Statement of Additional Info - Gabelli
Statement of Additional Info - Gabelli
Statement of Additional Info - Gabelli
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matures. The precise projection <strong>of</strong> short term currency market movements is not possible, and short term hedging<br />
provides a means <strong>of</strong> fixing the dollar value <strong>of</strong> only a portion <strong>of</strong> the Fund's foreign assets.<br />
The Funds will not enter into forward contracts or maintain a net exposure to such contracts where the consummation <strong>of</strong><br />
the contracts would obligate a Fund to deliver an amount <strong>of</strong> foreign currency in excess <strong>of</strong> the value <strong>of</strong> the Fund's portfolio<br />
securities or other assets denominated in that currency. The Funds will “earmark” on the records <strong>of</strong> the Adviser or the<br />
Funds' custodian will place cash or other liquid high grade debt securities into a segregated account <strong>of</strong> a Fund in an<br />
amount equal to the value <strong>of</strong> the Fund's total assets committed to the consummation <strong>of</strong> forward foreign currency exchange<br />
contracts requiring the Fund to purchase foreign currencies or forward contracts entered into for non-hedging purposes.<br />
If the value <strong>of</strong> the securities placed in the segregated account declines, additional cash or securities will be placed in the<br />
account on a daily basis so that the value <strong>of</strong> the account will equal the amount <strong>of</strong> a Fund's commitments with respect to<br />
such contracts.<br />
The Funds generally will not enter into a forward contract with a term <strong>of</strong> greater than one year. Using forward contracts<br />
to protect the value <strong>of</strong> a Fund's portfolio securities against a decline in the value <strong>of</strong> a currency does not eliminate<br />
fluctuations in the underlying prices <strong>of</strong> the securities. It simply establishes a rate <strong>of</strong> exchange which a Fund can achieve<br />
at some future point in time.<br />
While the Funds will enter into forward contracts to reduce currency exchange rate risks, transactions in such contracts<br />
involve certain other risks. Thus, while a Fund may benefit from such transactions, unanticipated changes in currency<br />
prices may result in a poorer overall performance for a Fund than if it had not engaged in any such transactions.<br />
Moreover, there may be imperfect correlation between a Fund's portfolio holdings <strong>of</strong> securities denominated in a<br />
particular currency and forward contracts entered into by the Fund. Such imperfect correlation may prevent a Fund from<br />
achieving a complete hedge or may expose the Fund to risk <strong>of</strong> foreign exchange loss.<br />
Regulation <strong>of</strong> Certain Options, Currency Transactions and Other Derivative Transactions as Swaps or Security-Based<br />
Swaps. The U.S. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, enacted in July 2010, (the “Dodd-Frank<br />
Act”) includes provisions that comprehensively regulate the over-the-counter (i.e., not exchange-traded) derivatives<br />
markets for the first time. This regulation requires that certain <strong>of</strong> the options, currency transactions and other derivative<br />
transactions entered into by the Funds are regulated as swaps by the CFTC or regulated as security-based swaps by the<br />
SEC.<br />
The Dodd-Frank Act generally requires swaps and security-based swaps to be submitted for clearing to regulated clearing<br />
organization (the so-called "clearing mandate"), unless an exemption from clearing applies. Swaps and security-based<br />
swaps that are submitted for clearing will be subject to minimum initial and variation margin requirements set by the<br />
relevant clearing organization, as well as possible SEC- or CFTC-mandated margin requirements. Accordingly, dealers<br />
<strong>of</strong> swaps and security-based swaps (usually large commercial banks or other financial institutions) as well as other market<br />
participants will be required to post margin to the clearing organizations through which their swaps and/or security-based<br />
swaps are cleared. The SEC, CFTC and other U.S. regulators also are required to impose margin requirements on<br />
uncleared swap and uncleared security-based swap transactions. These changes with respect to clearing and margin<br />
likely will increase a dealer's costs, and those increased costs are expected to be passed through, at least partially, to<br />
market participants, including any Fund that uses swaps or security-based swaps.<br />
The Dodd-Frank Act also requires many swaps and security-based swaps that are currently executed on a bilateral basis<br />
in the over-the-counter market to be executed through a regulated securities, futures, or swap exchange or execution<br />
facility if those transactions are subject to the clearing mandate. Once such requirements become effective, it may be<br />
more difficult and costly for the Funds to continue to enter into customized swap or security-based swap transactions on a<br />
bilateral basis.<br />
In addition, dealers and major participants in the over-the-counter market are required to register with the SEC and/or<br />
CFTC. Registered dealers and major participants are subject to minimum capital and margin requirements, business<br />
conduct standards, disclosure requirements, reporting and recordkeeping requirements, position limits, limitations on<br />
conflicts <strong>of</strong> interest, and other regulatory burdens. These requirements may increase the overall costs for dealers and<br />
major participants in the over-the-counter market, and such increased costs are likely to be passed through, at least<br />
partially, to market participants, including any Fund that utilizes these instruments.<br />
The cumulative effects <strong>of</strong> the Dodd-Frank Act on swap and security-based swap transactions and on participants in the<br />
derivatives market remain uncertain.<br />
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