Area of Responsibility
alongside the Fort Campbellbased
5th Special Forces Group.
In March 2002, the Rakkasans
were, in part, responsible for
offensive operations in the
Shoh-I-Khot Valley that delivered
a crippling early blow to the
Taliban and al-Qaeda. According
to Page, the 3rd Brigade, while
there for the initial liberations of
Afghanistan in 2001-2002, conducted
one of the largest scaled
operations, Operation Anaconda,
which was often credited
as being the largest battle of out
of the war in Iraq or Afghanistan.
After a challenging six-month
deployment, 3rd Brigade redeployed
to the United States.
In anticipation of combat
operations against the regime of
Saddam Hussein, the Division
deployed to Kuwait in February
and March 2003. In a difficult air
and ground movement through
hostile territory and intense
combat in urban areas, the Division
demonstrated its flexibility,
lethality and military capability
at every step. Fighting its way
from Najaf, through Karbala and
Hillah, the Division ultimately
consolidated in Southern Baghdad
in April 2003.
Shortly after re-grouping in
April 2003, 101st Airborne Division
was ordered to Northern
Iraq and conducted the longest
air assault in history. It
quickly assumed responsibility
for Mosul, Iraq’s second largest
city, as well as its four surrounding
provinces. In the
following months, the Division
concentrated on the mission of
re-establishing security, reconstruction
of civilian infrastructure,
and the restoration of basic
services. The Division underwrote
the completion of 5,000
reconstruction projects, killed
Uday and Qusay Hussein, and
captured over 500 anti-Coalition
insurgents.
According to Page, while the
Division was an integral part
of the initial ground war that
toppled the Saddam Hussein
regime, it also found its missions
beginning to transition into
more of stability and support
operations, by building local
police and local military units,
putting together security organizations,
and trying to facilitate
free elections. The world was
changing.
Hussein was captured Dec. 13,
2003.
In 2003, the 101st Airborne
Division started a program out
of necessity. In addition to its
mission, there were power facilities,
dams and other infrastructures
that required security.
see DEFENSE, Page 6
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6 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition
DEFENSE
Continued from Page 5
The Division and fellow
units could not handle the
task of having to guard these
facilities. There were simply
too many. In response,
according to Page, the Division
Commanding General
at that time, then-Maj.
Gen. Petraeus, organized
a program called the Joint
Iraqi Security Company,
JISC, which was developed
in Mosul in 2003. That program
became the basis
upon which the new Iraqi
army was formed. It laid the
foundation and framework
for the Iraqi army to which
Division handed over control
of Iraq. The 101st Airborne
Division has a very
distinct connection to the
early days of what became
the Iraqi Security Forces
today.
In early 2004, the Division
redeployed to Fort
Campbell. During the year
that followed, the 101st Airborne
Division recovered
and reorganized under the
new Army Transformation
Organizational structure in
anticipation of its second
deployment to Iraq.
On June 28, 2004, the U.S.
transferred sovereignty back
to Iraq, ending 15 months of
U.S. control in Iraq.
In November 2005, the
Division Headquarters,
Soldiers
from the 3rd
Battalion,
187th Infantry
Regiment,
3rd Brigade
Combat
Team, 101st
Airborne
Division,
take cover
in a potato
field in Fair
Al-Jair, Iraq,
after hearing
a loud
explosion
in the area
during a
search for
al-Qaeda
insurgents
during
Operation
Marne
Roundup,
Dec. 16, 2007.
101st in combat
101st Combat Aviation
Brigade, and 1st and 3rd
Brigade Combat Teams
deployed to Iraq for a
second time. As Task Force
Band of Brothers, the Division
assumed responsibility
for the northern half of Iraq,
which was the largest area
of operation.
Alongside four Iraqi Army
divisions, the Screaming
Eagles developed credible
Iraqi Security Force
units that were capable
of independent counterinsurgency
operations. This
massive effort resulted in
immensely improved security
and the transfer of several
areas to Iraqi control
prior to the Division’s redeployment
in October 2006.
Under the new modular
structure, 2nd and 4th Brigade
Combat Teams and the
159th Combat Aviation Brigade
were attached to other
Multinational Division or
Multinational Force commands
in other areas of Iraq.
In late 2006, Fort Campbell
entered the final phases
of the Army’s historic modular
transformation. In this
phase, the XVIII Airborne
Corps shed its peacetime
command responsibilities
for the 101st Airborne Division
– a liaison that began
previous to the 1944 invasion
of Holland, and the
101st Airborne Division
began reporting directly to
Forces Command. Additional
command and control
changes added Fort Lee,
Virginia’s 49th Quartermaster
Group to the Fort Campbell
Family.
In late 2007, the majority
of the Division deployed
again. The Division’s
1st, 2nd and 3rd Brigade
Combat Teams and elements
of the Sustainment
Brigade deployed independently
to Iraq where each
served under the command
of different Multinational
Divisions then conducting
combat operations
throughout Iraq. Soldiers
of the 49th Quartermaster
deployed to both Iraq and
Afghanistan for combat and
combat support operations.
The 101st Combat Aviation
Brigade deployed to
Afghanistan and was eventually
relieved by the 159th
Combat Aviation Brigade.
In March 2008, the
Headquarters (and Special
Troops Battalion) 101st Airborne
Division joined the
4th Brigade Combat Team
and the 101st Sustainment
Brigade in Afghanistan
in support of Operation
Enduring Freedom. As Combined
Joint Task Force-101,
the Division Headquarters
was supported by many
attached Coalition units
and was responsible for an
area of operation the size of
Pennsylvania, designated as
Regional Command-East.
Composed of 14 provinces,
including much of the volatile
border region between
Afghanistan and Pakistan,
as well as the Hindu Kush
and Afghan Control Highlands,
the deployment
posed a unique and difficult
set of challenges unlike
anything previously experienced.
The Soldiers of CJTF-
101 thrived in their role as
both Soldier/diplomats and
warriors. CJTF-101 helped
restore the Afghan people’s
confidence and trust in
their government, while
improving their quality of
life through more than 2,500
innovative development
projects. As warriors, CJTF-
101 aggressively trained
Afghan National Security
Forces and, side-by-side,
relentlessly pursued insurgent
groups wherever they
could be found.
On May 2, 2011, Special
Forces Soldiers and Navy
Seals killed Osama Bin
Laden, founder of al-Qaeda
and responsible for the 9/11
attacks. Shortly after Bin
Laden’s death, President
Barack Obama visited Fort
Campbell to thank 160th
Special Operations Aviation
Regiment Soldiers and Soldiers
in the Division.
The Division’s effort in
Afghanistan resulted in
successful and decisive
operations at every level
producing a significantly
improved Afghan National
Security Force committed
to the defense of their country.
Similarly, Screaming
Eagles in Iraq measurably
improved the quality of life
of the Iraqi people and their
trust in the Iraqi Army.
Private First
Class John
Gomez
of Delta
Company,
3rd Battalion,
187th
Infantry
Regiment,
3rd Brigade
Combat
Team, 101st
Airborne
Division,
provides
security
during a
patrol in
Sabari,
Khowst
Province,
Afghanistan,
April 13,
2010.
“The Division’s history
within the last 70 years has
always been written by Soldiers,
not by the gear and
the technology,” Page said.
“People are always interested
in the newest of electronic
widgets that helps us
do this, that, or the other
thing better, faster or more
effectively, but the truth is
it comes down to the individual
Soldier, the operator
of that equipment, who
[is] making the decision
at the tip of the spear, and
that’s the truth of it, and
that hasn’t changed. The
living, breathing, human
being – the man, the young
woman with a husband, and
a couple of kids – are truthfully
the people that make
us successful, and that’s the
point … there where the
rubber meets the road.”
Across our country, across the generations, brave
men and women from all walks of life have
answered the call of duty to serve and protect
their beloved country. They have left behind lives
and loved ones to keep their fellow Americans
safe and we will never forget their sacrifice.
Freedom is not free.
The Fort Campbell
COURIER
www.fortcampbellcourier.com

70th Anniversary Edition
Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 - 7
The Past,
Present and
Future....
Those who sacrifice for our lives and our
freedom, we all owe a debt. Freedom is never
free. Those who volunteer are serving the great
cause of freedom and carrying the burden of
freedom for all of us and much of the free world.
Thank you to those who are continuing
to put self aside and willingly serve.
Happy 70 th Anniversary
101st Airborne Division (Air Assault)
AUSA’s Tennessee-Kentucky Chapter is committed to taking care of
our Soldiers and their families at Fort Campbell.
To find out more call (270) 605-1234
Hugh “Sandy” McLeod, Region President
Sheryl Ellis, Region Secretary
Tennessee-Kentucky AUSA
P.O. Box 7, Fort Campbell, KY 42223
To join your local chapter contact Lee Ann Nelson at: leeann.nelson1@us.army.mil
or tanya.m.hatley.ctr@mail.mil

8 - Fort Campbell Courier - Thursday, August 9, 2012 70th Anniversary Edition

101
st
airborne
THURSDAY, AUGUST 9, 2012
70th Anniversary
1942-2012