International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 4 : International Giant Otter Census Summary 2002 to Sept. 30, 2003 Location Total No. of otters in each country* No. of institutions with At least one potential breeding pair** / No. of institutions holding otters by country* South America Bolivia 1.0 0 / 1 Brazil 11.12 5 / 8 Colombia 4.3 1 / 2 Guyana 0.1 0 / 1 Peru 1.4 0 / 2 Trinidad 1.0 0 / 1 Venezuela 6.3 1 / 7 Europe Germany 4.2 1 / 2 United Kingdom 0.1 0 / 1 North America United States 2.2 2 / 2 International Totals 30.28 (58) 10 / 27 * Census only includes individuals one year of age or older and the institution’s census during the most recent year reported. ***** Only includes individuals two years of age or older. 262
Table 5 : International giant otter census by institution 2002 to Sept. 30, 2003* South America Bolivia 1. Zoologico Municipal Santa Cruz Holding 1.0 in 2002 Brazil 2. Parque Ecologico Municipal de Americana Holding 0.1 in 2002 3. C.P.P.M.A. / Balbina Holding 0.1 in 2002 4. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi / Belem Holding 1.0 in 2002 5. Criatorio Crocodilo Safari / Belem (private facility associated with Museu Goeldi above) Holding 2.1 in 2002 6. Jardim Zoologico de Brasilia Holding 4.5 in 2003 7. Zoologico da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso / Cuiaba Holding 1.2 in 2003 8. Zoologico de Curitiba Holding 1.1 in 2003 9. INPA / Manaus Holding 2.1 in 2003** Colombia 10. Fundacion Zoologico de Cali Holding 2.3 in 2003*** 11. Barranquilla Holding 2.0 in 2003 Guyana 12. Guyana Zoo / Georgetown Holding 0.1 in 2003 Peru 13. Quistococha Zoo / Iquitos Holding 1.2 in 2003 14. Pucallpa Zoo Holding 0.2 in 2000 Venezuela 16. Parque del Este „Romulo Betancourt“ / Caracas Holding 1.0 in 2003 17. Parque Zoologico „El Pinar“ / Caracas Holding 1.0 in 2003 18. Valencia Aquarium Holding 1.1 in 2003 19. Parque Loefling / Ciudad Guyana Holding 1.0 in 2003 20. Zoológico Municipal la Guaricha Maturin Holding 1.0 in 2003 21. Parque Zoológico y Botánico Bararida Barquisimeto Holding 0.2 in 2003 22. Zoológico Leslie Pantin Turmero, Aragua Holding 1.0 in 2003 Europe Germany 23. Zoo Dortmund Holding 3.2 in 2003 24. Zoo Duisburg Holding 1.0 in 2003 United Kingdom 25. Chestnut Centre / Chapel en le Frith Holding 0.1 in 2003 North America United States of America 26. Dallas World Aquarium / TX Holding 1.1 in 2003 27. Zoological Society of Philadelphia / PA Holding 1.1 in 2003 Trinidad & Tobago 15. Emperor Valley Zoo / Port of Spain Holding 1.0 in 2003 * Census only includes individuals one year of age or older and the institution’s census during the most recent year reported. **/*** By September 30 th 2003 1.1 additional giant otters were held at Cali and 1.1 additional giant otters were held at INPA.. These animals were all under one year old at this time, therefore they are not included in the census. 263
Page 1 and 2:
International Giant Otter Studbook
Page 3 and 4:
Dear reader, With this, the second
Page 5 and 6:
Section 2 Introduction to Substrate
Page 7 and 8:
Parental Behavior Overview.........
Page 9 and 10:
Introduction This manual is a secon
Page 11 and 12:
Contributing Institutions/Individua
Page 13 and 14:
Dortmund Zoo: Current Director: Dr.
Page 15 and 16:
Giant Otter Characteristics (The fo
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter 1 Husbandry and Management
Page 19 and 20:
informal international network has
Page 21 and 22:
are only released into the wild, th
Page 23 and 24:
malfunctions, due to severe inbreed
Page 25 and 26:
maturity (i.e. at 2 years old), the
Page 27 and 28:
emaining 3 institutions bred otters
Page 29 and 30:
elow 240 m² (2,583.4 ft²) in size
Page 31 and 32:
difficulties/abnormalities to a mod
Page 33 and 34:
are to the water, but it is also de
Page 35 and 36:
deep digging areas as recommended,
Page 37 and 38:
greater problems. I.e. the ability
Page 39 and 40:
additions that can be made to enclo
Page 41 and 42:
(esp. around approx. 10 to 11 years
Page 43 and 44:
Hagenbecks Tierpark Giant Otter Vac
Page 45 and 46:
Dietary Related Problems: Diarrhea
Page 47 and 48:
times over 10 years) then disappear
Page 49 and 50:
Thyroid Malfunctions: see Chapter 1
Page 51 and 52:
unpublished report 1997). His hind
Page 53 and 54:
vitamin B 1 tablet and one 400 IU v
Page 55 and 56:
otters were exposed to in their enc
Page 57 and 58:
animal, e.g. for serious/life threa
Page 59 and 60:
conditions/problems can be identifi
Page 61 and 62:
that the otters are very familiar a
Page 63 and 64:
Section 5 Handrearing Captive-Born
Page 65 and 66:
Chapter 5 for how to measure, Chapt
Page 67 and 68:
proper authorities (i.e. park offic
Page 69 and 70:
oth cubs were adopted by a wild ott
Page 71 and 72:
Chapter 2: Husbandry and Management
Page 73 and 74:
The following conditions (i.e. Numb
Page 75 and 76:
The provision of the conditions lis
Page 77 and 78:
proportionately increased and the w
Page 79 and 80:
does not offer the same advantages
Page 81 and 82:
*Note: Duplaix’s guidelines for o
Page 83 and 84:
dry easily, drain well, and be resi
Page 85 and 86:
It is necessary that every indoor a
Page 87 and 88:
Deep Digging Area Necessary For Eac
Page 89 and 90:
play, exercise etc. on. Note: when
Page 91 and 92:
Cleaning Procedures for Substrates
Page 93 and 94:
[4”] in width, could be placed 10
Page 95 and 96:
The aforementioned problems are cau
Page 97 and 98:
difficulties/abnormalities involvin
Page 99 and 100:
they could cause similar walking di
Page 101 and 102:
It is not uncommon that pink foot/t
Page 103 and 104:
No additional or detailed informati
Page 105 and 106:
provided as recommended, so that ot
Page 107 and 108:
housed. It also may be that the lon
Page 109 and 110:
or high humidity, esp. extended per
Page 111 and 112:
dry areas in enclosures should also
Page 113 and 114:
These husbandry provisions produce
Page 115 and 116:
underground den building which is a
Page 117 and 118:
more unsuitable the enclosure land
Page 119 and 120:
unfamiliar and temporarily separate
Page 121 and 122:
exposed to similar situations as ju
Page 123 and 124:
inappropriate the enclosure conditi
Page 125 and 126:
study. They also have been successf
Page 127 and 128:
furnishings will also remain drier
Page 129 and 130:
Live growing bamboo springs back up
Page 131 and 132:
Section 5 Locations and Designs for
Page 133 and 134:
all substrates) with/without vegeta
Page 135 and 136:
indoors. Otters can also use each c
Page 137 and 138:
Enclosures between 240 m² to 600 m
Page 139 and 140:
other than substrates, and toys fro
Page 141 and 142:
to help prevent water filtration/dr
Page 143 and 144:
Section 10B discusses the locations
Page 145 and 146:
areas may be sufficient when otters
Page 147 and 148:
their normal daily terrestrial acti
Page 149 and 150:
described below and in Section 12 b
Page 151 and 152:
hear, that even familiar keepers ar
Page 153 and 154:
nervous in behavior even during nor
Page 155 and 156:
expansive enclosures are available
Page 157 and 158:
the husbandry practices recommended
Page 159 and 160:
keep cubs from crawling out (Duplai
Page 161 and 162:
Chapter 1 for studies that should b
Page 163 and 164:
practices and enclosure designs all
Page 165 and 166:
care for the cubs (Schenck & Schenc
Page 167 and 168:
was moved to another enclosure (Gat
Page 169 and 170:
Inbreeding, physical, behavioral, a
Page 171 and 172:
underground dens in this expansive
Page 173 and 174:
Section 12 Natural Underground Dens
Page 175 and 176:
22.34 ft] (11 sites) ; Kabo creek (
Page 177 and 178:
Section 13 Den Construction “Den
Page 179 and 180:
should not be introduced with physi
Page 181 and 182:
door) could instead be made in the
Page 183 and 184:
Section 15 Toys & Methods for Addit
Page 185 and 186:
Although once items such as cardboa
Page 187 and 188:
e designed or modified with these c
Page 189 and 190:
Section 18 Introducing Unfamiliar &
Page 191 and 192:
have been housed together and then
Page 193 and 194:
contact introduction, i.e. to stop
Page 195 and 196:
Section 19 Diet and Feeding Only go
Page 197 and 198:
Cuiaba Zoo in Brazil (Marcato de Ol
Page 199 and 200:
are consumed in varying amounts acc
Page 201 and 202:
Captive giant otters have been obse
Page 203 and 204:
part of the target. The target we u
Page 205 and 206:
to secure the guillotine door with
Page 207 and 208:
it stays close to the target. This
Page 209 and 210:
these births may go undetected. Ult
Page 211 and 212:
those working with her, from being
Page 213 and 214: ody temperatures to be taken, when
Page 215 and 216: abnormally frequent or excessive, i
Page 217 and 218: with a male (other than growing up
Page 219 and 220: of course, because information rega
Page 221 and 222: seen entering the shelter alone, bu
Page 223 and 224: At Hagenbeck Tierpark, Wünnemann (
Page 225 and 226: 52.5 cm [20.6"]. It is assumed that
Page 227 and 228: cub weight growth curve in Graph 2
Page 229 and 230: contain glucose rather than sucrose
Page 231 and 232: and frequency after each toileting/
Page 233 and 234: Section 4 Toileting: To produce eli
Page 235 and 236: when no other better formula is ava
Page 237 and 238: prepared artificial milk replacers
Page 239 and 240: avoid dietary problems and help cub
Page 241 and 242: formula is accomplished. When cubs
Page 243 and 244: suggested above. The same feeding f
Page 245 and 246: successfully can often be difficult
Page 247 and 248: should then be allowed to lick the
Page 249 and 250: The general guideline that food/for
Page 251 and 252: very gently dipped in the bowl into
Page 253 and 254: enough), and explore while under su
Page 255 and 256: dig into, well-draining etc.) are n
Page 257 and 258: ecome healthy and their housing can
Page 259 and 260: Section 16 Companion Cubs and Handr
Page 261 and 262: Cubs must exercise and explore to p
Page 263: Table 3 : Summary of the internatio
Page 267 and 268: Days/ Months Sex Weight/Length (ent
Page 269 and 270: Table 7: Adult Giant Otter Weights
Page 271 and 272: Graph 2 : Giant Otter Cub Weight Gr
Page 273 and 274: Duplaix, N. 1980. Observations on t
Page 275 and 276: asiliensis, Gmelin, 1788) No Zooló
Page 277 and 278: Otter Colloquium Pietermaritzburg 1
show all

International Giant Otter Studbook Husbandry and Management

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?