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FINAL PROGRAMMATIC BIOLOGICAL OPINION ON U.S. NAVY ACTIVITIES IN THE HAWAII RANGE COMPLEX 2008-2013 Fagan, W.F., E. Meir, J. Prendergast, A. Folarin and P. Karieva. 2001. Characterizing population vulnerability for 758 species. Ecology Letters 4(2): 132 - 138. Fair, P.A. and P.R. Becker. 2000. Review of stress in marine mammals. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery 7: 335-354. Fechter, L.D. and B. Pouyatos. 2005. Ototoxicity. Environmental Health Perspective 113(7):A443-444. Félix, F. 2001. Observed changes of behavior in humpback whales during whalewatching encounters off Ecuador. 14th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals, Vancouver, Canada. Ferber, D. 2005. Sperm whales bear testimony to worldwide pollution. Science 309(5738): 1166. Fernandez, A. 2004. Pathological findings in stranded beaked whales during the naval military manoeuvers near the Canary Islands. Pages 37-40. European Cetacean Society Newsletter. Fernandez, A., J. F. Edwards, F. Rodriguez, A. Espinosa de los Monteros, P. Herraez, P. Castro, J. R. Jaber, V. Martin, and M. Arbelo. 2005. "Gas and fat embolic syndrome" involving a mass stranding of beaked whales (Family Ziphiidae) exposed to anthropogenic sonar signals. Veterinary Pathology 42:446 - 457. Fernandez, A., M. Arbelo, R. Deaville, I. A. P. Patterson, P. Castro, J. R. Baker, E. Degollada, H. M. Ross, P. Herraez, A. M. Pocknell, F. Rodriguez, F. E. Howie, A. Espinosa, R. J. Reid, J. R. Jaber, V. Martin, A. A. Cunningham, and P. D. Jepson. 2004. Beaked whales, sonar and decompression sickness. Nature 428:U1 - 2. Fernandez, A., M. Arbelo, R. Deaville, I. A. P. Patterson, P. Castro, J. R. Baker, E. Degollada, H. M. Ross, P. Herraez, A. M. Pocknell, F. Rodriguez, F. E. Howie, A. Espinosa, R. J. Reid, J. R. Jaber, V. Martin, A. A. Cunningham, and P. D. Jepson. 2004. Beaked whales, sonar and decompression sickness. Nature 428:U1 - 2. Fernandez, A., M. Arbelo, R. Deaville, I. A. P. Patterson, P. Castro, J. R. Baker, E. Degollada, H. M. Ross, P. Herraez, A. M. Pocknell, E. Rodriguez, F. E. Howie, A. Espinosa, R. J. Reid, J. R. Jaber, V. Martin, A. A. Cunningham, and P. D. Jepson. 2004. Pathology: Whales, sonar and decompression sickness (reply). Nature 428: Ferrero, R. C., J. Hodder, and J. Cesarone. 1994. Recent strandings of rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) on the Oregon and Washington coasts. Marine Mammal Science 10:114-115. Ferrero, R.C., D.P. DeMaster, P.S. Hill and M. Muto. 2000. Draft Alaska marine mammal stock assessments. National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington. Ficken, R.W., M.S. Ficken and J.P. Hailman. 1974. Temporal pattern shifts to avoid acoustic interference in singing birds. Science 183: 762-763. Fiedler P., S. Reilly, R. Hewitt, D. Demer, V. Philbrick, S. Smith, W. Armstrong, D. Croll, B. Tershy, Mate B 1998. Blue whale habitat and prey in the Channel Islands. Deep-Sea Res II 45: 1781-1801. Finley, K.J. 1982. The estuarine habit of the beluga or white whale Delphinapterus leucas. Cetus 4(2):4-5. 272
FINAL PROGRAMMATIC BIOLOGICAL OPINION ON U.S. NAVY ACTIVITIES IN THE HAWAII RANGE COMPLEX 2008-2013 Finneran, J. J. 2003. Whole-lung resonance in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and white whale (Delphinapterus leucas). The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 114:7. Finneran, J. J., and M. C. Hastings. 2000. A mathematical analysis of the peripheral auditory system mechanics in the goldfish (Carassius auratus). The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 108:14. Finneran, J. J., C. E. Schlundt, D. A. Carder, and S. H. Ridgway. 2002. Auditory filter shapes for the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) derived with notched noise. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 112:7. Finneran, J. J., C. E. Schlundt, R. Dear, D. A. Carder, and S. H. Ridgway. 2000. Masked temporary threshold shift (MTTS) in odontocetes after exposure to single underwater impulses from a seismic watergun. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 108:2515. Finneran, J. J., D. A. Carder, C. E. Schlundt, and S. H. Ridgway. 2005. Temporary threshold shift in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) exposed to mid-frequency tones. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 118:10. Finneran, J.J. and C.E. Schlundt. 2004. Effects of pure tones on the behavior of trained odontocetes. Technical Report 1913. U.S. Department of the Navy, SPAWAR Systems Center; San Diego, California. Forcada, J., A. Aguilar, P. Hammond and X. Pastor. 1996. Distribution and abundance of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the western Mediterranean sea during the summer. Journal of Zoology 238(1): 23. Forney, K. A., J. Barlow, M. M. Muto, M. Lowry, J. Baker, G. Cameron, J. Mobley, C. Stinchcomb, and J. V. Carretta. 2000. U.S. Pacific Marine Mammal Stock Assessmemts: 2000 DRAFT. NOAA Technical Memorandum. Southwest Fisheries Science Center; La Jolla, California. Forney, K. A., M. M. Muto, and J. Baker. 1999. U.S. Pacific marine mammal stock assessment: 1999. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-<strong>NMFS</strong>-SWFC-282, Southwest Fisheries Science Center; La Jolla, California. Forney, K. A., M. M. Muto, and J. Baker. 1999. U.S. Pacific marine mammal stock assessment: 1999. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-<strong>NMFS</strong>-SWFC-282, Southwest Fisheries Science Center; La Jolla, California. Forney, K.A., and R.L. Brownell, Jr. 1996. Preliminary report of the 1994 Aleutian Island marine mammal survey. paper SC/48/011 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, June 1996 (unpublished). Available SW Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, California. Fowler, G. S. 1999. Behavioral and hormonal responses of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) to tourism and nest site visitation. <strong>Biological</strong> Conservation 90:143-149. Fox. G.A. 1991. Practical causal inference for ecoepidemiologists. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 33: 359-379. Frankel, A. S. and C. W. Clark. 1998. Results of low-frequency playback of M-sequence noise to humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in Hawai’i. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76:521-535. 273
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