Planetary Exploration Using Biomimetics An Entomopter <strong>for</strong> Flight on Mars 217.Rayner, J. M. V., “On Aerodynamics and the Energetics of Vertebrate Flapping Flight,” Fluid Dynamics in Biology, edited by A. Y Cheer and C. P. van Dam, Vol. 141, Contemporary Mathematics, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1993, pp. 351-400. 218.Rayner, J. M. V., Jones, G., and Thomas, A., “Vortex Flow Visualizations Reveal Change in Upstroke Function with Flight Speed in Bats,” Nature, Vol. 321, 8 May 1986, pp. 162-164. 219.Rayner, J., “A Vortex Theory of Animal Flight. Part 2. The Forward Flight of Birds,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 91, Part 4, 1979, pp. 731-763. 220.Rayner, J., “Thrust and Drag in Flying Birds: Applications to Birdlike Micro Air Vehicles,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. 221.Rediniotis, O. K. and Lagoudas, D. C., “Shape Memory Alloy Actuators as Locomotor Muscles,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. 222.Reissner, E., and Stevens, J. E., NACA TN 1194 & 1195 “Effect of Finite Span on the Airload Distributions <strong>for</strong> Oscillating Wings.” 223.Rieder, R, et.al., “The Chemical Composition of the Martian Soil and Rocks Returned by the Mobil Alpha Proton X-Ray Spectrometer: Preliminary Results <strong>for</strong>m the X-Ray Mode,” Science 278: 1771-1774, 1997. 224.Riester. P. J., “A Computational and Experimental Investigation of Incompressible Oscillatory Airfoil Flow and Flutter Problems,” M.S. Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, June 1993. 225.Roell, M. M., Mars Airplane Package 2003 Micromission/Mars Airplane Package Mission and Interface Description, NASA Langley Research Center Document 0300-1B, 1999. 226.Schlichting, H., Boundary Layer Theory, 7th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1979. 227.Schofield, J.T., Barnes, J.R., Crisp, D., Haberle, R.M., Larsen, S., Magalhaes, J.A., Murphy, J.R., Seiff, A., Wilson, G., “The Mars Pathfinder Atmospheric Structure Investigation/Meteorology (ASI/MET) Experiment.” 228.Science Planning <strong>for</strong> Exploring Mars, NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Publication 01-7, July 2001. 229.Seibert, M., Multifunction Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Subsystem <strong>for</strong> Entomopter Simultaneous Communications, Positioning, Collision-Avoidance and Radar, Personal Communications, 2001. 230.Selig, M. S., “The Design of Airfoils at Low Reynolds Numbers,” AIAA Paper 85-0074, Jan. 1985. 231.Selig., M. S., Lyon, C. A., Giguere, P., Ninham, C. N., and Guglielmo, J. J., Summary of Low-Speed Airfoil Data, Vol. 2, SoarTech Publications, Virginia Beach, VA, 1996. 232.Selig, M. S., and Maughmer, M. D., “Generalized Multipoint Inverse Airfoil Design,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 30, No. 11, Nov. 1992, pp. 2618-2625. 233.Selig, M., Gopalarathnam, A., Giguere, P. and Lyon, C. A., “Systematic Airfoil Design Studies at Low Reynolds Numbers,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. 234.Send, W., “Otto Lilienthal and der Mechanismus des Schwingenfiugs,” DGLR-JT96030, German Aerospace Congress, Dresden, Sept. 1996. 235.Shevell, R. S., Fundamentals of Flight, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1989. C-12 <strong>Phase</strong> <strong>II</strong> <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong>
Appendix C: List of References 236.Shi, Y.-J., Miles, J. R. and Isaac, K. M., “Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Inviscid and Viscous Waverider Flowfields with Sideslip,” AIAA Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets Vol. 34, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1997, pp. 76-82. 237.Shi, Y. J., Tsai, B.-J., Miles, J. B. and Isaac, K. M., “Cone-Derived Waverider Flow field Simulation Including Turbulence and Off-Design Conditions,” AIAA Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 33, No. 2, March-April 1996, pp. 185-190. 238.Shyy, W., Berg, M., and Ljungqvist, D., “Flapping and Flexible Wings <strong>for</strong> Biological and Micro Air Vehicles,” Progress in Aerospace Sciences, Vol. 35, No. 5, 1999, pp. 455-506. 239.Shyy, W., Klevebring, F., Nilsson, M., Sloan, J., Carroll, B., and Fuentes, C., “Rigid and Flexible Low Reynolds Number Airfoils,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 36, No. 3, May-June 1999, pp. 523-529. 240.Simons, R. N., Kelly, E., Lee, R. Q., Taub, S. R. Linearly Tapered Slot Antenna Circular Array <strong>for</strong> Mobile Communications, NASA Technical Memorandum 106441, January 1994. 241.Simpson, R. L., “Turbulent Boundary-Layer Separation,” Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 21, 1989, pp. 205-234. 242.Skolnik, M. Radar Handbook, Second Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 1990. 243.“Space and Planetary Environment Criteria Guidelines <strong>for</strong> Use In Space Vehicle Development 1982 Revision (Volume 1),” NASA TM-82478, January 1983. 244.Space Studies Board, National Research Council, “A Scientific Rationale <strong>for</strong> Mobility in Planetary Environments,” National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1999. 245.Space Studies Board, National Research Council, “An Integrated Strategy <strong>for</strong> the Planetary Sciences: 1995-2010,” National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1994. 246.Space Studies Board, National Research Council, “Review of <strong>NASA's</strong> Planned Mars Program,” National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1996. 247.Sparenberg, J. A., Hydrodynamic Propulsion and Its Optimization: Analytic Theory, Kluwer Academic, Boston, 1995, pp. 216-217. 248.Spedding, G. R., “The Aerodynamics of Flight,” Mechanics of Animal Locomotion, edited by R. McNeill Alexander, <strong>Advanced</strong> Comparative Environmental Physiology, Vol. 11, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992. 249.Spedding, G. R., Rayner, J. M. V, and Pennycuick, C. J., “Momentum and Energy in the Wake of a Pigeon (Columba livia) in Slow Flight,” Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 111. 1984, pp. 81-102. 250.Srinivasan, M.V., “Principals of Insect Vision and Navigation, and Applications to Autonomous Vehicles,” Proceedings of the In<strong>for</strong>mation, Decision, and Control 2002 Symposium, Adelaide Australia, February 11-13, 2002, (CD ROM proceedings). 251.Sunada, S., and Ellington, C. P., “An Approximate Added Mass Method <strong>for</strong> Estimating Induced Power <strong>for</strong> Flapping Flight,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 38, 2000, pp. 1313-1321. 252.Sunada, S., Sakaguchi, A., and Kawachi, K., “Airfoil Section Characteristics at a Low Reynolds Number,” Journal of Fluid Engineering, Vol. 119, 1997, pp. 129-135. 253.Tani, I., “Low-Speed Flows Involving Separation Bubbles,” Progress in Aeronautical Sciences, Vol. 5, 1964, pp. 70-103. 254.Theodorsen, T., “General Theory of Aerodynamic Instability and the Mechanism of Flutter,” NACA Rept. 496, 1935. 255.Theodorson, T., “The Theory of Propellers- Determination of the Circulation Function and the Mass Coefficient <strong>for</strong> Dual Rotating Propellers.” C-13
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Planetary Exploration Using Biomime
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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List of Tables List of Tables Table
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List of Figures List of Figures Fig
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List of Figures Figure 3-54: Pressu
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Executive Summary Executive Summary
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1.
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Figure 1-2
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3. Density: 1.40E-2 kg/m 3 4. Press
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Chapter 4.0 Entomopter Flight Opera
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Chapter 6.0 Media Exposure 6.1 Intr
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Chapter 6.0 Media Exposure 6.3 Onli
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