Phase II Final Report - NASA's Institute for Advanced Concepts

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Planetary Exploration Using Biomimetics An Entomopter for Flight on Mars 3.4.2 Fourth-generation Concept Figure 3-140 shows how this concept works. A split piston that moves in opposite directions under the influence equal pressures from the same source provides a reactionless opposing motion. The mass of the spool is negligible compared to the overall mass of the entire assembly and its vibrational contribution will be of little effect. The concept relies upon the fact that pressure cannot build up as long as there is gas flow into an expanding volume. As soon as the volume becomes a fixed value, continued flow will result in a pressure rise. This pressure rise can then act upon a pressure-triggered spool valve to redirect the flow into a different (expanding) volume. The process is regenerative. In Frame 1 of Figure 3-140, the split pistons are located at their innermost positions and gas flow is directed toward the inner faces of each piston, inducing them to move away from the center as shown in progress during Frame 2. In Frame 3 the pistons have reached their outer limit and the volume between the inner piston faces can no longer expand. As a result, the pressure at point A begins to rise and the slight flow-restricted pressure at point B drops to zero when all expulsion flow ceases. Frame 4 shows static motion of the internal pistons and spool valve as the pressure continues to increase. In Frame 5 the pressure at point A has risen to a point that is sufficient to overcome the spool valve holding force (represented in these frames by a spring-loaded ball detent). When this pressure is reached, the spool valve will begin to move as shown in Frame 5. The intent is that the force be “explosive” such that when the holding force is suddenly overcome, he spool is driven to the right. Inertia of the spool carries it past the all-ports-closed dead point. 158 Phase II Final Report
Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.4 Reciprocating Chemical Muscle Figure 3-140: Initial Fourth-generation RCM Actuator Design Using a Pressure-activated Spool With the spool valve in the right hand position of Frame 6, the dual pistons are now pressurized on their outer faces, forcing them back toward the center of the mechanism. As they move, the volume increases, so the pressure at point B reaches an equilibrium value that is dictated by the flow restriction of the internal porting (Frame 7). At the same time, the pressure at point A is 159
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Planetary Exploration Using Biomime
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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List of Tables List of Tables Table
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List of Figures List of Figures Fig
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List of Figures Figure 3-54: Pressu
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List of Figures Figure 3-138: Stere
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List of Figures Figure 4-24: Averag
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List of Contributors List of Contri
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Executive Summary Executive Summary
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1.
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction Figure 1-2
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Histor
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.2 Origin
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Chapter 1.0 Introduction 1.3 Missio
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1.3.3.1 Surface Imaging The Entomop
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Chapter 2.0 Entomopter Configuratio
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.1 Wing
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3. Density: 1.40E-2 kg/m 3 4. Press
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Chapter 3.0 Vehicle Design 3.6 Powe
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Chapter 4.0 Entomopter Flight Opera
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Chapter 5.0 Potential Payload Funct
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Chapter 6.0 Media Exposure 6.1 Intr
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Chapter 6.0 Media Exposure 6.3 Onli
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Chapter 6.0 Media Exposure 6.6 Spec
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Chapter 7.0 Conclusion Chapter 7.0
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Appendix A: Mars Atmosphere Data JP
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Appendix A: Mars Atmosphere Data Ge
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Appendix A: Mars Atmosphere Data Ge
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Appendix A: Mars Atmosphere Data Ma
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Appendix B: Sizing Results Appendix
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Appendix B: Sizing Results 30 Wing
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Appendix B: Sizing Results 16 Wing
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Appendix B: Sizing Results Length 0
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Appendix B: Sizing Results Lenght 0
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Appendix C: List of References Appe
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Appendix C: List of References 41.
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Phase II Final Report - NASA's Institute for Advanced Concepts

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