DC NCBearing FAN - Global WIN Technology

DC NCBearing FAN
WIN WIN WIN philosophy of CEO, Andy Lin
A good example, the tree, to explain the relationship and interaction among the customers, GlobalWIN
and vendors: The customers are the leaves, GlobalWIN is the trunk and the vendors are the roots. Each of
them have their own functions and rely on each other to survive. The only way to blossom and bear fruit
is all these three parties must be growing heathly, WIN WIN WIN.
The disadvanges of the current bearings:
Ball bearing:
1. Can NOT survive on the following conditions:
Droping or shocking, high humidity, water,
acid, alkali, high temperature, low temperature
and RPM > 10000.
2. Too many grades, hard to guarantee the even of
the quality(It’s no way to keep all of the metal
balls inside the caves are the same size with
really round.)
3. More noisy, longer lead time.
4. Higher price.
Sleeve bearing:
1. Easy to wear and tear, much shorter life.
2. Easy to stick the shaft caused by the thermal
expansion under high speed rotating or high
temperature conditions.
3. Can NOT survive on the following conditions:
High humidity, water, acid, alkali, high
temperature, low temperature and RPM >
10000.
It the time to adopt NCB(Nano Ceramic Bearing).
NCB is a kind of unique ceramic which is oxide of a very special element – Zr.
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Comparison among the ZrO2 and other materials:
Material
Bronze
ZrO2
Steel
Diamond
Density(g/cm3) 8.1 5.6 7.8 3.5
Hardness(Hv) 240 1160 560 9000
Tensile
270 - 1760 2600
Strenth(Mpa)
C.T.E.(10 -6 /℃) 20 3.0~8.3 11.2~
0.8~4.8
14.3
Conductivity,
62 25 50 600~1200
K(W/mK)
Bending
- 186 - -
Force(Mpa)
Friction Coefficient 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.05~0.1
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Characters of ZrO2:
ZrO2
Average refractive index (n) 2.2
Melting point (℃) 2850
C.T.E. (10-6/ ℃) 3.0~8.3
Sintering temperature (℃) (15 mol%) 1700
Pressure (kg/cm2) 10
Sintering temperature (℃) (6 mol%) 1350~1450
Density (g/cm3) 5.56~6.1
Hardness (Hv) 1000~1500
Physics characteristics of ZrO2:
1. Anti-very high temperature and very low Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion(C.T.E.)
2. Excellent electric insulation.
3. Very high hardness, very hard to wear and tear.
4. Excellent Anti-pressure, anti-oxidation and anti-corroded
5. With elasticity – Anti-shock , hard to break.
1. The feature of the ZrO2 nanometer power:
Reduce the sintering temperature, enhance the binding strength and hardness.
Crystal (primary particle) size analysis by TEM
SEM analysis of 2nd particle
Particle of the ZrO2 power
Comparison between the NCB and traditional ZrO2
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* NCB = Nano-Ceramic Bearing
DC NCBearing FAN
Features
NCB Traditional ZrO 2
Sintering temp. (℃) 1350~1450 1500~1700 Higher dimension variation
Density(g/cm 3 ) 6.07 5.9
Hardness(Hv) 1340 1160 Higher friction
Bending strength (MPa) 1210 800 Low tension strength
Destruction Strength (MPam 0.5 ) 49 8 Easy to crack
Crystalline Grain (μm) < 0.3 60 Low toughness
Color
White/Shining
Beige/Rough
Dim
Toughness
Good
Bad
Fragile
The advantage of the NCBearing:
1. Very hard to wear and tear, long life, low noise, anti-shock.
2. Suitable for the following conditions: Droping or shocking,
high humidity, water, high temperature, low temperature and
RPM < 20000.
Excellent electric insulation.
3.Anti severe conditions like acid, alkali, pressure, oxidation and
corroded
4. Reduce the thickness of the fan.
5. Cost down, good quality.
6. Mated with X particle lubricant.:
A. Never dry out under 200 degree C.
B. Much lower noise.
C. Much higher life.
Properties
Temp.
Grease
Oil
Viscosity(cST)
20℃ 1600 261
ASTM D445
40℃ 440 55
100℃ 42 10
Density(g/ml) 0℃ 1.95 1.9
100℃ 1.78 1.75
Max. Volatility % in
66℃ - -
22Hrs D972
121℃ - 0.1
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DC NCBearing FAN
NCB have passed customers life test.
Fan Model
8025-CS
(2400rpm)
L10 (at 25℃) 184,006
APPLE INTEL COMPAQ
L10 (at 40℃) 87,267 40,000
L10 (at 55℃) 44,310 40,000
MTTF (at 50℃) 134,854 100,000
Noise level: NCB is better than Ball bearing
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Structure and life span comparison between Ball Bearing and NCBearing:
X particle lubricant oil
NCB
Ball Bearing
Material Nanometer Ceramic Steel
Structure Single unit Assembly Components :
• outer ring • ball fixer
• inner ring • O-ring
• iron ball • Washer
Assembly
0 ≧ 0.01mm
tolerance
Operating way Friction interface: X particle lubricant
Contact area: line .
X particle diameter

DC NCBearing FAN
• Anti severe conditions like wet, water, and reduce the life span quickly.
acid, alkali, shock, vibration, oxidation No way to work under severe conditions
and corroded
ike: wet, water, acid, alkali, shock, vibration,
• Tiny assembly gap to reduce the shaft oxidation and corroded.
tilting angle.
Much higher shaft tilt angle due to
point contact of iron ball.
4 Series to meet 4 different applications:
NCB+SS : CS Series RPM less than 4,000 to replace Ball/Sleeve bearing
NCB+NCS
: CC Series RPM less than 7,000 to replace 2 Ball bearing
NCB+NID + SS : NS series RPM less than 10,000 to replace 2 Ball bearing
NCB+NID + NCS + NOD : NN series RPM less than 20,000 for very special application
NCB: Nanometer Ceramic Bearing
SS : Steel Shaft
NID : Nanometer Inner Diameter
NCS : Nanometer Ceramic Shaft
NOD : Nanometer Outer Diameter
New Century Bearing ?
Nanometer Ceramic Bearing ! ------- NCB
Assessment of Cooling Fan Functions
A. How to select a suitable cooling fan
The need for forced-air cooling should be determined at an early stage in system design. It is important
that the design plans for good airflow to heat-generating components and also allows adequate space
and power for cooling fan. Factors to be considered in fan selection include: required airflow, AC or
DC power, voltage, speed, life expectancy, heat dissipation, impedance protected and audible noise.
The airflow required can be obtained a equation for calculation
where
Q = Airflow required in cfm(ft 3 /min)
W =Heat dissipated in Watts
Tc = Allowable Temperature rise in ℃ (Tc = T1-T2)
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Q = 1.76W / Tc

DC NCBearing FAN
For example, 32cfm of airflow is required for a system that dissipates 200w and allow a 11℃
temperature rise.
B. Measuring Airflow and Static Pressure
An AMCA Standard 210 double chamber is used to accurately measure air volume and static pressure.
List of Equations and Variable
Q : Air Volume = 60‧C‧π/4‧D 2 = M2g/r‧Pn(m 3 /min)
C : Coefficient of nozzle air volume
D : Diameter of nozzle(m)
r : Air Density = 1.293 *
T: Temperature (℃)
P : Air Pressure (mm H2O)
Pn : Different pressure of air volume(mm H2O)
Ps : Static Pressure (mm H2O)
g : 9.8m/sec 2
Maximum static pressure and maximum air volume measurements must be taken separately,
Maximum Static Pressure Measurement: When the nozzle is closed, the pressure in chamber A will
reach a maximum. The pressure difference Ps represents the maximum static pressure achievable by
the fan.
Maximum Air Volume Measurement: The nozzle is opened and the auxiliary blowers is used to
lower the pressure in chamber A to Ps=0. The
maximum air volume can then be calculated using
Pn, D and the air volume equation above. Q
represents the maximum achievable airflow with the
fan in free air.
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C. System Impedance & System Operating Point
The performance of a fan in a specific application is determined by the intersection of the Device
Characteristic Curve and the fan Characteristic Curve. The Fan Characteristic Curve is explained in the
MEASURING AIRFLOW AND STATIC PRESSURE section. The Device Characteristic Curve is a
property inherent to an individual electronics enclosure. It describes how air will flow through the
enclosure given its particular obstacles and internal resistance. Resistance can be changed in the
airflow or chambers that the air must flow through.
The flow resistance is roughly proportional to the
square of the volumetric flow rate. As a result, the
graph of static Pressure vs. airflow is parabolic for the
enclosure. This curve can easily be generated
experimentally, by testing the enclosure pressure at
various airflow rates
The intersection of cooling fan performance curve and system resistance curve is the system operating
point. This is the determining factor in your selection of cooling fan. The higher the system operating
point means the higher of total heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling fan and the device.
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D. Acoustic Noise Level
Noise is tested in accordance with ISO-3745
and ANSI 12.35 in an echo-free room with
background noise level at less than 15dBA. The
testing cooling fan runs without interference.
The noise meter is 1 meter away from air
entrance and in 90 degree to the fan. The test
result is depicted by Sound Pressure Level
frequency band in dBA.
E. Fan Bearing System
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D. The output of 3 rd wire signal
Rotation Detector Function
DC NCBearing FAN
Frequency Generator Function
E. Special Function
Thermal Control
It needs a fan that enable air flow to change with the actual operating temperature, which under the
pre-requisition of system heat dissipating effect, the RPM is reduced when the fan sensed the drop of
actual operating temperature (as well as the air flow) and the noise level will drop comparatively.
Humidity and Wet Resistance
When working in dirty, dusty or high humid environment, a cooling fan capable to sustain pressure and
meeting heat dissipation requirements of customers is required. Products we offered are all meeting
IEC IP-5.4 specifications.
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DC NCBearing FAN
High Temperature Resistance
For the demanding high temperature application environment of customers, we offer products under
the following specification to satisfy customers’ needs.
DC FAN -10 ~ 90℃ max (Operating Temp)
AC FAN –10 ~ 1800℃ max (Operating Temp)
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
It’s quite essential to provide the computer steady and sufficient power source. However it will have
power loss and generate the heat during the the power transmitting on the output . Traditional linear
output provide the continuous voltage but it will create the power loss issue too and waste a lot of
energy. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is a advance technoloty to combine digital and analog
circuit advantages to provide a steady , sufficient and less energy loss power source. It also prolong
the battery life span.
Heat Resistance Test of CPU Cooler
IN the past, the heat resistance test of CPU Cooler need to be conducted on real computer main
unit .But it is difficult to obtain the latest model CPU, Mother Board and the peripherals and it is
impossible to design and test for future market demand. This problem is solved with Dummy Heater
Simulator.
System Installation
Test Cabinet System Environment Simulation
Test Cabinet simulates the computer main unit, is designed
to be a cube and installed a heater at the air entrance
to simulate the heating element of the computer main unit
and allows the control of environment temperature in the
cabinet , At the 4 corners of test cabinet and the 1cm above
the test fin are fitted with a thermocouple to monitor the
temperature inside the cabinet, The bottom is covered with
a layer of insulating plate to ensure the heat of the Dummy
Heater is totally brought out by the fin and the fan.
Simulation of CPU fastener pressure
In addition to fixing, fan fastener can keep the fin fit to CPU closely to maximize the heat transmitting
effect. In the test cabinet , it is consisted with pressure gauge and supporting system, which can easily
be fitted with different fins and fans and adjust to different pressure ,without affecting the intake
airflow of fan.
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DC NCBearing FAN
CPU (Heater) Simulation
Dummy Heater is consisted of heating tungsten coil (simulating IC of CPU),conducting copper
block (simulating the packaging of CPU),thermocouple and insulating material, The power factor
can be find from multiplying the input voltage with current, PD=1‧V.
Thermocouple is placed at the center of copper block, the temperature measured T dummy represents
the temperature of CPU, which is covered with insulating material to ensure that the heat is
transmitted from the surface of copper block..
Calculation of Heat Resistance
RD = Rcopper + Rcooler - ----------- (1)
RD = (Tdummy – Tambient ) / PD ------------- (2)
Rcopper = X / KA ------------- (3)
PD : Dummy Heater Simulate the input power of CPU (W)
RD : The total heat resistance measured from Dummy Heater(℃/W)
Rcopper : Heat Resistance of Copper Block (℃/W)
Rcooler : Heat Resistance of Fin (℃/W)
Tdummy :Central temperature of Dummy Heater(℃)
Tanbient : Environmental temperature inside the test cabinet.(℃)
X : Thickness of cooper block(x=1mm)
K : Thermal conductive co-efficiency of copper block.(k=61W/m℃)
A : Area Heating Piece(19x18mm 2 )
The temperature signal received by thermal couple at various points of test cabinet is transmitted to
computer program via PLC. From equation (2), we can find the heat resistance of fins Rcooler,
but the real CPU packaging and the contact area of fins may be different from the copper block ,This
can be corrected by equations(1) and (3).Assuming the actual contacting area is 11x9mm,then the heat
resistance of Rcooler,11x9 and Rcooler,19x18 can be calculated from (3). Then from (1)RD = RD,19x18 –
Rcooper,19x18 + Rcooper,11x9 there will be real heat resistance at the actual application. All the testing results
will be saved in database and is referable at any time.
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DC NCBearing FAN
Hard Forged Quality
Our Quality Manifestation
Excellent Design
Starting from ”Meeting Customers’ Needs”, we make innovation and development in the R&D and
design of products, and we target at “offering quality products with most reasonable price”, so to
mark our products the best choice of all customers,
Perfect Quality
“ Any tiny defect to us is like a grain of sand in our eyes-totally unacceptable.” This is the belief
insisted by QA Team of GW. We believe, only quality attracts customers. To maintain our products
in high quality invested in ‘Pro/Engineer’- a high-end design program as a principal design tool for
our development group, which may continuously to satisfy the request of high quality products and
synchronize with the whole world.
Customers Satisfaction
“Customer satisfied service and quality” is management philosophy of GW. We hold it that only
100% satisfaction of customers is the way to sustained operation of GW. We expect to help building
the business of customers, assisting customers in marketing products with our perfect services and
quality.
Design Quality Monitoring
Design Quality Monitoring
(1) Testing airflow, air pressure and noise at the design stage of vans and shell to optimize the product
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DC NCBearing FAN
features and to satisfy customers’ needs.
(2) Testing locked temperature rise, Ambient
temperature 72 hours ON/OFF warming
verification and reverse protection test, to
verify the reliability of circuit design.
(3) The testing instruments at this stage are:
Trial Stage
(1) After completing mold test, quality
verification of trial stage against the dimension of injection products and structural strength of
assembled products.
(2) The test items and instruments used in this stage are as the following
Pilot stage
(1) AT the pilot production of production line,
control is applied to the rpm and current
characteristics of products
(2) Conduct Ambient Temperature/Ceiling
working voltage ON/OFF/ 24 hours warming verification on all pilot products.
(3) Test items and instrument used at this stage
Mean Time To Failure of Cooling Fan
1. Expression of reliability
(1) λ(Rate of Failure) : Means the possible rate of failure of product within an unit period of time,
which is the reverse of MTTF.
(2) MTBF : (Mean Time Between Failure), mean Time Between Failures means the average
interval of failure after a period of service.
(3) MTTF: Mean Time To Failure means the average life of product from start to totally breakdown.
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Generally, MTTF stresses more on the failure that is un-repairable and product is disposed at
failure (does not worth to repair). From the basic definition, it is similar to MTBF, but
difference is MTBF means repairable failure. But the cooling fan does not worth to repair after
failure, so MTTF is more applicable.
(4) L10 : Means the period of time products accumulated to the 10% failure rate.
(5) Relationship between MTTF and L10 : MTTF value is 9.5 times of L10
2. Estimate of MTBF
Generally the real MTTF of products on the market
cannot be calculated, so the MTTF is estimated
under simulated use environment with random
sampling and statistical theory. However, if the
products had to run to breakdown at each test, it
would not meet the market demand as far as the
time consumption is concerned. Therefore,
MIL-HDBK-217F specification is based with
Arrhenius Model accelerated Test Mode theory to
increase environment stress to accelerate the aging
of product and to shorten the test time as well as
estimate the Mean Time To Failure.
3. Accelerating Test Mode for Mean Time To Failure Forecast (Arrhenius Model)
A = exp{(ΔH/K)*[(1/T field)-(1/T test)]}
A : Accelerating Multitude
exp : Natural Logarithm = 2.713
ΔH : (ev) Vitality Energy
K : Boltzman Constant
T field : Normal Stress Environment Temperature
T test : Demanding (Test) Stress Environment Temperature
Environment Tests for Cooling Fan
The reliability of cooling fan may be worsened by environment stresses like temperature, humidity and
vibration during the uses, transportation and in storage. Against these, GW conducts tests against the
environment stresses that could cause the deterioration of cooling fans.
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DC NCBearing FAN
1. Temperature: Mechanical stress caused by high, low
temperature or the cycling temperatures tends to
cause spontaneous failure, invite chemical reaction
and change the performance and the temperature
characteristics of materials and parts. They would
lead to change in the parameter change of cooling
fan characteristics, and expansion increases the
wearing of bearing system. GW conducts following
tests against environment stresses from
temperatures.
(1) High Temperature Storage Test
(2) Low Temperature Storage Test
(3) Low Temperature Running Test
(4) Cold Started Test
(5) Temperature Circling Test
2. Humidity Test : High humidity reduces insulation or pressure resistance and wet absorption causes
corrosion of material or increase the current leaking and expansion increases the stress of packing
material and cause the deterioration of cooling fan. GW conducts High Temperature and Humidity
Tests against the humid environment.
3. Vibration Shock Test : GW conducts environment tests for
vibration and shock on all newly developed products.
Vibration tests can verify the level of deterioration of
mechanical function, while Shock Test can verify the
structural strength of cooling fan.
4. Safety Test :
Against the
damage caused
by the
abnormal use
of cooling fan due to incorrect manner of application
of users, GW conducted simulation tests, such as
Locked Test and Reversed Apply Protection Test,
ect.
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DC NCBearing FAN
● : Standard
○ : Option
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