Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...

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50 A ::: Apr ... B ::: C p ::: CPr ::: D ::: TABLE OF NOIVJE1'l,CLATURE' ENGLISH ALPHABET ----------~' . . Heat Transfer Area Constant in Prandtl eq. 2-18 Constant in Powell-Eyring equation Heat capacity Constant in Prandtl equation, eq. 2-18 Pipe or tube diameter Da ::: Dc == Impeller dim.~eter Diameter of coil tubing. DR ::: Dia~eter of coil helix Dt "" F =. Vessel diameter Statistical parameter gc ::: Dj~ensional (ft/sec. 2 ) conversion factor, 32.17 (lbm!lbr) gz : Acceleration due to gravity in z direction HC ::: Clearance betv.reen bottom of agi tator and vessel bottom H CH ::: Height of center of impeller (vertical direction), above vessel bottom HL ::: Height of liquid HV = Depth of vortex (inches) h ::: Average heat transfer coefficient of batch lit = Pseudo heat transfer coefficient defined in eq. 4-13 hb ::: Height of bob or spindle of rotating cylinder viscometer h f ::: Beat transfer coefficient of fouling material
lSI ::: ... ::: Local heat transfer coefficient Heat transfer coefficient of' jacket medium. Conversion factor for mech&~ical to heat energy ~ 2.39 x 10- 8 cal/erg K Fluid consistency index, pOi-ver lal-J equation ::: = :: = :::: Oonstant in eq. 2-19 Fluid consistency index evaluated at wall temperature Thermal conductivity of batch fluid Therm~l conductivity of the metal wall Thickness of metal resistance ::: Torque = Function of fluid consistency index, m :::: m evaluated at l.rall temperature K 8 n - l Number of data points N ::: ::: n ... ::: Rotational speed in revolutions/sec. or revolutions/min. 11aximum rotational speed of viscometer (RPI'1) Flm1 behavior index in power la1AT Slope of logarithmic plot of \Forque versus RPI'1 'If TIa ::: Number of blades on impeller = Reference number of blades on impeller Number of baffles Neference number of baffles ::: P01AJer p ::: Pressure :::: Dimensionless pressure defined by eq. 3-14 ::: Pressure at a particular position
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Copyright Warning & Restrictions Th
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PREDICTION OF BATCH HEAT TRANSFER C
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while the latter has five to seven
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The auther ex~ress
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Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Introducticm
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LIST OF FIGURES page 2-1 FlGW Behav
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BATCH HEAT T
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3 as pseudoplasticso Pseudoplastic
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5 ~n addition to studying the effec
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7 A B SLOPE = /'n- .( 10 ~y FIG 2-1
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15.5, 183, 185).. Most of their eff
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va:ry withl. the slaear I'Rte.. 11.
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13 RHEOLOGIC_~ INVESTIGATION OFPO~~
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IS In(s) (2-8 (2-9 where Re is the
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'7 ft~ easier method of calibrating
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19 of' thixotropic breakdown l'Ji t
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21 complicated by a variable viscos
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2J Schultz-GrQnow (174) used a dime
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2S The results shm-red that equatio
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Su.bstituti011 of equati 2-22 gives
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29 In both Newtonian and non-Newton
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31 for viscous pseudoplas tics at 1
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33 (2-29 when both the distances ar
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JS Thermometers or thermocouples ar
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.37 2: a in in heat cQ@tent of the
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J9 cooling mediu..:m side, the heat
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41 ports a value of 3/4-.. He then
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43 find the effects of one or two o
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45 The group to the left of the equ
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47 the highest heat tra...nsfer coe
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49 A pitched blade turbine gave coe
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SI done on the correlation of heat
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5J evaluated at the wall temperatur
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ss to (2-46 where ill is the consis
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CHAPTER .2 DEVELOPMENT OF CORRELATI
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momentum" mass" and energy may be ~
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61 Vr;> Jt.- ,,"Ii'\... ..", ::: (V
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63 Substitution of these dimensionl
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l/(R + 1) and was able t@ elim.iE.a
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67 All of the variables and differe
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69 The average heat transfer coeffi
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N"v = C Iv''' (;';~-"')&'i'~ (%t-n,
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73 Semi-Empirical Correlation i ..,
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75 7I1C1?/lfOCOUPLc .JuNe T/ON IMBE
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77 _I"---- / SCALE I ~~, .5 j t /Z.
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also cop~ected to the pipes leading
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81 Ve8sel :J all th:l c]me 8 8 .) '
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83 potentiometer for varing the mot
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85 MATERIAL 7:0 STAIIJLESS STEEL /
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11 Wa.ll (Mi€1dl~) Same as #5 81
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89 shea.r ra.tes, tl?1ey a.re unaff
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and if' lO"V'l$' a sm.all amount of
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94- was about 40-45 ndmutes .. Tke
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96 vThere N is in rev./sec .. and S
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88 ql\fETI A = 6 T \--T -s L/kw (1+
Page 112 and 113: I {)D The generalized Reynolds n~mb
Page 114 and 115: 02. CHAPTER !2. RESUI,TS Many heat
Page 116 and 117: 01 TABLE 5-2 sutn~U{Y OF ADDITIONAL
Page 118 and 119: 108 the batch than the other ticJO
Page 120 and 121: 108 optimum impeller heights were u
Page 122 and 123: 10 I r "'" , •• ,'., "",' """",
Page 124 and 125: 112 correlations for the prediction
Page 126 and 127: TABLE 5 - 4 Correlation Constants A
Page 128 and 129: 1/6 Table 5-5 and 5-6. A measure of
Page 130 and 131: TABLE S - 6 IMPELLER Correlation Co
Page 132 and 133: 120 greater than 2.0. In this case
Page 134 and 135: 12.2
Page 136 and 137: TABLE 5 - 9 CORRELATION E t (a/n +1
Page 138 and 139: TABLE 5 - 10 IMPELLER Correlation C
Page 140 and 141: TABLE 5 - 11 CORRELATION G (1.30/61
Page 142 and 143: 1.30 of the substantial improvement
Page 144 and 145: 1.3 2. The probable error in the ca
Page 146 and 147: 134 .,;' : :: :::: : ~ !~. , " . .'
Page 148 and 149: T." ••••••• ,_ .....
Page 150 and 151: 38 the cooling of nitration liquors
Page 152 and 153: 140 The average deviation of the me
Page 154 and 155: 42 tween 0.25 and 0.58. L~~l had re
Page 156 and 157: 144 transfer coefficients to non-Ne
Page 158 and 159: 16 of fit and it may t...herefore b
Page 160 and 161: 148 'tvas insufficient data to eval
Page 164 and 165: 52. Q ::. Average heat transfer rat
Page 166 and 167: Xc = Function of Reynolds nL:l.m.be
Page 168 and 169: IS6 G REE:>{ ALPHABET 0 ::: Value o
Page 170 and 171: 158 coefficient. Thus, for the wate
Page 172 and 173: 160 , ., I .. : I :. '. • • !.
Page 174 and 175: 162 I , . I . "I '1 I i I 1 I 1· '
Page 176 and 177: 64 ncr --~iIluto e torque of the in
Page 178 and 179: 166 rive different temperatures; ab
Page 180 and 181: 168 TABLE A-4. SLOPE OF "LOG SHEAR
Page 182 and 183: TABLE 11.-5 RHEOLOGICAL DATA FOR CA
Page 184 and 185: TABLE A-5 (eollt. ) /12 o . 24;;& C
Page 186 and 187: '11 The flow behavior index and flu
Page 188 and 189: i .f.C ·F s o 6 1 6 I
Page 190 and 191: · . . . " , · . :::11" ': "'" ~ .
Page 192 and 193: 180 Tke thermal e€l1'!ciluetlvity
Page 194 and 195: 182 Heat capacity data for 100% gly
Page 196 and 197: IB4- wkiek ex~resses the aensity e
Page 198 and 199: 186 Ts - Torque X :: Peree~t 0~ ful
Page 200 and 201: Phase I Calcu13tiJ~ of Slope of !oG
Page 202 and 203: 3 REAL). N. ti •• D 4 cN=N E'I'
Page 204 and 205: ~~-- ~---- --~--~ ~~~--------------
Page 206 and 207: Phase IV Correlation of Flow Behavi
Page 208 and 209: 96 HEAT TRANSFER DATA FOR WA'fER US
Page 210 and 211: DATA /98 Batch \'ieight '" 94 •.
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zoo Run Center Dia!!1ec;er Ri'M Are
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DATA 20l. WATER - TUHBINSS Batch We
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204- HEAT T'rtANSFEH DATA USED IN C
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DATA ANCHor;: 206 Batch :'Ieight =
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2.08 Run Diameter RP!'1 Area Dynamo
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DAT_': 210 "i'ADDI,ES 9:5.7'10 GLYC
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212 DATA PADDLES 0.15 PEHC:::N'r CA
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211- D!~ 'I'l\. PA-:JDLES 0.20 PERC
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~;:. 'I'A 3.16 P.;'DDLES 0.24 PEHCE
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2/8 DATA PROPELL:SH3 0.15 P:~RCEN'l
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DATA DISK & VANE 'l'URBINE \'iATER
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2.22 DATA Tu.'i:SINES 0.15 PERCENT
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CALCULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER AND PR
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________________ ~parent viscosity
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------------------------ -_._------
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~--~, ~ ---- ---- -----------~-----
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232 NOMEliCLATURE FOR BEAT TRANSFER
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2.34- CALCULATED RSSULTS WATER Run
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2,36 Run Center Diameter h NNu Npo
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2.38 CALCULAT'ED ~E~:UL'rS ?!ATER P
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CALCULA'rED 1-{E8iiLlJ. 1 S \.;!\.'
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CALC:_:LA'i'ED _12:-)ULTS 24c. ANCH
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CALCULATEDR3SULTS PADDLE - CENTER H
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CALCULATED HESULTS 216 PADDLES - CE
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248 CALCULATED RESULTS PADDLES - CE
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CALCULATED RE:>ULTS 2. So PADDLf~S
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PADDLES - CALCULATED RE6ULTS CENTSH
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255 CALCULATED !tESULTS PROPELLERS
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CALCULA'rED RELmL'l'S PROPELLr~RS -
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CALCULATED HESULTS DISK AND VANE ;r
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DISK AND VAI'E .rU~1BINES CALCULATE
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DISK AND VANE '.i.'UR13HiES - CEl'i
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26S RESULT,:; U:3ED FOR REGRESSION
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of a least squares line can be calc
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269 (0-9 where y "" log NNu xl = lo
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-------------- -.Basi.c "Progr.a.rr
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-----------~---------- -~----------
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--~-------------- ------ ~~ -------
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Modi fi cati onB-foT' ev:alnatj ng-
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constants forco~~~latjQn F --------
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.------~.~~-- ---------------------
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28.J ENGLISH ALPHABET . - ¢,'"'~-=
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References 2.8S 1. ') L. 3. Lt- •
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287 56. 57. 58. C:;o ./ / . 60. 61.
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289 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 12L~
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176. 177. 178. 179. 1(30. 181. 182.
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Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...

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