Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...

Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ... Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...

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38 Calculation of Batch Heat Transfer Coefficients If the jacket temperature was measured, the batch heat transfer coefficients may be calculated by first calculating the overall heat transfer coefficient using equation 1-1 and then determining the batch heat transfer coefficient using equation 1-2 (32,49~182). . , In order to use this equatlon the fouling factor, I/hf' the medium heat transfer coefficient, L :b ., and the resistance of the \.Jall, 'f:!. , •-m. must be determined • KlrJ The resistance of the wall may be calculated using the values of wall thickness and thermal conductivity. The fouling factor may be estimated from a knowledge of the condition of the heat transfer surface. The fouling factor is usually neglected on the basis of visual observation of the inside of the jacket. If condensing steam is the heating medium the film coefficient of the medium is often estimated to be about 2000, based on measurements for pipeso The batch heat transfer coefficient, h, is then the only unkn01tITl in equation 1-2 and can thus be calculated. If water is the heat transfer medium the estimation of hm becomes more difficuI t.. Heat trans fer coefficients for liquids are much Im-Jer than for condensing gases and depend largely upon velOCity. Very little work has been done in the field of correlations for the prediction of heat transfer coefficients for the jacket side of jacketed vessels. Many investigators use the vHlson method to determine the s~m of resistances to heat transfer on the heating or

J9 cooling mediu..:m side, the heat transfer wall, and that caused by fouling (30, 150, 19L~). If the flofJ rates of the heat transfer mediurQ are approxliaate1y the S8~e for all the heating (or cooling) runs and there is no evidence of fouling or corrosion of the heating surface the swn of these three resistances, ERR' may be asswned to be the same for all heating (or cooling) runs. Thus equation 1-2 may be 1,Jri tten as (2-30 for the heating runs and (2-31 for the cooling rlms, Hhere ERR and:ERc are the S1-1111S of the constant resistances for heating and cooling respectively_ Thus the only factor that changes the overall heat transfer coefficient, U, is a change in the batch heat transfer coefficient, h. Previous authors have reported that h is a function of the Reynolds number raised to the 2/3 p01-{er. (2-32 Thus equation 2-30 (or 2-31) may be written (2-33

J9<br />

cooling mediu..:m side, the <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong> wall, and that<br />

caused by fouling (30, 150, 19L~).<br />

If the fl<strong>of</strong>J rates <strong>of</strong><br />

the <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong> mediurQ are approxliaate1y the S8~e<br />

<strong>for</strong><br />

all the <strong>heat</strong>ing (or cooling) runs and there is no evidence<br />

<strong>of</strong> fouling or corrosion <strong>of</strong> the <strong>heat</strong>ing surface the swn <strong>of</strong><br />

these three resistances, ERR' may be asswned to be the same<br />

<strong>for</strong> all <strong>heat</strong>ing (or cooling) runs.<br />

Thus equation 1-2 may<br />

be 1,Jri tten as<br />

(2-30<br />

<strong>for</strong> the <strong>heat</strong>ing runs and<br />

(2-31<br />

<strong>for</strong> the cooling rlms, Hhere ERR and:ERc are the S1-1111S<br />

<strong>of</strong> the<br />

constant resistances <strong>for</strong> <strong>heat</strong>ing and cooling respectively_<br />

Thus the only factor that changes the overall <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong><br />

coefficient, U, is a change in the <strong>batch</strong> <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong> coefficient,<br />

h.<br />

Previous authors have reported that h is a function<br />

<strong>of</strong> the Reynolds number raised to the 2/3 p01-{er.<br />

(2-32<br />

Thus equation 2-30 (or 2-31) may be written<br />

(2-33

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