Footpath degradation of the Malvern Hills - Malvern Hills Conservators

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Stephen Britnell Footpath degradation of the Malvern Hills Figure 7. Techniques to measure slope angle and path angle 3.4 Method of dry sieving Wet soil samples are transferred from the sample bags into pre-weighed containers and dried in the open air. Due to the drying processes the soil particles cement together and must be broken down into individual particles, this process is completed using a pestle and mortar. Prior to sieving the sample is weighed using a top ban balance accurate to 1/100 th of a gram, and the weight of the container subtracted to give the total weight of the sample. The sample is then sieved mechanically for ten minutes in a set of sieves ranging from –3phi to >4phi. The material from each phi size is then placed into a pre-weighted container and weighed, and the weight of the container subtracted to give the actual weight of the sample. The % of total weight for each phi size is then calculated using the following equation: % Weight = Weight of phi sample Total sample weight Cumulative % is found by simply adding up the % weight of each phi size, from small (>4phi) to large (-3phi). The % weight is then plotted against phi size to give a particle size distribution curve, which shows the degree to which the soil is made up of clay, silt, sand, and gravel. 24
Stephen Britnell Footpath degradation of the Malvern Hills 4. Results 4.1 Footpath classification – see fig 8 p35 4.2 Recreational variable Figure 9. - Footpath popularity 30 25 20 Count in 1hr 15 Horses Mountain bikes People 10 5 0 1. Worcs Beacon 2. Peserverence 3. Pinnacle Hill 4. Swinyard Hill 5. End Hill 6. North Hill 7. St Ann's Knoll 8. British camp res 9. Clutters cave 10. Hangman's Hill 11. Ladies Drive 4.3 Environmental variables 4.3.1 Soil structure Table 3. – Soil composition Path % coarse / medium % medium / % fine gravel / % Medium % fine sand % silt/clay Number gravel fine gravel coarse sand sand 1 54.89 8.48 11.29 12.77 8.57 3.86 5 42.4 6.07 13.94 18.28 12.23 6.69 7 47.25 15.67 19.16 11.39 5.34 1.86 8 10.55 7.99 20.17 29.51 15.27 13.54 25
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Footpath degradation of the Malvern Hills - Malvern Hills Conservators

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