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282 Selected Studies on Software and Information Systems
Current browsers support a list of features which aid users during browsing. These
can be divided into:
− Browser-based tools, which are implemented in the browser itself and are thus independent
from the viewed information space and its contents (e.g., bookmarks or the
forward and back buttons).
− View-based tools, which are contained in individual views and originate from and/or
are provided by the information space itself (e.g., link annotation on a web page).
Figure 10-8. Examples of adaptation techniques used by our adaptive faceted browser Factic.
Adaptation, annotation and recommendation of facets (left), adaptation and annotation
of search results (center).
10.5.1 Browser-Based Navigation Tools
Several browser-based navigation tools have already been developed and successfully
implemented in practical solutions. Other tools were proposed and evaluated with promising
results, yet are still unavailable in mainstream web browsers:
− Back button, which enables users to backtrack their path through the information
space. It is actually one of the most used navigation tools accounting for about 14 %
of clicks, being second only to following links that account for about 43 % of clicks
(Weinrich et al., 2006). Two paradigms for the back button were explored – stack
based and history based, though studies indicate that there is no significant difference
between the two for common users (Levene & Wheeldon, 2004).