International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management
International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management
International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Section 2<br />
Introduction to Substrates <strong>and</strong> How to Easily Make Inappropriate L<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Floor Surfaces<br />
Appropriate.....................................................................................................................................<br />
Part A.<br />
L<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Floor Substrates Necessary For Each Enclosure............................................................<br />
Deep Digging Area Necessary For Each Enclosure.......................................................................<br />
Part B. Substrate Types <strong>and</strong> <strong>Husb<strong>and</strong>ry</strong> Techniques...................................................................<br />
Mulch <strong>and</strong> S<strong>and</strong> Types <strong>and</strong> <strong>Husb<strong>and</strong>ry</strong> Techniques......................................................................<br />
Specific Soil Types <strong>and</strong> <strong>Husb<strong>and</strong>ry</strong> Techniques............................................................................<br />
Cleaning Procedures for Substrates <strong>and</strong> Maintaining Nestbox Bedding........................................<br />
Part C. Designs To Help Prevent L<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Floor Substrates from Entering Water Areas <strong>and</strong><br />
Blocking Pool Drains/Filters & Keeper <strong>and</strong> Animal Shift Doors/Gates........................................<br />
Section 3<br />
Why The Recommended Soft Loose Natural Substrates, L<strong>and</strong> to Water Ratios (i.e. minimum<br />
size l<strong>and</strong>/floor area) & Deep Digging Areas Are Necessary in Every Enclosure<br />
Introduction....................................................................................................................................<br />
Part A. Physical Health Problems<br />
Health problems involving the lower back, hind legs, <strong>and</strong> walking abilities..................................<br />
Health problems with pads, webbing, <strong>and</strong> skin on feet/toes. Are pink foot/toe pads healthy?.....<br />
Fur Coat Condition, Grooming, Infections, <strong>and</strong> Related Health Problems....................................<br />
Part B. Mental <strong>and</strong> Behavioral Health Problems<br />
Inappropriate enclosure conditions that can negatively affect the ability to successfully rear<br />
cubs, adjust to new/unusual situations, <strong>and</strong> maintain mental <strong>and</strong> behavioral health...................... 109<br />
Section 4<br />
Natural L<strong>and</strong> Furnishings (other than substrates) for Every Enclosure......................................... 124<br />
Section 5<br />
Locations <strong>and</strong> Designs for L<strong>and</strong>, Floor <strong>and</strong> Water Areas, Dens, Nestboxes & Areas for Natural<br />
Underground Dens<br />
Locations <strong>and</strong> Designs Necessary to Keep L<strong>and</strong>, Floors, Dens, Nestboxes & Natural<br />
Underground Dens Dry <strong>and</strong> What Makes Them Very Damp/Wet................................................ 129<br />
Locations <strong>and</strong> Designs to Offer Parents Privacy/Isolation From Human Disturbances <strong>and</strong><br />
Presence During Cub-Rearing....................................................................................................... 131<br />
Locations <strong>and</strong> Designs for Visual-Acoustic-Olfactory Introductions of Unfamiliar <strong>and</strong><br />
Temporarily Separated <strong>Otter</strong>s........................................................................................................ 132<br />
Locations <strong>and</strong> Designs to Maintain Appropriate Temperatures Within All Enclosure<br />
Areas.............................................................................................................................................. 132<br />
Locations <strong>and</strong> Designs For <strong>Husb<strong>and</strong>ry</strong> Training............................................................................ 132<br />
Section 6<br />
Enclosure Vegetation...................................................................................................................... 132<br />
Section 7<br />
Water Area Designs <strong>and</strong> Furnishings.............................................................................................. 134<br />
Section 8<br />
Containment Barriers <strong>and</strong> Service/Keeper Door Designs.............................................................. 139<br />
Section 9<br />
When Indoor Enclosures Are Needed <strong>and</strong> When They Require Water Areas, Temperature <strong>and</strong><br />
Heating Recommendations & Outdoor Enclosure Shelter............................................................. 141<br />
Section 10<br />
Part A. Parental Behavior & Litter Loss/Stress Caused by Human Disturbances......................... 146<br />
Part B. <strong>Husb<strong>and</strong>ry</strong> Practices <strong>and</strong> Enclosure Designs/Modifications for Cub-Rearing ................. 152<br />
79<br />
82<br />
85<br />
86<br />
86<br />
87<br />
89<br />
90<br />
92<br />
94<br />
98<br />
105<br />
3