Vol 27 No 2 December - The Indian Society for Parasitology
Vol 27 No 2 December - The Indian Society for Parasitology
Vol 27 No 2 December - The Indian Society for Parasitology
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JPD : <strong>Vol</strong>. <strong>27</strong> (2), 2003<br />
Humoral immune response to helminths in fishes<br />
97<br />
were obtained in S. niger. <strong>The</strong> appearance of in β fraction. A similar situation occurs in teleosts<br />
precipitation patterns that were encountered in this immunized with antigens, increases in the β-2 and<br />
analysis were the molecules that share an identical gamma-1 globulins with fall in albumin levels were<br />
antigen structure and exhibited a pattern of complete noted by Summerfelt (1966) in immunized gold fish.<br />
coalescence of the precipitation lines, while those with Our results are in accordance with the findings of<br />
partial antigen difference show crossing over of Buchmann et al, (2001) who reported that both<br />
precipitin bands.<br />
specific and nonspecific factors in humoral and<br />
To conclude, S. niger and C. carpio infected with A. cellular branches of the fish immune system are well<br />
orieni and P. kashmirensis responded with the developed, thus production of specific antibodies in<br />
production of precipitating antibody to the antigens of the fish B-lymphoeyte against natural and synthetic<br />
these parasites. <strong>The</strong> low antibody titre may be partly antigens has been well characterized.<br />
explained by the relative insensitivity of the BIBLIOGRAPHY<br />
Ouchterlony tests. It is possible however that a large<br />
Alien E W and McDonial A. 1973. A study of the relationship of<br />
proportion of the serum antibody may be bound to the temperature to antibody <strong>for</strong>mation in the cold-blooded animals.<br />
parasite, and this could be significant where very large Journal of Immunology. 32: 143-9<br />
numbers of helminths occur in the host. Hence it is Bisset KD. 1948. <strong>The</strong> effect of temperature upon antibody<br />
possible that the parasites bound sufficient antibody so production in coldblooded vertebrates. Journal of pathology<br />
that very little is available <strong>for</strong> immunological assay.<br />
and Bacteriology. 60: 87-92.<br />
Buchmann K, Lindenstorm T, Bresciani J. 2001. Defence<br />
DISCUSSION<br />
mechanism against parasites in fish and the prospect <strong>for</strong><br />
<strong>The</strong> study of humoral immune response gave a deep vaccine. Acta Parasitologica, 46(2): 71-81.<br />
insight in understanding the impact of parasitism and Clem LW and Sigal MM. 1963. Comparative immunochemical<br />
ambient temperature on antibody production in the and immunological reactions in marine fishes with soluble viral<br />
and bacterial antigens. Federations Proceedings 22: 1138-49.<br />
fresh water fishes of the Kashmir waters. Our results<br />
are in accordance with Alien and McDonial (1973) and Clem LW and Leslie GA. 1969. Phylogeny of Immunoglobin<br />
structure and function in immunology and development, (ed.<br />
Bisset (1948) who reported a great effect of<br />
M. Adinolfi) pp. 62-88 Laven Press Ltd.<br />
temperature on the production of antibodies in fishes<br />
and other cold blooded animals. Cushing (1942) Clem<br />
Corbel MJ. 1975. <strong>The</strong> Immune response in fishes: a review. Journal<br />
of Fish Biology. 7: 539-53.<br />
and Sigal (1963) and Alien and McDonial (1973)<br />
suggested that the immune response of the fish is not as Cushing JE. 1942. An effect of temperature upon antibody<br />
production in fish. Journal of Immunology. 45: 123-9.<br />
fully evolved as that of higher vertebrates. <strong>The</strong> single<br />
class of immunoglobulins in fishes compared with the Evelyn TPT. 1971. <strong>The</strong> agglutinin response to Socky Salmon<br />
vaccinated intraperitonially with a heat killed preparation of<br />
several classes in mammals certainly supports this bacterium responsible <strong>for</strong> salmonid kidney disease. Journal of<br />
view, whether this lack of a wide range of Wild Life Diseases. 7: 328-35.<br />
immunoglobulin classes which results in deficiency of<br />
Fine J and Drilhen A. 1961. Existence de globulines de faible<br />
fish immune response to parasites is not yet known. mobilite electrophoretique dans Ie srum de languille soumise a<br />
Some examples of protective immunity have been des injections repetees de serum humane. Comptes rendus<br />
given by Nigerlli and Breeder (1934) who noted that hebdonadaires Des seances de LA cadame des sciences. 252 :<br />
3891-3.<br />
ability of marine fish to develop protection against the<br />
external parasite Benedenia. Other workers Harris JE. 1972. <strong>The</strong> immune response of a Cuprinoid fish to<br />
infection of the Acanthocephalan (Pomphorhynchus laevis).<br />
(Buchmann et al., 2001) have also recorded increase in<br />
International Journal <strong>Parasitology</strong>. 2: 459-469.<br />
the serum globulins of fishes infected with the<br />
Klontiz GW, Yasutake WT and Ross AJ. 1966. Bacterial disease of<br />
parasitic agents. As majority of teleost species have<br />
salmonidi in Western States; pathogenis of Furuncolisis in the<br />
β-electrophoretic mobility (Fine and Drilhen 1961; rainbow trout. American Journal ofVeterinary Research. <strong>27</strong>:<br />
Klontz et al., 1966: Evelyn, 1971 Marchalonis. 1971) 1455-1460<br />
it is consistent that the sera of infected C.carpio and S. Marchalonis J. 1971. Isolation and partial characterization of<br />
niger should show increase in the globulins, especially Immunoglobulins of Gold fish. Carassius auratus and carp<br />
(Cyprinus carpio).Immunology, 20; 161-173.