Planetary Exploration Using Biomimetics An Entomopter <strong>for</strong> Flight on Mars 20. Bisplinghoff, R. L., Ashley, H., and Halfman, R. L., Aeroelasticity, Addison-Wesley, Cambridge, MA, 1955. 21. Bliss, D. B., and Epstein, R. J., “A Novel Approach to Aerodynamic Analysis Using Analytical/Numerical Matching,” AIAA Paper 95-1840-CP, 1995. 22. Bolz, R. E., Tuve, G. L. editors , Handbook of Tables <strong>for</strong> Applied Engineering Science, CRC Press 1973. 23. Bosch, H., “Interfering Airfoils in Two-dimensional Unsteady Incompressible Flow,” AGARD CP-227, Paper 7, Sep,. 1977. 24. Bragg, M. B., Heinrich, D. C., and Khodadoust, A., “Low-Frequency Flow Oscillation over Airfoils near Stall,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 31, No. 7, July 1993. pp. 1341-1343. 25. Bragg, M. B., Heinrich, D. C., Balow, F. A., and Zaman, K. B. M. Q., “Flow Oscillation over an Airfoil near Stall,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 1, Jan. 1996, pp. 199-201. 26. Bratt, J. B., “Flow Patterns in the Wake of an Oscillating Airfoil,” Aeronautical Research Council. R&M 2773, 1953. 27. Brawn, Robert, NASA Langley Research Center <strong>for</strong> the Mars Aircraft Micromission program, March 1999. 28. Brewer, D. G., Hydrogen Aircraft technology, CRC Press, 1991. 29. Brodsky, A., The Evolution of Insect Flight, Ox<strong>for</strong>d; New York: Ox<strong>for</strong>d University Press, 1994, pp 35-39. 30. Brodsky, A. K., “Vortex Formulation in the Tethered Flight of the Peacock Butterfly Inachis io L. (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) and Some Aspects of Insect Flight Evolution,” Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 166, 1991, pp. 77-95. 31. Broeren, A. P., “An Experimental Study of Unsteady Flow over Airfoils near Stall,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2000. 32. Broeren, A. P., and Bragg, M. B., “Flow Field Measurements over an Airfoil During Natural Low-Frequency Oscillations near Stall,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 1, Jan. 1999, pp.130-132. 33. Broeren, A. P., and Bragg, M. B., “Low-Frequency Flow Field Unsteadiness during Airfoil Stall and the Influence of Stall Type,” AIAA Paper 98-2517-CP, 1998. 34. Broeren A. P. and Bragg, M. B., “Unsteady Stalling Characteristics of Thin Airfoils at Low Reynolds Number,” Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics <strong>for</strong> Micro Air Vehicle Applications, T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Prog. in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol., 195, 2001. 35. Cannor, R.H. Jr, Dynamics of Physical Systems, McGraw Hill Publisher, 1967. 36. Chasman, D. and Chakravarthy, S., “Computational and Experimental Studies of Asymmetric Pitch/Plunge Flapping-the Secret of Biological Flyers,” AIAA 39th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA paper A01-16674. 37. Chen, J. Y., Zhuang, L. X., and Tong, B. G., “Analysis of Swimming Three-Dimensional Waving Plates,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 232, 1991, pp. 341-355. 38. Chopra, M. G., “Hydromechanics of Lunate-Tail Swimming Propulsion,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 64, 1974, pp. 375-391. 39. Chopra, M. G., “Large Amplitude Lunate Tail Theory of Fish Locomotion,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 74, 1976, pp. 161-182. 40. Chopra, M. G., and Kambe, T., “Hydromechanics of Lunate-Tail Swimming Propulsion: Part 2,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 79, 1977, pp. 49-69. C-2 <strong>Phase</strong> <strong>II</strong> <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong>
Appendix C: List of References 41. Clarke, V.C. (1978), <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong> of the Ad Hoc Mars Airplane Science Working Group, NASA CR 158000. 42. Clausen, P. D., Piddington, D. M., and Wood, D. H., “An Experimental Investigation of Blade Element Theory <strong>for</strong> Wind Turbines, Part 1. Mean Flow Results,” Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 25, 1987, pp. 189-206. 43. Coleman, H. W., and Steele, W. G., Experimentation and Uncertainty Analysis <strong>for</strong> Engineers, Wiley, New York, 1989, pp. 40-118. 44. Colozza, A., Michelson, R.C., et al., “Planetary Exploration Using Biomimetics”, NASA <strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Concepts</strong> <strong>Phase</strong> I <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong>, November 30, 2000 45. Colozza, A.J., Miller C., Reed, B., Kohout, L., Loyselle, P.,” Overview of Propulsion Systems <strong>for</strong> a Mars Aircraft,” NASA report Feburary, 2000. 46. Corrigan, J. J., and Schlichting, H., “Empirical Model <strong>for</strong> Stall Delay due to Rotation,” Proceedings of the American Helicopter Society Aeromechanics Specialists Conference, San Francisco, CA, 19-21 Jan. 1994. 47. Cruz, J,” Mars Dust Storms”, Mars Airplane Package Document 0807-03-01A. October, 1999. 48. Cruz, J. and Taylor, G., “Mars Airplane Package, Preliminary Baseline Mission Sites”, Document 0867-02-01A, October, 1999. 49. Cutts, J.A., Bauer, J., Blaney, D.L., Lemke, L.G., Smith, S. Jr, Stetson, D.S. and Kerzhanovich, V.V., “Role of Mars Aerial Plat<strong>for</strong>ms in Future Exploration of Mars,” Mars Architecture Study, August 1998. 50. Davis, W. R., Jr., Kosicki, B. B., Boroson, D. M., and Kostishack, D. F., “Micro Air Vehicles <strong>for</strong> Optical Surveillance,” Lincoln Laboratory Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1996, pp. 197- 213. 51. de Jong, K., “On the Optimization, Including Viscosity Effects, of Ship Screw Propellers with Optional End Plates (Part I),” International Shipbuilding Progress, Vol. 38, No. 414, 1991, pp. 115-156. 52. de Jong, K., “On the Optimization, Including Viscosity Effects, of Ship Screw Propellers with Optional End Plates (Part <strong>II</strong>),” International Shipbuilding Progress, Vol. 38, No. 415, 1991, pp. 211-252. 53. De Vries, O., “On the Theory of the Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine.” Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 15, 1983, pp. 77-96. 54. DeLaurier, J. D., and Harris, J. M., “Experimental Study of Oscillating-Wing Propulsion,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 19, No. 5, May, 1982, pp. 368-373. 55. DeLaurier, J. D., “An Aerodynamic Model <strong>for</strong> Flapping Wing Flight,” Aeronautical Journal, Vol. 97, 1993, pp. 125-130. 56. Dickenson, M. H., Lehmann, F., and Sane, S. P., “Wing Rotation and the Aerodynamic Basis of Insect Flight,” Science, Vol. 284, June 1999, pp. 1954-1960. 57. Dickinson, M., “The Effect of Wing Rotation on Unsteady Aerodynamic Per<strong>for</strong>mance at Low Reynolds Numbers,” J. Exp. Biol., Vol. 192, 1994, pp. 179-206. 58. Dickinson, M. and Gotz, K. G., “Unsteady Aerodynamic Per<strong>for</strong>mance of Model Wings at Low Reynolds Numbers,” J. Exp. Biol., Vol. 174, 1993, pp. 45-64. 59. Dickinson, M.H., Lighton, J.R.B., “Muscle Efficiency and Elastic Storage in the Flight Motor of Drosophila,” Science, Volume 268, 7 April, 1995, pp. 87-90. C-3
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Planetary Exploration Using Biomime
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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List of Tables List of Tables Table
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List of Figures List of Figures Fig
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List of Figures Figure 3-54: Pressu
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List of Figures Figure 3-138: Stere
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List of Figures Figure 4-24: Averag
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List of Contributors List of Contri
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Executive Summary Executive Summary
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1.
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Figure 1-2
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Histor
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.2 Origin
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.2 Origin
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.2 Origin
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.3 Missio
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.3 Missio
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1.3.3.1 Surface Imaging The Entomop
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.3 Missio
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.3 Missio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.1 Wing
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.1 Wing
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.1 Wing
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.1 Wing
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.2 Wing
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.3 Wing
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3. Density: 1.40E-2 kg/m 3 4. Press
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.4 Reci
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.5 Fuel
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.5 Fuel
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.5 Fuel
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.5 Fuel
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.5 Fuel
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.5 Fuel
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Chapter 4.0 Entomopter Flight Opera
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Chapter 4.0 Entomopter Flight Opera
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Chapter 5.0 Potential Payload Funct
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