Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...
Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ... Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...
38 Calculation of Batch Heat Transfer Coefficients If the jacket temperature was measured, the batch heat transfer coefficients may be calculated by first calculating the overall heat transfer coefficient using equation 1-1 and then determining the batch heat transfer coefficient using equation 1-2 (32,49~182). . , In order to use this equatlon the fouling factor, I/hf' the medium heat transfer coefficient, L :b ., and the resistance of the \.Jall, 'f:!. , •-m. must be determined • KlrJ The resistance of the wall may be calculated using the values of wall thickness and thermal conductivity. The fouling factor may be estimated from a knowledge of the condition of the heat transfer surface. The fouling factor is usually neglected on the basis of visual observation of the inside of the jacket. If condensing steam is the heating medium the film coefficient of the medium is often estimated to be about 2000, based on measurements for pipeso The batch heat transfer coefficient, h, is then the only unkn01tITl in equation 1-2 and can thus be calculated. If water is the heat transfer medium the estimation of hm becomes more difficuI t.. Heat trans fer coefficients for liquids are much Im-Jer than for condensing gases and depend largely upon velOCity. Very little work has been done in the field of correlations for the prediction of heat transfer coefficients for the jacket side of jacketed vessels. Many investigators use the vHlson method to determine the s~m of resistances to heat transfer on the heating or
J9 cooling mediu..:m side, the heat transfer wall, and that caused by fouling (30, 150, 19L~). If the flofJ rates of the heat transfer mediurQ are approxliaate1y the S8~e for all the heating (or cooling) runs and there is no evidence of fouling or corrosion of the heating surface the swn of these three resistances, ERR' may be asswned to be the same for all heating (or cooling) runs. Thus equation 1-2 may be 1,Jri tten as (2-30 for the heating runs and (2-31 for the cooling rlms, Hhere ERR and:ERc are the S1-1111S of the constant resistances for heating and cooling respectively_ Thus the only factor that changes the overall heat transfer coefficient, U, is a change in the batch heat transfer coefficient, h. Previous authors have reported that h is a function of the Reynolds number raised to the 2/3 p01-{er. (2-32 Thus equation 2-30 (or 2-31) may be written (2-33
- Page 1 and 2: Copyright Warning & Restrictions Th
- Page 3 and 4: PREDICTION OF BATCH HEAT TRANSFER C
- Page 5 and 6: while the latter has five to seven
- Page 7 and 8: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The auther ex~ress
- Page 9 and 10: Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Introducticm
- Page 11 and 12: LIST OF FIGURES page 2-1 FlGW Behav
- Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BATCH HEAT T
- Page 15 and 16: 3 as pseudoplasticso Pseudoplastic
- Page 17 and 18: 5 ~n addition to studying the effec
- Page 19 and 20: 7 A B SLOPE = /'n- .( 10 ~y FIG 2-1
- Page 21 and 22: 15.5, 183, 185).. Most of their eff
- Page 23 and 24: va:ry withl. the slaear I'Rte.. 11.
- Page 25 and 26: 13 RHEOLOGIC_~ INVESTIGATION OFPO~~
- Page 27 and 28: IS In(s) (2-8 (2-9 where Re is the
- Page 29 and 30: '7 ft~ easier method of calibrating
- Page 31 and 32: 19 of' thixotropic breakdown l'Ji t
- Page 33 and 34: 21 complicated by a variable viscos
- Page 35 and 36: 2J Schultz-GrQnow (174) used a dime
- Page 37 and 38: 2S The results shm-red that equatio
- Page 39 and 40: Su.bstituti011 of equati 2-22 gives
- Page 41 and 42: 29 In both Newtonian and non-Newton
- Page 43 and 44: 31 for viscous pseudoplas tics at 1
- Page 45 and 46: 33 (2-29 when both the distances ar
- Page 47 and 48: JS Thermometers or thermocouples ar
- Page 49: .37 2: a in in heat cQ@tent of the
- Page 53 and 54: 41 ports a value of 3/4-.. He then
- Page 55 and 56: 43 find the effects of one or two o
- Page 57 and 58: 45 The group to the left of the equ
- Page 59 and 60: 47 the highest heat tra...nsfer coe
- Page 61 and 62: 49 A pitched blade turbine gave coe
- Page 63 and 64: SI done on the correlation of heat
- Page 65 and 66: 5J evaluated at the wall temperatur
- Page 67 and 68: ss to (2-46 where ill is the consis
- Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER .2 DEVELOPMENT OF CORRELATI
- Page 71 and 72: momentum" mass" and energy may be ~
- Page 73 and 74: 61 Vr;> Jt.- ,,"Ii'\... ..", ::: (V
- Page 75 and 76: 63 Substitution of these dimensionl
- Page 77 and 78: l/(R + 1) and was able t@ elim.iE.a
- Page 79 and 80: 67 All of the variables and differe
- Page 81 and 82: 69 The average heat transfer coeffi
- Page 83 and 84: N"v = C Iv''' (;';~-"')&'i'~ (%t-n,
- Page 85 and 86: 73 Semi-Empirical Correlation i ..,
- Page 87 and 88: 75 7I1C1?/lfOCOUPLc .JuNe T/ON IMBE
- Page 89 and 90: 77 _I"---- / SCALE I ~~, .5 j t /Z.
- Page 91 and 92: also cop~ected to the pipes leading
- Page 93 and 94: 81 Ve8sel :J all th:l c]me 8 8 .) '
- Page 95 and 96: 83 potentiometer for varing the mot
- Page 97 and 98: 85 MATERIAL 7:0 STAIIJLESS STEEL /
- Page 99 and 100: 11 Wa.ll (Mi€1dl~) Same as #5 81
J9<br />
cooling mediu..:m side, the <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong> wall, and that<br />
caused by fouling (30, 150, 19L~).<br />
If the fl<strong>of</strong>J rates <strong>of</strong><br />
the <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong> mediurQ are approxliaate1y the S8~e<br />
<strong>for</strong><br />
all the <strong>heat</strong>ing (or cooling) runs and there is no evidence<br />
<strong>of</strong> fouling or corrosion <strong>of</strong> the <strong>heat</strong>ing surface the swn <strong>of</strong><br />
these three resistances, ERR' may be asswned to be the same<br />
<strong>for</strong> all <strong>heat</strong>ing (or cooling) runs.<br />
Thus equation 1-2 may<br />
be 1,Jri tten as<br />
(2-30<br />
<strong>for</strong> the <strong>heat</strong>ing runs and<br />
(2-31<br />
<strong>for</strong> the cooling rlms, Hhere ERR and:ERc are the S1-1111S<br />
<strong>of</strong> the<br />
constant resistances <strong>for</strong> <strong>heat</strong>ing and cooling respectively_<br />
Thus the only factor that changes the overall <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong><br />
coefficient, U, is a change in the <strong>batch</strong> <strong>heat</strong> <strong>transfer</strong> coefficient,<br />
h.<br />
Previous authors have reported that h is a function<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Reynolds number raised to the 2/3 p01-{er.<br />
(2-32<br />
Thus equation 2-30 (or 2-31) may be written<br />
(2-33