Anaphylaxis in Schools 3rd Edition

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Appendix K Glossary ACE inhibitor: a type of medication used to treat heart disease or high blood pressure which may worsen an allergic reaction. Adrenaline: a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands in response to stressful situations. In synthetic form it is known as epinephrine. Allergen: a substance capable of causing an allergic reaction, i.e. pollens, moulds, animal dander, house dust mites, foods, insect stings, medications, natural latex, etc. Allergic reaction: an adverse immune response following repeated contact with otherwise harmless substances such as pollens, moulds, foods, or drugs. Allergist: a medical doctor who has first specialized in internal medicine or pediatrics and then has obtained additional subspecialty training required to qualify as a specialist in allergy and immunology. Allergy: an altered immune response caused by a specific substance. Anaphylaxis: a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. Antihistamine: a drug that blocks the effects of histamine, which is one of the substances released into the tissues during an allergic reaction. Asthma: a common chronic condition affecting the lungs, characterized by inflammation, constriction of the muscles surrounding the airways and excess mucus production. Symptoms may include cough, wheeze, or breathlessness. Auto-injector: a “user-friendly” pre-loaded syringe used to administer epinephrine. Beta-blocker: a type of medication used to treat heart disease or high blood pressure which may interfere with the action of epinephrine and worsen the allergic reaction. Chronic: present for a long time. Epinephrine: a synthetic version of the hormone adrenaline; used in the treatment of anaphylaxis and life-threatening asthma attacks. Hives: a skin condition of smooth, slightly elevated bumps or welts, which are redder or paler white than the surrounding skin and are accompanied by severe itching. Not all hives are allergic in origin. 58 Anaphylaxis in Schools & Other Settings Copyright © 2005-2014 Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Idiopathic reaction: a reaction that results from an unknown cause. Appendix K Immune system: the infection-fighting part of the body; in allergic individuals, harmless substances trigger the immune system to “fight”. Immunology: the science and study of the immune system. Immunotherapy: a series of desensitizing injections (allergy shots) prescribed by an allergist that may be used to protect against allergy – extremely small amounts of an allergen, such as stinging insect venom, are gradually given in increasing dosages until a tolerance develops – not available for all allergens. Oral immunotherapy: an experimental desensitization treatment for food allergy. With this treatment, extremely small amounts of an allergen are gradually given in increasing dosages until a tolerance develops (the patient eats the food to which they are allergic). Not yet available as a routine treatment option. Proteins: complex chemical substances made of amino acids; proteins are essential constituents of all living cells. Protocol: a written plan to follow for management of a condition in case of an emergency; useful tool for schools, day cares, summer camps, etc. Sensitization: an allergic response to an allergen that results in specific IgE antibodies being produced that allow allergic reactions whenever subsequent exposure occurs. Skin tests: The placement of a small, dilute amount of allergen onto the skin of the arm or back, through which the skin is pricked, or the injection of a small, dilute amount of allergen under the skin. If the patient is allergic to that substance, a small raised area surrounded by redness will appear at the test site within 15 minutes. Systemic reaction: An allergic reaction that affects the whole body or body system, as opposed to a local reaction that is confined to the immediate area of exposure. Triggers: Factors that can provoke allergic reactions or asthma episodes, including allergens and irritants. Urticaria (see Hives) Note: This is not an extensive list of terms. You can find more terms at the following websites: www.aaia.ca or www.anaphylaxis.ca. Anaphylaxis in Schools & Other Settings Copyright © 2005-2014 Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 59
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Anaphylaxis in Schools & Other Sett
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Copyright © 2005-2014 Canadian Soc
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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Executive Summary Executive Summary
Page 9 and 10:
Consensus Statement Consensus State
Page 11 and 12: If an allergic person expresses any
Page 13 and 14: Other Factors to Consider • Prev
Page 15 and 16: 3. All individuals receiving epinep
Page 17 and 18: Avoidance Strategies Consensus Stat
Page 19 and 20: -- Stay away from areas where sting
Page 21 and 22: child/school with an epinephrine au
Page 23 and 24: Training & Communication Consensus
Page 25 and 26: References Consensus Statement 1. S
Page 27 and 28: Appendices Consensus Appendices Sta
Page 29 and 30: of position may lower their blood p
Page 31 and 32: School Anaphylaxis Plan Appendix C
Page 33 and 34: • Have the child wear medical id
Page 35 and 36: Given that anaphylaxis can be trigg
Page 37 and 38: Anaphylaxis Emergency Plan: (name)
Page 39 and 40: HOW TO USE ALLERJECT TM Practice Wi
Page 41 and 42: Think F.A.S.T. Appendix E Anaphylax
Page 43 and 44: Sample Letter from Teacher (element
Page 45 and 46: Avoidance Strategies for Specific F
Page 47 and 48: Avoidance of Peanut and Tree Nuts A
Page 49 and 50: look for ‘may contain’ warnings
Page 51 and 52: effective. 9 In the same study, res
Page 53 and 54: Teens must be able to resist peer p
Page 55 and 56: Anaphylaxis in the Workplace Append
Page 57 and 58: Manitoba Since 1995, Manitoba has b
Page 59 and 60: On January 1, 2012 the Ontario Mini
Page 61: • A requirement that every schoo
Page 65 and 66: Anaphylaxis Canada Anaphylaxis Cana
Page 67 and 68: OTHER ORGANIZATIONS Appendix L Alle
Page 69 and 70: Health Canada (Food Directorate) Th
Page 71 and 72: Association of Allergists and Immun
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