International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management

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Days/ Months Table 6: Weights and Lengths for Captive-Born Giant Otters (Page 1 of 3) Sex Weight/Length (entire body length) Institution Weight at Death (WD); Parent reared (P); Weight during handrearing or when first pulled for handrearing (HR) Author/ Source (pers. comm.) Day 1 1.0 265g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 * Day 1 1.0 220g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 1 1.0 200g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 1 1.0 220g Dortmund HR Dortmund Day 1 1.0 238g Dortmund HR Dortmund Day 2 0.0.1 150g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 2 0.0.1 155g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 2 1.0 213g/ 33.5cm *** Sao Paulo WD/P Au/Deu 1977** Day 2 1.0 193 g/33.5cm*** Sao Paulo WD/P Au/Deu 1977 Day 2 1.0 161g/31.0cm*** Sao Paulo WD/P Au/Deu 1977 Day 2 0.1 230g/33.5cm*** Sao Paulo WD/P Au/Deu 1977 Day 2 0.1 209g/32.5cm*** Sao Paulo WD/P Au/Deu 1977 Day 3 1.0 220g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 3 0.1 150g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 3 1.0 220g/34.5cm▼ Dortmund WD/P Dortmund Day 3 1.0 190g/33cm▼▼ Dortmund WD/P Dortmund Day 4 0.1 180g/29.5cm▼▼▼ Dortmund WD/HR Dortmund Day 4 0.1 220g/31.5cm▼▼▼▼ Dortmund WD/HR Dortmund Day 4 0.1 200g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 4 0.1 250g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 5 0.1 200g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 7 1.0 342g Dortmund PR Dortmund Day 13 1.0 220g Hagenbeck WD/P Ha/Wu 1992 Day 13 1.0 320g Hagenbeck WD/HR Ha/Wu 1992 Day 35 0.0.1 800g Hagenbeck WD Flügger Day 35 (1) Day 40 (5) Day 40 (4) Day 40 (3) Day 40 (2) Day 46 (1) Day 46 (2) Day 46 (3) Day 46 (4) Day 46 (5) 0.1 1420g Dortmund PR Dortmund 0.1 1290g Dortmund PR Dortmund 0.1 1530g Dortmund PR Dortmund 1.0 1380g Dortmund PR Dortmund 1.0 1730g Dortmund PR Dortmund 0.1 1650g Dortmund PR Dortmund 1.0 1950g Dortmund PR Dortmund 1.0 1640g Dortmund PR Dortmund 0.1 1800g Dortmund PR Dortmund 0.1 1400g Dortmund PR Dortmund 264
Days/ Months Sex Weight/Length (entire body length) Institution Weight at Death (WD); Parent reared (P); Weight during handrearing or when first pulled for handrearing (HR) Author/ Source (pers. comm.) Day 52 0.1 1720g Dortmund PR Dortmund (1) Day 55 1.0 2210g Dortmund PR Dortmund (2) Day 55 1.0 1670g Dortmund PR Dortmund (3) Day 55 0.1 1930g Dortmund PR Dortmund (4) Day 55 0.1 1360g Dortmund PR Dortmund (5) Day 56 0.1 1300g Hagenbeck WD Flügger Day 56 0.1 1800g Hagenbeck HR Flügger Day 56 0.1 1900g Hagenbeck HR Flügger Day 62 1.0 2280g Dortmund PR Dortmund (2) Day 62 1.0 1780g Dortmund PR Dortmund (3) Day 62 0.1 1980g Dortmund PR Dortmund (4) Day 62 0.1 1450g Dortmund PR Dortmund (5) Day 70 1.0 2410g Dortmund PR Dortmund (2) Day 70 1.0 1970g Dortmund PR Dortmund (3) Day 70 0.1 2120g Dortmund PR Dortmund (4) Day 75 1.0 2540g Dortmund PR Dortmund (2) Day 75 1.0 2060g Dortmund PR Dortmund (3) Day 75 0.1 2160g Dortmund PR Dortmund (4) 5 Months 1.0 9.1 kg Hagenbeck HR Flügger 1997 4 Months 1.0 4.09 kg Emperor HR Caesar 5 Months 1.0 5 kg Valley HR Caesar 9 Months 1.0 13.62 kg Zoo**** HR Caesar 11 1.0 17.25 kg HR Caesar Months 13 1.0 18.16 kg HR Caesar Months 19 Months 1.0 21.79 kg HR Caesar *Hagenbeck & Wünnemann 1992; **Autuori & Deutsch 1977; ***For these cubs “The tail length was about 10 cm. The head measured about 7 cm from the base of the neck.” (Autuori & Deutsch 1977). **** All of the weights are from the same individual and this animal was a wild-born orphaned otter that was taken to the Emperor Valley Zoo for handrearing. (1-5) Each 265
Page 1 and 2:
International Giant Otter Studbook
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Dear reader, With this, the second
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Section 2 Introduction to Substrate
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Parental Behavior Overview.........
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Introduction This manual is a secon
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Contributing Institutions/Individua
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Dortmund Zoo: Current Director: Dr.
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Giant Otter Characteristics (The fo
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Chapter 1 Husbandry and Management
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informal international network has
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are only released into the wild, th
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malfunctions, due to severe inbreed
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maturity (i.e. at 2 years old), the
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emaining 3 institutions bred otters
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elow 240 m² (2,583.4 ft²) in size
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difficulties/abnormalities to a mod
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are to the water, but it is also de
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deep digging areas as recommended,
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greater problems. I.e. the ability
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additions that can be made to enclo
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(esp. around approx. 10 to 11 years
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Hagenbecks Tierpark Giant Otter Vac
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Dietary Related Problems: Diarrhea
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times over 10 years) then disappear
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Thyroid Malfunctions: see Chapter 1
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unpublished report 1997). His hind
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vitamin B 1 tablet and one 400 IU v
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otters were exposed to in their enc
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animal, e.g. for serious/life threa
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conditions/problems can be identifi
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that the otters are very familiar a
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Section 5 Handrearing Captive-Born
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Chapter 5 for how to measure, Chapt
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proper authorities (i.e. park offic
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oth cubs were adopted by a wild ott
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Chapter 2: Husbandry and Management
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The following conditions (i.e. Numb
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The provision of the conditions lis
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proportionately increased and the w
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does not offer the same advantages
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*Note: Duplaix’s guidelines for o
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dry easily, drain well, and be resi
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It is necessary that every indoor a
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Deep Digging Area Necessary For Eac
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play, exercise etc. on. Note: when
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Cleaning Procedures for Substrates
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[4”] in width, could be placed 10
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The aforementioned problems are cau
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difficulties/abnormalities involvin
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they could cause similar walking di
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It is not uncommon that pink foot/t
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No additional or detailed informati
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provided as recommended, so that ot
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housed. It also may be that the lon
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or high humidity, esp. extended per
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dry areas in enclosures should also
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These husbandry provisions produce
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underground den building which is a
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more unsuitable the enclosure land
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unfamiliar and temporarily separate
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exposed to similar situations as ju
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inappropriate the enclosure conditi
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study. They also have been successf
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furnishings will also remain drier
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Live growing bamboo springs back up
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Section 5 Locations and Designs for
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all substrates) with/without vegeta
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indoors. Otters can also use each c
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Enclosures between 240 m² to 600 m
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other than substrates, and toys fro
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to help prevent water filtration/dr
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Section 10B discusses the locations
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areas may be sufficient when otters
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their normal daily terrestrial acti
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described below and in Section 12 b
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hear, that even familiar keepers ar
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nervous in behavior even during nor
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expansive enclosures are available
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the husbandry practices recommended
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keep cubs from crawling out (Duplai
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Chapter 1 for studies that should b
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practices and enclosure designs all
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care for the cubs (Schenck & Schenc
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was moved to another enclosure (Gat
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Inbreeding, physical, behavioral, a
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underground dens in this expansive
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Section 12 Natural Underground Dens
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22.34 ft] (11 sites) ; Kabo creek (
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Section 13 Den Construction “Den
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should not be introduced with physi
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door) could instead be made in the
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Section 15 Toys & Methods for Addit
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Although once items such as cardboa
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e designed or modified with these c
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Section 18 Introducing Unfamiliar &
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have been housed together and then
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contact introduction, i.e. to stop
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Section 19 Diet and Feeding Only go
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Cuiaba Zoo in Brazil (Marcato de Ol
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are consumed in varying amounts acc
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Captive giant otters have been obse
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part of the target. The target we u
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to secure the guillotine door with
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it stays close to the target. This
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these births may go undetected. Ult
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those working with her, from being
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ody temperatures to be taken, when
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Page 217 and 218: with a male (other than growing up
Page 219 and 220: of course, because information rega
Page 221 and 222: seen entering the shelter alone, bu
Page 223 and 224: At Hagenbeck Tierpark, Wünnemann (
Page 225 and 226: 52.5 cm [20.6"]. It is assumed that
Page 227 and 228: cub weight growth curve in Graph 2
Page 229 and 230: contain glucose rather than sucrose
Page 231 and 232: and frequency after each toileting/
Page 233 and 234: Section 4 Toileting: To produce eli
Page 235 and 236: when no other better formula is ava
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Page 239 and 240: avoid dietary problems and help cub
Page 241 and 242: formula is accomplished. When cubs
Page 243 and 244: suggested above. The same feeding f
Page 245 and 246: successfully can often be difficult
Page 247 and 248: should then be allowed to lick the
Page 249 and 250: The general guideline that food/for
Page 251 and 252: very gently dipped in the bowl into
Page 253 and 254: enough), and explore while under su
Page 255 and 256: dig into, well-draining etc.) are n
Page 257 and 258: ecome healthy and their housing can
Page 259 and 260: Section 16 Companion Cubs and Handr
Page 261 and 262: Cubs must exercise and explore to p
Page 263 and 264: Table 3 : Summary of the internatio
Page 265: Table 5 : International giant otter
Page 269 and 270: Table 7: Adult Giant Otter Weights
Page 271 and 272: Graph 2 : Giant Otter Cub Weight Gr
Page 273 and 274: Duplaix, N. 1980. Observations on t
Page 275 and 276: asiliensis, Gmelin, 1788) No Zooló
Page 277 and 278: Otter Colloquium Pietermaritzburg 1
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International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management

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