Planetary Exploration Using Biomimetics An Entomopter <strong>for</strong> Flight on Mars 179.McCullough, G. B., and Gault, D. E., “Examples of Three Representative Types of Airfoil- Section Stall at Low-Speed,” NACA TN 2502, Sept. 1951. 180.McCune, J. E., Lam, C. M. G., and Scott, M. T., “Nonlinear Aerodynamics of Two-Dimensional Airfoils in Severe Maneuver,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3, 1990, pp. 385-393. 181.McGhee, R. J., Walker, B. S., and Millard, B. F., “Experimental Results <strong>for</strong> the Eppler 387 Airfoil at Low-Reynolds Numbers in the Langley Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel,” NASA TM 4062, Oct. 1988. 182.McKay, C.P.,”Mars ‘03 Airplane Micromission Science Definition Team: <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong>,” Document 0907-01-01A, September 1999. 183.McKinney, W., and DeLaurier, J., “The Windmill: An Oscillating Wing Windmill,” Journal of Energy, Vol. 5, No. 2, March-April 1981, pp. 109-115. 184.McMasters, J. H., and Henderson, M. L., “Low Speed Single Element Airfoil Synthesis,” Technical Soaring, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1980, pp. 1-21. 185.Michelson, R.C., “The Entomopter,” Neurotechnology <strong>for</strong> Biomimetic Robots, ISBN 0- 262-01193-X, The MIT Press, 2002. 186.Michelson, R.C., Ahuja, K.K., Amarena, C., Ellington, C. Englar, R.J., “Mesoscaled Aerial Robot” <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong> under Contract Number: DABT63-98-C-0057, DARPA/DSO, February 2000. 187.Michelson, R.C., Amarena, C.S., “4th Generation Reciprocating Chemical Muscle: Reciprocating Chemical Muscle (RCM) <strong>for</strong> Specialized Micro UAVs and Other Nonelectric Anaerobic Aerospace Actuation Applications”, Prepared under Grant No. F086300010007 to the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratories (AFRL/MNGN), October 15, 2001. 188.Michelson, R.C., Reece, S., “Update on Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle Research - Ongoing work to develop a flapping wing, crawling Entomopter,” 13th Bristol International RPV/UAV Systems Conference Proceedings, Bristol England, 30 March 1998 - 1 April 1998, pp. 30.1-30.1 189.Monttinen, J. T., Shortridge, R. R., Latek, B. S., Reed, H. L., and Saric, W. S., “Adaptive, Unstructured Meshes <strong>for</strong> Solving the Navier-Stokes Equations <strong>for</strong> Low-Chord-Reynolds Number Flows,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. 190.Mueller, T. J., “Low Reynolds Number Vehicles,” AGARD monograph No. 288, 1985. 191.Mueller, T. J., Fluid Mechanics Measurements, edited by R. J. Goldstein, Taylor & Francis, Washington DC, 1996, pp. 367-450. 192.Mulloy, Robert, Personal communication, MulitSpectral Solutions, Inc., July 2002. 193.Murphy,O.J. and Hitchens,G.D., “Electrochemical Production of Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide,” United States patent 5,972,196, October 26, 1999. 194.NASA Glenn Research Center, Dynamic Power Conversion Web Site, http:// www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/tmsb/dynamicpower.html, July 2001. 195.Neace, K. S., “A Computational and Experimental Investigation of the Propulsive and Lifting Characteristics of Oscillating Airfoils and Airfoil Combinations in Incompressible Flow,” M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Sept. 1992. 196.Neef, M. F. and Hummel, D., “Euler Solutions <strong>for</strong> the Finite Span Flapping Wing,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. C-10 <strong>Phase</strong> <strong>II</strong> <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong>
Appendix C: List of References 197.Ng, Wing Fai, “Thermoelectric-Based Micro-Air-Vehicles”, Mechanical Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, 1998. 198.Nyborg, U. M., Vertebrate Flight: Mechanics, Physiology, Morphology, Ecology and Evolution, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1990. 199.Odyssey Finds Water Ice in Abundance Under Mars’ Surface, Media Relations Office, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/odyssey/newsroom/pressreleases/ 20020528a.html, May 28, 2002 200.Ohashi, H., and Ishikawa, N., “Visualization Study of a Flow near the Trailing Edge of an Oscillating Airfoil,” Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 15, 1972, pp. 840-845. 201.Osborne, M. F. M., “Aerodynamics of Flapping Flight with Application to Insects,” Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 28, 1951, pp. 221-245. 202.Pang, C. K., “A Computer Code <strong>for</strong> Unsteady Incompressible Flow past Two Airfoils,” Aeronautical Engineer's Thesis, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Sept. 1988. 203.Pankhurst, R. C., and Holder, D. W., Wind-Tunnel Technique, Pitman, London, 1952. 204.Paulsen, P. E., Mars Airplane Package Communication System Design Trades, NASA Glenn Research Center Document 0806-02-01A, 2000. 205.Pelaccio, D.G., Palaszewski, B. and O'Leary R., “Preliminary Assessment of Using Gelled and Hybrid Propellant Propulsion <strong>for</strong> VTOL/SSTO Launch Systems,” NASA TM-1998- 206306, February 1998. 206.Pelletier, A., and Mueller, T. J., “Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics of Low-Aspect Ratio, Thin/Flat/Cambered-Plate Wings,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 37, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2000, pp. 825-832. 207.Pfenninger, W., and Vermuru, C. S., “Design of Low-Reynolds Number Airfoils-I,” AIAA Paper 88-2572-CP, 1988. 208.Pfenninger, W., Vermuru, C. S., Mangalam, S. M., and Evangelista, R., “Design of Low- Reynolds Number Airfoils-<strong>II</strong>,” AIAA Paper 88-3764-CP, 1988. 209.Phlips. P. J., East, R. A., and Pratt, N. H., “An Unsteady Lifting Line Theory of Flapping Wings with Application to the Forward Flight of Birds,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 112. Nov. 19 81, pp. 97-125. 210.Plachta, D.W., “Hybrid Thermal Control Testing of a Cryogenic Propellant Tank,” NASA TM-1999-209389, August 1999. 211.Platzer, M. F., Neace, K. S., and Pang, C. K., “Aerodynamic Analysis of Flapping Wing Propulsion,” AIAA Paper 93-0484, Jan. 1993. 212.Polhamus, E. C., “A Concept of the Vortex Lift of Sharp-Edge Delta Wings Based on a Leading-Edge-Suction Analogy,” NASA TN D-3767, 1966. 213.Polhamus, E. C., “Predictions of Vortex-Lift Characteristics by a Leading-Edge Suction Analogy,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 8, 1971, pp. 193-199. 214.Rae, W. H., Jr. and Pope, A., Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, Wiley, New York, 1984. 215.Ramamurthi, R. and Sandberg, W., “Computation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Micro Air Vehicle,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. 216.Rambach, G.D., “Hydrogen Transport and Storage in Engineered Glass Microspheres,” Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, April 1994. C-11
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Planetary Exploration Using Biomime
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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List of Tables List of Tables Table
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List of Figures List of Figures Fig
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List of Figures Figure 3-54: Pressu
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List of Figures Figure 3-138: Stere
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List of Figures Figure 4-24: Averag
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List of Contributors List of Contri
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Executive Summary Executive Summary
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1.
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Figure 1-2
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Histor
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.2 Origin
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.3 Missio
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1.3.3.1 Surface Imaging The Entomop
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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3. Density: 1.40E-2 kg/m 3 4. Press
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Chapter 4.0 Entomopter Flight Opera
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Chapter 4.0 Entomopter Flight Opera
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Chapter 6.0 Media Exposure 6.1 Intr
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