Awra Amba RJ 300612 EN - Contacter un comité local d'Attac
Awra Amba RJ 300612 EN - Contacter un comité local d'Attac
Awra Amba RJ 300612 EN - Contacter un comité local d'Attac
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2. Backgro<strong>un</strong>d history and geographical situation<br />
The members of the <strong>Awra</strong> <strong>Amba</strong> comm<strong>un</strong>ity come from different peasant comm<strong>un</strong>ities of Amhara<br />
region.<br />
The fo<strong>un</strong>ding of the comm<strong>un</strong>ity is closely linked to the history of its fo<strong>un</strong>der, Zumra Nuru. We<br />
present its numerous episodes, before describing the population and the geographical situation.<br />
2.1. A visionary and difficult start<br />
<strong>Awra</strong> <strong>Amba</strong> does not keep written records of its history according to Me09/54: we can only rely<br />
therefore on the memory of people, through the different written references quoted. It is only since<br />
2007 or 2008 that the comm<strong>un</strong>ity preserves rudimentary records of the sessions of one out of its<br />
committees (the grievance-handling and mediating one) (Me09/68).<br />
Zumra Nuru Mohammad (Picture 1) is the fo<strong>un</strong>der of this comm<strong>un</strong>ity whose principles he laid down.<br />
He was born on August 23, 1946 according to At05/29 and Ya08/63, but on August 21, 1947<br />
according to Jo10b/1 or Crespo (2012) (he does not know necessarily his precise birth date –<br />
Question 1 in Annex), in Simada (aro<strong>un</strong>d 90 km as the crow flies southeast of <strong>Awra</strong> <strong>Amba</strong>, in South<br />
Gondar zone). His mother Tirusew Kasaye was also born in Simada where his parents met and got<br />
married. His father Nuru Muhammad was born in <strong>Amba</strong>a Mariam, in Tenta woreda in South Wollo<br />
zone (Debub Wollo in Amharic) of the Amhara region (At05/29), aro<strong>un</strong>d 170 km as the crow flies<br />
southeast of <strong>Awra</strong> <strong>Amba</strong>.<br />
Picture 1:<br />
Zumra Nuru, fo<strong>un</strong>der and leader of <strong>Awra</strong> <strong>Amba</strong>, in April 2010. Behind him, his armed<br />
guard.<br />
In 1950, when he was 3 years old, his parents moved to Yesho Michael in Este woreda, about fifty<br />
kilometres south-southeast of <strong>Awra</strong> <strong>Amba</strong>. Zumra explains to At05/29 that his Christian maternal<br />
grandmother was from this Este woreda, whereas his paternal grandmother, also Christian, was from<br />
Simada woreda.<br />
Sent to work in the fields rather than to school, that was lacking according to Me09/31, illiterate<br />
19 /85
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