Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...

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02. CHAPTER !2. RESUI,TS Many heat transfer runs 1,\fere made '\vith water in the vessel in order to gain familiarity l..ri th the equipment and to obtain enough information to formulate the program to be fol101,-led with the non-Nelvtonian fluids e To be more specific, 319 data points ,,,ere obtained using the many i...mpellers ,listed in Chapter ~_.. 163 of these points 1,..Jere not used for evaluating the constants of the correlations because the impellers "Jere not at the standard posi tions listed in Table 5-1. These data, summarized in Table 5-2, provided much qualitative and quantitative information about the "Hall temperature, the effect of i...mpeller position, and the impeller geometry .. 156 of the "\..Jater data points 1-Jere measured at the impeller heights listed in Table 5-1. These data, in addition to 297 data points obtained with glycerine and Carbopol solutions, "t-Jere used in evaluating constants for the correlations discussed later in this chapter.
03 TABLE 5-1 INPELLER POSITIONS USED IN TIm i'lAJOR PORTION OF THE THESIS Anchor 5 tf clearance HelHL :: 0.261 Paddle 7 1l center height HeH/HL ::: 0.378 Propeller lOll clearance EelHL = 0" 5}~.o Turbine 7" center height ECH/EL :: 0.378 Note: At 7 11 center heiGht the impeller is at 1/3 the fluid height and about 1/2 the heat transfer surface. t CLEAR.ANCE t f CENTER I-IEIGI-IT j
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Copyright Warning & Restrictions Th
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PREDICTION OF BATCH HEAT TRANSFER C
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while the latter has five to seven
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The auther ex~ress
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Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Introducticm
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LIST OF FIGURES page 2-1 FlGW Behav
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BATCH HEAT T
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3 as pseudoplasticso Pseudoplastic
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5 ~n addition to studying the effec
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7 A B SLOPE = /'n- .( 10 ~y FIG 2-1
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15.5, 183, 185).. Most of their eff
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va:ry withl. the slaear I'Rte.. 11.
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13 RHEOLOGIC_~ INVESTIGATION OFPO~~
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IS In(s) (2-8 (2-9 where Re is the
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'7 ft~ easier method of calibrating
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19 of' thixotropic breakdown l'Ji t
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21 complicated by a variable viscos
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2J Schultz-GrQnow (174) used a dime
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2S The results shm-red that equatio
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Su.bstituti011 of equati 2-22 gives
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29 In both Newtonian and non-Newton
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31 for viscous pseudoplas tics at 1
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33 (2-29 when both the distances ar
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JS Thermometers or thermocouples ar
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.37 2: a in in heat cQ@tent of the
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J9 cooling mediu..:m side, the heat
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41 ports a value of 3/4-.. He then
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43 find the effects of one or two o
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45 The group to the left of the equ
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47 the highest heat tra...nsfer coe
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49 A pitched blade turbine gave coe
Page 63 and 64: SI done on the correlation of heat
Page 65 and 66: 5J evaluated at the wall temperatur
Page 67 and 68: ss to (2-46 where ill is the consis
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER .2 DEVELOPMENT OF CORRELATI
Page 71 and 72: momentum" mass" and energy may be ~
Page 73 and 74: 61 Vr;> Jt.- ,,"Ii'\... ..", ::: (V
Page 75 and 76: 63 Substitution of these dimensionl
Page 77 and 78: l/(R + 1) and was able t@ elim.iE.a
Page 79 and 80: 67 All of the variables and differe
Page 81 and 82: 69 The average heat transfer coeffi
Page 83 and 84: N"v = C Iv''' (;';~-"')&'i'~ (%t-n,
Page 85 and 86: 73 Semi-Empirical Correlation i ..,
Page 87 and 88: 75 7I1C1?/lfOCOUPLc .JuNe T/ON IMBE
Page 89 and 90: 77 _I"---- / SCALE I ~~, .5 j t /Z.
Page 91 and 92: also cop~ected to the pipes leading
Page 93 and 94: 81 Ve8sel :J all th:l c]me 8 8 .) '
Page 95 and 96: 83 potentiometer for varing the mot
Page 97 and 98: 85 MATERIAL 7:0 STAIIJLESS STEEL /
Page 99 and 100: 11 Wa.ll (Mi€1dl~) Same as #5 81
Page 101 and 102: 89 shea.r ra.tes, tl?1ey a.re unaff
Page 103: and if' lO"V'l$' a sm.all amount of
Page 106 and 107: 94- was about 40-45 ndmutes .. Tke
Page 108 and 109: 96 vThere N is in rev./sec .. and S
Page 110 and 111: 88 ql\fETI A = 6 T \--T -s L/kw (1+
Page 112 and 113: I {)D The generalized Reynolds n~mb
Page 116 and 117: 01 TABLE 5-2 sutn~U{Y OF ADDITIONAL
Page 118 and 119: 108 the batch than the other ticJO
Page 120 and 121: 108 optimum impeller heights were u
Page 122 and 123: 10 I r "'" , •• ,'., "",' """",
Page 124 and 125: 112 correlations for the prediction
Page 126 and 127: TABLE 5 - 4 Correlation Constants A
Page 128 and 129: 1/6 Table 5-5 and 5-6. A measure of
Page 130 and 131: TABLE S - 6 IMPELLER Correlation Co
Page 132 and 133: 120 greater than 2.0. In this case
Page 134 and 135: 12.2
Page 136 and 137: TABLE 5 - 9 CORRELATION E t (a/n +1
Page 138 and 139: TABLE 5 - 10 IMPELLER Correlation C
Page 140 and 141: TABLE 5 - 11 CORRELATION G (1.30/61
Page 142 and 143: 1.30 of the substantial improvement
Page 144 and 145: 1.3 2. The probable error in the ca
Page 146 and 147: 134 .,;' : :: :::: : ~ !~. , " . .'
Page 148 and 149: T." ••••••• ,_ .....
Page 150 and 151: 38 the cooling of nitration liquors
Page 152 and 153: 140 The average deviation of the me
Page 154 and 155: 42 tween 0.25 and 0.58. L~~l had re
Page 156 and 157: 144 transfer coefficients to non-Ne
Page 158 and 159: 16 of fit and it may t...herefore b
Page 160 and 161: 148 'tvas insufficient data to eval
Page 162 and 163: 50 A ::: Apr ... B ::: C p ::: CPr
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52. Q ::. Average heat transfer rat
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Xc = Function of Reynolds nL:l.m.be
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IS6 G REE:>{ ALPHABET 0 ::: Value o
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158 coefficient. Thus, for the wate
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160 , ., I .. : I :. '. • • !.
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162 I , . I . "I '1 I i I 1 I 1· '
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64 ncr --~iIluto e torque of the in
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166 rive different temperatures; ab
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168 TABLE A-4. SLOPE OF "LOG SHEAR
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TABLE 11.-5 RHEOLOGICAL DATA FOR CA
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TABLE A-5 (eollt. ) /12 o . 24;;& C
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'11 The flow behavior index and flu
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i .f.C ·F s o 6 1 6 I
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· . . . " , · . :::11" ': "'" ~ .
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180 Tke thermal e€l1'!ciluetlvity
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182 Heat capacity data for 100% gly
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IB4- wkiek ex~resses the aensity e
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186 Ts - Torque X :: Peree~t 0~ ful
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Phase I Calcu13tiJ~ of Slope of !oG
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3 REAL). N. ti •• D 4 cN=N E'I'
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~~-- ~---- --~--~ ~~~--------------
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Phase IV Correlation of Flow Behavi
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96 HEAT TRANSFER DATA FOR WA'fER US
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DATA /98 Batch \'ieight '" 94 •.
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zoo Run Center Dia!!1ec;er Ri'M Are
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DATA 20l. WATER - TUHBINSS Batch We
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204- HEAT T'rtANSFEH DATA USED IN C
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DATA ANCHor;: 206 Batch :'Ieight =
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2.08 Run Diameter RP!'1 Area Dynamo
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DAT_': 210 "i'ADDI,ES 9:5.7'10 GLYC
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212 DATA PADDLES 0.15 PEHC:::N'r CA
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211- D!~ 'I'l\. PA-:JDLES 0.20 PERC
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~;:. 'I'A 3.16 P.;'DDLES 0.24 PEHCE
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2/8 DATA PROPELL:SH3 0.15 P:~RCEN'l
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DATA DISK & VANE 'l'URBINE \'iATER
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2.22 DATA Tu.'i:SINES 0.15 PERCENT
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CALCULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER AND PR
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________________ ~parent viscosity
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------------------------ -_._------
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~--~, ~ ---- ---- -----------~-----
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232 NOMEliCLATURE FOR BEAT TRANSFER
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2.34- CALCULATED RSSULTS WATER Run
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2,36 Run Center Diameter h NNu Npo
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2.38 CALCULAT'ED ~E~:UL'rS ?!ATER P
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CALCULA'rED 1-{E8iiLlJ. 1 S \.;!\.'
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CALC:_:LA'i'ED _12:-)ULTS 24c. ANCH
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CALCULATEDR3SULTS PADDLE - CENTER H
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CALCULATED HESULTS 216 PADDLES - CE
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248 CALCULATED RESULTS PADDLES - CE
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CALCULATED RE:>ULTS 2. So PADDLf~S
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PADDLES - CALCULATED RE6ULTS CENTSH
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255 CALCULATED !tESULTS PROPELLERS
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CALCULA'rED RELmL'l'S PROPELLr~RS -
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CALCULATED HESULTS DISK AND VANE ;r
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DISK AND VAI'E .rU~1BINES CALCULATE
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DISK AND VANE '.i.'UR13HiES - CEl'i
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26S RESULT,:; U:3ED FOR REGRESSION
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of a least squares line can be calc
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269 (0-9 where y "" log NNu xl = lo
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-------------- -.Basi.c "Progr.a.rr
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-----------~---------- -~----------
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--~-------------- ------ ~~ -------
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Modi fi cati onB-foT' ev:alnatj ng-
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constants forco~~~latjQn F --------
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.------~.~~-- ---------------------
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28.J ENGLISH ALPHABET . - ¢,'"'~-=
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References 2.8S 1. ') L. 3. Lt- •
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287 56. 57. 58. C:;o ./ / . 60. 61.
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289 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 12L~
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176. 177. 178. 179. 1(30. 181. 182.
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Prediction of batch heat transfer coefficients for pseudoplastic fluids ...

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