NYMTC Regional Pedestrian Safety Study - New York Metropolitan ...

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Table of Contents continued 7 Recommendations 101 7.1 Make Safety a Priority 101 7.2 Promote Coordination and Collaboration 101 7.3 Provide Training in Pedestrian Safety 102 7.4 Educate the Public 103 7.5 Develop a Data Program 104 7.6 Develop a Plan for Funding Pedestrian Safety Projects 105 7.7 Identify a Pedestrian Advocate 105 References 107 Appendices Appendix A: Survey and Interview Instruments 114 Appendix B: Pedestrian Safety Contacts at Regional Agencies 121 Appendix C: Traffic Safety Board Contacts 127 Appendix D: On-Line Resources for Pedestrian Safety 129 Appendix E: NYCDOT Data on Pedestrian Fatalities in New York City 135 Appendix F: Prompt Lists for Pedestrian Safety 137 Table of Tables 1.1 Organizations That Were Interviewed 5 2.1 Total Traffic and Pedestrian Crashes – 2004 8 2.2 Pedestrian Crashes per Residential Population in 2004 8 2.2 Pedestrian Fatalities in NYMTC Region from 1994 to 2004 10 2.3 Pedestrian Actions Contributing to Fatal Pedestrian Crashes in the NYMTC Region –2004 11 2.5 Locations of Pedestrian Crashes in NYMTC Region in 2004 12 4.1 High Pedestrian Crash Locations Based on Crash Data 44 4.2 Specific Locations Mentioned as Unsafe for Pedestrians 46 5.1 Effect of Neckdowns on Crash Rates at Intersections in New York City 66 5.2 NYSDOT Survey of Public Acceptance of Roundabouts 68 5.3 Speed Impacts Downstream of Traffic Calming Measures 73 5.4 Volume Impacts of Traffic Calming Measures 74 5.5 Crash Reduction Factors for Engineering Measures 87 5.6 Additional Crash Reduction Factors 87 6.1 Appropriateness of TEA-21 Funding Programs for Typical Pedestrian Projects 98 NYMTC Pedestrian Safety Study ii
Table of Figures 2.1 Ten Year Trend in Pedestrian Fatalities in New York 9 2.2 Ten Year Trend in Pedestrian Fatalities in NYMTC Region 9 2.3 Historic Trend in Annual Pedestrian Fatalities in New York City 11 2.4 Pedestrian Fatality and Injury Rates by Age of Pedestrian and Location in Region 13 2.5 Pedestrian Fatality Rates by Age of Pedestrian 14 3.1 Staggered Fencing at Foot of Pedestrian Bridge 28 3.2 Safety City Class 32 5.1 Worn Path Suggests a Sidewalk is Needed 58 5.2 Walking in the Street 59 5.3 Non-Continuous Pedestrian Path 60 5.4 Raised Median with Non-raised Path for Wheelchairs 60 5.5 Before and After Installation of Raised Median with Slalom Path 61 5.6 Pedestrian Fencing 61 5.7 Impact of Speed on Pedestrian Fatalities 62 5.8 Gate at City College on New York Campus 65 5.9 Splitter Islands and Traffic Signs for Traffic Circles 67 5.10 Roundabout in Suffolk County 68 5.11 Example of a Road Diet 69 5.12 Before and After an Implementation of a Road Diet 70 5.13 Colored Pavement in Pearl River, New York 70 5.14 Use of Flexible Bollards and Paint for Cost-Effective Changes 73 5.15 Informational Sign for Signal Designations 75 5.16 Informational Sign for Countdown Signal 75 5.17 Split Phase Cycle 77 5.18 Crosswalk Marking Patterns 81 5.19 In-Pavement Warning 82 5.20 Sign to Increase Pedestrian Awareness 83 5.21 Sign to Increase Driver Awareness 84 5.22 Bus Stop below Subway Tracks without and with Raised Median 86 NYMTC Pedestrian Safety Study iii
Page 1 and 2: New York Metropolitan Transportatio
Page 3 and 4: 1. Report No. 2. Government Accessi
Page 5: Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1
Page 9 and 10: I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Study Origin an
Page 11 and 12: in the United States; the 2004 data
Page 13 and 14: Table 1.1 Organizations That Were I
Page 15 and 16: II. BACKGROUND ON PEDESTRIAN SAFETY
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2.1 Ten Year Trend in Pedest
Page 19 and 20: Figure 2.3 Historic Trend in Annual
Page 21 and 22: than fatality rates.) The most noti
Page 23 and 24: III. ORGANIZATIONS FOR PEDESTRIAN S
Page 25 and 26: • Updating and creating new stand
Page 27 and 28: The New York State Metropolitan Pla
Page 29 and 30: getting input from people who have
Page 31 and 32: i. 20% of priority crash locations
Page 33 and 34: located by reference marker (the sm
Page 35 and 36: that the proper signage and other t
Page 37 and 38: and funding has been secured to adv
Page 39 and 40: Westchester County and NYSDOT have
Page 41 and 42: programs in each borough. The NYCDO
Page 43 and 44: IV. PEDESTRIAN SAFETY ISSUES IN THE
Page 45 and 46: Drivers: Typical statements about d
Page 47 and 48: • Ability to lift foot high decre
Page 49 and 50: The national data indicates that th
Page 51 and 52: Vendors Vendors set up their carts
Page 53 and 54: Table 4.1 Continued Staten Island H
Page 55 and 56: 4.4 Existing Infrastructure and Lan
Page 57 and 58:
Some sidewalks are poorly designed
Page 59 and 60:
pedestrian design. At least one per
Page 61 and 62:
Crosswalks need to be more visible.
Page 63 and 64:
V COUNTERMEASURES AND STRATEGIES Th
Page 65 and 66:
timing and street lighting. New Jer
Page 67 and 68:
Providing Sidewalks: Walking-along-
Page 69 and 70:
the pedestrian crash rate was signi
Page 71 and 72:
Speed management through engineerin
Page 73 and 74:
nearby streets. Whereas Bus-pedestr
Page 75 and 76:
and have geometric curvature that e
Page 77 and 78:
Roadway narrowings are used to prov
Page 79 and 80:
have experienced a maintenance prob
Page 81 and 82:
measures with specific geographic a
Page 83 and 84:
and 3.0 feet per second more approp
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Figure 5.17 Split Phase Cycle Sourc
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Combined Automatic and Actuated Sig
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5.2.5 Visibility To insure safety,
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Pedestrian Crosswalk Signs: There a
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also be placed next to the stop lin
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Table 5.5 Crash Reduction Factors f
Page 97 and 98:
ask them to act as role models for
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5.3.3 Educating Local Officials and
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• Good planning and organization.
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VI. FUNDING Funding for pedestrian
Page 105 and 106:
York, Projects are chosen by the NY
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NHTSA distributes the Section 402 f
Page 109 and 110:
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS As noted in Ch
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o Safe Routes to School • NYMTC s
Page 113 and 114:
easy to use is residential populati
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REFERENCES American Council of the
Page 117 and 118:
ITE (1998) Design and Safety of Ped
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Parsons Brincherhoff Quade & Dougla
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Intentionally left blank. NYMTC Ped
Page 123 and 124:
Intentionally left blank. NYMTC Ped
Page 125 and 126:
NYMTC Pedestrian Safety Interview f
Page 127 and 128:
12. Do you have any strategies or t
Page 129 and 130:
Appendix B: PEDESTRIAN SAFETY CONTA
Page 131 and 132:
New York City Department of Transpo
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Suffolk County Department of Public
Page 135 and 136:
Appendix C: TRAFFIC SAFETY BOARD CO
Page 137 and 138:
Appendix D: ON LINE PEDESTRIAN SAFE
Page 139 and 140:
FARS Query System is an interactive
Page 141 and 142:
Education and Enforcement Counterme
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Appendix E: NEW YORK CITY FATATLIES
Page 145 and 146:
Appendix F: Prompt Lists for Pedest
Page 147 and 148:
Pedestrian Safety Prompt List Gener
Page 149 and 150:
pathway provide direct access to wa
Page 151 and 152:
If so, is there a sign that explain
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