Untitled

第 2 卷第 2 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

目录 

2006 年 6 月 

古生物学 

综论 ………………………(1) 

遗迹化石 …………………(11) 

分子古生物学 ……………(15) 

古生态学 …………………(29) 

微体古生物学 

综论 ………………………(32) 

孢粉 ………………………(33) 

疑源类 ……………………(45) 

牙形石 ……………………(46) 

小壳化石 …………………(48) 

古植物学 

综论 ………………………(48) 

藻类 ………………………(49) 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 )………(51) 

早期种子植物 ……………(53) 

裸子植物 …………………(54) 

被子植物 …………………(56) 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(58) 

原生动物 …………………(58) 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 …(63) 

苔藓动物 …………………(67) 

腕足动物 …………………(69) 

软体动物 …………………(74) 

节肢动物 …………………(83) 

棘皮动物 …………………(103) 

笔石动物 …………………(108) 

分类位置不明 ……………(109) 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(110) 

鱼类 ………………………(111) 

两栖类 ……………………(115) 

爬行类 ……………………(116) 

鸟类 ………………………(126) 

哺乳类 ……………………(129) 

古人类学 

古人类学 …………………(146) 

历史地质学、地层学 

综论 ………………………(147) 

古地理学、古气候学 ……(149) 

前古生界 …………………(152) 

古生界 ……………………(154) 

中生界 ……………………(157) 

新生界 ……………………(163)

第 2 卷第 2 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

2006 年 6 月 

古生物学 

综论 

2006020001 

法国西部卢瓦尔盆地中部和下游地区全新 

世植被景观的演化 = Evolution of vegetation 

landscapes during the Holocene in the central 

and downstream Loire basin (Western France). 

( 英文 ). Cyprien A-L; Visset L; Carcaud N. 

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2004, 

13(3): 181-196 

Nine sites along the downstream and 

middle section of the Loire river at Cordemais 

(Loire Atlantique, France) situated in the 

estuary to Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil (Indre 

et Loire, France) were investigated. 

Interdisciplinary studies combined palynology, 

geography, archaeology, sedimentology and 

history, thus enabling us to reconstruct the 

evolution and the long-term response of the 

Loire valley ecosystem to natural variations 

and anthropogenic pressure from the Preboreal 

to the present in an integrated manner. The 

Atlantic marine transgression (between 7000 

and 5000 B.P.) caused the level of brackish 

water to increase at Oudon between 6740 +205 / – 

200 and 5010 +115 / –100 B.P. This phenomenon, 

which was the first of its kind to be detected 

near the central Loire region (approximately 

80 km from the current mouth of the Loire 

river), was accompanied by the development 

of subhalophile vegetation (Chenopodiaceae) 

and the appearance of dinoflagellate cysts. A 

regressive phase occurred during the 

Subboreal, about 4500 B.P., and led to the 

erosion of most of the estuarian sediments and 

to the disappearance of plant species linked to 

salinity at Oudon: peat deposits built up at 

most other sites. Human activities had an early 

effect; moderate deforestation took place at 

Champtocé about 6600 B.P. as farming was 

already orientated towards rearing animals. 

However, possibly cultivated plants were 

present towards the middle and the end of the 

Neolithic period (wheat, rye, buckwheat, flax) 

at about 5600 B.P. and chestnut and walnut 

were probably exploited in the Loire valley 

region at about 4600 B.P. The Bronze Age 

seemed to mark a phase when societies settled 

down (planting of vineyards) and 

deforestation peaked from the Gallo-Roman 

period onwards. The textile industry (flax, 

hemp), in the context of crop rotation set up 

during the Iron Age, developed rapidly during 

the Middle Ages, whereas nowadays the 

rearing of animals is the dominant activity in 

the Loire Valley, following the introduction of 

maize into the region in 1950. 

2006020002 

德国西北部 Oerel 地区 Eemian 间冰期和 

Weichselian 冰期的宏体植物及昆虫化石及 

其它们对古气候的证据 = Botanical macroremains 

and insects from the Eemian and 

Weichselian site of Oerel (northwest Germany) 

and their evidence for the history of climate. 

( 英文 ). Behre K.-E; Hölzer A; Lemdah G. 


14(1): 31 - 53 

The late Pleistocene site of Oerel which 

represents the Eemian and the Weichselian 

interstadials Brörup, Odderade, Oerel and 

Glinde as well as parts of the stadials Herning 

and Rederstall was investigated for botanical 

remains such as fruits, seeds, wood, leaves 

and mosses, as well as insect remains. A large 

number of taxa were identified. They show the 

different environmental conditions, in 

particular several changes of water level 

leading to the formation of lakes and diverse 

forms of mires up to raised bogs. The trophic 

conditions, too, changed several times. The 

macrofossil record supports the pollen 

evidence of dense forests during the two early 

Weichselian interstadials and tundra 

vegetation during the later ones. Several 

indicator species show comparably warm 

summers but very cold winters during the 

Brörup and Odderade while the climate during 

Oerel and Glinde was generally cool. Climatic 

reconstructions using the MCR method were 

performed on the basis of the beetle finds. 

2006020003 

北海 Eurogeul 航线古生物学、孢粉学和考 

古学研究的首次报道 = The Eurogeul—first 

report of the palaeontological, palynological 

and archaeological investigations of this part 

of the North Sea. ( 英文 ). Mol Dick; Post 

Klaas; Reumer J W F; der Plicht J; de Vos J; 

van Geel B; van Reenen G; Pals J P; 

1

Glimmerveen J. Quaternany 

International, 2005, 142-143: 178-185 

The Eurogeul is the shipping-lane gully in 

front of Rotterdam harbour. Due to the 

combination of suction-dredging and fishing 

activities, diverse faunae are found on its 

bottom. This paper briefly describes the fauna, 

consisting of 13 terrestrial mammals and six 

marine mammal species. Radiocarbon dating 

gave two time-periods from which the bones 

originate: ca. 37,500–48,500 BP, and ca. 7– 

8000 BP. Pollen sampling gave similar results 

(respectively, an interstadial before the Last 

Glacial Maximum, and the Early Holocene 

Boreal period). Human artefacts dating from 

the Boreal period add to our understanding of 

the Quaternary history of the southern North 

Sea area. 

2006020004 

对西伯利亚北极区东部 Weichselian 期环境 

和气候的新认识 : 昆虫、植物和哺乳动物 

化石的证据 = New insights into the 

Weichselian environment and climate of the 

East Siberian Arctic, derived from fossil 

insects, plants, and mammals. ( 英文 ). Sher A 

V; Kuzmina S A; Kuznetsova T V; 

Sulerzhitsky L D. Quaternary Science 

Review, 2005, 24(5-6): 533-569 

Multidisciplinary study of a key section on 

the Laptev Sea Coast (Bykovsky Peninsula, 

east Lena Delta) in 1998–2001 provides the 

most complete record of Middle and Late 

Weichselian environments in the East Siberian 

Arctic. The 40-m high Mamontovy Khayata 

cliff is a typical Ice Complex section built of 

icy silts with a network of large syngenetic 

polygonal ice wedges, and is richly 

fossiliferous. In combination with pollen, 

plant macrofossil and mammal fossils, a 

sequence of ca 70 insect samples provides a 

new interpretation of the environment and 

climate of the area between ca 50 and 12 ka. 

The large number of radiocarbon dates from 

the section, together with an extensive 14 C 

database on mammal bones, allows 

chronological correlation of the various 

proxies. The Bykovsky record shows how 

climate change, and the Last Glacial 

Maximum in particular, affected terrestrial 

organisms such as insects and large grazing 

mammals. Both during the presumed 

“Karginsky Interstadial” (MIS 3) and the 

Sartanian Glacial (MIS 2), the vegetation 

remained a mosaic arctic grassland with 

relatively high diversity of grasses and herbs 

and dominance of xeric habitats: the tundrasteppe 

type. This biome was supported by a 

constantly very continental climate, caused by 

low sea level and enormous extension of shelf 

land. Variations within the broad pattern were 

caused mainly by fluctuations in summer 

temperature, related to global trends but 

overprinted by the effect of continentality. No 

major changes in humidity were observed nor 

were advances of modern-type forest or 

forest-tundra recorded, suggesting a major 

revision of the “Karginsky Interstadial” 

paradigm. The changing subtypes of the 

tundra-steppe environment were persistently 

favourable for mammalian grazers, which 

inhabited the shelf lowlands throughout the 

studied period. Mammal population numbers 

were lowered during the LGM, especially 

toward its end, and then flourished in a short, 

but impressive peak in the latest Weichselian, 

just before the collapse of the tundra-steppe 

biome. Throughout MIS 3 and MIS 2, the 

climate remained very favourable for the 

aggradation of permafrost. No events of 

regional permafrost degradation were 

observed in the continuous Bykovsky 

sequence until the very end of the Pleistocene. 

2006020005 

亚北极海前缘的季节变化、垂直分布和浮 

游有孔虫的溶解 : 对太平洋西北部古海洋 

学重建的启示 = Seasonal succession, vertical 

distribution, and dissolution of planktonic 

foraminifera along the Subarctic Front: 

Implications for paleoceanographic 

reconstruction in the northwestern Pacific. ( 英 

文 ). Mohiuddin M M; Nishimura A; Tanaka Y. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 55: 192- 

156 1 图版 . 

The regional spatial and depth distribution 

of planktonic foraminifera were studied 

through sediment trap observations at two 

stations, Stations WCT-5 (about 41° N, 150° E) 

and WCT-6 (about 42° N, 155° E), along the 

Subarctic Front in the northwestern Pacific 

Ocean. The sediment traps were moored, at 

1000 and 4500 m depths at Station WCT-5, 

and 1091, 2051 and 4871 m depths at Station 

WCT-6. The samples were collected from 17 

August 1998 to 10 August 1999 at Station 

WCT-5 and from 15 August 1999 to 6 August 

2000 at WCT-6. At Station WCT-5, two 

distinct annual periods of increased total 

foraminiferal and species production were 

evident: the period of highest production was 

in autumn, with a secondary period in early 

summer. At Station WCT-6, high total 

foraminiferal shell fluxes occurred in April– 

2

May and September–October. The April–May 

“spring bloom” of planktonic foraminifera 

apparently began each year as the sea surface 

temperature (SST) increased after winter and 

the decrease of thickness of the mixed water 

layer during June–July in every year following 

the cessation of bloom. The most common 

foraminiferal species in the study region were 

Globigerina quinqueloba, Neogloboquadrina 

pachyderma, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, 

Neogloboquadrina incompta, Globigerinita 

glutinata, Globigerina bulloides, Globigerina 

falconensis, Globorotalia theyeri, 

Globorotalia scitula, and Globigerinella 

calida. Foraminiferal fluxes displayed a 

distinct seasonality at all trap depths at both 

stations. At Station WCT-5 in 1998–1999, 

foraminiferal species were scarce in the 

surface water during spring and summer, and 

the dominant foraminiferal species were most 

productive during winter and autumn. At 

Station WCT-6, the dominant foraminiferal 

species were most productive during late 

winter to spring, and all species showed a 

peak in middle spring (May). A comparison of 

seasonal patterns of dominant foraminiferal 

species between the northwestern and 

northeastern Pacific demonstrated that 

foraminiferal productivity was a good proxy 

for sea surface temperature and mixing of 

water column. Significant dissolution of 

foraminiferal tests was evident in the 

deepwater column and was used to estimate 

the foraminiferal lysocline depth ( 4500 m) 

in the northeastern Pacific basin. 

2006020006 

演化辐射模拟及其在认识寒武纪生命大爆 

发中的运用 = Simulations of evolutionary 

radiations and their application to 

understanding the probability of a Cambrian 

Explosion. ( 英文 ). Levinton J; Dubb L; Wray 

G A. Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 

31–38 

A molecular survey of animal phylogeny 

recovered the presumed correct temporal order 

of the phylogenetic splits Protostomata- 

Deuterostomata,Echinodermata-Chordata, and 

Agnatha-Gnathostomata in studies of six of 

seven gene sequences. This result raised the 

question of how this order could be recovered 

if all of the phyla had appeared in a Cambrian 

“explosion” of less than 10 m.y., given the 

expected erratic nature of the molecular 

“clock.” We simulated trees, and molecular 

sequence evolution along the trees, under 

different evolutionary radiation scenarios, 

with different periods of radiation, relative to 

times of subsequent evolution. Simulations 

and phylogenetic analyses of sequences 

derived from a simulated “Cambrian 

explosion” of 10–35 million years did not 

allow the successful recovery of the correct 

tree, using neighbor-joining, maximum 

likelihood, or parsimony methods. Success in 

recovering phylogenies under a Cambrian 

divergence scenario (520 million years ago) 

did not exceed 80 percent without an extended 

divergence time interval of at least 100 m.y. 

An increased substitution rate during the 

initial radiation improved the ability to 

recover correct phylogenies, especially when 

the rate was 8–10 times the rate following the 

radiation. Our results militate against the 

likelihood of an Early Cambrian or slightly 

longer explosion of the animal phyla, as 

apparently supported by the fossil record. 

Some limitations to these conclusions are 

discussed. 

2006020007 

Hodh 地区 ( 毛里塔尼亚伊斯兰共和国 ) 的 

泥盆纪 : 古生物与地层 = The Devonian of 

the Hodh Area (Islamic Republic of 

Mauritania): Paleontology and Stratigraphy. 

( 英文 ). Racheboeuf P R; Gourvennec R; 

Deynoux M; Brice D. Journal of 

Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 98–110 2 图版 . 

Paleontological study of 16 samples from 

four sections through the Silurian-Devonian 

marine deposits of the Hodh region establishes 

the development of the Middle Devonian and 

adds to our knowledge of the Paleozoic 

sequence in the West African platform. Above 

Silurian deposits locally dated by graptolites 

from the Llandovery, Devonian shales yield 

an abundant although low diversity benthic 

fauna, which is assigned to a Givetian age. 

The brachiopod fauna shows strong affinity 

with the NE Americas Realm. Two new 

species are described, Arcuaminetes deynouxi 

and Eleutherokomma monodi. The revision of 

the Devonian fauna of the Hodh area supports: 

1) the apparent lack of Lower Devonian 

deposits; 2) the Givetian age of the Devonian 

succession; and 3) the strong eastern Americas 

Realm affinity of the fauna, as previously 

established for the Mauritanian Adrar area. 

2006020008 

法国东部中三叠世早期 ‘Grès à Voltzia’ 

组 : 一个环境残遗种保护区的模式 = The 

early Middle Triassic ‘Grès à Voltzia’ 

Formation of eastern France: a model of 

3

environmental refugium. ( 英文 ). Gall J-C; 

Grauvogel-Stamm L. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(6-7): 637-652 

The biotic recovery that succeeded the end- 

Permian life crisis event lasted a long period, 

estimated at ca 8 to 10 Myr, even 14 Myr. It is 

thought that it essentially proceeded from 

refugia whose geographic location can never 

be established. Their existence can 

nevertheless be inferred from the surprising 

stability exhibited by some fossil communities 

between the Late Palaeozoic and the Triassic. 

It is the case of the biocoenoses from the 

‘Grès à Voltzia’ Formation (Upper 

Buntsandstein) of eastern France, which 

consist of Palaeozoic survivors (crustaceans, 

amphibians, insects, plants), taxa that 

announce the modern faunas (crustaceans, 

spiders, scorpions, insects), living fossils 

(lingulids, the panchronic species Triops 

cancriformis) as well as pioneering species 

which invaded rapidly the disturbed ecospaces 

(the herbaceous conifer Aethophyllum). The 

‘Grès à Voltzia’ is Early Anisian in age and 

was deposited in a deltaic area, an 

environment transitional from nearshore to 

terrestrial, where locally less arid climatic 

conditions favoured the survival of plants and 

animals. The ‘Grès à Voltzia’ represents a 

model of the type of environment that may 

have acted as a refugium for terrestrial 

communities during the end-Permian mass 

extinction and its Triassic aftermath 

2006020009 

意大利利古里亚上更新统尼安德特环境 : 

来自意大利菲纳莱利古雷的花粉分析 = 

Environnement de l'Homme de Néandertal en 

Ligurie au Pléistocène supérieur. Analyse 

pollinique de la Caverna delle Fate (Finale 

Ligure, Italie). ( 法文 ). Karatsori E; Renault- 

Miskovsky J; de Lumley H; Lebreton V. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 4(5): 395-404 

Neanderthal environment in Liguria during 

the Upper Pleistocene. Pollen analysis from 

Caverna delle Fate (Finale Liguria, Italy). 

Pollen analysis of the Middle Palaeolithic site 

of Caverna delle Fate documents the 

vegetation mosaic contemporaneous to its 

Neanderthal occupation. The pollen sequence 

is typical of a semi-forested to forested 

landscape, reflecting mild climatic conditions. 

The development of meso-thermophilous taxa 

suggests a temperate climate, while the raise 

of Mediterranean taxa attests the temperature 

increase. The four climatic episodes can be 

assigned to different chronological phases 

between isotopic stages 5e and 3. 

2006020010 

古生物多样性统计中的偏差及其校正 = An 

introduction of methods for removing biases 

in establishing biodiversity patterns from 

fossil records. ( 中文 ). 沈树忠 ; 张华 ; 李文忠 . 

古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 433-441 

地质历史时期生物多样性统计中的偏差 

是普遍存在的。文中以奥陶纪海洋生物和 

二叠纪腕足动物分异度为例介绍和讨论古 

生物多样性统计中的偏差问题。认为在研 

究某些时段分异度时不能依靠单一的种、 

属或科的数量来建立分异度模式 , 而需要用 

生物分异度、灭绝率和新生率等多种计算 

方法来综合分析。同时古生物分异度的研 

究受到化石记录的完整性、研究、保存和 

采集程度、时间段的不均一性等多种因素 

影响 , 因此 , 大多需要应用稀疏标准化法等对 

不同时段或化石群在同等量化标准的基础 

上进行比较和校正后 , 才能得到比较符合实 

际的分异度模式。 

2006020011 

纪念美国古生物学家史蒂芬 · 杰 · 古尔德 

(1941—2002) = In memory of american 

palaeontologist Stephen Jay Gould(1941- 

2002). ( 中文 ). 王玥 ; 苗德岁 . 古生物学 

报 , 2004, 43(3): 442-446 

美国古生物学家史蒂芬 · 杰 · 古尔德 

(StephenJayGould) 因癌症于 2002 年 5 月 20 

日在曼哈顿的家中辞世 , 享年 60 岁。笔者在 

这里缅怀这位杰出的科学家 , 不仅是因为他 

的博学和在进化理论上作出的重大贡献 , 更 

是因为他在科学论证上的执着和在科学普 

及方面的杰出成就。 

2006020012 

当代生物多样性剧减与古 - 中生代之交生物 

绝灭的对比 = Comparison of modern 

biodiversity variation with Paleozoic- 

Mesozoic biotic crisis. ( 中文 ). 何卫红 ; 殷鸿福 ; 

盛桂莲 ; 周修高 . 地球科学 - 中国地质大学学 

报 , 2004, 29(3): 263-268;316 

18 世纪以来人类活动对环境造成了强烈 

破坏 , 给生物多样性带来了巨大损失 . 为了了 

解生物多样性的变化趋势 , 利用 " 绝灭物种统 

计法 "、" 种 - 区曲线法 " 和化石记录对 400 年 

以来的生物多样性和古 - 中生代之交的生物 

绝灭进行了分析 . 当代生物多样性剧减表现 

为物种的快速绝灭 ( 从 8×10 4 种 /Ma 增大到 

4

1.2×10 6 种 /Ma), 而属的绝灭几乎为 0; 古 - 中 

生代之交生物绝灭的初始阶段也表现为物 

种的快速绝灭 ( 从 40 种 /Ma 增大到 150 种 

/Ma), 并且这个阶段的属的绝灭速率远低于 

绝灭高峰阶段的相应值 ( 即 66 属 /Ma 远小于 

465 属 /Ma), 可见当代生物多样性剧减相当 

于二叠 - 三叠系之交生物绝灭的初始阶段 . 

2006020013 

分支分类中的疑点 : 11. 种概念的逻辑学 = 

Problematic issues of cladistics: 11. The logic 

of species concepts. ( 英文 ). Reif W E. Neues 

Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / 

Abhandlungen, 2005, 237(1): 41-60 

The terms species concept and species 

definition are treated as synonymies in the 

literature. However, the species as taxon 

cannot be defined at all; hence, there are no 

species definitions. Species is a relational term; 

species are ecological "interactors" with 

respect to other species; they can only be 

exemflified and explained by species concept. 

The basis for the exemplifications are all 

practical experiences with species. The basis 

for the explanation of the species phenomenon 

are especially the ontologicalaspects of the 

Non-dimensional Cohesion Species 

Concept, to which also the Mayrian isolation 

species concept belongs. Area-extended + 

time-limited species and time + area-extended 

specie have much weaker ontological bases 

than non-dimensional species. 

2006020014 

不同替代模型下最大似然法分析系统关系 

的效率 = Efficiencies of maximum likelihood 

methods of phylogenetic inferences when 

different substitution models are used. ( 英文 ). 

Piontkivska H. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 865-873 

Choice of a substitution model is a crucial 

step in the maximum likelihood (ML) method 

of phylogenetic inference, and investigators 

tend to prefer complex mathematical models 

to simple ones. However, when complex 

models with many parameters are used, the 

extent of noise in statistical inferences 

increases, and thus complex models may not 

produce the true topology with a higher 

probability than simple ones. This problem 

was studied using computer simulation. When 

the number of nucleotides used was relatively 

large (1000 bp), the HKY + Γ model showed 

smaller d T (topological distance between the 

inferred and the true trees) than the JC and 

Kimura models. In the cases of shorter 

sequences (300 bp) simpler model and search 

algorithm such as JC model and SA + NNI 

search were found to be as efficient as more 

complicated searches and models in terms of 

topological distances, although the topologies 

obtained under HKY + Γ model had the 

highest likelihood values. The performance of 

relatively simple search algorithm SA + NNI 

was found to be essentially the same as that of 

more extensive SA + TBR search under all 

models studied. Similarly to the conclusions 

reached by Takahashi and Nei [Mol. Biol. 

Evol. 17 (2000) 1251], our results indicate that 

simple models can be as efficient as complex 

models, and that use of complex models does 

not necessarily give more reliable trees 

compared with simple models. 

2006020015 

分支分类中的疑点 :12. 系统发育关系 = 

Problematic issues of cladistics: 12. 

Phylogenetic relationship. ( 英文 ). Reif W E. 

Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie 

/ Abhandlungen, 2005, 237(2): 161-184 

Traditional systematists have regarded 

phylogenetic relationship as a quantifiable 

relational property. Two species have a 

relationship of 70% because their phenotypes 

or their genotypes ahve a similarity of 70%. 

Hennig (1950, 1966) introduced a completely 

different paradigm by defining phylogenetic 

relationshop in terms of heterobathmy, i. e. 

relative recency of divergence. The question 

of the relationship of two taxa becomes 

nonsensical. On the other hand Hennig 

restricted the meaning of phylogenetic 

relationship to synchronous (Recent) groups, 

thereby automatically excluding any 

connotation of ancestor-descendant 

relationship, in favor of sister-group 

relationship. This has caused eonsiderable 

confusion. 

2006020016 

分支分类中的疑点 : 14. 派生特征树和生 

物多样性的 Cartesian 图谱 = Problematic 

issues of cladistics: 14. Trees of apomorphy 

and a Cartesian diagram of organic diversity. 

( 英文 ). Reif W-E. Neues Jahrbuch fur 

Geologie u. Palaontologie / 

Abhandlungen, 2005, 237(3): 357-397 

It is the most basic assumption of modern 

systematic theory that the variability of 

apomorphous character states is to a certain 

degree independent from their generality. 

Generality is assumed to be proportional to 

heterobathmy (relative age of divergence); 

heterobathmy in turn is a measure of the level 

5

of organic diversity. Here I introduce a 

diagram of organic diversity that plots 

variability against generality; it is a powerful 

tool that analyzes the structure of organic 

diversity and tests the naturalness of the 

species and higher groups as taxa and as 

catergories. In the diagram the topological 

relationship of autapomorphies and 

synapomorphies results in trees which mirror 

the sequence in which the apomorphies were 

acquired. 

2006020017 

分支分类中的疑点 : 15. 生活期 , 个体和持 

续性 = Problematic issues of cladistics: 15. 

Semaphoronts, individuals, and persistence. 

( 英文 ). Reif W-E. Neues Jahrbuch fur 


Abhandlungen, 2005, 238(1): 33-77 

Evolutionary biologists and systematists 

commonly make ontological claims about the 

existence, the delimitation and the temporal 

persistence of biological phenomena, under 

the assumption that these are either selfevident 

or supported by biological laws. this is, 

however, hardly ever the case. Biological 

individuals, as time-limited units have a 

widely different ontology from individuals as 

time-extended units. Because of the 

problematic status of "individual" and " 

organism" in evolutionary theory Hennig's 

semaphoront concept has to be modified. It is 

shown here that ontological theories of 

persistence an demonstrate the implications of 

ontological decisions and commitments. 

Ontological decisions about biological 

phenomena, however, ust be based on 

research interests and conventions. 

2006020018 

分支分类中的疑点 : 17. 单系类群可以成为 

并系分枝 = Problematic issues of cladistics: 

17. Monophyletic taxa can be paraphyletic 

clades. ( 英文 ). Reif W-E. Neues Jahrbuch fur 


Abhandlungen, 2005, 238(3): 313-353 

Paraphyly is a relational, rather than an 

absolute term. A taxon is monophyletic if its 

time of differentiation is younger than its time 

of divergence from its sister taxon. The 

concomitant clade is parephyletic, as its time 

of differentiation is older than its time of 

divergence. As Hennig designed Phylogenetic 

Systematics for the study of Recent groups, it 

is essential to distinguish- in cladistics - 

between the classification of taxa and the 

classification of clades. All parphyletic groups 

can be made monophyletic by dividing them 

into two sister-groups with identical 

heterobathmy. The fact that Acrania are 

monophyletic for the zoologists, but 

paraphyletic for the paleontologists shows: 

Monophyly and paraphyly are contextdependent; 

the time-limited perspective of the 

zoologists and the time-extended view of the 

paleontologists are fundamentally different 

and have to be kept carefully separate. 

Definitions of monophyletic, paraphyletic and 

polyphyletic groups must be based on an 

ontological concept, namely their historical 

independence. The three kinds of groups have 

different kinds of historical independence and 

thus of reality. 

2006020019 

第四纪晚期大型动物群灭绝和全球过度捕 

杀假说 = Megafaunal extinction in the late 

Quaternary and the global overkill hypothesis. 

( 英文 ). Wroe S, Field J, Fullagar R, Jermiin L 

S. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(1): 291-331 

The global blitzkrieg hypothesis explains 

differential rates of megafaunal extinction 

between the world's landmasses in the late 

Quaternary based on a proposed leap in 

predation efficiency enjoyed by colonising 

societies. It is characterised by appealing 

simplicity. Selective over hunting, facilitated 

by naivete to human predation, produced rapid 

mass extinctions of large animals wherever 

subsistence societies colonised new 

landmasses. Taken at face value the 

circumstantial case for blitzkrieg is 

compelling and despite a paucity of direct 

evidence it has gained considerable support. 

Our review of the model suggests that it 

overlooks much contradictory data and rests 

on simplistic interpretations of complex 

biogeographical and anthropological 

phenomena. These interpretations and 

assumptions do not account for major 

differences between the biotas, ecologies and 

human cultures of the landmasses involved. 

The assertion that responses of remote island 

species to human predation provide realistic 

models for those of continental taxa is poorly 

founded, exaggerating the likely predation 

efficiency of humans colonising continents. 

An absence of terrestrial predators over 

evolutionarily significant periods, together 

with restricted ranges and small populations, 

renders island faunas uniquely vulnerable to 

invaders. The argument, that climate cannot 

explain these phenomena because previous 

Glacial Maxima did not cause comparable 

6

extinctions, presupposes that their local effects 

were at least as severe as those of the Last 

Glacial Maximum. This has yet to be 

demonstrated and at most it would indirectly 

support a role for anthropogenic influence, not 

overkill per se. Overlooked or underplayed are 

the influences of translocated and other 

invading species. Similarly, differences in the 

origins, technologies and traditions of 

colonising human societies are rarely 

considered. These factors strongly impact on 

the predation efficiency, density and range of 

human populations, critically affecting the 

outcomes of predator-prey modeling. When a 

fuller constellation of influences and 

constraints is considered it is reasonable to 

posit that rapid mass extinction through 

selective human predation may largely 

describe megafaunal extinctions on remote 

islands, but the argument is not convincing for 

continents. This is especially so regarding 

Australia. Because even the largest Australian 

species were prey to endemic carnivores, their 

responses to human predation would not have 

been comparable to those of oceanic island 

species. No kill-sites or specialized big-game 

hunting/butchering tools are known and, on 

the basis of ethnographic and archaeological 

data, it is probable that predation efficiency, 

population density and range of the first 

Australians were insufficient to effect rapid 

mass extinction. Chronologies of human 

arrival and the disappearance of megafauna 

remain poor, but the most recent estimates for 

human-megafaunal coexistence in Australia 

range from 10,000 to 43,000 years. Although 

human predation may have been a 

contributing factor in megafaunal extinctions, 

rapid overkill is unlikely to describe the actual 

mechanism in most instances. The role of 

human predation and its significance relative 

to competing factors, human and otherwise, 

varied considerably between landmasses, as 

did the speeds with which extinctions 

occurred. Blitzkrieg and other mono-factorial 

models are heuristically valuable devices, but 

a growing body of evidence suggests that 

extinction-can rarely, if ever, be attributed to a 

single cause. 

2006020020 

异龙已知最早的校正和居维叶的 

"Ossemens Fossiles" 的哲学原点 = The 

earliest known restoration of a pterosaur and 

the philosophical origins of Cuvier’s 

Ossemens Fossiles. ( 英文 ). Taquet P; Padian 

K. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(2): 157- 

175 

The oldest known restoration of a pterosaur, 

sent by Professor Jean Hermann of Strasbourg 

to Georges Cuvier in Paris in 1800, was never 

published. But it has been found, along with 

many of Cuvier’s important papers and letters, 

in the archives of the central library of the 

National Museum of Natural History in Paris. 

The sketch is unusual in many respects 

because Hermann interpreted the animal as a 

better possible intermediate between birds and 

quadrupeds than bats would be. Although 

Hermann’s reconstruction had little influence 

on Cuvier, it drew the latter’s attention to 

Collini’s 1784 paper, the first ever on these 

animals, which Cuvier would later name 

ptéro-dactyles without ever seeing the original 

specimens. Collini’s drawing immediately 

convinced Cuvier that the mysterious animals 

were reptiles, and that they could fly. Cuvier’s 

expertise with the patterns of comparative 

anatomy allowed him to correct many 

interpretations of other workers, who 

visualized pterosaurs as mammals, birds, bats, 

amphibious or marine animals, or as 

intermediates between different groups. These 

somewhat tentative, complex concepts of the 

structures and ‘affinities’ of prehistoric life 

reflect the fluidity of pre-evolutionary, 

horizontal ‘arrangements’ in contrast to later 

evolutionary, vertical classifications based on 

ideas about phylogeny. But Collini’s paper 

also immediately provided a strong theoretical 

underpinning for Cuvier’s prospectus for his 

great work, Ossemens Fossiles des 

Quadrupèdes. Shortly after reading Collini’s 

paper, Cuvier developed the introduction to 

his 1800 prospectus, incorporating many of 

Collini’s rhetorical strategies with his own 

views. These same ideas also became 

important in Cuvier’s Discours préliminaire to 

the Ossemens Fossiles, his most renowned 

philosophical work. 

2006020021 

关于分泌硅的海洋生物的起源 : 古生物学 

和分子生物学的争论 = Palaeontological and 

molecular arguments for the origin of silicasecreting 

marine organisms. ( 英文 ). Danelian 

T; Moreira D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 

3(3): 229-236 

The morphological resemblance of some 

primitive Early Palaeozoic Radiolaria with 

siliceous sponges has raised the intriguing 

question of their possible phylogenetic affinity. 

Here, we address this question through the 

7

analysis of available molecular evidence for a 

number of silica-secreting marine organisms. 

The obtained phylogenetic tree does not 

support the above hypothesis, but it suggests 

the monophyly of Acantharian and 

Polycystine Radiolaria. The record of the 

oldest known siliceous fossils provides a time 

calibration of the molecular dendrograms and 

allows us to suggest likely ages for the origin 

of several non-fossilizable groups. 

2006020022 

硅华 : 从生物成因到生物模拟 = From 

biogenic to biomimetic silica. ( 英文 ). Coradin 

T;Lopez P J;Gautier C;Livage J. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 443-452 

Although widespread in nature, the 

biomineralisation processes of silica formation 

by living organisms are still poorly understood. 

Recent advances in the elucidation of 

biosilicification mechanisms by combining 

analytical, biomolecular and biomimetic 

approaches are reviewed, focusing on sponge 

spicule and diatoms frustule biosynthesis. 

2006020023 

造礁珊瑚的生物成矿作用 : 从分子机理到 

环境控制 = Biomineralisation in reef-building 

corals: from molecular mechanisms to 

environmental control. ( 英文 ). Denis 

Allemand D;Ferrier-Pagès C;Furla 

P;Houlbrèque F;Puverel S;Reynaud 

S;Tambutté E; Tambutté S; Zoccola D. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 453- 

467 

Coral reefs constitute real oasis sheltering 

for about one third of the identified fishes, 

representing a major advantage for the 

economy and tourism of many tropical 

countries. However it is paradoxical to notice 

that their formation at the cellular level or 

even at the scale of the organism is still poorly 

known. Effectively, biomineralisation, the 

process that is at the basis of their edification, 

is always the subject of numerous researches. 

Two combined mechanisms lead to the 

formation of a biomineral, the 

synthesis/secretion of macromolecules 

referred to as ‘organic matrix’, and the 

transport of ions (calcium, bicarbonates and 

protons in the case of calcification) to the 

mineralising site. This review shows a view of 

the works carried out on biomineralisation in 

scleractinian corals, including some aspects on 

the control of calcification by environmental 

parameters. It also gives insights into the 

biological basis of the use of coral skeletons 

as environmental archives in palaeooceanography 

2006020024 

关于生物矿化作用概念的更新 = The 

renewal of ideas about biomineralisations. 

( 英 ). Bouligand Y. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2004, 3(6-7): 617-628 

Biomineralogy is an ancient discipline, 

based initially on techniques that were those 

of classical crystallography and histology, in 

light or in electron microscopy. Recently, the 

research landscape has been modified by new 

methodologies coming from molecular 

genetics and also from inorganic chemistry, 

driven by hopes to create a genuine ‘chimie 

douce’, close to physiological conditions, in 

which biomineralisations would provide 

useful models. Historically, belief preceded 

basic understanding. Today, mineralised 

tissues appear to be highly structured 

composites at nanoscales and their 

morphogenesis might be a model system for 

genetics 

2006020025 

保存偏差、演化速率和数据库的相参性 : 

以双壳类作为案例 = Preservation biases, 

rates of evolution and coherence of databases: 

Bivalvia as a study case. ( 英文 ). Ros S; De 

Renzi M. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 549-558 

Several hypotheses about the influence of 

preservation on Bivalvia rates of evolution 

estimates (marine and freshwater families) 

were tested in a previous paper. However, the 

database used for those tests had a patchy 

quality and our results were provisional. Now 

an improved database dealing with only 

marine families has been used in order to test 

again those hypotheses. We removed 

freshwater families from the early database 

and we test the statistical hypotheses on these 

two data sources. Diversification patterns 

remain stable in general with these different 

databases; however, only the improved 

database shows the mass extinction at the end 

of the Triassic times. Statistical conclusions in 

the previous paper are generally confirmed in 

the present study. Since the presence of taxa 

having shell biominerals with different 

stability (aragonite or calcite) is not 

independent from geologic time (as expression 

of the fossil record rarefaction), the estimates 

of rates of evolution will be biased by these 

two factors. The influence of the mode of life, 

however, has been reinterpreted since it is 

mainly associated with mineralogical 

8

compositions. As a consequence, the mode of 

life does not influence preservation. In 

addition, age-sea character (aragonitic or 

calcitic seas) has significantly no influence on 

preferential preservation of the corresponding 

CO3Ca polymorph. Some significant 

statistical results are better interpreted in 

evolutionary terms. 

2006020026 

阿根廷圣胡安省下白垩统 Lagarcito 组的古 

生物学 = Paleontology of the Lagarcito 

formation (lower Cretaceous), San Juan 

Province, Argentina..( 其他 ). Pramparo M B; 

Ballent S C; Gallego O F; Milana J P. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 93-114 

The first paleontological records from the 

Lagarcito Formation (Albian) in the eastern 

side of the sierra de Guayaguas (La Yesera 

Sur section), south-eastern San Juan Province, 

central-western Argentina, are presented. 

Although several lake episodes have been 

detected, only three of them have yielded 

abundant palynologic and paleontologic 

remains. Eight chlorophyte algal species, three 

conchostracan species and eleven non-marine 

ostracod species, are described and illustrated. 

The associations indicate a shallow lacustrine 

environment, that was initially rich in 

nutrients and with high levels of evaporation, 

as demonstrated by interstratified gypsum 

towards the top of each lacustrine episode. 

Two of the conchostracan species described 

are new: Dendrostracus lagarcitoensis Gallego 

sp. nov. and Pseudestherites rivarolai Gallego 

sp. nov. 

2006020027 

关于检测地球最早生命的地质学控因 : 来 

自格林兰西南部早太古代 ( 大于 37 亿年 ) 

的观察 = Geological constraints on detecting 

the earliest life on Earth: a perspective from 

the Early Archaean (older than 3.7Gyr) of 

southwest Greenland. ( 英文 ). Fedo C M; 

Whitehouse M J; Kamber B S. Philosophical 

Transactions of the Royal Society B: 

Biological Sciences, 2006, 361(1470): 851 - 

867 

At greater than 3.7Gyr, Earth's oldest 

known supracrustal rocks, comprised 

dominantly of mafic igneous with less 

common sedimentary units including banded 

iron formation (BIF), are exposed in 

southwest Greenland. Regionally, they were 

intruded by younger tonalites, and then both 

were intensely dynamothermally 

metamorphosed to granulite facies (the highest 

pressures and temperatures generally 

encountered in the Earth's crust during 

metamorphism) in the Archaean and 

subsequently at lower grades until about 

1500Myr ago. Claims for the first preserved 

life on Earth have been based on the 

occurrence of greater than 3.8Gyr isotopically 

light C occurring as graphite inclusions within 

apatite crystals from a 5m thick purported BIF 

on the island of Akilia. Detailed geologic 

mapping and observations there indicate that 

the banding, first claimed to be depositional, is 

clearly deformational in origin. Furthermore, 

the mineralogy of the supposed BIF, being 

dominated by pyroxene, amphibole and quartz, 

is unlike well-known BIF from the Isua 

Greenstone Belt (IGB), but resembles 

enclosing mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks 

modified by metasomatism and repeated 

metamorphic recrystallization. This scenario 

parsimoniously links the geology, whole-rock 

geochemistry, 2.7Gyr single crystal zircon 

ages in the unit, an approximately 1500Myr 

age for apatites that lack any graphite, non- 

MIF sulphur isotopes in the unit and an 

inconclusive Fe isotope signature. Although 

both putative body fossils and carbon-12 

enriched isotopes in graphite described at Isua 

are better explained by abiotic processes, more 

fruitful targets for examining the earliest 

stages in the emergence of life remain within 

greater than 3.7Gyr IGB, which preserves BIF 

and other rocks that unambiguously formed at 

Earth's surface. 

2006020028 

太古代生命的化石证据 = Fossil evidence of 

Archaean life. ( 英文 ). Schopf J W. 

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal 

Society B: Biological Sciences, 2006, 

361(1470): 869 - 885 

Evidence for the existence of life during the 

Archaean segment of Earth history (more than 

2500Myr ago) is summarized. Data are 

presented for 48 Archaean deposits reported to 

contain biogenic stromatolites, for 14 such 

units reported to contain 40 morphotypes of 

putative microfossils, and for 13 especially 

ancient, 3200–3500Myr old geologic units for 

which available organic geochemical data are 

also summarized. These compilations support 

the view that life's existence dates from more 

than or equal to 3500Myr ago. 

2006020029 

9

关于早太古代细胞生命化石证据的新观察 

= A fresh look at the fossil evidence for early 

Archaean cellular life. ( 英文 ). Brasier M; 

McLoughlin N;Green O; Wacey D. 



361(1470): 887 - 902 

The rock record provides us with unique 

evidence for testing models as to when and 

where cellular life first appeared on Earth. Its 

study, however, requires caution. The 

biogenicity of stromatolites and ‘microfossils’ 

older than 3.0Gyr should not be accepted 

without critical analysis of morphospace and 

context, using multiple modern techniques, 

plus rejection of alternative non-biological 

(null) hypotheses. The previous view that the 

co-occurrence of biology-like morphology and 

carbonaceous chemistry in ancient, 

microfossil-like objects is a presumptive 

indicator of biogenicity is not enough. As with 

the famous Martian microfossils, we need to 

ask not ‘what do these structures remind us 

of?’, but ‘what are these structures?’ Earth's 

oldest putative ‘microfossil’ assemblages 

within 3.4–3.5Gyr carbonaceous cherts, such 

as the Apex Chert, are likewise selforganizing 

structures that do not pass tests for 

biogenicity.There is a preservational paradox 

in the fossil record prior to ca 2.7Gyr: suitable 

rocks (e.g. isotopically light carbonaceous 

cherts) are widely present, but signals of life 

are enigmatic and hard to decipher. One new 

approach includes detailed mapping of wellpreserved 

sandstone grains in the ca 3.4Gyr 

Strelley Pool Chert. These can contain 

endolithic microtubes showing syngenicity, 

grain selectivity and several levels of 

geochemical processing. Preliminary studies 

invite comparison with a class of ambient 

inclusion trails of putative microbial origin 

and with the activities of modern anaerobic 

proteobacteria and volcanic glass euendoliths. 

2006020030 

细胞演化与地球历史 : 停滞和革命 = Cell 

evolution and Earth history: stasis and 

revolution. ( 英文 ). Cavalier-Smith T. 



361(1470): 969 - 1006 

This synthesis has three main parts. The 

first discusses the overall tree of life and 

nature of the last common ancestor 

(cenancestor). I emphasize key steps in 

cellular evolution important for ordering and 

timing the major evolutionary innovations in 

the history of the biosphere, explaining 

especially the origins of the eukaryote cell and 

of bacterial flagella and cell envelope 

novelties. Second, I map the tree onto the 

fossil record and discuss dates of key events 

and their biogeochemical impact. Finally, I 

present a broad synthesis, discussing evidence 

for a three-phase history of life. The first 

phase began perhaps ca 3.5Gyr ago, when the 

origin of cells and anoxic photosynthesis 

generated the arguably most primitive 

prokaryote phylum, Chlorobacteria 

(=Chloroflexi), the first negibacteria with cells 

bounded by two acyl ester phospholipid 

membranes. After this ‘chlorobacterial age’ of 

benthic anaerobic evolution protected from 

UV radiation by mineral grains, two 

momentous quantum evolutionary episodes of 

cellular innovation and microbial radiation 

dramatically transformed the Earth's surface: 

the glycobacterial revolution initiated an 

oxygenic ‘age of cyanobacteria’ and, as the 

ozone layer grew, the rise of plankton; 

immensely later, probably as recently as ca 

0.9Gyr ago, the neomuran revolution ushered 

in the ‘age of eukaryotes’, Archaebacteria 

(arguably the youngest bacterial phylum), and 

morphological complexity. Diversification of 

glycobacteria ca 2.8Gyr ago, predominantly 

inhabiting stratified benthic mats, I suggest 

caused serial depletion of 13 C by ribulose 1,5- 

bis-phosphate caboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) 

to yield ultralight late Archaean organic 

carbon formerly attributed to methanogenesis 

plus methanotrophy. The late origin of 

archaebacterial methanogenesis ca 720Myr 

ago perhaps triggered snowball Earth episodes 

by slight global warming increasing 

weathering and reducing CO 2 levels, to yield 

runaway cooling; the origin of anaerobic 

methane oxidation ca 570Myr ago reduced 

methane flux at source, stabilizing 

Phanerozoic climates. I argue that the major 

cellular innovations exhibit a pattern of 

quantum evolution followed by very rapid 

radiation and then substantial stasis, as 

described by Simpson. They yielded 

organisms that are a mosaic of extremely 

conservative and radically novel features, as 

characterized by De Beer's phrase ‘mosaic 

evolution’. Evolution is not evenly paced and 

there are no real molecular clocks. 

2006020031 

元古代海洋中的真核生物 = Eukaryotic 

organisms in Proterozoic oceans. ( 英文 ). 

Knoll A H; Javaux E J; Hewitt D; Cohen P. 

10



361(1470): 1023 - 1038 

The geological record of protists begins 

well before the Ediacaran and Cambrian 

diversification of animals, but the antiquity of 

that history, its reliability as a chronicle of 

evolution and the causal inferences that can be 

drawn from it remain subjects of debate. Wellpreserved 

protists are known from a relatively 

small number of Proterozoic formations, but 

taphonomic considerations suggest that they 

capture at least broad aspects of early 

eukaryotic evolution. A modest diversity of 

problematic, possibly stem group protists 

occurs in ca 1800–1300Myr old rocks. 1300– 

720Myr fossils document the divergence of 

major eukaryotic clades, but only with the 

Ediacaran–Cambrian radiation of animals did 

diversity increase within most clades with 

fossilizable members. While taxonomic 

placement of many Proterozoic eukaryotes 

may be arguable, the presence of characters 

used for that placement is not. Focus on 

character evolution permits inferences about 

the innovations in cell biology and 

development that underpin the taxonomic and 

morphological diversification of eukaryotic 

organisms 

2006020032 

达尔文的窘境 : 寒武纪生命大爆发的实际 

存在 = Darwin's dilemma: the realities of the 

Cambrian ‘explosion’. ( 英文 ). Morris S C. 



361(1470): 1069 - 1083 

The Cambrian ‘explosion’ is widely 

regarded as one of the fulcrum points in the 

history of life, yet its origins and causes 

remain deeply controversial. New data from 

the fossil record, especially of Burgess Shaletype 

Lagerstätten, indicate, however, that the 

assembly of bodyplans is not only largely a 

Cambrian phenomenon, but can already be 

documented in fair detail. This speaks against 

a much more ancient origin of the metazoans, 

and current work is doing much to reconcile 

the apparent discrepancies between the fossil 

record, including the Ediacaran assemblages 

of latest Neoproterozoic age and molecular 

‘clocks’. Hypotheses to explain the Cambrian 

‘explosion’ continue to be generated, but the 

recurrent confusion of cause and effect 

suggests that the wrong sort of question is 

being asked. Here I propose that despite its 

step-like function this evolutionary event is 

the inevitable consequence of Earth and 

biospheric change. 

遗迹化石 

2006020033 

遗迹属 Sabellarifex Richter, 1921 的修订及 

其与 Skolithos Haldeman, 1840 和 

Polykladichnus Fürsich, 1981 的关系 = 

Revision of the ichnogenus Sabellarifex 

Richter, 1921 and its relationship to Skolithos 

Haldeman, 1840 and Polykladichnus Fürsich, 

1981. ( 英文 ). Schlirf M; Uchman A. Journal 

of Systematic Palaeontology, 2005, 3(2): 115- 

131 

The trace fossil Sabellarifex Richter, 1921 

is revised and a lectotype for the type 

ichnospecies, Sabellarifex eifliensis, is 

designated which unambiguously puts the 

ichnogenus Sabellarifex into synonymy with 

generally unbranched, vertical, tubular 

structures of the ichnogenus Skolithos 

Haldeman, 1840. Polykladichnus Fürsich, 

1981, a vertically orientated trace fossil with 

upward-directed Y- to U-shaped branching, 

remains a valid ichnotaxon, although some 

specimens in the type series of Sabellarifex 

eifliensis also show this feature. Further use of 

Sabellarifex is not recommended. The 

potential value of ichnotaxobases for simple, 

tubular, vertically orientated trace fossils is 

discussed. Branching is considered an 

ichnotaxobase of high significance in simple, 

vertically orientated structures, thus relevant 

for ichnogeneric distinction. Wall-lining is 

considered less important but suitable for 

ichnospecific differentiation. Funnel-shaped 

apertures are not considered suitable 

ichnotaxobases in this case. This does not 

affect the classification of non-tubular, plugor 

funnel-shaped structures such as Conichnus 

or Bergaueria. In the course of evaluating 

ichnotaxobases of simple, tubular, vertically 

orientated structures, Monocraterion Torell, 

1870 is also revised. The morphology of the 

lectotype of Monocraterion tentaculatum 

clearly differs from Skolithos in showing 

radiating tubular structures. Their origin is 

unique and remains dubious hence 

Monocraterion should only be used for the 

type material. The palaeoecology of Skolithos 

and Polykladichnus is discussed. Marine 

Skolithos is best explained as a domichnion 

made by phoronids or annelids. Non-marine 

Skolithos may be produced by insects or 

spiders; sculptured terminations of Skolithos 

have hitherto only been observed in nonmarine 

finds. If this may be diagnostic for all 

11

non-marine Skolithos remains open. Marine 

Polykladichnus are best interpreted as 

domichnia of polychaetes or cerianthid 

anemones. Non-marine Polykladichnus are 

most likely produced by insects or insect 

larvae. 

2006020034 

贵州独山中泥盆世动藻迹生态习性探讨 = 

The approach to palaeoecology of ichnofossil 

Zoophycos from Middle Devonian in Dushan 

County, Guizhou Province. ( 中文 ). 王约 . 古 

生物学报 , 2004, 43(4): 591-596 1 图版 . 

贵州独山中泥盆统产有丰富的遗迹化石 

Zoophycos, 现从其产出的特征和古生态等方 

面对其生活习性进行探讨。认为分布于静 

水、贫氧、有机质丰富环境的 Zoophycos 

为螺旋向上的内生觅食构造 ; 边缘管一端通 

过中央通道与海水相通 , 呈 “J” 形 ; 蹼状构造 

系造迹生物觅食区域的扩大、边缘管增大 

而形成 ; 同一个体的 Zoophycos 可以分出许 

多的与蹼状构造变化规律相近的、具同一 

边缘管的觅食序列 (food system) , 每一觅食 

序列的边缘管具有一端向上与中央通道相 

通 , 另一端向下与相邻觅食序列的边缘管相 

联 ; 螺旋的疏密、大小与相对沉积速度有 

关。产于独山地区中泥盆统的 Zoophycos 

的造迹生物可能是星虫类 (sipunculids)。 

2006020035 

德国西南部 Mainz 盆地渐新世沿岸潮下环 

境中 Chondrichthyan 产生的凹陷 = 

Chondrichthyan feeding depressions in a 

subtidal coastal environment from the Mainz 

Basin (Oligocene, SW Germany). ( 英文 ). 

Schindler T; Poschmann M; Wuttke M. Neues 


Abhandlungen, 2005, 237(1): 29-39 

The section shows a subtidal sequence from 

ramp to extended shoreface depostits. The 

trace fossils interpreted here as ray feeding 

depressions form dish-like depressions. They 

resemble structures previously recorded from 

Cretaceous to Recent sediments elsewhere and 

were interpreted as ray excavations or ray 

feeding depressions. Myliobatid rays excavate 

those "holes" by jetting water from the mouth 

and/or gills into the substrate in order to 

obtain infaunal prey. Ray feeding depressions, 

attributable to the ichnogenus Piscichnus, 

have now been recorded from four localites in 

the Mainz Basin. 

2006020036 

澳大利亚新南威尔士西部达林盆地非海相 

晚志留世 - 早泥盆世遗迹化石 ? = Nonmarine 

? Late Silurian-Early Devonian trace 

fossils, Darling Basin, western New South 

Wales. ( 英文 ). Neef G. Alcheringa, 2004, 

28(2): 389-399 

An ichnofauna consisting of four types of 

trackways and five types of traces, largely 

made by arthropods, was discovered in 

the ?Late Silurian-Early Devonian Mt 

Daubeny Formation in western New South 

Wales. The trackways include forms of 

Diplichnites gouldi, Merostomichnites strandi 

(most common) and Palmichnium antarticum 

(form A), and the traces include Cruziana sp. 

Didymaulichnus lyelli, Didplodichnus 

biformis, Planolites sp. and Rusophysus sp. 

The formation, >6 km thick, was deposited 

during semi-arid and humid climates in a 

terminal fan environment. The discovery of 

Palmichnium antarticum (form B) from the 

Givetian Gum Creek beds at Moona Vale 

Station is also reported. 

2006020037 

脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹生态类型及在恢复 

古环境中的作用 = Ecotypes of footprintsswimming 

traces of vertebrates and their 

effect on the reconstruction of the 

paleoenvironment. ( 中文 ). 胡勇 ; 卢宗盛 ; 许聘 ; 

熊鑫琪 . 地质科技情报 , 2004, 23(4): 25-29 

脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹化石的形成需要 

严格的保存条件 , 不同类型的足迹、游泳迹 

化石对其形成环境具有很强的指示作用 . 对 

脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹进行了生态分类 , 分 

为硬基底足迹、软基底足迹、浅水划行 

迹、水深小于或等于生物身高的游泳迹、 

水深大于生物身高的游泳迹等 5 类 . 提出可 

以根据脊椎动物足迹、游泳迹的生态类型 

对古水体深度、古水流方向、沉积物中水 

分含量等古环境进行恢复 . 同时可以利用足 

迹群的方向性、足迹和游泳迹的层面组构 

及垂向更替进行古岸线的恢复及沉积过程 

和古气候旋回的分析 . 

2006020038 

豫西济源谭庄组河流沉积中的 Sitpsellus 遗 

迹组构 = The Stipsellus ichnofabric in the 

fluvial deposits of Upper Triassic Tanzhuang 

Formation in Jiyuanm,western Henan. ( 中文 ). 

胡斌 ; 张国成 ; 郭卫星 ; 齐永安 ; 张利伟 . 煤田地 

质与勘探 , 2004, 32(3): 1-5 

豫西济源盆地上三叠统谭庄组下段为曲 

流河沉积。本文通过描述和分析谭庄组河 

12

流沉积特征 , 划分了 4 种不同河流沉积组 

合类型 , 识别出 Stipsellus 遗迹组构 , 并发 

现该遗迹组构常与曲流河沉积物伴生 , 可 

作为此类沉积的典型生物遗迹标志。其 

中 ,Stipsellus sp.A 代表发育在河漫滩较 

浅水体下或潮湿的软底细粒沉积物中的一 

种遗迹组构类型 ;Stipsellus sp. B 则代表发 

育在曲流砂坝上部的另一种遗迹组构类 

型。 

2006020039 

智利科迪勒拉海岸上新统 Navidad 组和 La 

Cueva 组界线处的 Clossifungites 遗迹相及 

其层序地层意义 = The Clossifungites 

ichnofacies at the boundary between the 

Navidad (Rapel Member) and La Cueva 

formations, Pliocene of the Coastal Cordillera, 

Chile: Its sequence stratigraphic significance. 

( 英文 ). Buatois L A, Encinas A. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 3-9 

The Glossifungites ichnofacies is 

recognized at the boundary between the 

Navidad (Rapel Member) and La Cueva 

formations, Pliocene of the Coastal Cordillera, 

Chile. The Glossifungites suite is 

characterized by a high density of ? 

Gastrochaenolites isp. The surface is mantled 

by a transgressive lag. Burrows are passively 

infilled with sand and gravel coming from the 

overlying bed. The surface represents a 

sequence boundary (a co-planar surface of 

lowstand erosion and transgressive 

ravinement). 

Author Keywords: ichnology; trace fossils; 

Glossifungites ichnofacies; sequence 

stratigraphy; Chile 

2006020040 

天山南侧第三系遗迹化石新发现 = New 

discovery of Tertiary trace fossils from 

Southern Tianshan, Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 张永忠 ; 

张建平 ; 金小郝 ; 柳永清 . 地质通报 , 2004, 

23(11): 1157-1159 1 图版 . 

遗迹化石研究具有多方面的意义 , 而对沉 

积环境的解释是其中重要的方面 . 在天山南 

侧的诸多新生界剖面上首次发现了大量遗 

迹化石 , 为地层界面的认识和进一步分析当 

时的生物面貌、沉积环境提供了重要的证 

据 . 发现了 3 个遗迹化石相 , 即 Scoyenia( 斯柯 

茵迹 ) 遗迹相、Skolithos( 石针迹 ) 遗迹相和 

Glossifungites( 舌菌迹 ) 遗迹相 , 共计有 10 余 

个遗迹化石属 , 这在以陆相为主的地层中是 

不多见的 . 另外 , 在一些剖面上还发现了大量 

哺乳类足迹化石 , 对确定当时生物群的面貌 

和生态环境具积极意义。 

2006020041 

波兰晚二叠世 Tumlin 砂岩中脊椎动物遗 

迹 : 对某些重大问题的评述 = "Late 

Permian" vertebrate tracks from the Tumlin 

Sandstone of Poland----a commentary on 

some major implications. ( 英文 ). Racki G. 

Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2005, 50(2): 

394-396 

The article by Ptaszynski and Niedzwiedzhi 

on vertebrate tracks from the well-known 

Tumlin Sandstone provides important 

documentation of the unique terrestrial 

ichnofauna of the Holy Cross Mountains in 

Poland. However, two of the major 

conclusions of this paper raise my objections. 

The authors propose a new position for the 

Permian-Triassic boundary within the 

Buntsandstein succession of the regional 

lithostratigraphical scheme. In a conclusion of 

global significance, the authors find no 

signature of a mass extinction in the Late 

Permian land-dwelling tetrapod communities. 

Both of these issues are reviewed below. 

2006020042 

意大利亚平宁北部晚白垩世遗迹化石 

Atollites 的首次记录 = First record of the 

ichnofossil atollites from the Late Cretaceous 

of the Northern Apenines, Italy. ( 英文 ). 

Serpagli E. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(2): 403-408 

A new radial trace fossil, Atollites italicum 

ichnosp. nov., is reported from Upper 

Cretaceous sedimnets of the Northern 

Apennines (Italy). It is made up of several 

cylinder-club systems, which are interpreted 

as radiating in a possible faint spiral pattern 

from a central shaft. The pre-diagenetic 

reconstruction of the Atollites structure 

is attempted for the first time. The trace fossil 

may be attributed to small crustaceans or, less 

probebly, it represents a feeding burrow of 

other deposit feeders. 

2006020043 

阿根廷西北部圣罗斯塔组 Alfarcito 段的遗 

迹学 : 下古生代波浪为主的浅海中动物 - 底 

质相互作用 = Ichnology of the Alfarcito 

Member (Santa Rosita Formation) of 

northwestern Argentina: animal-substrate 

interactions in a lower Paleozoic wavedominated 

shallow, sea. ( 英文 ). Mangano M 

13

G; Buatois L A; Guinea F M. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(4): 641-668 

The lower fine-grained interval of the 

Alfarcito Member of the Upper Cambrian- 

Tremadocian Santa Rosita Formation in 

northwestern Argentina represents an overall 

transgressive-regressive cycle, recording the 

establishment of an open-marine, shallow, 

low-gradient platform. Four main sedimentary 

facies have been recognized, environmentally 

ranging from the lower offshore to the 

lower/middle shoreface. Alternating and 

contrasting energy conditions due to repeated 

storm events superimposed on fair-weather 

sediments were among the key controlling 

factors for trace fossil distribution and 

preservation. Fairweather and storm-related 

trace fossil assemblages are recognized. The 

first is the most diverse and includes the more 

varied behavioral strategies, such as 

locomotion (Archaeonassa fossulata, Cruziana 

semiplicata, C. problematica, Cruziana isp. 

and Diplichnites isp.); resting (Rusophycus 

moyensis, R. carbonarius, Rusophycus issp. 

and Bergaueria aff. B, hemispherica); 

pascichnia (Dimorphichnus aff. D, 

quadrifidus); feeding (Arthrophycus 

minimus, ?Gyrolithes isp., Gyrophyllites 

isp., ?phycodes isp. and Planolites reinecki); 

and dwelling (Palacophycus tubudaris, P. 

striatus). This assemblage represents the 

Cruziana ichnofacies. The storm-related 

assemblage is monospecific and includes 

vertical dwelling traces (Skolithos linearis), 

and is attributed to the Skolithos ichnofacies. 

Integration of ichnologic and sedimentologic 

data allows proximal-distal trends in shallowmarine 

trace fossil assemblages along a 

nearshore-offshore transect to be 

reconstructed. High-energy conditions 

prevailed in lower and middle shoreface 

environments and bioturbation is restricted to 

vertical burrows (Skolithos linearis), recording 

colonization after storm events. 

Environmental conditions in the offshore 

transition and the upper offshore are more 

variable and reflect the alternation of highenergy 

storm events and low-energy 

fairweather mudstone deposition. The stormrelated 

Skolithos ichnofacies is present, but 

alternates with the fairweather assemblage 

(Cruziana ichnofacies) that reaches a diversity 

maximum ill the upper offshore. Trace fossils 

are scarce in lower offshore deposits, being 

restricted to a few non-descript burrows, 

mostly Palaecophycus tubularis. Shoreface 

deposits from the Alfarcito Member compare 

favorably with the strongly storm-dominated 

type. All these deposits are stacked to form 

regional coarsening-upward parasequences 

that record short-term progradational episodes 

separated by drowning surfaces. Vertical 

distribution of trace fossils parallels changes 

in stratal stacking patterns. Several ichnotaxa 

(especially Cruziana semiplicata, Rusophycus 

moyensis and Arthrophycus minimus) have 

biostratigraphic implications. 

2006020044 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚中新世一种新遗迹化 

石 :Patagonichnus, 多毛类一种可能的进 

食迹 = Patagonichnus: a new trace fossil from 

the Miocene of Patagonia. A probable 

fodinichnion of gregarious polychaetes. ( 英 ). 

Olivero E B;Cabrera M I L. Ameghiniana, 

2005, 42(2): 277-294 

Miocene tidal deposits from Las Grutas, 

Patagonia, Argentina, superbly preserve 

cylindrically laminated burrow systems 

including Asterosoma radiciforme von Otto 

and three compound ichnospecies of the 

newly proposed ichnogenus Patagonichnus; P. 

calyciformis n. isp.; P. stratiformis n. isp.; and 

P. thalassiformis n. isp. Together with large, 

palmate burrows, probably produced by 

crustacean decapods, they are elite trace 

fossils. The Patagonichnus burrow systems 

consist of many distinctive concentrically 

laminated elementary components including: 

horizontal and vertical, conical and helicoidal 

bulbs and swellings; vertical shafts; straight 

and paired branches; and cone-in-cone 

structures. Hollow, branched, straight or 

helicoidal inner lined tubes connect these 

structures. According to current definitions, 

isolated components could be misidentified as 

Asterosoma von Otto, Rosselia Dahmer, 

Cylindrichmus Toots in Howard, Gyrolithes 

De Saporta, Helicodromites Berger, or 

Chondrites von Sternberg. The concentrically 

laminated bulbs of Patagonichnus represent 

the feeding behavior of a worm-like organism, 

spiraling or circling its anterior end within the 

sediment while its posterior end was 

temporarily fixed at the terminal position of 

the inner tube. Spiraling or circling 

movements, associated with peripheral 

backfilling and central migration of a probing 

tube, result in discrete, discordant groups of 

laminae. In cross-section, these laminae 

appear as alternate half-spirals, continuous 

spirals, or concentric circles, which represent 

the plan view of a helicoidal or conical whole 

structure. The complete structure is interpreted 

14

as a fodinichnion. The connecting, hollow 

inner tube is interpreted as a dwelling 

structure and the associated backfilled bulb as 

a feeding structure, probably made by 

gregarious polychaetes. Analogies ill size, 

form, geometry, and behavior suggest 

polychaetes as the trace-makers of the 

Patagonichus burrows. 

2006020045 

波兰中中新世 cassid 蜗牛对海胆的捕食迹 

= Trace of cassid snails predation upon the 

echinoids from the middle Miocene of Poland.. 

( 英文 ). Ceranka T; Zlotnik M. Acta 

palaeontologica Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 491- 

496 

Drill holes on tests of Echinocyamus 

linearis from the Middle Miocene Korytnica 

Basin represent the first well documented 

fossil record of cassid predation from Poland. 

These traces complement the ecological 

information on the size and structure of cassid 

populations recorded by body fossils. The 

high number of drill holes recognised from the 

Heterostegina Sands, the uppermost part of 

the Korytnica depositional sequence, indicates 

the occurrence of a large cassid population 

during the late stage of development of the 

Korytnica Basin. The small size of most of the 

drill holes indicates that juvenile gastropods of 

the family Cassidae, which are not preserved 

in the fossil record of the investigated area, 

were also present in the cassid polulations. 

2006020046 

波希米亚奥陶纪孤立或与实体化石相关联 

的球粒 = Pellets independent of or associated 

with Bohemian Ordovician body fossils.. ( 英 

文 ). Bruthansova J; Kraft P. Acta 


445 

Clusters of small cylindrical pellets occur 

sporadically in Ordovician strata in Bohemia. 

They are assigned to the ichnogenus 

Tomaculum and occur in lenticular or 

elongaled accumulations. Similar 

accumulations are associated with body fossils 

including the cephala of the trilobites 

Ormathops atavus, Pricyclopyge binodosa, 

and Parabarrandia crassia. An interpretation 

of these pellets as trilobite eggs is highly 

improbable. 

2006020047 

遗迹学的研究现状与新进展 — 第 8 届国际 

遗迹组构专题研讨会综述 = Research 

actuality and new advances in ichnology: 

Outline of the Eighth International Ichnofabric 

Workshop. ( 中文 ). 龚一鸣 ; 胡斌 ; 齐永安 ; 张国 

成 . 古地理学报 , 2005, 7(4): 503-508 

第 8 届国际遗迹组构专题研讨会于 2005 

年 2 月 17~23 日在新西兰奥克兰大学召 

开。从会议报告、展板、论文摘要集和野 

外地质旅行可以看出 : 遗迹化石的正确分 

类命名及其形态功能和生态环境再造仍然 

是遗迹学的基础和主要内容 ; 对常见和复 

杂遗迹化石的精细研究和重新解释将导致 

遗迹化石指示古环境和古生态意义的重大 

变革 ; 遗迹化石特征的实验模拟和实证观 

测是定量解释造迹生物行为习性和生态环 

境意义的有效手段 ; 许多鲜为人知或被忽 

略的问题和现象走进遗迹学家的视野 ; 陆 

相遗迹化石群落与遗迹组构研究有了新的 

进展 ; 遗迹组构的岩心成像技术和三维模 

拟在油气勘探中正发挥越来越大的作用 , 

学科交叉融合和高新技术测试方法的引进 

是遗迹学发展的重要推动力。 

2006020048 

松辽盆地上白垩统陆相遗迹化石及其沉积 

环境 = Continental trace fossils and their 

sedimentary environments of the Upper 

Cretaceous in Songliao Basin. ( 中文 ). 郑玉龙 ; 

陈春瑞 ; 任林伟 . 古地理学报 , 2005, 7(3): 

337-346 

松辽盆地上白垩统中含有丰富的遗迹化 

石 , 通过对该盆地 20 余口取心井岩心的详 

细观察 , 发现了 6 大类动物遗迹化石 15 属 

20 种。根据这些遗迹化石的分布规律 , 在 

松辽盆地上白垩统中划分出 5 种遗迹化石 

组合 :(1)Scoyenia 遗迹组合 , 主要成分 

有 Scoyenia gracilis 、 Skolithos 和 

Planolites, 偶见停息迹化石 , 反映的是遭 

受周期性暴露的极浅水环境 ;(2 ) 

Skolithos 遗迹组合 , 主要以 Skolithos 和 

Cylindricum 十分发育为特征 , 分异度小 , 

丰度高 , 反映的是高能动水环境 ;(3) 

Arenicolites 遗迹组合 , 主要以 Arenicolites 

和 Polykladichnus 大量发育为特征 , 还见有 

Skolithos、Planolites、Thalassinoides 和逃 

逸迹等化石 , 分异度较高 , 反映了水流能 

量较低的浅水环境 ;(4)Planolites 遗迹组 

合 , 以密集分布的 Planolites 十分发育为特 

征 , 分异度小 , 丰度高 , 见有少量指示缺 

氧环境的 Chondrites 化石 , 反映了水体较 

平静的还原环境 ;(5)Fuersichnus 遗迹组 

合 , 主要由 Fuersichnus 、 Glockeria 、 

15

Gordia、Megagrapton 和 Planolites 等遗迹 

分子构成 , 反映了相对平静的深水环境。 

分子古生物学 

2006020049 

用四重定年法校正年龄灵敏度之模式 = 

Patterns of calibration age sensitivity with 

quartet dating methods. ( 英文 ). Brochu C A. 

Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 7–30 

Because more than one calibration is used, 

quartet dating (a molecular dating method) is 

thought to reduce error that might arise from a 

single calibration point. Within crocodylians, 

there is a strong correlation between 

calibration age and divergence estimate for 

five mitochondrial genes and one nuclear 

gene—estimates based on two Neogene 

calibrations are all younger than those based 

on two Paleogene calibrations, and estimates 

based on one Neogene and one Paleogene 

calibration are of intermediate age. 

Confidence limits on the youngest estimates 

exclude the oldest estimates, and in several 

cases they exclude known minimum 

divergences from fossil occurrences. Addition 

of time to the calibrations improves amongquartet 

and stratigraphic consistency, but not 

all kinds of modifications have the same 

impact; addition of uniform blocks of time to 

all calibrations efficiently increases amongquartet 

consistency, but with range extensions 

that more than double some of the Neogene 

calibrations. Modest increases in calibration 

age disproportionately impact divergence 

estimates based on later calibrations. Some 

among-quartet disparity might reflect 

calibration error, especially among caimans, 

but some range extensions necessary to 

improve consistency are unreasonably long. 

Quartet dating appears to systematically 

undercompensate branch length error with late 

calibrations and overcompensate it with early 

calibrations, but in all cases very reasonable 

results—alligatorid-crocodylid divergence in 

the Late Cretaceous and Alligator-caiman 

divergence at or near the Cretaceous-Tertiary 

boundary—are obtained when both a Neogene 

and a Paleogene calibration is used. This 

suggests that, given current likelihood models, 

the use of calibrations sampling different parts 

of a clade's history is the best strategy when 

using quartet dating. 

2006020050 

反证法 : 应用分子分支数据测试埃迪卡拉 

动物群和古生代疑难化石的演化关系 = 

Reductio ad absurdum: testing the 

evolutionary relationships of Ediacaran and 

Paleozoic problematic fossils using molecular 

divergence dates. ( 英文 ). Waggoner B; 

Collins A G. Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 

78(1): 51–61 1 图版 . 

Many of the late Neoproterozoic “Ediacaran 

fossils” have been referred to the Cnidaria, 

often on the basis of vague or poorly known 

features. However, representatives of the 

living Chondrophorina (=Porpitidae, 

Hydrozoa), Pennatulacea (Anthozoa), and 

Coronatae and/or Stauromedusae (Scyphozoa) 

have all been identified in Ediacaran biotas, 

based on specific morphological features 

preserved in a number of specimens. These 

three cnidarian groups have plausible 

Paleozoic representatives as well, but many of 

their Paleozoic fossils are also somewhat 

problematic. We test these systematic 

hypotheses by using them to calibrate 

divergence dates across the Cnidaria, based on 

an extensive molecular phylogeny of extant 

cnidarians. In this reductio ad absurdum 

approach, if a calibration based on one 

interpretation of a problematic fossil yields a 

glaringly inconsistent age for a better-known 

clade, that interpretation is likely to be 

mistaken. We find that assuming the existence 

of Pennatulacea and Scyphozoa in the 

“Ediacara biota” places the root of the 

Cnidaria between 800 and 1,000 Ma, a figure 

which is, at least, not out of line with other 

molecular clock estimates. However, 

assuming the existence of the Chondrophorina 

in the Neoproterozoic, or anywhere in the 

Paleozoic, pushes the root of the Cnidaria 

back to between 1,500 and 2,000 Ga, which is 

considerably older than the oldest previous 

estimates for the origin of the Cnidaria. We 

suggest that the likeliest explanation is that 

chondrophorines were not present in the late 

Precambrian or Paleozoic. The Ediacaran and 

Paleozoic fossils previously interpreted as 

chondrophorines probably represent other taxa. 

2006020051 

Montanoa (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) 属 ITS 

和 ETS 系统发育学研究 = A phylogeny of 

the ITS and ETS for Montanoa (Asteraceae: 

Heliantheae). ( 英文 ). Plovanicha A E; Panero 

J L.. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 815-821 

A phylogeny of the genus Montanoa based 

on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 

the external transcribed spacer (ETS) is 

presented. Each of the two clades revealed by 

16

the Bayesian and parsimony analyses has 

approximately half of the number of species in 

the genus. One lineage is composed mostly of 

central and southern Mexican species whereas 

the other lineage contains those species 

endemic to Mesoamerica and South America. 

The molecular phylogeny is compared to 

previous phylogenetic hypotheses based on 

morphological characters. Key features in the 

structure of the capitulum such as pale 

morphology, heavily used in the past to 

construct hypotheses of relationship within the 

genus, are viewed as of minimal value to 

circumscribe natural groups. The relationships 

of Montanoa to other genera in the 

Heliantheae are briefly discussed. 

2006020052 

序列比对和寻树的独立性 = Independence of 

alignment and tree search. ( 英文 ). Simmons 

M P. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 874-879 

I assert that similarity is the appropriate 

homology criterion for sequence alignment, as 

it is with morphology. Methods that select 

among alignments using parsimony-based tree 

lengths, as implemented in MALIGN and 

POY, arrange the data such that they are 

consistent with a minimum-evolution model. 

When combining data sets in phylogenetic 

analyses, we are not trying to reinforce our 

earlier hypotheses about relationships, but 

rather to test them. The severity of this test is 

compromised when congruence with other 

characters is favored when selecting among 

alignment parameters. 

2006020053 

蚂蚁 (Formicidae) 形态和 DNA 分子数据 

的系统发育学 = Phylogeny of ants 

(Formicidae) based on morphology and DNA 

sequence data. ( 英文 ). Astruc C; Julien J F; 

Errarda C; Lenoir A. Molecular Phylogenetics 

and Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 880-893 

In order to reconstruct ants' phylogeny, we 

analysed DNA sequences for two nuclear 

genes, abdominal-A and Ultrabithorax, from 

49 species of ants and two outgroups. As these 

genes control the development of the first 

segments of the abdomen in insects, which are 

very variable in ants (petiole, postpetiole, and 

gaster constriction), we hypothesized that the 

morphological variations between the 

subfamilies may be correlated with mutations 

of some abd-A or Ubx regions. Contrarily to 

our hypothesis, these sequences are highly 

conserved. The differences observed concern 

mainly third codon positions and present some 

saturation. Phylogenetic reconstructions were 

carried out using the genetic raw sequence 

data and by combining them with a set of 

morphological data (Total Evidence). 

Relations among subfamilies of ants remains 

poorly resolved with molecular data only, but 

adding these data to morphological characters 

confirms and reinforce the topology of Baroni 

Urbani et al. (1992): a Poneroid complex 

[Ponerinae, Cerapachyinae, Leptanillinae and 

army ants], a Formicoid complex 

[Dolichoderinae, Formicinae] and a 

Myrmecoid complex [Myrmicinae, 

Myrmeciinae, 

Pseudomyrmecinae, 

Nothomyrmeciinae]. Our molecular results 

allow resolution near the branch tips and three 

subfamilies (Dolichoderinae, Formicinae and 

Pseudomyrmecinae) always appear as 

monophyletic. The Formicinae and the 

Dolichoderinae have close relationships. The 

Camponotini appear as a strong clade inside 

the Formicinae. The Ponerinae are separated 

in two parts: the Ectatommini and all other 

tribes. The Cerapachyinae, Dorylinae, and 

Ecitoninae belong to the same clade, the 

Cerapachyinae being confirmed in their 

subfamily status. The Myrmicinae appears to 

be very heterogeneous, with the Attini 

forming a very stable and well-separated 

group. 

2006020054 

用 trnC–trnD 基因间隔区分析 Panax 系统 

发育关系以及 trnC–trnD 在植物种间研究 

的利用 = Phylogeny of Panax using 

chloroplast trnC–trnD intergenic region and 

the utility of trnC–trnD in interspecific studies 

of plants. ( 英文 ). Lee C; Wen J. Molecular 

Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 

894-903 

Sequences of the chloroplast trnC–trnD 

region and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 

regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA were 

obtained for all species of Panax L. (the 

ginseng plant genus, Araliaceae) to 

reconstruct phylogenetic relationships. The 

trnC–trnD phylogeny is congruent with the 

ITS phylogeny for the diploid taxa of Panax. 

This study is the first use of the trnC–trnD 

sequence data for phylogenetic analysis at the 

interspecific level. We evaluated this DNA 

region for its phylogenetic utility at the lower 

taxonomic level for flowering plants. The 

trnC–trnD region includes the trnC–petN 

intergenic spacer, the petN gene, the petN– 

psbM intergenic spacer, the psbM gene, and 

17

the psbM–trnD intergenic spacer. The petN 

and psbM genes are small, 90 and 104–114 bp 

across angiosperms, respectively, and have 

conserved sequences. We have designed 

universal amplification and sequencing 

primers within these two genes. Using these 

primers, we have successfully amplified the 

entire trnC–trnD region for a diversity of 

flowering plant groups, including Aralia L. 

(Araliaceae), Calycanthus L. (Calycanthaceae), 

Corylus L. (Betulaceae), Hamamelis L. 

(Hamamelidaceae), Hydrocotyle L. (Apiaceae), 

Illigera Blume (Hernandiaceae), Nelumbo 

Adans. (Nelumbonaceae), Nolana L. ex L.f. 

(Solanaceae), Prunus L. (Rosaceae), and 

Staphylea L. (Staphyleaceae). In Panax, the 

trnC–trnD region provides a similar number 

of informative phylogenetic characters as the 

ITS regions and a slightly higher number of 

informative characters than the chloroplast 

ndhF gene. We thus demonstrate the utility of 

the trnC–trnD region for lower-level 

phylogenetic studies in flowering plants. 

2006020055 

Ponyfish (Perciformes:Leiognathidae) 分子 

系统发育关系和可能演化模式 = Molecular 

phylogeny and possible scenario of ponyfish 

(Perciformes:Leiognathidae) evolution. ( 英文 ). 

Ikejima K; Ishiguro N B; Wadaa M; Kita- 

Tsukamotoa K; Nishida M.. Molecular 


904-909 

The family Leiognathidae, commonly 

known as ponyfish or slip mouth, comprises 

three genera, each being characterized mainly 

by mouth morphology. To date, however, 

neither the phylogenetic relationships within 

the family nor monophyly of the genera has 

been tested. The phylogenetic relationships 

among 14 species of Leiognathidae, inferred 

from two protein coding mitochondrial genes 

(ND4 and 5), indicated monophyly of the 

studied species form genera Gazza and 

Secutor, and paraphyly of the genus 

Leiognathus, with L. equulus occupying a 

basal branch of the family. The relationships 

allowed phylogenetic analyses of mouthpart 

structures and light organ systems. The results 

suggested that the morphology of the 

upwardly and forwardly protractile mouth 

types (latter with canine-like teeth) are 

phylogenetically informative, and the 

downwardly protractile mouth type being 

ancestral in the family. The results also 

suggested that internal sexual dimorphism of 

the light organ system was present in the 

common ancestor of a sister clade to L. 

equulus, whereas external sexual dimorphism 

seems to have evolved subsequently in two 

monophyletic subgroups. 

2006020056 

Polytrichales (Bryophyta) 系统发育关系基 

于分子和形态数据的整合分析 = Phylogeny 

of the Polytrichales (Bryophyta) based on 

simultaneous analysis of molecular and 

morphological data. ( 英文 ). Hyvönen J 

Koskinen S; Merrill G L S; Hedderson T A; 

Stenroos S. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 915-928 

Phylogenetic analyses of Polytrichales were 

conducted using morphology and sequence 

data from the chloroplast genes rbcL and rps4 

plus the trnL-F gene region, part of the 

mitochondrial nad5 and the nuclear-encoded 

18S rDNA. Our analyses included 46 species 

representing all genera of Polytrichales. 

Phylogenetic trees were constructed with 

simultaneous parsimony analyses of all 

sequences plus morphology and separate 

combinations of sequence data only. Results 

lend support for recognition of Polytrichales 

as a monophyletic entity. Oedipodium 

griffithianum appears as a sister taxon to 

Polytrichales or as a sister taxon of all mosses 

excluding Sphagnales and Andreaeles. Within 

Polytrichales, Alophosia and Atrichopsis, 

species without the adaxial lamellae (in 

Atrichopsis present but poorly developed on 

male gametophyte) otherwise typical of the 

group are sister to the remaining species 

followed by a clade including Bartramiopsis 

and Lyellia, species with adaxial lamellae 

covering only the central portion of the leaves. 

Six taxa with an exclusively Southern 

Hemisphere distribution form a grade between 

the basal lineages and a clade including genera 

that are mostly confined to the Northern 

Hemisphere. 

2006020057 

线粒体基因和形态学特征分析角蜥 

(Phrynosoma) 系统发育关系 : 对不同方法 

所得结论间差异的理解 = Horned lizard 

(Phrynosoma) phylogeny inferred from 

mitochondrial genes and morphological 

characters: understanding conflicts using 

multiple approaches. ( 英文 ). Hodges W L; 

Zamudiob K R. Historical Biology, 2004, 

31(3): 961-971 

The genus Phrynosoma includes 13 species 

of North American lizards characterized by 

18

unique and highly derived morphologies and 

ecologies. Understanding interspecific 

relationships within this genus is essential for 

testing hypotheses about character evolution 

in this group. We analyzed mitochondrial 

ND4 and cytochrome b gene sequence data 

from all species of Phrynosoma in conjunction 

with a previously published dataset including 

12S and 16S rRNA gene sequences and 

morphological characters. We used multiple 

phylogenetic methods and diagnostic tests for 

data combinability and taxonomic congruence 

to investigate the data in separate and 

combined analyses. Separate data partitions 

resulted in several well-supported lineages, 

but taxonomic congruence was lacking 

between topologies from separate and 

combined analyses. Partitioned Bremer 

support analyses also reveals conflict between 

data partitions in certain tree regions. When 

taxa associated with well-supported clades 

were removed from analyses, phylogenetic 

signal was lost. Combined, our results initially 

suggest conflict between data partitions, but 

further tests show the data are only 

appropriate for phylogenetic reconstruction of 

those parts of the topology that were well 

resolved. Nonetheless, our data analyses 

reveal five well-supported clades: (1) 

Phrynosoma ditmarsi and Phrynosoma 

hernandesi, (2) P. ditmarsi, P. hernandesi, 

and Phrynosoma douglasii, (3) P. ditmarsi, P. 

hernandesi, P. douglasii, and Phrynosoma 

orbiculare, (4) Phrynosoma mcallii and 

Phrynosoma platyrhinos, and (5) Phrynosoma 

braconnieri and Phrynosoma taurus 

2006020058 

细胞核新内含子分析海龟的系统发育学 = 

Turtle phylogeny: insights from a novel 

nuclear intron. ( 英文 ). Fujita M K; Engstrom 

T N; Starkeya D E; Shaffer H B. Molecular 


1031-1040 

Introns have gained considerable popularity 

as markers for molecular phylogenetics. 

However, no primers exist for a nuclear intron 

that amplifies across all turtles. Available data 

from morphology and mitochondrial DNA 

have not unambiguously resolved 

relationships within the superfamily 

Trionychoidea and the family Chelidae, which 

together form a large portion of extant turtle 

diversity. We tested the phylogenetic utility of 

a novel intron from the RNA fingerprint 

protein 35 (R35) as applied to these two areas 

of turtle systematics. We found the intron to 

be a single-copy locus that provides excellent 

resolving power for lineages among turtles, 

though problems with alignment made it 

impossible to infer deeper amniote 

relationships. Maximum parsimony and 

maximum likelihood both demonstrated the 

polyphyly of Trionychoidea and the reciprocal 

monophyly of Australian/New Guinea and 

South American chelid turtles. This is the first 

study to resolve such relationships with strong 

statistical support, and we suggest that R35 

holds great promise for resolving additional 

persistent problems in the phylogeny of living 

turtles. 

2006020059 

Polygrammoid 蕨类 (Polypodiaceae and 

Grammitidaceae) 系统发育学分析 : 对附 

生植物多样化的探讨 = Unraveling the 

phylogeny of polygrammoid ferns 

(Polypodiaceae and Grammitidaceae): 

exploring aspects of the diversification of 

epiphytic plants. ( 英文 ). Schneider H; Smith 

A R; Cranfill R; Hildebrandc T J; Hauflerc C 

H; Ranker T A. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 1041-1063 

We explore the phylogeny of the 

polygrammoid ferns using nucleotide 

sequences derived from three plastid loci for 

each of 98 selected species. Our analyses 

recovered four major monophyletic lineages: 

the loxogrammoids, two clades consisting of 

taxa restricted to the Old World, and a largely 

neotropical clade that also includes the 

pantropical Grammitidaceae. The 

loxogrammoid lineage diverges first and is 

sister to a large clade comprising the three 

remaining species-rich lineages. One 

paleotropical clade includes the drynarioid and 

selligueoid ferns, whereas the second 

paleotropical clade includes the platycerioids, 

lepisoroids, microsoroids, and their relatives. 

The grammitids nest within the neotropical 

clade, although the sister taxon of this circumtropic, 

epiphytic group remains ambiguous. 

Microsorum and Polypodium, as traditionally 

defined, were recovered as polyphyletic. The 

relatively short branch lengths of the deepest 

clades contrast with the long branch lengths 

leading to the terminal groups. This suggests 

that the polygrammoid ferns arose through an 

old, rapid radiation. Our analysis also reveals 

that the rate of substitution in the grammitids 

is remarkably higher relative to other 

polygrammoids. Disparities in substitution 

rate may be correlated with one or more 

features characterizing grammitids, including 

19

species richness, chlorophyllous spores, and 

an extended gametophytic phase. 

2006020060 

穴居鲶鱼间的协同演化 : 长枝吸引和贝叶 

斯相对速率检验 = Convergence among cave 

catfishes: long-branch attraction and a 

Bayesian relative rates test. ( 英文 ). Wilcox T 

P; García de León F L; Hendrickson D H; 

Hillis D M. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 31(3): 1101-1113 

Convergence has long been of interest to 

evolutionary biologists. Cave organisms 

appear to be ideal candidates for studying 

convergence in morphological, physiological, 

and developmental traits. Here we report 

apparent convergence in two cave-catfishes 

that were described on morphological grounds 

as congeners: Prietella phreatophila and 

Prietella lundbergi. We collected 

mitochondrial DNA sequence data from 10 

species of catfishes, representing five of the 

seven genera in Ictaluridae, as well as seven 

species from a broad range of siluriform 

outgroups. Analysis of the sequence data 

under parsimony supports a monophyletic 

Prietella. However, both maximum-likelihood 

and Bayesian analyses support polyphyly of 

the genus, with P. lundbergi sister to Ictalurus 

and P. phreatophila sister to Ameiurus. The 

topological difference between parsimony and 

the other methods appears to result from longbranch 

attraction between the Prietella species. 

Similarly, the sequence data do not support 

several other relationships within Ictaluridae 

supported by morphology. We develop a new 

Bayesian method for examining variation in 

molecular rates of evolution across a 

phylogeny. 

2006020061 

基于线粒体和等位酶核酸变异分析台湾 

Varicorhinus barbatulus( 鲤科 ) 系统地理 

学 = Phylogeography of Varicorhinus 

barbatulus (Cyprinidae) in Taiwan based on 

nucleotide variation of mtDNA and allozymes. 

( 英文 ). Wang J P; Lin H D; Huang S; Pan C; 

Chen X L; Chiang T Y. Molecular 


1143-1156 

The phylogeographical patterns and 

population genetic structures of Varicorhinus 

barbatulus in Taiwan were investigated based 

on genetic diversity of 34 allozyme loci and 

nucleotide sequences of 3 ′ end of the 

cytochrome b gene, tRNA genes, D-loop 

control region, and the 5 ′ end of the 12S rRNA 

of mtDNA. Allozyme and mtDNA analyses 

revealing evident geographical structuring 

suggest limited gene flow between 

populations (F ST =0.511 and 0.791, 

respectively). Low genetic variability within 

populations (P=5.56%; He=0.018) based on 

allozymes and significantly negative Tajima’s 

D statistics based on mtDNA suggest that 

most populations in Taiwan may have 

originated from a small number of founders 

followed by demographic expansion. The 

gene genealogy of mtDNA identified six 

lineages corresponding to major drainages that 

were separated by the geological barriers due 

to vicariant events. A minimum spanning 

network based on nucleotide substitutions 

reflects divergence from populations of the 

Miao-li Plateau to northern and southern 

regions of the island. In contrast to a previous 

hypothesis that suggests an early invasion to 

eastern part of Taiwan prior to the lifting of 

central mountain range some one million 

years ago, the mtDNA genealogy and 

molecular dating reveal very recent 

colonization of the eastern population. Nested 

clade analyses revealing significant 

associations between genetic structure and 

geographical division identify past 

fragmentation and range expansion as major 

phylogeographical events that shaped the 

geographical distribution of this species in 

Taiwan. 

2006020062 

根据线粒体和细胞核 DNA 数据分析一东南 

亚热带蝴蝶属的成种模式 = Tempo of 

speciation in a butterfly genus from the 

Southeast Asian tropics, inferred from 

mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. 

( 英文 ). Megens H J; van Moorsel C H M; Piel 

W H; Pierce N E; de Jong R. Molecular 


1181-1196 

Molecular systematics is frequently beset 

with phylogenetic results that are not fully 

resolved. Researchers either state that the 

absence of resolution is due to character 

conflict, explosive speciation, or some 

combination of the two, but seldom do they 

carefully examine their data to distinguish 

between these causes. In this study, we 

exhaustively analyze a set of nuclear and 

mitochondrial nucleotide data for the Asian 

tropical butterfly genus Arhopala so as to 

highlight the causes of polytomies in the 

phylogenetic trees, and, as a result, to infer 

20

important biological events in the history of 

this genus. We began by using non-parametric 

statistical methods to determine whether the 

ambiguously resolved regions in these trees 

represent hard or soft polytomies. In addition 

we determined how this correlated to number 

of inferred changes on branches, using 

parametric maximum likelihood estimations. 

Based on congruent patterns in both 

mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences, 

we concluded that at two stages in the history 

of Arhopala there have been accelerated 

instances of speciation. One event, at the base 

of the phylogeny, generated many of the 

groups and subgroups currently recognized in 

this genus, while a later event generated 

another major clade consisting of both 

Oriental and Papuan species groups. Based on 

comparisons of closely related taxa, the ratio 

of instantaneous rate of evolution between 

mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evolution is 

established at approximately 3:1. The earliest 

radiation is dated between 7 and 11 Ma by a 

molecular clock analysis, setting the events 

generating much of the diversity of Arhopala 

at well before the Pleistocene. Periodical 

flooding of the Sunda plateau during 

interglacial periods was, therefore, not 

responsible for generating the major divisions 

in the genus Arhopala. Instead, we 

hypothesize that large-scale climatic changes 

taking place in the Miocene have induced the 

early acceleration in speciation. 

2006020063 

新西兰 Bangia 植物系统发育关系表明 

Porphyra and Bangia (Bangiales, 

Rhodophyta) 为南部起源 = Phylogeny of the 

Bangia flora of New Zealand suggests a 

southern origin for Porphyra and Bangia 

(Bangiales, Rhodophyta). ( 英文 ). Broom J E S; 

Farr T J; Nelson W A. Molecular 


1197-1207 

Analysis of nuclear small subunit ribosomal 

RNA gene (18S rDNA) sequence data from 

123 samples of the red algal genus Bangia 

from mainland New Zealand has revealed 

diversity exceeding that reported for the genus 

from any other region in the world. Our study 

resolves two New Zealand Bangia taxa basal 

to the order Bangiales, and five clades of 

Bangia, four of which include New Zealand 

members. The basal taxa are separated from 

each other by 139 bp and differ from all other 

Bangia taxa in the New Zealand region by 

103–163 bp over approximately 1750 bp 18S 

rDNA sequence data. Our results reveal a 

Bangia flora of previously unsuspected 

richness, and show that the simple 

morphology of these organisms obscures 

significant levels of genetic diversity. The 

presence of high diversity and retention of 

basal taxa in New Zealand Bangia raises the 

prospect that the southern hemisphere, and 

particularly eastern Gondwana, is not only a 

centre of diversity, but a centre of origin for 

the modern Bangiales. 

2006020064 

半索动物黄殖翼柱头虫 (Ptychodera 

flava)Hox 和 Parahox 基因的分离及后口 

动物 Hox 基因的演化 = Isolation of Hox and 

Parahox genes in the hemichordate Ptychodera 

flava and the evolution of deuterostome Hox 

genes. ( 英文 ). Peterson K J. Molecular 


1208-1215 

Because of their importance for proper 

development of the bilaterian embryo, Hox 

genes have taken center stage for 

investigations into the evolution of bilaterian 

metazoans. Taxonomic surveys of major 

protostome taxa have shown that Hox genes 

are also excellent phylogenetic markers, as 

specific Hox genes are restricted to one of the 

two great protostome clades, the 

Lophotrochozoa or the Ecdysozoa, and thus 

support the phylogenetic relationships as 

originally deduced by 18S rDNA studies. 

Deuterostomes are the third major group of 

bilaterians and consist of three major phyla, 

the echinoderms, the hemichordates, and the 

chordates. Most morphological studies have 

supported Hemichordata + Chordata, whereas 

molecular studies support 

Echinodermata + Hemichordata, a clade 

known as Ambulacraria. To test these 

competing hypotheses, complete or near 

complete cDNAs of eight Hox genes and four 

Parahox genes were isolated from the 

enteropneust hemichordate Ptychodera flava. 

Only one copy of each Hox gene was isolated 

suggesting that the Hox genes of P. flava are 

arranged in a single cluster. Of particular 

importance is the isolation of three posterior 

or Abd-B Hox genes; these genes are only 

shared with echinoderms, and thus support the 

monophyly of Ambulacraria. 

2006020065 

线粒体和微卫星数据分析 bimaculatus 进化 

分化 = Evolutionary differentiation of 

bimaculatus group anoles based on analyses of 

21

mtDNA and microsatellite data. ( 英文 ). 

Stenson A G; Thorpe R S; Malhotra A. 

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2004, 

32(1): 1-10 

The bimaculatus group of anoles inhabit the 

northern Lesser Antilles, as far south as 

Dominica. This study uses 1005 base pairs (bp) 

of mitochondrial DNA sequence data from 

two genes, cytochrome b (521 bp) and 

cytochrome oxidase subunit I (484 bp) to 

reconstruct phylogenetic relationships 

between species and populations of anoles 

from all islands banks. Allele frequency data 

from nuclear microsatellite loci are also 

analysed to assess their utility in uncovering 

historical relationships and provide 

independent corroboration for the mtDNA tree. 

Although the number of microsatellite loci 

used (six) was relatively small, some essential 

elements of the mitochondrial DNA 

phylogeny were recovered successfully. 

Anoles from Terre de Haut, Les Saintes, 

previously described as a subspecies of Anolis 

marmoratus, are shown to be more closely 

related to A. oculatus and their elevation to a 

full species, A. terraealtae, is supported. An 

island colonisation sequence inferred from the 

phylogeny shows a general pattern of North-to 

South colonisation. However, the Saban anole, 

A. sabanus, is shown to be derived from A. 

marmoratus populations from western Basse 

Terre following a longer-range, south to north 

translocation. 

2006020066 

新世界亚鸣禽鸟类分子系统学 = Molecular 

systematics of New World suboscine birds. 

( 英文 ). Chesser R T. Molecular Phylogenetics 

and Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 11-24 

Phylogenetic relationships among New 

World suboscine birds were studied using 

nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. 

New World suboscines were shown to 

constitute two distinct lineages, one 

apparently consisting of the single species 

Sapayoa aenigma, the other made up of the 

remaining 1000+ species of New World 

suboscines. With the exception of Sapayoa, 

monophyly of New World suboscines was 

strongly corroborated, and monophyly within 

New World suboscines of a tyrannoid clade 

and a furnarioid clade was likewise strongly 

supported. Relationships among families and 

subfamilies within these clades, however, 

differed in several respects from current 

classifications of suboscines. Noteworthy 

results included: (1) monophyly of the tyrantflycatchers 

(traditional family Tyrannidae), 

but only if the tityrines (see below) are 

excluded; (2) monophyly of the 

pipromorphine flycatchers (Pipromorphinae 

of Sibley and Ahlquist, 1990) as one of two 

primary divisions of a monophyletic restricted 

Tyrannidae; (3) monophyly of the tityrines, 

consisting of the genus Tityra plus all sampled 

species of the Schiffornis group (Prum and 

Lanyon, 1989), as sister group to the manakins 

(traditional family Pipridae); (4) paraphyly of 

the ovenbirds (traditional family Furnariidae), 

if woodcreepers (traditional family 

Dendrocolaptidae) are excluded; and (5) 

polyphyly of the antbirds (traditional family 

Formicariidae) and paraphyly of the ground 

antbirds (Formicariidae sensu stricto). Genus 

Melanopareia (the crescent-chests), although 

clearly furnarioid, was found to be distant 

from other furnarioids and of uncertain 

affinities within the Furnarii. Likewise, the 

species Oxyruncus cristatus (the Sharpbill), 

although clearly tyrannoid, was distantly 

related to other tyrannoids and of uncertain 

affinities within the Tyranni. Results of this 

study provide support for some of the more 

novel features of the suboscine phylogeny of 

Sibley and Ahlquist, 1985 and Sibley and 

Ahlquist, 1990, but also reveal key differences, 

especially regarding relationships among 

suboscine families and subfamilies. The 

results of this study have potentially important 

implications for the reconstruction of 

character evolution in the suboscines, 

especially because the behavioral evolution of 

many suboscine groups (e.g., Furnariidae) is 

of great interest. 

2006020067 

利用大亚基和小亚基细胞核 rRNA 序列分 

析软体动物系统发育关系 = Investigation of 

molluscan phylogeny using large-subunit and 

small-subunit nuclear rRNA sequences. ( 英 

文 ). Passamaneck Y J; Schander C; Halanych 

K M. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 25-38 

The Mollusca represent one of the most 

morphologically diverse animal phyla, 

prompting a variety of hypotheses on 

relationships between the major lineages 

within the phylum based upon morphological, 

developmental, and paleontological data. 

Analyses of small-ribosomal RNA (SSU 

rRNA) gene sequence have provided limited 

resolution of higher-level relationships within 

the Mollusca. Recent analyses suggest largesubunit 

(LSU) rRNA gene sequences are 

22

useful in resolving deep-level metazoan 

relationships, particularly when combined 

with SSU sequence. To this end, LSU (3.5 kb 

in length) and SSU (2 kb) sequences were 

collected for 33 taxa representing the major 

lineages within the Mollusca to improve 

resolution of intraphyletic relationships. 

Although the LSU and combined LSU + SSU 

datasets appear to hold potential for resolving 

branching order within the recognized 

molluscan classes, low bootstrap support was 

found for relationships between the major 

lineages within the Mollusca. LSU + SSU 

sequences also showed significant levels of 

rate heterogeneity between molluscan lineages. 

The Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, and 

Cephalopoda were each recovered as 

monophyletic clades with the LSU + SSU 

dataset. While the Bivalvia were not recovered 

as monophyletic clade in analyses of the SSU, 

LSU, or LSU + SSU, the Shimodaira– 

Hasegawa test showed that likelihood scores 

for these results did not differ significantly 

from topologies where the Bivalvia were 

monophyletic. Analyses of LSU sequences 

strongly contradict the widely accepted 

Diasoma hypotheses that bivalves and 

scaphopods are closely related to one another. 

The data are consistent with recent 

morphological and SSU analyses suggesting 

scaphopods are more closely related to 

gastropods and cephalopods than to bivalves. 

The dataset also presents the first published 

DNA sequences from a neomeniomorph 

aplacophoran, a group considered critical to 

our understanding of the origin and early 

radiation of the Mollusca. 

2006020068 

利用细胞核和叶绿体 DNA 序列数据分析 

Clerodendrum ( 唇形科 ) 和其他 Ajugoid 属 

间系统发育关系 = Phylogenetic relationships 

between Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae) and other 

Ajugoid genera inferred from nuclear and 

chloroplast DNA sequence data. ( 英文 ). 

Steane D A; de Kok R P J; Olmstead R G. 


32(1): 39-45 

Over the last two centuries the 

circumscription of the large, pan-tropical 

genus Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae) has 

changed frequently, as different authorities 

have added or removed taxa on the basis of 

various morphological characters. With the 

development of molecular methods for 

systematic research the process of 

circumscribing taxa has become increasingly 

analytical. When morphology signals the 

possibility that taxa are closely related, 

molecular methods can be used to test the 

hypothesis objectively. Aegiphila, Amasonia, 

Huxleya, and Kalaharia are similar 

morphologically to Clerodendrum. In this 

paper we use nuclear ribosomal ITS and 

chloroplast ndhF sequence data to clarify the 

positions of these four genera relative to 

Clerodendrum. We show that the Australian 

monotypic genus Huxleya evolved from 

within Clerodendrum. Accordingly, we sink 

Huxleya into Clerodendrum and make a new 

combination, Clerodendrum linifolium. 

2006020069 

成地衣属 Porpidia 和相关种 

(Porpidiaceae, Ascomycota) 之间的进化 

关系 = Resolving evolutionary relationships 

in the lichen-forming genus Porpidia and 

related allies (Porpidiaceae, Ascomycota). ( 英 

文 ). Buschbom J; Mueller G. Molecular 

Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 66- 

82 

The lichen-forming genus Porpidia 

(Porpidiaceae, Ascomycota) provides 

excellent opportunities for evolutionary, 

reproductive, and ecological studies of 

crustose epilithic lichen symbioses. However, 

despite the fact that the genus itself seemed to 

be clearly delimited, the group was thought to 

be a hopeless case with regard to intrageneric 

relationships and species delimitations due to 

apparently rampant homoplasy throughout 

most character systems. Contrary to the 

situation for non-molecular data, a robust and 

generally well-resolved phylogeny was 

recovered based on DNA-sequence data. 

Separate and combined analyses of nuclear 

ribosomal RNA large subunit and nuclear β- 

tubulin gene fragments were performed using 

maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, 

and Bayesian approaches. Branch support was 

estimated using non-parametic bootstrapping 

and posterior probabilities, while monophyly 

of a priori defined groups was tested using 

posterior probabilities. The results reveal a 

highly supported "Porpidia sensu lato," 

however, Porpidia itself is not monophyletic. 

Several smaller genera of the Porpidiaceae 

and probably the large genus Lecidea 

(Lecideaceae) are nested within the group. 

Most taxa analyzed fall into one of four major 

subgroups within Porpidia s.l., though the 

basal relationships among these subgroups 

could not be supported. This phylogeny will 

make it possible to re-evaluate morphological 

23

and chemical characters in the group, and to 

conduct detailed studies of species 

delimitations within the monophyletic 

subgroups. 

2006020070 

四个线粒体基因区域的系统发育学分析表 

明亚洲 pitvipers (Trimeresurus 和 Ovophis) 

需进行分类修正 = A phylogeny of four 

mitochondrial gene regions suggests a revised 

taxonomy for Asian pitvipers (Trimeresurus 

and Ovophis). ( 英文 ). Malhotra A; Thorpe R 

S. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 83-100 

We present a phylogeny of the Asian 

pitvipers, based on 2403 bp of four 

mitochondrial gene regions. All but six known 

species of Trimeresurus sensu stricto (s.s.) as 

currently defined, as well as multiple 

populations of widespread species, which may 

yet be described as full species, and 

representatives of all other Asian pitviper 

genera, are included. Both the greater 

sampling and larger dataset provide improved 

resolution over previous studies and support 

the existence of distinct species groups within 

Trimeresurus s.s. Although all but two species 

currently referred to this genus form a 

monophyletic group, morphological and 

molecular analyses identify four subgroups 

that warrant recognition at the generic level. 

We propose a new generic arrangement to 

reflect these findings. We also highlight the 

non-monophyly of Ovophis, and propose a 

new genus to accommodate a species formerly 

assigned to Ovophis. 

2006020071 

隼科 ( 鸟类 ) 系统发育学 : 形态、线粒体 

和细胞核数据分析效果的比较 = Phylogeny 

of the Falconidae (Aves): a comparison of the 

efficacy of morphological, mitochondrial, and 

nuclear data. ( 英文 ). Griffiths C S; 

Barrowclough G F B; Groth J G; Mertz L.. 


32(1): 101-109 

We sequenced 2800+ bp of the RAG-1 exon 

for representatives of all the currently 

recognized genera in the avian family 

Falconidae. A phylogenetic analysis of these 

data was compared to prior analyses of 

mitochondrial (cytochrome-b) and 

morphological (syringeal) data. The nuclear 

RAG-1 sequences produced results that were 

in agreement with the morphological results, 

but differed from the mitochondrial results 

with regard to monophyly of the genus 

Micrastur. A reanalysis of the cytochrome-b 

(cyt-b) data suggested that this result was due 

to heterogeneity in base composition. 

Comparisons of data quality and quantity 

across the three data sets indicate that the 

nuclear DNA sequences and the 

morphological data have similar consistency 

and retention indices as well as noise 

distributions that are superior to those of cyt-b. 

However, the RAG-1 data identify more nodes 

with high bootstrap support indices than do 

either morphology or mitochondrial sequences. 

In the final assessment, RAG-1 sequences 

were superior in phylogenetic utility both to 

syringeal morphology (because of sheer 

number of characters) and to cyt-b sequences 

(because of reduced noise and homogeneity of 

base composition, but in spite of having many 

fewer characters). 

2006020072 

Allodapine 蜂 Braunsapis 属分子系统发育 

学 :A-T 偏爱和不一致性替代参数 = 

Molecular phylogenetics of the allodapine bee 

genus Braunsapis: A–T bias and 

heterogeneous substitution parameters. ( 英文 ). 

Schwarz M P; Tierney S M; Cooper S J B; 

Bull N J.. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 110-122 

Extreme AT bias in Hymenopteran 

mitochondrial genes have created difficulties 

for molecular phylogenetic analyses, 

especially for older divergences where 

multiple substitutions can erode signal. 

Heterogeneity in the evolutionary rates of 

different codon positions and different genes 

also appears to have been a major problem in 

resolving ancient divergences in allodapine 

bees. Here we examine the phylogeny of 

relatively recent divergences in the allodapine 

bee genus Braunsapis. We examined 

heterogeneity in nucleotide substitution 

parameters for one nuclear gene and codon 

positions in two mitochondrial genes, 

exploring various phylogenetic analyses for 

recovering relationships among species from 

Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, and 

Australia. We explored maximum parsimony, 

maximum likelihood, Log determinant and 

Bayesian analyses. Broad topological features 

of best fit trees tended to be similar for 

equivalent data sets (e.g., total, or with 3rd mt 

positions excluded), regardless of the analytic 

method used (e.g., maximum likelihood or 

Bayesian). Analyses that used the total data 

set without modelling partitions separately 

24

gave unlikely results, indicating that the 

Malagasy species was most closely related to 

Australian species. However, analyses that 

excluded 3rd mitochondrial positions, or 

modelled partitions separately, suggested that 

the Malagasy species falls within the African 

clade. The unlikely topologies apparently 

result from long branch attraction, and this 

problem is ameliorated where modelling 

allows more realistic estimates of base 

composition and evolutionary rates for 3rd 

mitochondrial positions. However, we found 

that even when codon positions are modelled 

separately, estimated evolutionary rates for 

3rd mitochondrial positions are likely to 

underestimate true rates. Long branch 

attraction and multiple substitutions are likely 

to be much more difficult to circumvent in 

analyses that explore older, generic-level, 

divergences in allodapine bees where 

overwriting is expected to be much more 

extreme. Our results indicate an African origin 

for Braunsapis, followed by a single, very 

early, dispersal event into Asia and then by a 

later dispersal event into Australia. The 

Malagasy species is derived from within the 

African clade. 

2006020073 

Lotus( 豆科 : 百脉根族 ) 地理起源和分类 

的分子系统发育学证据 = Molecular 

phylogenetic evidence for the geographic 

origin and classification of Canary Island 

Lotus (Fabaceae: Loteae). ( 英文 ). Allan G J; 

Francisco-Ortega J; Santos-Guerra A; Boerner 

E; Zimmer E A.. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 123-138 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of 

Macaronesian Lotus and related genera were 

conducted to assess their biogeographic 

history and taxonomy. Macaronesian Lotus, 

which are typically classified within one of 

two subgenera, Lotus subgenus Pedrosia or L. 

subg. Rhyncholotus, are diagnosed by the 

presence of a forked or toothed style and 

differences in corolla morphology. Maximum 

parsimony and Bayesian analyses of internal 

transcribed spacer sequences identify a wellsupported 

northwest African-Cape Verde 

Island clade that includes all members of 

Lotus subgenus Pedrosia + L. subg. 

Rhyncholotus. There is modest support for two 

independently nested clades containing the 

Canary Island species and two non-Canarian 

species, Lotus assakensis from Africa and 

Lotus azoricus endemic to the Azores. 

Biogeographic reconstruction based on a 

parsimony topology unequivocally identifies 

an African origin for the Canary Island group 

with subsequent back dispersal to the African 

continent and a single dispersal event to the 

Azores. A phylogeographic assessment of 

colonization and diversification patterns 

suggests that geographic isolation via 

interisland colonization of ecologically similar 

habitats is the primary mode of species 

diversification in Canary Island Lotus. 

2006020074 

松类蚜虫 (Cinara)( 昆虫纲 : 半翅目 : 

蚜虫科 ) 由寄主转换过程中的成种作用 = 

Speciation by host-switching in pinyon Cinara 

(Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae). ( 英文 ). 

Favret C; Voegtlin D. Molecular 


139-151 

Parasite–host cospeciation has received 

much attention as an important mechanism in 

the diversification of phytophagous insects. 

However, studies have shown that for certain 

taxa, it is not host fidelity but host-switching 

that plays the critical role in speciation. 

Cinara are aphids (Insecta: Hemiptera: 

Aphididae: Lachninae) that feed exclusively 

on the woody parts of conifers of the 

Cupressaceae and Pinaceae. They are unusual 

aphids because most Pinaceae play host to 

several species of Cinara. The aphids show 

relatively strong host fidelity, and as a 

consequence historically have been treated 

based on the taxonomy of their hosts. The 

historical paradigm of aphid evolution implies 

that Cinara species have radiated to different 

parts of the same host species and/or speciated 

with their host. Using mitochondrial 

cytochrome oxidase 1 and nuclear elongation 

factor 1-α DNA sequences, we performed 

molecular phylogenetic analysis of Cinara 

species, concentrating on those associated 

with pinyon pines in the southwestern USA. 

We determined that switching hosts has 

played a key role in the speciation of the 

genus, reflected in the polyphyly of pinyonfeeding 

Cinara. Furthermore, species sharing 

a common feeding site on different hosts were 

more closely related to each other than to 

those sharing the same host but at different 

feeding sites, suggesting that feeding site 

fidelity plays a more important role in 

speciation than does host fidelity in general. 

This study also elucidated the primary 

taxonomy of various species: it suggested that 

Cinara rustica Hottes is a junior synonym of 

C. edulis (Wilson) and that C. wahtolca Hottes 

25

epresents two species on the two different 

pinyon pine species, Pinus edulis Englem. and 

P. monophylla Torr. & Frem. 

2006020075 

海龟 Geoemydidae 科系统发育学 = 

Phylogenetic hypotheses for the turtle family 

Geoemydidae. ( 英文 ). Spinks P Q; Shaffer H 

B; Iverson J B; McCord W P. Molecular 


164-182 

The turtle family Geoemydidae represents 

the largest, most diverse, and most poorly 

understood family of turtles. Little is known 

about this group, including intrafamilial 

systematics. The only complete phylogenetic 

hypothesis for this family positions 

geoemydids as paraphyletic with respect to 

tortoises, but this arrangement has not been 

accepted by many workers. We compiled a 

79-taxon mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data 

set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships 

for 65 species and subspecies representing all 

23 genera of the Geoemydidae. Maximum 

parsimony (MP) and maximum-likelihood 

(ML) analyses and Bayesian analysis 

produced similar, well-resolved trees. Our 

analyses identified three main clades 

comprising the tortoises (Testudinidae), the 

old-world Geoemydidae, and the South 

American geoemydid genus Rhinoclemmys. 

Within Geoemydidae, many nodes were 

strongly supported, particularly based on 

Bayesian posterior probabilities of the 

combined three-gene dataset. We found that 

adding data for a subset of taxa improved 

resolution of some deeper nodes in the tree. 

Several strongly supported groupings within 

the Geoemydidae demonstrate nonmonophyly 

of some genera and possible 

interspecific hybrids, and we recommend 

several taxonomic revisions based on 

available evidence. 

2006020076 

不一致的婆婆纳族 ( 车前草科 ) 系统发育 

关系研究 : 来自两个质体和一个细胞核核 

糖体 DNA 区域的证据 = Incongruence in 

Veroniceae (Plantaginaceae): evidence from 

two plastid and a nuclear ribosomal DNA 

region. ( 英文 ). Albach D C; Chase M W. 


32(1): 183-197 

Nucleotide data from nuclear ribosomal and 

plastid DNA did not agree on all relationships 

within Veroniceae (Plantaginaceae) in 

previous analyses. We present here additional 

data from a second plastid DNA marker, the 

rps16 intron, and evaluate incongruence 

between the ribosomal and plastid DNA 

matrices. Based on these evaluations and 

analysis of secondary structure in ITS, we 

conclude that there is a biological cause for 

incongruence among the genera of Veroniceae. 

The sequence data imply a history of 

hybridization and polyploidization, in which 

ancestors of Wulfeniopsis and 

Veronica + Paederota gave rise to Picrorhiza 

and ancestors of Wulfeniopsis and Wulfenia 

gave rise to Veronicastrum. 

2006020077 

棕蚁 Formica rufa (Hymenoptera, 

Formicidae) 新近成种作用 : 来自线粒体 

DNA 系统发育学的研究 = Recent speciation 

in the Formica rufa group ants (Hymenoptera, 

Formicidae): inference from mitochondrial 

DNA phylogeny. ( 英文 ). Goropashnaya A V; 

Fedorov V B; Pamilo P.. Molecular 


198-206 

This study examines phylogenetic 

relationships among six species of the 

Formica rufa group ants (F. polyctena, F. rufa, 

F. lugubris, F. paralugubris, F. aquilonia, and 

F. pratensis). The phylogeny based on a 

2051 bp fragment of mtDNA including cyt b, 

tRNA Ser , and ND1 genes supports the division 

of the group into three major clusters: one 

with the species F. polyctena and F. rufa, one 

with F. aquilonia, F. lugubris, and F. 

paralugubris, and the third one with F. 

pratensis. The interspecific divergence 

estimates (mean 0.98 ± 0.15% for the main 

phylogenetic groups) imply that radiation took 

place during the Pleistocene. Comparison of 

the divergence estimates among the F. rufa 

group species with divergence estimates 

among other closely related species of insects 

suggests that speciation in the group was 

relatively fast, and the mitochondrial lineages 

of F. polyctena and F. rufa have not fully 

separated. The haplotype tree shows also signs 

of transfer of mtDNA between species 

through hybridisation. The distribution of 

polygyny (multiple queens per nest) along the 

branches of the tree indicates that the social 

type characterised by highly polygynous 

societies and large colonial networks, has 

originated at least three times. The species F. 

aquilonia and F. paralugubris that build such 

large supercolonies, cluster tightly together 

with very little nucleotide variation, 

suggesting that this type of social organisation 

26

could be a factor promoting speciation in the 

ants. 

2006020078 

Naso 属 (Acanthuridae) 谱系多样化模式 = 

Patterns of lineage diversification in the genus 

Naso (Acanthuridae). ( 英文 ). Klanten S O; 

van Herwerden L; Choat J H; Blair D.. 


32(1): 221-235 

The evolutionary history of the reef fish 

genus Naso (F. Acanthuridae) was examined 

using a complete species-level molecular 

phylogeny of all recognized (19) species 

based on three loci (one nuclear ETS2 and two 

mitochondrial 16S, cyt b). This study 

demonstrates that distinct foraging modes and 

specialized body shapes arose independently 

at different times in the evolutionary history of 

the genus. Members of the subgenus Axinurus, 

characterized by a scombriform morphology, 

caudal fin structure and pelagic foraging mode, 

were consistently placed basal to the 

remaining Naso species, suggesting that 

pelagic foraging is plesiomorphic and benthic 

foraging derived in this genus. We used a 

genus-level phylogeny (nuclear marker, 

ETS2), which included several taxa from all 

other acanthurid genera, to obtain a range of 

age estimates for the most recent common 

ancestor of the genus Naso. These age 

estimates (range of 52–43.3 MY) were then 

used to estimate divergence times (by 

nonparametric rate smoothing method) of the 

node giving rise to extant Naso species using 

the combined sequence data (from all loci). 

The reconstruction of the pattern of 

divergence of extant species indicates two 

sequences of events. The basal species 

characterized by pelagic foraging modes arose 

during the Eocene and Oligocene. Most of the 

remaining Naso species, including those 

characterized by benthic foraging, arose over a 

period of 20 MY during the Miocene. 

Diversification during this period was 

associated with major plate tectonic and 

glaciation events, resulting in changes in sea 

level, ocean temperature and productivity 

regimes. Regardless of the foraging mode 

exhibited, all species of Naso have a caudal 

propulsive unit similar to that observed in 

pelagic scombriform fishes, a legacy of the 

basal position of the subgenus Axinurus in the 

phylogeny of the genus. 

2006020079 

澳大利亚南部一海星种群的分支演化 : 同 

胞成种作用的证据 ? = Cladogenesis in a 

starfish species complex from southern 

Australia: evidence for vicariant speciation?. 

( 英文 ). Waters J M; O'Loughlin P K; Roy M 

S.. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 236-245 

DNA sequencing (cytochrome oxidase I; 82 

sequences; 25 locations) of a species complex 

of Australian six-rayed sea-stars (genus 

Patiriella) reveals four well-supported 

mtDNA clades, corresponding to P. oriens, P. 

occidens, P. medius, and P. gunnii. These 

clades have non-random geographic 

distributions along an east to west axis that are 

broadly consistent with the biogeographic 

provinces of southern Australia proposed by 

Bennett and Pope (1953). The taxa are deeply 

divergent (minimum 7.5%) and are estimated 

to have originated during the late Pliocene. By 

contrast, intra-clade divergences are small, 

typically less than 1.0%. Phylogenetic analysis 

of mtDNA provides strong support for the 

combined monophyly of multicoloured forms 

(P. oriens, P. occidens, and P. medius; 100% 

bootstrap support) and suggests that P. medius 

(central) and P. occidens (western) may be 

sister taxa (up to 76% bootstrap support). 

Maximum likelihood analysis of nuclear DNA 

sequences (actin; 1437 bp) yields an optimal 

tree largely consistent with mtDNA groupings, 

but with little bootstrap support. The 

biogeographic distribution of P. oriens 

(eastern) and P. occidens (western) is roughly 

consistent with a vicariant model involving 

allopatric divergence during glaciation. In 

addition, we propose that the Great Australian 

Bight may also have retained isolated 

populations during glacial periods, perhaps 

explaining the "central" distributions of P. 

gunnii and P. medius. 

2006020080 

陆生植物线粒体 nad1 基因中内含子的分 

布 : 系统发育和分子进化的意义 = 

Distribution of introns in the mitochondrial 

gene nad1 in land plants: phylogenetic and 

molecular evolutionary implications. ( 英文 ). 

Dombrovska O; Qiu Yin Long.. Molecular 


246-263 

Forty-six species of diverse land plants 

were investigated by sequencing for their 

intron content in the mitochondrial gene nad1. 

A total of seven introns, all belonging to group 

II, were found, and two were newly 

discovered in this study. All 13 liverworts 

27

examined contain no intron, the same 

condition as in green algae. Mosses and 

hornworts, however, share one intron by 

themselves and another one with vascular 

plants. These intron distribution patterns are 

consistent with the hypothesis that liverworts 

represent the basal-most land plants and that 

the two introns were gained in the common 

ancestor of mosses–hornworts–vascular plants 

after liverworts had diverged. Hornworts also 

possess a unique intron of their own. A fourth 

intron was found only in Equisetum L., 

Marattiaceae, Ophioglossum L., Osmunda L., 

Asplenium L., and Adiantum L., and was 

likely acquired in their common ancestor, 

which supports the monophyly of 

moniliformopses. Three introns that were 

previously characterized in angiosperms and a 

few pteridophytes are now all extended to 

lycopods, and were likely gained in the 

common ancestor of vascular plants. 

Phylogenetic analyses of the intron sequences 

recovered topologies mirroring those of the 

plants, suggesting that the introns have all 

been vertically inherited. All seven nad1 

group II introns show broad phylogenetic 

distribution patterns, with the narrowest being 

in moniliformopses and hornworts, lineages 

that date back to at least the Devonian (345 

million years ago) and Silurian (435 million 

years ago), respectively. Hence, these introns 

must have invaded the genes via ancient 

transpositional events during the early stage of 

land plant evolution. Potentially heavy RNA 

editing was observed in nad1 of Haplomitrium 

Dedecek, Takakia Hatt. & Inoue, hornworts, 

Isoetes L., Ophioglossum, and Asplenium. A 

new nomenclature is proposed for group II 

introns. 

2006020081 

Hamadryas baboons 起源的线粒体证据 = 

Mitochondrial evidence for the origin of 

hamadryas baboons. ( 英文 ). Wildman D E; 

Bergman T J; al-Aghbari A; Sterner K N; 

Newman T K; Phillips-Conroy J E; Jolly C J; 

Disotell T R.. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 287-296 

Baboons (Mammalia: Primates, Papio) are 

found primarily on the continent of Africa, but 

the range of hamadryas baboons (Papio 

hamadryas) extends to the Arabian Peninsula, 

and the origin of Arabian populations is 

unclear. To estimate the timing of the 

divergence between Arabian and African 

hamadryas populations we analyzed 

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 

individuals of Arabian and African origin, and 

from representatives of the other major 

baboon taxa. The oldest hamadryas 

mitochondrial lineages in the Arabian 

Peninsula form an ancient trichotomy with the 

two major African lineages. This suggests that 

Arabia was colonized by hamadryas very soon 

after the appearance of the distinctive 

hamadryas phenotype, both events perhaps 

coinciding with a mid-Pleistocene stage of dry 

climate and low sea-level. The most closely 

related Arabian and African mtDNA 

haplotypes coalesce at approximately 35 ka, 

suggesting that no gene flow between African 

and Arabian baboons has occurred since the 

end of the last ice age, when a land bridge at 

the southern sill of the Red Sea was 

submerged. The mitochondrial paraphyly of 

Ethiopian hamadryas and anubis (P. anubis) 

baboons suggests an extensive and complex 

history of sex-specific introgression. 

2006020082 

兰花蜂 (Hymenoptera: Apinae: Euglossini) 

系统发育学 :DNA 和形态产生相同演化模 

式 = Phylogeny of the orchid bees 

(Hymenoptera: Apinae: Euglossini): DNA and 

morphology yield equivalent patterns. ( 英文 ). 

Michel-Salzat A; Cameron S A; Oliveira M L.. 


32(1): 309-323 

Orchid bees (Euglossini) are spectacular 

long-tongued Neotropical bees important in 

the pollination of Neotropical long-corolla 

flowers, particularly some orchids. Besides 

remarkably long tongues, males in particular 

exhibit other flower-related adaptations, 

including setal brushes on the foretarsi used 

for rasping the petals of orchids while 

collecting aromatic compounds. These 

compounds are stored in large swollen tibiae 

and are thought to play an important role in 

courtship behavior. Euglossini are also 

unusual in lacking sociality; they are the only 

tribe among the corbiculate bees that are not 

eusocial, and two of the genera are 

cleptoparasitic. Each genus exhibits distinct 

behavioral traits including nest architecture 

and host–parasite interactions, yet their 

evolution is unknown. Despite previous 

phylogenetic studies of on morphological 

characters, the relationships among the five 

euglossine genera remain under debate. We 

investigate euglossine generic relationships 

using DNA sequence data from four genes and 

new morphological characters. The 

morphological and molecular data yield 

28

congruent evolutionary patterns, and 

combining the data gives a fully resolved and 

well supported phylogeny of Euglossini. 

2006020083 

穴柯氏鱼种群 (Gobiidae, Teleostei) 中的古 

气候历史和同胞成种作用研究 = 

Paleoclimatic history and vicariant speciation 

in the "sand goby" group (Gobiidae, Teleostei). 

( 英文 ). Huyse T; Houdt J V H; Volckaert F A 

M.. Molecular Phylogenetics and 

Evolution, 2004, 32(1): 324-336 

Vicariant and climatic cycling speciation 

hypotheses of the ‘sand gobies’ belonging to 

the genera Pomatoschistus, Gobiusculus, 

Knipowitschia, and Economidichthys are 

tested using molecular phylogenies 

constructed of nuclear DNA (ITS1 locus) and 

mitochondrial DNA (12S and 16S fragments). 

These gobies are among the most abundant in 

the Eastern Atlantic-Mediterranean region, 

and play an important role in the ecosystem. 

Considerable ITS1 length differences, 

primarily due to the presence of several 

tandem repeats, were found between species 

and even within individuals. Therefore, 

phylogenetic analyses focused on fragments of 

the 12S and 16S mtDNA region that have 

been sequenced for 16 goby taxa. The ‘sand 

gobies’ clustered as a monophyletic group as 

proposed on morphological grounds. However, 

G. flavescens, E. pygmaeus, and K. 

punctatissima clustered within the 

Pomatoschistus species, pointing to a 

paraphyletic origin of these genera. 

Furthermore, the genetic divergence between 

P. minutus from the Adriatic Sea versus the 

Atlantic-Mediterranean region was as high as 

the divergence within the P. minutus complex, 

suggesting that P. minutus from the Adriatic 

Sea should be considered as a distinct species. 

The "star" phylogeny might suggest that these 

gobies evolved in a very short time period, 

possibly linked to the drastic alterations in the 

Mediterranean Sea during and immediately 

after the Messinian salinity crisis at the end of 

the Miocene. The freshwater life-style 

appeared monophyletic; equating its origin 

with the salinity crisis resulted in a molecular 

clock estimate of 1.4% divergence per million 

years. The last common ancestor probably 

occupied sandy bottoms and a coastal niche 

while several species subsequently adapted to 

new habitats (pelagic, freshwater or 

stenohaline). The origin of the shallowest 

clades dated back to the glacial cycling during 

the Pleistocene epoch. 

2006020084 

寻常海绵 ( 多孔动物 ) 中部分 LSU 结构在 

目级分类水平上的差异 : 对古老分类单元 

的新认识 = Order level differences in the 

structure of partial LSU across demosponges 

(Porifera): new insights into an old taxon. ( 英 

文 ). Erpenbeck D; McMormack G P; 

Breeuwer J A J; van Soest R W M.. Molecular 


366-395 

2006020085 

重庆城口黑色岩系中铂矿的分子古生物学 

特征研究 = Molecular paleontology of 

Chengkou platinum deposit in black rock 

series in Chongqing, China. ( 中文 ). 杨文光 ; 

林丽 ; 朱利东 ; 熊永柱 ; 庞艳春 ; 付修根 . 成都理 

工大学学报 , 2004, 31(5): 457-460 

重庆城口铂矿产于秦岭地槽与扬子准地 

台接合部位的城巴深断裂两侧的断块或岩 

体蚀变破碎带中 , 含矿层为上震旦统一下寒 

武统黑色岩系 . 通过对城口铂矿进行实地考 

察 , 发现含矿层有机质含量偏高 , 并且碳质与 

矿体伴生 , 预示着生物或有机质在城口铂矿 

的形成过程中起着重要的作用 . 测试出氯仿 

沥青族组成中总烃 ( 饱和烃 + 芳烃 ) 不占优势 , 

重组分 ( 非烃 + 沥青质 ) 丰度较高 , 说明有机质 

成熟度较低 . 运用分子古生物学的基本理论 

和分析方法 , 论证了与铂矿化有关的有机质 

的生物母源为菌藻类微生物 ; 另外 ,Pr/Ph 比 

值小于 1 反映了其成矿环境为还原环境 . 

2006020086 

真核生物的起源和分化 : 关于分子系统发 

育和分子钟测定的问题 = The origin and 

diversification of eukaryotes: problems with 

molecular phylogenetics and molecular clock 

estimation. ( 英文 ). Roger A J; Hug L A. 



361(1470): 1039 - 1054 

Determining the relationships among and 

divergence times for the major eukaryotic 

lineages remains one of the most important 

and controversial outstanding problems in 

evolutionary biology. The sequencing and 

phylogenetic analyses of ribosomal RNA 

(rRNA) genes led to the first nearly 

comprehensive phylogenies of eukaryotes in 

the late 1980s, and supported a view where 

cellular complexity was acquired during the 

divergence of extant unicellular eukaryote 

lineages. More recently, however, refinements 

29

in analytical methods coupled with the 

availability of many additional genes for 

phylogenetic analysis showed that much of the 

deep structure of early rRNA trees was 

artefactual. Recent phylogenetic analyses of a 

multiple genes and the discovery of important 

molecular and ultrastructural phylogenetic 

characters have resolved eukaryotic diversity 

into six major hypothetical groups. Yet 

relationships among these groups remain 

poorly understood because of saturation of 

sequence changes on the billion-year timescale, 

possible rapid radiations of major 

lineages, phylogenetic artefacts and 

endosymbiotic or lateral gene transfer among 

eukaryotes. Estimating the divergence dates 

between the major eukaryote lineages using 

molecular analyses is even more difficult than 

phylogenetic estimation. Error in such 

analyses comes from a myriad of sources 

including: (i) calibration fossil dates, (ii) the 

assumed phylogenetic tree, (iii) the nucleotide 

or amino acid substitution model, (iv) 

substitution number (branch length) estimates, 

(v) the model of how rates of evolution 

change over the tree, (vi) error inherent in the 

time estimates for a given model and (vii) how 

multiple gene data are treated. By reanalysing 

datasets from recently published molecular 

clock studies, we show that when errors from 

these various sources are properly accounted 

for, the confidence intervals on inferred dates 

can be very large. Furthermore, estimated 

dates of divergence vary hugely depending on 

the methods used and their assumptions. 

Accurate dating of divergence times among 

the major eukaryote lineages will require a 

robust tree of eukaryotes, a much richer 

Proterozoic fossil record of microbial 

eukaryotes assignable to extant groups for 

calibration, more sophisticated relaxed 

molecular clock methods and many more 

genes sampled from the full diversity of 

microbial eukaryotes. 

古生态学 

2006020087 

英国西南部默尔塞河口全新统条带状沉积 

物季节性沉积的孢粉学和沉积学证据 = 

Seasonal deposition of Holocene banded 

sediments in the Severn Estuary Levels 

(southwest Britain): palynological and 

sedimentological evidence. ( 英文 ). Dark P; 

Allen J R L. Quaternary Science Review, 2005, 

24(1-2): 11-33 

Banded sediments outcrop widely in the 

intertidal zone of the Severn Estuary and have 

been suggested, on the basis of textural 

analysis, to have formed in response to 

seasonal variations in sea temperature and 

windiness (Holocene, 14 (2004) 536). Here 

palynological and sedimentological analyses 

of banded sediments of mid-Holocene date 

from Gold Cliff, on the Welsh side of the 

Severn Estuary, are combined to test and 

further develop the hypothesis of seasonal 

deposition. Pollen percentage and 

concentration data are presented from a short 

sequence of bands to establish whether 

textural variations in the bands coincide with 

variations in pollen content reflecting seasonal 

flowering patterns. It is shown that finegrained 

band parts contain higher total pollen 

concentrations, and a higher proportion of 

pollen from late spring- to summer-flowering 

plants, than coarse-grained band parts. Pollen 

in the coarser deposits appears primarily to 

reflect deposition from the buffering 

‘reservoir’ of suspended pollen in the 

estuarine water-body and from rivers, when 

there is little pollen in the air in winter, while 

the finer sediments contain pollen deposited 

from the atmosphere during the flowering 

season, superimposed on these ‘background’ 

sources. The potential of such deposits for 

refining chronologies and identifying 

seasonality of coastal processes is noted, and 

the results of charcoal particle analysis of the 

bands presented as an example of how they 

have the potential to shed light on seasonal 

and annual patterns of human activity. 

2006020088 

早三叠世独特的微体腹足生物相 : 二叠纪 

末集群灭绝后长期生物萧条的指示物和生 

物复苏的模式 = Unique microgastropod 

biofacies in the Early Triassic: Indicator of 

long-term biotic stress and the pattern of biotic 

recovery after the end-Permian mass 

extinction. ( 英文 ). Fraiser M L;. Twitchett R J; 

Bottjer D J. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(6-7): 543-552 

Microgastropod-dominated shell beds 

formed during the aftermath of the end- 

Permian mass extinction comprise a 

characteristic Early Triassic biofacies. The 

identification of this biofacies is significant: (1) 

no other episode in the geologic record is 

characterized by the lack of larger gastropods 

and abundant, conspicuous microgastropoddominated 

shell beds; (2) its distribution 

indicates that the recovery from the end- 

Permian mass extinction was regionally 

variable and began sooner than previously 

30

interpreted. Occurrence of this biofacies 

supports the contention that chemically and/or 

physiologically harsh environmental 

conditions related to the cause of the end- 

Permian mass extinction were prolonged 

through much of the Early Triassic 

2006020089 

二叠纪末集群灭绝之后礁群落的重建 = The 

reorganization of reef communities following 

the end-Permian mass extinction. ( 英文 ). 

Pruss S B; Bottjer D J. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(6-7): 553-568 

The transition from Permian to Triassic 

time, amidst the largest extinction in the 

history of life, is characterized by the loss of 

metazoan reefs followed by a protracted and 

total reorganization of reef ecosystems. This 

restructuring of reefs was permanent, and 

involved a succession from the Permian reef 

optimum to their total demise, followed by a 

long-term absence of metazoan reefs in the 

Early Triassic and then ultimately a delayed 

recovery in the Middle Triassic. During the 

end-Permian mass extinction, reef building 

metazoans suffered a major extinction that 

resulted in a severe drop in reef skeletal 

carbonate production by > 99%. Following the 

extinction, microbial reefs that formed without 

metazoans took over for 5–6 Myr during the 

entire Early Triassic. This microbial reef 

resurgence has been widely studied and is 

thought to represent long-term environmental 

stress related to the end-Permian mass 

extinction that suppressed the recovery of 

metazoans while simultaneously fostering 

microbialite development. In the Middle 

Triassic, metazoans reefs became reestablished, 

although pre-extinction 

biodiversity values were not attained until the 

Late Triassic 

2006020090 

二叠纪末集群灭绝之后长期环境压力平坦 

海底浅水群落的重建 = Restructuring in 

benthic level-bottom shallow marine 

communities due to prolonged environmental 

stress following the end-Permian mass 

extinction. ( 英文 ). Fraiser M; Bottjer D J. 


591 

Because the end-Permian mass extinction 

was the largest mass extinction since the 

Cambrian, numerous studies have focused on 

taxonomic changes and patterns immediately 

before and after the Permian/Triassic boundary. 

This synthesis of paleoecological data 

demonstrates that the end-Permian mass 

extinction and the Early Triassic aftermath 

were ecologically, as well as taxonomically, 

significant events in the history of life. A 

variety of short-term and long-term structural 

changes in ecosystems and paleocommunities 

were facilitated by deleterious environmental 

conditions that persisted through the Early 

Triassic. 

2006020091 

三叠纪昆虫动物群的辐射 = The Triassic 

radiation of the entomofauna. ( 英文 ). Béthoux 

O, Francine Papier F; Nel A. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(6-7): 609-621 

Assessing the insect evolution around the 

Permian/Triassic boundary faces various 

pitfalls. The taxonomic and phylogenetic 

frames are not consensually established, and 

diverse evidences suggest that the record is 

incomplete. Nevertheless, extensive studies in 

progress on the super-ordinal clades 

Archaeorthoptera and Odonatoptera reveal 

common trends. Several important lineages 

get extinct, and groups underrepresented or 

absent in Late Permian became major 

components of the entomofauna in Middle 

Triassic. In addition, the radiation of the 

Diptera and the diversification of the 

Coleoptera in the Triassic also support the 

hypothesis of an important renewal of the 

entomofauna at the Permian/Triassic boundary 

2006020092 

阿根廷拉里奥哈法马提那山脉 Del Buey 组 

的时代和古环境 : 沉积学和孢粉学证据 = 

Age and palaeoenvironment of the Del Buey 

Formation, Famatina Range, La Rioja, 

Argentina: Sedementological and 

palynclocical evidences. ( 其他 ). Barreda V 

D;Ottone E G; Davila F M; Astini R A. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 215-226 

Sedimentary facies and palaeoenvironments 

are described and interpreted from the del 

Buey Formation, Famatina Range, La Rioja 

Province. Miospores and algae are reported 

for the first time in this unit. The del Buey 

Formation is mainly composed by pinkish to 

reddish shales, some conglomerates, and 

Conspicuous levels of mudstones, interpreted 

as braidplain and lacustrine deposits. The 

palynological assemblage, recovered from the 

lacustrine facies, is scarce and low-diversified. 

It is composed by probably allochtonous 

Podocarpaceae, together with Malvaceae and 

mostly halophytic-xerophytic herbs and 

shrubs of Chenopodiaceae, Ephedraceae, 

31

Convolvulaceae and Asteraceae, as well as 

tropical taxa such as Magnaperiporites 

(Convolvulaceae?) and Senipites 

(Symplocaceae). The assemblage also 

contains Pteridophyta, Bryophyta and 

Chlorococcales (Botryococcus and 

Pediastrum). Species of Malvaceae and 

Sparganiaceae/Thyphaceae would represent 

the vegetation of a freshwater lake, a habitat 

adequate to the development of planktonic 

green algae, whereas the remaining taxa could 

have developed in lacustrine marginal 

environments. The record of xerophytic and 

tropical taxa Coupled with the development of 

calcretes and intrasedimentary gypsum 

suggest semiarid and warm to warm-temperate 

climate conditions. Recent isotopic data 

indicate a Middle Miocene age for the del 

Buey Formation, palynological evidence 

supports this temporal assignment. 

2006020093 

威尔士中部 Meifod 海底水道的晚奥陶世 

( 赫南特阶 ) 岩溶表面记录了冰川性海面 

升降变化 = A late Ordovician (Hirnantian) 

karstic surface in a submarine channel, 

recording glacio-eustatic sea-level changes: 

Meifod, central Wales. ( 英文 ). Brenchley P ;, 

Marshall J D; Harper D A T; Buttler C J;, 

Underwood C J. Geological Journal, 2006, 

41(1): 1-22 

The growth and decay of the end- 

Ordovician Gondwanan glaciation is globally 

reflected by facies changes in sedimentary 

sequences, which record a major eustatic fall 

and subsequent rise in the Hirnantian Stage at 

the end of the Ordovician. However, there are 

different reported estimates of the magnitude 

and pattern of sea-level change. Particularly 

good evidence for end-Ordovician sea-level 

change comes from a sequence at Meifod in 

central Wales, which has a karstified 

limestone unit within a channel incised into 

marine shelf sediments. Pre-glacial 

(Rawtheyan) mudstones have a diverse fauna 

suggesting a mid-to-deep-shelf water depth of 

c. 60 m. The channel, 20 m deep, was incised 

into these mudstones and partially filled with a 

mixture of fine sand and detrital carbonate. 

The taphonomy of bioclasts and intraclasts 

indicates that many had a long residence time 

on the sea floor or suffered diagenesis after 

shallow burial before being resedimented into 

the channel. The presence of carbonates on the 

Welsh shelf is atypical and they are 

interpreted as having accumulated as patches 

during a minor regression prior to the main 

glacio- eustatic fall. Comparison of the carbon 

stable-isotopic values of the bioclast material 

with the global isotopic record confirms that 

most of the material is of Rawtheyan age, but 

that some is Hirnantian. The resedimented 

carbonates lithified rapidly and formed a 

limestone, several metres thick, in the deepest 

parts of the channel. As sea-level fell, this 

limestone was exposed and eroded into karstic 

domes and pillars with a relief of over 2 m. 

The overall, glacio-eustatic, sea-level fall is 

estimated to be in excess of 80 m. 

A succeeding sea-level rise estimated to be 

40-50 m is recorded in the laminated crust that 

mantles the karstic domes and pillars. The 

crust is formed of encrusting bryozoans, 

associated cystoids, crinoid holdfasts and 

clusters of the brachiopod Paromalomena, 

which is normally associated with mid-shelf 

environments. Fine sands buried the karst 

topography and accumulated to fill the 

channel. In the sandstones at the base of the 

channel there is a Hirnantia fauna, while in the 

sandstones high in the channel-sequence there 

is cross-stratification characteristic of midshoreface 

environments. This would indicate a 

fall of sea-level of c. 30 m. The subsequent 

major transgression marking the end of the 

glaciation is not recorded at the Meifod 

locality, but nearby exposures of mudstones 

suggest a return to mid-to-deep-shelf 

environments, similar to those that prevailed 

before the Hirnantian regression.The Meifod 

sequence provides strong evidence for the 

magnitude of the Hirnantian sea-level changes 

and by implication confirm larger estimates 

for the size of the ice sheets. Smaller 

oscillations in relative sea-level seen at 

Meifod may be local phenomena or may 

reflect eustatic changes that have not been 

widely reported elsewhere. 

微体古生物学 

综论 

2006020094 

中生代钙质超微化石 - 当前进展 = 

Mesozoic calcareous nannofossils - state of 

the art. ( 英文 ). Mutterlose J; Bornemann A; 

Herrle J O. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2005, 79(1): 113-133 

Calcareous nannofossils originated in the 

Triassic, radiated in the Jurassic and became a 

dominant component of the marine biosphere 

from the earliest Jurassic onward. They can be 

considered as one of the most important 

"innovations" of the Mesozoic oceans.Teir 

32

asic morphology allows the differentiation of 

three different groups: coccoliths, nannoliths 

and calcispheres (= calcareous dinocysts). 

only coccoliths and nannoliths are discussed 

in this article in some detail. 

2006020095 

晚泥盆世对冲断层沉积物中钙质微体化石 

Ovummuridae 科 : 它们的分布、保存潜力 

及古生态意义 = Ovummuridae (calcareous 

microfossils) from a Late Devonian ramp: 

their distribution, preservation potential, and 

paleoecological significance. ( 英文 ). MacNeil 

A J; Jones B. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2006, 43(3): 269-280 

Enigmatic calcareous microfossils that 

belong to the Ovummuridae Munnecke, 

Servais, and Vachard, 2000 are present in ten 

cores through the upper part of the 

Escarpment Formation and Alexandra 

Formation in the Hay River area of the 

Northwest Territories, Canada. These Late 

Devonian (Frasnian) siliciclastic, mixed 

carbonate-siliciclastic, and carbonate ramp 

deposits accumulated on the western margin 

of Laurussia. Finding ovummurids in these 

deposits is significant because it provides the 

first formal documentation that these 

microorganisms existed in the Devonian and 

confirms that the stratigraphic range of the 

family extends from the Lower Silurian to 

Upper Permian. The microfossils, which are 

of unknown biological affinity, include 

Minourella gotlandica, previously known only 

from Silurian strata, Ovummurus duoportius, 

and Minourella cameroni sp. nov. The 

preservation potential of these microfossils 

was markedly enhanced by thick cement 

overgrowths, akin to the syntaxial 

overgrowths that are common on Paleozoic 

crinoid fragments. The distribution of 

ovummurids in these ramp deposits is 

significant because it demonstrates that 

ovummurids were capable of inhabiting turbid, 

likely nutrient-enriched marine environments, 

with significant siliciclastic influx, that were 

unsuitable for most other carbonate-secreting 

organisms in the Paleozoic. 

2006020096 

白令海表层沉积物中硅质生物的变化及其 

环境控制因素 = Variations of siliceous 

microorganisms in surface sediments of the 

Bering Sea and their environmental control 

factors. ( 中文 ). 王汝建 ; 陈荣华 . 地球科学 - 中 

国地质大学学报 , 2004, 29(6): 685-690 

中国首次北极科学考察在白令海采取了 

12 个表层沉积物样品 , 其中对硅质生物和陆 

源碎屑的详细研究发现 , 它们主要由硅藻、 

放射虫和海绵骨针组成 . 其中 , 硅藻在样品中 

的丰度均占绝对优势 , 高出放射虫和海绵骨 

针一个数量级 . 它们与环境控制因素关系的 

分析表明 , 硅藻、放射虫和海绵骨针丰度的 

高低及其保存程度与深度、温度、盐度和 

受大规模季节性气候变化控制的表层海水 

的高营养和高生产力 , 以及陆源物质输入的 

变化密切相关 . 这一研究结果对白令海第四 

纪的古气候与古海洋学研究具有十分重要 

的意义 . 

2006020097 

环南极盆地第四纪钙质超微化石 : 古生态 

和古气候意义 = Quaternary calcareous 

nannofossils from Periantarctic basins: 

Paleoecological and paleoclimatic 

implications. ( 英文 ). Villaa G; Palandrib S; 

Wisec S W. Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 

56(3-4): 103-121 

Currently, coccolithophores have a 

widespread oceanic distribution and are 

reported from most latitudes, but not those 

higher than 65°S. Fifteen piston cores were 

sampled with the aim of investigating the 

distribution and abundance variation of 

Quaternary calcareous nannofossils of the 

Antarctic region, south of the Antarctic 

Divergence (> 65°S), particularly from Maud 

Rise, Bausan Bank, and from Weddell, Ross 

and Bellingshausen Seas. A calcareous 

nannofossil cold-taxa association is present in 

most of the cores examined and their 

discontinuous occurrence is thought to 

indicate key environmental relationships. The 

presence of calcareous nannofossils is 

correlated with interglacial intervals with 

warmer SSTs and may indicate high 

productivity and an open-ocean environment. 

Our results confirm that, during short periods 

of the late Quaternary, coccolithophorids 

occurred at southern high latitudes, in the 

western Antarctic basins, while in the eastern 

Antarctic basins they are nearly absent, 

suggesting more variable SSTs near West 

Antarctic Ice Sheet. 

2006020098 

晚泥盆世对冲断层沉积物中钙质微体化石 

Ovummuridae 科 : 它的分布、保存潜力和 

古生态意义 = Ovummuridae (calcareous 

microfossils) from a Late Devonian ramp: 

their distribution, preservation potential, and 

33

paleoecological significance. ( 英文 ). MacNeil 

A J; Jones B. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2006, 43(3): 269-280 

Enigmatic calcareous microfossils that 

belong to the Ovummuridae Munnecke, 

Servais, and Vachard, 2000 are present in ten 

cores through the upper part of the 

Escarpment Formation and Alexandra 

Formation in the Hay River area of the 

Northwest Territories, Canada. These Late 

Devonian (Frasnian) siliciclastic, mixed 

carbonate-siliciclastic, and carbonate ramp 

deposits accumulated on the western margin 

of Laurussia. Finding ovummurids in these 

deposits is significant because it provides the 

first formal documentation that these 

microorganisms existed in the Devonian and 

confirms that the stratigraphic range of the 

family extends from the Lower Silurian to 

Upper Permian. The microfossils, which are 

of unknown biological affinity, include 

Minourella gotlandica, previously known only 

from Silurian strata, Ovummurus duoportius, 

and Minourella cameroni sp. nov. The 

preservation potential of these microfossils 

was markedly enhanced by thick cement 

overgrowths, akin to the syntaxial 

overgrowths that are common on Paleozoic 

crinoid fragments. The distribution of 

ovummurids in these ramp deposits is 

significant because it demonstrates that 

ovummurids were capable of inhabiting turbid, 

likely nutrient-enriched marine environments, 

with significant siliciclastic influx, that were 

unsuitable for most other carbonate-secreting 

organisms in the Paleozoic. 

孢粉 

2006020099 

挪威亚北极 Sørøya 地区石器时代人类定居 

对植被的影响 = Stone Age settlements at 

Sørøya, sub-arctic Norway: impact on the 

vegetation. ( 英文 ). Stone Age settlements at 

Sørøya, sub-arctic Norway: impact on the 

vegetation. Vegetation History and 

Archaeobotany, 2005, 14(1): 1 - 13 

Four pollen diagrams, which together cover 

the period 10400 cal BP to the present, from an 

area rich in Stone Age house foundations 

show that vegetation was increasingly 

influenced by man in a stepwise process. 

There was a modest, temporary appearance of 

anthropogenically-induced vegetation about 

8600 cal BP. After 7100 cal BP there was a 

development towards semi-open birch 

woodland where the open patches were 

characterised by natural heath and meadow 

species and more typical apophytic taxa such 

as Ranunculus acris and Rumex acetosa types, 

grasses and juniper. The main changes 

towards this vegetation seem connected with 

the most important cultural changes, 

especially at about 7100 cal BP, when there 

was a transition to honed slate tools in the 

regional archaeology, at about 4000 cal BP 

when pottery was introduced, and at about 

3000–2800 cal BP since when the use of stone 

artefacts gradually ceased. It is suggested that 

the settlements were mainly summer 

habitations. 

2006020100 

根据全新世大量数据资料用多元统计和其 

他方法来区分谷类和野生禾本科花粉 = 

Multivariate statistical and other approaches 

for the separation of cereal from wild Poaceae 

pollen using a large Holocene dataset. ( 英文 ). 

Tweddle J C; Edwards K J; Fieller N R J. 


14(1): 15 - 30 

The separation of the pollen of wild 

Poaceae species from that of domesticated 

cereal crops is of considerable importance to 

palynologists studying Holocene vegetational 

and agricultural change. Studies of the 

characteristics of modern pollen populations 

indicate that it may be possible to distinguish 

cereal pollen from that of many (but not all) 

undomesticated Poaceae species, though there 

are few detailed investigations into the 

applicability of such studies to 

palaeoecological samples. This paper assesses 

the reliability of available keys for identifying 

sub-fossil grass pollen using a large Holocene 

dataset obtained from a series of well-dated 

profiles from lowland Yorkshire, England. 

Pollen within the dataset is classified using the 

keys of Andersen (Danmarks Geol 

Undersøgelse, Arbog, 1978, 69–92, 1979) and 

Küster (1988), and the resulting identifications 

are compared. The possibilities of combining 

the two approaches and employing the 

multivariate statistical techniques of principal 

component and discriminant analysis to 

achieve greater confidence of identification 

are then investigated. Finally, the findings of 

the above analyses are used to discuss the 

interpretation of incidences of large Poaceae 

pollen (i.e. >37 µm grain diameter as 

measured in silicone oil) within the 

palynological record, particularly during 

prehistory. The outcomes of this study will be 

of relevance to other investigations in which 

careful identification of large grass pollen is 

34

desirable, but where preservation or other 

factors prohibit accurate or confident 

identification of pollen surface pattern. 

2006020101 

瑞典 Scandes 山脉中部全新世森林的发展 

= Holocene forest development in the central 

Scandes Mountains, Sweden. ( 英文 ). 

Giesecke T. Vegetation History and 

Archaeobotany, 2005, 14(2): 133-147 

Pollen analyses of sediment cores from two 

small lakes within the boreal forest in the 

central Scandes Mountains help to elucidate 

the Holocene forest dynamics of the region. 

Analyses of pore/pollen grain diameter ratios 

of Alnus grains indicate the early Holocene 

presence of Alnus glutinosa in the study area. 

The results are discussed in conjunction with 

available pollen records to evaluate the 

importance of thermophilous trees during the 

early Holocene and to deduce the regional 

spread of Picea abies. Corylus avellana, Alnus 

glutinosa and Ulmus glabra were probably 

common constituents of the early Holocene 

forest. Tilia cordata may have occurred there 

as a rare tree. Pollen stratigraphies from the 

region do not indicate the occurrence of 

Quercus robur. The regional spread of Picea 

abies can be separated into two phases: a mid- 

Holocene establishment or first expansion of 

small outpost populations and a late-Holocene 

population expansion. The mid-Holocene shift 

in vegetation composition may have been 

caused by changes in the westerly airflow. 

2006020102 

苏格兰斯凯岛三个沿海地区的晚冰期和全 

新世植被变化新资料 = Lateglacial and 

Holocene vegetation change on the Isle of 

Skye: new data from three coastal locations. 

( 英文 ). Selby K A. Vegetation History and 

Archaeobotany, 2005, 13(4): 233 - 247 

Detailed lithostratigraphical and 

biostratigraphical studies from three 

contrasting coastal sites on the Isle of Skye 

were undertaken to investigate spatial 

variations in vegetation development on the 

island since the Lateglacial. The pollen 

profiles were then compared with the 

published pollen data for Skye. The new data 

reveal broadly similar trends for the sites 

studied and show that these correspond well to 

the previously established chronology. A date 

of ca. 10110 radiocarbon years B.P. has been 

obtained for the rational rise in Corylus, a date 

of ca . 8850 uncal B.P. for the appearance of 

Ulmus and a date of ca. 6600 uncal B.P. for 

the rise in Alnus. However, significant 

variations were evident and these were due to 

(a) coastal proximity, which directly affects 

vegetation composition through the low but 

persistent presence of Armeria and 

Chenopodiaceae, (b) altitude, which 

determines the effect of rising groundwater 

that may be related to relative sea level rise, 

and (c) aspect and position in relation to 

central Cuillin mountain range, through 

exposure to SW winds that restrict the 

development of thermophilous woodland and 

encourage the acidification of heathlands and 

development of herb-rich grasslands from ca . 

4000 B.P.. This study reveals that the range of 

variation caused by these local factors is as 

great as the variation found throughout the 

island. This has negative implications for the 

reconstruction of regional patterns of 

vegetation change but highlights the range of 

local habitats and wild resources available to 

early inhabitants of the island. 

2006020103 

智利巴塔哥尼亚西南部麦哲伦雨林晚冰期 

和全新世植被史 = Late-glacial and Holocene 

vegetation history of the Magellanic rain 

forest in southwestern Patagonia, Chile. ( 英 

文 ). Fesq-Martin M; Friedmann A; Peters M; 

Behrmann J; Kilian R. Vegetation History and 


A 

14 C-dated high-resolution 

palaeoenvironmental record from a mire in 

southern Chile is used to reconstruct the Lateglacial 

and Holocene vegetation history of the 

Magellanic rain forest. The Late-glacial 

environment after around 15400–13500 cal 

B.P. was dominated by Gunnera magellanica, 

Nothofagus species ( dombeyi type) and 

Gramineae (Poaceae) indicating an open 

parkland with cool and damp climatic 

conditions. At the end of the Late-glacial there 

was an increase in G. magellanica and a 

decline in Nothofagus dombeyi type. This 

ecological signal is interpreted as a result of a 

re-advance of the Gran Campo Nevado 

icefield, caused by either Younger Dryas 

cooling or a latitudinal shift of the southern 

Westerlies. After around 11250–10750 cal B.P. 

Nothofagus species, Drimys winteri and 

Embothrium coccineum expanded, indicating 

development of the Magellanic rain forest. At 

4254±120 cal B.P. a tephra layer was 

deposited by the eruption of the Mt. Burney 

volcano leading to a long-term decline of the 

Nothofagus forest. A primary succession was 

then initiated, lasting for over 800 years 

35

efore pre-eruption vegetation patterns 

redeveloped. In summary, our results indicate 

the extreme sensitivity of the Magellanic rain 

forest to climatic or volcanic impacts and the 

slow recovery of a mature forest after 

environmental changes. 

2006020104 

玻利维亚高原距今 108,000 至 18,000 年的 

植被和气候变化 = Vegetation and climate 

change on the Bolivian Altiplano between 

108,000 and 18,000 yr ago. ( 英文 ). Lusty A C; 

Bush M B; Frogley M R; Baker P A; Fritz S C; 

Aronson J. Quaternary Research, 2005, 63(1): 

90-98 

A 90,000-yr record of environmental 

change before 18,000 cal yr B.P. has been 

constructed using pollen analyses from a 

sediment core obtained from Salar de Uyuni 

(3653 m above sea level) on the Bolivian 

Altiplano. The sequence consists of 

alternating mud and salt, which reflect shifts 

between wet and dry periods. Low abundances 

of aquatic species between 108,000 and 

50,000 yr ago (such as Myriophyllum and 

Isoëtes) and marked fluctuations in 

Pediastrum suggest generally dry conditions 

dominated by saltpans. Between 50,000 yr ago 

and 36,000 cal yr B.P., lacustrine sediments 

become increasingly dominant. The transition 

to the formation of paleolake “Minchin” 

begins with marked rises in Isoëtes and 

Myriophyllum, suggesting a lake of moderate 

depth. Similarly, between 36,000 and 26,000 

cal yr B.P., the transition to paleolake Tauca is 

also initiated by rises in Isoëtes and 

Myriophyllum; the sustained presence of 

Isoëtes indicates the development of flooded 

littoral communities associated with a lake 

maintained at a higher water level. Polylepis 

tarapacana-dominated communities were 

probably an important component of the 

Altiplano terrestrial vegetation during much of 

the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and 

previous wet phases. 

2006020105 

阿根廷南纬 32°–52° 地区中全新世孢粉记录 

的气候变化重建 = Mid-Holocene climatic 

variability reconstruction from pollen records 

(32°–52°S, Argentina). ( 英文 ). Mancini M V; 

Paez M M; Prieto A R; Stutz S; Tonello M; 

Vilanova I. Quaternany International, 2005, 

132(1): 47-59 

This study reviews 42 published pollen 

records to gain a better understanding of 

Holocene climate variability, especially of the 

past displacement and location of the arid– 

semiarid region (ASR) between 32° and 52°S 

in Argentina. At present, the ASR is delimited 

approximately between the 500 mm isohyet in 

the Pampa region and the 300 mm isohyet in 

the Andean sector (south of 37°S) represented 

by arid and semiarid climate types where 

precipitation can be as low as 200 mm. Mid- 

Holocene climatic variability affected the 

regional vegetation patterns and the borders of 

the ASR. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction 

is based on comparison of fossil pollen 

records from different depositional 

environments. Maps of distribution patterns of 

plant formations are reconstructed at 

2000±500 year intervals from 8000 to 4000 

14 C years BP. Vegetation changes are mainly 

explained by changes in the position and the 

seasonal amplitude of latitudinal shifts of the 

Pacific and Atlantic Anticyclones and of the 

westerlies. From 8000 to 4000 BP the eastern 

limit of the ASR was displaced eastward. The 

western limit reached the maximum eastward 

displacement in the southern extreme of 

Patagonia at 6000 years BP. At this time, at 

the center of ASR, shrub steppes and the 

Monte developed, suggesting maximum dry 

conditions and the establishment of the Arid 

Diagonal north of 42°S, while the present-day 

Espinal–Dry Pampa ecotone became 

established. At 4000 years BP paleodata 

suggest a transitional stage towards the 

present situation of the ASR. 

2006020106 

依据孢粉百分比临界值确定阿尔卑斯山地 

区 1.5 万年以来冷杉属、山毛榉属、云杉 

属和栎属植物的迁移和种群扩散 = 

Migration and population expansion of Abies, 

Fagus, Picea, and Quercus since 15000 years 

in and across the Alps, based on pollenpercentage 

threshold values. ( 英文 ). van der 

Knaap W O; van Leeuwen J F N; Finsinger W; 

Gobet E; Pini R; Schweizer A; Valsecchi V; 

Ammann B. Quaternary Science Review, 2005, 

24(5-6): 645-680 

Aims: The aim of this study is to explore 

the migration (colonization of new areas) and 

subsequent population expansion (within an 

area) since 15 ka cal BP of Abies, Fagus, 

Picea, and Quercus into and through the Alps 

solely on the basis of high-quality pollen data. 

Methods: Chronologies of 101 pollen 

sequences are improved or created. Data from 

the area delimited by 45.5–48.1°N and 6–14°E 

are summarized in three ways: (1) in a 

selection of pollen-percentage threshold maps 

36

(thresholds 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 16%, and 

32% of land pollen); (2) in graphic summaries 

of 250-year time slices and geographic 

segments (lengthwise and transverse in 

relation to the main axis of the Alps) as 

pollen-percentage curves, pollen-percentage 

difference curves, and pollen-percentage 

threshold ages cal BP graphed against both the 

length and the transverse Alpine axes; and (3) 

in tables showing statistical relationships of 

either pollen-percentage threshold ages cal BP 

or pollen expansion durations (=time lapse 

between different pollen-percentage threshold 

ages cal BP) with latitude, longitude, and 

elevation; to establish these relationships we 

used both simple linear regression and 

multiple linear regression after stepwiseforward 

selection. 

Results: The statistical results indicate that 

(a) the use of pollen-percentage thresholds 

between 0.5% and 8% yield mostly similar 

directions of tree migration, so the method is 

fairly robust, (b) Abies migrated northward, 

Fagus southward, Picea westward, and 

Quercus northward; more detail does not 

emerge due to an extreme scarcity of highquality 

data especially along the southern 

foothills of the Alps and in the eastern Alps. 

This scarcity allows the reconstruction of one 

immigration route only of Abies into the 

southern Alps. The speed of population 

expansion (following arrival) of Abies 

increased and of Picea decreased during the 

Holocene, of Fagus it decreased especially 

during the later Holocene, and of Quercus it 

increased especially at the start of the 

Holocene. 

2006020107 

内蒙古草原中东部现代表土植硅体组合与 

植被关系 = Phytolith record of surface 

samples from central eastern Inner Mongolia 

and their relationship to the modern vegetation. 

( 中文 ). 黄翡 ;L Kealhofer: 黄凤宝 . 微体古生 

物学报 , 2004, 21(4): 419-430 

对内蒙古中东部 14 个典型植被表土样品 

进行植硅体分析 , 同时将其结果作对应分 

析。结果表明 : 圆型和齿型在表土组合中占 

优势。圆型具有超代表性且在针茅草原和 

羊草草原表土组合中含量超过 50%。针茅 

哑铃型和脊哑铃型在克氏针茅草原以及退 

化草原表土组合中含量偏高 , 可指示干的草 

原生境以及草原退化。蒿属块型表现为低 

代表性 , 即便是在冷蒿灌丛表土中 , 蒿属块 

型含量也较低。沙地云杉林和榆树灌丛生 

境特殊 , 它们的表土植硅体组合特征明显 , 

前者以光滑块型、粗糙块型、规则多边型 

以及十字型等为主 , 后者以多铃型、三铃 

型、哑铃型以及简单哑铃型为特征。高山 

草甸和山杨林表土与研究区其它植被表土 

的相似性低。另外 , 研究区全新世古土壤剖 

面样品与表土样品的对应分析表明内蒙古 

中东部表土植硅体分析为恢复研究区全新 

世草原植被演化提供了参照物。 

2006020108 

西藏新生代秋乌组孢粉化石的发现及其初 

步研究 = Discovery and preliminary study on 

palynofossils from the Cenozoic Qiuwu 

Formation of Xizang(Tibet). ( 中文 ). 李建国 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2004, 21(2): 216-221 1 图 

版 . 

本文首次报道西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带附 

近秋乌组含煤沉积中的孢粉化石。孢粉植 

物群主要由 Quercoidites, 具孔类及三孔沟 

类花粉组成 , 包括 12 科 26 属及一些未定类 

群。组合中产有少量的 Graminidites 及 

Tsugaepolleni-tes。植物群的总体特征显示 

其时代可能为渐新世至早中新世。秋乌组 

沉积早期的环境比较温暖。 

2006020109 

湖北秭归盆地中侏罗世陈家湾组孢粉组合 

的发现及其意义 = Discovery of the Middle 

Jurassic sporopollen assemblage in the 

Chenjiawan Formation of Zigui Basin, Hubei 

and its significance. ( 中文 ). 陈辉明 ; 张振来 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2004, 21(2): 199-208 2 图 

版 . 

本文首次报道了湖北秭归盆地陈家湾组 

孢粉组合 , 该组合可归入 Cyathidites 

minor-Classopollis Callialasporites 为代表的 

组合 , 时代属中侏罗世。陈家湾组孢粉组 

合的特征反映了秭归盆地中侏罗世泄滩 

组、陈家湾组和沙溪庙组三个组的孢粉组 

合的面貌基本一致 , 仅早期组合与中、晚 

期组合略有差别。建议以 Gyathidites 

minor-classopollis-callialasportes 组合代表 

湖北西部 — 重庆地区中侏罗世孢粉组合 , 

早期为 Lunzisporites pallidus 亚组合 , 中晚 

期为 Converrrcosisporites venitus 亚组合。 

根据孢粉植物群在本区侏罗纪垂直分布情 

况 , 提出早侏罗世时期属亚热带一热带炎 

热潮湿气候环境 , 植物生长茂盛 ; 早侏罗 

世之后 , 潮湿的气候仍占主导地位 , 但出 

现了干旱的先兆 ; 中侏罗世早期进入了半 

干旱阶段 , 随后即为炎热干旱的气候所笼 

37

罩 ; 至晚侏罗世达到非常干旱的程度 , 植 

物种类十份单调 , 唯有掌鳞杉科植物占据 

着统治地位。 

2006020110 

Parahorologinella gen.nov.—— 松辽盆地早 

白垩世孢形体一新属 = Parahorologinella 

gen.nov.——A Early Cretaceous new 

palynomorph taxon in Songliao Basin. ( 中文 ). 

何承全 ; 黎文本 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 

332-337 2 图版 . 

Parahorologinella gen. nov. 是一类多细 

胞、单层的定形群体化石 , 亲缘上可能与绿 

藻植物门有关。属下仅一种 : P. ciconica gen. 

et sp. nov., 产于松辽盆地东南部登楼库组第 

三段。据同层孢粉化石的研究 , 时代为早白 

垩世阿尔必期 , 代表微咸 — 淡水的沉积环 

境。 

2006020111 

鲁西地区二叠系上、下石盒子组孢粉组合 

及其分界 = Palynological assemblages of 

Upper and Lower Shihezi Formations of 

Permian from western Shandong region and 

the basal boundary of Upper Shihezi 

Formation. ( 中文 ). 王明镇 ; 张锡麒 ; 赵秀丽 . 

古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 349-365 4 图版 . 

为解决鲁西地区上、下石盒子组分界问 

题 , 在相关地层共采集处理孢粉样品 100 多 

块 , 经系统研究建立本区上、下石盒子组两 

个孢粉组合 , 自下而上为 : 1) Sinulatisporites 

sinensis-Patellisporites meishanensis 组合 ; 2) 

Anticapipollis reticorpus-Macrotorispora 

gigantea 组合。根据所建立的孢粉组合特征 , 

经与华北各地二叠系孢粉组合广泛对比 , 进 

一步阐述各孢粉组合的地质时代 , 并为本区 

二叠系上、下石盒子组的分界提出了较为 

可靠的意见。该界线与区内中期华夏植物 

群晚期和晚期华夏植物群早期植物群界线 

基本一致。 

2006020112 

法国夏朗德 - 马力替姆 Archingeay 阿尔布 

阶最上部含琥珀褐煤泥岩层的孢粉分析 = 

Palynological analysis of an amber-bearing 

lignitic clay bed from the Uppermost Albian 

of Archingeay (Charente-Maritime, France). 

( 法文 ). Dejax J; Masure E. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(1-2): 53-65 

An amber-bearing lignitic clay bed from 

Archingeay village (Charente-Maritime, 

France) yielded a well-preserved, rich and 

variegated palynoflora, whose origin is mixed 

between land plants and marine microflora. Its 

detailed analysis, through light and scanning 

electron microscopes, led to fulfil its inventory, 

then to propose a palaeoenvironmental 

reconstruction and to draw the palaeoclimate 

which prevailed over the region: an estuarine 

area under a rather humid, temperate to hot 

climate. A variety of ferns and resin-producing 

conifers grew near the shore-side and in the 

inward land; the angiospermous affinity is 

worthy of interest, although rather little 

diversified. Filamentous ‘algae’ grew in the 

rivers. The marine microflora, moderately 

diversified, comprises chitinous foraminifer 

linings, acritarchs and dinoflagellate cysts, 

among which the Uppermost Albian guide 

taxa are present; the predominance of neritic 

species remains somewhat moderate 

2006020113 

北极 Barrow 地区几种冻原植物的花粉形 

态 = A study on pollen morphology of tundra 

plants from Barrow, Arctic. ( 中文 ). 张小平 ; 

唐领余 ; 周忠泽 ; 张青松 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2004, 21(1): 44-52 

根据中美合作协议 , 研究北极巴罗地区 

2000 年以来气候和环境变化史 , 张青松和 

唐领余于 1998 年 5—6 月到阿拉斯加巴罗 

地区进行了为期 4 周的野外考察。除湖泊 

打钻外 , 还在巴罗地区采集了表土花粉和 

植物标本。本文是研究北极巴罗 (Barrow) 地 

区 12 种冻原植物的花粉形态 , 它们的形状 

有球形、近球形、扁球形、茧形和四面体 

形 , 其萌发孔有三孔沟 , 三沟 , 二合沟以 

及散孔等类型。花粉具辐射对称和两侧对 

称两种类型。这些花粉的植物体是北极地 

区常见的植物 , 分属于 10 个科 , 除三种为 

小灌木外 , 大多数为多年生或一年生草本 

植物。这些冻原植物花粉形态的研究为恢 

复北极地区古植被和古气候的研究 , 提供 

了有价值的对比资料和依据。 

2006020114 

中国东部石炭纪以来双气囊花粉富集规律 

与古气候演变 = Enrichment patterns of 

disaccites and palaeoclimate change in eastern 

China since Carboniferous. ( 中文 ). 陶明华 ; 王 

惠正 ; 麻炳勋 ; 陶明玲 . 微体古生物学报 , 2004, 

21(1): 85-99 

中国东部双气囊花粉首次出现于早石炭 

世末期 , 迄今已有近 3 亿年的历史。晚石 

炭世以来 , 包括松科、罗汉松科、古老松 

柏粉类、具缝双囊粉类、原始无肋双囊粉 

38

类及具肋双囊粉类在内的双气囊花粉 , 在 

地质发展历史上不仅仅展现为随时间的新 

老交替过程 , 而且呈现出明显周期性富集 

现象。3 亿年来 , 双气囊花粉至少存在三个 

层次的周期性盛衰过程。一级周期时限约 

45-50Ma, 双气囊花粉往往在其早期阶段富 

集出现 , 晚期阶段明显衰退。中国东部重 

要的双气囊花粉富集期包括 : 晚石炭世晚 

期一早二叠世早期、晚二叠世末期一早三 

叠世早期、晚三叠世末期一早侏罗世早中 

期、晚侏罗世晚期一早白垩世早期、早白 

垩世末期一晚白垩世早期、晚白垩世末期 

古近纪早期、新近纪中期至更新世。双气 

囊花粉盛衰过程的二级周期时限约 15- 

17Ma, 该级周期叠加在一级周期之上 , 并 

使其复杂化。一般情况下 , 在任意一个一 

级周期之内 , 前两个二级周期之早、中期 

阶段 , 双气囊花粉可达到较高的富集程 

度 , 而第三个二级周期内 , 双气囊花粉往 

往不甚发育 , 这是由一级周期本身的性质 

所决定的。双气囊花粉类盛衰过程还存在 

着超级周期性 , 这种超级周期由两个一级 

周期组成 , 时限约为 100Ma。地史上 , 此 

级别周期有 4 期 , 其地质时限如下 : 石炭 

纪一中二叠世末期、晚二叠世早期一晚侏 

罗世初期、晚侏罗世早期晚白垩世晚期 ( 马 

斯特里赫特早期 )、晚白垩世末期至今。在 

同一超级周期之内 , 两个一级周期转折处 

双气囊花粉仍占据较突出地位 , 为弱转折 

所在。不同超级周期之间 , 一级周期转折 

处双气囊花粉含量急剧衰减 , 且喜热耐干 

孢粉类型富集出现 , 特化类型分布普遍 , 

为强转折所在。双气囊花粉类盛衰过程还 

明显地与古气候演化、全球构造变动、海 

平面升降、缺氧沉积发育、以及盆地演化 

过程之间存在着明显的相关性。这些规律 

表明 , 全球自然背景演化过程有着统一的 

机制 , 而双气囊花粉类盛衰历史为发现这 

些自然背景演化过程基本规律 , 以及探索 

其演化机制提供了重要线索。 

2006020115 

比利时蒙斯盆地 Bernissart 地区威尔登相 

沉积孢粉测年的古生物和地球动力学意义 

= Palaeontological and geodynamical 

implications of the palynological dating of the 

wealden facies sediments of Bernissart (Mons 

Basin, Belgium). ( 法文 ). Yans J; Dejax J; 

Pons D; Dupuis C; Taquet P. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 42(1-2): 135-150 

The para-taxon biorecord Superret-croton, 

characterized in 1979 by Hughes et al. in the 

Wessex sub-basin (England), is for the first 

time recognized in the Wealden facies 

sediments of Bernissart (Sainte-Barbe 

Formation, Mons Basin, Belgium). This 

morphotype demonstrates the presence of 

angiosperms. It is equivalent to the 

morphographic taxon Stellatopollis hughesii 

Penny, 1986. By using its stratigraphic 

distribution in the well-dated reference 

sections of the Weald and Wessex sub-basins 

(England), we suggest that the wealden facies 

sediments at 322 m deep in the natural pit of 

Bernissart are Middle Barremian to Earliest 

Aptian in age. This dating confirms the 

hypothetic Barremian age previously 

suggested on the basis of the morphologic 

evolution of the Iguanodontidae. It also 

clarifies the beginning of the subsidence in the 

Mons Basin, coeval with an eustatic drop 

(second order) and probably related to the 

dissolution of deep anhydrites. 

2006020116 

云南沾益泥盆系龙华山组、西冲组孢子生 

物地层研究 = Devonian miospore 

biostratigraphy of the Longhuashan and 

Xichong Formations in Zhanyi of Yunnan. ( 中 

文 ). 田家杰 ; 朱怀诚 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 

29(4): 311-316;322 

云南沾益龙华山剖面泥盆系龙华山组和 

西冲组上段含丰富的孢子化石 , 按某些重要 

孢子类群的数量变化关系和重要分子的发 

生、发展和消失情况 , 分为下部龙华山组的 

RP 孢子组合带和西冲组上段的 VM 孢子组 

合带。RP 组合带含有早泥盆世典型分子 , 

VM 组合带含有吉维期 (Givetian) 晚期才在 

国内外出现的典型分子。结合其他门类化 

石研究 , 认为龙华山组的地质时代为泥盆纪 

布拉格期 (Pragian) 中期至埃姆斯期 (Emsian) 

早期 , 西冲组上段为吉维期 (Givetian) 晚期 , 

可能包括弗拉斯期 (Frasnian) 早期。当前研 

究还揭示 , 滇东在吉维期 (Givetian) 晚期 

Cyrtospora cristifer 已经丰富 , 较国内外其他 

地区该类孢子出现的时代 ( 最早为弗拉斯期 

晚期 ) 明显要早 , 据此提出了滇东可能是 

Cyrtospora cristifer 的发源地。 

2006020117 

黑龙江孙吴 — 嘉荫盆地白垩纪孢粉组合及 

地层划分对比 = Cretaceous sporo-pollen 

assemblages in Sunwu-Jiayin Basin and their 

stratigraphic significance. ( 中文 ). 郑玉龙 ; 刘 

文龙 ; 乔秀云 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 342- 

347 

39

黑龙江孙吴 — 嘉荫盆地内两口地质探井 

获得的 135 块孢粉样品中含有孢粉化石 87 

属 , 这些孢粉化石可以划分为 4 个孢粉组合 , 

根据组合特征 , 这 4 个孢粉组合的地质时代 

分别为早白垩世凡兰吟期 — 欧特里沃期、 

阿尔必期 , 晚白垩世桑顿期 — 坎潘期、马斯 

特里赫特期 , 同时含这些孢粉化石的相关的 

白垩纪地层可以相应划分为下白垩统宁远 

村组、淘淇河组、上白垩统太平林场组和 

富饶组。这一研究为重新认识和建立孙 

吴 — 嘉荫盆地的地层层序提供重要的古生 

物依据。 

2006020118 

浙江长兴煤山 D 剖面早三叠世孢粉组合及 

全球对比意义 = Palynological assemblage in 

Section D of Meishan, Changxing, Zhejiang 

and Its Significance of global correlation ). 

( 中文 ). 张克信 ; 喻建新 ; 林启祥 ; 经雅丽 ; 陈斌 . 

地球科学 - 中国地质大学学报 , 2004, 29(3): 

3 1 图版 . 

在长兴煤山 D 剖面下三叠统殷坑组 14 m 

厚的地层内 ( 第 25-60 层 ) 密集采孢粉样 89 

件 , 从 12 块样品中获得孢粉化石 47 属 50 

种 , 据此将该剖面下三叠统底部的孢粉组合 

定为 Lundbladispora-Taeniaesporites- 

Equisetosporites 组合 . 组合中裸子植物花粉 

占优势 , 为 59.0%~79.6%; 蕨类植物孢子次 

之 , 为 20.4%~41.0%; 裸子植物花粉中以无 

肋双气囊类花粉为主 , 含量为 19.7% ~ 

54.4%, 多沟类花粉虽仅见 Equisetosporites 

一属 , 但含量高 , 最高达 24.3%. 蕨类植物孢 

子中光面三缝孢类含量最高 , 为 14.3%~ 

24.4%, 以圆形的 Puncatisporites 为主 , 最高 

可达 16.2%. 孢粉组合 Lundbladispora- 

Taeniaesporites-Equisetosporites 与同一剖面 

的早三叠世牙形石第 2 带 Isarcicella 

isarcica 带及第 3 带 Clarkina carinata-C. 

planata 带相重合 . 这对当前正在进行的陆相 

二叠系 - 三叠系界线的准确划分提供了重要 

的参照系 . 研究还表明 , 煤山 D 剖面早三叠 

世早期的孢粉组合与中国北方区的早三叠 

世同期的孢粉组合对比较为困难 , 而与华南 

各地的对比较为吻合 , 说明中国南、北方古 

生代孢粉组合向中生代孢粉组合转变的时 

间并不一致 , 北方较早 , 南方较晚 . 

2006020119 

孢粉学对法国西南部夏朗德阿尔布阶 - 塞诺 

曼阶古环境再造的作用 = Palynological 

contributions for the palaeoenvironmental 

reconstruction of the Albo-Cenomanian from 

the Charentes (SW France). ( 法文 ). Peyrot D; 

Jolly D; Barrón E. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 42(1-2): 151-165 

The Albo-Cenomanian deposits from the 

Charentes region (SW France) are 

characterized by the strong development of 

brackish and estuarine facies with 

amberiferous lignitic clays and sands. These 

facies, which occur in six localities previously 

studied from a sedimentological and 

macropalaeontological point of view, exhibit 

well-preserved palynological assemblages. 

The studied samples have yielded assemblages 

dominated by pollen grains of conifers of the 

genera Araucariacites, Classopollis and 

Inaperturopollenites, as well as fern spores of 

Gleicheniaceae and Schizaeaceae. The 

presence of pollen grains of primitive 

angiosperms is remarkable in Upper Albian 

and Lower Cenomanian samples. Furthermore, 

genus Complexiopollis, which belongs to the 

Normapolles Group, has been identified in the 

Upper Cenomanian sample. The picture of the 

vegetation of the Charentes was determined 

by two types of coniferous forests. On the one 

hand, the coastal areas were inhabited by 

xerophytic trees belonging to the 

Cheirolepidiaceae, with a rich undergrow 

constituted by bennettitales, cycads and ferns 

of the families Gleicheniaceae and 

Schizaeaceae. On the other hand, open 

formations of Araucariaceae and Cupressaceae 

developed in wetter places presenting an 

understory mainly integrated by ferns. A third 

plant community composed of ginkgoales in 

association with primitive angiosperms could 

develop in riparian places. The studied 

palynoflora has similarities with other ones 

from Provence, Vendée, Aquitaine, and Sarthe. 

This study presents the first reconstruction of 

palaeovegetation biodiversity and changes 

between the Uppermost Albian and the basal 

Upper Cenomanian in the Charentes (SW 

France). 

2006020120 

全新世以来岱海盆地植被演替和气候变化 

的孢粉学证据 = Pollen evidence of 

vegetation and climate changes in Daihai Lake 

Area during the Holocene. ( 中文 ). 许清海 ; 肖 

举乐 ; 中村俊夫 ; 阳小兰 ; 郑振华 ; 梁文栋 ; 李月 

丛 ; 井内美郎 . 地层学杂志 , 2004, 26(1): 73- 

80 

岱海盆地 99A 孔 11.01m 以上地层较高 

分辨率的孢粉分析揭示了该区 12 000 cal a 

40

BP 以来的植被演替和气候变化 . 早全新世 

时期 , 岱海盆地受冬季风影响强烈 , 气候 

波动以冷湿、暖干为主 ,12 000~11 000 

cal a BP 为以白桦林为主的森林草原植被 , 

气候寒凉湿润 ;11 000~7 900 cal a BP 白 

桦林退缩 , 气候温干 ; 中全新世时 , 主要 

受控于夏季风影响下 , 气候波动以冷干、 

暖湿为主 ,7 900~4 450 cal a BP 是岱海盆 

地森林植被发育最好的时期 , 气候温暖湿 

润 ,4 450~2 900 cal a BP 森林开始退缩 , 

气候温干 :2 900~0 cal a BP 在气候蛮凉干 

和人类活动的影响下 , 森林植被几近消 

失 . 

2006020121 

孢粉记录揭示的 4 000 a BP 来乌鲁木齐河 

源区气候环境变化 = Climate and 

environment changes inferred from pollen 

records since 4000 a BP in the headwaters of 

the Urumqi River.Tiahshan. ( 中文 ). 鞠远江 ; 

刘耕年 . 地学前缘 , 2004, 26(2): 166-170 

对乌鲁木齐河源大西沟气象站附近热融 

塌陷剖面的分析 , 重建了该区 4 000 aBP 以 

来的气候演变序列 . 结果表明 : 近 4 000 a 

BP 以来乌鲁木齐河源区气候经历了多次干 

湿变化 , 即 4 000~3 630 a BP 为干暖期 ,3 

630~2 270 a BP 为凉湿冷湿期 ,2 270~2 

100 a BP 为干暖期 ,2 100~1 310 a BP 干暖 

转化为暖湿期 ,1 310~1 100 a BP 为干暖 

期 ,1 100 a BP 至今是凉湿冷湿期 . 发现本 

区气候具有典型的西风带影响下的变化特 

征 , 遵循暖干同期、冷湿同期的规律 ; 部 

分层位反映的暖湿气候说明东亚季风强盛 

时期 , 可以深入到乌鲁木齐河源地区 . 

2006020122 

印度西孟加拉地下沉积中的渐新世 - 中新世 

孢粉 = Oligocene-Miocene palynomorphs 

from subsurface sediments, West Bengal, 

India. ( 英文 ). Mandal J, Vijaya M. 

Alcheringa, 2004, 28(2): 493-503 

Palynological studies of Cenozoic 

sediments from borehole PGD-1A in the 

easternmost extension of the Damodar Basin, 

West Bengal, India, provide important new 

palynological data from this basin, where 

previous data are rare. The palynoassemblage 

includes Striatriletes, Crassoretitriletes, 

Bacutriporites, 

Cauveripollis, 

Cheilanthoidspora, Palaeoma/vaceaepollis, 

Tricollareporites, Pinuspollenites and 

Tsugaepollenites which suggest a late 

Oligocene - early Miocene age. Dinocyst 

genera such as Selenopemphix, 

Tuberculodinium, Hystrichokolpoma and 

Thalasiphora, recorded from the borehole, 

also support this age assignment. The 

assemblage indicates a tropical to subtropical 

humid climate with high rainfall. Deposition 

of the studied strata took place in a delta under 

shallow marine influence; this is the first 

evidence that a marine transgression extended 

into the Damodar Basin and that mangrove 

forest developed in the area. 

2006020123 

意大利圣雷莫 Via Aurelia 马顿纳迪阿玛 : 

高卢罗马人住所的花粉分析 = Madonna 

dell’Arma (Via Aurelia, San Remo, Italy): 

pollen analysis of the Gallo-roman house. ( 英 

文 ). Kaniewski D; Renault-Miskovsky J; de 

Lumley H. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 

3(1): 53-63 

This study presents a short local vegetation 

history of western Liguria, northwest Italy, 

based on pollen analysis of a 180-cm-long 

archaeological sediment profile. This study 

also provides a theoretical pattern of 

vegetation terracing in Liguria during the 

Gallo-Roman period. Statistical analyses were 

applied to determine vegetation groups and 

their terracing on Mediterranean belts 

according to the soil diversity. The pollen 

analysis of Madonna dell’Arma Gallo-roman 

house’s surroundings provides a local picture 

of the vegetation during the Empire period. 

The hypotheses on climate relate a dryness 

coastal zone. The profile could be integrated 

between the first and third century AD. 

2006020124 

中欧中始新世海岸沼泽的孢粉和古生态 : 

下萨克森 Helmstedt 露天煤矿中的 

Wulfersdorf 缝隙群 = Palynology and 

palaeoecology of a coastal swamp from the 

Middle Eocene of central Europe - The 

Wulfersdorf seam group from the open cast 

mine Helmstedt, Lower Saxony. ( 德文 ). Lenz 

O K. Palaeontographica Abt.B, 2005, 271(1- 

6): 1-157 

182 taxa of spores, pollen plankton are 

described in a systematic chapter and figured 

on 14 plates. the results of quantitative 

analysis and the distribution of palynomorphs 

are presented in 12 high-resolution pollen 

diagrams from different sections of the 

lingnite bearing succession. The Middle 

Eocene coastal plain vegetation in the 

Helmstedt area was characterized by a clear 

41

zonation in response to the proximity of the 

coast and exposure to salt-water. Thus, 

variations in composition of palynomorph 

assemblages are controlled by shifts of 

environment and facies rather than climatic 

effects. The main peat forming vegetation was 

a mire forest dominated by Fagaceae and 

associated with Myricaceae, Juglandaceae, 

Aquifoliaceae and Nyssaceae. This occured an 

alternation with a Corylaceae dominated forest 

including Cyrillaceae and Sapotaceae. 

Ericaceae probably formed an understorey on 

nutrient deficient soils. 

2006020125 

徐州地区二叠纪孢粉组合特征 = Permian 

sporopollen assemblage characters in Xuzhou 

region. ( 中文 ). 徐晓琴 ; 高峰 ; 周国庆 ; 张谷春 . 

中国煤田地质 , 2004, 16(2): 7-9;70 1 图版 . 

徐州地区二叠纪地层连续 , 孢粉化石保存 

较好 , 依据孢粉组合特征将其划分为四个组 

合带 , 即 A、B、C、D 组合带 , 虽然其中的 

孢粉属种相对单调 , 但可与华北大部分地区 

及邻区对比 ; 此次研究的重要意义在于它是 

首次利用微体古生物方法划定研究区上石 

盒子组与石千峰组的界限 . 

2006020126 

宝清东升 5000 年以来花粉记录与气候波动 

的响应 = Palynological record of Dongsheng 

area, Baoqing since 5 000 a B. P. and its 

response to palaeoclimatic vibration. ( 中文 ). 

张淑芹 ; 邓伟 ; 闫敏华 . 吉林大学学报 ( 地球科 

学版 ), 2004, 34(3): 321-325 

根据宝清东升泥炭剖面的花粉记录及 

14 C 测年数据分析 , 划分出 3 个孢粉组合带 . 

BQ-1 组合 (3 700 aB.P. 以前 ) 以耐干旱的蒿 

属、藜科花粉高含量和喜湿的莎草科低含 

量为特征 , 针叶植物很少 , 气候温暖干旱 , 沼 

泽尚未形成 ; BQ-2 组合 ( 大约在 1 333~3 

700 aB.P. 时期 ) 以喜湿的莎草科含量明显增 

加和耐干旱的蒿属、藜科花粉含量明显减 

少为特征 , 针叶松及云、冷杉急剧增加 , 气 

候温凉湿 , 沼泽发育繁盛 ; BQ-3 组合 ( 大约 

在 1 333 aB.P. 至现在 ) 以喜湿的莎草科含量 

开始逐渐减少 , 耐干旱的蒿属花粉逐渐增加 

为特征 , 针叶松及云、冷杉继续增加 , 气候 

向冷干发展 , 沼泽逐渐萎缩 . 

2006020127 

瑞典南部上白垩统 Rossipollis reticulatus 

的微细构造 = Fine structure of Rossipollis 

reticulatus from the Upper Cretaceous of 

southern Sweden. ( 英文 ). Skarby A; Morbelli 

M A; Rowley J R. Canadian Journal of 

Botany, 2004, 82(7): 927-937 

Dispersed monosulcate pollen identified as 

Rossipollis reticulatus Ross and similar pollen 

in two pollen sacs from a single anther were 

recovered from Upper Cretaceous fluvial 

sediments in southern Sweden. In most pollen 

grains the wall consists of a foot layer, an 

inner solid reticulum, crowned by columellae, 

which appear as an infratectal reticulum, and a 

tectum with irregularly spaced fine 

perforations. An additional papillate innermost 

layer, interpreted as a transitory endexin, is 

present in some pollen grains. A 

monocotyledonous origin is indicated by the 

configuration of exine and aperture along with 

the presence of papillate endexine structures 

in grains considered to have aborted at earlier 

stages of development. 

2006020128 

西藏纳木错地区约 120ka BP 以来的古植 

被、古气候与湖面变化 = Palaeovegetation, 

palaeoclimate and lake-level chang since 120 

ka BP in Nam Co, central Xizang. ( 中文 ). 吴 

中海 ; 赵希涛 ; 吴珍汉 ; 周春景 ; 严富华 ; 麦学舜 ; 

朱大岗 . 地质学报 , 2004, 78(2): 242-252 

西藏纳木错湖相沉积的 U 系和 

14 C 测年 

结果表明 , 湖泊沿岸的 6 级湖岸阶地及拔 

湖约 48~139.2 m 的高位湖相沉积形成于约 

120 ka BP 以来的晚第四纪。本文根据该套 

湖相层的发育和其中的孢粉组合特征对纳 

木错地区约 120 ka BP 以来的湖面变化与古 

植被、古气候变迁进行了探讨。结果表 

明 , 纳木错地区晚更新世以来经历了频繁 

的湖面波动、气候的冷暖与干湿变化以及 

森林 - 草原与草原植被的交替演化。其总体 

特征是 : 约 115.9 ka BP 时 , 纳木错湖面最 

高。在 116~78 ka BP 期间 , 该区气候温和 

凉爽或温和偏湿 , 植被以疏林草原与森林 

草原或森林的交替出现为特征 , 湖面经历 

了较大幅度的波动 , 但基本保持在拔湖 

140~88 m 之间。在 78~53 ka BP 期间 , 

该区气候干冷 , 植被以疏林草原为主 , 湖 

面大幅度下降 , 并在拔湖约 36~48 m 之间 

波动。约 53~32 ka BP 期间 , 气候转为温 

暖偏湿或温暖湿润 , 湖面波动于拔湖约 

15~28 m 之间 , 波动较为频繁。与阶地的 

发育相对应 , 该时期内包含了 3 次明显的 

暖期和湖面波动过程 , 区域植被主要以 

松、蒿、桦为主 , 为含一定量的冷杉的森 

林。其中 36 ka BP 左右气候最温暖湿润 , 

42

区域内可能出现针叶林或针阔混交林。约 

32~12 ka BP 期间 , 该区气候最为干冷 , 

古植被以草原和疏林草原为主 , 湖面再次 

发生较大幅度的下降 , 最低可至拔湖约 8 

m 处 , 但通常维持在拔湖约 12~17 m 之 

间。约 11.8~4.2 ka BP 期间 , 气候整体较 

为暖湿 , 其中在约 8.4~4.2 ka BP 期间气候 

最温暖湿润 , 该区可能发育针叶林或针阔 

混交林 , 湖面波动于拔湖 2~9 m 之间 , 整 

体波动幅度较小 , 但波动最为频繁。区域 

气候对比发现 , 纳木错地区的冷、暖气候 

变化过程与整个青藏高原乃至北半球的气 

候变化基本是一致的 , 特别是阶地下切所 

反映的湖面退缩过程与北大西洋的 Henrich 

冷事件之间具有很好的对应关系。 

2006020129 

山东聊城地区中新世生物地层学研究 = A 

study on Miocene biostratigarphy in 

Liaocheng,NW Shandong. ( 中文 ). 赵秀丽 ; 张 

锡麒 ; 王明镇 . 地质学报 , 2004, 78(3): 296- 

301 

通过对山东聊城许营地区 Ⅱ 20 、Ⅶ 14 钻孔 

石炭一二叠系与第四系 ( 平原组 ) 之间新近纪 

地层中孢粉化石和介形虫化石研究 , 建立 

了一个 Magnastriatites-Ulmipollenites- 

Liquidambarpollenites 孢粉组合和一个 

Limnocnocythere gudaoensis-Cyprinotus 

(Heterocypris) formalis-Candona planus 介形 

虫组合。上述孢粉组合和介形虫组合经与 

山东北部、渤海海域、江苏北部、陕西渭 

河盆地、松辽盆地、东海陆架盆地龙井构 

造带等地新近纪地层对比 , 其地质时代应 

归属于新近纪中中新世。 

2006020130 

嘉荫盆地太平林场组巴尔姆孢 

(Balmeisporites) 的发现及其意义 = The 

discovery of Balmeisporites and its 

significance of Taipinglinchang Formation in 

Jiayin Basin,Heilongjiang. ( 中文 ). 万传彪 ; 刘 

本培 ; 乔秀云 ; 杨建国 ; 单玄龙 ; 任延广 . 地质学 

报 , 2004, 78(1): 1-8 1 图版 . 

2001 年在嘉荫盆地太平林场组暗色泥岩 

中 , 发现油气显示 , 是大庆油田外围探区 

中第二个重点勘探的盆地。本次工作在太 

平林场组的建组剖面下部泥岩中首次发现 

丰富的大孢子化石 — 巴尔姆孢 

(Balmeisporites), 见有 3 个种和 2 个未定 

种 , 其中新种 2 个 , 它们是 : 康氏巴尔姆 

孢 ( 比较种 )Balmeisporites cf.kondinskayae 

Srivastava et Binda 、嘉荫巴尔姆孢 ( 新 

种 )Balmeisporites jiayinensis sp.nov.、太平 

林场巴尔姆孢 ( 新种 )Balmeisporites 

taipinglinchangensis sp . nov .、巴尔姆 

孢 ?( 未定种 1)Balmeisporites ? sp.1、巴尔 

姆孢 ?( 未定种 2)Balmeisporites ? sp.2。这 

一发现丰富了太平林场组建组剖面的生物 

化石内容 , 对嘉荫盆地井下岩石地层单元 

与露头剖面的对比提供了重要依据 , 所发 

现的巴尔姆孢均是不具赤道突起的类型 , 

反映出典型晚白垩世的特征 , 本组产出的 

孢粉、介形类和叶肢介化石可与松辽盆地 

嫩江组对比 , 为晚白垩世桑顿期一坎潘 

期。巴尔姆孢指示的古气候应为潮湿的亚 

热带气候 , 产巴尔姆孢的层位所处的古环 

境应是河流入湖处的三角洲前缘或前三角 

洲的部位。 

2006020131 

阿根廷拉里奥哈省上石炭统 El 

Trampeadero 组孢粉 : 一种生物地层方法 

= Palynology of the El Trampeadero 

Formation (Upper Carboniferous), La Rioja 

Province, Argentina: a biostratigraphic 

approach. ( 英文 ). Gutierrez P R, Barreda V D. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 71-84 

A diverse and relatively well preserved 

palynological assemblage recovered from El 

Trampeadero Formation (Upper 

Carboniferous, Paganzo Basin) is here 

described. This assemblage is composed by 

elements of continental origin: woody 

particules, cuticules, spores, pollen grains and 

algae. The dominant spore species are 

Apiculiretusispora varioniata (Menendez and 

Azcuy) Menendez and Azcuy, Ahrensisporites 

cristatus Playford and Powis, 

Anpiculatisporites argentinensis Azcuy, 

Apiculatisporites variornatus di Pasquo et al., 

Convolutispora muriornata Menendez, 

Cordylosporites sp. cf. C. asperdictyus 

(Playford and Helby) Dino and Playford, 

Cristatisporites menendezii (Menendez and 

Azcuy) Playford, C. stellatus (Azcuy) 

Gutierrez and Limarino, Psomospora detecta 

Playford and Helby, Raistrickia sp. cf. R. 

accincta Playford and Helby, 

Reticulatisporites magnidictyus Playford and 

Helby, R. passapectus Ottone, 

Sphiozonotriletes hirsidus Azcuy, 

Verrucosisporites patelliformis (Menendez) 

Gutierrez and Cesari. Moreover, 

Dibolisporites disfacies Jones and Truswell 

was recorded for the first time for the Paganzo 

Basin. Monosaccate (Plicatipollenites spp., 

Cannanaropollis spp.) and bisaccate 

43

(Alisporites sp., Limitisporites sp.) pollen 

grains were also recognized for this unit. 

Considering the known chronostratigraphic 

ranges of some key species, a Late 

Carboniferous (late Namurian-Westplialian) 

age is here proposed for the El Trampeadero 

Formation. The abundance of palynomorphs 

with affinities to higro and hidrophitic plants 

(Lycophyta, Filicopsiclas) agree with the 

lacustrine environment suggested by 

sedimentological evidences. 

2006020132 

乌拉圭塞罗拉尔格地区 San Gregorio 组 

DCLS-24 钻井下二叠统孢粉。第一部分 : 

孢子、藻类、prasynophyceae 和疑源类 = 

Palynology of Lower Permian at the DCLS-24 

well (San Gregorio Formation), Cerro Largo 

department, Uruguay. Part 1: Spores, algae, 

Prasynophyceae, and acritarchs.. ( 其他 ). Beri 

A; Gutierrez P R; Cernuschi F; Balarino M L. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 227-244 

The palynological contents of four samples 

of the borehole DCLS24 (made by 

DINAMIGE) are analysed. Their lithology 

consists of black laminated clay formed in a 

glacio-marine environment, assigned to the 

upper part of the San Gregorio Formation 

(Early Permian). The assemblages found are 

composed by spores, pollen grains, algae, 

acritarchs and some elements of uncertain 

affinities. In this contribution, 38 species of 

spores, six species of algae, one acritarch and 

two of uncertain affinities are described. The 

following species are mentioned for the first 

time for the Permian of Uruguay: Leiotriletes 

corius Kar and Bose, Brevitriletes; leptoacaina 

Jones and Truswell, B. parmatus (Balme and 

Hennelly) Backhouse, Grossusporites 

microgranulatus (Menendez and Azcuy) Perez 

Loinaze and Cesari, Lundbladispora areolata 

Cesari, Archangelsky and Seoane, 

Cristatisporites menendezii (Menendez and 

Azcuy) Playford, C. chancoparanaensis 

Ottone, Pilasporites sp. B Stephenson and 

Osterloff, and Brazilea plurigenus (Balme and 

Hennelly) Foster. 

2006020133 

阿根廷门多萨卡谢塔山南部三叠纪 

Potrerillos 组和卡谢塔山组微植物群研究 

第二部分 = Microfloristic study of the 

Potrerillos and Cacheuta Formations (Triassic), 

south of Cacheuta Hill, Mendoza, Argentina. 

Part 2. ( 其他 ). Zavattieri A M; Rojo L D. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 513-534 

The Triassic continental sequences exposed 

at two sections south of cerro Cacheuta, 

Cuyana Basin, contain diverse microfloristic 

assemblages from the Potrerillos and Cacheuta 

Formations. In this second part, 43 species of 

gymnospermous pollen grains are listed and 

illustrated. Ten species belonging to the 

genera Bracliysaccus, Podocarpidites, 

Litnatisporites, Protohaploxypinus, 

Steevsipollenites, Striatoabieites, Peroaletes 

and Cycadopites are new records for 

Argentina. Abundant freshwater green algae 

communities are also present in both units, 

included members of Chlorococcales from 

Botryococcaceae, Hydrodictyaceae and 

Zygnemataceae. Ploesiodictyon mosellamon 

Wille is first recorded in Cuyana Basin. 

Peltacystia and Ovoidites are new genera for 

the Argentinian Triassic. A complete list of 

microfloristic taxa distributed in both 

formations is presented, stratigraphically 

relocating those of the "Minas de Petroleo 

Beds" previously known microflora. Highly 

diverse gymnospermous pollen grains 

dominate the assemblages and are compared 

with the known gymnospermopsida 

components of the megaflora. Quantitative 

features within the microfloral successions 

appear to reflect environmental shifts 

associated with the evolution of the coal and 

clastic facies through the Triassic local 

deposition. Therefore, it is suggested that the 

microfloras are facies-controlled and they 

reflect elements of basically contemporary 

floras. The chronostratigraphic distribution of 

selected species and cosmopolitan Triassic 

elements support an Early Late Triassic age 

for the studied microfloras. In terms of the 

known Gondwanan Triassic 

palynostratigraphy, the microfloras of the 

Cacheuta sections can be correlated to Ipswich 

Microflora. They represent floral communities 

of temperate to warm temperate climate, 

highly seasonal and locally humid. 

2006020134 

墨西哥南部普埃布拉古近纪 Cuayuca 组孢 

粉组合。第一部分 : 三缝孢、单缝孢和裸 

子植物花粉 = Palynomorph assemblages of 

the Cuayuca Formation (Paleogene), Puebla, 

southern Mexico. Part 1: trilete spores, 

monolete spores and gymnosperm pollen. ( 英 

文 ). Ramirez-Arriaga E; Martinez-Hernandez 

E; Pramparo M B. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 

567-578 

This publication presents the systematics of 

monolete and trilete spores, and polyplicate, 

44

in-aperturate and bisaccate pollen grains 

recovered from outcrops of the Cuayuca 

Formation, State of Puebla, southern Mexico. 

Species belonging to the following genera are 

described and illustrated: Cicatricosisporites, 

Deltoidospora, Foveotriletes, Leptolepidites, 

Litsatisporis, Retitriletes, Stereigranisporis, 

Verrucingulatisporites, Polypodiisporites, 

Pinuspollenites, Pityosporites, Ephedripites, 

and Cupressacites. Pteridophytes and 

bryophytes spores constitute 13.5% of the 

assemblages and gymnosperms 7.3%. 

Angiosperms, to be discussed on later papers, 

dominate the assemblage. 

2006020135 

阿根廷圣克鲁斯省奥大拉尔盆地下白垩统 

Kachaike 组的孢粉 :II 孢子 = Palynology 

of the Kachaike Formation, Lower Cretaceous 

of the Austral Basin, Santa Cruz province. II. 

Spores. ( 其他 ). Archangelsky A, Llorens M. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 311-328 

Trilete apiculate, perisporate, tricrassati and 

dispersed monolete spores, as well as a 

cingulate spore, Foraminisporis asymmetricus 

(Cookson y Dettmann) Dettmann and a zonate 

spore, Triporoletes reticulatus (Pocock) 

Playford from the Kachaike Formation, Lower 

Cretaceous from Santa Cruz province are 

systematically described. Four new species: 

Baculatisporites kachaikensis Llorens y A. 

Archangelsky, Nodosisporites macrobaculatus 

A. Archangelsky y Llorens, Gleicheniidites 

serratus A. Archangelsky y Llorens and 

Crybelosporites australis A. Archangelsky y 

Llorens are described and one species, 

Pilosisporites vents Delcourt y Sprumont 

(1955) Llorens y A. Archangelsky is emended. 

Concavissimisporites verrucosus Delcourt y 

Sprumont and Nodosisporitcs creninmrus 

(Srivastava) Davies are mentioned for the first 

time for Argentina. 

2006020136 

阿根廷西部里奥布兰卡盆地下石炭统地层 

中的一些三缝孢 = Some trilete spores from 

Lower Carboniferous strata of the Rio Blanco 

Basin, western Argentina. ( 英文 ). Loinaze VP. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 481-488 

A new miospore genus Ditctilispora is 

described to accommodate simple acamerate 

miospores, which have a distal ornament of 

folds like muri or thickenings. Five new 

species of trilete spores are defined: D. 

circularis sp. nov., D. longitudinalis sp. nov., 

D. corrugatus sp. nov., Verrucosisporites 

cortaderensis sp. nov., Dibolisporites 

malimanensis sp. nov. and Indotriradites 

variabilis sp. nov. The specimens have been 

recovered from the Maliman and the 

Cortaderas Formations (Early Carboniferous), 

in La Cortadera creek, San Juan province, 

Argentina. 

2006020137 

阿根廷门多萨卡丘塔山南部三叠纪 

Potrerillos 组和卡丘塔组微植物群研究第 

一部分 = Microfloristic study of the 

Potrerillos and Cacheuta formations (Triasico) 

southern Cacheuta Hill, Mendoza, Argentina. 

Part 1. ( 英文 ). Rojo L D; Zavattieri A M. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 3-20 

At two outcropping sections, south of the 

Cacheuta hill, Mendoza province, in the 

Triassic clastic sediments of the Potrerillos 

and Cacheuta formations, 85 species of spores, 

pollen grains and chlorococcales algae were 

identified. In this first part the geologic 

context is briefly considered and the 

continental 

fluvial/lacustrine 

paleoenvironmental interpretation for both 

units is based on earlier sedimentologic study. 

The stratigraphic position of the classic plant 

levels and previously known microfossil flora 

from the "Minas de Petroleo", Cacheuta hill, is 

analized and relocated. In this first 

contribution thirty eight species of bryophyte 

and ptericlophyte spores from both 

palynofloras are listed and illustrated, from 

which those species registered for the first 

time for both formations and for the Triassic 

of Argentina and those of chronostratigraphic 

importance are described systematicaly. Ten 

species belonging to the genera 

Anapicidatisporites, 

Antulsporites, 

Clavatisporites, Densoisporites, Foveosporites, 

Matonisporites, Neoraistrickia, Raistrickia, 

Rugulatisporites and Uvaesporites are new 

records for the Triassic of the Cuyo Basin. The 

known botanical affinities of the miospores 

are presented and compared with the local 

megaflora species. The taxonomic diversity is 

represented by 38 species of spores versus 13 

species of bryophyte and pteridophvte plant 

remains known from the megaflora, thus the 

microfloristic biodiversity is larger than the 

megafloristic one. 

2006020138 

阿根廷内乌肯盆地中侏罗世库约群 Los 

Molles 组孢粉分析 = Palynological analysis 

of the Los Molles Formation, Cuyo Group, 

Middle Jurassic of the Neuquen Basin, 

45

Argentina. ( 其他 ). Martinez M A; 

Quattrocchio M E; Pramparo M B. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 67-92 

Sporomorphs and paleomicroplankton 

identified from the Middle Jurassic, Los 

Molles Formation, Cuyo Group, are described 

and illustrated in this contribution. The 

palynomorphs were recovered from three of 

the five sampled surface sections (Lohan 

Mahuida, Puente Picun Leufu, Puesto Policia, 

Los Molles and Cerro Lotena) located near 

Zapala city, Neuquen Basin, Argentina. The 

studied microfloras include 50 species of 

sporomorphs (20 spores and -30 pollen grains) 

and 31 species of paleomicroplankton (9 green 

algae, two dinoflagellate cysts and 20 

acritarchs). Specimens belonging to the genera 

Divisisporites, Callialaspo rites, Monosillcitcs 

and one spore gen. et sp. indet. are described. 

Systematics include prasinophyte of the 

genera Cymatiosphaera, Pleurozonaria and 

Tasinnintes. Also included are acritarchs of 

the genera Baltisphaeridiuni, Filispliaeridium, 

Micrhystridium, Leiosphaeridia, Polygonium 

and Veryhachium. The new combination 

Cymatiosphaera volkheimerii (Quattrocchio) 

is proposed. The occurrence of the acritarchs 

Filisphaeridium balmei (Sarjeant) Sarjeant and 

Stancliffe, F. castaninuin (Valensi) Sarjeant 

and Stancliffe, F. densispinum (Valensi) 

Sarjeant and Stancliffe and Verylinchilon 

valensii (Valensi) Downie and Sarjeant is 

mentioned for the first time in the Neuquen 

Basin. The studied palynofloras are correlated 

with the Biozone of Callialasporites 

"complex" (Sub-biozone of Callialasporites 

trilobatus (Balme) Dev, Antulsporites snevus 

(Balme) Archangelsky and Gamerro and 

Klukisporites labiatus (Volkheimer) Baldoni 

and Archangelsky) previously proposed for 

this area of the Neuquen Basin. A Late 

Aalenian - Early Bajocian age is suggested for 

the studied sections. 

疑源类 

2006020139 

淮南地区新元古代九里桥组的疑源类化石 

组合及其生物地层学意义 = Acritarchs from 

the Neoproterozoic Jiuliqiao Formation, 

Huainan region, and their biostratigraphic 

significance. ( 中文 ). 洪天求 ; 贾志海 ; 尹磊明 ; 

郑文武 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 377-387 2 

图版 . 

淮南地区新元古代九里桥组主要由砂质 

和泥质灰岩、叠层石灰岩以及白云质灰岩 

组成 , 含有著名的 “ 淮南生物群 ” 的重要分 

子。研究采用浸解法在该组碳酸盐岩中发 

现了大量的疑源类化石 , 它们以球形亚类为 

主 , 在组合面貌上继承了其下伏刘老碑组的 

疑源类组合特征。但化石个体较大 , 多细胞 

植物碎片含量明显增加 , 化石在不同层位的 

分布不均匀是九里桥组疑源类组合的显著 

特征。另外在该组中还发现了一些新的疑 

源类化石如 : Bailikania diligena,? 

Lomentunella vaginata Hermann。文中还对 

九里桥组的凝源类组合与宏体化石、叠层 

石礁体的发育之间的关系等进行了探讨。 

2006020140 

陡山陀燧石结核 ( 新元古代 : 长江三峡 , 

华南 ) 中的新多细胞化石藻类和疑源类 = 

New multicellular Algal fossils and Acritarchs 

in Doushantuo chert nodules (Neoproterozoic; 

Yangtze Gorges, South China). ( 英文 ). Xiao 

Shuhai. Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 78(2): 

393–401 2 图版 . 

2006020141 

贵州瓮安陡山沱组磷块岩中疑源类化石壳 

壁超微结构 = Wall ultrastructure of an 

phosphatized acritarch from Doushantuo 

phosphorite in the Weng'an area, 

Guizhou,South China. ( 中文 ). 陈多福 ; 陈先沛 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2004, 21(1): 32-36 

未经化学处理的原始岩石样品的扫描电 

镜观察 , 确定了瓮安陡山沱组型刺饰疑源 

类 Meghystri chospaeridium chadianensis 的 

微结构特征。磷酸盐化疑源类化石由表面 

棘刺和球体组成 , 球体分为壳壁和腔体二 

部分。球体壳壁具黑色外层和白色内层的 

多层结构。棘刺具有与球体相似的多层状 

的壳壁和腔体。首次发现了发育于球体表 

面和体壳壁内部的网格超微结构。球体的 

腔体内存在的残余有机质。 

2006020142 

贵州桐梓红花园奥陶系湄潭组疑源类生物 

地层 = Ordovician biostratigraphy of 

acritarchs from the Meitan Formation of 

Honghuayuan section, Tongzi, Guizhou, 

Southwest China. ( 中文 ). 燕夔 ; 李军 . 地层学 

杂志 , 2005, 29(3): 236-256 2 图版 . 

桐梓红花园剖面奥陶纪地层出露完整 , 化 

石丰富 , 层序清楚。该剖面湄潭组 5 个笔石 

带中有疑源类化石 31 属 49 种 , 根据其组成 

和相对丰度不同划分为 5 个疑源类组合带 : 

组合带 Ⅰ 的属、种较为单调 , 且丰度不高 ; 

组合带 Ⅱ 中 Polygonium 占优势 , 伴有 

46

Arbusculidium; 组合带 Ⅲ 以大量 

Stelliferidium 的出现为特征 ; 组合带 Ⅳ 与组 

合带 Ⅱ 相似 ; 组合带 Ⅴ 中 Leiosphaeridia 的 

含量比 Polygonium 高 , 产特征分子 

Coryphidium elegans。桐梓红花园湄潭组疑 

源类组合与中欧、北非、中东、南亚、北 

美纽芬兰东部、南美等环冈瓦纳地区同期 

疑源类组合相似 , 证实华南地区属于环冈瓦 

纳疑源类古地理分区。部分奥陶纪疑源类 

分子 , 如 Ampullula erchunensis、Arkonia、 

Dicrodiacrodium 和 Leprotolypa evexa 等在 

桐梓红花园剖面的首现 (FAD) 较全球其他地 

区早。 

2006020143 

蓟县高于庄组燧石中原位保存的单细胞微 

体化石新类型 = A new type of primary 

unicellular microfossils from the chert of the 

Gaoyuzhuang Formation in Jixian County, 

Tianjin. ( 中文 ). 曹芳 . 地球学报 - 中国地质科 

学院院报 , 2005, 26(6): 547-552 

本文描述的化石产自天津市蓟县中、新 

元古界剖面长城系高于庄组 ( 小红峪沟 ) 

一段 , 即官地亚组燧石条带中。其基本外 

形为两端浑圆的橡皮艇状 , 沿长轴方向具 

有一个贯通化石体的纵向开口 , 开口的大 

小约占标本宽度的 1/3, 以开口为界 , 化 

石体具有两侧对称特征。该类形态化石在 

蓟县剖面的报道尚属首次。文中就化石体 

的基本形态特征及产出特点与国内外相关 

化石进行了详细对比。另据标本所显示的 

规则的开口结构 , 推测其可能具有释放内 

生孢子的功能 , 因此视其为可能的真核生 

物。此外 , 笔者还就该层位化石种类单 

调 , 个体微小 (8~17μm) 等特征 , 结合 

官地亚组的沉积特点 , 探讨了化石的形成 

环境。 

牙形石 

2006020144 

陕西凤县熊家山界河街组早石炭世牙形刺 

动物群 ( 英文 ) = Lower Carboniferous 

conodont faunas from the Jiehejie Formation 

of the Xiongjiashan in Fengxian County, 

Shaanxi, China. ( 中文 ). 王平 ; 王成源 . 古生物 

学报 , 2005, 44(3): 358-375 5 图版 . 

首次描述并图示了位于华北地台和华南 

地台之间的秦岭山脉中的早石炭世杜内阶 

上部的牙形刺。这一牙形刺动物群与欧洲 

杜内阶的牙形刺动物群非常相似。文中描 

述了两个新种 :Pseudopolygnathus nodosus 

sp .nov. 和 Pseudopolygnathus 

paramultistriatus sp. nov. 

2006020145 

韩国江原道省增叁晚寒武世牙形类 = Late 

Cambrian conodonts from Cheungsan, 

Kangwon Province, Korea. ( 英文 ). Lee B S. 

Alcheringa, 2004, 28(1): 53-64 

Conodonts from 20 samples, collected from 

two measured sections in the Late Cambrian 

Hwajeol Formation in the Cheungsan area, 

Jeongseon-gun, Kangwon Province, Korea, 

are classified into 27 species and 18 genera by 

both multielement and form taxonomies. Five 

conodont biozones are recognized in the 

formation: Proconodontus, Eoconodontus 

notchpeakensis, Cambrooistodus minutus, 

Cordylodus proavus and Fryxellodontus 

inornatus-Monocostodus sevierensis- 

Semiacontiodus lavadamensis Zones in 

ascending stratigraphic order. These zones are 

correlatable with equivalents in other areas 

including the Paekunsan syncline of Korea, 

North China, Iran, Australia and North 

America. 

Author Keywords: conodonts; biostratigraphy; 

Late Cambrian; Hwajeol Formation; South 

Korea 

2006020146 

牙形石的分离方法简介 = Summary of 

approaches for conodont separation. ( 中文 ). 

江海水 ; 罗根明 ; 赖旭龙 . 地质科技情 

报 , 2004, 23(4): 109 

在简述牙形石的一般分离方法的基础上 , 

重点介绍了用三溴甲烷和丙酮配制的重液 

来分离牙形石的实验装置、操作流程、注 

意事项以及重液的回收再利用 ; 建议将重液 

的密度配制为 2.80~2.81 g/mL, 这样可有效 

地分离出牙形石 , 采用自然蒸发法回收重液 , 

处理 50 g 样品仅损耗 5 mL 的重液 ; 对几种 

国际上曾经或正在使用的杜列液、M-45 及 

多钨酸钠等重液的优缺点进行了简要阐述 . 

2006020147 

鄂西恩施猫儿山二叠纪茅口组的牙形石 = 

The "Maokou" Formation conodonts from 

Maoershan section in Enshi, the west of Hubei 

Province. ( 中文 ). 张丽丽 ; 张宁 ; 夏文臣 . 现代 

地质 , 2004, 18(3): 297-304 3 图版 . 

对湖北省恩施市至利川市的 318 国道旁 

猫儿山村的茅口组中上部地层进行了系统 

采样和详细研究 , 结果表明 : 茅口组顶部至少 

包括 3 个牙形石带 , 自下而上依次为 

47

Mesogondolella prexuanhanensis 带、 

Mesogondolella xuanhanensis 带和 

Mesogondolela granti 带 , 并且前两个牙形石 

带可以和四川宣汉渡口剖面相应的牙形石 

带进行对比 . 该剖面出现了 M. granti 带 , 而且 

其时限较长 , 充分说明了扬子地台二叠纪茅 

口期牙形石生物地层的连续性 , 同时也为研 

究鄂西地区二叠系生物地层提供了新的资 

料 . 

2006020148 

库山河组牙形石化石的发现及其意义 = The 

discovery of conodonts fossils in Kushanhe 

Formation and its stratigraphic significance. 

( 中文 ). 张建东 ; 朱志新 . 海洋学报 , 2004, 

22(2): 160-163 

依据英吉沙县卡拉巴西塔克山新发现的 

牙形石化石 , 结合所发现的腕足、珊瑚等化 

石 , 认为库山河组的时代为晚泥盆世法门阶 

中晚期 . 其生物群面貌与中国南部同期陆架 

相 ( 珊瑚 - 腕足相 ) 地层生物面貌相似 . 塔里木 

盆地西南缘泥盆 - 石炭系界线位于库山河组 

和克里塔克组之间 . 

2006020149 

华南石炭纪岩关 - 大塘界线期牙形石地层分 

带 = Conodont zonation in the Carboniferous 

Yanguanian-Datangian boundary in South 

China. ( 中文 ). 田树刚 ;M. 科恩 . 地质通 

报 , 2004, 23(8): 737-749 3 图版 . 

系统采集不同沉积相区和连续沉积的剖 

面 , 即浅海台地相广西柳江龙殿山剖面、台 

缘缓坡相云南施甸鱼硐剖面和台内盆地相 

广西柳州碰冲剖面 , 运用数理统计方法 , 研究 

了华南岩关 - 大塘界线过渡期牙形石的产出 

丰度和相分布 , 在恢复生物演化序列的基础 

上 , 对各剖面首先详细分带 , 再进一步综合成 

系统的 5 个牙形石带 , 即 Gnathodus typicus- 

G.cuneiformis 带、 Gnathodus typicus- 

Protognathodus cordiformis 带、 

Scaliognathus anchoralis-Gnathodus 

pseudosemiglaber 带、 Gnathodus 

praebilineatus 带和 Paragnathodus 

homopunctatus 带 . 以生物系统发生为标准 , 

严格限定各带的界线 , 并与北美、西欧同期 

地层进行精确对比 , 为建立杜内阶 - 维宪阶界 

线的全球层型 (GSSP) 提供可靠依据 . 

2006020150 

胡胡伊东方山脉 Angosto de Chucalezna, 下 

奥陶统鲁帕斯卡组牙形类 : 作为阿根廷西 

北部一个典型地区的新的生物地层证据 = 

Conodonts from the Rupasca Formation 

(Lower Ordovician) at Angosto de Chucalezna, 

Jujuy Oriental Cordillera: New 

biostratigraphical evidence for a classic 

locality of northwestern Argentina.. ( 其他 ). 

Albanesi G L; Acenolaza G F. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 295-310 

This contribution presents a detailed 

analysis of a conodont fauna from the Angosto 

de Chucalezna locality, at the Quebrada de 

Humahuaca, Cordillera Oriental of Jujuy 

province. At this locality, where the lower and 

middle parts of the Rupasca Formation crop 

out, the conodont bearer strata correspond to 

yellowish sandstones and shales. They 

integrate a grain and strata coarsening 

upwards highly fossiliferous sequence 

deposited on a subtidal setting (shoreface 

transition / upper offshore). This sequence 

represents a characteristic interval in the 

Cordillera Oriental, and the microfossils were 

recovered from the interbedded polytaxic 

carbonate coquinas. Petrographic and 

taphonomic analyses are carried out on these 

storm generated rocks. Described taxa include 

Paltodus deltifer pristinus Viira and two new 

species: Drepanoistodus chucaleznensis n. sp. 

and Utahconus humahuacensis n. sp. The 

conodont fauna corresponds to the Paltodus 

deltifer Zone (Paltodus deltifer pristinus 

Subzone) of the Atlantic realm, which is early 

late Tremadocian in age. Finally, a 

paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographical 

evaluation of this new conodont association 

reveals a low diversity interval and suggests 

assignment to the Transitional faunal realm, 

which involves mixed faunas in middle 

latitudes. 

2006020151 

扬子克拉通早奥陶世古海水地球化学特 

征 : 来自牙形石微量元素的证据 = 

Geochemical characteristics of paleoseawater 

from the Early Ordovician of Yangtze Craton: 

Evidence from the trace elements in 

conodonts. ( 中文 ). 周炼 ; 胡兆初 ; 袁红林 ; 江海 

水 ; 刘金华 . 地球化学 , 2005, 34(3): 227-234 

利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱 (IA— 

ICPMS) 对扬子克拉通宜昌三峡地区早奥陶 

世不同时期海相碳酸盐岩地层中的牙形石 

个体进行了原位分析 , 并与已发表的世界 

其他地区古海水的稀土元素 (REE) 组成进行 

了比较 , 利用 REE 和微量元素组成、δCe 

和 Sm/Nd 比值等地球化学指标恢复了该 

时期古海水的地球化学性质。结果表明 , 

该区早奥陶世牙形石的 REE 和微量元素地 

48

球化学异常与海平面的升降、古环境的变 

化有关联 , 与已有的古生物地层、古地理 

研究结果一致。因此 , 牙形石的 REE 和微 

量元素地球化学特征可以在古环境再造过 

程中发挥重要的作用。 

小壳化石 

2006020152 

湘西花垣中寒武统具表面装饰的管状微体 

化石 = Ornamented Tubes from Middle 

Cambrian of Huayuan,West Hunan China. 

( 中文 ). 朱才伐 ; 李国祥 ; 董熙平 . 北京大学学 

报 ( 自然科学版 ), 2004, 40(2): 193-202 

对采自湘西花垣县排碧剖面中寒武统花 

桥组灰岩中具表面装饰的磷灰石质管状化 

石 (ornamented tubes) 进行了研究 , 依据化石 

的壳面装饰特征 , 建立丁 3 个形态类型 : 

Ornamented Tube Form I,Ornamented Tube 

FormⅡ 和 Ornamented Tube Form Ⅲ。其中 

I 型壳体表面装饰有尖细的小刺 , 多数标本 

壳刺成行排列 , 行间存在宽约 0.01~ 

0.05 mm 的间隔 ;Ⅱ 型管体表面具有零散 

稀疏而不规则分布的斑疹状壳饰 , 壳体微 

微向外弯曲的一侧具有一列粗壮的呈锯齿 

状排列的脊刺 ;Ⅲ 型整个壳体表面布满圆 

形、卵圆形瘤状壳饰 , 壳饰中空 , 与壳体 

内腔相通 , 壳体微微向外弯曲的一侧具有 

一列粗壮的呈羽状排列的脊刺。从壳体形 

态、表面装饰特征分析 , 这类管状化石可 

能是节肢动物 ( 如高肌虫类 ) 生物体壳瓣上的 

前刺或背部的刺等管状硬体构造。 

2006020153 

贵州早寒武世早期黑色页岩中生物化石保 

存及生态学研究 = Fossil preservation and 

palaeoecological research in Early Cambrian 

black shale. ( 中文 ). 杨瑞东 ; 毛家仁 ; 张位华 ; 

姜立君 ; 高慧 . 沉积学报 , 2004, 22(4): 664- 

671 1 图版 . 

早寒武世早期黑色页岩中以前只发现少 

量的海绵骨针 , 但随着研究的深入 , 各类动物 

化石被发现 . 最近 , 贵州早寒武世早期黑色页 

岩中发现碳质和薄膜型化石 , 它们包括大量 

的简单线状遗迹、碳质膜状高肌虫、完整 

海绵动物、管虫、薄壳双壳动物、碳质膜 

状软舌螺以及一些圆形膜状化石等 . 通过对 

黑色页岩的粘土矿物定量和定性分析 , 结合 

地球化学特征 , 认为早寒武世早期小壳动物 

繁盛期之上有一个大型动物繁盛期 , 随后由 

于地壳拉张作用 , 大规模的海底热液和火山 

喷发作用的加强 , 海洋环境变成酸性环境 , 不 

利于生物生存 , 发生生物绝灭作用 , 随后海洋 

环境逐渐趋于碱性 , 大量的生物又开始繁 

盛。 

古植物学 

综论 

2006020154 

西伯利亚环北极东部末次冷期阶段暖夏的 

古植物学证据 = Palaeobotanical evidence for 

warm summers in the East Siberian Arctic 

during the last cold stage. ( 英文 ). Conedera 

M.; Krebs P.;Tinner W.; Pradella M.; Torriani 

D.. Quaternary Research, 2005, 63(3): 283- 

300 

Plant macrofossils from the “Mamontovy 

Khayata” permafrost sequence (71°60′N, 

129°25′E) on the Bykovsky Peninsula reflect 

climate and plant biodiversity in west Beringia 

during the last cold stage. 70 AMS and 20 

conventional 

14 C dates suggest sediment 

accumulation between about 60,000 and 7500 

14 C yr B.P. The plant remains prove that 

during the last cold-stage arctic species 

(Minuartia arctica, Draba spp., Kobresia 

myosuroides) coexisted with aquatic 

(Potamogeton vaginatus, Callitriche 

hermaphroditica), littoral (Ranunculus 

reptans, Rumex maritimus), meadow 

(Hordeum brevisubulatum, Puccinellia 

tenuiflora) and steppe taxa (Alyssum 

obovatum, Silene repens, Koeleria cristata, 

Linum perenne). The reconstructed vegetation 

composition is similar to modern vegetation 

mosaics in central and northeast Yakutian 

relict steppe areas. Thus, productive meadow 

and steppe communities played an important 

role in the Siberian Arctic vegetation during 

the late Pleistocene and could have served as 

food resource for large populations of 

herbivores. The floristic composition reflects 

an extremely continental, arid climate with 

winters colder and summers distinctly warmer 

than at present. Holocene macrofossil 

assemblages indicate a successive 

paludification possibly connected with marine 

transgression, increased oceanic influence and 

atmospheric humidity. Although some steppe 

taxa were still present in the early Holocene, 

they disappeared completely before 2900 14 C 

yr B.P. 

2006020155 

中国西南地区和印度东北地区第三纪植物 

群的比较及其对现生喜马拉亚植物区系古 

老性的意义 = Comparison of the Tertiary 

49

flora of southwest China and northeast India 

and its significance in the antiquity of the 

modern Himalayan flora. ( 英文 ). Mehrotra R 

C; Liu X-Q; Li C-S; Wang Y-F; Chauhan M S. 

Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 135(3-4): 145-163 

A comparison has been made between the 

Tertiary floras of southwest China and 

northeast India in order to trace the antiquity 

of the Chinese elements in the present 

Himalayan flora of northeast India. The fossil 

flora on either side of the border is quite 

different from each other as the Chinese flora 

is marked by temperate and sub-tropical 

elements, while that in northeast India was 

typically tropical during the Tertiary. The last 

major upheaval of the Himalayas, that had 

taken place during the Pleistocene, increased 

the height of the mountains too high to permit 

any migration of floral elements in the region 

during the interglacials. Therefore, a new 

route for the migration of Chinese elements 

into the Northeast Himalayas was formed and 

this is traced through Tibet and Kashmir on 

the basis of the fossil evidence occurring 

therein. 

2006020156 

湖北南漳地区晚震旦世高家山期微化石的 

新发现 — 兼论南江上升运动的地质意义 = 

Discovery of microfossils of the Late Sinian 

Gaojiashanian age in Nanzhang, Hubei 

Province, China with remarks on the 

geological significance of the Nanjiang Uplift 

Movement. ( 中文 ). 薛耀松 ; 周传明 ; 陈哲 . 微 

体古生物学报 , 2004, 21(1): 1-12 4 图版 . 

湖北南漳邓家崖一带 , 晚震旦世时位于 

扬子台地北缘 , 受到南江上升运动的影 

响 , 灯影组上、下段之间为一古喀斯特侵 

蚀面 , 灯影组下段上部地层剥蚀甚多。灯 

影组上段底部有厚 2m 左右的含磷地层 ( 相 

当于陕南的高家山段的一部分 ), 其中除了 

隐藻类磷块岩之外 , 还发现产有大量球状 

绿藻类化石 (Eosphaera gigantea sp. nov., 

Megasphaera inornata Chen et Liu 和 

Protosphaeridium sp.) 及似红藻石 , 并产有 

可能属于软体动物门的小壳化石 

(Nanzhanguncus delicatus gen. et. sp. nov.)。 

这些发现丰富了晚震旦世高家山期生物群 

的内容。南江上升运动在整个扬子区都有 

明显的影响 , 之后的海侵开始时 , 不仅有 

碎屑岩的沉积 , 并有磷质的输入和磷块岩 

的形成 , 它促使高家山生物群的繁盛 , 是 

灯影期沉积地层划分和对比的良好标志。 

根据这一标志及沉积区的横向追索 , 峡区 

的灯影组石板滩段是南江上升运动前的沉 

积地层 , 与蛤蟆井段之间的界线不是一个 

等时面。所以 , 西陵峡生物群和高家山生 

物群产出层位不是同期沉积。就目前材料 

看 , 震旦系建阶条件尚不成熟。 

2006020157 

精确重建古大气 CO2 浓度的气孔方法 = A 

stomatal approach for accurate reconstruction 

of palaeoatmospheric CO2 concentration. ( 中 

文 ). 解三平 ; 阎德飞 ; 韦利杰 ; 丛培允 ; 孙柏年 . 

古生物学报 , 2005, 44(3): 464-471 

为了更好地理解大气 CO 2 浓度与气候之 

间的耦合关系 , 维护自然与人类社会的可持 

续发展 , 精确重建古大气 CO 2 浓度的变化尤 

为重要。在众多研究古大气 CO 2 浓度的方 

法中 , 化石植物叶片气孔方法已被证明是一 

种比较精确和理想的方法。文章介绍了气 

孔方法恢复古大气 CO 2 浓度的概念、方法 

以及最新应用 , 用气孔比率法恢复了中国西 

北地区早、中侏罗世的大气 CO 2 浓度变 

化。其趋势为 : 从早侏罗世普林斯巴赫期 — 

中侏罗世阿林期 — 巴柔期 , 大气 CO 2 浓度先 

是下降 , 而后持续上升 , 整个时期的大气 CO 2 

浓度在 1000—1500 ppmv 之间 , 这种趋势与 

Berner 的碳平衡模型基本一致 , 并指出恢复 

的古大气 CO 2 浓度低于碳平衡模型值可能 

是由于海拔引起的。最后提出了几个方面 

的研究前景。 

2006020158 

评介 T.P. 琼斯和 N.P. 罗合编的《化石植物 

和孢粉的现代技术》 = Review of the book 

"Fossil plants and spores-mordern techniques". 

( 中文 ). 刘陆军 ; 姚兆奇 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 

44(3): 483-483 

英国威尔士加的夫大学地球科学系蒂姆 

P. 琼斯和法国蒙彼利埃大学古植物实验室 

尼克 P. 罗合编的《化石植物和孢粉的现代 

技术》[Jones, T.P. and Rowe, N.P. (eds.), 

1999. Fossil plants and spores: Modern 

techniques. Geological Society, London] 一 

书 , 可以说是近几十年来创新发展和经改 

进的 “ 古植物和孢粉研究方法和处理技术大 

全 ”。为了使国内广大读者能比较容易地见 

到此书 , 经版权所有者同意 , 中国科学院 

南京地质古生物研究所古植物学与孢粉学 

研究室、现代古生物学和地层学国家重点 

实验室组织有关的研究人员将它译成中 

文 , 即将正式出版。 

50

藻类 

2006020159 

塔里木盆地早寒武世灰泥丘孔洞中钙化红 

藻生殖器官化石的发现 = Calcareous 

reproductive organs in the micrite-mounds of 

the Lower Cambrian, Tarim Basin, Northwest 

China. ( 中文 ). 张宝民 ; 张水昌 ; 边立曾 ; 王大 

锐 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(4): 530-536 

2002 年 10 月 , 作者对塔里木盆地柯坪肖 

尔布拉克剖面下寒武统肖尔布拉克组碳酸 

盐岩进行了野外考察 , 之后进行了较为详细 

的室内薄片鉴定和岩石学、沉积学及古生 

物学研究 , 发现肖尔布拉克组碳酸盐岩为典 

型的灰泥丘建造。而且 , 在灰泥丘的孔洞方 

解石薄片中 , 发现这些孔洞是球状钙化红藻 

生殖器官化石 , 该球状红藻生殖器官具有托 

叶保护 , 托叶内发育囊果包被 , 囊果内发育有 

孢子囊群。将此化石命名为 

Calciumcarpium xiaolbulakeum gen. et sp. 

nov.。这一发现和认识 , 丰富了寒武纪藻类 

生物群的内容 , 明确了肖尔布拉克组灰泥丘 

中孔洞与红藻生殖器官之间的联系 , 在沉积 

学、古生物学研究上具有一定意义。 

2006020160 

南极新生代底栖硅藻的历史 = Cenozoic 

history of Antarctic benthic diatoms. ( 英文 ). 

Whitehead J M. Alcheringa, 2005, 29(1): 151- 

169 

Antarctic Cenozoic climate changes have 

influenced the development of the Southern 

Ocean benthic diatom flora. When Antarctica 

and South America., separated in the late 

Eocene (similar to 37 Ma), gave rise to the 

proto-Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), 

the environment gradually changed from 

temperate alpine glacial to subpolar with ice 

sheet development. By the early Oligocene 

(similar to 30 Ma), at least thirteen new 

benthic diatom genera had appeared in the 

Antarctica. Many of the genera probably 

migrated from lower latitudes (e.g. New 

Zealand) prior to the ACC becoming fully 

established (23 +/- 2.5 Ma), which increased 

the physical separation of Antarctica. Further 

migration may have occurred during later 

periods of climate warming, but the Cenozoic 

was generally a time of progressive climate 

cooling, and increased glaciation that may 

have caused diatom extinctions. Some genera 

became extinct during the late Pliocene and 

Pleistocene, for example, when glaciers 

covered much of the Antarctic continental 

shelf. Many of the benthic diatom genera now 

extinct in Antarctica still occur in ice-free 

environments at lower latitudes. Most extant 

benthic Antarctic diatom taxa are eurytopic 

and probably survived Cenozoic glaciations 

by either inhabiting sea-ice or becoming 

planktic, as sea-floor habitats were restricted. 

2006020161 

南海 ODP184 航次 1148 站位渐新世沟鞭藻 

生物地层 = Oilgocene dinoflagellate 

biostratigraphy in northern South China Sea, 

Site 1148 of ODP Leg 184. ( 中文 ). 李杰 ; 茅绍 

智 ; 吴国 ; 秦晓丹 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 

333-341 1 图版 . 

大洋钻探 184 航次 1148 站位从南海当前 

的深海陆坡区取得了距今 32.8Ma 以来的沉 

积纪录 , 其中渐新世 (32.8—23.8Ma) 沉积包含 

了丰富的沟鞭藻化石 , 通过定量和定性结合 

的分析方法对沟鞭藻进行了研究。依据可 

指示地层时代关键种的最高产出层位和沟 

鞭藻组合特征 , 建立了 1 个组合带和 2 个亚 

带 :Cleistosphaeridium diver-sispinosum 组合 

带 (A 带 )、Enneadocysta pectiniformis 亚带 

(A-1 亚带 ) 和 Cordosphaeridium gracile 亚带 

(A-2 亚带 ) 。由 Cl. diversispinosum 、 

Co.gracile 、 Hystrichokolpoma pusillum 和 

Homotryblium vallum 的最高产出层位标定 

A 带顶界 , 时代为渐新世 ; 据 Enneadocysta 

partridgei 和 E. pectiniformis 最高产出层位 

划分出 A-1 亚带和 A-2 亚带 ; 由 E. 

partridgei,E.pectiniformis 

和 

Phthanoperidinium amoenum 的生存时限可 

确定 A-1 亚带为早渐新世鲁培尔期 

(Rupelian); 由 Co.gracile,Distatodinium 

ellipticum, Wetzeliella articulata,W.gochtii 和 

W.symmetrica 等种的最高产出层位和分布 

时限可确定 A-2 亚带为晚渐新世夏特期 

(Chattian)。根据共存的沟鞭藻属种特征 , 新 

建立的化石带在不同程度上可与世界其他 

地区的同期沟鞭藻化石带或组合带进行对 

比 , 某些关键沟鞭藻种共存有助于确定化石 

带的年龄。 

2006020162 

南海北部大陆架琼东南盆地西南部新近纪 

沟鞭藻类 = Neogene dinoflagellates from the 

southwestern Qiong Dongnan Basin in the 

north continental shelf of the South China Sea. 

( 中文 ). 何承全 ; 祝幼华 ; 麦文 . 古生物学 

报 , 2005, 44(3): 376-395 4 图版 . 

首次报道的低纬度晚第三纪 ( 新近纪 ) 丰富 

多样的海相沟鞭藻类 , 产自南海北部大陆架 

51

琼东南盆地西南部的两钻孔 ( 主要是 Ya2112 

井 , 少量为 Ya2111 井 ), 经鉴定达 40 余种。 

文中仅对其中的 31 种 4 亚种进行了照相和 

对 15 种 2 亚种和 1 新种 (Impletosphaeridium 

capillare sp. nov.) 在我国进行了首次描述 ; 在 

新近系建立 2 个沟鞭藻组合 : 即 

Hystrichosphaeropsis obscura 组合 ( 下部 ) 和 

Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata- 

Polysphaeridium zoharyi 组合 ( 上部 ), 并讨论 

了它们的组合特征及其地质时代 , 认为其下 

部的组合时代为中新世 , 上部的组合时代为 

上新世。 

2006020163 

作为萨儿马特阶副特提斯地区环境演化记 

录的硅藻组合 = The diatom assemblages as 

environmental evolution recording of the 

Paratethys area during Sarmatian times. ( 法 

文 ). Martin S S; Martin J-P S. Comptes 


This paper is a detailed study based on 

Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) diatom 

assemblages, characterized by high biologic 

productivity and diversity from the Zarand 

Basin (Romania). A total of 240 diatom taxa 

were identified, leading to the conclusion that 

successive environmental variations such as 

changes in palaeosalinity and 

palaeobathimetry had taken place during this 

period. Water-level increases are correlated 

with marine influx based on the presence of 

boreal or subtropical marine taxa. Each 

marine-dominated episode is followed by one 

of continental influence: an isolated system 

where freshwater taxa are a common 

occurrence. 

2006020164 

北美西部内陆海盆 Niobrara 组的钙质超微 

化石及其环境意义 Ⅱ : 古环境研究 = 

Calcareous nannofossils from the Niobrara 

Formation (Upper Cretaceous) and 

paleoenvironments of the North American 

Western Interior Basin part II: 

paleoenvironment study. ( 中文 ). 刘怀宝 ;D K 

Watkins. 高校地质学报 , 2004, 10(1): 26-38 

沉积于北美西部白垩纪内陆海盆的 

Niobrara 组 , 是一套以白垩 , 白垩质灰岩 , 以及 

钙质页岩为主的海相沉积 , 其中白垩的主要 

组分为颗石藻及其它钙质超微化石 . 通过对 

Kansas 州西部和 South Dakota 州东部四条 

剖面中 Niobrara 组的岩性 , 沉积物厚度 , 及钙 

质超微化石的研究 , 证明北美西部内陆海盆 

的沉积环境及水体温度在 Niobrara 组沉积 

时期因地而异 . 在 Niobrara 组沉积初期 , 海盆 

内的水体温度为北冷南暖 , 其后 , 至少在位于 

Kansas 西部海域的海水温度呈与时逐渐降 

低趋势 . 钙质超微化石有关属种在盆地内的 

分布差异 , 进一步说明海水变冷的直接原因 

源自北极海域水体的缓慢南浸 . 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 ) 

2006020165 

二叠纪瓢叶目植物中华盘穗 Discinites 

sinensis 的一种新型具孔盖小孢子 : 盘穗孢 

属 ( 新属 )Discinispora gen nov. = A new 

morphological type of operculate microspore, 

Discinispora gen. nov., from the Permian 

petrified Noeggerathialean strobilus Discinites 

sinensis Wang. ( 英文 ). Wang Jun; Zhang 

Guangfu; Jií Bek; Pfefferkorn H W. Review of 

Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2004, 128(3-4): 

229-245 3 图版 . 

A new morphological type of operculate 

microspore, Discinispora sinensis gen. et sp. 

nov., has been isolated from the holotype of 

Discinites sinensis Wang (Lower Permian, 

Shitanjing Coalfield, PR China). In these 

spores a trilete mark with prominent labrum 

and a circular operculum are located on the 

same spore wall layer with the operculum 

occurring on distal surfaces, close to the distal 

pole. Spherical laevigate inner bodies are 

trilete. Other Carboniferous operculate 

microspores isolated from some 

sphenophyllalean and some Discinites cones 

have opercula and trilete marks on different 

spore wall layers. Discinites and some 

sphenophylls appear to show similar structures 

in some spore types. These findings also show 

that at least three different spore types occur 

in Discinites cones and contribute to the 

understanding of the complexity of character 

states in the Noeggerathiales. 

2006020166 

南极洲中三叠世蕨类植物 ( 里白目、马通 

科 ) = Matoniaceous Ferns (Gleicheniales) 

from the Middle Triassic of Antarctica. ( 英文 ). 

Klavins S D; Taylor T N; Taylor E L. Journal 

of Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 211–217 1 图版 . 

The Matoniaceae is one of the most ancient 

lineages of extant ferns, with a fossil record 

that extends from the early Mesozoic. 

Currently they are considered to be a 

systematically isolated group that occupies a 

basal position in the phylogeny of 

leptosporangiate ferns. Although the extant 

taxa of Matoniaceae are today restricted to the 

52

Malaysian archipelago, a diverse assemblage 

of matoniaceous ferns occurred on every 

continent, including Antarctica, during the 

Mesozoic. Here we describe anatomically 

preserved, detached fern sori and sporangia 

from the Fremouw Formation with a 

combination of characters that affiliates them 

with the Matoniaceae. Sori are peltate with 

more than 25 crowded sporangia that display 

simple maturation. The indusium is 

multiseriate and centrally attached to a 

massive, vascularized receptacle. Sporangia 

are globose to ovoid with vertical, meandering, 

incomplete annuli, and are helically attached 

to the receptacle in three to four gyres. This 

report places this fern as the earliest known 

occurrence of the Matoniaceae in the fossil 

record. Characters observed in the sori offer 

insights regarding organizational patterns of 

reproductive structures in the family. 

Additionally, the presence of a peltate 

indusium in the earliest known representative 

of the family contradicts the hypothesized 

evolutionary sequence in development of this 

structure in the family. 

2006020167 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚早二叠世一种新的木贼 

类化石 = A new equisetalean plant from the 

early Permian of Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). 

Escapa I; Cúneo R. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2005, 137(1-2): 1-14 2 图版 . 

The sphenophyte Peltotheca furcata, nov. 

gen. et sp., is described based on vegetative 

and reproductive organs. Unbranched 

vegetative axes bear foliar whorls of 

Barakaria-type leaves, while reproductive 

axes are leafless and composed of distal fertile 

internodes entirely covered by peltate 

sporangiophore whorls bearing sporangia. 

This new taxon is compared with coeval 

equisetaleans from different geographical 

areas in order to better understand the 

systematics, taxonomy and phylogeny of the 

group. Paleoecological and phytogeographical 

interpretations are also considered, with 

reference to the particular case of the 

Patagonian region and its importance in late 

Paleozoic vegetational history in Gondwana. 

2006020168 

南极亚历山大岛白垩纪的蕨类 : 南半球白垩 

纪植物地理 = Ferns from the Cretaceous of 

Alexander Island, Antarctica: Implications for 

Cretaceous phytogeography of the Southern 

Hemisphere. ( 英文 ). Cantrill D J; Nagalingum 

N S. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 137(3-4): 83-103 4 图版 . 

Six new records of ferns from the late 

Albian flora of Alexander Island, Antarctic 

Peninsula, provide further evidence for a 

widespread Cretaceous Austral flora. 

Phyllopteroides antarctica sp. nov. is the first 

record of this genus from Antarctica, 

extending its range from Australia, New 

Zealand, and India. It appears that 

Phyllopteroides forms an important 

component of eastern Gondwana mid- 

Cretaceous floras. Further floristic affinities 

with Australia are supported by the presence 

of Sphenopteris warragulensis, 

Microphyllopteris and Coniopteris sp. cf. C. 

frutiformis. Few southern South American 

forms can be recognized and these include 

Sphenopteris sanjuliensis. The Alexander 

Island flora comprises a mixture of endemic, 

eastern Gondwanan, and rare South American 

elements that reflect its position close to a 

major floristic boundary. 

2006020169 

南极亚历山大岛早白垩世的里白科和马通 

科蕨类化石 = Early Cretaceous 

Gleicheniaceae and Matoniaceae 

(Gleicheniales) from Alexander Island, 

Antarctica. ( 英文 ). Nagalingum N S; Cantrill 

D J. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2006, 138(2): 73-93 

The first Cretaceous representatives of 

Matoniaceae and Gleicheniaceae in the 

Antarctic are described from the Albian flora 

of Alexander Island. Two new species are 

recognized, one is assigned to Matonia, and 

another to the emended gleicheniaceous formgenus 

Gleicheniaceaephyllum. The taxonomy 

of fossil genera assigned to Gleicheniaceae is 

problematic, and as an alternative to the 

invalid genus Gleichenites, we propose that 

Microphyllopteris be utilised as a form-genus 

for species that have either an unknown 

branching pattern or pseudo-dichotomous 

branching without resting buds; 

Microphyllopteris is reserved for ferns that 

cannot be ascribed conclusively to 

Gleicheniaceae. 

Alternatively, 

Gleicheniaceaephyllum should be used for 

gleicheniaceous material that has a resting bud 

amongst two to four primary branches. 

Gleicheniaceaephyllum acutum sp. nov. is 

preserved as sterile and fertile fronds, pinnae 

and pinnules. The other new species, Matonia 

jeffersonii sp. nov., occurs as sterile and fertile 

pinnae and pinnules, and is aligned to 

53

Matoniaceae based on the presence of 

circular-oval sori with peltate indusia. The two 

taxa are inferred to have either a pedate or 

scrambling habit. These morphologies are 

relatively common at Alexander Island, 

compared to other high latitude fossil floras, 

and are interpreted as an adaptation to the high 

disturbance, polar conditions and unusual 

photoperiod experienced at Alexander Island 

during the Early Cretaceous. The theory that 

angiosperms caused the demise of ferns is 

discussed in relation to the Matoniaceae and 

Gleicheniaceae, and there does not appear to 

be association between angiosperm expansion 

and the decline of these two fern families. 

2006020170 

新疆北部中泥盆世呼吉尔斯特组的一种细 

小植物 = A new diminutive plant from the 

Hujiersite Formation (late Middle Devonian) 

of North Xinjiang, China. ( 中文 ). 王怿 ; 徐洪 

河 ; 付强 ; 唐鹏 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(4): 461- 

471 2 图版 . 

描述新疆北部中泥盆世晚期呼吉尔斯特 

组中上部中的一种细小植物 :Tsaia conica sp. 

nov. 该植物具有不等二歧分叉茎 , 表面具有 

圆锥形突出物 . 生殖枝由一次等二歧分叉枝 

系和数枚孢子囊组成 . 枝系末端着生四对成 

对长椭圆形孢子囊 . 通过对已知资料的分析 , 

结合新材料的初步研究 , 新疆北部中泥盆世 

晚期植物群被暂定为 Lepidodendropsis 

kazachstanica- Compsocradus sp. - Sawdonia 

curstipa (LCS) 组合 . 通过与世界上同期植物 

群的对比 , 确认新疆北部中泥盆世晚期植物 

群属于一个独特的植物区 . 

2006020171 

秦岭地区石炭纪两种新的扇状脉植物 = 

Two new fan-veined species from the 

Carboniferous of Qinling Mt., Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 

吴秀元 ; 王军 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(4): 489- 

501 2 图版 . 

记述的两种新植物分别来自秦岭地区的 

凤县和镇安县。产于凤县草凉驿红花铺草 

凉驿组的 Adiantites honghuapuensis sp. nov., 

至少二次羽状复叶 , 羽片线形 , 以宽角着生于 

羽轴上 ; 小羽片椭圆形 , 羽片基部的小羽片偶 

尔分裂为 2—3 个裂片。小羽片基部收缩 , 有 

短柄或以较宽的基部着生于羽轴上 , 扇状 

脉。另一产自镇安县茅坪东山梁二峪河组 

的 Qinlingopteris orientalis gen. et sp. nov., 

其特征是二次羽状复叶 , 末二级羽轴与末级 

羽轴夹角较小 , 大约 30° 左右。小羽片亚对 

生 , 长卵形或亚圆形 , 顶端较窄 , 中部较宽 , 基 

部较狭并具短柄 ; 叶脉扇状 ; 羽轴上具间小羽 

片 , 间小羽片与正常小羽片等形同大。草凉 

驿组的地质时代大致为纳缪尔期至维斯发 

早期 , 而二峪河组则为早石炭世维宪期。 

2006020172 

此三台非彼三台 -- 纠正一则化石产地之 

误 = This Santai being not that Santaicorrecting 

an error of fossil locality. ( 中文 ). 

廖卓庭 ; 刘陆军 ; 李洁 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 

44(3): 478-482 

1956 年斯行健教授在《古生物学报》载 

文记述一些保存良好的斜方薄皮木 

(Leptophloeum rhombicum Dawson) 化石 , 文 

中称标本系地质部西北地质局 631 队第 7 

分队提供 , 采自新疆吉木萨尔县三台镇。自 

那以后近 50 年的地质调查表明 : 包括吉木萨 

尔县三台镇在内的整个博格达山 , 从未发现 

此类植物化石和上泥盆统。由此存在对斯 

行健教授描记标本真实产地的疑问 , 和对三 

台镇附近到底有否上泥盆统的质疑 , 这在很 

长一段时间中 , 对东天山地区的地质填图、 

层序建立、古生物群分区以及地质构造解 

释等实际和理论问题的解决带来诸多的不 

确定因素。上述问题长期未能澄清。作者 

通过多年实地调查考察 , 结合资料考据结果 

认定 :L. rhombicum 化石的原始产地应是西 

天山北麓赛里木湖边的三台附近 , 而不是东 

天山北麓吉木萨尔县三台镇 , 在三台镇地区 

也根本不存在含该化石的上泥盆统。 

早期种子植物 

2006020173 

美国堪萨斯州下二叠统一种奇特种子植物 

Glenopteris splendens Sellards( 新修订 ) 的 

表皮解剖 = Epidermal anatomy of 

Glenopteris splendens Sellards nov. emend., 

an enigmatic seed plant from the Lower 

Permian of Kansas (U.S.A.). ( 英文 ). Krings M; 

Klavins S D; DiMichelec W A ; Kerpd H; 

Taylor T N. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 136(3-4): 159-180 7 图版 . 

Frond morphology and epidermal anatomy 

of the enigmatic late Early Permian seed plant 

Glenopteris splendens Sellards are described 

based on material from east central Kansas 

(Wellington Formation, Sumner Group; 

Artinskian ICS Stage). The specific diagnosis 

for G. splendens Sellards, 1900 is emended. 

Frond morphology suggests that G. splendens 

is a member of the seed plant order 

Peltaspermales. Macroscopical and epidermal 

54

features of G. splendens are consistent with 

those extant plants adapted to (seasonal) 

moisture limitation and elevated soil and 

ground water salinity. For example, the 

pachymorphous (succulent) pinnules may help 

mitigate water stress, because succulent 

foliage delivers large quantities of storage 

water, but could also be an adaptation to 

elevated salinity since storage of large 

quantities of water increases the salt 

accumulation capacity of the fronds. Wartand 

peg-like cuticular projections may 

represent an adaptation to (seasonal) moisture 

limitation because extant xeromorphic plants 

have similar heavily cutinized anticlinal cell 

walls. Glenopteris splendens fronds are 

entirely glabrous, which suggests that 

epidermal outgrowths were not necessary as 

protective elements against deleterious 

environmental influences. 

2006020174 

华南大羽羊齿植物一新属 --Fujianopteris 

gen. nov. = Fujianopteris: A new genus of 

gigantopterid plants from South China. ( 中文 ). 

刘陆军 ; 姚兆奇 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(4): 

472-488 2 图版 . 

《中国古生代植物》首次将 

Gigantopteris 这一属名限定在一些具重网状 

叶脉的大羽羊齿类植物 , 如真正的 G. 

nicotianaefolia 等 , 而叶脉简单结网的一些植 

物则大多被归入 Gigantonoclea 属 . 这一比较 

简便的做法近年也开始受到质疑 . 

Gigantopteris fukienensis Yabe et Oishi,1938 

也是因为叶脉简单结网而被改归于 

Gigantonoclea 属内 . 问题在于 G. fukienensis 

的脉式与华北典型的 Gigantonoclea 迥异 , 它 

的三级脉以合轴二歧式 - 等二歧式分叉 , 细脉 

彼此间只是偶尔联结 , 而主要是借助与缝脉 

相交形成伸长形的网眼 . 加之 , 网眼内不具点 

痕 , 而每一网眼内有 1-2 个点痕则是华北典 

型 Gigantonoclea 的特征之一 . 根据叶脉特征 , 

作者为一些三级脉以等二歧式 - 合轴二歧式 

分叉、细脉仅偶尔相互联结而主要借助与 

相邻脉束或缝脉相交而形成网眼、网眼内 

不具点痕的一些相关植物建立了新属 

Fujianopteris gen. nov, 并对此属的 4 个种 

( 包括 1 新种 ) 作了种的特征描述和有关的讨 

论和比较 . 

2006020175 

四川广元晚志留世植物碎片 = The plantderived 

fragments of the Late Silurian from 

Guangyuan, Sichuan, South China. ( 中文 ). 王 

怿 ; 朱怀诚 ; 李军 . 微体古生物学报 , 2004, 

21(1): 25-31 

本文初步研究了产自四川广元晚志留世 

地层中植物碎片 , 共分为三个类型。TypeI 

具有叶状体 , 表面具有孔 , 叶状体上着生 

有具有中间加厚带的枝。Type Ⅱ 的枝表面 

具有刺。Type Ⅲ 的枝二歧分叉三次。通过 

研究认为 ,Type I 与苔藓类植物可以对 

比 , 具有一定的相似性 , 可能生活在比较 

干燥的环境中。Type Ⅱ 的母体植物可能生 

活在具有食草动物的环境中。 

裸子植物 

2006020176 

热解对比分析显示第三纪特异埋藏水杉化 

石的分子保存 = Biomolecular preservation 

of Tertiary Metasequoia Fossil Lagerstätten 

revealed by comparative pyrolysis analys. ( 英 

文 ). Yang H; Huang Y; Leng Q; LePage B A; 

Williams C J. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 134(237-256): 3-4 0 图版 . 

We compared structural biopolymers from 

morphologically well-preserved Metasequoia 

tissues from three Tertiary deposits and 

detected a continuum of biochemical 

preservation seen in this evolutionarily 

conserved conifer. Pyrolysis-gas 

chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC– 

MS) was applied to solvent-extracted residues 

from both fossil leaf and wood remains in 

comparison with tissues from their living 

counterparts. The late Paleocene–early Eocene 

leaves from Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic 

Archipelago, exhibit the best quality of 

biochemical preservation and show pyrolysis 

products derived from labile biomolecules 

characterized by large amounts of 

polysaccharides. These labile biomolecules 

are the oldest record of these kinds so far 

characterized by the pyrolysis technology. The 

middle Eocene leaf tissues from Axel Heiberg 

Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, yielded 

slightly lesser amounts of polysaccharide 

moieties, but the lignin products are similar to 

those identified from the Ellesmere Island 

fossils. Compared with these Arctic materials, 

the Metasequoia leaves from the Miocene 

Clarkia site in Idaho, USA, show the lowest 

quality of molecular preservation, 

characterized by a dramatic reduction of 

polysaccharides. This continuum of relative 

quality of biomolecular preservation is further 

confirmed by SEM observations of transverse 

sections of these fossil leaves, illustrating a 

55

case example where the extraordinary 

morphological preservation seen in the fossils 

parallels that detected at the biochemical level. 

The investigation revealed that both original 

molecular components and tissue-specific 

degradation control the final pyrolysis 

products from fossil material, thus suggesting 

that comparative studies of molecular 

preservation are best performed on an 

individual tissue basis within an evolutionarily 

conserved taxonomic lineage. Our data 

support the in situ polymerization hypothesis 

for the origin of long-chain homologous pairs 

of aliphatic n-alk-1-enes/n-alkanes as leaf 

alteration products. 

2006020177 

黑龙江始新世和云南中新世红杉 = The 

coast redwoods (Sequoia, Taxodiaceae) from 

the Eocene of Heilongjiang and the Miocene 

of Yunnan, China. ( 英文 ). Ma Q-W; Li F-L; 

Li C-S. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 135(3-4): 117-129 

Foliated shoots of Sequoia are reported 

from the Eocene of Yilan, Heilongjiang 

Province, NE China and from the Miocene of 

Lühe, Yunnan Province, South China. The 

leaves from both Yilan and Lühe are linear in 

shape, coriaceous in texture and the leaf base 

is decurrent and attached obliquely to the axis 

of shoots. The walls of the epidermal cells are 

straight, and the long axis of stomata is mostly 

parallel to mid-vein in our specimens. It 

suggests that the new specimens are 

assignable to Sequoia rather than to the similar 

genera Metasequoia, Taxodium and 

Glyptostrobus. The leaves from Yilan tend to 

be straight, but they are bent outwards in 

specimens from Lühe, very similar to those of 

Sequoia sempervirens. The leaves from Lühe 

are amphistomatic, while those from Yilan are 

hypostomatic. The stomata of the leaves from 

Lühe possess guard cells with polar lamellae, 

a feature missing in the leaves from Yilan. 

The gross morphology of foliated shoots, 

female cones, and the epidermal features from 

Lühe agree with those of S. sempervirens, so 

the specimens from Lühe are assigned to S. cf. 

sempervirens. The foliated shoots and 

epidermises of the specimens in Yilan are fit 

within the diagnosis of Sequoia chinensis, and 

therefore, the specimens are assigned to this 

species. The presence of Sequoia during the 

Eocene in Yilan and Miocene in Lühe is 

proven by the cuticle, which resolves some 

problems of identification 

2006020178 

纽芬兰中宾夕法尼亚期大型苛达树的形 

态、解剖及高地生态 = Morphology, 

anatomy, and upland ecology of large 

cordaitalean trees from the Middle 

Pennsylvanian of Newfoundland. ( 英文 ). 

Falcon-Lang H J; Bashforth A R. Review of 

Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2005, 135(3-4): 

223-243 

We describe the morphology and anatomy 

of large cordaitalean trees, preserved in 

Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) alluvial deposits in 

southwest Newfoundland. Remains include 

more than one hundred calcite-permineralized 

stumps, trunks, and branches, including the 

largest cordaitalean trunk ever discovered, as 

well as common adpressed leaves. 

Reproductive organs are not preserved. We 

propose a sterile reconstruction of this tree 

based on directly attached organs and 

anatomical similarities between isolated, but 

facies-associated, organs. At ≤ 48.5 m high, 

mature cordaitaleans were the tallest trees in 

the Pennsylvanian tropical zone, and consisted 

of a straight, unbranched trunk topped by a 

dark, shading canopy, similar in gross 

morphology to extant araucarian conifers. A 

comprehensive review of the taphonomic 

occurrences of these large cordaitalean 

remains suggests that they grew in alluvial fan 

and extrabasinal terrains across Euramerica, 

and represent the earliest widespread upland 

forests. 

2006020179 

美国爱达荷 Thunder Mountain 始新世植物 

群松柏类植物的修订 = Revision of the 

conifers from the Eocene Thunder Mountain 

flora, Idaho, U.S.A.. ( 英文 ). Erwin D M; 

Schorn H E. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 137(3-4): 125-145 3 图版 . 

The Thunder Mountain paleoflora from the 

middle Eocene (46–45 Ma) of central Idaho 

represents an upland flora dominated by 

conifers. However, because many of the 

conifer species recognized at Thunder 

Mountain include a mixture of detached 

organs from different localities of different 

ages it is unclear which conifer taxa are 

present in or absent from the flora. 

Reexamination of the megaflora suggests 

Pseudotsuga and Cephalotaxus are equivocal, 

Thujopsis is not present, and the holotype 

ovulate cone of Larix leonardii does not show 

definitive features to justify its placement in 

Larix. The species Chamaecyparis edwardsii, 

Picea deweyensis and Abies deweyensis are 

56

ased on fragmentary organs identifiable only 

to genus. Pinus baileyi is not closely related to 

P. longaeva (subgenus Strobus, subsection 

Balfourianae) but is an excentromucronate 

hard pine with affinities to members of 

subgenus Pinus, cf. subsection Pinus. 

Revision of the Thunder Mountain conifer 

megafossil assemblage is a step toward 

clarifying the species present in the flora to 

provide further understanding of the diversity, 

evolutionary relationships and 

phytogeographic history of conifers during the 

Tertiary. 

2006020180 

一些中生代裸子植物干旱结构的适应 : 评 

述兼古气候意义 = Xeromorphic adaptations 

of some Mesozoic gymnosperms. A review 

with palaeoclimatological implications. ( 英文 ). 

Thévenard F; Gomez B; Daviero-Gomez V. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 4(1-2): 67-77 

Plant cuticles have proved to be a highresolution 

proxy of palaeo-p CO2 variation. 

Mesozoic gymnosperms, however, show a 

wider range of xeromorphic adaptations than 

their living relatives, and these may explain 

stomatal density/stomatal index differences 

between taxa within the same fossil 

assemblage. Four main adaptive responses to 

water loss are pointed out: reduction of solar 

radiation, reduction of drought-air circulation, 

reduction of evapotranspiration, and trapping 

of surface external water. In conclusion, we 

recommend supplementing quantitative 

estimates of stomatal density and index by 

qualitative observations of cuticular adaptive 

macro- and microstructures 

2006020181 

辽宁西部早三叠世苏铁植物一新属 —— 

Mediocycas gen. nov. 及其演化意义 = A 

new genus of Cycadalean plants from the 

Early Triassic of western Liaoning, China- 

Mediocycas gen. nov. and its evolutionary 

significance. ( 中文 ). 李楠 ; 傅晓平 ; 张武 ; 郑少 

林 ; 曹雨 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 44(3): 423-434 

报道苏铁植物大孢子叶化石一新属 —— 

中间苏铁属 (Mediocycas gen.nov.)。标本采 

集于辽宁省西部 , 喀左县杨树沟煤矿后山的 

早三叠世红砬组。这些标本以前曾被处理 

为疑问化石 (Problematicum)。因当时资料 

不足 , 所以没有确定属种名称。但鉴于这些 

化石在苏铁类早期起源与演化研究中具有 

重要意义 , 故对它们作了重新研究。文中除 

了以喀左中间苏铁 (Mediocycas kazuoensis 

gen. et sp. nov.) 为典型种进行描述以外 , 还对 

新属、种在苏铁类起源与演化方面的意义 

作了较为详细的讨论。 

被子植物 

2006020182 

瑞典北部牧区森林中树上雕纹 : 对遗留树 

雕纹的分析 , 对过去土地利用的解释以及 

其保护意义 = Carved trees in grazed forests 

in boreal Sweden—analysis of remaining trees, 

interpretation of past land-use and 

implications for conservation. ( 英文 ). 

Andersson R; Östlund L; Lundqvist R. 


14(2): 149-158 

Culturally modified trees (CMTs) provide 

unique insights into traditional knowledge and 

uses of the forest ecosystems. In close relation 

to pre-industrial livestock herding in central 

Sweden, it was a custom to carve text and 

symbols on trees and use them as notice 

boards in the forest. The main aim of this 

study was to document and analyse remaining 

carved trees in a managed forest landscape of 

160 km 2 . The same area was surveyed twice, 

once in 1986 and once in 2003. 488 carved 

trees were documented and classified into 

legible themes that were interpreted in the 

light of past herding practices. Name was the 

most common theme, found in 85% of the 

carvings. Most of the carvings were made in 

the period from the 1750s until the early 

1900s. The custom of carving on trees was 

closely related to important grazing areas and 

the need to establish rights to them. The main 

losses of carved trees nowadays are due to 

their natural death and decay as most of the 

carved trees are located in areas that are not 

targeted for management. A primary 

recommendation for preservation is therefore 

to continue documentation of the trees 

because of the noticeable deterioration in 

readability of the carvings. 

2006020183 

西瓜 (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. 

& Nakai, 同 C. vulgaris Schrad.) 历史的 

考古植物学资料 = An archaeobotanical 

contribution to the history of watermelon, 

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai 

(syn. C. vulgaris Schrad.). ( 英文 ). 

Wasylikowa K; van der Veen M. Vegetation 

History and Archaeobotany, 2004, 13(4): 213 

-217 

57

The discovery of several 5000-year old 

seeds of wild watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, at 

an archaeological site Uan Muhuggiag in 

southwest Libya, re-opens the debate on the 

origin, wild distribution and domestication 

history of this species. The seeds were found 

within a plant assemblage of wild seeds and 

fruits, associated with pottery and bones of 

domestic animals belonging to Neolithic 

pastoralists. The presumed wild progenitor of 

the modern cultivar C. lanatus is today found 

exclusively in a region centring on the 

Kalahari Desert. This new archaeobotanical 

record raises the possibility that this 

distribution was much more extensive in the 

past. 

2006020184 

欧洲西班牙栗 (Castanea sativa Mill.) 种 

植 , 洲际范围的起源和扩散 = The 

cultivation of Castanea sativa (Mill.) in 

Europe, from its origin to its diffusion on a 

continental scale. ( 英文 ). Conedera M; Krebs 

P;Tinner W; Pradella M; Torriani D. 


13(3): 161 - 179 

The history of Castanea sativa (sweet 

chestnut) cultivation since medieval times has 

been well described on the basis of the very 

rich documentation available. Far fewer 

attempts have been made to give a historical 

synthesis of the events that led to the 

cultivation of sweet chestnut in much earlier 

times. In this article we attempt to reconstruct 

this part of the European history of chestnut 

cultivation and its early diffusion by use of 

different sources of information, such as 

pollen studies, archaeology, history and 

literature. Using this multidisciplinary 

approach, we have tried to identify the roles of 

the Greek and Roman civilizations in the 

dissemination of chestnut cultivation on a 

European scale. In particular, we show that 

use of the chestnut for food was not the 

primary driving force behind the introduction 

of the tree into Europe by the Romans. Apart 

from the Insubrian Region in the north of the 

Italian peninsula, no other centre of chestnut 

cultivation existed in Europe during the 

Roman period. The Romans may have 

introduced the idea of systematically 

cultivating and using chestnut. In certain cases 

they introduced the species itself; however no 

evidence of systematic planting of chestnut 

exists. The greatest interest in the management 

of chestnut for fruit production most probably 

developed after the Roman period and can be 

associated with the socio-economic structures 

of medieval times. It was then that selfsufficient 

cultures based on the cultivation of 

chestnut as a source of subsistence were 

formed. 

2006020185 

冰岛中新世 Fagus 属化石 : 系统学与生物地 

理学意义 = Fagus from the Miocene of 

Iceland: systematics and biogeographical 

considerations. ( 英文 ). Grímssona F; Denk T. 

Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 134(1-2): 27-54 13 图版 . 

Leaf and cupule/nut remains belonging to 

Fagus (beech) have previously been reported 

from three plant-bearing formations on 

Iceland, the 15 Ma Selárdalur–Botn Formation, 

the 13.5 Ma Dufansdalur–Ketilseyri 

Formation, and the ca. 9–8 Ma Skarðströnd– 

Mókollsdalur Formation, and have 

traditionally been assigned to various species. 

In this paper, we study Fagus leaves and 

cupules from the Miocene of Iceland based on 

unpublished and newly collected material and 

assess their taxonomic position. Leaves from 

Selárdalur (15 Ma) and Tafla (13.5 Ma) are 

described as a new species, Fagus friedrichii, 

on grounds of unique combinations of 

morphological features such as the large 

elliptical leaves with densely spaced 

secondary veins, the attenuate leaf apex, and 

the consistently craspedodromous venation. 

Specimens from the middle Miocene 

Seldovian flora of Alaska that have previously 

been suggested to belong to Fagus antipofii 

Heer are included within F. friedrichii. Coeval 

and slightly older Fagus species from Eurasia 

are compared to the new species from Iceland. 

For F. friedrichii, a migration to Iceland from 

North America via Greenland is assumed. The 

leaf remains from the younger Mókollsdalur 

exposure (ca. 9–8 Ma) are clearly distinct 

from F. friedrichii and are identical to Fagus 

gussonii Massalongo emend. Knobloch and 

Velitzelos from the upper Miocene of Europe. 

This is also indicated by the relatively large 

cupules associated with the Icelandic leaves 

that are identical to cupules cooccurring with 

leaves of F. gussonii in Greece and Spain. The 

large geographical gap between Icelandic and 

coeval southern European populations of F. 

gussonii may be related to the general 

distribution of F. gussonii at the margin of the 

western Eurasian range of Fagus during the 

Neogene and perhaps to markedly oceanic 

climatic conditions under which it grew. For F. 

58

gussonii, a migration to Iceland from Europe 

is suggested. 

2006020186 

欧洲第三纪一绝灭的属 Chaneya Wang et 

Manchester - 对德国 Öhningen 和捷克 

Bohemia 的似 Porana 果实化石的修订 = 

The extinct genus Chaneya Wang et 

Manchester in the Tertiary of Europe—a 

revision of Porana-like fruit remains from 

Öhningen and Bohemia. ( 英文 ). Teodoridisa 

V;Kvaček Z. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2005, 134(1-2): 85-103 5 图版 . 

Fossil fruit with persistent corolla, which 

have been recorded in Europe, particularly 

from the Öhningen locality (middle Miocene 

of Germany), were originally assigned to the 

genus Porana Burm. (Convolvulaceae) by 

Heer. The present revision of Heer's material 

including the type and illustrated specimens 

has resulted in a new combination, Chaneya 

oeningensis (Unger) Teodoridis et Z. Kvaček 

comb. nov., based on similarities in 

morphological traits of the wing-like perianth 

and reproductive organs with the recently 

established fossil genus Chaneya Wang et 

Manchester (Chaneya tenuis (Lesquereux) 

Wang et Manchester and Chaneya 

kokangensis (Endo) Wang et Manchester) 

from the Tertiary of North America and East 

Asia. While all these remains contain resinous 

bodies in their tissue, the cuticle structure 

newly obtained from the European (Öhningen) 

and China (Yilan) material is totally different 

from that, which was attributed to the Asian C. 

kokangensis and employed for systematic 

considerations. Although the precise 

systematic position of Chaneya remains 

uncertain, similarities in the re-interpreted 

floral morphology, the apocarpic superior 

gynoecium, the floral disc and oil cells in the 

petals suggest affinities to the Rutales, namely 

the Simaroubaceae or Rutaceae. Among the 

Simaroubaceae, Picrasma Bl. in particular is 

similar in the gynoecium organisation and 

wing-like petals persisting on fruits, but it 

differs from Chaneya in the lack of oil cells 

2006020187 

藏南柳区砾岩中古植物化石组合及其特征 

= The flora of the Liuqu Formation in South 

Tibet and its climatic implications. ( 中文 ). 方 

爱民 ; 阎臻 ; 刘小汉 ; 陶君容 ; 李继亮 ; 潘裕生 . 

古生物学报 , 2005, 44(3): 435-445 2 图版 . 

柳区砾岩是在印度和欧亚板块碰撞之后 

伴随造山带的后期演化所形成的一套具有 

重要大地构造意义的山前磨拉石建造 , 它对 

确定印度 / 亚洲板块碰撞时间的上限、探讨 

青藏高原的隆升历史具有重要意义。作者 

等最近在野外考察过程中在该套磨拉石的 

上部层位再次找到了一批植物化石 , 经研究 

鉴定约有 10 余种 , 隶属 7 科 9 属。相比前人 

发现 , 这些植物化石多是新出现的科属种 , 而 

且大多数是已经灭绝的类型 , 与现生种的关 

系较远 , 因此它们的发现为西藏及喜马拉雅 

地区的古生物及古气候环境研究提供了重 

要信息 , 是对这一地区生物化石的重要增 

补。文中报道这些植物化石组合及其区系 

特征 , 探讨这些化石植物组合所反映的古气 

候条件 , 并对一些主要的植物化石特征进行 

了比较详细的描述。 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 

2006020188 

志留系 Ludlow 系典型地区 Beingewood 群 

微体浮游生物的生物地层 = Microplankton 

biostratigraphy of the Bringewood Group, 

Ludlow Series, Silurian, of the type area. ( 英 

文 ). Mullins G L. Journal of Systematic 

Palaeontology, 2004, 2(3): 163-205 

The distribution of the acritarchs and 

prasinophyte algae in the Lower Bringewood 

Formation and Upper Bringewood Formation, 

Ludlow Series, Silurian, of the type Ludlow 

area and nearby Downton area is reported. 

Ten new taxa, Melikeriopalla fissura, 

Buedingiisphaeridium 

crassum, 

Dateriocradus ludloviensis, Diexallophasis 

downtongorgensis, Dorsennidium europaeum 

quintum, Dorsennidium gogginense, 

Dorsennidium pyramidale, Onondagella 

deunffii downtonensis, Visbysphaera lamina 

and Visbysphaera bringewoodense are 

described. The new combination 

Eisenackidium gordonense (Crame, 1964b) is 

proposed. In the type Ludlow area there is an 

increase in the abundance per gram of sample, 

but a decline in diversity, of the acritarchs and 

prasinophyte algae across the Lower 

Bringewood Formation–Upper Bringewood 

Formation boundary. However, the 

microplankton show a general trend of 

decreasing abundance per gram of sample, but 

increasing diversity, through the Bringewood 

Group in the Downton area. The fluctuations 

in the abundance and diversity of the 

microplankton cannot be used to correlate the 

Ludlow and Downton areas and this probably 

reflects differences in their local depositional 

59

environments, which affected the rate of 

sedimentation and/or the living microplankton 

populations. However, the first occurrences of 

M. fissura, Leoniella vilis, O. deunffii 

downtonensis, V. bringewoodense and D. 

pyramidale and last occurrences of O. deunffii 

downtonensis and V. lamina do allow 

correlation of the Ludlow and Downton areas. 

Furthermore, the base of the Leoniella vilis 

Biozone is now recognised as correlating 

approximately with the base of the Upper 

Bringewood Formation. In the Ludlow area, 

the L. vilis Biozone first occurs with certainty 

3.03 m above the base of the Upper 

Bringewood Formation and this compares 

well with the Downton area, where it was 

recorded 4.5 m above the base of that unit. 

原生动物 

2006020189 

继二叠纪末集群绝灭之后钙质有孔虫的残 

存和复苏 = Survival and recovery of 

calcareous foraminifera pursuant to the end- 

Permian mass extinction. ( 英文 ). Groves J R; 

Altiner D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(6-7): 487-500 

Ninety-one percent of calcareous 

foraminiferal genera became extinct during 

the end-Permian mass extinction. The Early 

Triassic Epoch was a survival phase 

characterized by a short-lived proliferation of 

disaster forms and then a prolonged interval of 

low diversity. The orders Miliolida and 

Lagenida experienced limited taxonomic rediversification 

in Early and Late Anisian time, 

respectively. All fusulinoidean fusulinides 

became extinct in Late Permian time, and only 

two non-fusulinoidean genera persisted into 

the Early Triassic. Triassic fusulinides 

diversified to just five genera before the order 

became entirely extinct in Late Triassic time. 

Involutinides originated in Olenekian time 

from an unknown ancestor. They did not 

significantly diversify until Late Triassic time. 

2006020190 

日本西南四国岛西部西秩父地体南部晚二 

叠世灰岩地块中的有孔虫 = Late Permian 

Foraminifers from the limestone block in the 

Southern Chichibu Terrane of West Shikoku, 

SW Japan. ( 英文 ). Kobayashi F. Journal of 


A limestone block in the Shirokawa- 

Nomura area of western Shikoku (Japan) is 

interpreted to have been originated as a 

Panthalassan seamount, and is assigned to the 

northern part of the Southern Chichibu 

Terrane. The Late Permian foraminiferal 

fauna from this block is composed of 33 

species, and is characterized by Nanlingella? 

sp., three unidentified species of Staffellidae, 

Paraglobivalvulina mira, Dagmarita 

chanakchiensis, Paradagmarita sp., and 

Partisania sp. Among them, four unidentified 

species are systematically described and 

discussed. Although this fauna is 

indeterminately either Wuchiapingian or 

Changhsingian, it is clearly Late Permian in 

age by comparison with Late Permian faunas 

in the Tethyan regions, and by the complete 

absence of neoschwagerinids, verbeekinids, 

and schwagerinids, which became extinct by 

the end of Middle Permian time. The 

limestone block in the Shirokawa-Nomura 

area is clearly distinguished from Upper 

Permian shelf limestones from the 

Kurosegawa, Southern Kitakami, and Maizuru 

terranes by its lithology and by the complete 

absence of the foraminifer Colaniella, one of 

the most important index genera in Upper 

Permian strata throughout the Tethyan and 

peri-Gondwana regions. 

2006020191 

遴选出的古生代 Lagenide 类有孔虫壳壁结 

构 = Wall structures in selected Paleozoic 

Lagenide Foraminifera. ( 英文 ). Groves J R; 

Rettori R; Altiner D. Journal of 


Paleozoic lagenide foraminifera are 

strikingly similar morphologically to 

Mesozoic and Cenozoic Lagenida, but 

because benthic foraminifers suffered a 

catastrophic reduction in diversity during the 

end-Permian mass extinction, it is unclear 

whether the similarities of Paleozoic lagenides 

and younger unquestioned Lagenida link them 

evolutionarily or are the product of 

convergence. Seven species representing five 

families of Paleozoic lagenide foraminifers 

were examined and found to possess mostly 

monolamellar hyaline-radial walls, as in 

extant nodosariid Lagenida. Exceptions are 

Protonodosaria rauserae , whose wall is not 

optically radial, and Syzrania amazonica , 

whose hyaline-radial wall may or may not be 

accompanied by a secreted inner 

microgranular layer. The inner microgranular 

layer is an element that is thought to have 

been inherited from the ancestral Fusulinida. 

Its absence in all but the earliest and 

morphologically simplest Paleozoic lagenides 

indicates more advanced wall structure than 

60

generally has been ascribed to this group. The 

wall in Pachyphloia spp. is secondarily 

thickened, suggesting plesio- or orthomonolamellar 

construction, whereas other 

examined species exhibit atelo-monolamellar 

wall structure. These types of lamellarity are 

common among modern nodosariids. Thus, on 

the basis of not only morphologic similarity 

but also similar wall structure, we strongly 

suspect evolutionary continuity of lagenides 

across the Permian-Triassic boundary. The 

question is not completely resolved, however, 

because lagenides have not yet been recovered 

from lowest Triassic rocks. 

2006020192 

加拿大努纳武特地区康沃利斯岛下志留统 

Cape Phillips 组放射虫 Palaeoscenidiidae 

科 = Palaeoscenidiidae (Radiolaria) from the 

Lower Silurian of the Cape Phillips Formation, 

Cornwallis Island, Nunavut, Canada. ( 英文 ). 

MacDonald E W. Journal of 


Spicular radiolarians of the family 

Palaeoscenidiidae were recovered from the 

Llandovery to lower Wenlock of the Cape 

Phillips Formation, Nunavut, Canada. Several 

changes are made to the classification of these 

radiolarians. Goodbodium rarispinosum 

(Goodbody, 1986) was previously placed with 

Palaeoscenidium Deflandre, 1953. 

Insolitignum MacDonald, 1999 is emended to 

allow for additional apical rays. Insolitignum 

cancellatum (Goodbody, 1986) includes 

species which were previously assigned to 

Palaeoscenidium, Palaeotripus Goodbody, 

1986, and Palaeoephippium Goodbody, 1986, 

owing to the variable development of one ray. 

Insolitignum peranima MacDonald, 1999 is 

synonymized with I. dissimile (Goodbody, 

1986). Palaeodecaradium apertum 

(Goodbody, 1986) was previously placed with 

Palaeoscenidium; Palaeotripus nudus 

Goodbody, 1986 is considered a synonym of 

P. apertum. Palaeoephippium is rediagnosed 

based on the branching of the basal rays; the 

new diagnosis also allows for more than six 

rays and in orientations other than originally 

diagnosed. Palaeoephippium aranea 

Goodbody, 1986 is a junior synonym of P. 

bifurcum . Palaeoephippium reteforme 

Goodbody, 1986 and P. ramipendentes 

Goodbody, 1986 are synonymized with P. 

radices Goodbody, 1986. Palaeotripus 

monospinosum Goodbody, 1986 is 

synonymized with Palaeoephippium spinosum 

Goodbody, 1986. One new species, 

Palaeodecaradium gordoni, is described. It 

possesses six rays; the apical rays are long and 

curved. The basal rays bear spinules on their 

lateral margins. 

2006020193 

加拿大努武特地区下志留统 Cape Phillips 

组放射虫生物带初步研究 = A preliminary 

radiolarian biozonation for the Lower Silurian 

of the Cape Phillips Formation, Nunavut, 

Canada. ( 英文 ). MacDonald E W. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2006, 43(2): 205- 

211 

Radiolaria from the Lower Silurian of the 

Cape Phillips Formation, Nunavut, Canada 

allow the definition of four biostratigraphic 

assemblages. The Haplotaeniatum assemblage 

extends from the basal Llandovery to topmost 

Coronograptus cyphus graptolite Biozone. 

The base is taken as the first occurrence of 

Haplotaeniatum nunavutensis; no samples 

were collected below the Ordovician–Silurian 

boundary. The top of the assemblage is 

defined by the first occurrence of 

Orbiculopylorum. The Orbiculopylorum 

assemblage is marked by the first occurrence 

of Orbiculopylorum. The boundary between 

this assemblage and the overlying 

Plussatispila assemblage is unclear because of 

a break in stratigraphy (upper Spirograptus 

turriculatus through Monograptus crispus 

graptolite biozones). The last occurrence of 

Orbiculopylorum defines the top of the 

assemblage. The base of the Plussatispila 

assemblage is defined by the last occurrence 

of Orbiculopylorum. A barren interval 

(Cyrtograptus insectus to lower Monograptus 

instrenuus – Cyrtograptus kolobus graptolite 

biozones) separates the Plussatispila 

assemblage and subsequent Ceratoikiscum 

assemblage. The first occurrence of 

Ceratoikiscum is taken as the boundary 

between these assemblages. The top of the 

Ceratoikiscum assemblage is not established, 

but is taken as the first occurrence of 

Inanihella tarangulica Group radiolarians. 

This zonation is comparable to, and a 

modification from, the global radiolarian 

biozonation of Noble and Aitchison (2000). 

2006020194 

底栖有孔虫能作为海平面指示者吗 ? 法国 

埃居翁湾的研究实例 = The use of benthic 

foraminifera as sea-level indicators? Case 

study of the Aiguillon cove.. ( 法文 ). Armynot 

du Châtelet E; Debenay J-P, Degré D; Sauriau 

61

P-G. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 42(1-2): 

209-223 

Seventy-four sediment samples were 

collected within the Aiguillon cove (Charente- 

Maritime and Vendée, France) in order to 

investigate the ecology of benthic foraminifera 

in relation to their vertical elevation. The 

distribution of the seven dominant species was 

studied with a view to a further use in sealevel 

reconstruction. Vertical elevation and the 

associated duration of subaerial exposure 

significantly influence the distribution of four 

species along the eastern shore of the cove 

(Charente): Haynesina germanica (in the 

higher position), Brizalina variabilis, 

Stainforthia fusiformis, and Hopkinsina 

Atlantica and of one species, Ammonia tepida 

along the northern and western shores 

(Vendée). This study provides more 

information on the vertical elevation of 

dominant intertidal species, which may be 

used for reconstructing former sea levels. It 

suggests that their position may change, 

depending on local conditions, which requires 

great caution in using them as indicators of 

former sea levels. 

2006020195 

以有孔虫为基础的比利时上中新统 Deurne 

Sand 段 "Middelares Hospital" 露头剖面的 

生物地层研究 = Biostratigraphic study of the 

"Middelares Hospital" outcrop section in the 

Deurne Sand Member (Upper Miocene, 

Belgium) as based on foraminifera. ( 英文 ). 

Hooyberghs H J F; Moorkens T L A. Neues 


Abhandlungen, 2005, 237(1): 5-28 

In the "Middelares Hospital" section, a total 

of 66 foraminifera species were found in 13 

non-decalcified levels. Below disturbed and 

decalcified Quaternary sediments, a ca. 30- 

cm-thick shell bed occurs, which comprises 

Pliocene molluscs and foraminifera including 

Cribrononion excavatum and 

Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, Mainly 

forma sinistrulis, and which is probably a 

lateral equivalent of the Oorderen Sand 

Member, but was possibly partly reworked 

during the Quaternary. This shell layer 

overlies Late Miocene Deurne Sands 

exhibiting Uvigerina deurnensis, Elphidium 

antoninum and N. pachyderma (forma 

dextralis). Their position above and below the 

megalossil-rich intercalation proves a Late 

Miocene age. At the base of the outcrop, 

Middle Miocene deposits with Asterigerina 

guerichi staeschei and Elphidium inflatum 

were encountered. The possible connections 

between climatic fluctuations and ratio 

changes in the coiling directions of the 

Neogloboquadrina pachyderma populations 

are discussed. 

2006020196 

保加利亚 Rhodope 东部中生代低粒度序列 

内外来晚二叠世灰岩砾石中的有孔虫 : 古 

地理和古构造推断 = Foraminifers from the 

exotic Late Permian limestone pebbles in the 

Mesozoic low-grade sequence of the eastern 

Rhodope, Bulgaria: paleogeographic and 

paleotectonic consequences. ( 英文 ). Bonev N. 


/ Monatschefte, 2005, (7): 385-403 

A new discovery of Late Permian 

foraminifera is reported from the Mesozoic 

low-grade sequence in the eastern Rhodope, 

southern Bulgaria. They originate from 

pebbles in olistostrome-like breccias within 

the Jurassic island arc assemblage. Shallowwater 

limestone pebbles and matrix of the 

breccias contain the genera Globivalvulina sp., 

Robuloides sp., Paradagmarita sp., 

Hemigordius sp. and Colaniella sp. The 

foraminiferal genera suggest paleogeographic 

links between the latter region and the study 

area in the paleotectonic framework of the 

Tethyan area, allowing insight into the 

preserved remnants of a former ocean passive 

margin. 

2006020197 

新西兰坎贝尔高原南大洋有孔虫通量的季 

节性变化 = Seasonal variations in 

foraminiferal flux in the Southern Ocean, 

Campbell Plateau, New Zealand. ( 英文 ). 

Northcote L C; Neil H L. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2005, 56(3-4): 122-137 

Time-incremental sediment trap moorings 

were deployed at two sites across Campbell 

Plateau, New Zealand; one in the relatively 

quiet waters of the plateau interior (Pukaki 

Rise) and the other at the Antarctic 

Circumpolar Current-swept margin (eastern 

Campbell flank). A continuous record of 

particle flux over 416 days identifies marked 

differences in faunal composition and seasonal 

occurrence in response to these two 

dynamically different Southern Ocean settings. 

In the shallow and thermally isolated interior 

of the Pukaki Rise site, the flux of 

foraminifera was closely linked to the austral 

62

spring pulse of primary production, at which 

time 97% of the total foraminiferal production 

for the year occurred. This seasonal flux of 

foraminifera at Pukaki Rise was dominated by 

the species Globorotalia inflata and 

Globigerina bulloides. The collapse of 

phytoplankton production at the end of spring 

was most likely a result of a co-limitation of 

iron and silicic acid. Over the deep and 

dynamic eastern flank of Campbell Plateau 

there were four seasonal pulses of 

foraminiferal flux, the largest in spring when 

almost half of the foraminiferal production 

occurred. Most of the spring flux at this site 

consisted of Globorotalia inflata and 

Globigerinita glutinata. Summer at eastern 

Campbell flank, exhibited the lowest flux of 

foraminifera, but the highest species diversity, 

while autumn and winter fluxes were 

dominated by the deep-dwelling Globorotalia 

truncatulinoides. Although there was only a 

single pulse of foraminiferal flux at Pukaki 

Rise, its mass (g m − 2 d − 1 ) was still greater than 

that which occurred over the flank, summed 

across all four seasons. However, the overall 

standing stock (tests m − 2 d − 1 ) on the flank was 

more than twice that which occurred at the 

Pukaki Rise site. 

An examination of core-top material taken 

from gravity cores collected in the vicinity of 

the sediment trap locations, revealed typical 

Southern Ocean foraminiferal assemblages 

that were markedly dissimilar in proportion to 

those observed in the sediment traps. 

2006020198 

南大洋沉积物捕获器中浮游有孔虫 δ18O 

季节性变化 : 纬向梯度变化和气候重建 = 

δ18O seasonality of planktonic foraminifera 

from Southern Ocean sediment traps: 

Latitudinal gradients and implications for 

paleoclimate reconstructions. ( 英文 ). King A 

L; Howard W R. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2005, 56(1-2): 1-24 

The oxygen isotopic record obtained from 

Globigerina bulloides, Globorotalia inflata, 

and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s.) was 

analysed for 5 sediment traps moored in the 

Southern Ocean and Southwest Pacific. The 

traps extend from Subtropical to the Polar 

Frontal environments, providing the first 

analysis of seasonal foraminiferal δ 18 O 

records from these latitudes. Comparison 

between the foraminiferal records and various 

equations for predicted δ 18 O of calcite reveals 

that the predicted δ 18 O is best captured by the 

equations of Epstein et al. (1953) [Epstein, S., 

Buchsbaum, R., Lowenstam, H.A., Urey, H.C., 

1953. Revised carbonate-water isotopic 

temperature scale. Geological Society of 

America Bulletin 64, 1315–1326.] and Kim 

and O'Neil (1997) [Kim, S.-T., O'Neil, J.R., 

1997. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium 

oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates. 

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61, 3461– 

3475.]. The Epstein equation shows a constant 

offset from the δ 18 O of G. bulloides and N. 

pachyderma (s.) across the full range of 

latitudes. The seasonal range in δ 18 O values 

for these two species implies a near-surface 

habitat across all sites, while G. inflata most 

likely dwells at 50 m depth. A significant 

finding in this study was that offsets from 

predicted δ 18 O for G. bulloides do not 

correlate to changes in the carbonate ion 

concentration. This suggests that [CO 3 2− ] in 

and of itself may not capture the full range of 

carbonate chemistry conditions in the marine 

system. This sediment trap deployment also 

reveals distinct seasonal flux patterns for each 

species. Comparison between flux-weighted 

isotopic values calculated from the sediment 

traps and the isotopic composition of nearby 

surface sediments indicates that the 

sedimentary records retain this seasonal 

imprint. At the 51°S site, G. bulloides has a 

spring flux peak while N. pachyderma (s.) is 

dominated by summer production. The 

imprint of these differing seasonal production 

patterns on the flux-weighted δ 18 O values 

results in more depleted δ 18 O for N. 

pachyderma (s.) than for G. bulloides. 

Interpretations of N. pachyderma (s.) isotopic 

composition as a record of subsurface 

conditions may therefore need to be refined, 

with implications for interpretation of depleted 

glacial δ 13 C for this species (Sigman & Boyle, 

2000) [Sigman, D.M., Boyle, E.A., 2000. 

Glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric 

carbon dioxide. Nature 407, 859–869.]. 

2006020199 

印度洋东部岩芯顶部深海底栖有孔虫的分 

布 = The distribution of deep-sea benthic 

foraminifera in core tops from the eastern 

Indian Ocean. ( 英文 ). Murgese D S; De 

Deckker P. Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 

56(1-2): 25-49 1 图版 . 

Relative abundances of benthic 

foraminifera in 57 core tops collected within a 

depth-range between 700 and 4335 m below 

sea level [b.s.l.] from the eastern Indian Ocean 

63

(mostly between Australia and Indonesia) 

were investigated quantitatively using 

Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) to 

analyse species spatial-distribution. Canonical 

Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and 

correlation matrices were used to evaluate the 

relationships between the species distribution 

and environmental variables (temperature, 

salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrate and 

phosphate concentrations, carbon-flux rate). 

Seven key-species proved useful for 

distinguishing environmental parameters. 

Two groups of species are identified by 

means of the first DCA ordination axis. The 

first group increases in relative abundances 

with depth and includes three taxa: 

Oridorsalis tener umbonatus, Epistominella 

exigua and Pyrgo murrhina. These three taxa 

prefer a cold (< 3 °C) and well-oxygenated 

(> 3.5 ml/l) environment, with low carbon flux 

to the sea floor (< 3 g C m − 2 year − 1 ). O. tener 

umbonatus and P. murrhina tend to indicate 

reduced food availability, whereas E. exigua 

may indicate periodic delivery (seasonal) of 

organic matter to the sea floor. The second 

group includes Nummoloculina irregularis 

and Cibicidoides pseudoungerianus, typical of 

upper-bathyal depths. C. pseudoungerianus is 

correlated with a warm (> 2.5 °C) 

environment characterised by high carbonflux 

rate (> 2.5 g C m − 2 year − 1 ). N. 

irregularis is associated with high dissolvedoxygen 

concentrations (> 3 ml/l) and its 

distribution is limited to south of 20 °S. In this 

area, the contemporary presence of the low 

salinity and well oxygenated Antarctic 

Intermediate Water and low primary 

productivity at the sea-surface (which causes 

low oxygen consumption at the sea floor) 

create the ideal conditions for this species. 

The second ordination-axis scores identify 

another taxon, Uvigerina proboscidea. The 

distribution of this species is mainly limited to 

low latitudes (north of 25°S), where carbon 

flux rate is high (> 3.5 g C m − 2 year − 1 ), due 

to higher primary productivity levels at the sea 

surface, and oxygen levels are low (< 3 ml/l) 

due to the organic matter oxidation and the 

presence of oxygen-depleted Indonesian 

Intermediate Water and North Indian 

Intermediate Water. 

2006020200 

保加利亚北特提斯边缘巴尔干地区凡兰吟 

阶新的标志种 : 大底栖有孔虫新种 

Conicopfenderina ? balkanica = 

Conicopfenderina ? balkanica n. sp. (larger 

benthic Foraminifera), new index-species of 

the Valanginian from Balkanides (North- 

Tethyan margin, Bulgaria).. ( 英文 ). Peybernès 

B. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(1): 17-26 

Description of a new species of 

Pfenderinidae (streptospiral, then rectilinear, 

larger benthic foraminifer with a keriothecal 

wall), Conicopfenderina ? balkanica n. sp.. 

This orbitolinid-like high-sized new taxon is 

observed in abundance within the 

internal/proximal shelf limestones of the 

Slivnitsa Formation (Western Balkan, 

Bulgaria). On the East-European part of the 

North-Tethyan margin, this foraminifer 

appears to constitute a good index of the 

Valdanchella miliani zone (rather Upper 

Valanginian in age). Until now, such a 

biostratigraphic subdivision was thought to be 

paleobiogeographically restricted to the 

« Catalan sub-province », linking, on the same 

margin but more to the west, Jura to Iberian 

Range. 

2006020201 

阿根廷火地岛新近系 Irigoyen 组有孔虫 : 

古生物地理意义 = Foraminifers from the 

Irigoyen Formation, Neogene, Tierra del 

Fuego, Argentina: Their paleobiogeographic 

significance. ( 其他 ). Malumian N, Scarpa R. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 363-376 

Two shaTwo shallow-water assemblages of 

benthic foraminifers of strong austral 

character are recognized in the Irigoyen 

Formation (Upper Miocene-Pliocene, Rio 

Irigoyen transtensive Basin, Atlantic coast of 

the Tierra del Fuego Island). The lower 

assemblage, dominated by Angulogerina 

angulosa fueguina (Malumian), is in general 

similar to the assemblage known from the 

Carmen Silva Formation; it contains 

"Trochoelphidiella" sp., previously described 

from the Antarctic Oligo-Miocene. The upper 

assemblage is dominated by Nonion hancocki 

Cushman and McCulloch, a species 

previously known only from the modern 

Peruvian coast, and contains frequent 

Cribrorotalia meridionalis (Cushman and 

Kellett), which is abundant from the Beagle 

channel up to the Peruvian coast as a living 

species, giving both species a Pacific aspect to 

the assemblage. This Pacific aspect, together 

with coincident morphoestructural features, 

suggest a direct shallow connection between 

the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by means of a 

Pliocene paleochannel, here called the 

"paleocanal de Hoces", similar to the modern 

Beagle channel. The Hoces paleochannel was 

64

unning on the areas occupied now by 

depressions such as the Seno Almirantazgo, 

the Fagnano Lake and the Irigoyen Basin, 

related to the Magallanes-Fagnano fault. 

2006020202 

阿根廷里奥内格罗省圣马蒂亚斯湾有孔虫 

Nonionella auris 的分布 = Distribution of 

Nonionella auris (d'Orbigny) (Forminiferida) 

in San Matias gulf, Rio Negro Province, 

Argentina.. ( 其他 ). Bernasconi E, Cusminsky 

G. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 167-174 

Qualitative, quantitative and statistic 

analysis on samples of surface sediments from 

San Matias Gulf, Rio Negro Province, 

Argentina, reveal a relationship between the 

type of substrate-depth and characteristics and 

distribution of the benthic foraminifer 

Nonionella auris (d'Orbigny). The study 

suggests that the development of this species 

is favoured in low energy and deep 

environments with muddy substrates. 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 

2006020203 

白垩纪中期 Parkeria Carpenter, 1870 ( 球 

形水螅虫 ) 属的分类学、个体生态学和古 

生物地理学 = Taxonomy, autecology and 

palaeobiogeography of the Middle Cretaceous 

genus Parkeria Carpenter, 1870 (spherical 

hydrozoan). ( 英文 ). Wilmsen M. Journal of 

Systematic Palaeontology, 2003, 1(3): 161- 

186 

A revision of the poorly known, colonial, 

spherical hydrozoan genus Parkeria Carpenter, 

1870 and its included species is presented. 

Corresponding skeletal architecture and mode 

of accretion confirm the suggestion that the 

genus belongs to the family Hydractiniidae 

Agassiz, 1862. A previous classification of 

Parkeria and the Late Triassic spherical 

hydrozoan genus Heterastridium Reuss, 1865 

within the family Heterastridiidae Frech, 1890 

was based on external morphology only. 

Considering the similarities of Heterastridium 

with representatives of the family 

Milleporidae Fleming, 1828, the 

Heterastridiidae may well be redundant. 

Parkeria sphaerica Carter, 1877, from the 

Late Albian/Early Cenomanian mainly of 

Europe, is characterised by an originally 

aragonitic, spherical skeleton up to 70 mm in 

diameter formed by concentric laminae and 

radiating pillars interlaced by stolonal tubes. P. 

cf. sphaerica from Oman lacks the concentric 

internal fabric and shows irregularly-formed 

skeletons; therefore, it is placed in the species 

with reservation. P. provalei Parona, 1909, 

from the Aptian of Italy, is smaller 

([similar]20 mm), has larger skeletal 

interspaces and lacks the strict incremental 

growth of P. sphaerica. The absence of 

external attachment areas in Parkeria suggests 

a free-living mode of life. The skeletons of P. 

sphaerica and P. provalei testify long-term 

uniform centrifugal skeletal accretion. 

Contrary to previous assumptions, they are not 

interpreted as floating (i.e. planktonic) 

colonies but as ‘benthic drifters’ that were 

constantly carried and drifted across the seabottom 

by currents and/or waves. This mode 

of life, where the zooids fed on benthic 

microorganisms, was aided by the lightweight 

design of the skeletons, the cavities of 

which were presumably filled with gas. 

Estimates of skeletal–interskeletal ratios and 

density calculations support the existence of 

weak buoyancy. The genus shows a rather 

disjunct palaeobiogeographical distribution in 

shallow seas of low to warm-temperate 

palaeolatitudes during the Aptian and Late 

Albian/Early Cenomanian. 

2006020204 

Emperador 灰岩的重新发现 : 巴拿马早中 

新世 Culebra 组的珊瑚类 = The Emperador 

limestone rediscovered: Early Miocene Corals 

from the Culebra Formation, Panama. ( 英文 ). 

Johnson K G; Kirby M X. Journal of 


Caribbean reefs underwent significant 

biotic change during the Late Oligocene and 

Early Miocene. This was a critical time in the 

evolution of the modern Caribbean fauna 

characterized by increasing endemism 

resulting from regional extinction of lineages 

that survive in the modern Indo-Pacific. An 

understanding of the dynamics and potential 

causes of the Oligocene/Miocene transition, 

however, is hampered by the relative lack of 

well-preserved Oligocene to early Miocene 

coral faunas in the Caribbean. Here we 

examine new exposures in the Culebra 

Formation of Panama that contain a wellpreserved 

coral fauna of Early Miocene age. 

Taxonomic, stratigraphic, and paleoecologic 

study of the Culebra Formation exposed along 

the Gaillard Cut of the Panama Canal allows 

us to infer the paleoenvironments and reef 

coral communities from the Panama Canal 

Basin during this critical interval. The Culebra 

Formation consists of a deepening upward 

sequence with shallow-lagoon sediments at 

65

the base, overlain by fringing reef facies in the 

middle of the section, and open-shelf to 

bathyal facies at the top of the section. We 

recovered 31 species of reef corals from a 

combination of new and old collections. 

Comparison of our collections with other Late 

Oligocene to Middle Miocene reef coral 

assemblages confirms that there was a major 

faunal turnover after deposition of the Upper 

Oligocene Antigua Formation. This turnover 

consisted of a large number of extinctions 

followed by an increased rate of first 

occurrences so that regional diversity did not 

change appreciably. Improved stratigraphic 

resolution at this and other Caribbean 

localities is required to understand fully the 

dynamics of change during the Oligocene/ 

Miocene transition. 

2006020205 

美国怀俄明州 Park City 组 ( 二叠纪 ) 中的 

海绵类 = Sponges from the Park City 

Formation (Permian) of Wyoming. ( 英文 ). 

Rigby J K; Boyd D W. Journal of 


A new small twiglike anthaspidellid sponge, 

Virgaspongiella ramosa new genus and 

species, and an incrusting lithistid sponge 

have been recovered from silicified residues 

of etched limestone blocks from the Middle 

Permian Franson Member of the Park City 

Formation in western Wyoming. 

Virgaspongiella n. gen. has a skeleton of 

upwardly and outwardly divergent trabs 

formed of merged tips of runglike 

dendroclone spicules in ladderlike series. One 

to a few oxeas function as coring spicules in 

the trabs and project as fine spines from the 

dermal surface, and other monaxial spicules 

project from pores of the canals. 

The incrusting sponge, Incrustatospongia 

superficiala new genus and species, forms a 

distinct, thin, uniform lithistid skeletal layer, 

composed largely of X-shaped dendroclones, 

incrusted on both the inner and outer surfaces 

of productoid brachiopod valves. Separated 

monaxial spicules locally protrude from the 

sponge's dermal surface apparently as spinose 

defensive elements. 

2006020206 

西南保山地块下石炭统新单体四射珊瑚 

Commutia exoleta 的种内变异 = 

Intraspecific variation in a new solitary 

Rugose Coral, Commutia exoleta, from the 

Lower Carboniferous of the Baoshan Block, 

Southwest China. ( 英文 ). Wang Xiangdong; 

Sugiyama T; Zhang Feng. Journal of 


Based on 137 specimens examined, the new 

species Commutia exoleta is characterized by 

a small, slightly scolecoid shape with 21 septa 

at a mean maximum corallite diameter of 6 

mm (range 3 to 10.5 mm); a persistent inner 

wall, which encloses an aulos with a mean 

maximum diameter of 1.2 mm, formed during 

an early ontogenetic stage when the axial ends 

of the cardinal, alar and counter-lateral septa 

fused; short counter septa are lacking in the 

earliest stage of development. 

Corallites are highly variable. Characters 

exhibiting a wide range of variation are: size 

and shape of corallites, number of septa, 

diameter of aulos and the timing of its 

appearance, number of septa connected to the 

inner wall, and the septal arrangement in each 

growth quadrant. Combinations of these 

variable characters result in corallites that are 

each uniquely different. Variations of those 

characters are partly due to stressed 

environments, such as unstable, muddy 

substrates resulting in corallite rejuvenescence 

and redirection. 

2006020207 

二叠纪六射珊瑚形 Numidiaphyllum 无性 

繁殖的古生态和系统发育意义 = 

Paleoecological and phylogenetic implications 

of asexual reproduction in the Permian 

Scleractiniamorph Numidiaphyllum. ( 英文 ). 

Ezaki Y. Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 

84–97 9 图版 . 

Numidiaphyllum is one of the Paleozoic 

scleractiniamorphs. The genus is characterized 

by a poorly integrated, uniserial fasciculate 

form with an epithecate wall and simple 

morphological traits. Parent corallites are 

divided into several daughter corallites using 

one mode of division among several 

theoretically possible alternatives. Bipartite 

increase is most common, followed by 

hexapartite and then tripartite increase. 

Daughter corallites possess relatively large 

diameters from the beginning, along with a 

robust colonial pattern. This parricidal 

increase caused the morphologies of both 

parent and daughter corallites to be greatly 

altered and to show high morphological 

variability. For ecological and structural 

reasons, co-occurring daughter corallites 

generally are equal or subequal in size. 

Daughter corallites initially show a bilateral 

symmetry in both outline and septal 

66

arrangement during the course of hysteroontogeny. 

However, this symmetry results 

only from structural necessity and is transitory. 

It is not homologous with the bilaterality of 

body plans characteristic of anthozoan groups. 

The morphological simplicity, related 

parricidal reproduction, and resulting poorly 

integrated growth form as seen in 

Numidiaphyllum, all suggest conservative 

features that could have resulted from 

phylogenetic antiquity within the 

scleractiniamorph body plan. Those 

generalized features are not themselves related 

to immediate phylogenetic relationships with 

any simply constructed rugosan group, nor 

would they have been due to surrounding, 

stressful ecologic conditions. They may have 

been phylogenetic-specific. 

2006020208 

K/T 界线的珊瑚 :Astrocoeniina, Faviina, 

Rhipidogyrina 和 Amphiastraeina 亚目的 

石珊瑚 = Corals of the K/T-Boundary: 

scleractinian corals of the suborders 

Astrocoeniina, Faviina, Rhipidogyrina and 

Amphiastraeina. ( 英文 ). Baron-Szabo R C. 

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2006, 

4(1): 1-108 

This taxonomic review of the scleractinian 

corals of the Maastrichtian and Paleocene 

period focuses on the scleractinian suborders 

Astrocoeniina, Faviina, Rhipidogyrina and 

Amphiastraeina. This, the first extensive 

compilation of coral species of the K/T 

(Cretaceous/Tertiary) boundary, deals with 

more than 2500 records of 550 nominal taxa. 

In addition to the re-examination and reevaluation 

of described forms, this study also 

includes the first description of the largest 

Maastrichtian coral assemblage known 

(consisting of about 4000 specimens from 

Jamaica), as well as new material from the 

Campanian–Maastrichtian of Argentina, 

Lower Maastrichtian of Mexico (Cerralvo), 

and the Paleocene of Austria (Kambühel– 

Kalke). A diagnosis is provided for each 

species, as well as for each higher-level 

taxonomic category and issues concerning 

taxonomic assignment are discussed in detail. 

The descriptions are accompanied by 

illustrations of representatives of each species 

and, in many cases, include illustrations of 

type or original material. Also included is the 

first comprehensive overview of the 

stratigraphical and geographical ranges of 

each taxon. In the four suborders evaluated in 

this paper, 123 valid species can be reliably 

documented as occurring in the Maastrichtian 

and/or the Paleocene. The largest number of 

species is in the suborders Faviina and 

Astrocoeniina. In the Faviina 62 valid species 

are known from the Maastrichtian, of which 

35 (56.5%) crossed the K/T-boundary, while 

in the Paleocene 14 new species appeared. In 

the Astrocoeniina 18 valid species occurred in 

the Maastrichtian, eight of which (44.4%) 

crossed the K/T-boundary and 16 new species 

appeared in the Paleocene. Only eight species 

of Rhipidogyrina and five species of 

Amphiastraeina occurred in the Maastrichtian 

and although two amphiastraeinid made it into 

the Paleocene, only one of the rhipidogyrinids 

crossed the K/T-boundary. No new species of 

Amphiastraeina appeared in the Paleocene. 

According to this revision on the genus level 

44 out of the 65 genera crossed the K/Tboundary, 

which is 67.7% (12 genera went 

extinct, 9 genera have their first occurrence in 

the Paleocene). In comparison to previous 

estimates this result (generic extinction of 

around 32%) represents the best estimation for 

scleractinian corals at present and corresponds 

to recently reported results of other 

macroinvertebrate groups after taxonomic 

revision (e.g. echinoids). 

2006020209 

西班牙北部坎塔布连山脉下泥盆统四射珊 

瑚 = Lower Devonian (Emsian) rugose corals 

from the Cantabrian Mountains, northern 

Spain.. ( 英文 ). Schroder S; Soto F. Acta 


558 

Two species of Lower Devonian rugose 

corals are described from the Cantabrian 

Mountains of Spain: Cantabriastraea 

cantabrica gen. et sp. nov. and Tabulophyllum 

bonarense sp. nov. The development of rootor 

buffer-like attachment structures ("rhizoid 

processes") in T. bonarense indicates adaption 

to the soft substrate and supports corallite 

stabilisation. Because of their strongly everted 

calices and a corresponding arrangement of 

trabeculae, the colonies of the genus 

Cantabriastraea are assigned tentatively to the 

Paradisphyllinae, constituting the first record 

of the subfamily in Western Europe. Some 

specimens give information on colonyformation 

of this taxon, which is induced by 

strong lateral budding (nonparricidal increase) 

of a remarkable large and long-lasting 

protocorallite. 

2006020210 

67

葡萄牙上侏罗统一新珊瑚海绵 -- 

Sobralispongia densespiculata = 

Sobralispongia densespiculata, a new coralline 

sponge from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. 

( 中文 ). Schmida D U; Werner W. 

Geobios, 2005, 38(5): 653-666 

From the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of 

Portugal, the coralline sponge Sobralispongia 

densespiculata nov. gen. and nov. sp. is 

described. Main characteristics are a crustose 

habit, a primary spicule skeleton of very 

densely packed styles and subtylostyles 

arranged in a plumose architecture, 

microscleres of possibly aster-type, and a 

microgranular to fibrous secondary calcareous 

skeleton. The primary mineralogy of the 

calcareous skeleton was probably high-Mg 

calcitic. An assignment to the demosponge 

Order Axinellida is proposed. 

2006020211 

Auloporida 目古生态 : 以波兰 Holy Cross 

山脉泥盆纪为例 = Paleoecology of 

Auloporida: an example from the Devonian of 

the Holy Cross Mts., Poland. ( 英文 ). Zapalski 

M K. Geobios, 2005, 38(5): 677-683 

Substrate specificity of Auloporida 

(Tabulata) from the Skały Fm. (Upper 

Eifelian–Lower Givetian) of the Holy Cross 

Mts., Poland, has been recognized. Kyrtatrypa 

sp., a rare species in the formation (under 5%), 

was the most often encrusted brachiopod 

(59% of investigated specimens), while the 

most often occurring brachiopod, Aulacella 

eifeliensis (de Verneuil) was nearly not 

encrusted. The majority of encrusted 

brachiopods were larger than 20 mm, while 

smaller brachiopods occur abundantly in the 

Formation. The substrate specificity has been 

caused mainly by the ornamentation of the 

host's shell. The position of corallites along 

the commissure of the brachiopod shell proves 

that auloporids often encrusted living hosts. 

The epizoan probably used water currents 

produced by brachiopod's lophophore 

impoverishing the host's food composition, 

their relationship can therefore be described as 

scramble competition. 

2006020212 

中国广西恭城奥陶纪笔石动物群特征与沉 

积环境 = Ordovician graptolite fauna 

characteristics and sedimentary environment 

of Gongcheng, Guangxi, China. ( 中文 ). 唐兰 . 

成都理工大学学报 , 2005, 32(2): 177-181 

论述桂北恭城奥陶纪笔石动物群特征及 

其岩性岩相特点。该笔石动物群属于华南 

型的珠江亚型 , 具有典型的太平洋型动物 

群的特点。奥陶系总体由一套具复理石建 

造特征的砂岩、板岩组成 , 自下而上为 : 

黄隘组、升坪组及田岭口组。笔石组合特 

征及岩相特点表明早奥陶世到中奥陶世早 

期该区为一快速堆积的槽盆沉积环境。中 

奥陶世黑色的笔石页岩为典型的半封闭缺 

氧的深水沉积环境 , 反映了海水逐步加 

深 , 水体也变得相对宁静。 

2006020213 

中国北羌塘盆地北部晚侏罗世索瓦组地层 

古生物新资料 = New data on stratigraphy 

and palaeontology of Upper Jurassic Suowa 

Formation in Northern Qiangtang Basin, 

China. ( 中文 ). 赵兵 . 成都理工大学学 

报 , 2005, 32(2): 167-172 

在北羌塘盆地北部乌兰乌拉湖地区测制 

了多条晚侏罗世索瓦组剖面 , 讨论了该区索 

瓦组的岩性组合特征、沉积环境及空间变 

化规律 . 首次系统研究了索瓦组双壳类、层 

孔虫及珊瑚化石的组合特征及地理分布 . 建 

立了一个双壳类生物组合带 , 一个层孔虫组 

合和一个珊瑚组合 . 确定索瓦组的地质时代 

为晚侏罗世牛津期 — 基默里奇期 . 

2006020214 

川北早志留世似包珊瑚属的两个新种 = 

Two Early Silurian species of Amplexoides 

Wang, 1947 from the north of Sichuan, China. 

( 中文 ). 唐兰 . 成都理工大学学报 , 2005, 

33(1): 24-29 2 图版 . 

在采自四川广元和朝天一带早志留世王 

家湾组的材料中发现具典型包珊瑚型隔 

壁 , 发育三级隔壁的单体珊瑚新类群。该 

类群边缘厚结带窄 , 一级隔壁长 , 几乎可 

达个体中心 ; 二、三级隔壁短 , 隔壁由层 

状组织组成 , 横板完整 , 近平列状或密集 

成束状 , 无鳞板。基本特点与似包珊瑚属 

(Amplexoldes Wang,1947) 最为接近 , 因 

而暂将该类群归入包珊瑚属 , 共有两个 

种 :Amplexoides trioseptatus sp.nov., 

Amplexoides modaoyaensis sp.nov.。根据 

新资料补充了似包珊瑚属的部分属征 , 讨 

论了 Amplexoides Wang 的主要类群、构造 

特点及其演化 , 并系统描述了两个新种。 

2006020215 

摩洛哥埃姆斯阶水热排放口的单种四射珊 

瑚组合 = Monospecific rugosan assemblage 

68

from the Emsian hydrothermal vents of 

Morocco.. ( 英文 ). Berkowski B. Acta 

palaeontologica Polonica, 2004, 49(1): 75-84 

Unique monospecific assemblages of small, 

solitary, nondissepimented rugose corals from 

the Devonian deep-sea hydrothermal venting 

systems of the Hamar Laghdad (Anti-Atlas, 

Morocco) are described. Assemblages of 

numerous rugosans (coral meadows) have 

been found around the outlets of venting 

channels irregularly forked within the Emsian 

mud mound sediments. The majority of rugose 

corals, which settled around vents, reveal a 

bizarre pattern of growth called here "calice-in 

calice". The phenomenon of "calice-in-calice" 

growth is related to selective survival of coral 

larvae i.e. it is postulated that the larvae, 

which settled within the calices of dead 

individuals were more successful in their 

development than those that settled elsewhere. 

They probably use empty calices as shelters 

against the physical (hot or poisoning fluids) 

or biological (predators) factors. The empty 

calices also provided a hard surface for 

attachment. The presence of numerous 

carapaces of ostracods within the calices of 

dead rugosans suggests a strong trophic 

relation between corals and ostracods, which 

lived around hydrothermal vents. The new 

genus and species Hamarophyllum belkai is 

proposed. 

苔藓动物 

2006020216 

热带美洲新近纪苔藓动物 Cupuladriidae 科 

I : 巴拿马地峡两侧现代苔藓动物 

Cupuladria 属的分类学 = Neogene 

Cupuladriidae of tropical America. I: 

taxonomy of recent Cupuladria from opposite 

sides of the Isthmus of Panama. ( 英文 ). 

Amalia H C; Dick M H; Sanner J; Jackson J B 

C. Journal of Paleontology, 2006, 80(2): 245– 

263 9 图版 . 

We used up to 28 morphological characters 

to discriminate and describe species of the 

genus Cupuladria based on entire colony 

specimens collected from both coasts of the 

Isthmus of Panama. The characters included a 

combination of zooidal features traditionally 

used in cheilostome taxonomy and 

nontraditional characters such as colony size, 

shape, and an index of calcification of the 

colony, as well as the size of the basal sectors 

and their number of pores. Species were 

discriminated by a series of repeated 

multivariate cluster and discriminant analyses 

until the majority of specimens were assigned 

to their putative species with high statistical 

confidence. Nontraditional characters 

contributed significantly to the power of the 

analyses. Colonies fell into two highly distinct 

groups most clearly recognized by the 

presence or absence of vicarious avicularia, 

which agrees well with previous molecular 

genetic analyses. Further analyses of each of 

these two groups considered separately 

resulted in the discrimination of eight species. 

These include two previously described 

Caribbean species, C. biporosa Canu and 

Bassler, 1919 and C. surinamensis Cadée, 

1975, and six new species: C. multesima, C. 

incognita, C. cheethami, and C. panamensis 

from the Caribbean, and C. pacificiensis and C. 

exfragminis from the eastern Pacific. There 

was also good correspondence between major 

clades within these morphologically defined 

groups and the previous molecular analysis, 

although 20% of the specimens could not be 

distinguished from their cognate (“geminate”) 

species from the opposite ocean. The high 

ratio of undescribed to described species and 

higher diversity in the Caribbean than eastern 

Pacific agree well with newly described 

patterns from other cheilostome genera based 

on similar analyses. Quantitative 

morphometric studies are essential to study 

biologically meaningful patterns of 

cheilostome speciation and macroevolution in 

the fossil record. 

2006020217 

澳大利亚新生代苔藓虫 1: 唇口目爪胞苔 

藓虫科新属 Nudicella: 系统分类、古环境 

和生物地理 = Australian Cainozoic Bryozoa, 

1: Nudicella gen. nov (Onychocellidae, 

Cheilostomata): 

taxonomy, 

palaeoenvironments and biogeography. ( 英文 ). 

Schmidt R, Bone Y. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(1): 

185-203 

The new bryozoan genus Nudicella 

(Onychocellidae, Cheilostomata) is proposed 

to accommodate the common and widespread 

Australian Cainozoic cheilostome bryozoan 

Eschara clarkei Tenison Woods, which is 

redescribed and subdivided into four species: 

N. clarkei (Tenison Woods), N. cribriforma sp. 

nov., N. latiramosa sp. nov. and N. tenuis sp. 

nov. Cellaria gigantea Maplestone is also 

reassigned to Nudicella. Colonies of this 

genus display a wide variety of growth forms, 

including cribrate fenestrate, flat robust 

branching, foliose, delicate branching and 

encrusting; their occurrences correlate with 

69

changes in sedimentary facies and 

palaeoenvironments. The distinctive cribrate 

style of fenestrate growth form has evolved 

convergently in unrelated bryozoan groups at 

various geological intervals. It is found in a 

wide variety of sedimentary facies, as in other 

coexisting opportunistic genera such as 

Celleporaria, indicating a wide ecological 

tolerance. The oldest recorded occurrence of 

Nudicella is in the Paleocene of north western 

Australia. From there it appears to spread 

south in the Eocene and then east towards the 

Otway Basin in southeastern Australia, where 

it occurs in the Oligocene and Miocene; no 

post-Miocene representatives of this genus are 

yet known. 

2006020218 

印度古吉拉特邦卡奇西部古近纪苔藓动物 

hippopodinid 类一新属 ----Archoporella = 

Archoporella ---- a new hippopodinid genus 

(Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from the Paleogene 

of Western Kachchh, Gujarat, India. ( 英文 ). 

Guha A K; Gopikrishna K. Neues Jahrbuch 

fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / 

Monatschefte, 2005, (7): 415-430 

Archoporella, a new hippopodinid 

cheilostome bryozoan genus with three new 

species (A. sepultica, A. capsulata and A. 

discidiata) is described from the Fulra 

(Middle Eocene) and the Maniyara Fort 

(Oligocene) formations of western Kachchh, 

Gujarat, India. The variability of different 

zooidal parameters of these three species is 

discussed. 

2006020219 

中国澄江化石库早寒武世具壳蠕虫类一新 

属种 = A new theca-bearing Early Cambrian 

worm from the Chengjiang fossil Lagerstatte, 

China. ( 英文 ). Han Jian; Zhang Xianliang; 

Zhang Zhifei; Shu Ddgan. Alcheringa, 2006, 

30(1): 

An elongate worm from the Early Cambrian 

Chengjiang fossil Lagerstatte, Laojieella 

thecata gen. et sp. nov., is described on the 

basis of two specimens. Its unique body plan 

features a tapering, spinose proboscis, an 

elliptical theca on the posterior part of the 

trunk, and a caudal appendage. It is considered 

to be most closely related to cycloneuralians, 

especially priapulids, but cannot be firmly 

assigned to any known phylum. Some of the 

common characteristics like the spinose 

proboscis, shared by other proboscis-bearing 

fossil worms in the Early and Middle 

Cambrian, suggest that the common ancestor 

for cycloneuralians had a zoned proboscis. 

Based on the presence of sand grains in the 

gut, the animal is viewed as a detritus feeder 

probably with occasional preying. 

腕足动物 

2006020220 

澄江 ( 下寒武统 , 华南 ) 稀有舌形贝腕足 

类 Xianshanella haikouensis 的新资料 = 

New data on the rare Chengjiang (Lower 

Cambrian, South China) Linguloid 

Brachiopod Xianshanella haikouensis. ( 英文 ). 

Zhang Zhifei; Shu Degan; Han Jian; Liu 

Jianni. Journal of Paleontology, 2006, 80(2): 

203–211 2 图版 . 

The remarkable brachiopod Xianshanella 

haikouensis, from the Early Cambrian 

Chengjiang Lagerstätte, was briefly reported 

based on only two extraordinarily preserved 

specimens. Details of valve interiors remain 

unknown due to a lack of available material. 

We herein reillustrate the holotype of X. 

haikouensis, and, on the basis of many 

additional specimens from the type locality, 

provide further information on this brachiopod 

taxon, including shell ornamentation, a U- 

shaped digestive tract, mantle canal systems, 

lophophores, muscle scars, and well-defined 

visceral areas in the valves. This exceptional 

brachiopod is characterized by a biconvex, 

rounded, knob-shaped shell lacking visible 

pseudointerarea in the valves, an elongate and 

muscular pedicle, and, especially, its 

possession of exceptional setal fringes. A 

restudy of a number of new specimens 

justifies assigning Xianshanella to the family 

Obolidae. The elongate and horny setae of X. 

haikouensis, coupled with the massive pedicle 

in many cases with its end attached to shells of 

other animals, indicate that this species was an 

epibenthic, sessile suspension feeder, attached 

by a pedicle. 

2006020221 

西特提斯早侏罗世一种小嘴贝腕足类新类 

型及其三叠系 - 侏罗系界线处小嘴贝类的 

系统意义 = A new Early Jurassic 

Rhynchonellid Brachiopod from the Western 

Tethys and implications for systematics of 

Rhynchonellids from the Triassic–Jurassic 

boundary. ( 英文 ). Tomašových A. Journal of 


A new multicostate rhynchonellid 

brachiopod Jakubirhynchia occurs in the 

Hettangian (Early Jurassic) carbonate deposits 

of the West Carpathians. A comparison with 

70

externally similar multicostate rhynchonellids 

from the Hettangian–Sinemurian carbonate 

deposits of the Alps shows their congeneric 

and conspecific status, indicating relatively 

wide regional distribution in the Early Jurassic 

of the western Tethys. Diagnostic characters 

include conjunct deltidial plates, divided, 

vertically inclined inner hinge plates forming 

sessile septalium, and subfalciform crura with 

relatively complex, serrate terminations and 

broad outline in lateral view. Although the 

shape of hinge plates and crura may vary 

according to shell convexity and shell 

orientation during serial sectioning, twodimensional 

restorations of cardinalia and 

crura show their distinctive morphology. It is 

important to note that some of the cardinalia 

details and crural shape can be detected only 

with very short between-section distances. 

Based on external characters, Jakubirhynchia 

is a homeomorph to another multicostate 

rhynchonellid, Calcirhynchia, typical of the 

Hettangian and Early Sinemurian of the 

northwestern Europe province and reported 

also from the Tethyan province. This suggests 

that original distribution of Calcirhynchia 

might not be so wide and postextinction 

multicostate rhynchonellids were 

taxonomically more diverse as was previously 

supposed. Jakubirhynchia consistently 

occupies offshore, low-energy, micritic-rich 

habitats below storm wave base. It is the first 

reported Hettangian member of the family 

Basiliolidae and may bridge the gap between 

the Carnian Veghirhynchia and Early Jurassic 

basiliolids. Preextinction, Norian and Rhaetian 

brachiopods that are close morphologic 

relatives of Jakubirhynchia are known from 

outside the western Tethyan area only. 

2006020222 

对北美中、晚泥盆世腕足裂线贝属 ( 裂线 

贝亚属 ) 和 ‘ 舒克贝属 ’ 的修订 = Systematic 

revision of the Middle and Late Devonian 

brachiopods Schizophoria (Schizophoria) and 

‘Schuchertella’ from North America. ( 英文 ). 

Stigall Rode A L. Journal of Systematic 


Schizophoria and ‘Schuchertella’, two 

common genera of Devonian brachiopods 

from North America, are systematically 

revised based on cladistic analysis. Several 

Early Devonian schizophoriid species are 

placed within S. (Eoschuchertella), while all 

other North American Devonian and 

Mississippian species studied are placed 

within S. (Schizophoria). Schizophoria meeki 

Fenton & Fenton is synonymised with S. 

macfarlanii Meek. Ancestral forms of 

Schizophoria (Schizophoria) were present in 

Europe and the Appalachian basin and 

inhabited outer platform environments 

through the Frasnian. Several independent 

lineages of S. (Schizophoria) persisted through 

the Late Devonian biodiversity crisis and 

subsequently colonised nearshore 

environments. Most cladogenetic events 

within North American species of S. 

(Schizophoria) occurred via dispersal 

mechanisms, while vicariant speciation was 

rare. Cladistic analysis of North American 

species assigned to ‘Schuchertella’ revealed 

that all species through the Frasnian belong to 

Floweria, an impunctate genus, while 

Famennian and later species belong to 

Schuchertella. The generic placement of the 

Devonian ‘schuchertellids’ is revised 

accordingly. Schuchertella and Floweria are 

superficially similar and exhibit an analagous 

(albeit temporally offset) evolutionary 

transition from free-resting ancestors to 

descendants with attached pedicle valves. 

Floweria also exhibits reduced rates of 

vicariant speciation compared to speciation by 

dispersal. The relative reduction in vicariant 

speciation has been documented for other 

Devonian taxa (bivalves, phyllocarids and 

trilobites) and may be an important control on 

faunal dynamics in North America during the 

Late Devonian biodiversity crisis. 

2006020223 

希腊中二叠纪腕足动物及其古地理意义 : 

希俄斯岛 Upper Unit 与冈瓦纳大陆联系的 

新证据 = Middle Permian brachiopods from 

Greece and their palaeobiogeographical 

significance: new evidence for a Gondwanan 

affinity of the Chios Island Upper Unit. ( 英文 ). 

Angiolini L; Carabelli L; Gaetani M. Journal 


185 

Wordian (Middle Permian) brachiopods 

from the allochthonous Upper Unit of Chios 

(Greece) are described and used to perform a 

palaeobiogeographical analysis to establish 

the palaeogeographical affinities of the unit. 

Species of the genera Stenoscisma Conrad, 

1839, Cleiothyridina Buckman, 1906, 

Martinia McCoy, 1844 and Dielasma King, 

1859 are reported for the first time from Chios 

and their systematic descriptions are given. In 

addition, the revision and discussion of the 

genus Kotlaia Grant, 1993 and its comparison 

with Orthotichia Hall & Clarke, 1892 are 

71

provided in the systematic section. A matrix 

of presence/absence data of Wordian (Middle 

Permian) brachiopod genera from Crimea, 

Sosio, Oman, Chios, the Salt Range and 

Timor was analysed using multivariate 

methods. Cluster analysis, principal 

coordinate analysis, non-metric 

multidimensional scaling, minimum spanning 

trees and bond analyses indicate a similarity 

between Chios and the Gondwanan data sets 

of Oman and the Salt Range. However, 

maximum dissimilarity is recorded when 

comparing Chios to the Crimean brachiopod 

faunas. This indicates a clear Gondwanan 

affinity of the Wordian brachiopods of the 

Upper Unit of Chios. 

2006020224 

瑞典晚奥陶世 Boda 灰岩 Strophomenate 腕 

足类 : 系统学及其古地理意义 = 

Strophomenate brachiopods from the Late 

Ordovician Boda Limestone of Sweden: their 

systematics and implications for 

palaeogeography. ( 英文 ). Cocks L R M. 


3(3): 243-282 

Brachiopods of the superfamilies 

Strophomenoidea, Plectambonitoidea and 

Chilidiopsioidea are revised and described 

from the late Ordovician (Middle Ashgill) 

carbonate mud mounds of the Boda Limestone 

of Sweden. The fauna is compared and 

contrasted with those from mud mounds of 

comparable age in England (the Keisley 

Limestone) and Ireland (the Kildare and 

Portrane Limestones). New strophomenoidean 

genera are Trondomena and Ungulomena 

(both Glyptomenidae), the latter within the 

new subfamily Ungulomeninae. A new 

subgenus is Leptaena (Ygdrasilomena) 

(Rafinesquinidae), and new strophomenoid 

species are Gunnarella magnifica, 

Holtedahlina suedica, Katastrophomena 

(Costistrophomena)? magna, Luhaia 

candelabra, Leptaena (Leptaena) bergstroemi, 

Leptaena (Ygdrasilomena) roomusoksi, 

Kiaeromena (Kiaeromena)? grandis, 

Trondomena bella, Ungulomena lindstroemi 

and Christiania dalarnensis; new 

plectambonitoidean species are Bimuria 

popovi, Leangella (Leangella) longae, 

Anoptambonites williamsi and Ptychoglyptus 

ingenuus. Ten more unnamed and probably 

new species and at least two more new genera 

are described under informal nomenclature (A 

to J). The Strophomenoidea, with at least 20 

named and unnamed species in the Boda 

Limestone, are found to have been much more 

diverse and endemic than the Boda 

Plectambonitoidea and the Chilidiopsoidea: 

the latter two superfamilies include no definite 

endemic genera and those that occur are 

relatively cosmopolitan in the low latitudes in 

which the Baltica Terrane was situated in the 

late Ordovician. Some faunal links are 

established with the neighbouring terranes of 

Avalonia, Laurentia and Siberia, but, in 

contrast to the plectambonitoideans and 

chilidiopsoideans, the relative endemicity of 

the Boda Strophomenoidea is striking and that 

local radiation was probably caused by the 

mid-Ashgill Boda Warming Event. 

2006020225 

加拿大魁北克省安蒂科斯蒂岛晚奥陶世 - 

早志留世扭月贝腕足类的壳质结构及其对 

系统发育 = Shell structure and its bearing on 

the phylogeny of Late Ordovician–Early 

Silurian Strophomenoid Brachiopods from 

Anticosti Island, Québec. ( 英文 ). Dewing K. 

Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 78(2): 275– 

286 4 图版 . 

Four shell types are recognized from 

strophomenide brachiopods from Anticosti 

Island based on their fibrous or laminar 

character and on the type of taleolae. The shell 

types consistently co-vary with the types of 

cardinal process and style of socket plates. 

Treating shell structure as a conservative, nonreversing 

character implies that there are four 

groups of strophomenide brachiopod. The 

laminar-shell strophomenoids probably 

originated two separate times; one origination 

giving rise to two groups within the 

Strophomenida and one origination producing 

the Orthotetida. This matches the Treatise 

classification with only minor variation. The 

fourth group, that with fibrous shell and 

trilobed cardinal process and which includes 

the Plectambonitoidea, does not clearly fit into 

the Strophomenata and may be more closely 

related to the Clitambonitoidea. A limited 

cladistic analysis supports the idea that shell 

structure should be an important factor in 

establishing evolutionary kinship and points to 

ways of optimizing the Treatise classification. 

2006020226 

华北晚奥陶世和早志留世五房贝腕足 

Holorhynchus kiaer, 1902 = The Late 

Ordovician and Early Silurian Pentameride 

Brachiopod Holorhynchus kiaer, 1902 from 

North China. ( 英文 ). Rong Jiayu; Zhan 

72

Renbin; Jin Jisuo. Journal of 


Holorhynchus giganteus , a common Late 

Ordovician (mid-Ashgill) pentameride 

brachiopod in the Baltic region, Kazakhstan, 

and southern Tien Shan, is documented for the 

first time from the Badanjilin Formation (mid- 

Ashgill) of western Inner Mongolia (Alxa 

block), North China. Serial sections of the 

Chinese material confirm the presence of a 

vestigial ventral median septum in the early 

growth stage of H. giganteus, but the septum 

becomes embedded in the secondary shell 

thickening at the adult growth stage. A survey 

of the type material from Norway and 

additional material from other regions 

indicates that the incipient ventral median 

septum is a much more commonly developed 

structure than was previously believed. The 

presence of a well-developed pseudodeltidium 

in the Tien Shan material of H. giganteus and 

the absence of such a structure in conspecific 

material from many other regions require a 

systematic revision of the generic group. 

Holorhynchus has rodlike crura (=brachial 

processes) that do not form flanges at their 

junctions with the inner hinge plates (=outer 

plates = crural plates) and outer hinge plates 

(inner plates). This, together with the 

development of a crude spondylial comb 

structure, points to its affinity to the 

Virgianidae rather than to the Stricklandiidae. 

Holorhynchus can be regarded as a Lazarus 

taxon because of its absence during the crisis 

(Hirnantian) and survival (early-middle 

Rhuddanian) intervals associated with the Late 

Ordovician mass extinction and its 

reappearance in Kazakhstan and North China 

during the Early Silurian (late Rhuddanianearly 

Aeronian). The mid-Ashgill 

Holorhynchus fauna, typified by a number of 

large-shelled pentamerides, was common in 

the Baltic region, the Urals, Kazakhstan, Tien 

Shan, Alxa, Qaidam, Kolyma, and east-central 

Alaska, but largely absent from Laurentia and 

Siberia (except for Taimyr) in the ancient 

tropical-subtropical regions. This 

paleobiogeographic pattern agrees with the 

general pattern of the Late Ordovician 

brachiopod provincialism. 

2006020227 

瑞典哥得兰志留纪腕足类 Leptaeninae 亚 

科 = Silurian Leptaeninae (Brachiopoda) from 

Gotland, Sweden. ( 英文 ). Hoel O A. 

Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2005, 79(2): 

263-284 

Strophomenid brachiopods belonging to the 

genera Leptaena and Lepidoleptaena are 

described from the uppermost Llandovery - 

Ludlow succession of Gotland, Sweden. In 

Gotland, Lepidoleptaena comprises the single 

species L. poulseni, and Leptaena includes 

four species: L. rhomboidalis, L. sperion, L. 

depressa and L. parvirugat n. sp. The 

distribution of the different species is largely 

substrate-dependent, with Leptaena 

ehomboidalis and Lepidoleptaena poulseni 

adapted to high-energy environments with 

firm substrates, whereas the remaining species 

preferred fine-graines substrates in low-energy 

environments. 

2006020228 

澄江化石库发现新舌形贝型腕足动物 = A 

new linguliform brachiopod from the 

Chengjiang Lagerstatte. ( 中文 ). 张志飞 ; 韩健 . 

西北大学学报 ( 自然科学版 ), 2004, 34(4): 

449-452 

目的报道澄江化石库中最新发现的舌形 

贝型腕足动物 -- 海口西山贝 (Xianshanella 

haikouensis gen. et sp. nov.). 方法运用经典 

古生物学方法 , 结合化石解剖、形态比较进 

行研究 . 结果贝体轮廓呈圆形 , 刚毛长、浓而 

坚硬 , 肉茎长而粗大 , 经鉴定为一新属、新种 . 

结论形态研究表明它们应属于圆货贝类 , 但 

可能的肌肉系统显示这类生物可能与神父 

贝类相关 ; 结合形态特点和生态特征 , 认为这 

类生物并非可能穴居生活 , 而以肉茎固着海 

底、营滤食生活 . 它们的发现丰富了澄江化 

石库腕足动物的多样性 , 对于理解早寒武世 

腕足动物分异有重要意义 . 

2006020229 

马来西亚半岛中带 Sungai Toh, Leptodus 

片岩产地的瓜达鲁普世腕足类 = 

Guadalupian (Middle Permian) brachiopods 

from Sungai Toh, a Leptodus shale locality in 

the Central Belt of Peninsular Malaysia. ( 英 

文 ). Campi M J; shi G R; Leman M S. 

Palaeontographica Abt.A, 2005, 273(3-6): 97- 

160 

Two brachiopod-bearing horizons were 

studied in detail at this locality, the lower one 

(Horizon 2 ) bearing a mixed plant and 

invertebrate assemblage, including the 

brachiopods Urushtenoidea chaoi, Leptodus 

richthofeni, anidanthus cf. sinosus, Acodarina 

dorashamensis, A. minuta and unidentifiable 

species of Linoproductus, Neochonetes, and 

Strophalosiina. Horizon 3 contains a more 

abundant and diverse brachiopod fauna, 

73

comprising a total of 57 species representing 

47 genera. It is suggested in this study that the 

age of the Sungai Toh locality is capitanian to 

possible Wuchiapingian, as it appears to 

correlate well with the Lengwu fauna fron 

Zhejiang in eastern China. the 

palaeobiogeographical affinities of the Sungai 

Toh fauna are interesting, mainly indicating 

strong Palaeo-equatorial affinities, while there 

are also some elements more typical of the 

cooler peri-Gondwana Region. 

2006020230 

晚石炭世早期腕足动物地理区系 = 

Brachiopod paleobiogeography of early stage 

of Late Carboniferous. ( 中文 ). 杨殿忠 ; 夏斌 . 

新疆地质 , 2004, 22(2): 143-150 

收集了全球范围内晚石炭世早期 

(Bashkirian-Moscovian 期 ) 的腕足动物化石 

共 176 属 , 同时参考珊瑚、菊石、植物等生 

物化石资料 , 将晚石炭世早期全球腕足动物 

划分为北极大区、特提斯大区和冈瓦纳 3 

个大区 . 北极大区包括北美北部、北亚 , 晚石 

炭世早期腕足动物特征属为 :Orulgania, 

Praehorridonia, Pseudosyrinx, Horridonia, 

Attenuatella, Tomiopsis, Syringothyris, 

Jakutoproductus, Alispirifer, Levipustula 等凉 

水型分子 ; 冈瓦纳大区包括南美南部、非洲 

南部、澳大利亚、我国藏南地区、印度、 

阿富汗等地区 . 腕足动物典型属为 : 

Levipustula, Alispirifer, Kitakamithyris, 

Syringothyris, Trigonotreta 等凉水型分子 ; 特 

提斯大区分布于晚石炭世早期中低纬度地 

区 , 包括西欧、中南亚、非洲北部、格棱兰 

岛北美南部、南美北部等地区 . 腕足动物特 

征属为 Enteletes, Orthotichia, Neochonetes, 

Juresania, Derbyia, Reticulatia, Kutorginella, 

Meekella, Anthracospirifer, Kozlowskia 等暖 

水型 . 

2006020231 

阿根廷前科迪耶拉北部中阿伦尼克阶圣胡 

安组最上部外斜坡相腕足动物组合的古生 

态和生物古地理意义 = An outer-ramp 

brachiopod assemblage from the uppermost 

San Juan Formation (middle Arenig), northern 

Argentine Precordillera: paleoecologic and 

biogeographic implications. ( 英文 ). Benedetto 

J L, Cech N. Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 27-44 

Rhynchonelliformean brachiopods from the 

Arenig outer-ramp carbonate facies exposed at 

the Guandacol-Gualcamayo depocenter 

(northern Precordillera basin) include the new 

species Orthidium guandacolensis, Taffia 

(Chaloupskia) minima and Leptella (Petroria) 

ventrocristata. Associated taxa are 

Archaeorthis sp., Ffynnonia sp. and Tritoechia 

(Tritoechia) sp. The overlying basinal black 

shales (Gualcamayo Formation) have yielded 

Pelonomia? sp. On the basis of the age of 

F,Ffynnonia occurrences in western 

Gondwana it is suggested that this genus 

migrated from the Famatina back-arc basin to 

the open platform waters of the northern 

Precordillera basin and then to shallower 

water settings of the carbonate ramp located to 

the south (in present coordinates), The studied 

assemblage is characterized by low values of 

richness, diversity and equitability. The nature 

of substrate is interpreted as the main 

controlling factor in the distribution of 

brachiopods through the carbonate ramp. The 

muddy substrates prevailing in the outer-ramp 

were colonized mainly by semi-infaunal 

(tritoechiids) and subsidiarily by liberosessile 

brachiopods (plectambonitoids), other 

suspension feeders are rare. In the ramp-tobasin 

and basinal black shales the decreasing 

oxygen level was probably the main barrier to 

permanent colonization of 

rhynchonelliformean brachiopods. 

Author Keywords: Lower Ordovician; 

Argentine Precordillera; brachiopods; 

paleoecolog 

2006020232 

类特提斯中部中中新世腕足类 Lingula = 

The brachiopod Lingula in the Middle 

Miocene of the Central Paratethys. ( 英文 ). 

Emig C C; Bitner M A. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(1): 181-184 

Two species of Lingula, L. dumortieri Nyst, 

1843 and L. dregeri Andreae, 1893, have been 

recorded from the Badenian of Poland. Reexamination 

of the specimens has shown that 

none of them can be referred to Lingula 

dumortieri (now Glottidia dumortieri). 

2006020233 

华南晚二叠世 Wuchiapingian 期煤系的灭 

绝后腕足类动物群 = Post-extinction 

brachiopod faunas from the Late Permian 

Wuchiapingian coal series of South China. ( 英 

文 ). Chen Z Q; Campi M J; Shi G R; Kaiho K. 


343-363 

This paper describes fourteen brachiopod 

species in eleven genera from the Late 

Permian Wuchiapingian Coal Series of South 

China. The post-extinction faunas, including 

74

survivors and the elements originating in the 

recovery peiod, have no life habit preference, 

but they were all adapted to a variety of newly 

vacated niches in the Late Permian oceans. 

Two new species, Meekella baipeiensis and 

Niutoushania chongqingensis, are described, 

and two Chinese genera, Niutoushania and 

Chengxianoproductus, are emended based on 

re-examination of the type specimens and 

newtopotype materials from the Lungtan 

Formation. 

2006020234 

中国云南省中奥陶世十字铺组腕足类 = 

Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician 

Shihtzupu formation of Yunnan Province, 

China. ( 英文 ). Zhan R B; Jin J S. Acta 


393 

The brachiopod fauna comprises 16 genera 

and 18 species, including one new genus 

(Halirhachis) and five new species 

(Glyptorthis sarcina, Protoskenidioides 

weixinensis, Halirhachis leonina, Leptellina 

spatiosa, and Leptestilina veturna). Cluster 

and principal component analyses of the latest 

Arenigian-mid-Caradocian faunas of the 

Upper Yangtze Platform with selected faunas 

of similar age from other palaeoplates or 

terranes indicate that the Weixin brachiopods 

have closest faunal affinities to those of the 

typical Shihzupu Formation in Guizhou 

Province and the Naungkangui Group of 

Burma. During latest Arenigian-mid- 

Caradocian times, the brachiopods of the 

Upper Yangtze Platform, sibumasu, and Chu- 

Ili palaeogeographical regions constituted a 

distinct faunal province, characterized by a 

large mumber of endemic taxa as well as 

regionally widespread genera such as 

Saucrorthis, Martellia, and Yangtzeella.This 

brachiopod faunal province has very low 

similarity coefficients with the coeval 

brachiopod faunas of Laurentia and Avalonia. 

2006020235 

奥地利钙质阿尔卑斯北部上三叠统礁生境 

的腕足类 = Brachiopods from the Upper 

Triassic reef habitats of the Northern 

Calcareous Alps.. ( 英文 ). Siblik M; Bryda G. 

Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 2005, 

111(3): 413-437 

Upper Triassic brachiopods from 2 

localities in the reef Dachstein Limestone of 

the SE Hochschwab massif in Styria, Austria 

are systematically described and illustrated. 

About 900 variably preserved specimens 

belong to 28 species, representing thus the 

most diverse brachiopod fauna known from 

the North Alpine Dachstein Limestone. This 

indicates that brachiopods were common 

inhabitants of reef habitats during the Alpine 

Norian. Oxycolpella, Sinucosta and 

Aulacothyropsis are dominant. Seven 

brachiopod species are known from the 

Kossen Formation (Rhaetian). Adygella 

biplicata (Dagys) and Ladinian Hungarispira 

loretzi (Bittner) are the newcomers in the 

Nordalpine Dachstein Limestone. In addition 

to brachiopods, only some fragments of 

bivalves were found. Conodonts of the species 

Epigondolella triangularis (Budurov, 1972) 

indicate the Early Norian age. 

2006020236 

摩洛哥法门阶小嘴贝类腕足动物 

Dzieduszyckia 的新观察 = New observations 

on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia 

from the Famennian of Morocco.. ( 英文 ). 

Balinski A; Biernat G. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 463-474 

The genus Dzieduszyckia is especially well 

represented and diverse in the Famennian 

strata of the Middle Atlas, Morocco. In this 

paper we re-study and re-illustrate the rich 

collection of Dzieduszyckia from Morocco, 

described by Henri and Genevieve Termier, 

and originally referred to Halorella or 

Eoperegrinella. New data on the internal shell 

structure of D. crassicostata, D. intermedia, 

and D. tenuicostata indicate great intraspecific 

variability in morphology. The structure of 

crura of three studied species demonstrates 

that subfamily Dzieduszyckiinae is better 

placed within the family Halorellidae, instead 

of Peregrinellidae. 

2006020237 

北祁连山东部早石炭世早期腕足动物群落 

的古地理意义 = Palaeogeographical 

significance of brachiopod communities of the 

early Early Carboniferous in eastern part of 

North Qilian Mountains. ( 中文 ). 高金汉 ; 王训 

练 ; 乔子真 . 古地理学报 , 2005, 7(4): 493-502 

北祁连山东部早石炭世早期经历了一次 

完整的海水进退旋回。此期该区腕足动物 

的演化明显受控于相对海平面变化。生存 

环境的稳定性似乎是群落演替过程能否持 

久进行的基础。在影响生物群落演替的诸 

多因素中 , 底质性质及其稳定性最为重 

要 , 其次是食物供应、海水盐度和水动力 

强度等。各群落在时间上相互取代的主要 

控制因素是海水深度 , 与海平面的变化直 

75

接相关。而造成这一时期腕足动物群落横 

向变化的主要因素除了海水深度外 , 陆源 

碎屑供应量、海水循环性以及含盐度都具 

有十分重要的影响。本区早石炭世早期腕 

足动物群落的生态位介于 BA1 和 BA2 之 

间 , 缺乏 BA3 至 BA5 较深水群落 (BA— 

Benthic Assemblage, 底栖组合 ), 说明该 

区早石炭世早期海水深度一般不超过 

10m。受沉积古地理环境的制约 , 本区早 

石炭世早期 BA2 生态域的主要分布范围局 

限于东部的景泰一带 , 向西水体明显变 

浅。 

软体动物 

2006020238 

冠螺类腹足动物与须鲸类尸骨的奇异关系 

= A novel trophic relationship between cassid 

gastropods and mysticete whale carcasses. ( 英 

文 ). Nesbitt E A. Lethaia, 2005, 38(1): 17 - 25 

Large cassid gastropods found in close 

association with Oligocene mysticete whale 

skeletons in a deep water setting indicate a 

novel trophic relationship. Bones of early 

mysticetes are preserved in close association 

with a recurring assemblage of bivalve taxa 

that are common components of fossil and 

recent hydrothermal vent and cold methane 

seep localities. Living members of these 

bivalve groups harbor sulfide-oxidizing 

autotrophic bacteria and comparisons with 

recent whale-falls indicate that they utilized 

bone-oil seepage. But unlike recent whalefalls, 

this fossil invertebrate assemblage is 

volumetrically dominated by large individuals 

of the cassid gastropod Liracassis apta that are 

preserved with their apertures adhering to the 

bone surfaces. Comparisons with recent 

cassoidean taxa and their ecological settings 

suggests that Liracassis apta belongs to the 

subfamily Oocorythinae, not Cassininae, and 

was an opportunistic scavenger in deep water, 

low oxygen environments. Oocorythine 

gastropods radiated rapidly on the 

northeastern Pacific margin during the Late 

Eocene and Oligocene to become the most 

commonly recorded gastropod in shelf and 

slope settings. 

2006020239 

中阿尔必阶 ( 下白垩统 )Christopher 组 

( 加拿大北极 Axel Heiberg 岛 Dragon 

山 )Gastroplitinid 类菊石和沟鞭藻类及 

Pseudogastroplites Jeletzky, 1980 属的修订 

= Middle Albian (Lower Cretaceous) 

Gastroplitinid Ammonites and Dinoflagellates 

from the Christopher Formation (Dragon 

Mountain, Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian 

Arctic Islands) and a revision of the genus 

Pseudogastroplites Jeletzky, 1980. ( 英文 ). 

Hall R L; Macrae R A; Hills L V. Journal of 


A large sample of excellently preserved 

ammonites from concretions concentrated at a 

single horizon near the base of the Macdougall 

Point Member of the Christopher Formation 

(Aptian–Albian age; Early Cretaceous) is the 

basis for recognizing a new species of the 

boreal ammonite genus Pseudogastroplites (P. 

draconensis). The dimorphic nature of the 

genus is established, two variants are 

recognized (P. draconensis var. robusta and P. 

draconensis var. gracile), and the generic 

diagnosis is emended. Retention of the genus 

Pseudogastroplites Jeletzky, 1980 as distinct 

from Gastroplites McLearn, 1930 is proposed. 

The concretions also yield Pseudopulchellia 

flexicostata (Imlay, 1961), inoceramid 

bivalves, fish remains, and a palynological 

flora, and are dated as late middle Albian. 

2006020240 

重现的菊石动物棱角菊石科、四角旋卷壳 

菊石 Entogonitidae 科和密西西比亚亚系生 

物地理 = The Lazarus Ammonoid family 

Goniatitidae, the tetrangularly coiled 

Entogonitidae, and Mississippian 

biogeography. ( 英文 ). Korn D; Klug C; 

Mapes R H. Journal of Paleontology, 2005, 

79(2): 356–365 2 图版 . 

A small early Late Viséan (Mississippian) 

ammonoid assemblage with Entogonites 

saharensis new species and Goniatites lazarus 

new species is described from the eastern 

Anti–Atlas of Morocco, being the first African 

record of Entogonites. The family 

Goniatitidae is a typical Lazarus taxon, which, 

after a gap representing approximately 10 

million years, reappears in the fossil record. 

The genera Entogonites and Goniatites have a 

wide paleogeographic distribution (northwest 

Laurentia, northern and southern Variscides, 

north Gondwana). This indicates ammonoid 

cosmopolitism at the genus level at the end of 

the middle Viséan, before late Viséan 

ammonoid provinces formed. Entogonites 

with tetrangularly coiled juvenile whorls and 

with a low aperture probably had a planktonic 

life-style. 

2006020241 

76

热带美洲 Columbellid 类 Conella 、 

Eurypyrene 和 Parametaria 属 ( 腹足纲 : 

新腹足目 ) 的系统发生关系 = Phylogenetic 

relationships of the tropical American 

Columbellid taxa Conella, Eurypyrene, and 

Parametaria (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda). ( 英 

文 ). Maintenon M J de. Journal of 


Conella, Eurypyrene, and Parametaria are 

three taxa of columbellid neogastropods native 

to the Neogene American tropics whose 

monophyly and relationships have 

traditionally been confused. The primary 

objective of this study is to reconstruct the 

phylogenetic relationships of the tropical 

American species in these genera, to evaluate 

their monophyly, and to establish their 

constituencies. Parsimony-based phylogenetic 

analysis was used to generate phylogenetic 

topologies, after which the shortest trees were 

evaluated to minimize stratigraphic debt using 

a stratigraphic character added to the data set. 

The morphologically most parsimonious 

topologies are well resolved but the main 

clades are not well supported. Stratocladistic 

evaluation of the most parsimonious trees 

resulted in four morphologically and 

stratigraphically shortest trees. Overall, the 

resultant trees suggest that Conella and 

Eurypyrene are monophyletic with minor 

changes to their traditional constituency, but 

the resulting trees do not support monophyly 

or constituency of Parametaria, except in a 

very restricted sense, or as a paraphyletic 

group including one or more other traditional 

genera. 

2006020242 

日本晚新生代双壳类 Panomya 属的综述 = 

An overview of the Late Cenozoic Bivalve 

Panomya in Japan. ( 英文 ). Nakashima R. 


519 2 图版 . 

Abundant fossil and modern specimens of 

the bivalve Panomya collected from Hokkaido, 

northern Japan, belong to five extant species, 

including P. norvegica and P. trapezoidis 

(both no longer present in Japan), and P. 

beringiana, P. nipponica, and P. ampla for 

modern specimens. I examine the taxonomy 

for these species around Japan and also for the 

extinct P. simotomensis and P. izumo from 

Japan and discuss the geographic history of 

Panomya. Panomya originated during the 

latest Oligocene to middle Miocene in the 

northeastern Gulf of Alaska. Subsequently, P. 

simotomensis and P. beringiana appeared in 

the early to late Miocene of northeastern Asia, 

while P. izumo and P. trapezoidis appeared in 

the middle to late Miocene of northeastern 

Asia and Alaska. Panomya nipponica, P. 

ampla, and P. norvegica appeared during the 

Plio–Pleistocene in northern Japan and Bering 

regions. All extant species evolved in the 

North Pacific; Panomya trapezoidis and P. 

norvegica extended their ranges to the North 

Atlantic in the middle Pliocene and early 

Pleistocene, respectively, and P. beringiana 

and P. ampla migrated into the Arctic Ocean 

in the late Pleistocene to Holocene. 

2006020243 

加利福尼亚州洛杉矶盆地中新世晚期粉砂 

岩中的船蛸类化石 ( 软体动物门 : 头足 

纲 : 章鱼目 ) = Fossil argonauts (Mollusca: 

Cephalopoda: Octopodida) from Late 

Miocene siltstones of the Los Angeles Basin, 

California. ( 英文 ). Saul L R; Stadum C J. 


531 1 图版 . 

Fossilized argonaut egg cases have been 

recovered from marine siltstones of the late 

Miocene exposed around margins of the Los 

Angeles Basin, California. Low radial ribs on 

the thin, keelless, planispirally coiled egg 

cases suggest referring them to Mizuhobaris 

lepta new species. Occurrence of these egg 

cases in fine-grained Monterey Formation 

sediments with mesopelagic fish fossils, 

nannofossils, and Foraminifera indicate 

deposition in middle-to-upper bathyal depths. 

Argonaut egg cases have been described from 

Tertiary strata in Japan, New Zealand, 

Sumatra, and Europe, but this is the first 

report of fossilized argonaut egg cases from 

the Western Hemisphere. Secretion of egg 

cases by argonauts probably developed during 

the Paleogene as a solution to problems of 

spawning encountered by octopi as they 

acquired an epipelagic, open-ocean habitat. 

Shape and sculpture of the egg cases represent 

responses to hydrodynamics rather than an 

inheritance from or copying of ectocochliate 

cephalopods. The cases may provide the eggs 

with protection from ultraviolet radiation 

present in the argonauts' near-surface habitat. 

2006020244 

阿根廷西北部早奥陶世 ( 晚特马豆克期 - 

中阿仑尼克期 ) 新的双壳纲和喙壳纲化石 

= New Bivalvia and Rostroconchia from the 

Early Ordovician (Late Tremadoc–Middle 

77

Arenig) of Northwestern Argentina. ( 英文 ). 

Sánchez T M. Journal of Paleontology, 2005, 

79(3): 532–541 2 图版 . 

New species of Early Ordovician bivalves 

and rostroconchs from the northwestern 

Argentina basin are described. Bivalves 

include the following species: Cienagomya 

bidentata new genus and species, 

Goniophorina tenuicostata, Lipanella 

purmamarcensis new genus and species, 

Ucumaropsis lermaensis new genus and 

species, and Coxiconchia babini new species. 

Among rostroconchs, Ribeiria pojetai new 

species is recognized. Cienagomya bidentata 

(late Tremadoc–early Arenig) may represent a 

phylogenetic link between the families 

Intihuarellidae and Cycloconchidae. The new 

family Lipanellidae is erected to include 

Lipanella n. gen. Recognition of Ucumaropsis 

n. gen. in the early Arenig attests to the 

important radiation of the Anomalodesmata in 

northwestern Argentina. 

2006020245 

秘鲁阿尔必阶菊石动物群 : 

Neodeshayesites Casey, 1964 = Albian 

Ammonite faunas from Peru: the genus 

Neodeshayesites Casey, 1964. ( 英文 ). Robert 

E; Bulot L G. Journal of Paleontology, 2005, 

79(3): 611–618 1 图版 . 

2006020246 

印度喀曲市晚提塘期 Tithopeltoceras 

Arkell( 菊石亚纲 ) 的记录及其地层和古 

生物地理意义 = Record of Tithopeltoceras 

Arkell (Ammonoidea) from the Late Tithonian 

of Kutch, India: its stratigraphic and 

paleobiogeographic significance. ( 英文 ). 

Shome S; Bardhan S; De S. Journal of 


2006020247 

肯塔基州东北部密西西比亚纪 ( 早 

Osagean 期 )Borden 组的 Cave Run Lake 

菊石动物群 = Mississippian (Early Osagean) 

Cave Run Lake Ammonoid fauna, Borden 

Formation, Northeastern Kentucky. ( 英文 ). 

Work D M; Mason C E. Journal of 


The Mississippian ammonoids 

Kazakhstania mangeri new species, 

Muensteroceras cf. oweni (Hall, 1860), and 

Masonoceras kentuckiense Work and Manger, 

2002 occur near the base of the Nancy 

Member of the Borden Formation in 

northeastern Kentucky. Associated conodonts 

indicate an early Osagean [Fern Glen or lower 

Burlington (Dolbee Creek Member) 

equivalent] age corresponding to the lower 

Ivorian Stage of the Belgian upper 

Tournaisian succession. 

2006020248 

上新世至现代冷水北大西洋软体动物的横 

跨大西洋扩张 : 从欧洲到美洲 = From 

Europe to America: Pliocene to Recent trans- 

Atlantic expansion of cold-water North 

Atlantic molluscs. ( 英文 ). Vermeij G J. 

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 


2550 

Data on the geographical distribution, 

phylogeny and fossil record of cool-temperate 

North Atlantic shell-bearing molluscs that live 

in waters shallower than 100m depth belong to 

two biogeographic provinces, one in eastern 

North America north of Cape Cod, the other in 

northern Europe. Amphi-Atlantic species, 

which are found in both provinces, comprise 

30.8% of the 402 species in the northeastern 

Atlantic and 47.3% of the 262 species in the 

northwestern Atlantic. Some 54.8% of these 

amphi-Atlantic species have phylogenetic 

origins in the North Pacific. Comparisons 

among fossil Atlantic faunas show that amphi- 

Atlantic distributions became established in 

the Middle Pliocene (about 3.5 million years 

ago), and that all represent westward 

expansions of European taxa to North 

America. No American taxa spread eastward 

to Europe without human assistance. These 

results are in accord with previous 

phylogeographic studies among populations 

within several amphi-Atlantic species. 

Explanations for the unidirectional expansion 

of species across the Atlantic remain uncertain, 

but may include smaller size and greater prior 

extinction of the North American as compared 

to the European fauna and biased transport 

mechanisms. Destruction of the European 

source fauna may jeopardize faunas on both 

sides of the Atlantic. 

2006020249 

华南广西象州和武宣中泥盆世腹足类 = 

Middle Devonian gastropods from Xiangzhou 

and Wuxuan, Guangxi, South China. ( 英文 ). 

Cook A G; Pan Huazhang. Alcheringa, 2004, 

28(2): 413-429 

Eighteen taxa of Middle Devonian 

(Givetian) gastropods, including two new 

genera and five new species, are present in the 

78

Tungkangling and Yingtang Formations, 

Wuxuan and Xiangxhou counties, Guangxi 

Province, China. Pingtianispira tuberculata 

gen. et sp. nov., Wuxuanella nodusa gen. et sp. 

nov. and Wuxuanella luifengshanensis sp. nov., 

Crenulazone wuxuanensis sp. nov. and 

Murchisonia luifengshanensis sp. nov. are 

erected from this distinct fauna. The fauna is 

dominated by nodose and unusual 

murchisonoids and has strong European and 

other Old World realm affinities. 

2006020250 

贵州南部晚二叠世克氏蛤属的意义 = 

Significance of Claraia from the Late Permian 

of South Guizhou, China. ( 英文 ). Gao Y Q, 

Yang F G, Peng Y Q. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(2): 

469-476 

Recently collected material of two Claraia 

taxa, Claraia zhiyunica Yang et al., 2001 and 

Claraia sp. nov. from the Late Permian of 

South China, are described. Late Permian 

Claraia species are compared with those from 

the Early Triassic, and the survival of Claraia 

across the mass extinction period across the 

Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) is discussed. 

2006020251 

马来西亚半岛瓜巴玛三叠纪西皮尔鹦鹉螺 

属及其区域地层意义 = Triassic nautiloid 

Sibyllonautilus from Gua Bama, Peninsular 

Malaysia and its regional stratigraphic 

implications. ( 英文 ). Sone M, Leman M S, 

Metcalfe I. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(2): 477-483 

Coiled nautiloid shells referred to 

Sibyllonautilus bamaensis Sone sp. nov. are 

reported from the top of the Gua Bama 

limestone hill in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. 

This is the first record of the genus in 

Southeast Asia; a pre-Ladinian, Triassic age is 

indicated for the occurrence. Based on the 

presence of Sibyllonautilus and previously 

reported Late Permian (Lopingian) 

foraminifers and algae, the Gua Bama 

limestones are interpreted to range from the 

Late Permian to the Triassic. It further seems 

plausible that some parts of Gua Bama are 

strati graphically correlated to those of the 

nearby Gua Sei limestone hill, which has 

yielded basal Triassic conodonts, and that 

either or both the Gua Bama and Gua Sei hills 

may contain yet unconfirmed successions of 

the Permian-Triassic boundary. 

2006020252 

澳大利亚新南威尔士 Lightning 山脊非海相 

早白垩世腹足类一新种 = A new non-marine 

Early Cretaceous gastropod species from 

Lightning Ridge, New South Wales. ( 英文 ). 

Hamilton-Bruce R, Kear B P, Smith B J. 

Alcheringa, 2004, 28(2): 485-492 

A new species of thiarid snail attributable to 

the extant genus Melanoides is described from 

the Early Cretaceous (middle-late Albian) 

non-marine deposits of the Griman Creek 

Formation at Lightning Ridge in northern 

New South Wales. It represents the oldest 

Australian record of the genus and the family 

Implications for the palaeoecology and 

distribution of Australian Cretaceous nonmarine 

gastropods are discussed. 

2006020253 

志留纪宽角螺型腹足类石化的软体组织 = 

Fossilized soft tissues in a Silurian 

platyceratid gastropod. ( 英文 ). Sutton M D; 

Briggs D E G; Siveter D J; Siveter D J. 



1044 

Gastropod shells are common in the fossil 

record, but their fossil soft tissues are almost 

unknown, and have not been reported 

previously from the Palaeozoic. Here, we 

describe a Silurian (approx. 425Myr) 

platyceratid gastropod from the Herefordshire 

Lagerstätte that preserves the oldest soft 

tissues yet reported from an undoubted crowngroup 

mollusc. The digestive system is 

preserved in detail, and morphological data on 

the gonads, digestive gland, pedal muscle, 

radula, mouth and foot are also available. The 

specimen is preserved three-dimensionally, 

and has been reconstructed digitally following 

serial grinding. Platyceratids are often found 

attached to echinoderms, and have been 

interpreted as either commensal coprophages 

or kleptoparasites. The new data provide 

support for an attached mode of life, and are 

suggestive of a coprophagous feeding strategy. 

The affinities of the platyceratids are uncertain; 

they have been compared to both the 

patellogastropods and the neritopsines. 

Analysis of the new material suggests that a 

patellogastropod affinity is the more plausible 

of these hypotheses. 

2006020254 

Baltoscandia 和英格兰早古生代微壳类竹 

节石两新属 = Two new microconchid 

(Tentaculita Boucek, 1964) genera from the 

Early Palaeozoic of Baltoscandia and England. 

( 英文 ). Vinn O. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie 

79

u. Palaontologie / Monatschefte, 2006, (2): 

89-100 

Two new genera of microconchids 

(Palaeoconchus and Annuliconchus ) are 

introduced from the Ordovician and Silurian 

of Baltoscandia and Silurian of England. The 

new genera represent the earliest record of 

microconchids. Spirorbis tenuis Sowerby from 

the Wenlock of England is assigned to 

Palaeoconchus n. gen., and Palaeoconchus 

minor n. sp. is described from the Upper 

Ordovician of Estonia. Spirorbis siluricus is 

assigned to Annuliconchus n. gen. A lectotype 

is selected for the latter species. 

2006020255 

德国片岩山脉 Schwelm 和 Hohenlimburg 

地区吉维特阶 "Massenkalk" 层的腹足类 = 

Gastropoda from the Givetian "Massenkalk" 

of Schwelm and Hohenlimburg (Sauerland, 

Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Germany). ( 英 

文 ). Heidelberger D; Koch L. Geologica et 

Palaeontologica, 2005, SB4(): 1-107 

In total, 76 species (including 16 new 

species) and 47 genera (including 3 new 

genera: Praeturbonitella, Strothia and 

Bensbergia ) are described, discussed and 

figured. Their occurrence in different 

localities and viriable assemblages is critically 

discussed. Each of the described localities 

contains a characteristically diverse and 

differentiated gastropod fauna. 

2006020256 

软体动物壳的蛋白质 = Molluscan shell 

proteins. ( 英文 ). Marin F; Luquet G. Comptes 


The shell secreted by molluscs is one of the 

most remarkable examples of a matrixmediated 

mineralisation performed outside 

living tissues. The calcifying matrix is a 

mixture of proteins, glycoproteins, and 

polysaccharides that precisely self-assemble 

and control the CaCO 3 polymorph (calcite, 

aragonite), the size, the shapes of the 

crystallites, and finally, the texture of the shell. 

In spite of several biochemical studies, the 

molecular aspects of the shell building are far 

from being understood. The present article 

makes an overview of the most recent 

molecular data on the proteinaceous 

components of the shell matrix. These data put 

into question the classical models of 

molluscan mineralisation. Furthermore, they 

show that shell proteins are diverse and 

multifunctional and that they may have 

different origins. 

2006020257 

西澳大利亚南部晚始新世双壳类畸铰亚纲 

内栖生物棒蛤型 Stirpulina 一新种和首次 

发现 = A new species and first record of the 

endobenthic clavagellid Stirpulina (Bivalvia : 

Anomalodesmata) from the late Eocene of 

southern Western Australia. ( 英文 ). Morton B. 

Alcheringa, 2006, 30(1): 103-110 

Stirpulina pallinupense sp. nov. 

(Clavagellidae) is described from the late 

Eocene Pallinup Formation of the Bremer 

Basin, southern Western Australia. The 

Tethyan Stirpulina is hitherto unrecorded from 

the southern hemisphere. During the late 

Eocene, elements of a Tethyan - Southwest 

Pacific fauna and other, more cosmopolitan, 

groups of molluscs extended their ranges to 

southern Australia, joining endemic species to 

form the distinctive, blended, fauna of the 

Pallinip Formation. 

2006020258 

Phyllopachyceras 属住室中的先驱体管膜及 

与其它菊石的比较 = Precursory siphuncular 

membranes in the body chamber of 

Phyllopachyceras and comparisons with other 

ammonoids. ( 英文 ). Tanabe K; Kulicki C; 

Landman N H. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(1): 9-18 

Organic membranes preserved in the rear 

part of the body chamber of the Late 

Cretaceous phylloceratid ammonite 

Phyllopachyceras ezoense were examined on 

the basis of well-preserved specimens from 

Hokkaido, Japan. The precursory siphuncular 

membranes are not associated with any other 

organic components such as the siphuncular 

sheets reported in some Paleozoic and 

Mesozoic ammonoids. Unlike the tube-like 

condition in the phragmocone, the precursory 

siphuncular membranes in the body chamber 

of the specimens examined do not form a tube 

shape; in the ventral side the membranes are 

truncated and directly contact the outer shell 

wall. These observations suggest that the inner 

and outer layers of the presursory siphuncular 

membranes in the body chamber were 

respectively formed by the siphuncular 

epithelium from the inner side and by the 

invaginated septal epithelium from the outer 

side. 

2006020259 

早三叠世腹足类一新属和二叠 / 三叠纪生物 

灭绝事件后腹足类的复苏 = A new Early 

80

Triassic gastropod genus and the recovery of 

gastropods from the Permian/Triassic 

extinction. ( 英文 ). Nutzel A. Acta 

palaeontologica Polonica, 2005, 50(1): 19-24 

The common Early Triassic gastropod 

Turbo rectecostatus from the upper Werfen 

Formation of the Alps is placed in the new 

genus Werfenella. The first appearance of 

Werfenella in the Olenekian, as well as the 

origination of other groups of gastropods, 

suggests an early turnover in the aftermath of 

the end-Permian mass extinction event. The 

new genus is placed in the caenogastropod 

family Purpurinidae and represents its earliest 

occurrence. 

2006020260 

阿根廷 Bahia Blanca 湾全新世微小软体动 

物遭受的生物侵蚀作用 = Bioerosion on 

Holocene micromolluscs in the Bahia Blanca 

Estuary, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Farinati E A, 

Spagnuolo J O, Aliotta S. Ameghiniana, 2006, 

43(1): 45-54 

In spite of their size, micromolluscs can be 

affected by bioerosive activity of organisms 

on their valves. Of 107 molluscs species found 

in Holocene sand shell ridges, 35% (38 

species) belong to micromolluscs. Only 22 

species show bioerosion on their valves. 

Among bioerosive structures are borings and 

etchings. Borings are due to predatory activity 

by naticid and muricid gastropods done in life 

of micromolluscs. The holes are circular and 

truncated cone-shaped. A single complete hole 

is invariably present on gastropods, while 

common multiple and uncomplete borings 

occur on bivalve shells. These borings are 

assigned to Oichnus simplex Bromley and 

Oichnus paraboloides Bromley. Another 

group of trace fossils is represented by 

etchings made by cheilostome bryozoans. The 

pits have elliptical morphology and are 

uniserially arranged on micromollusc valves; 

they are assigned to Leptichnus dromeus 

Taylor, Wilson and Bromley and are done 

either in life as postmortem. From an 

ethologic point of view the trace fossils have 

been grouped in two categories: predation 

structures (Praedichmia): Oichnus simplex and 

Oichnus paraboloides and dwelling traces 

(Domichnia): Leptichnus dromeus. 

2006020261 

阿根廷西北部早奥陶世双壳类 

Goniophorina 以及相关属的分类位置和系 

统演化关系 = Taxonomic position and 

phylogenetic relationships of the bivalve 

Goniophorina Isberg, 1934, and related genera 

from the Early Ordovician of northwestern 

Argentina. ( 英 ). Sanchez T M. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 113-122 

On the basis of collections from Tremadoc 

and Arenig successions of northwestern 

Argentina, the affinities of Goniophorina 

Isberg, 1934, are reassessed. Studied material 

includes ucumariids, lipanellids, 

Goniophorina, and other specimens for which 

the new genus Lossella is proposed with the 

new species L. juancruzi. sp. nov. as type 

species. Goniophorina and Lossella are 

grouped in the new family Goniophorinidae. 

Synapomorphies of goniophorinids, 

ucumariids, and lipanellids lead to the 

conclusion that Goniophorina integrates a 

major group of edentulous bivalves, a lineage 

of which -the ucumariids- probably gave rise 

to Anomalodesmata. This fauna represents a 

rapid, local diversification event that is part of 

the west-Gondwanan bivalve radiation during 

the early Ordovician. 

2006020262 

德国和摩洛哥早 - 中泥盆世附生在直角石和 

杆石头足类上的软体组织 = Soft-tissue 

attachments in orthocerid and bactritid 

cephalopods from the Early and Middle 

Devonian of Germany and Morocco. ( 英文 ). 

Kroger B; Klug C; Mapes R. Acta 


342 

Details of the soft-tissue attachment 

structures are sometimes preserved on the 

internal moulds of the body chmber and 

phragmocone of these cephalopods. Some of 

the studied Orthocerida show a very faint 

annular elevation and a dorsal furrow. A few 

Bactritida show a distinctive annular elevation 

with two circular bands. The new genus 

Acanthomichelinoceras is erected. 

Acanthomichelinoceras commutatum, 

Cycloceras sp., Bactrites gracile, Bactrites sp. 

A, Bactrites sp. B, and Bactrites sp. C are 

described. 

2006020263 

欧洲西北部塞诺曼阶八个箭石生物层及其 

重要性 = Eight belemnite biohorizons in the 

Cenomanian of northwest Europe and their 

importance. ( 英文 ). Mitchell S F. Geological 

Journal, 2005, 40(3): 363-382 

Eight belemnite biohorizons (BB) are 

recognized in the Cenomanian of northwest 

81

Europe, and can be related to both the 

ammonite zonal/subzonal and Cenomanian 

cyclostratigraphic schemes. These biohorizons 

are: BB I (Neohibolites praeultimus) in the 

basal Neostlingoceras carcitanense Subzone 

(Mantelliceras mantelli Zone); BB2 

(Neohibolites ultimus) in the upper N. 

carcitanense Subzone (M. mantelli Zone); 

BB3 (N. ultimus) in the Sharpeiceras schluteri 

Subzone (M. mantelli Zone); BB4 (N. ultimus) 

at the base of the Mantelliceras dixoni Zone; 

BB5 (N. ultimus) in the Cunningtoniceras 

inerme Zone; BB6 (Praeactinocamax primus 

and Belemnocamax boweri) in the lower 

Acanthoceras rhotomagense Zone; BB7 (B. 

boweri) in the middle A. jukesbrownei Zone; 

and BB8 (P. plenus) in the mid Metoicoceras 

geslinianum Zone. Belemnites are associated 

with deposits overlying the transgressive 

surfaces in the early transgressive systems 

tracts (BB2-4, BB6-8) or, rarely, with higherfrequency 

transgressive surfaces in lowstand 

deposits (BB5). Early transgressive systems 

tracts also commonly have small positive 

delta(13)C excursions, although there is no 

one-to-one correspondence between the 

excursions and the belemnite biohorizons. A 

review of delta(18)O curves for the 

Cenomanian Stage suggests little evidence for 

a temperature control on the distribution of 

belemnites 

2006020264 

波兰中中新世捕食海胆的 cassid 腹足类的 

钻孔捕食模式 = Patterns of drilling predation 

of cassid gastropods preying on echinoids 

from the middle Miocene of Poland. ( 英文 ). 

Zlotnik M; Ceranka T. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(3): 409-428 

The drill holes were produced presumably 

by one cassid species. The investigation 

showed that drilling predation intensities 

varied among the prey species. The patterns of 

drilling predation were mostl likely controlled 

by the potential energetic value of prey 

(measured by the internal volume/test 

thickness ratio), prey and predator mobility, 

prey mode of life, thickness and porosity of 

the prey's tests, as well as by the proportions 

between the size of the predator. The results 

suggest that the mode of life of the prey and 

its test structure can influence the drill hole 

morphology. 

2006020265 

玻利维亚南部下奥陶统双壳类及其古生物 

地理亲缘关系 = Lower Ordovician bivalves 

from southern Bolivia: paleobiogeographic 

affinities. ( 英文 ). Sanchez T M; Babin C. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 559-566 

Bivalves from the Sella Formation (middle 

Arenig, Tarija, Bolivia) are described and 

illustrated. The taxa recognized are 

Hemiprionodonta lusitanica (Sharpe), known 

from southern Europe (Spain, Armorican 

Massif, Montagne Noire), Redonia riojana 

Sanchez from the west-Argentina Famatina 

basin, and the new species Coxiconchia 

sellamsis. These species support the 

paleobiogeographic affinities between the 

south European (Armorica), Bolivian and west 

Argentine basins and corroborate the 

development of an extensive and continuous 

shelf throughout the northwest margin of 

Gondwana during the Arenig. Additionally, 

specimens at different stages of dental 

development of Natasia boliviensis (Babin 

and Branisa) are reported 

2006020266 

阿根廷丘布特巴塔哥尼亚石炭纪和二叠纪 

双壳类第三部分 : 壳莱蛤科、羽蛤科、 

小锉蛤科、弱海扇科、埃塞海扇科、类梳 

海扇科和扭海扇科 = Carboniferous and 

Permian bivalves from Patagonia (Chubut, 

Argentina). Part III: Families Mytilidae, 

Pterineidae, Limidae, Leptochondriidae, 

Etheripectinidae, Euchondriidae and 

Streblochondriidae.. ( 其他 ). Pagani M A. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 579-596 

This third part of the systematic analysis on 

the bivalve fauna of the Upper Paleozoic of 

the Tepuel-Genoa Basin (province of Chubut, 

Argentina) comprises families Mytilidae, 

Pterineidae, Limidae, Leptochondriidae, 

Etheripectinidae, Euchondriidae and 

Streblochondriidae. Abundant and well 

preserved specimens allowed the description 

of nine species, including the recognition of 

one new species, Heteropecten argentinaensis 

nov. sp., and new records of Promytilus? sp., 

Leptodiondria sp. and Euchondria? sp. On the 

basis of new material from the Tepuel-Genoa 

basin, the diagnoses of Leptodesina 

(Leiopteria) variabilis Gonzalez, Palaeolima 

antinaoensis Gonzalez, Eudiondria sabattinii 

Gonzalez, and Streblochondria sueroi 

Gonzalez are emended. The descriptions of 

these species are supplemented by new 

information and their geographical ranges are 

expanded. 

2006020267 

82

阿根廷内乌肯盆地马斯特里赫特阶和丹尼 

阶的突厥蛎族 ( 牡蛎科 , 巨蛎亚科 ) = 

Maastrichtian and Danian species of 

Turkostreini (Ostreidae, Crassostreinae) from 

the Neuquen Basin, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Griffin 

M; Casadio S; Parras A. Ameghiniana, 2005, 

42(2): 257-276 

The record of Turkostrea damboreneae 

nom. nov. and Cubitostrea primordialis n. sp. 

in the Maastrichtian Jaguel and Roca 

Formations and of Turkostrea argentina n. sp., 

in the Danian beds of the Roca Formation 

reveals that the two genera involved have a 

history that reaches back into the Late 

Cretaceous in northern Patagonia. Turkostrea 

damboreneae nom. nov. and Cubitostrea 

primordialis n. sp. are the two oldest 

representatives of the genera in which they 

belong. The two species of Turkostrea show 

clear affinities with other species of this genus 

that thrived in the Paleogene of the Northern 

Hemisphere. Cubitostrea primordialis n. sp. is 

closely allied to the previously known 

Paleocene species common in the region. 

While Turkostrea appears to have survived the 

Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary, it is not 

found in Patagonia in rocks younger than 

Danian. Cubitostrea also survived the 

Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary but, although 

for diverse reasons absent from Eocene- 

Oligocene rocks in southern South America, is 

again common in early and late Miocene 

sediments exposed at various localities there. 

Based on these records, the possible South 

American origin of the Turkostreini is 

discussed. 

2006020268 

现生和化石牡蛎壳莱蛤科 Lithophaga 属的 

丰度和分布 : 埋藏和古生物学意义 = 

Abundance and distribution of Lithophaga 

(Mytilidae) in extant and fossil oysters: 

taphonomic and paleobiological implications. 

( 英文 ). Mauna C; Casadio S; Parras A; 

Pascual M. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 395- 

405 

In this study we analyze the abundance and 

distribution patterns of Lithophaga patagonica 

in valves of Ostrea puelchana and compare 

them to those of Lithophaga sp. observed on 

the fossil species "Ostrea" patagonica and 

"Ostrea" alvarezii from the late Miocene 

Puerto Madryn Formation. No specimen of the 

fossil oysters showed borings of Lithophaga 

sp. on the interior surface of the valves. This 

suggests that they were produced while the 

oysters were still living and, at the same time, 

that the oyster beds were buried rapidly after 

death. In Ostrea puelchana the boring 

abundance was significantly higher for the left 

valve and, within it, the areas more heavily 

bored were the umbones and the platform. The 

same results were obtained for valves of 

"Ostrea" alvarezii, suggesting that this oyster 

showed life habits similar to the living one. 

On the other hand, in "Ostrea" patagonica the 

abundance of Lithophaga borings was the 

same on both valves. This agrees well with its 

life habit, in which the shells mainly are 

oriented almost vertically. The left valve of 

"Ostrea" patagonica showed no preferential 

location for the borings. In the right valves of 

"Ostrea" patagonica the posterior and anterior 

margins show perforation values that are 

higher than expected. Results suggest that the 

life position of oysters is one of the factors 

influencing the abundance and distribution of 

Lithophaga borings. This information is useful 

to infer the life position of fossil oysters and to 

reconstruct their taphonomic history. 

2006020269 

阿曼 Saiwan 组 Dickinsartella 动物群 : 证 

实沿冈瓦纳东北边缘早二叠世 Sakmarian 

晚期气候改善的双壳类动物群 = 

Dickinsartella fauna from the Saiwan 

Formation (Oman); a bivalve fauna testifying 

to the late Sakmarian (Early Permian) climatic 

amelioration along the north-eastern 

Gondwanan fringe.. ( 英文 ). Larghi C. Revista 

Espanola de paleontologia, 2005, 111(3): 

353-375 

The transitional faunas of the Permian Huqf 

succession of Oman make it one of the keysections 

for the intercalibration of Early to 

Middle Permian biostratigraphical scales. The 

abundance of fossils improved the knowledge 

of some marine faunas which populated the 

North-Eastern Gondwanan fringe during times 

of climatic changes in the Permian. A 

Sterlitamakian (upper Sakmarian, Lower 

Permian) bivalve fauna from the Saiwan 

Formation in the Huqf area, informally named 

"Dickinsartella Fauna", is described in the 

present paper. The specimens examined were 

collected from the "Pachycyrtella Bed" 

(Auctorum), the basal bed of the Formation in 

its type locality. The Dickinsartella Fauna can 

be identified for the presence of the new genus 

Dickinsartella, which dominates the bivalve 

thanatocoenosis with D. pistacina sp. n. (type 

species). The bivalve fauna from the 

Pachycyrtella Bed includes the new species 

Stutchburia sangallii and Promytilus 

mazzolenii, and also Astartella obliqua 

83

Dickins, 1963, Nuculopsis cf. bangarraensis 

Dickins, 1963,? Oriocrassatella sp., and 

indeterminable aviculopectinids. This fauna 

shows a low taxonomic diversity. 

Nevertheless, some species are represented by 

a high number of generally well-preserved 

specimens, i.e. some specimens of S. sangallii 

sp. n. and A. obliqua show part of the ligament. 

The good preservation of the shells permitted 

the microstructural analysis of D. pistacina sp. 

n. and S. sangallii sp. n. The microstructure of 

S. sangallii sp. n. supports the close 

phylogenetical link between modiomorphids 

and crassatelloids recognized by some 

previous authors. The new genus 

Dickinsartella includes the more recent 

species belonging to the important Paleozoic 

Order Cyrtodontida Scarlato & Starobogatov, 

1971. The discovery of Dickinsartella gen. n. 

and other taxa of the Pachycyrtella Bed, 

present also in the Sakmarian levels of the 

Carnarvon and Perth Basins in Western 

Australia, indicates a wider distribution of the 

Dickinsartella Fauna and confirms the 

correlation between Arabian and Australian 

series already remarked by previous authors. 

The Dickinsartella Fauna is the first bivalve 

fauna testifying to the climatic amelioration 

gradually affecting the North-Eastern 

Gondwanan fringe at the end of the Early 

Permian glacial events. This pioneer fauna 

spread out, probably in a cool-temperate 

climate, on the substrate provided by the mid- 

Sakmarian (basal Sterlitamakian) 

transgression, connected with the final stages 

of the Gondwanan deglaciation and/or with 

initial sea-floor spreading in the Neotethys. In 

the present paper some remarks on the 

autecology of the new species from the 

Pachycyrtella Bed are also discussed. 

2006020270 

阿根廷圣胡安省 Las Cambachas 地区 La 

Capilla 组石炭纪双壳类 = Carboniferous 

bivalves from the La Capilla Formation in the 

Las Cambachas area, San Juan Province, 

Argentina. ( 其他 ). Sterren A F. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 209-219 

A taxonomic analysis of the bivalve fauna 

from the Carboniferous La Capilla Formation 

was carried out. La Capilla Formation 

outcrops are located approximately 300 meters 

west of Las Cambachas village, San Juan 

province. Three species of bivalves are 

described and figured: Phestia sp., Schizodus 

sp. and Oriocrassatella ? sp. Bivalves are 

analized from a morpho-functional viewpoint 

mainly based on shell characters, they are 

infaunal shallow burrowers. Relationships 

between morphology and hypothetical life 

strategies are proposed. Compositional and 

taphonomic differences between the analyzed 

fauna from the Las Cambachas section and 

bivalves from the Las Juntas section are found, 

probably due to environmental variations. A 

Late Carboniferous age is suggested for the 

studied bivalves, in view of their occurrence 

with brachiopods belonging to the 

Levispustilla Zone. 

2006020271 

巴西白垩纪双壳类 Pinna cretacea = The 

bivalve Pinna cretacea (Schlotheim, 1813) 

from the Cretaceous of Brazil.. ( 英文 ). 

Seeling J; Bengtson P. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 475-480 

The bivalve Pinna cretacea is described 

from the Cenomanian-Coniacian Cotinguiba 

Formation of Sergipe Basin, north-eastern 

Brazil, and its mode of life and 

palaeobiogeographic distribution discussed. 

The specimens are generally found in life 

position with their articulated anterior end 

embedded vertically in the substrate, in 

analogy with Recent forms. Two 

representatives of the Family Pinnidae, are 

recognized in the Cretaceous of Brazil: 

besides P. cretacea, which is also known from 

the Albian of the Camamu Basin, Atrina 

reginamaris occurs in the Maastrichtian of the 

Pernambuco-Paraiba Basin. 

2006020272 

俄罗斯远东 Sakhalin 地区坎潘期鹦鹉螺 = 

Campanian (Late Cretaceous) nautiloids from 

Sakhalin, Far East Russia.. ( 英文 ). Wilmsen 

M; Yazykova E A. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 481-490 

Three nautiloid taxa, Cymatoceras 

pseudoatlas, C. cf. bifidum, and C. cf. honmai 

are recorded from the Campanian of Sakhalin, 

Far East Russia. These are the first 

biostratigraphically well dated nautiloids from 

Sakhalin, which show close affinities to 

nautiloid faunas from Japan, the two areas 

having formed part of a southerly 

palaeobiogeographical subprovince of the 

North Pacific Province. Possible relationships 

between shell form/ornament and preferred 

habitats of Late Cretaceous nautiloids are 

discussed. 

节肢动物 

2006020273 

84

北美上泥盆统新的平背 Archipolypodan 类 

马陆化石 = New flat-backed Archipolypodan 

Millipedes from the Upper Devonian of North 

America. ( 英文 ). Wilson H M; Daeschler E B; 

Desbiens S. Journal of Paleontology, 2005, 

79(4): 738–744 3 图版 . 

Two new flat-backed archipolypodan 

millipede taxa, Orsadesmus rubecollus n. gen. 

and sp. and Zanclodesmus willetti n. gen. and 

sp., are described from the Upper Devonian of 

Clinton County, Pennsylvania, and Miguasha, 

Québec, respectively. These new taxa are 

placed in the new family Zanclodesmidae 

within the order Archidesmida. Archidesmida 

have previously only been described from the 

United Kingdom, and their presence in North 

America confirms a geographic continuum in 

the millipede fauna across the Old Red 

Sandstone Continent during the Devonian. 

2006020274 

甘肃玉门红柳峡早白垩世下沟组的介形类 

= Eatly Cretaceous ostracods from the Xiagou 

Formation of Hongliuxia in the Yumen area, 

Gansu of NW China. ( 中文 ). 胡艳霞 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2004, 21(4): 439-455 4 图版 . 

本文描述了甘肃玉门红柳峡下沟组的介 

形类化石共 5 属 4 亚属、13 种。其中 1 新 

属、6 个新种、1 个比较种。根据介形类特 

征和地理分布 , 推测下沟组的时代为早白垩 

世巴列姆期 ; 同时结合玉门红柳峡下沟组的 

岩性特征 , 认为该组为淡水 — 微咸水河湖相 

沉积 . 

2006020275 

沙巴和沙捞越中新世和更新世的蟹 ( 甲壳纲 , 

十足目 ) = Miocene and Pleistocene crabs 

(Crustacea, Decapoda) from Sabah and 

Sarawak. ( 英文 ). Collins J S H; Lee C; Noad J. 


1(3): 187-226 

New species of fossil crabs are described 

and figured from the Miocene and Pleistocene 

of Sabah and Sarawak. The following three 

genera and 20 species are new: ? Paguridae 

gen. et sp. nov., Raninoides morrisi, 

Sabahranina trushidupensis (gen. nov.), 

Mursia bakenuensis, Gomezinus tuberculatus 

(gen. nov.), Saratunus longiorbis (gen. nov.), 

Lupocyclus karasawai, Galene litoralis, 

Xanthias miocenicus, Pilumnus fookimensis, 

Hyastenus sp., Parthenope clypeformis, 

Parthenope jugula, Nucia platyspinosa, 

Leucosia calcarata, Pariphiculus 

decemtuberculatus, 

Pariphiculus 

multituberculatus, Philyra trusanensis, 

Bicarinocarcinus tumidus, Pinnixa 

microgrannulosa, Retropluma laurentae. 

Emended descriptions and/or stratigraphical 

and/or geographical ranges are given for the 

following 18 species: Thalassina anomala 

(Herbst), Charybdis (C.) sp., cf. Charybdis (C.) 

annulata (Fabricius), Heikea tuberculatum 

nov. com. (Morris & Collins), Podophthalmus 

vigil (Fabricius), Podophthalmus fusiformis 

Morris & Collins, Portunus obvallatus Morris 

& Collins, Portunus woodwardi Morris & 

Collins, Cyclodius ungulatus (A. Milne 

Edwards), Carcinoplax sp. aff. Carcinoplax 

prisca Imaizumi, Hexapus decapodus (Morris 

& Collins), Pisoides sp., cf. Pisoides 

bidentatus (A. Milne Edwards), Nucilobus 

symmetricus Morris & Collins, Leucosia 

tutongensis Morris & Collins, Iphiculus 

sexspinosus Morris & Collins, Myra 

subcarinata Morris & Collins, 

Orthakrolophus bittneri (Morris & Collins), 

Macrophthalmus wilfordi Morris & Collins 

and Pinnixa aequipunctata Morris & Collins. 

As well as allowing description of new species, 

the material in the present collections contains 

species hitherto absent from the fossil record 

of Borneo sensu lato; the stratigraphical 

ranges of other species is extended. 

2006020276 

缅甸下白垩统 ( 阿尔拜阶 ) 缅甸琥珀节肢 

动物群 : 前言 = The Lower Cretaceous 

(Albian) arthropod fauna of Burmese amber, 

Myanmar: forward. ( 英文 ). Ross A J; York P 

V. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2004, 

2(2): 95-100 

This series of articles constitutes the second 

set of papers on Burmese amber, based 

primarily on the collections at the Natural 

History Museum, London (NHM). Since the 

first set of 11 papers was published in 2000, in 

the Bulletin of The Natural History Museum 

(Geology Series), there has been much interest 

and progress in the study of this amazing 

amber. This series of papers contains the 

descriptions of two new families, eight new 

genera and 14 new species of insect, a new 

genus and species of spider and a scorpion. 

Three species of insect and a species of 

millipede originally described by Cockerell 

are re-described here. Most of these specimens 

are represented by colour photographs (Plates 

1–4). A paper on a new wasp in French amber 

is included here because it discusses a 

Burmese amber specimen and is of the same 

age as Burmese amber. 

85

2006020277 

Raphidiomimula, 一个奇特的缅甸琥珀新蜚 

蠊 ( 昆虫纲 : 蜚蠊目 :Raphidiomimidae) 

= Raphidiomimula, an enigmatic new 

Cockroach in Cretaceous amber from 

Myanmar (Burma) (Insecta: Blattodea: 

Raphidiomimidae). ( 英文 ). Grimaldi D A; 

Ross A J. Journal of Systematic 


An intriguing new genus and species of 

cockroach (Blattodea), Raphidiomimula 

burmitica, is described in Cretaceous amber 

from Myanmar. Raphidiomimidae previously 

were known only as compression fossils from 

the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Karatau, 

Kazakhstan. The structure of the cockroaches, 

including the apparently raptorial forelegs of 

Raphidiomimula, suggests they were 

predatory. The new fossil has several features 

that are apomorphic and others that are 

plesiomorphic with respect to the two 

previously known genera, Raphidiomima and 

Cameloblatta. The relationships of 

Raphidiomimidae to other Blattodea and 

Dictyoptera remain obscure. 

2006020278 

白垩纪缅甸琥珀的 Niryasaburnia gen. nov. 

代替 ‘Liburnia’ burmitina Cockerell, 1917 

( 半翅目 , 蜡蝉亚目 , 颖蜡蝉科 ) = 

Niryasaburnia gen. nov. for ‘Liburnia’ 

burmitina Cockerell, 1917, from Cretaceous 

Myanmar (Burmese) amber (Hemiptera, 

Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae). ( 英文 ). Szwedo J. 


2(2): 105-107 

A new generic name, Niryasaburnia, is 

established for the Cretaceous Liburnia 

burmitina Cockerell described from Burmese 

amber. This new genus can be placed in the 

family Achilidae and supertribe Apatesonites, 

but is of uncertain tribal position. 

2006020279 

白垩纪缅甸琥珀中的介壳虫 ( 半翅目 : 蚧 

亚目 ) = Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) 

from Cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber. 

( 英文 ). Koteja J. Journal of Systematic 


Scale insect inclusions have been found in 

14 pieces of Lower Cretaceous (Upper Albian) 

Myanmar (Burmese) amber housed in the 

Natural History Museum, London. 

Burmacoccus danyi gen. et sp. nov. 

(Burmacoccidae fam. nov.), Albicoccus dimai 

gen. et sp. nov. (Albicoccidae fam. nov.), both 

archeococcids, and Marmyan barbarae gen. et 

sp. nov., a neococcid incertae sedis, are 

established on the basis of winged males, 

while an immature specimen of uncertain 

relationship is described. All of these taxa are 

considered to be extinct. Since each specimen 

represents a different group, the Burmese 

scale insects must have been abundant and 

diverse. They are also highly specialised 

(small size, reduced wing venation, 

microtrichia, long penial sheath, diverse tail 

devices), suggesting that the main radiation 

and specialisation of scale insects occurred 

prior to the Cretaceous. 

2006020280 

缅甸琥珀中的蠓 ( 双翅目 : 蠓科 ) = Biting 

midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from 

Burmese amber, Myanmar. ( 英文 ). 

Szadziewski R. Journal of Systematic 


Four new species in the extant genera 

Austroconops Wirth & Lee and Leptoconops 

Skuse are described from Burmese amber: 

Austroconops asiaticus, Leptoconops 

burmiticus, L. myanmaricus and L. rossi. 

Johannsenomyia swinhoei Cockerell is 

redescribed and assigned to the extinct genus 

Atriculicoides Remm, which is treated as an 

indicator group characteristic of the 

Cretaceous period. 

2006020281 

早白垩纪缅甸琥珀中的网蚊科化石 ( 双翅 

目 , 大蚊次亚目 ) = Fossil Limoniidae 

(Diptera, Tipulomorpha) from Lower 

Cretaceous Burmese amber of Myanmar. ( 英 

文 ). Krzeminski W.. Journal of Systematic 


Two new species of the family Limoniidae, 

Dicranoptycha fragmentata sp. nov. and 

Rhabdomastix 

(Palaeogonomyia) 

jarzembowskii sp. nov. from Burmese amber 

are described. Both genera were previously 

known only from Tertiary deposits and their 

discovery in the Late Albian Burmese amber 

of Myanmar extends their stratigraphic range 

significantly. 

2006020282 

缅甸琥珀中的 Hyptiogastrites electrinus 

Cockerell, 1917( 昆虫纲 : 膜翅目 ): 再描 

述及归入旗腹蜂总科 = Hyptiogastrites 

electrinus Cockerell, 1917, from Myanmar 

(Burmese) amber: redescription and its 

86

placement within the Evanioidea (Insecta: 

Hymenoptera). ( 英文 ). Jennings J T; Austin A 

D; Stevens N B. Journal of Systematic 


The wasp Hyptiogastrites electrinus 

Cockerell, 1917, from the Lower Cretaceous 

(Upper Albian) Myanmar (Burmese) amber is 

redescribed from the well-preserved holotype 

and its relationship with extant Aulacidae and 

Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) 

evaluated. Although the wing venation is 

identical to the majority of extant 

Hyptiogastrinae 

(Gasteruptiidae), 

phylogenetic analysis places H. electrinus as 

sister taxon to the Aulacidae s.str., (i.e. 

Aulacus + Pristaulacus). Thus, 

Hyptiogastrinae is confirmed as having a 

restricted Southern Hemisphere distribution 

(i.e. Australasia and South America). 

Consistent with this result, H. electrinus is 

included within a slightly more broadly 

defined Aulacidae rather than being placed in 

a new monotypic family. Characters that align 

this species with the Aulacidae include: 

having small circular eyes, percurrent Y- 

shaped notauli, pyramidal shape of the 

propodeum and the presence of a groove or 

ovipositor guide on the hind coxae. 

2006020283 

白垩纪缅甸琥珀中的粉蛉 ( 昆虫纲 : 脉翅 

目 : 粉蛉科 ) = The dustywings in 

Cretaceous Burmese amber (Insecta: 

Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae). ( 英文 ). Engel 

M S. Journal of Systematic 


The dustywing fauna (Neuroptera: 

Coniopterygidae) of Upper Albian Burmese 

amber is revised. Two species are recognised, 

one belonging to the subfamily 

Aleuropteryginae and one to the 

Coniopteryginae. The aleuropterygine species 

is placed in the genus Glaesoconis 

(Glaesoconis baliopteryx sp. nov.), a 

previously known fontenelleine genus from 

New Jersey and Siberian ambers. The 

apparent coniopterygine differs in several 

features of wing venation and is therefore 

placed in its own tribe: Phthanoconini nov. 

(Phthanoconis burmitica gen. et sp. nov.). A 

revised key to Cretaceous dustywing genera is 

provided. 

2006020284 

缅甸白垩纪琥珀中的 thorny lacewings( 脉 

翅目 :Rhachiberothidae ) = Thorny 

lacewings (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae) in 

Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. ( 英文 ). 

Engel M S. Journal of Systematic 


Fossils of thorny lacewings, family 

Rhachiberothidae, are described from Lower 

Cretaceous (Albian) amber from Myanmar 

(Burma). A new genus and species, 

Eorhachiberotha burmitica gen. et sp. nov., is 

characterised from a well preserved individual 

while a second species is reported from a 

fragmentary specimen. The geological history 

of the family is briefly reviewed. Whalfera 

nom. nov. is proposed for Fera Whalley (nec 

Fera Hong), an enigmatic, putative 

rhachiberothid in British amber (Baltic amber). 

2006020285 

缅甸白垩纪琥珀中的盗蛛科 ( 蜘蛛目 ) 一 

新属新种 = A new genus and species of 

Pisauridae (Araneae) in Cretaceous Burmese 

amber. ( 英文 ). Penney D. Journal of 


145 

The oldest pisaurid spider 

Palaeohygropoda myanmarensis gen. et sp. 

nov. (Araneae: Pisauridae) is described from 

100–107 Mya (Albian) Cretaceous amber 

(Burmite) from Myanmar (Burma). This 

specimen extends the known range of the 

family by approximately 60 My from the 

previously oldest record in Baltic amber. It 

predicts the presence of the extant spider 

families Zorocratidae, Tengellidae, 

Amaurobiidae and Nicodamidae at the same 

point in time and extends the ghost lineages of 

the remaining lycosoids, the stiphidioids, 

titanoecoids and Dionycha to the same point, 

thus providing further evidence that spiders 

were not severely affected by the end- 

Cretaceous mass extinction event. The new 

species provides evidence for freshwater 

habitats in the Cretaceous amber forest and is 

also the oldest record of a spider specialised 

for locomotion across the water surface film. 

The extant genus Hygropoda, to which the 

new genus is closely related, needs taxonomic 

revision. 

2006020286 

缅甸琥珀第二块白垩纪蝎子化石 ( 蛛形 

纲 : 蝎目 ) = The second Cretaceous 

scorpion specimen from Burmese amber 

(Arachnida: Scorpiones). ( 英文 ). Santiago- 

Blay J A; Fet V; Soleglad M E; Craig P R. 


2(2): 147-152 

87

A new specimen of Palaeoburmesebuthus 

grimaldii Lourenço, 2002, recently described 

from Cretaceous (Albian) Burmite, is reported. 

This is more complete than the holotype 

consisting of five scattered, unequal parts: a 

complete metasoma with an attached partial 

mesosoma bearing a visible stigma, a right 

pedipalp chela and three leg fragments. 

Comparisons to extinct and extant lineages of 

scorpions are made, although the partially 

observable trichobothrial pattern of the 

pedipalp chela precludes definitive family 

placement. The relative position of the 

fragments and the severe damage they have 

suffered imply that it was dismembered by a 

predator and provides the oldest evidence of 

scorpions being preyed upon by other animals. 

2006020287 

缅甸白垩纪琥珀中的 Phryssonotus 

burmiticus (Cockerell, 1917) 的鉴定 ( 倍足 

纲 , 毛马陆目 ,Synxenidae ) = The 

identity of Phryssonotus burmiticus (Cockerell, 

1917) (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Synxenidae) in 

Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. ( 英文 ). 

Rasnitsyn A P; Golovatch S I. Journal of 


157 

Based on a study of the holotype and of five 

presumably topotypic and conspecific 

juveniles, the millipede Phryssonotus 

burmiticus (Cockerell, 1917) from Lower 

Cretaceous (Albian) Myanmar amber 

(Burmite) is revised and redescribed. All 

relevant millipede material from Burmite can 

now be unequivocally assigned to 

Phryssonotus and represents the geologically 

oldest member of the order Polyxenida known 

to date. 

2006020288 

法国阿尔拜阶琥珀一个新奇的 

Evaniomorphan 蜂 ( 昆虫纲 : 膜翅目 ) = 

A new, enigmatic, Evaniomorphan wasp in 

the Albian amber of France (Insecta: 

Hymenoptera). ( 英文 ). Perrichot V; Nel A; 

Néraudeau D. Journal of Systematic 


Guyotemaimetsha enigmatica, a new genus 

and species of evaniomorphan wasp, is 

described from the French Albian amber. Its 

phylogenetic affinities are discussed. It has 

strong similarities with the genera Maimetsha 

and Cretogonalys, which are attributed to the 

Maimetshidae and Trigonalidae, respectively. 

The exact relationships of these Cretaceous 

taxa remain enigmatic. 

2006020289 

俄克拉荷马和纽约州中晚奥陶世塔尔虫属 

的系统修订及其新种描述 ( 三叶虫纲 : 

Illaenidae ) = A systematic revision of 

Thaleops (Trilobita: Illaenidae) with new 

species from the Middle and Late Ordovician 

of Oklahoma and New York. ( 英文 ). Amati L; 

Westrop S R. Journal of Systematic 


Illaenus Dalman, 1827 has long served as a 

wastebin for effaced trilobite species and the 

problem has been compounded in North 

America by the addition of Thaleops Conrad, 

1843 and Nanillaenus Jaanusson, 1954. This 

study takes the first step toward defining the 

relationships of Laurentian taxa within this 

group using cladistic methods. Parillaenus 

Jaanusson, 1954 forms a monophyletic group 

based on pygidial morphology that is distinct 

from Illaenus. Our analysis indicates that 

Illaenus is paraphyletic and requires major 

revision. Thaleops is a large group of species 

whose monophyly is supported by an 

unambiguous apomorphy: the presence of 

long articulating facets on the pygidium that 

are oriented at a high angle to the anterior 

margin of the pygidium. All but one basal 

member of the clade possesses a second 

apomorphy, posteriorly positioned palpebral 

lobes. Nanillaenus is not monophyletic and is 

synonymised with Thaleops. Several 

Laurentian species originally identified as 

Illaenus are reassigned to Thaleops. Seventeen 

previously named species are revised and reillustrated, 

four of which (I. arcturus Hall, 

1847; I. clavifrons Billings, 1859; I. punctatus 

Raymond, 1905; I. americanus Billings, 1859) 

are restricted to the type material. In addition, 

four new species, T. anusacerbissima, T. 

jaanussoni, T. mobydicki and T. laurentiana, 

are described from the Middle and Upper 

Ordovician Bromide and Viola Springs 

formations of Oklahoma and the Trenton 

Group of New York. 

2006020290 

内华达州西部 Montezuman 阶 ( 早寒武 

世 ) 的霍尔姆虫科 ( 三叶虫纲 : 火神虫亚 

目 ) = Holmiidae (Trilobita: Olenellina) of 

the Montezuman Stage (Early Cambrian) in 

Western Nevada. ( 英文 ). Hollingsworth J S. 


332 7 图版 . 

88

Holmiids are a major component of the 

trilobite fauna in the middle part of the 

Montezuman Stage, the lowermost stage of 

the Cambrian of Laurentia with a continuous 

trilobite record. They are less common in the 

upper Montezuman where nevadiids 

predominate and other trilobite families 

appear. New material from western Nevada 

allows a revision of these holmiids. 

Palmettaspis parallela Fritz, 1995 and 

Palmettaspis cometes (Fritz, 1995) are 

assigned to a new genus, Montezumaspis, 

based primarily on thoracic characters, 

including a prominent axial spine on the 

thorax. A second new genus, Grandinasus, is 

based on Esmeraldina argenta (Walcott, 

1910), in which the L3 lobe is incorporated in 

an expanded anterior lobe (LA) of the glabella. 

New species described are Esmeraldina 

elliptica, Grandinasus auricampus, G. patulus, 

Holmiella falx, and H. millerensis. The 

Laurentian taxa appear to be more primitive 

than the holmiids of Baltica by having simple, 

unfurrowed ocular lobes that are separated 

from the LA by an axial furrow. Three 

informal biofacies are suggested with a 

holmiid-dominated biofacies in a deep 

subtidal dysoxic environment, and two 

nevadiid-dominated biofacies in shallower 

subtidal environments. 

2006020291 

欧洲西南部托尔顿阶介形类 = Tortonian 

ostracodes of Southwestern Europe. ( 英文 ). 

Abad M; Ruiz F; Pendón J G; González- 

Regalado M L; Tosquell J. Geobios, 2005, 

38(5): 563-573 

This paper analyzes the lithostratigraphic 

features and the ostracode associations of the 

Tortonian deposits located in the western and 

central sectors of the Guadalquivir basin (S 

Spain). Eight facies associations are defined 

(FA-1 to FA-8), being deposited in fluvial to 

upper bathyal paleoenvironments. The 

ostracofaune confirms the Tortonian age of 

these deposits, where three ostracode 

associations are defined: (a) infralittoral (i.e. 

Urocythereis favosa, Cytheretta orthezensis, 

Callistocythere spp.); (b) circalittoral (i.e. 

Costa batei, Celtia quadridentata, 

Echinocythereis scabra, Pterygocythereis 

ceratoptera/jonesii); and (c) outer 

platform/talus (Henryhowella asperima; 

Cytherella spp.; Krithe spp.). A comparison 

with the Tortonian associations of 

southwestern France and Portugal permits to 

define a common ostracod zonation for 

southwestern Europe for this period. 

2006020292 

冰川 - 海平面升降对日本海更新世冷水介形 

虫组合的影响 = The effects of glacio-eustatic 

sea-level change on Pleistocene cold-water 

ostracod assemblages from the Japan Sea. ( 英 

文 ). Ozawa H; Kamiya T. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2005, 54(): 167-189 1 图 

版 . 

The Pleistocene palaeo-habitats and the 

extinction history of cold-water ostracods in 

the Japan Sea are recorded in its coastal strata. 

The presence of now-extinct species in the 

Omma Formation of central Japan (1.5 Ma) 

indicates that such species predominated in a 

shallow, open sea environment. The tolerance 

ranges of these species as to water temperature 

and salinity are inferred to have been narrower 

than those of most extant cold-water species in 

the same families that live in shallow open 

water, as well as in brackish inner bays. The 

horizons in the Omma Formation with peak 

relative abundances of now-extinct species 

differ from the horizons with peak abundances 

of living Japan Sea species. We therefore 

suggest that the now-extinct species were 

adapted to optimum temperature and salinity 

conditions that differ from those in the modern 

Japan Sea. The observation that few nowextinct 

species survived after 0.4 Ma may be 

explained by the hypothesis that 

physicochemical properties of the water 

masses changed. We argue that, during the 

glacial periods with increased amplitude (0.9– 

0.4 Ma), the salinity decreased as the result of 

glacio-eustatic changes and the closure of 

shallow straits owing to low sea levels, 

causing the extinctions. 

2006020293 

基于介形类 Mg/Ca 比值的中上新世深海底 

层海水温度 = Mid-Pliocene deep-sea bottomwater 

temperatures based on ostracode Mg/Ca 

ratios. ( 英文 ). Cronin T M; Dowsett H J; 

Dwyer G S; Baker P A; Chandler M A. 

Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 54(): 249- 

261 

We studied magnesium:calcium (Mg/Ca) 

ratios in shells of the deep-sea ostracode genus 

Krithe from a short interval in the middle 

Pliocene between 3.29 and 2.97 Ma using 

deep-sea drilling sites in the North and South 

Atlantic in order to estimate bottom water 

temperatures (BWT) during a period of 

89

climatic warmth. Results from DSDP and 

ODP Sites 552A, 610A, 607, 658A, 659A, 

661A and 704 for the period Ma reveal both 

depth and latitudinal gradients of mean Mg/Ca 

values. Shallower sites (552A, 610A and 607) 

have higher mean Mg/Ca ratios (10.3, 9.7, 

10.1 mmol/mol) than deeper sites (661A, 6.3 

mmol/mol), and high latitude North Atlantic 

sites (552A, 610A, 607) have higher Mg/Ca 

ratios than low latitude (658A: 9.8 mmol/mol, 

659A: 7.7 mmol/mol, 661A: 6.3 mmol/mol) 

and Southern Ocean (704: 8.0 mmol/mol) sites. 

Converting Mg/Ca ratios into estimated 

temperatures using the calibration of Dwyer et 

al. (1995) [Dwyer, G.S., Cronin, T.M., Baker, 

P.A., Raymo, M.E., Buzas, J.S., Corrège, T., 

1995. North Atlantic deepwater temperature 

change during late Pliocene and late 

Quaternary climatic cycles. Science 270, 

1347–1351] suggests that mean middle 

Pliocene bottom water temperatures at the 

study sites in the deep Atlantic were about the 

same as modern temperatures. However, brief 

pulses of elevated BWT occurred several 

times between 3.29 and 2.97 Ma in both the 

North and South Atlantic Ocean suggesting 

short-term changes in deep ocean circulation. 

2006020294 

北日本海底栖介形类生态分析 , 基于生活 

环境的海水性质和晚新生代化石记录 = 

Ecological analysis of benthic ostracods in the 

northern Japan Sea, based on water properties 

of modern habitats and late Cenozoic fossil 

records. ( 英文 ). Hirokazu Ozawa H; Kamiya 

T. Marine Micropaleontology, 2005, 55: 255- 

276 1 图版 . 

The ecology of ostracods in the northern 

Japan Sea is well documented. These 

ostracods can be grouped in two assemblages: 

(1) the Tsushima Warm Current Surface Water 

Assemblage (TWSA, northern), which lives in 

an environment where summer temperatures 

reach up to about 20 °C, winter temperatures 

up to about 5 °C. Several species in this 

assemblage, e.g., Loxoconcha optima and 

Pontocythere subjaponica tolerate seasonally 

low temperatures, and lived in the region since 

the early Pleistocene; (2) the Japan Sea 

Intermediate Proper Water Assemblage (JSI- 

PA), which lives at greater depths (lower shelf 

to upper slope). This assemblage lives under 

stable conditions, with a small annual range in 

temperature (0–5 °C). The assemblage has a 

relatively low diversity, contains species such 

as Acanthocythereis dunelmensis and 

Robertsonites spp., and has been present in the 

area since the Pliocene. These data indicate 

that the presently living species either tolerate 

seasonally low temperatures (TWSA, northern) 

or tolerate stable, but very low temperatures 

(near 0 °C), and therefore, they could survive 

the Pleistocene environmental fluctuations in 

the Japan Sea caused by glacio-eustatic 

changes in sea level. Our data document the 

survival of ostracod species during past 

climate change, and thus can be used to 

speculate on the effect of possible future 

climate change on the faunas. We predict that 

some of the cryophilic species in the Japan 

Sea cannot be expected to survive global 

warming for more than 2 centuries. 

2006020295 

巴西 Rio de Janeiro 州 Cabo Frio 近期介形 

类的生态及动物地理区系意义 = The 

ecological and zoogeographical significance 

of the sub-Recent Ostracoda off Cabo Frio, 

Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. ( 英文 ). Machado 

C P; Coimbra J C; Carreño A L. Marine 

Micropaleontology, 2005, 55(): 235-253 4 图 

版 . 

An environmental analysis based on the 

ostracod fauna was carried out on 43 sediment 

samples collected during the Geocosta Rio II 

Expedition to the northern continental margin 

of State of Rio de Janeiro, between the town 

of Cabo Frio and the Saquarema Lagoon 

(22°55′/23°5′S; 42°00′/42°20′W), Brazil. 

From a total of 67 species, 31 are considered 

to be new and are left in open nomenclature. 

Sedimentological and bathymetric parameters 

were compared with the relative frequency, 

dominance, diversity (Shannon-Wiener and 

Margalef indexes) and abundance of species in 

order to evaluate the environmental impact of 

those parameters on the distribution and 

occurrence of ostracods in the study area. 

Most of the recorded species are typical of the 

Southern Brazilian Subprovince (lat. 22/21° to 

31/30°S), but have their southernmost 

occurrences in the adjacent Platensian / 

Uruguayan /Pelotensis Subprovince (lat. 

31/30° to 36°S). In spite of the shallow depth 

from which the samples were recovered, the 

ostracod fauna is thus characterized as a coolwater 

assemblage; waters in the area may be 

cool because of extensive upwelling. 

2006020296 

伊朗卡尚地区古近纪介形类的发现 = 

Discovery of the Paleogene ostracods from 

Kashan block in Iran. ( 中文 ). 王世虎 ; 祁玉平 ; 

90

杨恒仁 ; 周文 ; 朱强 ; 李政 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2004, 21(2): 209-215 2 图版 . 

本文简要报道了发现于伊朗卡尚地区古 

近系的介形类 , 计 16 属 6 种、8 比较种、9 

未定种及 1 亲近种。根据介形类化石组合 

面貌 , 并结合钙质超微、沟鞭藻和有孔虫化 

石组合 , 认为含介形类化石的地层时代为始 

新世至渐新世 , 推测其沉积环境为正常浅海 

大陆架环境 , 而且为温暖浅海内陆架。 

2006020297 

多米尼家共和国的琥珀对树脂保存的化石 

分异度的影响 : 来自蜘蛛的实例 = 

Importance of Dominican Republic amber for 

determining taxonomic bias of fossil resin 

preservation—A case study of spiders. ( 英文 ). 

Penney D. Palaeogeography 

Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2005, 

22(1-2): 1-8 2 图版 . 

Fossils preserved in amber represent only a 

small fraction of the biota which was alive in 

the amber forest. In order to make accurate 

palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, it is 

necessary to determine the biases which affect 

preservation. Only the Baltic and Dominican 

Republic amber deposits have had inclusions 

described in sufficient quantities suitable for 

quantitative analyses. Baltic amber is twice 

the age of Dominican, with a correspondingly 

higher proportion of extinct supraspecific taxa, 

and was produced in a climate very different 

to that in the region today. Dominican 

Republic amber was formed in a tropical 

climate similar to that in the region today and 

many of the preserved spider supraspecific 

taxa are extant. Therefore, the fossil and 

Recent Hispaniolan faunas are directly 

comparable ecologically. Spiders (extinct and 

extant) are significantly more diverse than 

other groups for which Hispaniolan species 

diversity data are available. Thus, they form 

an ideal model for assessing taxonomic bias of 

Dominican amber preservation. 

This is the first time that taxonomic 

richness estimates have been made and 

compared quantitatively between extant and 

fossil amber faunas. Extant and extinct 

(Dominican Republic amber) Hispaniolan 

spiders are compared at family level. Overall, 

the two faunas are similar but some distinct 

differences are apparent. Hispaniolan 

representatives of the families 

Cyrtaucheniidae, Microstigmatidae, 

Ochyroceratidae, 

Palpimanidae, 

Tetrablemmidae, Agelenidae, Anapidae and 

Mysmenidae are known only from amber, 

whereas Drymusidae, Deinopidae, Desidae, 

Amaurobiidae, Prodidomidae and Zoridae are 

known only from the extant fauna. Many 

families have similar fossil and extant species 

diversities. Oonopidae and Dictynidae are 

significantly more diverse in amber. Many 

families currently known only from 

Dominican amber probably have undiscovered 

extant species on Hispaniola. Family species 

richness estimates were calculated for both 

fossil and extant spider faunas, but only those 

for the extant fauna provide results consistent 

with a neotropical spider assemblage. Fossil 

richness estimates were excessively high as a 

result of the large number of singletons. 

Nevertheless, the Dominican Republic is the 

only place on Earth where fossils in amber 

occur in sufficient numbers and that are 

closely related to the extant fauna, such that 

direct diversity/ecological comparisons can be 

made. Given future research directed at 

identifying spiders and other inclusions in the 

large amber collections amassed in Museums 

around the world, detailed comparisons of 

these faunas will allow us to better determine 

taxonomic biases associated with amber 

preservation. 

2006020298 

苏格兰莱尼 Windyfield 燧石中一个新的早 

泥盆的 trigonotarbid 蛛形类 = A new early 

Devonian trigonotarbid arachnid from the 

Windyfield chert, Rhynie, Scotland. ( 英文 ). 

Fayers S R; Dunlop J A; Trewin N H. Journal 


284 

A new, exceptionally preserved, 

trigonotarbid (Arachnida, Trigonotarbida, 

Palaeocharinidae), 

Palaeocharinus 

tuberculatus sp. nov. is described from the 

early Devonian (Pragian) Windyfield chert of 

Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, UK. The 

specimens found are almost twice the size of 

previous Rhynie palaeocharinids and display 

an autapomorphic, microtuberculate ornament 

over the whole body. This tuberculation and 

possible developing tergite and sternite 

divisions, which the microtubercles in places 

appear to define, show significant similarities 

with the possibly closely related 

Carboniferous family Anthracomartidae. 

2006020299 

一些古生代的 “ 原直翅目 ” 是原始的直翅 

类 : 主要的 wing braces 显示 “ 原直翅目 ” 

( 昆虫纲 ) 的一个新的分枝点 = Some 

Palaeozoic ‘Protorthoptera’ are ‘ancestral’ 

91

Orthopteroids: major wing braces as clues to a 

new split among the ‘Protorthoptera’ (Insecta). 

( 英文 ). Béthoux O; Nel A. Journal of 


309 

The Archaeorthoptera is an apomorphybased 

supra-ordinal clade of insect that mainly 

comprises the extant order Orthoptera and the 

fossil orders Caloneurodea and Titanoptera. 

Our knowledge of this group is, however, 

incomplete because some taxa assigned to the 

paraphyletic group ‘Protorthoptera’ have not 

been accurately described. Here we describe 

or re-describe Carboniferous material assigned 

to Omalia macroptera Van Beneden & 

Coemans, 1867, Coselia palmiformis Bolton, 

1922, Palaeomastax carbonis Handlirsch, 

1904, Omaliella ramosa n. gen. & n. sp., 

Eoblatta robusta (Brongniart, 1885), 

Ctenoptilus elongatus (Brongniart, 1893) n. 

comb., Ischnoptera diaphanes n. gen. & n. sp., 

Protodiamphipnoa gaudryi (Brongniart, 1885), 

Cnemidolestes woodwardi (Brongniart, 1893), 

Ischnoneura oustaleti (Brongniart, 1885), 

Narkeminopsis eddi Whalley, 1979 and 

Bouleites latipennis Lameere, 1917. These 

taxa are all assigned to the Archaeorthoptera, 

based on the presence of characteristic 

features in their wing venation. A new system 

of homologies of the median system is 

proposed, which implies the loss of vein MP 

has occurred in some of these taxa. Our new 

data demonstrate the weakness of the previous 

specific, generic, familial and ordinal 

taxonomies. 

2006020300 

亚洲新的中生代 Protomyrmeleontidae( 昆 

虫纲 : 蜻蜓目 :Archizygoptera) 及其新的 

系统学分析 = New Mesozoic 

Protomyrmeleontidae (Insecta: Odonatoptera: 

Archizygoptera) from Asia with a new 

phylogenetic analysis. ( 英文 ). Nel A; 

Petrulevicius J F; Martínez-Delclós X. 


3(2): 187-201 

The following damselfly-like 

protomyrmeleontid Odonatoptera are 

described from the Mesozoic of Eurasia: 

Ferganagrion kirghiziensis gen. et sp. nov., 

Paraobotritagrion gen. nov. for 

Paraobotritagrion tenuiformis (Zessin, 1991), 

Mongolagrion shartegensis gen. et sp. nov., 

Protomyrmeleon pumilio sp. nov., 

Protomyrmeleon kazakhstanensis sp. nov., 

Protomyrmeleon karatauensis sp. nov., 

Protomyrmeleon grandis sp. nov. The wing 

venations of protomyrmeleontid genera are 

homologised and the high morphological 

disparity in this family suggests that the 

Protomyrmeleontidae had very different 

modes of flight and consequently occupied a 

wide range of palaeoenvironments. A new 

phylogenetic analysis suggests that the fossil 

record is too scarce and incomplete to solve 

the phylogeny of the Protomyrmeleontidae. In 

particular, the current division of 

Protomyrmeleontidae in Triassagrioninae and 

Protomyrmeleontinae is only weakly 

supported. 

2006020301 

三叶虫科 Lichidae Hawle & Corda, 1847 和 

Lichakephalidae Tripp, 1957 的系统学 : 应 

用贝叶斯分析分析形态学数据 = 

Systematics of the trilobite families Lichidae 

Hawle & Corda, 1847 and Lichakephalidae 

Tripp, 1957: the application of bayesian 

inference to morphological data. ( 英文 ). 

Pollitt J R; Fortey R A; Wills M A. Journal of 


241 

The first cladistic and Bayesian analyses of 

the trilobite families Lichidae Hawle & Corda, 

1847 and Lichakepalidae Tripp, 1957 are 

presented. Thirty-one lichid genera and five 

lichakephalid outgroup taxa were coded for 48 

characters using published descriptions. Two 

methods of phylogenetic inference were 

adopted: (1) a maximum-parsimony (MP) 

approach and, for the first time in a 

palaeontological context, (2) a Bayesian 

inference (BI) approach. The consensus trees 

from the MP and BI analyses were 

topologically similar, but differed principally 

in the deeper branches (i.e. the relationships 

between major clades). The Lichidae is 

monophyletic with respect to the 

Lichakephalidae in both analyses. The 

Trochurinae (Thomas & Holloway, 1988) is 

well supported by both analyses. Other groups 

are also supported (i.e. Tetralichinae, 

Echinolichinae and Platylichinae); two, 

however, are not (i.e. Homolichinae and 

Lichinae). A classification is proposed that 

represents the main branching pattern of the 

MP tree and also incorporates many elements 

of the BI tree, whilst applying least violence to 

the existing usage of the taxa. The Lichinae as 

defined here consists, therefore, of four main 

groups and these are given tribal status: 

Echinolichini, Tetralichini, Platylichini and 

Dicranopeltini. The last taxon is re-erected to 

contain those taxa formerly placed in the 

92

subfamily Lichinae. Lichas is assigned to a 

monogeneric tribe, the Lichini. 

2006020302 

法国奥伊斯始新统最下部的琥珀中的新的 

啮虫 ( 昆虫纲 ) = New Psocoptera (Insecta) 

from the Lowermost Eocene amber of Oise, 

France. ( 英文 ). Nel A; Prokop J; Ploëg G D; 

Millet J. Journal of Systematic 


The Eocene psocopteran fauna from the 

amber of Oise is shown to be very diverse, 

with 10 recorded families, 11 species and four 

new genera. Psyllipsocus eocenicus sp. nov. is 

the oldest accurate representative of 

Psyllipsocus and, maybe, of the family, as the 

family attributions of the Cretaceous 

Khatangia inclusa Vishniakova, 1975 

and ?Psyllipsocus banksi Cockerell, 1916 

remain debatable. Thylacella eocenica sp. nov. 

is the oldest record of the Lepidopsocidae. 

The Recent re-presentatives of this genus are 

known from the Afrotropical region and 

Central and North America. Its discovery in 

the lowermost Eocene of France shows that its 

biogeographical range differed in the past. The 

apterous form of the liposcelidid 

Embidopsocus eocenicus Nel et al., 2004 is 

described. The empheriid Eoempheria 

intermedia gen. et sp. nov. seems to be more 

similar to Baltic amber taxa than to the 

Spanish Cretaceous genera. Eorhyopsocus 

magnificus gen. et sp. nov. is the first 

described fossil Psoquillidae. As ?Psylloneura 

perantiqua Cockerell, 1919 is not a 

Pachytroctidae but an incertae sedis stat. nov., 

Tapinella eocenica sp. nov. is the only valid 

representative of this family in the fossil 

record. Tapinella is now known from Africa, 

Madagascar, India, China, Japan and Oceania. 

Its presence in the Early Cenozoic of western 

Europe suggests that it was more widely 

distributed in the past. The manicapsocid 

Eomanicapsocus melaniae gen. et sp. nov. is 

closely similar to the Recent genus 

Manicapsocus Smithers, 1967 (Rhodesia). 

Despite its similarities to the Recent Mexican 

genus Proctroctopsocus Mockford, 1967 

(Troctopsocidae), we provisionally include 

Eoprotroctopsocus celinea gen. et sp. nov. in 

the Manicapsocidae. The lachesillid 

Eolachesilla eocenica sp. nov. is closely 

related to the Recent Chilean species 

Eolachesilla chilensis Badonnel, 1967b. We 

describe a fossil that we cannot separate from 

Archipsocus puber Hagen, 1882, previously 

known from Eocene Baltic amber. It is the 

oldest record of the family Archipsocidae and 

the first known insect species present in both 

the French and Baltic ambers. The 

amphientomid Amphientomum parisiensis sp. 

nov. is very similar to the Baltic amber species 

A. colpolepis Enderlein, 1905. 

2006020303 

科罗拉多州 Florissant( 上始新统 ) 的剑虻 

科化石 ( 昆虫纲 : 双翅目 ) = Fossil 

Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera) from Florissant, 

Colorado (Upper Eocene). ( 英文 ). Hauser M; 

Irwin M E. Journal of Systematic 


The previously reported fossil dipteran 

insects assigned to the family Therevidae from 

Florissant, Colorado, are re-examined and redescribed 

and photographs of all holotypes are 

included, together with detailed interpretive 

illustrations. Nebritus willistoni Melander, 

1949 is moved to the Order Trichoptera as 

incertae sedis; Psilocephala hypogaea 

Cockerell, 1909, is moved to the genus 

Taracticus in the family Asilidae (Diptera); 

while Ruppellia vagabunda Cockerell, 1927, 

is moved to the genus Apsilocephala in the 

family Apsilocephalidae. The new genus 

Palaeopherocera gen. nov. is erected for 

Psilocephala scudderi Cockerell, 1909, the 

only true therevid known from Florissant 

shale. 

2006020304 

Cnemidolestodea( 昆虫纲 ): 恢复一个原 

始的目 = Cnemidolestodea (Insecta): an 

ancient order reinstated. ( 英文 ). Béthoux O. 


3(4): 403-408 

The insect orders Caloneurodea, 

Titanoptera and Mantophasmatodea are 

restored (contra Hamilton 2003). The fossil 

insect order Cnemidolestodea Handlirsch, 

1937 is redefined. Its definition, diagnosis and 

relationships are reformulated. It includes the 

following genera: Cnemidolestes Handlirsch, 

1906; Protodiamphipnoa Lameere, 1917; 

Bouleites Lameere, 1917; Ischnoneura 

Brongniart, 1893; Narkemina Martynov, 1930; 

Narkeminospis Whalley, 1979; Aetophlebia 

Scudder, 1885; Amphiboliacridites Langiaux 

& Parriat, 1974; Paranarkemina Pinto & Pinto 

de Ornellas, 1980; Narkema Handlirsch, 1911. 

This clade has no known representatives 

younger than Late Carboniferous. This is the 

first evidence of the extinction of a high-rank 

insect taxon at this period. The hypothesis that 

insects experienced a faunal turnover from the 

93

Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian 

needs to be tested. 

2006020305 

北美西北太平洋的 Homolidae de Haan, 

1839 和 Homolodromiidae Alcock, 1900 科 

( 甲壳纲动物 : 十足目 : 短尾亚目 ) 及它们化 

石记录的再论述 = Homolidae de Haan, 1839 

and Homolodromiidae Alcock, 1900 

(Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the 

Pacific Northwest of North America and a 

reassessment of their fossil records. ( 英文 ). 

Schweitzer C E; Nyborg T G; Feldmann R M; 

Ross R L M. Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 

78(1): 133–149 4 图版 . 

New material collected from Cretaceous 

and Tertiary rocks of the Pacific Northwest of 

North America has prompted a reevaluation of 

the fossil record of the Homolidae de and the 

Homolodromiidae . The fossil records of the 

homolid genera Homola ; Homolopsis ; and 

Hoplitocarcinus are restricted, and 

Latheticocarcinus , which is synonymous with 

Eohomola and Metahomola , is reinstated as a 

distinctive genus. Thirteen new combinations 

resulted from reinstatement of 

Latheticocarcinus: L. adelphinus (), L. affinis 

(), L. atlanticus (), L. brevis (Collins, Kanie, 

and Karasawa, 1992), L brightoni (), L. 

centurialis (), L. declinata (), L. dispar (), L. 

pikeae (), L. punctatus (), L. schlueteri (), L. 

shapiroi , L. spiniga (), and L. transiens (). A 

new species, Latheticocarcinus ludvigseni, is 

described from Cretaceous rocks of British 

Columbia. The first fossil occurrence of the 

extant homolid genus Paromolopsis, P. 

piersoni new species, is recorded from 

Miocene rocks of Oregon. Paromola 

pritchardi is formally transferred to 

Dagnaudus as suggested by . The extinct 

family Prosopidae von is referred to the 

Homolodromioidea , following previous work. 

Palehomola gorrelli is transferred from the 

Homolidae to the Homolodromiidae, and the 

new genus Rhinodromia is erected to contain 

Homolopsis richardsoni , from Cretaceous 

rocks of British Columbia. A new terminology 

is suggested for describing the rostral area in 

homolodromiids, in an attempt to alleviate 

considerable confusion over that issue. The 

morphologic similarity of fossil and extant 

members in both the Homolidae and the 

Homolodromiidae suggest that these two 

brachyuran families are evolutionarily 

conservative, much as the lobsters are. In 

addition, the similar paleobiogeographic and 

evolutionary patterns seen in the two families 

suggests that either they are closely related or 

that brachyuran families exhibited similar 

evolutionary and dispersal trends early in their 

history. 

2006020306 

英属哥伦比亚三叠纪龙虾类 ( 十足目 : 螯 

虾亚目 ) 的一新科及其系统发育背景 = A 

new family of Triassic Lobsters (Decapoda: 

Astacidea) from British Columbia and its 

phylogenetic context. ( 英文 ). Amati L; 

Feldmann R M; Zonneveld J P. Journal of 


Chimaerastacus pacifluvialis, new genus 

and species, is established on the basis of 

fossils from the Middle Triassic Liard 

Formation of northeastern British Columbia. It 

has well-defined cervical, postcervical, and 

branchiocardiac grooves; three longitudinal 

ridges on the cephalic region; and true chelae 

on the first through third pereiopods. The 

morphological features of the carapace are a 

combination of traits used to define both the 

erymids and the glypheids. A cladistic 

analysis of 31 decapod genera defines the 

Astacidea as a monophyletic group, supports 

the inclusion of the Glypheoidea within the 

infraorder Astacidea, illustrates the 

relationships of the Glypheoidea with other 

astacid groups, and suggests erection of a new 

family, the Chimaerastacidae, for our new 

genus and species of decapod. Specimens of C. 

pacifluvialis are preserved in a sandy 

bioclastic floatstone that was deposited near 

the Peace River Embayment in the Middle 

Triassic. The host lithology suggests that the 

decapods inhabited a transitional environment 

between low relief biostromes and the 

shoreface. This environment provided a 

unique set of conditions that allowed 

exceptional preservation of the decapod 

material. 

2006020307 

苏格兰古生代多足类 ( 倍足纲 : 唇颚目 : 

Archipolypoda ) 的形态学和分类学 = 

Morphology and taxonomy of Paleozoic 

Millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: 

Archipolypoda) from Scotland. ( 英文 ). 

Wilson H M; Anderson L I. Journal of 


New millipede specimens from the 

Paleozoic of Scotland are described, including 

Archidesmus macnicoli , from the Lower 

Devonian (Lochkovian) Tillywhandland 

Quarry SSSI and three new taxa—Albadesmus 

94

almondi, Pneumodesmus newmani, and 

Cowiedesmus eroticopodus—from the mid 

Silurian (late Wenlock—early Ludlow) Cowie 

Formation at Cowie Harbour. Cowiedesmus 

eroticopodus new species is placed within the 

new Cowiedesmidae within the new order 

Cowiedesmida. Kampecaris tuberculata 

Brade-Birks from the Lower Devonian 

(Siegenian) of the Lanark Basin near Dunure 

is shown not to be a kampecarid myriapod, 

redescribed as Palaeodesmus tuberculata and 

placed order incertae sedis within 

Archipolypoda. 

Anthracodesmus 

macconochiei Peach is also redescribed and 

tentatively placed order incertae sedis within 

Archipolypoda. Archidesmus macnicoli, 

Albadesmus almondi, and Palaeodesmus 

tuberculata are each demonstrated to have 

broad sternites with laterally placed coxal 

sockets and paramedian pores containing 

paired valves. These pores are interpreted as 

having housed eversible vesicles. Some 

specimens of Archidesmus macnicoli and 

Cowiedesmus eroticopodus are male and have 

a pair of modified legs on trunk segment 8, 

identified as leg pairs 10 and 11, respectively. 

The presence of modified anterior legs 

restricted to segment 8 increases the range of 

variability known in modified appendage 

location in male millipedes and compounds 

existing uncertainty about using the presence 

of gonopods on trunk segment 7 as a 

synapomorphy of Helminthomorpha. An 

affinity between Archidesmida and 

Cowiedesmida is suggested based on 

possession of modified legs on segment 8 and 

Archidesmida + Cowiedesmida is placed 

along with Euphoberiida in Archipolypoda 

based on possession of free, broad sternites 

with bivalved paramedian pores and fused 

pleurotergites. The oldest known evidence of 

spiracles is demonstrated in Pneumodesmus 

newmani, proving that the oldest known 

millipedes were fully terrestrial. 

2006020308 

美国德克萨斯州宾夕法尼亚亚系 ( 莫罗 

统 ) 的介形虫动物群 = A Pennsylvanian 

(Morrowan) Ostracode fauna from Texas. ( 英 

文 ). Hoare R D; Merrill G K. Journal of 


A Lower Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) 

silicified ostracode fauna occurs just above the 

conformable Mississippian-Pennsylvanian 

boundary within the Barnett Formation in 

Texas. The fauna contains several taxa that 

were previously restricted to the Upper 

Mississippian and numerous taxa only known 

from the Lower Pennsylvanian. New taxa 

proposed include Amphissites (Amphissites) 

morrowanensis n. sp., Polytylites subrectus n. 

sp., Kirkbyella (Berdanella) delicata n. sp., 

Kindlella proscillata n. sp., Libumella 

walkerorum n. sp., Moorites tumidus n. sp., 

Leptoderos arytaina n. gen. and sp., and 

Cribroconcha prolixa n. sp. 

2006020309 

云南早寒武世澄江动物群稀有节肢动物新 

材料 = New specimens of rare arthropods 

from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Fauna, 

Yunnan, China. ( 中文 ). 徐光辉 . 古生物学 

报 , 2004, 43(3): 325-331 1 图版 . 

描述 3 块新的标本 , 分别是节肢动物 

Pisinnocaris sp., Tanglangia longicaudata 

Luo et Hu ,1999 和 Pygmaclypeatus daziensis 

Zhang ,Han et Shu ,2000。新的标本进一步 

增进我们对其形态结构特征的了解。通过 

与相关属种的比较 , 简要讨论其系统位置问 

题。 

2006020310 

西藏岗巴地区始新世介形虫化石组合 = 

Eocene ostracoda from Gamba, Xizang(Tibet). 

( 中文 ). 李国彪 ; 万晓樵 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 

43(3): 400-406 1 图版 . 

对西藏岗巴盆地层位最高的海相地层 — 

遮普惹组所含介形虫化石进行了分析和研 

究 , 共鉴定出 22 属、33 种 , 建立两个介形虫 

组合 : Paracypris mayaensis sp. nov. Bairdia 

zongpuxiensis sp. nov. 组合 ( 下部 ) 和 

Phlyctenophora zongpuensis-Semicytherura 

subsymmetros 组合 ( 上部 ) ; 讨论介形虫组合 

的特征及其地质时代 , 并与世界上其它地区 

有关地层进行对比 , 结合与之共生的有孔虫 

组合的时代特征 , 认为含该介形虫组合的海 

相地层 ——— 遮普惹组的时代应为始新世 

Ypresian—Priabonian 早期。描述 6 种 , 其中 

有 2 新种 : Paracypris mayaensis sp .nov . 和 

Bairdia zongpuxiensis sp .nov .。 

2006020311 

贵州遵义松林黑沙坡早寒武世牛蹄塘生物 

群中镇巴虫的发现 = Discovery of trilobite 

genus Zhenbaspis from the Lower Cambrian 

Jiutitang Biota at Heishapo, Songlin, Zunyi, 

Guizhon, China. ( 中文 ). 彭进 ; 袁金良 ; 赵元龙 ; 

杨荣军 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 407-415 1 

图版 . 

95

贵州遵义松林中南村黑沙坡下寒武统牛 

蹄塘生物群下部层位产有大型三叶虫 , 计有 

2 属 3 种 ,1 未定种 : Zhenbaspis subconica S. 

G Zhang in Lu et al., 1974, Z. longa Zhou in 

Lee et al., 1975; Zhenbaspis sp., Runnania 

similis Lee in Yin et Lee,,1978, 确认 

Zhenbaspis(Zhenxiongaspis)Lin Yin in Yin 

et Lee ,1978, 为 Zhenbaspis Chang et Chu in 

Lu et al.,1974 的同义名。探讨 Zhenbaspis 

的古地理分布及演化趋势。论文还描述与 

Zhenbaspis,Runnania 共生的 Tsunyidiscus 及 

Mianxiandiscus, 其中 Mianxiandiscus 产于下 

生物群即牛蹄塘组近底部 , 再次证实牛蹄塘 

下生物群的时代早于澄江生物群。 

2006020312 

广西寒武纪三叶虫 Dictyella 完整虫体的发 

现及其意义 = Discovery of a complete 

dictyella (trilobite) carapace fossil in Guangxi 

and its significance. ( 中文 ). 韩乃仁 ; 陈贵英 . 

古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 416-419 

Dictyella 属自 1933 年 T .Kobayashi 建立 

以来至今未发现完整虫体 , 最近在广西靖西 

果乐发现的 Dic tyella longispina Zhou 的完 

整虫体标本以及其尾部的内模、外模对其 

分类位置的确定有重要的意义。依据其面 

线 ( 为等称虫型面线 ) 及头鞍、尾部特征 , 把 

Dictyella 归于 Asaphacea 超科 Asaphidae 科 

和 Isotelinae 亚科较为合适。 

2006020313 

奥陶纪三叶虫 Omeipsis 

zhenxiongensisLuo,1974 的新材料 ( 英文 ) = 

New material of Ordovician trilobite Omeipsis 

Zhenxiongensis Luo, 1974. ( 中文 ). 罗惠麟 ; 周 

志毅 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 420-423 

对滇东镇雄羊场桃子崖 ( 北纬 2 7°36′5 3″, 

东经 10 4°37′4 2″) 和芒部刘家沟 ( 北纬 2 

7°36′2 2″, 东经 10 4°5 2′30″) 早奥陶世晚期湄 

潭组下部所产 Omeipsis zhenxiongensis 

Luo,1974 新材料作了研究 , 得以揭示 

Omeipsis Kobayashi,195 1 的完整形态特 

征。该属除尾部具有一长一短两对边缘刺 

外 , 其头鞍向前逐渐扩张并发育有粗壮前 

刺。Renhuaia Yin in Yin and Li,1978 应为 

Omeipsis 的晚出异名 , 因为两者头盖并无显 

著差异。 

2006020314 

推测的十足类 Gemmellaro, 1890 是叶虾亚 

纲 ( Palaeopemphicida: 

Palaeopemphidea ) 的独特成员 = The 

presumed Decapod, Palaeopemphix 

Gemmellaro, 1890, is a unique member of the 

Phyllocarida 

(Palaeopemphicida: 

Palaeopemphidae). ( 英文 ). Feldmann R M; 

Garassino A A; Schweitzer C E. Journal of 


Reevaluation of 21 specimens of Permian 

crustaceans from near Palermo, Italy, referred 

to Palaeopemphix , has resulted in transfer of 

the genus from the decapod Crustacea to a 

new suborder, the Palaeopemphida, and a new 

superfamily, Palaeopemphidae, of the 

archaeostracan Phyllocarida. 

2006020315 

广西中部上仑村下埃姆斯阶上仑组的中华 

豆石介族 ( 介形类 ) = Sinoleperditiini 

(Ostracoda) from the Lower Emsian Shanglun 

Formation at the Shanglun village, Central 

Guangxi, China. ( 英文 ). Wang Shangqi; 

Lundin R F. Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 

78(2): 349–358 2 图版 . 

The Shanglun Formation at the Shanglun 

locality contains a sinoleperditiine fauna of 

five species of which two are new 

[Sinoleperditia (Sinoleperditia) shanglunensis 

and Paramoelleritia (Paraleperditia) 

wangchengyuani] and one is left in open 

nomenclature because of inadequate materials. 

In this fauna, the ratio of the vertical height of 

the trailing chevron muscle scar to that of the 

adductor muscle scar (th:ah ratio) ranges from 

0.85 to 0.95 with a mean value of 0.90. On the 

basis of the sinoleperditiines and a beyrichiid 

ostracode, the upper part of the Shanglun 

Formation is correlated with the middle-to-late 

early Emsian Moding Formation. The 

sinoleperditiines and microfacies analysis 

indicates that the sediments bearing the fauna 

were deposited in a low energy restricted 

carbonate platform environment. 

2006020316 

法国阿尔特基希始新世 - 渐新世界线膜翅目 

Athalia 属的叶蜂化石 = A fossil sawfly of 

the genus Athalia (Hymenoptera: 

Tenthredinidae) from the Eocene–Oligocene 

boundary of Altkirch, France. ( 英文 ). 

Wappler, T; Hinsken S, Brocks J J, Wetzel A; 

Meyer C A. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(1-2): 7-16 

A new species of coleseed sawfly 

(Tenthredinidae: Athaliini) is described and 

figured from the Eocene–Oligocene ‘Rebberg’ 

quarry within the Fossiliferous Zone, a 

member of the Middle Salt Formation. Athalia 

vetuecclesiae n. sp. is the first representative 

of the Athalia group from the geological 

96

ecord. The new species is most similar to 

members of the A. vollenhoveni-group 

represented by only six species from Africa, 

but can be distinguished by details of antennal 

structure and length of spurs of the hind tibia. 

The phylogenetic position of the fossil within 

the Tenthredinidae*, its palaeoenvironmental 

implication, and the geological setting of the 

quarry are briefly discussed 

2006020317 

早始新世法国琥珀中膜翅目 Sphecidae 科 

最老的代表分子 = Oldest representatives of 

the Sphecidae: Trypoxylini in the Early 

Eocene French amber (Insecta: Hymenoptera). 

( 英文 ). Nel A. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(1-2): 17-24 

The oldest representatives of the sphecid 

tribe Trypoxylini are described from the Early 

Eocene amber of France, i.e. Eopison menieri 

gen. n., sp. n. and Pison eocenicus sp. n. The 

fore wing venation of Eopison is more 

complete than those of any Recent 

Trypoxylini, suggesting that the reduction of 

the submarginal cells in Sphecidae has a 

complex history. Recent Trypoxylini are 

parasites on spiders. The present discoveries 

suggest that this type of trophic relations were 

already established during the Early 

Palaeogene and maybe the Late Cretaceous 

2006020318 

华南下石炭统 Kulm 三叶虫 = Kulm 

trilobites (Lower Carboniferous) from S- 

China. ( 英文 ). Hahn G; Hahn R. 


371-375 

Some trilobite remains are described from 

the Lower Carboniferous/Mississippian 

(Tournaisian / Visean boundary) of S-China, 

representing two species: Liobole (Liobole) 

devuysti n. sp. and Liobole (Sulcubole) 

xiangzhouensis n. sp. Liobole is a typical 

member of the central European Kulm Facies 

and index fossil for the Erdbachian. For the 

first time, two Liobole species are recorded 

from outside of Europe. They demonstrate that 

a passage existed between Europe and East 

Asia across the Palaeothethys through wihich 

Kulm trilobites have occupied new 

geographical regions. 

2006020319 

黎巴嫩下白垩统琥珀中双翅目 

Psychodoidea 科一个新属种 Xenopsychoda 

harbi = Xenopsychoda harbi, a new 

psychodoid fly from the Lower Cretaceous 

amber of Lebanon (Diptera; Psychodoidea). 

( 英文 ). Dany Azar D; Ziadé K. Comptes 


Xenopsychoda harbi gen. et sp. nov. is 

described from the Lower Cretaceous amber 

of Tannourine (North of Lebanon) and is 

attributed to an incertae sedis family or 

subfamily. The discovery of this psychodoid 

fly shows a grate diversity of this group in the 

Early Cretaceous 

2006020320 

法国东北部孚日山脉 Gres a Voltzia 的昆虫 

Ephemeridea 超科 = The Ephemeridea 

(Insecta) from the Gres a Voltzia (early 

Middle Triassic) of the Vosges (NE France). 

( 英文 ). Sinitshenkova N D; Marchal-Papier F; 

Grauvogel-Stamm L; Gall J-C. 


377-397 

The study of the Ephemeridea (385 

specimens), enabled the description of two 

new genera based on wings and six new 

genera based on nymphs. The new monotypic 

wing genera are Toxodotes coloratus n. gen n. 

sp. and Triassodotes vogesiacus n. gen. n. sp.. 

Apart from the genera based on wings, six 

new monotypic genera are represented by 

nymphs only: Triassoephemera punctata, 

Voltziaephemera fossoria, Triassomanthus 

soria, Triassonurus doliiformis, Minorella 

virgata and Vogesonympha ludovici. The 

morphology of the Ephemeridea nymphs, at 

least for some of them, enables the 

interpretation of their probable habitats and 

life conditions, and thus contributes to our 

knowledge of the Gres a Voltzia 

palaeoenvironment 

2006020321 

德国下泥盆统 Hunsruck 页岩 Weinbergina 

opitzi 的一块新标本 = A new specimen of 

Weinbergina opitzi (Chelicerata: Xiphosura ) 

from the Lower Devonian Hunsruck Slate, 

Germany. ( 英文 ). Moore R A; Briggs D E G; 

Bartels C. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2005, 

79(3): 399-408 

A new specimen of the synziphosurine 

arthropod Weinbergina opitzi is described. It 

is the smallest and only the fifth specimen of 

this taxon to be described and is preserved in 

ventral aspect with exceptional preservation of 

prosomal and opisthosomal appendages. This 

specimen confirms the presence of a seventh 

appendage, similar in morphology to the 

97

preceding prosomal appendages, associated 

with opisthosomal segment one. In addition, at 

least three opisthosomal plates fringed with 

teeth are confirmed. Correlation of prosomal 

appendage podomeres between Weinbergina 

and selected chelicerate taxa shows that 

appendage structure is most similar to 

eurypterid appendages III-IV and Araneae 

appendages III-VI. This is in contrast to 

modern horseshoe crabs which have fewer 

podomeres in appendage II-V due to an 

undifferentiated tibiotarsus. 

2006020322 

内蒙古侏罗纪道虎沟组双翅目新的冬大蚊 

化石及其共生的生物群 = New winter crane 

flies (Insecta: Diptera: Trichoceridae) from the 

Jurassic Daohugou Formation (Inner 

Mongolia, China) and their associated biota. 

( 英文 ). 张俊峰 . Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2006, 43(1): 9-22 

Four extinct new species referable, 

respectively, to three extinct new genera 

within Trichoceridae have been recovered 

from the Jurassic Daohugou Formation in 

Ningcheng, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China: 

Archaeotrichocera ephemera gen. et sp. nov., 

Tanyochoreta integera gen. et sp. nov., 

Tanyochoreta chifengica sp. nov., and 

Sinotrichocera parva gen. et sp. nov. The 

specimen described earlier as trichocerids 

from China, Mesotrichocera laiyangensis 

Hong and Wang 1990, does not belong to this 

family. The Daohugou biota comprises a wide 

range of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms 

that inhabited, a small lake, luxurious 

everglade, streams, and forest with volcanoes 

nearby. The Daohugou Formation can be 

compared to the Karabastau and Haifanggou 

formations based on biostratigraphic 

correlation. The geological age for 

trichocerid-bearing nonmarine volcanosedimentary 

rocks may be latest Middle 

Jurassic (Callovian) or earliest Late Jurassic 

(Oxfordian) rather than early–middle Middle 

Jurassic or Early Cretaceous. 

2006020323 

三叶虫 Eocryphops 属和 Plagiolaria 属 = 

The trilobite genera Eocryphops and 

Plagiolaria (Phacopidae). ( 英文 ). Holloway D 

J. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2005, 79(2): 

227-239 

Eocryphops and Plagiolaria are revised and 

a new species, E. albertii, is described from 

the Eifelian of Morocco. "Trimerocephallus" 

cyclophthalmus Walther, 1907, a species long 

assigned to Eocryphops, is regarded as a 

junior subjective synonym of the type species 

of Plagiolaria, Pl. plagiophthalma. 

Eocryphops originated in the evolutionary 

lineage leading to Phacops, whereas 

Plagiolaria was probably derived from 

Lochkovella. Although they have been linked 

with the Late Devonian group of small-eyed 

and blind phacopids including Cryphops and 

its relatives, neither Eocryphops nor 

Plagiolaria is ancestral to these forms. 

Confirmed occurrences of Eocryphops and 

Plagiolaria are from regions that were 

situated on the North Gondwana margin or on 

plates associated with this margin. 

2006020324 

峡东地区早寒武世水井沱组古盘虫类三叶 

虫的再研究 = Restudy on the eodiscoids from 

the Shuijingtuo Formation (Early Cambrian) 

in eastern Yangtze Gorge area, western Hubei. 

( 中文 ). 林天瑞 ; 彭善池 ; 朱学剑 . 古生物学 

报 , 2004, 43(4): 502-514 2 图版 . 

对峡东和邻近地区早寒武世古盘虫类三 

叶虫的再研究 , 支持将 Emeidiscus Li,1980; 

Mianxiandiscus S. Zhang et Zhu in Zhang et 

al.,1980; Mianxiandiscus (Liangshandiscus)S. 

Zhang in Zhang et al.,1980; Chang in Lu et 

al.,1974; Guizhoudiscus S. Zhang in Zhang et 

al.,1980; Shizhudiscus S. Zhang et Zhu in 

Zhang et al.,1980 等属作为 Tsunyidiscus 

Chang ,1966 的同义名的意见。并对前人所 

建立的有关属的种 , 进行了重新研究和整理 , 

作了大量的归并和修订。就目前所知道 , 峡 

东地区早寒武世水井沱组的古盘虫类三叶 

虫仅有 Tsunyidiscus Chang ,1966 和 

Sinodiscus Chang in Lu et al.,1974 两属。 

Hupeidiscus 经修订归入 Tsunyidiscus 

Chang ,1966 后 , 原 Hebediscus orientalis 

Chang ,1953( 即原 Hupeidiscus 的模式种 ) 一 

种的种名与 Tsunyidiscus orientalis 

(Walcott,190 5 ) 重名 , 故将前者重新命名为 

Tsunyidiscus pertenus nom. nov.。文中还记 

述了湖北宜昌、秭归等地的早寒武世古盘 

虫类三叶虫 2 属 3 种 , 包括 Tsunyidiscus 

yanjiazhaiensis S. Zhang, Zhou et Yuan in 

Yin and Li, 1978; Tsunyidiscus acutus 

(Sun ,1983); Sinodiscus changyangensis S. 

Zhang in Zhou et al.,1977。 

2006020325 

台湾西南山麓带新近纪螃蟹化石之研究 = 

Studies on the Neogene crabs from Southwestern 

foot Hills of Taiwan. ( 中文 ). 胡忠恒 ; 

98

陶锡珍 . 古生物学报 , 2004, 43(4): 537-555 7 

图版 . 

描述螃蟹化石 29 种 , 包括 :2 新种 ,3 种以化 

石形态新出现的现生种及已知种 2 4 种。新 

种 : Randallia jingomao sp. nov., 

Ommatocarcinus sankuei sp. nov.; 新以化石 

形态出现的现生种 : Ranilia misakiensis 

(Sakai), Leucosia obtusifrons de Haan, 

Stimpson。29 种螃蟹化石之大部分出现于 

台南玉井附近六重溪层 , 少数种出现于嘉 

义、内埔、中埔六重溪层 , 尚有 1 或 2 种出 

现于南投中寮附近石门层、深坑层及高雄 

大冈山石灰岩。地质时代由中中新世至上 

新世。 

2006020326 

福建大田崆峒山晚二叠世和早三叠世介形 

类 = Ostracodes from the Upper Permian and 

Lower Triassic at the Kongtongshan section of 

Datian, Fujian. ( 中文 ). 伊武军 . 古生物学 

报 , 2004, 43(4): 556-570 2 图版 . 

报道福建大田崆峒山晚二叠世大隆组、 

长兴组及早三叠世溪口组介形类 35 属 67 

种 , 其中描述 8 属 9 种 ( 包括 5 新种 )。产自 

长兴组的介形类化石被划分为 3 个组合 , 自 

下而上分别是 : Polytylites magnituberosus- 

Or thobairdia meishanensis-Pustulobairdia 

mailinensis 组合 , Bairdia urodeloformis- 

Orthobairdia exilimarginata- Bairdia 

subcontracta 组合和 Petasobairdia 

bicornuta- Neoamphissites costatus- Kegelites 

datianensis 组合。大田崆峒山介形类动物群 

在二叠三叠系界线上下具有明显的突变性 

质 , 这与世界其它地区一样 , 是遭受二叠纪末 

期的生物大灭绝事件重创所致。根据介形 

类化石组合特征 , 并参考共生或共存化石的 

内容 , 福建大田地区长兴组大致相当于浙江 

煤山长兴组的中、上部 , 长兴灰岩下伏的海 

相碎屑岩应划归长兴阶。大隆组、长兴组 

及溪口组的岩性和化石组合特征 , 显示古环 

境从滨海沼泽开始 , 经历浅海盆地 → 浅水碳 

酸盐台地 → 浅海近岸环境的演化过程。 

2006020327 

法国中马西夫 Graissessac 盆地上石炭统新 

的节肢动物剑尾型肢口类 = New xiphosuran 

merostomata from the Upper Carboniferous of 

the Graissessac Basin (Massif Central, France). 

( 英文 ). Crônier C; Courville P. Comptes 


CARBONIFEROUS MEROSTOME ARTHROPODS 

ARE RELATIVELY DIVERSIFIED, BUT THEIR 

REMAINS ARE RARE, ESPECIALLY IN FRANCE. A 

NEW SPECIMEN HAS BEEN COLLECTED FROM 

THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE MASSIF CENTRAL 

(FRANCE). THIS NEW TAXON OF XIPHOSURID, 

ASSIGNED TO EUPROOPS MARIAE N. SP. FROM 

GRAISSESSAC, IS DESCRIBED; COMPARISONS 

WITH CLOSELY ALLIED SPECIES FROM EUROPE 

ARE DISCUSSED. BASED ON THE ASSOCIATED 

MACROFLORA, THE MATERIAL IS CONSIDERED 

TO BE STEPHANIAN B–C IN AGE 

2006020328 

Prodoxus yucca ( Lepidoptera: 

prodoxidae ) 的系统演化史 = Phylogeny 

and life history evolution of Prodoxus yucca 

moths (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae). ( 英文 ). 

Pellmyr O; Balcázar-Lara M; Althoff D M.. 

Systematic Entomology, 2006, 31(1): 1-20 

Yucca moths (Lep., Prodoxidae) are wellknown 

for their obligate pollination mutualism 

with yuccas. In addition to the pollinators, 

yuccas also host many non-pollinating yucca 

moths. Here the genus Prodoxus, the nonpollinating 

sister group of the pollinators, is 

revised using morphological and molecular 

data, their phylogenetic relationships are 

analysed, and the evolution of host tissue 

specialization explored. Twenty-two species 

are recognized, including nine new species: 

Prodoxus gypsicolor sp.n., P. sonorensis sp.n., 

P. carnerosanellus sp.n., P. tamaulipellus 

sp.n., P. weethumpi sp.n., P. 

tehuacanensissp.n., P. californicussp.n., P. 

mapimiensissp.n. and P. atascosanellus 

sp.n.Prodoxus y-inversus Riley, P. 

coloradensis Riley and P. sordidus Riley are 

redescribed. The genus Agavenema is 

synonymized with Prodoxus. Phylogenetic 

analyses indicated that stalk-feeding is basal 

within the group, that there are three separate 

origins of fruit-feeding, and one origin of leafmining 

from a stalk-feeding ancestor. 

Although species with different feeding habits 

often coexist within hosts, the analyses 

suggest that ecological specialization and 

diversification within a host only may have 

occurred within one or possibly two hosts. 

2006020329 

松辽盆地中部含油组层序地层格架及介形 

类特征的响应 = Sequence-stratigraphic 

framework and its response to Cypridea of the 

Middle oil-bearing beds of the Songliao Basin. 

( 中文 ). 梁江平 ; 辛仁臣 ; 王树恒 ; 姚勇 ; 王颖 ; 杜 

金玲 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 405-409 

99

综合利用地震、测井、录井、岩心及分析 

资料 , 采用层序地层学、古生物学分析方法 

建立了松辽盆地中部含油组合层序地层格 

架 , 查明了介形类演化对层序地层格架的响 

应。松辽盆地中部含油组合相当于青山口 

组二三段、姚家组和嫩江组一段地层 , 由 6 

个三级层序构成 , 青山口组二三段相当于 3 

个三级层序 , 姚家组一段、二三段和嫩江组 

一段分别相当于 1 个三级层序。不同层序 

及不同体系域介形类的特征具有明显的响 

应特征。 

2006020330 

湖北宜昌地区晚奥陶世三叶虫动物群及分 

带序列 = Late Ordovician trilobite fauna and 

succession, Yichang, Hubei Province, China. 

( 中文 ). 周志强 ; 周志毅 ; 袁文伟 . 古生物学 

报 , 2005, 44(3): 327-357 6 图版 . 

从湖北宜昌黄花场和普溪河桥宝塔组剖 

面获得的新材料 , 极大地丰富了华南晚奥陶 

世三叶虫动物群内容 , 包括 22 属、1 亚属、 

31 种之多。新材料保存完美 , 很大程度上完 

整了有关三叶虫的形态特征。 

Remopleurides amphitryonoides Lu,1975 一 

种由于新发现了活动颊、唇瓣、胸部及尾 

部 , 证明它确实是 Remopleurides 的成员 , 排 

除了对该种归属的怀疑。文中建立了 1 新 

属和 2 新种 :Pentacopyge puxiheensis gen. et 

sp .nov., Lamproscutellum? limbatum sp. 

nov.。同时 , 以桨肋虫类为基础在宝塔组 

Nankinolithus 带之下进一步划分出 4 个三 

叶虫带 , 从下到上依次为 Pentacopyge 

puxiheensis 间隔带 ,Hexacopyge yichangensis 

间隔带 ,Remopleurides amphitryonoides 延限 

带 ( 普溪河段 , 卡拉道克中期 ), 和 

Dislobosaspis guizhouensis 延限带 ( 临湘段下 

部 , 卡拉道克晚期 )。 

2006020331 

节肢动物头区起源和演化机制分析 = The 

possible genetic bases for the origin and 

evolution of arthropod head. ( 中文 ). 王修强 ; 

陈均远 ; 杨永华 . 古生物学报 , 2005, 44(3): 

446-453 

帽天山页岩动物群研究表明节肢动物头 

区化过程包括复合型头区形成和口后附肢 

特异化两个独立事件。其中复合型头区形 

成经历了原头、原复合头和真复合头 3 个 

演化阶段。节肢动物原头只有口前两个相 

互独立的体节 , 后来通过躯干体节向前端归 

并形成具有 3 个或 3 个以上口后头区体节 

的复合型头区 ; 但头区腹部口后附肢特异化 

事件显然滞后于背部体节的愈合 , 头区口后 

附肢形态特异化事件是在复合型头区形成 

之后 , 节肢动物所面临的又一个漫长的演化 

过程。文中尝试结合发育生物学研究进展 

分析节肢动物头区化过程的分子机制。认 

为原躯干前端体节发育机制的改变和 Hox 

基因的头 / 躯干分区表达导致节肢动物复合 

型头区的发生 ; 而头区口后特异性附肢出现 

与 Hox 基因表达区域及其功能的体节特异 

化事件有关。 

2006020332 

志留纪节肢动物藤壶的变态 = 

Metamorphosis in a Silurian barnacle. ( 英文 ). 

Briggs D E G; Sutton M D; Siveter D J; 

Siveter D J. Proceedings of the Royal Society 

B: Biological Sciences, 2005, 272(1579): 2365 

- 2369 

Exceptionally preserved fossils from the 

Wenlock Series (Silurian) of Herefordshire, 

UK, provide unique evidence of 

metamorphosis from free-swimming cyprid 

larva to attached juvenile in a Palaeozoic 

barnacle. The larva had large brush-like 

anterior limbs. The juvenile shows the head 

transformed into a stalk and the development 

of the primordial condition of five mineralized 

plates within the carapace. The discovery of a 

cyprid larva indicates that crown group 

cirripedes had evolved by the Silurian. 

2006020333 

澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚西北部瓦伦丁斯峰和 

Native Track Tier 中寒武世晚期三叶虫 = 

Late Middle Cambrian trilobites from St 

Valentines Peak and Native Track Tier, 

northwestern Tasmania. ( 英文 ). Jago J B, Bao 

J S, Baillie P W. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(1): 21- 

52 

Late Middle Cambrian trilobites are 

described from two localities in northwestern 

Tasmania. Twenty-four trilobite taxa are 

documented. The 15 agnostoid species include 

Paraclavagnostus longus sp. nov. which is 

placed in the Utagnostinae, a new subfamily 

of the Clavagnostidae. The nine polymeroid 

species include a new member of the 

Rhyssometopidae, Tasmana truncata gen. et sp. 

nov, Three other new species of polymeroids 

are erected: Fuchouia tasmaniensis, Nepea 

delicata and Nepea hellyeri. Both faunas 

correlate with the Lejopyge laevigata Zone on 

the northern Australia biostratigraphic scale, 

possibly with the L. laevigata II Zone. When 

compared with Hunan, China, correlation is 

100

with the upper part of the Lejopyge laevigata 

Zone, and particularly with the lower part of 

the Proagnostus bulbus Zone. 

2006020334 

奥陶纪三叶虫 Prosopiscus 属古生物地理及 

来自澳大利亚新南威尔士的一新种 = 

Palaeobiogeography of the Ordovician 

trilobite Prosopiscus, with a new species from 

western New South Wales. ( 英文 ). Paterson J 

R. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(1): 65-76 

Prosopiscus is particularly important in 

Ordovician palaeobiogeography because of its 

wide geographic distribution in Gondwana 

and peri-Gondwanan regions. It appears to 

have been confined to low palaeolatitudes, 

representing a characteristic member of the 

warm water eastern Gondwanan shelf faunas. 

Trends in the distribution of the Ordovician 

genus can be observed due to its long 

stratigraphic range. Prosopiscus was restricted 

to, and may have originated in, Australia 

during the late Early Ordovician 

(Bendigonian-Chewtonian). By the Middle 

Ordovician (Darriwilian), Prosopiscus had 

dispersed to other parts of Gondwana and 

peri-Gondwana, including the North and 

South China blocks, Tarim, central Himalayas, 

and the Argentine Precordillera (South 

America). Possible explanations for the 

distribution of Prosopiscus are that: (1) there 

were no oceanic barriers preventing dispersal 

of trilobites between different regions of 

Gondwana, thus permitting uninhibited 

migration over vast distances; (2) Prosopiscus 

was not restricted to a specific biofacies; (3) a 

major eustatic transgression during the early 

Darriwilian may have facilitated the dispersal 

of Prosopiscus in allowing further 

development and expansion of marine 

environments; and (4) a prolonged planktonic 

larval stage may have permitted wide 

dispersal. 

2006020335 

澳大利亚维多利亚中部上亚拉早泥盆世布 

拉格阶深水三叶虫动物群的古地理环境。 

维多利亚镜眼虫科第三部分 = 

Palaeogeographic setting of a deep-water 

trilobite fauna from the Early Devonian 

(Pragian) of the Upper Yarra, central Victoria. 

Phacopidae of Victoria, Part 3. ( 英文 ). 

Sandford A C. Alcheringa, 2004, 28(1): 113- 

128 

A Pragian (Early Devonian) trilobite fauna 

from the Norton Gully Formation in the Upper 

Yarra area of central Victoria consists 

exclusively of the phacopid Prokops moorei 

sp. nov., a species with a highly variable 

visual surface including greatly reduced and 

blind morphologies. Several trilobites are 

preserved as moult assemblages, but most 

occur as isolated tergites on bedding-planes 

crowded with dacryoconarids and small 

bivalves. The autecology and taphofacies of 

the fauna indicate a deep-water setting, with 

the biofacies associations closely resembling 

deep-water assemblages described from 

Devonian sequences elsewhere. The 

distributions of laterally equivalent late 

Pragian facies from eastern areas of the 

Melbourne Zone indicate an inclined shelf 

between Lilydale and the Upper Yarra area, 

deepening eastwards from shoreline to outer 

shelf settings. To the northwest and northeast 

of the Upper Yarra area, the shelf was 

bounded by tectonically active margins 

associated with the converging Benambra 

Terrain, and to the south by the Waratah Bay 

Platform. 

2006020336 

关于古生代介形类分类。Thlipsuracea 

Ulrich, 1894 超科 ,Thlipsuridae Ulrich, 1894 

科及其所选择的属 = Contributions to 

Palaeozoic Ostracod Classification. The 

Superfamily Thlipsuracea Ulrich, 1894 Family 

Thlipsuridae Ulrich, 1894. Selected genera. 

( 英文 ). Adamczak F J. Neues Jahrbuch fur 


Abhandlungen, 2005, 238(2): 161-190 

This contribution to "Palaeozoic Ostracod 

Classification" deals with selected 

representatives of the metacopine Family 

Thlipsuridae analysed by means of original 

material assembled in connection with 

preparation for Treatise revision. Data 

compiled by F. J. A. are published post 

mortem and occasionally annotated by G. 

Becker. - The importance of the thlipsuracean 

dominated " Polyzygia beckeri Community" is 

reviewed. As demonstrated with the " 

Armorican Terrane Assemblage" microplate, 

it resembles late Emsian assemblages of the 

formerly called "type cancellata tentaculite - 

zone" sensu Zagora 1968. 

2006020337 

上侏罗统河虾 Carpopenaeus 属的首次记录 

= First record of the shrimp genus 

Carpopenaeus Glaessner, 1945 (Crustacea: 

Decapoda: Carpopenaeidae) from the Upper 

Jurassic. ( 英文 ). Schweigert G. Neues 

101


Monatschefte, 2005, (8): 490-502 

From the Upper Jurassic Lithographic 

Limestones of Zandt (S Germany) a new 

shrimp, Carpopenaeus peterbuergeri sp. nov., 

is described. It represents the hitherto oldest 

record of the genus Carpopenaeus Glaessner, 

1945, which was previously only known from 

the Upper Cretaceous of Lebanon. Its lifestyle 

is discussed and compared with similarly 

organized shrimps. A short overview on the 

accompanying decapod fauna of the collecting 

locality is presented. 

2006020338 

志留纪介形类 Halliella umbonata 的系统分 

类位置 = Systematic position of Halliella 

umbonata Kummerow, 1924 (Ostracoda, 

Silurian). ( 德文 ). Schallreuter R. Neues 


Monatschefte, 2005, (8): 503-512 

The finding of a female valve with a diffuse 

brood pouch (crumina) is the clue for the 

systematic affiliation of the yet problematic 

Halliella umbonana. It was originally 

described by Kummerow (1924) on the basis 

of larval valves from a Silurian geschiebe 

from Northern Germany. The species 

represents a new genus of the family 

Garniellidae to which also Beyrichia primitiva, 

Craspedobolbina dorsoplicata and Bingeria 

cyamoides belong. 

2006020339 

欧洲和亚洲新的古近纪蜜蜂 = New 

Palaeogene bees from Europe and Asia. ( 英 

文 ). Nel A; Petrulevicius J F. 

Alcheringa, 2003, 27(3/4): 277-293 

New taxa of Apoidea (Apidae and 

Halictidae) described from the Oligocene of 

France and Turkey are Oligoapis 

beskonakensis gen. nov. and sp. nov.; 

Paraelectrobombus patriciae gen. nov. and sp. 

nov.; Xylocopa celineae sp. nov.; and 

Lasioglossum celinae sp. nov. The Palcocene 

Probombus hirsutus is transferred into the 

Megachilidae, and the Oligocene 

Anthophorites gaudryi (Anthophorini) is 

considered an Insecta incertae sedis. These 

discoveries support Engel's (2001c) 

hypothesis concerning the high diversity of 

bees during the Palaeogene in Western Europe. 

2006020340 

产自白垩纪缅甸琥珀中首次确认的中生代 

盲蜘 ( 盲蛛目 :Dyspnoi ) = First 

identifiable Mesozoic harvestman (Opiliones: 

Dyspnoi) from Cretaceous Burmese amber. 

( 英文 ). Giribet G; Dunlop J A. Proceedings of 

the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2005, 

272(1567): 1007 - 1013 

Two inclusions in a piece of Upper 

Cretaceous (Albian) Burmese amber from 

Myanmar are described as a harvestman 

(Arachnida: Opiliones), Halitherses grimaldii 

new genus and species. The first Mesozoic 

harvestman to be named can be referred to the 

suborder Dyspnoi for the following reasons: 

prosoma divided into two regions, the 

posterior formed by the fusion of the mesoand 

metapeltidium; palp lacking a terminal 

claw, with clavate setae, and tarsus 

considerably shorter than the tibia. The 

bilobed, anteriorly projecting ocular tubercle 

is reminiscent of that of ortholasmatine 

nemastomatids. The status of other Mesozoic 

fossils referred to Opiliones is briefly 

reviewed. 

2006020341 

德国 Nusplingen 上侏罗统化石库中马蹄蟹 

Mesolimulus 属矿化的软体部分组织和侵入 

的微生物 = Mineralization of soft-part 

anatomy and invading microbes in the 

horseshoe crab Mesolimulus from the Upper 

Jurassic Lagerstätte of Nusplingen, Germany. 

( 英文 ). Briggs D E G; Moore R A; Shultz J W; 

Schweigert G. Proceedings of the Royal 


272(1563): 627 - 632 

A remarkable specimen of Mesolimulus 

from the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of 

Nusplingen, Germany, preserves the 

musculature of the prosoma and associated 

microbes in three dimensions in calcium 

phosphate (apatite). The musculature of 

Mesolimulus conforms closely to that of 

modern horseshoe crabs. Associated with the 

muscles are patches of mineralized biofilm 

with spiral and coccoid forms. This discovery 

emphasizes the potential of soft-bodied fossils 

as a source for increasing our knowledge of 

the diversity of fossil microbes in particular 

settings. 

2006020342 

法国 La Voulte-sur-Rhone 地区卡洛夫阶 

Stenochirus 的首次记录 = First record of 

Stenochirus Oppel, 1861 (Crustacea: 

Decapoda: Stenochiridae) from the Callovian 

(Middle Jurassic) of La Voulte-sur-Rhone. ( 英 

文 ). Schweigert G; Garassino A; Riou B. 

102


/ Monatschefte, 2006, (2): 65-77 

The lobster genus Stenochirus Oppel, 1861, 

previously only poorly known from the Upper 

Jurassic lithographic limestones of Bavaria, is 

recorded from the lower Callovian of La 

Voulte-sur-Rhone (France). A new species, 

Stenochirus vahldieki, is introduced. 

Stenochiridae is not only morphologically 

similar in general habit, but is also closely 

related to the Triassic Chimaerastacidae, as 

demonstrated by the discovery of explanded 

pleurae of abdominal somite II in both taxa. 

2006020343 

下泥盆统三叶虫 Scabrella 属的修订 = 

Revision of the genus Scabrella (Trilobita; 

Lower Devonian). ( 德文 ). Muller P. 

Geologica et Palaeontologica, 2005, 39(): 1- 

27 

Scabrella (Interscabrella) n. sg. and 

Scabrella (Spiniscabrella ) n. sg. are proposed 

for two species groups of Scabrella Wenndorf, 

1990, based mainly on new samples, but also 

on reexamination of some previously known 

specimens. Scabrella (Scabrella) includes Sc. 

(Scabrella) asselberghsi, Sc. (Scabrella) 

aithssainein. sp., Sc. (Scabrella) propradoana 

n. sp., Sc. (scabrella ) sp. A sensu, Scabrella 

(interscabrella) n. sg. comprises Sc. 

(Interscabrella) pradoana, Sc. (Interscabrella) 

cf. pradoana and Sc.? (Interscabrella) sp. 

Scabrella (Spiniscabrella) n. sg. includes Sc. 

(spiniscabrella) cf. spinosissima, Sc. 

(Spiniscabrella) luxembourgensis, Sc. 

(Spiniscabrella) sp. , Sc. (Spiniscabrella) n. sp. 

B. und Sc. (Spiniscabrella) sp. indet. 

Scabrella is knowo only from middle and 

upper parts of the Lower Devonian. 

Occurrences have been reported from central 

europe, from southern Europe and from 

northwestern Africa. Aspects of the evolution 

of Scabrella are discussed. 

2006020344 

法国早三叠世 Buntsandstein 蝎化石 = 

Fossil scorpions from the Buntsandstein 

(Early Triassic) of France. ( 英文 ). Lourenço 

W R;Gall G-C. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2004, 3(5): 369-378 

Two new families, genera, and species of 

fossil scorpion are described from the 

Buntsandstein (Early Triassic) of France, the 

Voltzia Sandstone Formation. They give 

evidence for the recovery of terrestrial 

ecosystems severely reduced during the Late 

Permian mass extinction. One of these fossil 

families can be classified together with extant 

families within the Buthoidea (sensu 

Lourenço). This suggests that these modern 

scorpions belong to lineages present at least 

for 200 Myr. The second fossil family, 

tentatively placed in the superfamily 

Mesophonoidea Wills, exhibits several 

features inherited from Palaeozoic lineages. 

2006020345 

中国石炭纪三叶虫 Brachymetopus = 

Brachymetopus (Trilobita; Carboniferous) in 

China. ( 英文 ). Hahn G; Hahn R. Geologica et 

Palaeontologica, 2005, 39(): 29-34 

A new species of Brachymetopus, B. 

(Brachymetopus) longinquus n. sp. is 

described from the Upper Tournaisian of 

South China and compared with related taxa. 

The species of Brachymetopus known from 

China are comiled and discussed. 

2006020346 

甲壳动物生物成矿作用 : 存储策略 = 

Biomineralisations in crustaceans: storage 

strategies. ( 英文 ). Luquet G; Marin F. 


534 

Crustaceans are a remarkable group of 

animals because of their ability to elaborate 

cyclically two kinds of calcified 

biomineralisations: an unstretchable 

exoskeleton (or cuticle) and also, for many 

species, depending of the way of life of the 

considered animal, transitory calcium deposits. 

They are in consequence subjected to a cyclic 

life and notably, to a periodical balance 

between two sources of calcium, exogenous 

and/or endogenous. The storage structures, 

essentially composed of calcium carbonate 

precipitated within a proteinaceous organic 

matrix, are very diversified. The calcium 

carbonate of the cuticle of most of the species 

is under a crystalline state and/or an 

amorphous form, whereas calcium deposits 

are always in amorphous form. The organic 

matrix is responsible for the mineral 

polymorph and the morphology of the 

calcified structures. The knowledge of the 

features of the components of organic matrices 

is a necessary prerequisite to understand how 

these calcified mineralisations are elaborated. 

Nevertheless, few organic matrix proteins 

involved in calcification are well characterized 

in crustaceans to date. Another interest is that 

the storage structures are elaborated by 

calcifying/decalcifying epithelia, which mimic 

vertebrate epithelia. Diverse enzymatic 

103

activities have been registered at this level, 

such as Mg 2+ -ATPase, Na + /K + -ATPase, and 

carbonic anhydrase. Finally, crustaceans 

represent convenient models to study the 

hormonal control of mineralising systems 

because, besides the involvement of 

ecdysteroids, the vertebrate tripartite calcium 

hormonal system (calcitonin, parathyroid 

hormone, vitamin D) could also regulate the 

formation of the crustacean calcified 

structures. 

2006020347 

内蒙古侏罗纪道虎沟组双翅目 

Trichoceridae 科新的冬大蚊及其共生生物 

群 = New winter crane flies (Insecta: Diptera: 

Trichoceridae) from the Jurassic Daohugou 

Formation (Inner Mongolia, China) and their 

associated biota. ( 英文 ). 张俊峰 . Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2006, 43(1): 9-22 

Four extinct new species referable, 

respectively, to three extinct new genera 

within Trichoceridae have been recovered 

from the Jurassic Daohugou Formation in 

Ningcheng, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China: 

Archaeotrichocera ephemera gen. et sp. nov., 

Tanyochoreta integera gen. et sp. nov., 

Tanyochoreta chifengica sp. nov., and 

Sinotrichocera parva gen. et sp. nov. The 

specimen described earlier as trichocerids 

from China, Mesotrichocera laiyangensis 

Hong and Wang 1990, does not belong to this 

family. The Daohugou biota comprises a wide 

range of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms 

that inhabited, a small lake, luxurious 

everglade, streams, and forest with volcanoes 

nearby. The Daohugou Formation can be 

compared to the Karabastau and Haifanggou 

formations based on biostratigraphic 

correlation. The geological age for 

trichocerid-bearing nonmarine volcanosedimentary 

rocks may be latest Middle 

Jurassic (Callovian) or earliest Late Jurassic 

(Oxfordian) rather than early–middle Middle 

Jurassic or Early Cretaceous. 

Quatre nouvelles espèces disparues 

attribuables, respectivement, à trois nouveaux 

genres disparus des Trichoceridae ont été 

obtenues de la Formation jurassique de 

Doahugou, à Chifeng, dans le comté de 

Ningcheng, en Mongolie intérieure (Chine), 

soient Archaeotrichocera ephemera gen. et sp. 

nov., Tanyochoreta integera gen. et sp. nov., T. 

chifengica sp. nov. et Sinotrichocera parva 

gen. et sp. nov. Le spécimen de 

Mesotrichocera laiyangensis Hong et Wang, 

1990, décrit antérieurement comme étant un 

trichocéride de Chine, n'appartient pas à cette 

famille. Le biote de Doahugou comprend une 

grande diversité d'organismes vertébrés et 

invertébrés qui habitaient, respectivement, un 

petit lac, une région marécageuse luxuriante, 

des ruisseaux et une forêt à proximité de 

volcans. Une corrélation stratigraphique 

permet de comparer la Formation de 

Daohugou aux Formations de Karabastau et 

de Haifanggou. Les roches volcanosédimentaires 

non-marines qui renferment les 

trichocérides pourraient être du Jurassique 

moyen (Callovien) ou du tout début du 

Jurassique tardif (Oxfordien) plutôt que du 

début–milieu du Jurassique moyen ou du 

Crétacé précoce. [Traduit par la Rédaction] 

2006020348 

西藏北部羌塘盆地古新统昆虫直翅目原鸣 

螽科的发现 = Discovery of Paleocene 

Prophalangopsidae (Insecta, Orthoptera) in the 

Qiangtang Basin, Northern Tibet, China. ( 英 

文 ). Lin Qibin; Huang Diying. 

Alcheringa, 2006, 30(1): 97-102 

A new genus and species of 

Prophalangopsidae, Hylophalangopsis 

chinensis gen. and sp. nov., is described here 

on the basis of one well-preserved complete 

fore wing from the Paleocene of Northern 

Tibet. The differences between this species 

and other described species, its systematic 

position, and its evolutionary significance are 

discussed. 

2006020349 

辽宁西部九佛堂组昼蜓化石的新发现及其 

地质意义 = Discovery of hemeroscopid 

dragonfly from Jiufotang Formation in 

western Liaoning and its geological 

implications. ( 中文 ). 刘金远 ; 任东 ; 高春玲 ; 程 

晓冬 ; 李宁宁 ; 刘正玲 . 世界地质 , 2004, 23(3): 

209-212 

发现于辽宁省义县早白垩世九佛堂组上 

段地层中的昼蜓化石 ( 孟氏丽昼蜓 

Abrohemeroscopus mengi Ren,Liu et 

Chen,2003) 与北京西山卢尚坟组的巴依萨昼 

蜓 (Hemeroscopus baissicus Pritykina,1977) 在 

形态上比较相似 , 但在演化程度上更为原始 , 

主要体现在后翅臀套较小 ( 仅有 6~7 个翅 

室 ), 径增脉 (Rspl) 缺 , 后翅 CuAa 脉弯曲、带 

有 5 个明显的后分支 , 前翅 MP 脉短、终止 

于翅后缘近翅结处 , 翅痣下有一个明显的支 

脉 , 后翅 CuAa 和 MP 域基部较窄、在三角 

室下方仅有 1 排翅室 . 据此 , 九佛堂组上段的 

104

地质时代定为早白垩世早期 (Berriasian- 

Hauterivian) 较为合理 . 

2006020350 

热河生物群中蜘蛛和蟹奴化石几个新种 = 

Some new species of spidey and sacculinidae 

fossils in Jehol Biota. ( 中文 ). 常建平 . 世界地 

质 , 2004, 23(4): 313-320 

由于蜘蛛身体表面所覆盖的体壳较薄 , 通 

常保存为化石的几率较小 , 因此 , 蜘蛛化石是 

一类较为稀有的化石 . 热河生物群中的蜘蛛 

化石迄今尚未进行过系统描述 . 本文报道了 

属于 Araneidae Leach,1819( 园蛛科 ) 、 

Gnaphosidae( 平腹蛛科 ) 和 Theidiidae 

Sundeva 1833( 球腹蛛科 )6 个蜘蛛新 

种 :Araneus liaoxiensis sp. nov., A.aethus sp. 

nov., A. reheensis sp. nov., A. beipiaoensis sp. 

nov., Gnaphosa liaoningensis sp. nov. 和 

Theridion atalus sp.nov.; 以及蟹奴幼虫的一 

个化石新属种 Mesosacculina papposa gen. 

et sp. nov.. 这些化石均采自辽西北票黄半吉 

沟义县组下部 ( 晚侏罗世 - 早白垩世 ). 

2006020351 

渤海湾西北岸全新世介形类组合特征及海 

进海退旋回 = Holocene ostracoda 

assemblages and marine transgressionregression 

cycle in the northwestern coastal 

area of the Bohai Gulf. ( 中文 ). 林防 ; 李凤林 ; 

李建芬 ; 张玉发 . 地球学报 - 中国地质科学院 

院报 , 2004, 25(1): 53-58 

距现代海岸 25 km 处的渤海湾西北岸宁 

河县兴坨 H1 孔 ( 孔深 28.0m) 的介形类研究 

表明 , 可划分为 7 个组合层段 ( 目下而上 ):Ⅰ- 

纯净小玻璃介组合 (28.0~16.0m);Ⅱ- 凹陷中 

华美花介 - 东台新单角介组合 (16.0 ~ 9.0 

m);Ⅲ- 东台新单角介凹陷中华美花介 - 布氏 

威契曼介组合 (9.0~4.5 m);Ⅳ- 凹陷中华美 

花介 - 丰满陈氏介组合 (4.5~2.5 m);V- 丰满 

陈氏介 - 凹陷中华美花介组合 (2.5~1.6m);Ⅵ 

丰满陈氏介 - 滨海弯贝介组合 (1.6 ~ 

0.5m);Ⅶ- 玛纳斯土星介 - 布氏土星介组合 

(0.5~0m). 通过对环境分析 , 认为渤海湾西北 

海岸自全新世以来古环境变化经历了一个 

完整的海侵序列 , 即自 16.0 m 向上至地表 , 从 

海进到海退为一个完整的沉积旋回 . 

2006020352 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯大草原现代介形 

虫 : 生态和古湖沼学意义 = Recent 

Ostracodes from the pampas, Buenos Aires, 

Argentina: Ecology and paleolimnolocical 

implications. ( 其他 ). Laprida C. 

Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 181-204 

Twenty non-marine ostracod species were 

collected from the pampas of Buenos Aires 

Province. Water parameters were analyzed in 

order to determine what environmental 

conditions each species prefers and which 

factor affects their occurrence. Studies suggest 

that most species prefer waters containing 

particular salinity and solute types. Marginal 

estuarine ostracods can only survive in oligopolihaline 

Cl-/Na+ dominated waters with 

dayly fluctuating salinities. Freshwater 

ostracods living in temporary ponds can only 

survive in oligohaline HCO3-/Na+ dominated 

waters. Finally, ostracods inhabiting 

permanent lakes can live in more than one 

solute type (Cl-/Na+ or HCO3-/Na+), but 

these solute type variations must be gradual, 

related with the balance between evaporation 

and precipitation. Reproductive modes, 

trophic level and predation are also taking into 

account. These conclusions encourage the use 

of fossil non marine ostracods from the 

Pampas of Buenos Aires as valuable tools to 

reconstruct late quaternary paleoclimatic 

conditions. 

Author Keywords: recent Ostracoda; 

distribution; ecology; Pampa Deprimida 

Plains; Argentina 

2006020353 

威尔士西部一个新的深水上奥陶统 ( 卡拉 

道克阶 ) 三叶虫动物群 = A new deep-water 

Upper Ordovician (Caradocian) trilobite fauna 

from South-West Wales. ( 英文 ). Fortey R A. 

Geological Journal, 2006, 41(2): 243-253 

A deep-water trilobite fauna has been 

discovered in the otherwise graptolitic 

Mydrim Formation near Clarbeston Road, 

Pembrokeshire, south-west Wales. Associated 

graptolites indicate an early Caradocian age. 

The trilobites comprise three species with eyes 

reduced or absent, representing an atheloptic 

assemblage with benthic life habits, which 

appeared during a short period of relative 

oxygenation of the Welsh Basin. The trilobite 

Platycalymene dilatata (Tullberg) is 

redescribed from the type material from 

Sweden, and new material from Wales is 

assigned to this species. Two new species are 

described in addition. Rorringtonia 

multisegmentata sp. nov. possesses twelve 

thoracic segaments, which has implications 

for the classification of the Rorringtoniidae 

within the Aulacopleuroidea. Trinucleus 

105

conollyi sp. nov. differs from T fimbriatus in 

the proliferation of the radial sulci. 

棘皮动物 

2006020354 

德国艾斐尔中泥盆世海百合属 

Bactrocrinites 的系统分类、生物地层和相 

控制 = Bactrocrinites (Crinoidea) from the 

Middle Devonian of the Eifel(Germany)- 

Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and facies control. 

( 德文 ). Bohaty J. Neues Jahrbuch fur 


Abhandlungen, 2005, 235(3): 381-410 

Two new species are crected within the 

crinoid genus Bactrocrinites Schnur, 1849: 

Bactrocrinites humilis n. sp. and B. porrectus 

n. sp. The subspecies B. fusiformis depressus 

(Schultze, 1866) is raised to species level, and 

a neotype is proposed for it. Diagnoses of 

other species are expanded. Variations of 

morphology of dominating morphotypes are 

linked to stratigraphic units and specific 

habitats. B. fusiformis (C. F. Roemer, 1844) - 

a stratigraphically long living and adaptable 

species - is characterised by different 

morphotypes. Further species of 

Bactrocrinites reacted sensitively to 

ecological changes. Such cronoids, e. g. B. 

depressus, were stratigraphically short-living 

taxa without specific morphotypes. B. tenuis 

flourished during a regional sedimentary event 

in monospecifie mass occurrences. The 

otomari-event-interval was a crucial time for 

the development of Bactrocrinites. 

2006020355 

英国志留纪具有三维保存的软体部分的棘 

皮动物海星类 = A starfish with threedimensionally 

preserved soft parts from the 

Silurian of England. ( 英文 ). Sutton M D; 

Briggs D E G; Siveter D J; Siveter D 

J ;Gladwell D J. Proceedings of the Royal 


272(1567): 1001 - 1006 

Palaeozoic asteroids represent a stem-group 

to the monophyletic post-Palaeozoic 

Neoasteroidea, but many aspects of their 

anatomy are poorly known. Using serial 

grinding and computer reconstruction, we 

describe fully articulated Silurian (ca 425Myr) 

specimens from the Herefordshire Lagerstätte, 

preserved in three dimensions complete with 

soft tissues. The material belongs to a species 

of Bdellacoma, a genus previously assigned to 

the ophiuroids, but has characters that suggest 

an asteroid affinity. These include a pyloric 

system in the gut, and the presence of large 

bivalved pedicellariae, the latter originally 

described under the name Bursulella from 

isolated valves. Ampullae are external and 

occur within podial basins; the radial canal is 

also external. Podia are elongate and lack 

terminal suckers. The peristome is large 

relative to the mouth. Aspects of the 

morphology are comparable to that of the 

extant Paxillosida, supporting phylogenetic 

schemes that place this order at the base of the 

asteroid crown group. 

2006020356 

最奇异的寒武纪棘皮动物再解释 : 解构海 

陀螺类 = Deconstructing helicoplacoids: 

reinterpreting the most enigmatic Cambrian 

echinoderms. ( 英文 ). Sprinkle J; Wilbur B C. 


Helicoplacoids, the most enigmatic group 

of Early Cambrian echinoderms, have a 

spirally plated, inverted pear- to spindleshaped 

theca with numerous interambulacral 

pleats and a long triradiate ambulacrum. They 

occur in western Laurentia along with the 

earliest edrioasteroids and epispire-bearing 

eocrinoids(?), but unlike these other groups, 

helicoplacoids do not show pentameral 

symmetry around a centrally located, upwardfacing 

mouth. It is uncertain where the major 

body openings were located in helicoplacoids, 

where new plates were added during thecal 

growth, and whether helicoplacoids were 

primitive, pre-pentameral, stem-group 

echinoderms or derived, relatively specialized 

forms that had lost several ambulacra. We 

made highly modified, side-layout, plating 

diagrams of different helicoplacoid species by 

cutting the theca apart half-way between the 

spiraling ambulacra, leaving four to six 

interambulacral pleats on each side. This 

deconstructed thecal strip resulted in an 

elongate sigmoid-shaped plating diagram with 

a long central single or paired ambulacrum 

that is interpreted as three ambulacral 

branches (A down, C and D up) around a 

central mouth on the side of the theca. The 

unrolled plating diagram resembles an 

elongate French curve drawing template with 

nearly parallel sides, a large or small 

sigmoidal top (where the theca is rounded and 

the interambulacral pleats converge), and an 

open deviated bottom, where the 

interambulacral pleats turn down to a 

truncated conical base. The two upwardextending 

ambulacra are only one to two 

interambulacral pleats apart, which only 

106

slightly increases the plating strip width. New 

interambulacral plates are added at the summit 

and base, and interambulacral pleats rarely 

branch elsewhere. New floor and cover plates 

are added at the top and bottom distal 

ambulacral tips. If this plating model is correct, 

the anus (which has still not been identified) 

should be located near the thecal summit 

where the C and D ambulacra end, and all 

imperforate extraxial plating has apparently 

been lost from the theca. 

If upright, spirally pleated helicoplacoids 

with three ambulacra were derived from 

attached, domal or pyrgate, pentameral 

edrioasteroids, numerous changes must have 

occurred in the thecal shape, number of 

ambulacra, and interambulacral areas. These 

changes either occurred gradually in a 

sequence, or a single major change (spiralled 

body form?) caused all the others to rapidly 

follow. 

2006020357 

英国威尔士南部下奥陶统拟海蕾固着器 = 

Parablastoid holdfasts from the Lower 

Ordovician of South Wales. ( 英文 ). Cope J C 

W;Donovan S K. Geological Journal, 2005, 

40(3): 295-300 

Problematical discoid fossils from the 

Lower Arenig (Moridunian Stage) of the 

Llangynog Inlier, South Wales, are interpreted 

as parablastoid holdfasts. They constitute the 

first record of holdfasts in this rare 

echinoderm class. The lower surface has a 

radial ribbed structure, in contrast to the 

concentric, reticulate structure of the upper 

surface. The substrate for attachment was not 

lithified and may instead have been sediment 

stabilized by microbial mats. An associated 

pluricolumnal indicates that the parablastoid 

column was homeomorphic. 

2006020358 

马来西亚半岛普里道利统最上部 - 洛霍考夫 

阶最底部上 Setul 灰岩板型钵海百合叶石的 

发现 = Discovery of plate-type scyphocrinoid 

loboliths in the uppermost Pridolianlowermost 

Lochkovian Upper Setul 

Limestone of Peninsular Malaysia. ( 英文 ). 

Lee C P. Geological Journal, 2005, 40(3): 

331-342 

Scyphocrinoid loboliths, the bulbous floats 

attached to the roots of a group of large Late 

Silurian to Early Devonian crinoids, were 

found within the top part of the Upper Setul 

limestone at two localities, in a band of 

limestone at Memplam Bay and in limestone 

blocks from a soil quarry at Guar Jentik, in 

northwest Peninsular Malaysia. The loboliths 

belong to the plate type, characterized by 

having plated chamber walls, few internal 

chambers and the presence of chamber 

openings near the axil of each primary root. 

Plate loboliths belong to species of 

Marhoumacrinus and Camarocrinus of the 

uppermost Pridolian to lowermost Lochkovian, 

and occur generally above cirrus loboliths, 

which are Pridolian only. Armoured floats are 

believed to have provided better protection 

against predators and the physical elements. 

These loboliths are important for correlation 

with other occurrences worldwide and 

especially within the Shan-Thai or 

SIBUMASU (SinoBurMalayaSumatra) 

terrane of southeast Asia 

2006020359 

英国希罗普郡布尔德瓦斯地区戴维尔斯丁 

勒上兰多维列统特列奇阶海百合 = Upper 

Llandovery (Telychian) crinoids 

(Echinodermata) of Devil's Dingle, Buildwas, 

Shropshire. ( 英文 ). Donovan S K; Lewis D N. 


Two crinoids with strong North American 

affinities are described from the Telychian 

(Upper Llandovery, Lower Silurian) of Devil's 

Dingle, near Buildwas, Shropshire. The 

disparid Myelodactylus convolutus Hall is 

easily differentiated from other members of 

this genus from the Silurian of the British Isles 

by its distinctive stem geometry. This species 

was hitherto only known with certainty from 

North America, although an unsubstantiated 

report had identified it previously from the 

Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. The 

sagenocrinid flexible Clidochirus? sp. is 

tentatively assigned to a genus originally 

identified from Gotland, but best known from 

North America. The specimen from Devil's 

Dingle is probably a new species, with arms 

branching only twice and a distinctive 

sculpture to the tertibrachials, but only one 

side of the crown is exposed. 

2006020360 

海蕾的早期个体发育 = The early ontogeny 

of blastoids. ( 英文 ). Sevastopulo G D. 


Blastoids (phylum Echinodermata; class 

Blastoidea) pass through a stage during 

growth in which the oral surface of the minute 

theca is composed of five oral plates only. The 

evidence that these thecae, which lack 

hydrospires, deltoids and lancet plates, are 

107

juvenile blastoids is that they occur together 

with mature blastoids and vice versa; they 

have growth lines on the exterior of the plates; 

and the outlines of their thecal plates are 

congruent with the earliest growth lines of the 

thecal plates of blastoids. It is proposed that 

this growth stage should be refer-red to as the 

passalocrinid stage, because the juvenile 

blastoids at this stage have previously been 

referred to Passalocrinus, originally described 

as a monocyclic crinoid. Coronoids also pass 

through a stage comparable to the 

passalocrinid stage of blastoids. 

2006020361 

英格兰白垩纪泥海星 ( 海星纲 , 

Goniopectinidae) 一新属 Chrispaulia = 

Chrispaulia, a new genus of mud star 

(Asteroidea, Goniopectinidae) from the 

Cretaceous of England. ( 英文 ). Gale A S. 


The asteroid species Nymphaster radiatus 

Spencer is redescribed in detail and placed in 

a new genus, Chrispaulia. Newly collected 

associated ossicles including ambulacral, 

adambulacral, marginal, terminal and actinal 

plates demonstrate that this taxon is a member 

of the family Goniopectinidae (order 

Paxillosida, suborder Cribellina), rather than 

of the Goniasteridae (order Valvatida) as 

hitherto presumed. This is the first fossil 

record of the Goniopectinidae, which is a 

small and rather uncommon family in Recent 

seas. Living Cribellina are specialized deposit 

feeders which burrow into muddy substrates 

in moderately deep marine to abyssal 

environments. The restriction of C. radiatus to 

Cretaceous muds and marly chalks, taken in 

conjunction with morphological evidence, 

leads to the conclusion that this species had a 

similar life style. The occurrence of fossil 

Cribellina is reviewed and the Cretaceous 

(Campanian) genus Paleoctenodiscus from 

Mexico is assigned to the Porcellanasteridae. 

2006020362 

棘皮动物前辐射史 = The pre-radial history 

of echinoderms. ( 英文 ). Smith A B. 


Gene sequence data now identify a robust 

phylogeny of deuterostomes and provide a 

framework within which the evolution of 

echinoderms can be interpreted. The topology 

of the molecular tree makes a number of 

important predictions about the morphological 

characters of the earliest echinoderm at its 

split from hemichordates: it possessed gill slits 

(but not a notochord), had a bilaterally 

symmetrical body plan in the adult and, less 

certainly, underwent torsion during 

development. Carpoids, a highly contentious 

group of extinct deuterostomes with a plated 

calcite skeleton that have variously been 

interpreted as stem- and crown-group 

chordates, stem-group echinoderms or stemand 

crown-group echinoderms, display many 

of these basal characters and provide critical 

evidence for how the latest common ancestor 

of hemichordates and echinoderms was 

transformed into a pentaradiate crown-group 

echinoderm. 

Cinctans have a large atrial opening in 

addition to mouth and anus, and are 

interpreted as pharyngeal basket feeders. The 

paired grooves associated with the mouth 

indicate the presence of a hydrovascular 

system, but not necessarily one built along the 

echinoderm plan (that is, derived from just the 

left hydrocoel). Stylophorans have a bilateral 

body plan that is externally masked by torsion 

and possess gills, either unpaired and external, 

or paired and internal, opening into an atrial 

cavity. Their bilateral appendage is a 

locomotory organ, not an ambulacrum, and 

there is no evidence that stylophorans ever 

possessed a well-developed hydrovascular 

system homologous to the water vascular 

system of echinoderms and the tentacles of 

pterobranch hemichordates. Solutes are the 

most crownward, having a true echinodermal 

ambulacral system with a single hydropore 

and no pharyngeal gill openings. 

2006020363 

美国印第安纳志留纪下温洛克阶始海百合 

Ampheristocystis = Ampheristocystis, a 

Silurian (Lower Wenlock) eocrinoid 

(Echinodermata, Blastozoa) from Indiana. ( 英 

文 ). Frest T J. Geological Journal, 2005, 

40(3): 301-329 

The enigmatic blastozoan echinoderm 

Ampheristocystis concentricus, based on four 

specimens from the upper part of the Osgood 

Member, Salamonie Dolomite (Upper? 

Llandovery-Lower Wenlock), southeastern 

Indiana, is most likely an eocrinoid. 

Supporting this assignment are the five 

basals(?), five symmetrical appendage facets 

(possibly bearing biserial brachiolar trunks) 

and details of the thecal plating (moderate 

number of semiregularly arranged thecal 

plates). Some features (poorly known 

subvective appendages and poreless thecal 

plates) could indicate paracrinoid affinities, 

108

and suggest that the,classes Eocrinoidea and 

Paracrinoidea may be more closely related 

than indicated by current taxonomy. Whatever 

the class disposition, the genus is the youngest 

representative yet known. Placement in the 

Blastozoa, based on holoperipheral plate 

growth, morphology of the brachiole-like 

appendages and peristome, among other 

features, is unequivocal. The sharply 

discriminated oral and thecal plating, and 

protuberant anal opening, are unusual features 

for either paracrinoids or eocrinoids. Separate 

familial status is advocated for 

Ampheristocystis, but the family is not 

assigned to an order. The oral surface of the 

genus, consisting of regular orals and suborals, 

and fixed ambulacrals, presents an 

arrangement unique among eocrinoids, but 

analogous to the tegmen of camerate crinoids 

and of the rhombiferan family Caryocrinitidae. 

Development of a regular tegmen, fairly 

regular thecal plating and elongate fusiform 

shape indicate Ampheristocystis is an 

evolutionarily convergent, aberrant blastozoan, 

perhaps competitive with the camerates that 

generally dominated Silurian echinoderm 

faunas, and with the contemporary, equally 

successful blastozoan Caryocrinites. 

Ampheristocystis is not closely associated with 

hard surfaces or debris piles, as are many 

Osgood echinoderms, but preferred soft silt or 

mud bottoms. Associated echinoderms include 

several diploporites, coronoids, a few large 

camerates (e.g. Eucalyptocrinites) and 

Caryocrinites. Two specimens have evidently 

decollated the stem; one retains a sizeable, 

crinoid-like stem. Hence, it is presently 

unclear whether the life habits of this genus 

were more like that of the common Osgood 

diploporites or stemmed contemporaries such 

as Caryocrinites and Eucalyptocrinites. 

Alternatively, it could perhaps exploit both 

habits equally well. 

2006020364 

修订海桩纲的 supertree = Stylophoran 

supertrees revisited. ( 英文 ). Lefebvre B. Acta 


486 

Supertree analysis is a recent exploratory 

method that involves the simultaneous 

combination of two or more character-based 

source trees into a single consensus supertree. 

This method was recently applied by Ruta to a 

fossil group of enigmatic Palaeozoic forms, 

the stylophoran echinoderms. A new supertree 

analysis was performed using a slightly 

corrected version of Ruta's originalcombined 

matrix; the 70% majority-rule consensus of 

24,168 most parsimonious supertrees suggests 

that mitrates are monophyletic and derived 

from paraphyletic cornutes. A second new 

supertree analysis was generated to test the 

influence of the pruning jof three taxa in some 

calcichordate source trees; the 70% majorityrule 

consensus of 3,720 shortest supertrees 

indicates that both cornutes and mitrates are 

monophyletic and derived from a 

Ceratocystis-like ancestor. The two new 

supertree analyses demonstrate the dramatic 

influence of the relative contributions of each 

initial assumption of plate homologies, in 

original source trees, on the final topology of 

supertrees. 

2006020365 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚 Tepuel-Genoa 盆地上古 

生代圆顶海百合亚纲 ( 可弯海百合亚科、 

均分海百合科和雕海百合亚目 ) 海百合 . = 

Crinoids of the subclass camerata 

(Camptocrininae, Dichocrinidae and 

Glyptocrinina) from the Tepuel-Genoa basin, 

Upper Palaeozoic of Patagonia, Argentina. ( 其 

他 ). Hlebszevitsch J C. Ameghiniana, 2005, 

42(3): 597-610 

Camerate crinoids are described from the 

Tepuel Genoa basin, western Argentine 

Patagonia. The material consists of 

fragmented calyxes belonging to the 

subfamily Camptocrininae, family 

Dichocriniclae and suborder Glyptocrinina. 

They were found at several localities and 

horizons of Late Carboniferous and Early 

Permian age. The dichocrinids and 

camptocrinids have an earlier record in 

Patagonia than in Australia. This diachronism 

of southern Gondwana crinoids favours the 

interpretation of the migration of faunas from 

west to east, following the proposed similar 

shift of glacial conditions. New species 

described are: Camptocrinus mollensis sp. 

nov., circle divide Camptocrinus 

patagoniensis sp. nov., circle divide 

Camptocrinus bezouglovae sp. nov. and circle 

divide Camptocrinus olartei sp. nov. 

2006020366 

意大利北部丹尼期海胆纲心形海胆目新种 

Ovulaster protodecimae 及其伴生的表栖动 

物 ( 蔓足亚纲 ,Verrucidae) = Ovulaster 

protodecimae n.sp. (Echinoidea, Spatangoida) 

and associated epifauna (Cirripedia, 

Verrucidae) from the Danian of northeastern 

109

Italy.. ( 其他 ). Giusberti L; Fantin M; 

Buckeridge J. Revista Espanola de 

paleontologia, 2005, 111(3): 455-465 

A new species of irregular echinoid, 

Ovulaster protodecimae, is describedA new 

species of irregular echinoid, Ovulaster 

protodecimae, is described from the Danian 

Scaglia Rossa Formation out-cropping in the 

Venetian Prealps (Southern Alps, northeastern 

Italy). The new species, belonging to the order 

Spatangoida, is very distinctive because of its 

inflated, almost triangular test, the highpositioned 

periproct and the plate arrangement 

on the oral face. This is the first report of the 

genus Ovulaster in the Danian of Italy and the 

first description of an echinoid from the Early 

Palaeocene of Italy. One test has an epifauna 

of the sessile verrucid barnacle Verruca sp. cf. 

V. prisca Bosquet, 1854, attached on all 

except the oral surface. from the Danian 

Scaglia Rossa Formation out-cropping in the 

Venetian Prealps (Southern Alps, northeastern 

Italy). The new species, belonging to the order 

Spatangoida, is very distinctive because of its 

inflated, almost triangular test, the highpositioned 

periproct and the plate arrangement 

on the oral face. This is the first report of the 

genus Ovulaster in the Danian of Italy and the 

first description of an echinoid from the Early 

Palaeocene of Italy. One test has an epifauna 

of the sessile verrucid barnacle Verruca sp. cf. 

V. prisca Bosquet, 1854, attached on all 

except the oral surface. 

2006020367 

海桩类棘皮动物的种一级的 supertree = A 

species-level supertree for stylophoran 

echinoderms.. ( 英文 ). Ruta M. Acta 


568 

The construction of supertrees from smaller, 

character-based cladograms permits 

simultaneous inclusion of a large number of 

taxa in a single analysis, summarizes patterns 

of relationships from many independent data 

sources, and highlights areas of conflict to be 

targeted by character matrix studies. The 

method is applied for the first time to 

stylophoran echinoderms (cornutes and 

mitrates). Published cladistic analyses of this 

problematic group are used to build a 

supertree of 77 species. Key areas of 

stylophoran phylogeny to be addressed by 

future studies include the systematic 

placement of several mitrate-like cornutes, the 

affinities of peltocystidan and lagynocystid 

mitrates, and the position of such bizarrelooking 

taxa as Diamphidiocystis and 

Lobocarpus. A strict consensus of 72,278 

equally parsimonious supertree solutions 

shows cornutes to be paraphyletic relative to 

mitrates. Lobocarpus is either one of the most 

derived cornutes or the sister taxon to all 

mitrates, in agreement with its chimaera-like 

combination of cornute- and mitrate-like 

features. Chinianocarpos is basal to 

peltocystidan rather than to mitrocystitidan 

mitrates. Nanocarpus, an almost bilaterally 

symmetrical taxon previously allied to 

cornutes, is nested within mitrates as sister 

taxon to mitrocystitids plus anomalocystitids. 

Diamphidiocystis and Lagynocystis cause loss 

of phylogenetic resolution among derived 

mitrocystitids and basal anomalocystitids. 

2006020368 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚南部布尔吉司页岩 

和美国犹他州北部斯潘塞页岩新的始海百 

合 = New eocrinoids from the Burgess Shale, 

southern British Columbia, Canada, and the 

Spence Shale, northern Utah, USA. ( 英文 ). 

Sprinkle J; Collins D. Canadian Journal of 

Earth Sciences, 2006, 43(3): 303-322 

The family Lyracystidae n.fam. and genus 

Lyracystis n.gen. are proposed for the 

holotype and one paratype of the Middle 

Cambrian eocrinoid Gogia? radiata Sprinkle, 

the Burgess Shale "Arms" from the same unit, 

and many additional partial and more 

complete specimens of this eocrinoid collected 

from the Burgess Shale since 1975. A second 

species, Lyracystis reesei n.gen. and n.sp. is 

described from a single partly complete 

specimen from the similar-aged Spence Shale 

of northern Utah. Lyracystis has three wide V- 

shaped arms bearing numerous long straight 

brachioles in the notch, a partly organized 

theca having larger and smaller ridged plates 

with epispires, and a very long multiplated 

stalk made up of rounded or spiny small plates. 

Lyracystis is the longest-stalked, suspensionfeeding 

echinoderm known from the Middle 

Cambrian. The three remaining paratypes of 

Gogia? radiata and four new specimens with 

possible branched brachioles from the Burgess 

Shale are renamed Gogia stephenensis n.sp. 

笔石动物 

2006020369 

志留纪笔石属 Streptograptus 和 

Pseudostreptograptus = The Silurian 

graptolite genera Streptograptus and 

Pseudostreptograptus. ( 英文 ). Loydell D K; 

110

Maletz J. Journal of Systematic 


Streptograptus is a common, diverse and 

stratigraphically important Telychian 

graptolite genus. It is characterised by the 

presence of a centrally-placed nozzle in the 

metatheca. Five species groups of 

Streptograptus are recognised, based upon the 

presence or absence of thecal characters, the 

most important of which are (all terms are 

new): cupulae, which are protuberances at the 

base of the theca; the platform, a concave 

depression with a central longitudinal 

convexity in which the metatheca sits; the 

distal lobes, extensions of the dorsal 

metathecal wall; and the apron, secondary 

fusellar growth over the original metatheca. 

Pseudostreptograptus thecae lack the central 

longitudinal convexity to the platform and 

bear lateral spines/spatulate processes. 

Isolated material of 12 species, mostly from 

Osmundsberget, Sweden, is described. 

Cupulae, the platform and ventral rhabdosome 

curvature appeared at the beginning of the 

Telychian, the apron at the beginning of the 

turriculatus Zone. In the subsequent crispus 

and sartorius zones some new character 

combinations arose (platforms in proximal 

thecae only of S. crispus, a species that lacks 

cupulae), whilst others reached their greatest 

recorded level of development (central 

longitudinal convexity and marginal flanges to 

platform in S. loydelli, apron in S. sartorius). 

2006020370 

哈萨克斯坦一个新的奥陶纪喙壳类软体动 

物 = A new Ordovician rostroconch mollusc 

from Kazakhstan. ( 英文 ). Popov L E, Cope J 

C W, Nikitin I F. Alcheringa, 2003, 27(3/4): 

173-179 

The rostroconch mollusc Eopteria aiteneria 

sp. nov. is described from the Late Ordovician 

Angrensor Formation of north-eastern Central 

Kazakhstan it is the first and only known 

representative of this group from the 

Ordovician of central Asia. By the beginning 

of the Late Ordovician Eopteria and the family 

Eopteriidae were on the verge of extinction 

and the new Kazakhstan species represents the 

youngest preserved record of the family in the 

Ordovician. It is likely that the group found a 

refuge in the diverse, but rather conservative, 

faunal assemblage of the Hiberno-Salairian 

type associated with Late Ordovician 

carbonate algal build-ups and mud mounds 

which spread widely during the late Caradoc 

to mid Ashgill across Kazakhstanian volcanic 

island arcs and microplates. 

2006020371 

紫阳文洛克统底界生物地层学新研究 = A 

new study of biostratigraphy of the Wenlock 

bottom boundary in Ziyang, Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 

傅力浦 ; 张子福 . 地质论评 , 2004, 50(5): 449- 

453 

通过对紫阳地区 10 个文洛克统底界剖面 

的重新观察 , 笔者等认为晚兰多弗里期的标 

准化石 Oktavites spiralis(Geinitz) 从未进入 

文洛克统 , 这与国际上是一致的。过去在紫 

阳地区所有被鉴定为 C. centrifugusBoucek 

的标本 , 经详细比较均应改为 C. annularis 

Fu, 其层位都产于 C. lapworthi 带。近年对 

芭蕉口剖面进行野外调查时 , 笔者等采到了 

真正的 C. centrifugus Boucek 和 C. 

murchisoni Carruthers 标本 , 因此更加完善了 

C. lapworthi-C. sakmaricus-C. insectus-C. 

centrifugus-C. murchisoni 这一弓笔石演替序 

列。 

2006020372 

韩国 Yeongwol 地区早奥陶世 Mungok 组 

笔石 Psigraptus jacksoni: 系统分类和发育 

= Psigraptus jacksoni from the Early 

Ordovician Mungok Formation, Yeongwol 

area, Korea: taxonomy and development. ( 英 

文 ). Kim J Y; Cho H S; Erdtmann B D. 

Alcheringa, 2006, 30(1): 11-22 

The taxonomy of Psigraptus species is 

reviewed, and the development of the 

rhabdosome is confirmed on the basis of 

Psigraptus jacksoni from the Mungok 

Formation of the Yeongwol area, Korea. Five 

genera erected in Chinese papers are here 

synonymised with Psigraptus, which contains 

only two species, P. jacksoni and P. arcticus 

(=P. lenzi). The development of the Psigraptus 

rhabdosome has been uncertain since the 

genus was erected, because of its fragile and 

easily deformed features; based on threedimensionally 

well-preserved specimens of 

Psigraptus from the Yeongwol area, the genus 

has two first-order stipes, with subsequent 

isograptid development. 

分类位置不明 

2006020373 

阿尔卑斯山白垩纪琥珀中化石包鞘细菌的 

一个新属种 Leptotrichites resinatus = 

Leptotrichites resinatus new genus and species: 

a fossil sheathed bacterium in Alpine 

111

Cretaceous Amber. ( 英文 ). Schmidt A R; 

Schäfer U. Journal of Paleontology, 2005, 

79(1): 175–184 3 图版 . 

Fungal hyphae, unicellular algae, and 

filiform prokaryotic inclusions are the most 

abundant microfossils of the Cretaceous 

amber of Schliersee (Bavaria, southern 

Germany). These prokaryotes are described as 

Leptotrichites resinatus new genus and 

species, and interpreted as sheathed bacteria 

with similarities to the extant genus Leptothrix 

Kützing, 1843. However, the 

micromorphological and microanalytical 

features of this new species do not correspond 

entirely with those of the modern sheathed 

bacteria. Previous interpretations of these 

inclusions as filiform cyanobacteria, algae, 

and fungi have to be revised. Together with 

their numerous syninclusions, mainly fossil 

ciliates, testaceans, and microalgae, these 

prokaryotes belonged to a Cenomanian 

limnetic microcenosis of water bodies, such as 

ponds close to the resin-producing trees. 

Actualistic paleontological experiments reveal 

how these soft-bodied microorganisms could 

have been embedded in resins. 

2006020374 

早寒武世分类位置不明的化石 

Vetustovermis 及其可能的亲缘关系 = An 

Early Cambrian problematic fossil: 

Vetustovermis and its possible affinities. ( 英 

文 ). Chen Junyuan; Huang Diying ; Bottjer D 

J. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 


2007 

The Early Cambrian problematic fossil 

Vetustovermis (Glaessner 1979 Alcheringa 3, 

21–31) was described as an annelid or 

arthropod. Anatomical analysis of 17 new 

specimens from the Lower Cambrian 

Maotianshan Shale at Anning, Kunming 

(South China) does not support its affinities 

with annelids or arthropods. Anatomical 

features instead resemble other animal groups 

including modern flatworms, nemertines and 

molluscs. The presence of a pelagic slug-like 

form and ventral foot, as well as a head with 

eyes and tentacles indicates a possible affinity 

with molluscs, but these characters are not 

present only in molluscs; some of them are 

shared with other animal groups, including 

flatworms and nemertines. For example, a 

ventral foot-like structure is found in 

nemertines, ‘turbellarians’, and some 

polychaete groups. The well differentiated 

head is seen in separate bilaterian groups, but 

among molluscs it did not occur before the 

evolutionary level of the Conchifera. Unlike 

the ctenia-gills in molluscs, the gills in 

Vetustovermis are bar-like. All the characters 

displayed in this 525 million-year old softbodied 

animal fail to demonstrate clear 

affinity with molluscs or any other known 

extant or extinct animal groups, but argue for 

representing an independently evolved animal 

group, which flourished in Early Cambrian 

and possibly in Middle Cambrian time. 

2006020375 

巴西东北部 Parnaiba 和 Jatoba 两盆地 

中 , 晚泥盆世几丁石和生物地层 = Middle 

and Late Devonian Chitinozoa and 

biostratigraphy of the Parnaiba and Jatoba 

Basins, northeastern Brazil. ( 英文 ). Grahn Y; 

de Melo J H G. Palaeontographica 

Abt.B, 2005, 272(1-6): 1-50 

The 63 chitinozoan species encountered 

include 32 species retained in open 

nomenclature due to the insufficient number 

of well-preserved specimens, and seven 

species described as new. A regional 

chitinozoan biozonation, consisting of six 

zones is proposed for the investigated interval. 

These zones are, from the oldest to the 

youngest: interval range zone of 

Ancyrochitina latipes (eifelian s. l.); 

concurrent range zone of Ancyrochitina 

latipes and Ancyrochitina langei (late 

Eifelian); total range zone of Ramochitina 

stiphrospinata n. sp. (early Givetian); interval 

range zone of Fungochitina microspinosa n. 

sp. (middle Givetian); interval range zone of 

Lagenochitina avelinoi (Frasnian s. l. ); and 

the concurrent range zone of Urochitina 

bastosii and Sommerochitina langei (late 

Frasnian-middle Famennian). 

2006020376 

瑞典上阿伦尼克统至下兰维恩统含 

Lenodus variabilis 的牙形石动物群 = 

Conodont faunas with Lenodus variabilis in 

the upper Arenigian to lower Llanvirnian of 

Sweden.. ( 英文 ). Lofgren A. Acta 


436 

Lenodus variabilis occurs in an interval in 

the lower to middle Kundan Stage which 

includes the Arenig-Llanvirn boundary. The 

lower part of its range constitutes the L. 

variabilis Zone, the upper part, where it cooccurs 

with Yangtzeplacognathus crassus, 

making up the Y. crassus Zone. The conodont 

faunas of these two consecutive conodont 

112

iozones have been investigated in 14 sections 

from south, south-central and central Sweden, 

the faunal differences between the areas being 

mainly expressed in shifts in relative 

abundance. 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 

2006020377 

二叠纪末集群绝灭之后南非卡落盆地陆声 

脊椎动物多样性的复苏 = The recovery of 

terrestrial vertebrate diversity in the South 

African Karoo Basin after the end-Permian 

extinction. ( 英文 ). Smith R; Botha J. Comptes 


The southern half of the main Karoo Basin 

in South Africa contains an almost continuous 

stratigraphic record of terrestrial 

sedimentation through the Permo-Triassic 

boundary (PTB). Detailed logging of multiple 

sections through the boundary sequence has 

defined the end-Permian mass extinction event 

using vertebrate fossils as well as a 

synchronous change in fluvial style reflecting 

a rapid aridification of climate. Field data 

demonstrates a 69% mass extinction of Late 

Permian terrestrial vertebrates lasting some 

300 kyr terminating at the PTB, followed by a 

lesser extinction event (31%) approximately 

160 kyr later involving four survivor taxa that 

crossed the PTB. The Early Triassic recovery 

fauna comprises proterosuchian 

archosauromorphs (Proterosuchus), small 

amphibians (Micropholis, Lydekkerina), small 

procolophonoids (‘Owenetta’ kitchingorum, 

Procolophon), medium-sized dicynodonts 

(Lystrosaurus) and small insectivorous 

cynodonts (Progalesaurus, Galesaurus, 

Thrinaxodon). Taphonomic bias towards 

preferential preservation of drought 

accumulations in the Early Triassic has 

probably over-emphasized the abundance and 

diversity of semi aquatic and burrowing 

animals 

2006020378 

河北泥河湾 “Pliopentalagus nihewanensis” 

分类地位的再思考 = Reconsideration of the 

generic assignment of "Pliopentalagus 

nihewanensis" from the Late Pliocene of 

Hebei, China. ( 中文 ). 富田幸光 ; 金昌柱 . 古脊 

椎动物学报 , 2005, 43(4): 297-303 

自 20 世纪 60 年代 , 欧亚大陆晚新生代 

地层中陆续发现了 p3 由 5 个主要褶沟组成 

的兔类化石 , 并先后建立了上新五褶兔 

( Pliopentalagus Gureev et Konkova , 

1964 ) 和三裂齿兔 (Trischizolagus 

Radulesco et Samson,1967) 两属。近年 , 

在中国安徽淮南大居山新生代晚期不同时 

代的洞穴、裂隙堆积物中发现了保存相当 

完整 , 数量颇多的上新五褶兔的材料。笔 

者在研究大居山新洞早上新世的上新五褶 

兔时 , 将其与欧亚大陆该属内的已知种和 

三裂齿兔的各种进行了详细比较 , 发现产 

自河北省阳原县泥河湾盆地晚上新世稻地 

组的 Pliopentalagus nihewanensis Cai,1989 

被指定为上新五褶兔值得商榷。 

Pliopentalagus nihewanensis 的材料仅有 1 

枚 p3(GMCV2008—1) 和两枚中间颊齿 

( p4 或 ml , GMCV2008—2 及 n12 , 

V2008—3 )。正型标本 p3 的中前褶沟 

(AR) 中央、后外褶沟和后内褶沟后壁釉 

质层具有小褶曲 , 这些形态确实与上新五 

褶兔的特征有些相似。但褶曲的发育程度 

明显比上新五褶兔的弱 ; 另外 , 其齿冠舌 

侧后缘向后内突出 , 后外褶沟和后内褶沟 

较平直并近与齿纵轴垂直 , 后外褶沟与后 

内褶沟深度相近等而与上新五褶兔也有所 

不同。褶沟的釉质层在两枚中间颊齿中较 

平直 , 与上新五褶兔显然也有较大的区 

别。就该 p3 而言 , 可以认为它属于一枚釉 

质构造极简单的上新五褶兔的前臼齿 , 也 

可以认为是釉质构造很复杂的三裂齿兔的 

p3。研究表明 , 在上新五褶兔和三裂齿兔 

的系统演化过程中 , 其颊齿褶沟釉质层的 

构造有越来越复杂的趋向。作为上新世较 

晚期的 “Pliopentalagus nihewanensis” 的 

p3, 指定为上新五褶兔显然有悖于该属釉 

质构造在地史中越来越复杂的演化事实 , 

而指定为三裂齿兔则正好与该属釉质构造 

的演化趋势相符 (Averianov and Tesakov, 

1997)。另外 , 从共生动物群和动物的生 

活习性看 , 安徽淮南发现的上新五褶兔与 

大量现代东洋界特有的类型共生 ( 如 

Tupaiidae、Platacanthomyidae 等 ), 上新 

五褶兔的后裔 —— 现生的日本琉球奄美黑 

兔 (Pentalagus) 的栖息地为温暖、湿润的 

多山环境 ; 而目前发现的三裂齿兔共生动 

物群所指示的是干凉的稀树草原环境 , 与 

上新五褶兔的生态环境有所不同。含 

“Pliopentalagus nihewanensis” 的晚上新世稻 

地动物群主要由典型的古北界属种 ( 如 

Mesosiphneus paratingi 、 Mimomys 

orientalis 、 Germanomys cf.G . weileri 、 

Chardinomys nihewanicus 及 Ochotona 

spp. 等 ) 组成 , 而未见典型的东洋界成 

113

员。这种温带相对干旱的草原环境 , 显然 

与中国发现的上新五褶兔及其后裔的生存 

环境很不一样。因此 , 笔者认为 “ 泥河湾上 

新五褶兔 ” 应归入三裂齿兔属 , 正名泥河湾 

三裂齿兔 Trischizolagus nihewanertsis 

(Cai,1989)。种征订正为 :p3 具有较复 

杂的形态构造 ; 中前褶沟具衍生的中央小 

褶曲 , 后外褶沟和后内褶沟后壁釉质层褶 

曲相对发育。该种以这些基本特征而不同 

于欧亚大陆的已知种 ( 如 T. dumitrescuae、 

T. mirifwus 等 ), 它可能代表该属的一个进 

步类型。` 

鱼类 

2006020379 

地中海盆地上新世 - 更新世鱼类居群的演 

化趋势 : 绝灭事件的性质、时间和幅度 = 

Evolutionary trends in the Plio-Pleistocene 

ichthyofauna of the Mediterranean Basin: 

nature, timing and magnitude of the extinction 

events. ( 英文 ). Landini W; Sorbini C. 

Quaternany International, 2005, 131(1): 101- 

107 

Trends in standing diversity and turnover 

rates of Italian fish communities from the Late 

Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene are 

analyzed on the base of a list of 197 taxa 

(represented by both ichthyoliths and otoliths) 

obtained through the study of 16 Italian fossil 

deposits with good chronostratigraphic 

resolution. Standing diversity shows a regular 

and positive trend, maintained by intense 

episodes of turnover, which have been 

recognized in Late Pliocene, Plio/Pleistocene 

boundary and Early/Middle Pleistocene 

boundary. On the contrary, an absolute stasis 

corresponds to the Early Pleistocene and an 

episode of extinction not balanced by 

originations characterizes the Middle 

Pleistocene. None of the observed episodes 

appear to be substantially selective: all 

environments are vulnerable, even if with 

different intensities, and the mechanisms of 

recharge seem to compensate the extinction. 

2006020380 

San Salvador Patlanoaya ( 墨西哥 , Puebla 

省 ) 地区晚宾西法尼亚世和早二叠世软骨鱼 

微体化石 = Late Pennsylvanian and Early 

Permian chondrichthyan microremains from 

San Salvador Patlanoaya (Puebla, Mexico). 

( 英文 ). Derycke-Khatir C; Vachard D; 

Dégardin J M; de Dios A F; Buitrón B; 

Hansen M. Geobios, 2005, 38(1): 43-55 

The San Salvador Patlanoaya section 

(Puebla State, Mexico) is known for its 

richness of many fossil groups. Among them, 

the calcareous shells have been principally 

investigated. This paper deals with 

Missourian–Virgilian (Late Pennsylvanian) 

and Leonardian (late Early Permian) Mexican 

fish remains. A discussion about Helicoprion 

and related genera, is followed by the 

systematic description of the revised or 

discovered taxa: Cooperella typicalis, 

Moreyella cf. M. typicalis, M. (?) sp., 

“Sturgeonella” quinqueloba, Hybodontidae 

gen. sp. 1 and 2, scale indet. 

Palaeobiogeographic implications are 

suggested. 

2006020381 

伊比利亚半岛晚侏罗纪一弓鳍鱼化石 

(Neopterygii, Amiiformes) = An amioid fish 

(Neopterygii, Amiiformes) from the Late 

Jurassic of the Iberian Peninsula. ( 英文 ). 

Kriwet J. Geobios, 2005, 38(1): 99-106 

The first record of the bowfin order 

Amiiformes in the Late Jurassic of Portugal is 

reported. The single specimen comes from the 

Guimarota coal mine near Leiria in the 

Lusitanian basin. Here, Kimmeridgian strata 

that yielded abundant teeth, spines, and scales 

of selachians and actinopterygians are exposed 

below ground. The specimen described herein 

is the only disarticulated fish remain from this 

locality. It consists of jaw elements, parts of 

the palatoquadrate and opercular apparatus, an 

element of the postorbital series and some 

additional postcranial parts. The systematic 

position of the new specimen is discussed. 

The combination of characters allows 

assignment to the Amioidea rather than to 

other amiiform groups. Therefore, the 

specimen constitutes the first undoubted 

record of an amioid in the Late Jurassic of the 

Iberian Peninsula and contributes to the 

knowledge of Late Jurassic amiiform 

distribution patterns. 

2006020382 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚下三叠统萨尔弗山 

组辐鳍鱼类一新种 : Helmolepis 

cyphognathus = Helmolepis cyphognathus, 

sp. nov., a new platysiagid actinopterygian 

from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain 

Formation (British Columbia, Canada). ( 英文 ). 

Neuman A G ; Mutter R J. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2005, 42(1): 25-36 

A new species of stem actinopterygian, 

Helmolepis cyphognatus sp. nov., is reported 

114

from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain 

Formation of western Canada (probably 

Smithian). This taxon differs from the only 

other known Early Triassic platysiagid, H. 

gracilis from the Lower Triassic Wordie 

Creek Formation of East Greenland 

(Griesbachian), in counts of branchiostegal 

rays, shape of the maxilla, shape (and possibly 

counts) of extrascapulars, and the size ratio of 

major opercular bones. In spite of their overall 

unfavorable preservation, the numerous 

available specimens amend our knowledge of 

the little known genus Helmolepis 

considerably: it has become evident that the 

morphology of Helmolepis cyphognatus sp. 

nov. comes closest to Platysiagum minus 

(Middle Triassic Besano Formation of central 

Europe). This study suggests placement of the 

two genera in the family Platysiagidae. 

Investigation of this new species also shows 

certain features of the cheek and the caudal fin 

are more primitive than previously believed, 

whereas the snout region is probably derived 

but of yet uncertain affinities in Helmolepis. 

2006020383 

Spitsbergen 地区泥盆纪 Doryaspis 一新种 

及形态功能分析 = Description of a new 

species and morpho-functional analysis of the 

genus Doryaspis White (Heterostraci) from 

the Devonian of Spitsbergen. ( 法文 ). Pernègre 

V N. Geobios, 2005, 38(2): 257-268 

Doryaspis groenhorgensis nov. sp. is a new 

pteraspidiform from the lower devonian of 

Spitsbergen. The genus Doryaspis is now 

considered as the most abundant 

pteraspidiform of the Wood Bay formation, 

with five described species. Moreover, the 

pteraspidiform diversity of this formation has 

been under rated all along the XXth century. 

A morpho-functional analysis of the 

Doryaspis generic characters (e.g. flat dorsal 

shield, ventral pseudorostrum, long cornual 

plates) allows to consider two possible mode 

of life. However, none of the pelagic or 

benthic mode of life is better supported than 

the other. The same analysis introduce some 

interpretative hypothesis on histology and 

moving of the Pteraspidiformes. The 

Pteraspidiformes diversity of Spitsbergen is 

important for further Devonian circum-arctic 

comparisons (e.g. siberian platform). 

2006020384 

加拿大新斯科舍下石炭统 Horton Bluff 组 

根齿鱼类一新属及该类群下颚的演化 = A 

new genus of rhizodontid (Sarcopterygii, 

Tetrapodomorpha) from the Lower 

Carboniferous Horton Bluff Formation of 

Nova Scotia, and the evolution of the lower 

jaws in this group. ( 英文 ). Brazeau M D. 

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2005, 

42(8): 1481-1499 

Letognathus gen. nov. is described from the 

Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Horton 

Bluff Formation. Included in this genus is the 

species Letognathus hardingi (Dawson 1868), 

which was originally assigned toRhizodus and 

later toStrepsodus, but it is distinct from these 

genera in tooth morphology and the presence 

of several more primitive rhizodontid 

characters. By contrast with these latter more 

derived genera, the parasymphysial plate 

contacts the first coronoid; the first coronoid 

bears a row of lingually deflected teeth, the 

tooth striations occur around the entire 

circumference of the crown and are much 

finer and less regular than those ofStrepsodus, 

and marginal tooth row reaches anteriorly to 

the dentary symphysis. Phylogenetic analysis 

indicates that rhizodontid jaws primitively 

bear symphysial tusks; slender recumbent 

teeth; an anterior projection of the dentary 

over the anteromesial depression for the 

median symphysial plate and shows the highly 

derived jaws ofStrepsodus andRhizodus 

evolved within the Rhizodontida, rather than 

as primitive characters for the group. This new 

jaw material supports earlier models of 

mandibular kinesis and shows that the 

coronoid fangs were oriented such as to 

facilitate kinesis. Rhizodontid jaw evolution 

seems to be marked by parallelisms with 

tristichopterids and early tetrapods. 

2006020385 

希腊加夫佐司岛托尔通阶鱼化石动物群 = 

The Tortonian fish fauna of Gavdos Island 

(Greece). ( 英文 ). Gaudant J; Tsaparas N, 

Antonarakou A, Drinia H; Dermitzakis M D. 


Although the occurrence of fossil fishes is 

known since more than one century in the 

Neogene of Gavdos Island (Greece), its 

composition remained hitherto unknown. The 

present study demonstrates that, in the 

Tortonian of Gavdos, the most abundant 

species is Bregmaceros albyi (Sauvage), 

which constitutes two thirds of the collected 

material. This fish fauna is indicative of an 

environment of moderate depth, probably 

corresponding to the external edge of the 

neritic zone, or possibly to the upper part of 

the continental slope 

115

2006020386 

巴西西阿拉 Chapada do Araripe 地区白垩 

纪鱼化石的早期发现 :‘ 里斯本科学院 ’ 博物 

馆保存的标本 = Early (18th century) 

discovery of Cretaceous fishes from Chapada 

do Araripe, Ceará, Brazil – Specimens kept at 

the ‘Academia das Ciências de Lisboa’ 

Museum. ( 英文 ). Antunes M T;. Balbino A C; 

Freitas I. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 4(4): 

375-384 

Portuguese meaningful contributions to the 

Natural History of territories under the rule or 

influence of Portugal since the 16th century 

have most often been despised or just ignored. 

This is the case of the discovery by a 

Portuguese naturalist of the remarkable 

Cretaceous fossil fish localities from Ceará. 

The collecting of such fossils could be 

ascribed to the end of 18th century. 

Fossiliferous nodules have indeed been 

received in Lisbon well before 1807. Some 

have been rediscovered among the old 

collections of the Lisbon Academy of 

Sciences. Their origin may certainly be 

ascribed to the Santana Formation in Ceará. 

Additional evidence consists of a letter/report 

by João da Sylva Feijoo, a Rio de Janeiro-born 

naturalist that got his degree at the Coimbra 

University. This letter is dated “Siara 11 de 

Dezembro de 1800”. This document remained 

almost unknown, even if it has been published. 

Feijoo is better known as leader of a mission 

to Cape Verde archipelago, where he had been 

sent by the Portuguese government. He 

returned to Lisbon, where the Academy of 

Sciences published some memoirs by him. 

Sometime later, Feijoo returned to Brazil and 

settled down in Ceará, where he carried on 

prospecting work. Feijoo (ibid.) dealt with the 

saltpetre mine at Sítio Tatajuba and mentions 

that he sent samples from there to Lisbon for 

analyses. The corresponding samples have 

been sent to the Governor as well as fossil 

fishes. He also provides some discussion on 

the latter's occurrence conditions and 

expressed his wish to prepare a more detailed 

memoir on these fossil fishes. This is 

accordingly the origin of the nodules of the 

Lisbon Academy's Museum, where these 

specimens have probably been transferred 

from the Ajuda Royal Museum in Lisbon. As a 

concluding remark, let us say that, in our 

present state of knowledge, the first discovery 

of (and the first report on) the famous 

Cretaceous fishes from Ceará have indeed 

been that by the Portuguese citizen, the 

naturalist João da Sylva Feijoo, well before 

the supposedly, often claimed first discovery 

that has been related to the well-known 

expedition by Spix and Martius 

2006020387 

Buchanosteus( 节甲鱼类 ) 的新材料及其生物 

地层学意义 = New material of Buchanosteus 

and its biostratigraphic significance. ( 中文 ). 

王俊卿 . 地质通报 , 2005, 24(9): 800-806 

记述了采自广西永福附近泥盆系的一鱼 

类化石标本。根据头甲轮廓和内颅特征 , 

将其归入节甲鱼类。头甲的宽度大于后松 

果区长度 , 中颈片为梯形 , 后边缘片有较 

长的后突。内颅吻囊与筛后一枕区分开 , 

耳区短 ; 前眶后突不明显 , 位置靠后 ; 后 

眶后突明显 , 远端不分叉。因此新材料应 

归入巴坎鱼属 (Buchanosteus)。但眼孔大 

并朝向背侧上方 , 骨片上粒状突起纹饰的 

冠部和基部没有星状嵴等特征与 

Buchanosteus 

confertituberculatus 

(Chapman) 不同 , 所以新材料应代表一 

新种 , 即 Buchanosteus guangxiensis 

sp.nov.。还对澳大利亚与中国华南地区 

当时的古地理关系进行了讨论。 

2006020388 

德国西南部和波兰西北部中侏罗世新鲨类 

残体 = Neoselachian remains 

(Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the 

Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW 

Poland.. ( 英文 ). Kriwet J. Acta 


694 

New neoselachian remains from the Middle 

Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland are 

described. The locality of Weilen unter den 

Rinnen in SW Germany yielded only few 

orectolobiform teeth from the Aalenian 

representing at least one new genus and 

species, Folipistrix digitulus, which is 

assigned to the orectolobiforms and two 

additional orectolobiform teeth of uncertain 

affinities. The tooth morphology of Folipistrix 

gen. nov. indicates a cutting dentition and 

suggests specialised feeding habits. 

Neoselachians from Bathonian and Callovian 

drill core samples from NW Poland produced 

numerous selachian remains. Most teeth are 

damaged and only the crown is preserved. 

Few identifiable teeth come from uppermost 

lower to lower middle Callovian samples. 

They include a new species, Synechodus 

porogatus, and rare teeth attributed to 

Palaeobrachaelurus sp., Pseudospinax? sp., 

116

Protospinax cf. annectans Woodward, 1919, 

two additional but unidentifiable Protospinax 

spp. and Squalogaleus sp. Scyliorhinids are 

represented only by few isolated tooth crowns. 

No batoid remains have been recovered. The 

two assemblages contribute to the knowledge 

about early neoselachian distribution and 

diversity. 

2006020389 

再论道虎沟生物群的时代 = On the 

geological age of Daohugou Biota. ( 中文 ). 季 

强 ; 柳永清 ; 陈文 ; 姬书安 ; 吕君昌 ; 尤海鲁 ; 袁崇 

喜 . 地质论评 , 2005, 51(6): 609-612 

内蒙古宁城道虎沟地区的晚中生代地层 

十分发育 , 产状平缓 , 主要为一套产有丰 

富动、植物化石的凝灰质泥岩和粉砂岩 , 

并夹有数层火山岩。从区域上来看 , 在西 

台子一带主要为早白垩世义县组的地层 , 

产有丰富的热河生物群的化石 , 常见者有 

鱼类 Lycoptera davidi,Peipiaosteus pani, 

Yanosteus longidorsalis,Protopsephurus liui 

和鸟类 Confuciusornis anctus; 但在道虎 

沟 — 小西沟一带主要为中 — 晚侏罗世髫髻 

山组的地层 , 产有丰富的道虎沟生物群的 

化石 , 常见者有蝾螈 Jeholotriton paradoxus 

和 Chunerpeton tianyiensis , 翼龙 

Jeholopterus ningchengensis 和 

Pterorhynchus wellnhoferi , 手盗龙类 

Scansoriopteryx heilmanni 和 ( ? ) 

Pedopenna daohugouensis [ 本文对 Xu 等 

( 2005 ) 描述的道虎沟足羽龙 

(Pedopennad aohugouensis) 的原始产地存 

有疑义 ] , 昆虫 Mesobaetis sibirica , 

Mesoneta antiqua , Rhipidoblattina 

( Canaliblatta ) hebeiensis , Brunneus 

haifanggouensis , Palaeontinodes 

haifanggouensis 等 , 叶肢介 Euestheria 

zilujingensis , E. haifanggouensis , E. 

jingyuanensis 和 E. 1uanpingensis , 植物 

Cladophlebis ( Osmunda ? ) sp., 

Anomozamites angulatus, A.(Trymia?) 

sp., Cycadolepis sp., Gmkgotes sp., 

Pityospermus sp., Pityocladus sp . , 

Zamitesgigas, Yanliaoiasmensis 和 

Coniopteris burejem 括等。根据区域地质构 

造、地层分布、生物群特征和地质年代学 

资料分析 , 笔者确信道虎沟生物群的时代 

为中 — 晚侏罗世 ( 卡洛夫阶 — 牛津阶 ), 

根本不可能将其归于早白垩世热河生物 

群。 

2006020390 

云南文山大窗鱼 (Macrothyraspis) 属一 

新种 = A new species of Macrothyraspis 

(Galeaspida, agnatha) from Wenshan, Yunnan, 

China. ( 中文 ). 王俊卿 ; 盖志琨 ; 朱敏 . 古脊椎 

动物学报 , 2005, 43(4): 304-311 

记述了产于云南文山古木早泥盆世坡松 

冲组华南鱼类大窗鱼一新种 — 长矛大窗鱼 

( Macrothyraspis longilanceus 

sp.nov.)。新种头甲呈头盔形 , 吻突与 

角均很发育 , 中背孔呈后缘前凹的桃形 , 

头甲背面具一对蚕豆形的背窗 , 纹饰为细 

小的粒状瘤点 , 这些特征与属型种 — 长角 

大窗鱼 (Macrothyraspis longicornis ) 相 

似。但新种吻突特别长 , 约为头甲中长的 2 

倍 , 眶孔背位 , 两个背窗之间脑腔和迷走 

腔区域相对较宽 , 两个侧向延伸的角向后 

倾斜 , 末端不前翘等 , 与属型种区别明 

显 , 应为该属的一新种。 

2006020391 

中国古生代中期盔甲鱼类及其古地理意义 

= Galeaspid of the Middle Paleozoic in China 

and its palaeogeographic significance. ( 中文 ). 

赵文金 . 古地理学报 , 2005, 7(3): 305-320 

盔甲鱼类是古生代中期化石无颌类的主 

要类群 , 其分布主要限于我国境内以及越 

南北部。至目前为止 , 在我国已发现并鉴 

定的盔甲鱼类计有 48 属 68 种 , 其中志留 

纪 14 属 19 种 , 遍布川、陕、鄂、湘、 

皖、浙、赣、新等省 ( 区 ); 泥盆纪 35 属 

49 种 , 遍布宁、川、黔、桂、滇等省 

( 区 )。本文不仅对含盔甲鱼类的地层进 

行了详细的对比研究 , 而且根据盔甲鱼类 

在中古生代地层中出现的先后顺序 , 自下 

而上划分了 9 个盔甲鱼化石组合与 1 个盔 

甲鱼层 , 并认为这些化石组合和盔甲鱼层 

之间的演替与当时环境条件的变化及古地 

理、古构造的变迁密不可分。另外 , 通过 

对盔甲鱼类形态学及古生态学的研究 , 认 

为盔甲鱼类应是一类行底栖滤食性生活、 

运动能力不强的类群 , 其主要生活环境为 

靠近古陆边缘的海域。由于其迁移扩散能 

力有限 , 宽广的陆地以及宽阔的海洋均成 

为其迁移、扩散的障碍 , 因此盔甲鱼类具 

有重要的古生物地理意义。最后 , 根据盔 

甲鱼类在我国的地理分布特征 , 并结合大 

地构造学及古地磁学方面的资料 , 对中古 

生代我国三大主要板块之间的古地理关系 

进行了初步的探讨性研究 , 结果表明 : 古 

生代中期中国三大板块具有十分密切的古 

117

地理关系 , 它们彼此相接或相邻 , 并同属 

于一个鱼类动物地理区系即泛华夏盔甲鱼 

类区系。 

两栖类 

2006020392 

罗马尼亚 Hateg 盆地白垩纪最晚期新蛙类 

= New frogs from the latest Cretaceous of 

Hateg Basin, Romania.. ( 英文 ). Venczel M; 

Csiki Z. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2003, 

48(4): 609-616 

The latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) 

fluvio-lacustrine deposits of Hateg Basin 

(Romania) have yielded a number of aquatic 

and terrestrial microvertebrates, including 

dissociated skeletal remains of the following 

anuran taxa: Hatzegobatrachus grigorescui 

gen. et sp. nov., Paralatonia transylvanica 

gen. et sp. nov., and Anura indet. H. 

grigorescui sp. nov. (type species), retaining 

some leiopelmatid-grade anuran features, is 

diagnosed as a small-sized primitive frog with 

still unclear relationships. P. transylvanica sp. 

nov. (type species) is a middle-sized 

discoglossine frog. Based on the characters of 

jaw-bones and post-cranial skeletal elements, 

it appears as intermediate between primitive 

(Eodiscoglossus-like) and more derived 

(Latonia-like) discoglossine discoglossid. In 

Hatzegobatrachus and Paralatonia the 

morphology of the hipbones shows that they 

differ in saltatorial abilities. Consequently, 

these forms may have occupied distinct 

ecological niches, suggesting that the latest 

Cretaceous microvertebrate assemblages of 

Hateg Basin were connected to more complex 

ecosystems than considered before. 

2006020393 

渐新世 palaeobatrachid 蛙类的幼虫发育期 

= Larval development in Oligocene 

palaeobatrachid frogs.. ( 英文 ). Rocek Z. Acta 


607 

A detailed account of the development of 

skeletal and some soft-tissue structures is 

based on 171 fossil tadpoles and 

metamorphosing froglets of Palaeobatrachus 

sp. from the Late Oligocene of the Czech 

Republic (locality Bechlejovice). Their 

exceptionally good preservation resulted from 

fossilization in diatomites. The fossil 

developmental series was compared with 

normal development of the contemporary 

anuran Xenopus laevis (Pipidae) represented 

by cleared and stained (alizarin/toluidin-blue) 

whole-mount specimens. The comparison 

revealed that in spite of differences in the 

sequence of ossification and its timing (e.g., 

ossification of the otic capsules and ribs was 

retarded in Xenopus whereas dermal 

ossification was retarded in Palaeobatrachus), 

in the number of free ribs, and in composition 

of the sacral region (the synsacrum in 

Palaeobatrachus involves two posterior 

presacrals, whereas there is a single sacral in 

Xenopus), both genera were similar in great 

number of anatomical features that appear 

during development. The most important 

difference is the shape of vertebral centrum 

(procoelous in Palaeobatrachus, 

opisthocoelous in all Pipidae) which is formed 

in comparatively early developmental stages. 

A view that could result from anatomical 

comparisons is that Palaeobatrachus could be 

derived from the Pipidae, but this is doubtful 

due to biostratigraphic and palaeogeographic 

discrepancies. The earliest palaeobatrachids 

were recorded from the Late Cretaceous of 

Europe but pipids could not invade northern 

continents after the Early Cretaceous when the 

Tethys Sea prevented interchanges of anuran 

faunas. Also, all palaeobatrachids retain 

primitive anatomical features (e.g., five pairs 

of ribs) that were more derived even in the 

earliest pipids from the Lower Cretaceous of 

Israel. 

爬行类 

2006020394 

原始恐龙 Thecodontosaurus 的一新种及其 

对早期恐龙的系统分类意义 = A new 

species of the primitive dinosaur 

Thecodontosaurus 

(Saurischia: 

Sauropodomorpha) and its implications for the 

systematics of early dinosaurs. ( 英文 ). Yates 

A M. Journal of Systematic 


Juvenile sauropodomorph specimens from a 

Late Triassic/Early Jurassic fissure fill in 

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry, South Wales are 

redescribed and named as a new species, 

Thecodontosaurus caducus. T. caducus can be 

diagnosed by the presence of pleurocoel-like 

pits on the neurocentral sutures of the sixth, 

seventh and eighth cervical vertebrae. It is 

further distinguished from the type species of 

the genus, T. antiquus, by the primitive shape 

of its proximal humerus and ilium. Data from 

this specimen are incorporated into a cladistic 

analysis of basal sauropodomorph 

relationships. It is found that 

Thecodontosaurus is basal to all other 

118

sauropodomorphs, with the exception of 

Saturnalia from the late Carnian of Brazil. As 

such Thecodontosaurus is a key taxon, with a 

novel combination of characters that has 

important implications for early dinosaur 

phylogenetics. Thecodontosaurus provides 

evidence that ‘prosauropods’ are paraphyletic 

with respect to Sauropoda and that 

Herrerasauridae lies outside the clade 

containing Sauropodomorpha + Theropoda. 

2006020395 

Zalmoxes (n. g.) 的骨骼形态和系统学 , 一 

个来自罗马尼亚白垩纪最晚期的奇特的 

Euornithopod = Osteology and phylogeny of 

Zalmoxes (n. g.), an unusual Euornithopod 

dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of 

Romania. ( 英文 ). Weishampel D B; Jianu 

Coralia-Maria; Csiki Z; Norman D B. Journal 


123 

The dinosaurs of the Hateg Basin of 

Transylvania (late Maastrichtian; western 

Romania) include Theropoda, Sauropoda, 

Ornithopoda and Ankylosauria. Of these, one 

of the most enigmatic taxa is the ornithopod 

that Franz Baron Nopcsa originally described 

as Mochlodon suessi and M. robustus in 1902. 

These two species have come to be regarded 

as a single species of Rhabdodon, R. robustus, 

which is distinct from R. priscus from the Late 

Cretaceous of southern France and northern 

Spain. 

This study provides a detailed anatomical 

revision of the Rhabdodon material that was 

described originally by Nopcsa during the 

early decades of the 20th century. It also adds 

information on material discovered in the 

Hateg area of Romania since the 1930s. A 

phylogenetic analysis of basal euornithopods 

indicates that the non-hadrosaurid material 

from Hateg comprises two distinct, but 

congeneric, species. These two species can be 

distinguished unambiguously from R. priscus. 

A new genus Zalmoxes is established for the 

Romanian ornithopod, comprising Z. robustus 

comb. nov. (the type-species of the genus) and 

Z. shqiperorum sp. nov. 

Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the two 

species of Zalmoxes and R. priscus are united 

in the monophyletic clade Rhabdodontidae 

(nov.). Rhabdodontidae constitutes the sibling 

clade to Iguanodontia. R. septimanicus, M. 

suessi, and the Villeveyrac Rhabdodon also 

appear to be members of Rhabdodontidae. The 

evolutionary implications of this phylogenetic 

analysis include the recognition of a ghost 

lineage, extending from the most recent 

common ancestor of Rhabdodontidae and 

Iguanodontia, which extends for 73 million 

years. This extraordinarily long ghost lineage 

duration may reflect considerable gaps in the 

history of this group or the geographical 

isolation of Rhabdodontidae in Europe during 

much of the Cretaceous period. The area of 

origin of the Rhabdodontidae+Iguanodontia 

clade may be North America, while the 

common ancestor of Rhabdodontidae 

dispersed to Europe, at that time a marinedominated 

region with tectonically-active 

terrestrial habitats. Adult individuals of Z. 

robustus are smaller than either of its two 

closest relatives, Z. shqiperorum and R. 

priscus, within the Rhabdodontidae, or with 

many species of Iguanodontia and, therefore, 

is considered a possible paedomorphic dwarf. 

2006020396 

Titanosaurus lydekker (Dinosauria– 

Sauropoda) 的修订 : 一个最早的分布于冈 

瓦纳的恐龙的属 = A revision of 

Titanosaurus lydekker (Dinosauri–Sauropoda), 

the first dinosaur genus with a ‘Gondwanan’ 

distribution. ( 英文 ). Wilson J A; Upchurch P. 


1(3): 125-160 

Titanosaurs represent approximately onethird 

of sauropod diversity and were 

geographically widespread throughout the 

Cretaceous, especially on southern continents. 

Titanosaurs evolved numerous appendicular 

synapomorphies that account for their 

specialised ‘wide-gauge’ limb posture, which 

can be recognised in their trackways. The 

macronarian origin of titanosaurs is only 

recently agreed upon and aspects of their 

inter-relationships remain poorly understood. 

Titanosauria is named for the poorly known 

genus Titanosaurus, which was coined by 

Lydekker in 1877 on the basis of a partial 

femur and two incomplete caudal vertebrae. 

Fourteen species have since been referred to 

Titanosaurus, which distribute the genus 

across Argentina, Europe, Madagascar, India 

and Laos, and throughout 60 million years of 

the Cretaceous. Despite its centrality to 

titanosaur systematics and biogeography, the 

genus Titanosaurus has never been revised. 

A re-evaluation of all Titanosaurus species 

recognises as diagnostic only five. The type 

species T. indicus is invalid because it is based 

on ‘obsolescent’ characters – once diagnostic 

features that have gained a broader taxonomic 

distribution over time. Consequently, the 

119

genus Titanosaurus and its co-ordinated ranktaxa 

(e.g. Titanosaurinae, Titanosauridae, 

Titanosauroidea) must be abandoned. The 

unranked taxon Titanosauria, however, 

remains valid. A new phylogenetic taxonomy 

is proposed for Titanosauria that utilises nodes 

that have been judged stable by the most 

recent cladistic analyses. The early appearance 

of titanosaur ichnofossils (Middle Jurassic) 

and body fossils (Late Jurassic) precludes a 

vicariant origin for the group, but such a 

pattern cannot yet be ruled out for lower-level 

taxa within Titanosauria. 

2006020397 

中国早白垩纪义县组一巨型秀颌龙 = A 

large Compsognathid from the Early 

Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China. ( 英文 ). 

Hwang S H; Norell M A; Ji Qiang; Gao Keqin. 


2(1): 13-30 

A new, large compsognathid theropod, 

Huaxiagnathus orientalis gen. et sp. nov., 

from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation 

deposits of Liaoning Province, People's 

Republic of China is described. The holotype 

specimen is nearly complete, lacking only the 

distal portion of the tail. It is the second 

largest theropod taxon discovered from Jehol 

Group sediments. Like all compsognathids, 

Huaxiagnathus has short forelimbs and a 

relatively unspecialised coelurosaur body plan. 

Previously, fairly complete skeletons existed 

for only two small-bodied taxa of 

compsognathids, Compsognathus longipes 

from the Late Jurassic of Western Europe and 

Sinosauropteryx prima, also from the Yixian. 

The phylogenetic position of Huaxiagnathus 

orientalis was analysed using an extensive 

matrix of theropod characters from many taxa. 

Huaxiagnathus orientalis fell out at the base 

of the Compsognathidae, as it lacks the 

forelimb adaptations of more derived 

compsognathids. The addition of 

Huaxiagnathus and the two other 

compsognathid species to our data matrix 

resulted in the placement of Compsognathidae 

near the base of Maniraptora. Furthermore, 

Alvarezsauridae, Paraves, and a monophyletic 

Therizinosauroidea + Oviraptorosauria clade 

fall out in an unresolved trichotomy in the 

strict consensus of our most parsimonious 

trees. 

2006020398 

Drepanosauridae 的系统发育关系 ( 爬行 

纲 : 双弓亚纲 ) = Phylogeny of 

Drepanosauridae (Reptilia: Diapsida). ( 英文 ). 

Senter P. Journal of Systematic 


Phylogenetic analysis reveals that the 

Triassic diapsid family Drepanosauridae is 

closely related to Coelurosauravus and 

Longisquama. These three taxa are part of a 

clade for which the name Avicephala (defined 

as all taxa more closely related to 

Coelurosauravus and Megalancosaurus than 

to Neodiapsida) is coined. Avicephala is a 

sister taxon to Neodiapsida. The name 

Simiosauria is erected for the clade composed 

of all taxa more closely related to 

Drepanosauridae than to Coelurosauravus or 

Sauria. Simiosauria is composed of MCSNB 

4751 + (Hypuronector + Drepanosauridae). 

Drepanosauridae is composed of 

Drepanosaurus + (Dolabrosaurus + 

Megalancosaurus). Arboreality is probably 

plesiomorphic for Avicephala and no 

convincing evidence exists that any 

simiosaurian was aquatic. 

2006020399 

归入 Macelognathus 的晚侏罗世恐龙的系 

统分类位置 = The systematic position of the 

Late Jurassic alleged dinosaur Macelognathus 

(Crocodylomorpha: Sphenosuchia). ( 英文 ). 

Göhlich U B, Chiappe L M; Clark J M; Sues 

H-D. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2005, 42(3): 307-321 

Macelognathus vagans was described by 

O.C. Marsh in 1884, based on a mandibular 

symphysis from the Upper Jurassic Morrison 

Formation of Wyoming. Often considered a 

dinosaur but later tentatively referred to the 

Crocodylia, its phylogenetic identity has until 

now been enigmatic. New material of this 

species from the Morrison Formation of 

western Colorado demonstrates its affinities 

with basal crocodylomorphs commonly 

grouped together as the Sphenosuchia, which 

are characterized by a gracile postcranial 

skeleton with erect limb posture. 

Macelognathus shares features with 

Kayentasuchus from the Lower Jurassic 

Kayenta Formation of Arizona and Hallopus, 

which may be from the Morrison Formation of 

eastern Colorado. The new material 

constitutes the youngest definitive occurrence 

of a sphenosuchian, previously known from 

the Late Triassic to the Middle or Late? 

Jurassic 

2006020400 

120

北非下始新统 Dyrosaurus phosphaticus 头 

骨的新描述 = A new description of the skull 

of Dyrosaurus phosphaticus (Thomas, 1893) 

(Mesoeucrocodylia: Dyrosauridae) from the 

Lower Eocene of North Africa. ( 英文 ). Jouve 

S. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2005, 

42(3): 323-337 

Dyrosaurus phosphaticus (Thomas 1893) 

has been described several times, but the poor 

preservation and the incomplete preparation of 

the material left this species inadequately 

described. Further preparation of a specimen 

referred to this species now allows a complete 

description of the braincase and its various 

cranial nerves. Dyrosaurid taxonomy is 

mainly based on mandibular characters and 

the complete description of the skull of D. 

phosphaticus, and comparison with the other 

known species of the family enables 

enhancement of other taxonomic characters. 

An emended diagnosis is given for D. 

phosphaticus, the only known species of this 

genus. With this new description, new 

characteristics that enable comparisons with 

other crocodyliforms are available. The 

presence of a distinct anterolateral postorbital 

process is observed in dyrosaurs, Elosuchus, 

Terminonaris robusta, some Goniopholis, and, 

although smaller, in Sarcosuchus imperator. 

In the dyrosaurids D. phosphaticus and 

Rhabdognathus, the postorbital participates 

largely in the dorsal margin of the 

infratemporal fenestra, as in Elosuchus, S. 

imperator, and Thalattosuchia. The 

laterodorsal position of the lateral eustachian 

foramen in dyrosaurids is similar to those of 

Elosuchus and thalattosuchians. These 

characters are not shared by Stolokrosuchus 

lapparenti (included in the family Elosuchidae 

with Elosuchus), suggesting that without clear 

phylogenetic analysis, the creation of the 

Elosuchidae was premature. A preliminary 

phylogenetic analysis based on comparisons 

of D. phosphaticus with other dyrosaurids 

shows that Phosphatosaurus gavialoides and 

Sokotosuchus ianwilsoni are the most 

primitive dyrosaurids, and Rhabdognathus is 

more closely related to Hyposaurus than to D. 

phosphaticus. 

2006020401 

美国亚利桑那上三叠统 Chinle 组一独特的 

四足类牙齿 = Unusual tetrapod teeth from 

the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Arizona, 

USA. ( 英文 ). Irmis R B; Parker W G. 


42(7): 1339-1345 

Two teeth collected from the Upper 

Triasssic Chinle Formation of northeastern 

Arizona are described here and named 

Kraterokheirodon colberti gen. et sp. nov. 

These teeth are novel in having an occlusal 

ridge with six cusps and a posterior shelf 

lacking dentine. Evidence for thecodont 

implantation of the root suggests amniote 

affinities for these teeth. They do not match 

any teeth known for basal vertebrates or basal 

tetrapods. Although the teeth display some 

affinities with "traversodont" cynodonts, there 

are significant differences that preclude a 

referral to this group. These teeth most 

probably represent an unknown tetrapod clade 

and document the presence of a large amniote 

previously unknown from Late Triassic 

terrestrial faunas. 

2006020402 

Monte San Giorgio 地区中三叠统 

Askeptosaurus italicus 解剖及其与 

thalattosaurs 的亲缘关系 = The anatomy of 

Askeptosaurus italicus from the Middle 

Triassic of Monte San Giorgio and the 

interrelationships of thalattosaurs (Reptilia, 

Diapsida). ( 英文 ). Müller J. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2005, 42(7): 1347-1367 

The anatomy of the thalattosauriform reptile 

Askeptosaurus italicus from the Middle 

Triassic of Monte San Giorgio is redescribed. 

Important anatomical features are the 

plesiomorphic braincase, the unique frontolacrimal 

contact, the absence of a previously 

described thyroid fenestra, and significant 

intraspecific variation in the carpus. An 

analysis of thalattosaur ingroup relationships 

reveals that Endennasaurus and the 

monophyletic Askeptosaurus and 

Anshunsaurus are the sister group to all other 

thalattosaurs, whereas the Monte San Giorgio 

taxa Clarazia and Hescheleria form the sister 

clade of Thalattosaurus, and the Chinese 

Xinpusaurus and the Californian Nectosaurus 

form a monophyletic group. The analysis 

supports the biogeographic interpretation of 

trans-Pacific relationships and a re-invasion of 

Tethyan areas. 

2006020403 

加拿大艾伯塔阿德曼组一个新角龙以及 

centrosaurine 的分类和系统发育意义 = A 

new centrosaurine ceratopsid from the 

Oldman Formation of Alberta and its 

implications for centrosaurine taxonomy and 

systematics. ( 英文 ). Ryan M J, Russell A P. 

121


42(7): 1369-1387 

Centrosaurus brinkmani (sp. nov) is 

distinguished from Centrosaurus apertus by 

key features of its cranial ornamentation, 

including the shape and orientation of the 

postorbital horn and parietal ornamentation at 

parietal locus 3, the shape of the parietal 

ornamentation at locus 2, and the possession 

of accessory parietal ossifications developed 

as short spines on the caudal parietal ramus. 

This species is restricted to the Oldman 

Formation of southern Alberta and is the 

oldest ceratopsid represented by diagnostic 

material in Canada. Phylogenetic analysis of 

the Centrosaurinae suggests that the 

development of spike-like ornamentation at 

the parietal locus 3 parietal locus is inversely 

related to the development of the P1 parietal 

ornamentation. 

2006020404 

北美洲晚古新世 Eosuchus minor (Marsh, 

1870) 新组合之骨骼学和系统发生的意义 = 

Osteology and phylogenetic significance of 

Eosuchus minor (Marsh, 1870) new 

combination, a longirostrine crocodylian from 

the Late Paleocene of North America. ( 英文 ). 

Brochu C A. Journal of Paleontology, 2006, 

80(1): 162–186 18 图版 . 

Eosuchus minor (Marsh, 1870) is based on 

skeletal fragments from the Late Paleocene or 

Early Eocene of New Jersey, but more 

complete material from the Late Paleocene of 

New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia permits a 

detailed description and systematic assessment. 

It is a slender-snouted form and can be 

distinguished from most other crocodylians on 

the basis of an enlarged quadrate foramen 

aereum; a distinct W-shaped rugosity along 

the ventral margin of the basioccipital tuber; a 

prominent crest on the lateral braincase wall 

encompassing portions of the quadrate, 

pterygoid, and basisphenoid, forming the 

lateral wall of the lateral eustachian canal at 

its ventralmost extent; and arrangement of 

dentary alveoli into couplets. Specimens of 

larger crocodylians from the same units may 

represent either the adult form of E. minor or a 

separate taxon. The enlarged quadrate 

foramen aereum, couplet arrangement of 

dentary alveoli, and basioccipital tuber shape 

are shared with Eosuchus lerichei from the 

Late Paleocene of Europe. Eosuchus lies 

within Gavialoidea crownward of the basal 

forms Thoracosaurus and Eothoracosaurus. 

The braincase of Eosuchus is intermediate 

between that of Thoracosaurus and that of 

Gavialis; the basisphenoid retains a short (but 

externally visible) descending lamina, but the 

basisphenoid is also anteroposteriorly 

expanded at the level of the median eustachian 

foramen. 

2006020405 

意大利北部上三叠统 Megalancosaurus 

preonensis 模式标本的颅骨和下颌 = The 

skull and lower jaw of the holotype of 

Megalancosaurus preonensis (Diapsida, 

Drepanosauridae) from the Upper Triassic of 

Northern Italy. ( 英文 ). Renesto S; Vecchia F 

M D. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e 

stratigrafia, 2005, 111(2): 247-257 

The skull of the holotype of the Late 

Triassic diapsid reptile Magalancosaurus 

preonensis is described for the first time. Its 

study revealed affinities with 

archosauromorph reptiles along with striking 

similarities with basal pterosaurs. apart for the 

absence of an antorbital fenestra. 

2006020406 

南非艾略特组 ( 上三叠统 ) 下部兽孔类 

Tritheledontid 的新属新种 Elliotherium 

kersteni = Elliotherium kersteni, a new 

Tritheledontid from the Lower Elliot 

Formation (Upper Triassic) of South Africa. 

( 英文 ). Sidor C A; Hancox P J. Journal of 


We describe a new tritheledontid, 

Elliotherium kersteni n. gen. and sp., on the 

basis of a partial skull collected from the 

lower Elliot Formation (Upper Triassic; 

Euskelosaurus Range Zone) on the farm 

Beatrix, Free State Province, South Africa. 

Although similar to Pachygenelus, the genus 

differs from other South African 

tritheledontids in its higher maxillary 

postcanine tooth count, lack of labial cingula 

on the upper postcanine teeth, shorter 

secondary palate, retention of a median 

vomerine ridge behind the secondary palate, 

and smaller interpterygoid vacuity. With 

regard to these features, Elliotherium is most 

similar to the South American tritheledontid 

Chaliminia. Elliotherium is autapomorphic in 

its possession of a long parasphenoid rostrum, 

ventrally depressed secondary palate, medially 

convex margins of the interpterygoid vacuity, 

and a thin lamina of palatine covering the 

interpterygoid vacuity. Although Elliotherium 

is the stratigraphically lowest positioned 

tritheledontid from southern Africa, it is still 

122

probably later occurring than the South 

American taxa Chaliminia or Riograndia. 

Based on a revision of a previous analysis of 

advanced cynodont relationships, we propose 

a sister-group relationship between 

Elliotherium and Chaliminia, although support 

for this pairing is weak. 

2006020407 

蒙古晚白垩世一原始似鸟龙 Garudimimus 

brevipes 的再研究 = Reexamination of a 

primitive ornithomimosaur, Garudimimus 

brevipes Barsbold, 1981 (Dinosauria: 

Theropoda), from the Late Cretaceous of 

Mongolia. ( 英文 ). Kobayashi Y, Barsbold R. 


42(9): 1501-1521 

The holotype of Garudimimus brevipes, 

discovered from the Upper Cretaceous 

sediments of Mongolia and named by 

Barsbold in 1981, is redescribed in detail in 

this paper. Reexamination of the holotype 

reveals a great deal of anatomical information, 

which allows us to revise the original 

diagnosis of this taxon and make comparisons 

with other ornithomimosaur taxa to 

understand the evolution of ornithomimosaurs. 

This paper suggests that characters used to 

differentiate this taxon in the original paper 

(short ilia, short metatarsals, exposure of the 

proximal end of metatarsal III, presence of 

pedal digit I, and absence of pleurocoels) are 

not apomorphies but represent the primitive 

conditions in ornithomimosaurs and are 

symplesiomorphies. Revised diagnoses are 

assigned for G. brevipes (posteriorly 

positioned jaw articulation, fossae at base of 

dorsal process of supraoccipital, paired 

depressions on neural spines of proximal 

caudal vertebra, and deep groove on lateral 

surface of pedal phalanges III-1 and III-2). 

Metatarsals of Garudimimus display a nonarctometatarsalian 

condition as in an Early 

Cretaceous form, Harpymimus, but the 

constriction of metatarsal III in Garudimimus 

is intermediate between Harpymimus and the 

arctometatarsalian condition in Gallimimus 

and other derived ornithomimosaurs 

(ornithomimids). Garudimimus is the only 

non-ornithomimid ornithomimosaur with 

edentulous jaws, which were probably 

covered by rhamphothecae. The loss of teeth 

with evolution of rhamphothecae and 

development of a cutting edge in the dentary 

of Garudimimus suggest the acquisition of 

feeding habits that included plucking food at 

the anterior portion of the jaw and cutting at 

the middle portion, similar to ornithomimids. 

2006020408 

爬行类 Thalattosauria 的吻骨构造 = 

Rostral structure in Thalattosauria (Reptilia, 

Diapsida). ( 英文 ). Rieppel O; Müller J; Liu 

Jun. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2005, 42(12): 2081-2086 

The rostral structure of thalattosaurs is 

reviewed on the basis of a re-investigation of 

the holotype of Nectosaurus halius and 

Thalattosaurus alexandrae. The askeptosaurid 

genera Askeptosaurus and Anshunsaurus share 

an elongated, parallel-sided rostrum that 

terminates in a blunt tip. A diastema 

separating the premaxillary from the maxillary 

teeth is absent. The claraziid genera Clarazia 

and Thalattosaurus share a relatively shorter 

rostrum that has convergent lateral margins 

and that terminates in a pointed tip. A 

diastema separating the premaxillary from the 

maxillary teeth is present. The well-preserved 

holotype of Nectosaurus halius shows a 

highly derived rostral structure. The maxilla is 

short with an anteriorly truncated (vertical) 

margin, a narrow but high ascending process, 

and a dorsally curving medial flange that is in 

natural articulation with the ventrally 

deflected vomer. These findings corroborate 

Peyer's original reconstruction of Hescheleria 

with a nearly vertically placed premaxilla 

2006020409 

南非下三叠统非哺乳类犬齿兽类 

Thrinaxodon Liorhinus 的生长模式 = 

Growth Patterns of Thrinaxodon Liorhinus, a 

Non-Mammalian Cynodont from the Lower 

Triassic of South Africa. ( 英文 ). Botha 

J;Chinsamy A. Palaeontology, 2005, 48(2): 

385-394 

The growth dynamics of the Early Triassic 

non-mammalian cynodont Thrinaxodon 

liorhinus were assessed through bone 

histology. Several limb bones of various sizes 

were examined, revealing a rapidly deposited, 

uninterrupted, fibro-lamellar bone tissue. A 

region of slowly deposited parallel-fibred 

bone occurs peripherally in most skeletal 

elements studied, becoming more extensively 

developed in the larger limb bones. On the 

basis of the bone histology, it is proposed that 

Thrinaxodon liorhinus grew rapidly during 

early ontogeny, and at a slower rate with 

increasing age, possibly once sexual maturity 

was reached. Variation in bone tissue patterns 

at different stages of ontogeny is noted and 

123

discussed. Given that growth rings are 

generally absent from the skeletal elements 

studied, and that the environment was 

seasonal, it appears that Thrinaxodon 

liorhinus growth was unaffected by 

environmental fluctuations. 

2006020410 

阿根廷巴塔戈尼亚北部坎佩尼晚期的喙头 

蜥化石 = A Late Campanian sphenodontid 

(Reptilia, Diapsida) from northern Patagonia. 

( 英文 ). Apesteguía S. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(8): 663-669 

The fossil record of sphenodontids in the 

Southern Hemisphere is much longer than in 

Laurasia, where they became extinct after 

Early Cretaceous times. Recent works 

demonstrated the persistence of at least 

eilenodontine sphenodontids until the ‘mid’- 

Cretaceous of Patagonia. Focused examination 

of the Los Alamitos Formation collections 

provided remains of Late Campanian 

sphenodontids. Although the phylogenetic 

position of these remains is still uncertain, 

they belong to a new, unrecorded species of 

sphenodontid perhaps related to 

opisthodontians or primitive, toothed 

sapheosaurs 

2006020411 

内蒙古早白垩世一新的原始鸭嘴龙 = A new 

primitive hadrosauroid dinosaur from the 

Early Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia (P.R. 

China). ( 英文 ). Godefroit P; Li Hong; Shang 

Changyong. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(8): 687-695 

The right dentary of a new hadrosauroid 

dinosaur, Penelopognathus weishampeli, has 

been discovered in the Bayan Gobi Formation 

(Albian, Lower Cretaceous) of Inner 

Mongolia (P.R. China). This new taxon is 

characterised by its elongated, straight dental 

ramus, whose lateral side is pierced by about 

20 irregularly distributed foramina. Its dentary 

teeth appear more primitive than those of 

Probactrosaurus, but more advanced than 

those of Altirhinus, both also from the Lower 

Cretaceous of the Gobi area. Non-hadrosaurid 

Hadrosauroidea were already well diversified 

in eastern Asia by Early Cretaceous time, 

suggesting an Asian origin for the 

hadrosauroid clade 

2006020412 

‘Giant of Ksour’-- 阿尔及利亚中侏罗世蜥 

脚类恐龙 = The ‘Giant of Ksour’, a Middle 

Jurassic sauropod dinosaur from Algeria. ( 英 

文 ). Mahammed F, Läng E; Mami L, Mekahli 

L, Benhamou M, Bouterfa B. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(8): 707-714 

Continental strata of Early and Middle 

Jurassic age are seldom-exposed, and little is 

known of the history of sauropod dinosaurs 

prior to the neosauropod radiation of the end 

of the Middle Jurassic. Here, we report, in the 

Middle Jurassic of the Occidental Saharan 

Atlas (Algerian High Atlas), the discovery of a 

skeleton, including cranial material, of a new 

cetiosaurid sauropod. Chebsaurus algeriensis 

n. g., n. sp. represents the most complete 

Algerian sauropod available to date, only few 

remains were found before 

2006020413 

欧洲渐新世最晚期 - 中新世早期 : 蟒蛇的黑 

色时期 = Latest Oligocene–Early Miocene in 

Europe: Dark Period for booid snakes. ( 英文 ). 

Rage J-C Szyndlar Z. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(5): 428-435 

The diversity of booid snakes strongly 

decreased during the Latest Oligocene (zones 

MP 29–30) and Early Miocene (zones MN 1– 

2, and perhaps MN 3) in Europe. Moreover, 

the few remaining taxa were all small and 

displayed fossorial trends. This crisis is 

referred to as the Dark Period of booid snakes. 

The outset of this event probably resulted 

from cooling and aridization that were 

prevailing during the Late Oligocene. The 

period ended when a warm and humid climate 

was restored; aside from direct effect, the 

latter change caused the arrival of immigrants 

that probably contributed to the elimination of 

the booids of the Dark Period 

2006020414 

阿根廷巴塔戈尼亚晚白垩世早期一个蜥蜴 

化石 = An early Late Cretaceous lizard from 

Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Apesteguía S; 

Agnolin F L; Lio G L. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(4): 311-315 

Here we report an incomplete lizard frontal 

from the early Late Cretaceous of Patagonia, 

Argentina. The frontal is hourglass in shape, 

indicating iguanian affinities. Additionally, the 

tubercled ornamentation of the bone surface 

points to a phylogenetic position within 

Iguanidae. The specimen here described 

constitutes the oldest undoubted lizard record 

from Argentina and contributes to support the 

presence of iguanids in South America since 

'Mid'-Cretaceous times at least 

124

2006020415 

晚三叠世恩吐龙类 Desmatosuchus 属一新 

种 = A new species of the Late Triassic 

aetosaur Desmatosuchus (Archosauria: 

Pseudosuchia). ( 英文 ). Parker W G. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2005, 4(4): 327-340 

Reanalysis of known armor of the 

stagonolepidid (aetosaur) Desmatosuchus has 

shown distinct differences in the lateral armor 

among individuals known from Carnian and 

Norian age rocks in the southwestern United 

States. Combined with previously reported 

cranial differences it is apparent that Norian 

specimens of Desmatosuchus represent a 

species distinct from the type species 

Desmatosuchus haplocerus and are described 

herein as Desmatosuchus smalli n. sp. 

D. smalli is known solely from Norian age 

rocks, whereas D. haplocerus is known only 

from Carnian age rocks. The separation of 

Desmatosuchus into distinct Carnian and 

Norian species suggests some biostratigraphic 

utility for these taxa 

2006020416 

Pederpes finneyae, 一个来自苏格兰西部杜 

内阶的具关节的四足动物 = Pederpes 

finneyae, an articulated tetrapod from the 

Tournaisian of western Scotland. ( 英文 ). 

Clack J A; Finney S M. Journal of Systematic 


The Tournaisian tetrapod Pederpes finneyae 

is described in detail, from the holotype and 

only specimen. The specimen derives from the 

Ballagan Formation, Tournaisian CM 

palynozone and is the earliest post-Devonian 

tetrapod known from articulated remains. It is 

preserved almost complete except for the tail, 

some skull regions and a few limb extremities. 

The animal resembles Whatcheeria deltae 

from the Viséan of Iowa, especially in the 

skull morphology, although the two differ in 

characters such as the lateral line expression, 

dermal ornament expression, proportions of 

the sub-orbital portion of the jugal and several 

other dermal skull characters. The postcranial 

skeleton of Pederpes shows several unique 

features, including the structure of the leading 

edges of the cleithrum and clavicle, the form 

of the rib flanges and a possible 

supernumerary digit on the manus. The 

humerus is also unusual in possessing a spikelike 

latissimus dorsi process, most like that of 

Baphetes. An investigation of the 

phylogenetic position of the whatcheeriids is 

carried out by comparing the results from two 

recently published databases. The clade lies 

very close to the base of the tetrapod stem 

group, although according to the dataset 

employed, the whatcheeriids compete with 

Crassigyrinus for the next most basal node 

after the Devonian forms. Possible 

whatcheeriids also occur in the Viséan of 

Australia and the Tournaisian of Ireland and 

less certainly elsewhere, making the 

whatcheeriids a long-lasting clade, widely 

distributed in time and space. 

2006020417 

蒙古蜥脚类 Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis 

的重新描述及其晚白垩蜥脚类多样性的讨 

论 = Redescription of the Mongolian sauropod 

Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis Nowinski 

(Dinosauria: Saurischia) and comments on 

Late Cretaceous sauropod diversity. ( 英文 ). 

Wilson J A. Journal of Systematic 


The isolated skulls of Nemegtosaurus 

mongoliensis and Quaesitosaurus orientalis 

from the Nemegt Basin of Mongolia are 

among the most complete sauropod cranial 

remains known from the Late Cretaceous, yet 

their evolutionary relationships to other 

neosauropods have remained uncertain. 

Redescription of the skull of Nemegtosaurus 

identifies key features that link it and its 

closely related counterpart Quaesitosaurus to 

titanosaur sauropods. These include a 

posterolaterally orientated quadrate fossa, 

‘rocker’-like palatobasal contact, pterygoid 

with reduced quadrate flange and a novel 

basisphenoid–quadrate contact. Other features 

are exclusive to Nemegtosaurus and 

Quaesitosaurus, such as the presence of a 

symphyseal eminence on the external aspect 

of the premaxillae, a highly vascularised tooth 

bearing portion of the maxilla, an enclosed 

‘maxillary canal’, orbital ornamentation on the 

postorbital, prefrontal and frontal, exclusion of 

the squamosal from the supratemporal fenestra 

and dentary teeth smaller in diameter than 

premaxillary and maxillary teeth. 

Re-examination of Late Cretaceous sauropod 

distributions in the light of this well-supported 

phylogenetic hypothesis has important 

implications for their diversity at the end of 

the Mesozoic in Asia and elsewhere. 

Cretaceous Asian sauropod faunas consist 

solely of titanosauriforms, which probably 

migrated there from other landmasses during 

the Late Jurassic, during which time 

neosauropods were absent from Asia. 

Globally, narrow-crowned titanosaurs and 

125

ebbachisaurids radiated during the 

Cretaceous, but only titanosaurs survived into 

the latest Cretaceous. These late-surviving 

sauropods flourished on most continental 

landmasses until the end of the Maastrichtian. 

2006020418 

中国早白垩世蜥蜴类矢部龙属 : 一个正待 

揭晓的谜 = The Early Cretaceous lizard 

genus Yabeinosaurus from China: resolving 

an enigma. ( 英文 ). Evans S E; Wang Yuan; Li 

Chun. Journal of Systematic 


The lizard genus Yabeinosaurus was 

originally described more than 60 years ago 

from deposits of the Early Cretaceous Jehol 

Group of northeastern China. Its morphology 

and phylogenetic position have remained 

enigmatic for several reasons, not least the 

inaccessibility of the type and figured material, 

now lost, and the immaturity of all previously 

documented specimens. Recent work on the 

Jehol Biota has yielded a series of wellpreserved 

Yabeinosaurus skeletons, ranging 

from juvenile to adult. Contrary to previous 

interpretations, Yabeinosaurus was not a small, 

weakly ossified lizard with gekkotan affinities. 

The adult reached a size in excess of 300 mm 

snout–pelvis length and had a large, heavily 

ossified and strongly sculptured skull. 

Phylogenetic analysis highlights some of the 

difficulties involved in determining the 

systematic positions of early squamate taxa. 

Nevertheless, the overall results suggest a 

position close to the iguanian–scleroglossan 

dichotomy (just above or just below). As such, 

Yabeinosaurus may represent a relict taxon in 

the Jehol Biota, a survivor of the Pan- 

Laurasian lizard fauna of the Jurassic. 

2006020419 

日本中部中更新世 Toyotamaphimeia 

machikanensis (Diapsida, Crocodylia) 古病 

理学 = Paleopathology of Toyotamaphimeia 

machikanensis (Diapsida, Crocodylia) from 

the Middle Pleistocene of Central Japan. ( 英 

文 ). Katsura Y. Historical Biology, 2004, 

16(2-4): 93-97 

The type specimen of Toyotamaphimeia 

machikanensis (Diapsida, Crocodylia) from 

the Osaka Group (Plio-Pleistocene) of Osaka 

Prefecture, Central Japan, shows multiple 

abnormalities. The anterior third of the 

mandible was amputated and shows signs of 

healing. The right tibia and fibula were 

fractured, and each of them was later fused in 

dislocated position with callus formation. 

Additionally, there are two puncture marks on 

a dermal scute. Based on the morphologies of 

these pathologies, the fauna of the community 

in which this animal lived, and the behavior of 

extant crocodilians, it is suggested that this 

individual survived its injuries sustained 

during multiple intraspecific fights for 

territoriality or mating. 

2006020420 

非鸟兽足类恐龙面区的早期发育 = Early 

development of the facial region in a nonavian 

theropod dinosaur. ( 英文 ). Rauhut O W 

M; Fechner R. Proceedings of the Royal 


272(1568): 1179 - 1183 

An isolated maxilla of the theropod 

dinosaur Allosaurus from the Late Jurassic 

(the Kimmeridgian, 153 million years ago) of 

Portugal is the first cranial remain of a noncoelurosaurian 

theropod hatchling reported so 

far, and sheds new light on the early cranial 

development of non-avian theropods. 

Allosaurus hatchlings seem to have been oneseventh 

or less of the adult length and are thus 

comparable in relative size to hatchlings of 

large extant crocodile species, but are unlike 

the relatively larger hatchlings in coelurosaurs. 

The snout experienced considerable positive 

allometry and an increase in tooth count 

during early development. The element is 

especially noteworthy for the abundant and 

well-developed features associated with the 

paranasal pneumatic system. Pneumatic 

structures present include all those found in 

adult allosaurids and most are even more 

developed than in adult skulls. Together with 

evidence on the ontogeny of the tympanic 

pneumatic system in allosaurids, these 

findings demonstrate that cranial pneumaticity 

developed early in theropod ontogeny. The 

strong development of pneumatic features in 

early ontogenetic stages of non-avian 

theropods supports the hypothesis that 

pneumatization of cranial bones was 

opportunistic and indicates that heterochrony 

played an important role in the evolution of 

craniofacial pneumaticity in this group. 

2006020421 

阿根廷门多萨晚白垩世 Mendozasaurus 

neguyelap 的化石发现 = New fossil remains 

of Mendozasaurus neguyelap (Sauropoda, 

Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of 

126

Mendoza, Argentina.. ( 其他 ). Riga B J G. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 535-548 

In South America, most titanosaur species 

are represented by incomplete skeletal 

elements lacking well-preserved cervical 

vertebrae. In this context, the discovery of 

cervical remains assigned to Metidozasaurus 

neguyelap Gonzalez Riga is relevant from a 

systematic viewpoint. The fossils were found 

in the paleontological site and assemblage of 

the holotype, Rio Neuquen Subgroup, late 

Turonian - late Coniacian from Mendoza 

Province, Argentina. The cervical vertebrae of 

Mendozasaurus exhibit differences with those 

of most titanosaurs; however, they share with 

Isisaurus colberti (Jain and Bandyopadhyay) 

from Maastrichthian of India the presence of: 

a) short vertebral centra (ratio: total 

length/height of cotyle less than 2.5), b) large 

and deep supradiapophyseal fossa, and c) 

relatively tall neural spines (ratio: vertebral 

height / centrum length more than 1.5). The 

fossils recovered show an autapomorphic 

character that enlarges the diagnosis of 

Mendozasaurus: tall, laminar and transversally 

expanded mid-posterior cervical neural spines 

that are wider than vertebral centra and 'fanlike' 

or 'subrhomboid' in shape due to lateral 

expansions and a subrounded dorsal border. 

The fossil record of titanosaurs shows a 

notable morphologic diversity in the cervical 

series. In particular, Mendozasaurus 

neguyelap and Isisaurus colberti possess tall 

neural spines associated with the 

proportionally shortest cervical centra of any 

titanosaur. This unusual morphology suggests 

the development of relatively wide, robust and 

short necks in Late Cretaceous sauropods 

from Argentina and India. 

2006020422 

欧洲古新世食鱼鳄 Eosuchus lerichei 的解 

剖和系统发育 = Anatomy and phylogeny of 

the gavialoid crocodylian Eosuchus lerichei 

from the Paleocene of Europe. ( 英文 ). Delfino 

M; Piras P; Smith T. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(3): 565-580 

The results of the cladistic analysis show 

that the european species possess characters 

that can be considered as slightly derived if 

compared to those of its American relative, 

suggesting an eastward dispersion from North 

America before the Paleocene-Eocene 

boudary and before the full opening of the 

Atlantic ocean or local evolution form a basal 

gavialoid stock similar to E. minor. Both 

species of Eosuchus come from marine 

outcrops and represent a further evidence for 

the salt-water tolerance of the earliest stages 

of Gavialoidea evolutionary history. Despite 

the present endemicity of the only living 

gharial, Gavialis gangeticus, the historical 

biogeography of gavialoids shows a lost 

global distribution and reveals several 

transoceanic dispersals. 

2006020423 

摩洛哥古新世一新的 dyrosaurid 及 

Dyrosauridae 的系统发育分析 = A new 

dyrosaurid crocodyliform from the Palaeocene 

of Morocco and a phylogenetic analysis of 

Dyrosauridae. ( 英文 ). Jouve S; Iarochene M; 

Bouya B; Amaghzaz M. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(3): 581-594 

A new genus and species belonging to 

Dyrosauridae, 

Arambourgisuchus 

khouribgaensis, from the Thanetian o 

Morocco, is erected. Two more or less 

complete skulls and three amndibular 

fragments enable a reconstruction of the 

natomical characteristics of this species. A 

phylogenetic analysis of the dyrosaurids 

provides an outline of the relationships 

between the best known species. 

2006020424 

智利鳄目的首例后 - 中生代记录 = First post- 

Mesozoic record of Crocodyliformes from 

Chile. ( 英文 ). Walsh S A; Suarez M. Acta 


600 

We provide the first post-Mesozoic report 

of crocodilian remains from late Miocene 

marine depostits of the Bahia Inglesa 

Formation, northern Chile. The fragmentary 

material provides proof that Crocodiliformes 

were present in Chile until at least seven 

million years ago. We suggest that late 

Neogene climatic cooling and changes in 

South ameican palaeophysiography caused the 

extinction of the group in Chile. 

2006020425 

关于鸟臀类中脑 - 内颅腔关系的新证据 = 

New evidence on brain-endocranial cavity 

relationships in ornithischian dinosaurs. ( 英 

文 ). Evans D C. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2005, 50(3): 617-622 

Recently reported vascular imprints on the 

endocranial surfaces of the braincase suggest 

that nonavian maniraptoriform theropods had 

brains that tightly fit the endocranium. Similar 

impressions of the intracranial vascular system 

are reported here in two ornithischian clades, 

127

Hadrosauridae and Pachycephalosauridae. 

These structures are more widespread in 

dinosaurs than previously thought, and 

suggest that the brain closely fit the 

endocranium in some regions of the forebrain 

through hindbrain in several distantly related 

donosaur group. 

2006020426 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚上白垩统 Notosuchus 

terrestris 的颅后骨骼化石 = Postcranial 

remains of Notosuchus terrestris Woodward 

(Archosauria : Crocodyliformes) from the 

upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英 

文 ). Pol D. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 21-38 

Postcranial remains of Notosuchits terrestris 

are described here in detail for the first time. 

Comparison of these remains with other 

crocodyliform taxa revealed that Notosuchus 

bears numerous postcranial characters 

previously unknown for this group (e.g., axial 

prezygapophyses arising from the anterior half 

of the neural arch pedicels, disconnected from 

the neural spine; well developed 

suprapostzygapophyseal laminae on 

cervicodorsal vertebrae; poorly expanded end 

of ventromedial process of the coracoid; 

presence of a posterior process on proximal 

end of radiale; presence of three sacral 

vertebrae, being the second and third vertebrae 

completely fused to each other; dorsal surface 

of ilium flat, rugose, and lateromedially wide, 

lacking an iliac blade and forming a markedly 

extensive acetabular roof). The postcranial 

morphology of Notosuchits also sheds light on 

some paleobiological aspects of this 

Cretaceous crocodyliform. These include the 

presence of an erect hindlimb posture for this 

basal mesoeucrocodylian, suggesting that the 

sprawling locomotion appeared late during the 

evolution of Crocodylomorpha. Furthermore, 

comparisons with other forms suggest that 

postcranial morphology of Crocodyliformes is 

not as conservative as previously thought, 

providing a source of phylogenetic 

information usually overlooked in previous 

approaches to crocodyliform systematics 

2006020427 

阿根廷中西部上三叠统 Neoaetosauroides 

的颅后骨骼 = The postcranial skeleton of 

Neoaetosauroides (Archosauria : Aetosauria) 

from the upper Triassic of west-central 

Argentina.. ( 其他 ). Desojo J B; Baez A M. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 115-126 

The postcranial skeleton of the aetosaur 

Neoaetosauroides Bonaparte, based on 

previously studied specimens and additional 

material, is described herein. The new 

material consists of proatlas, cervical 

vertebrae, and appendicular dermal scutes 

collected in the Los Colorados Formation, 

Ischigualasto-Villa Union Basin. All these 

materials are compared with those of other 

aetosaur taxa and functionally significant 

characters of the pelvic girdle and hindlimbs 

are in particular discussed. This study reveals 

a great anatomical diversity (e.g., differences 

in degree of pelvic expansion, femoral flexure, 

and crural and tarsal morphology) and 

suggests that Aetosauria might have included 

semi-erect and erect forms. This possible 

spectrum of locomotor postures, together with 

their wide size range, support previous 

propositions of more varied lifestyles among 

aetosaurs than traditionally recognized. 

2006020428 

瑞士中三叠世 Tanystropheus 一新标本及 

该属的生态学 = A new specimen of 

Tanystropheus (Reptilia Protorosauria) from 

the Middle Triassic of Switzerland and the 

ecology of the genus.. ( 英文 ). Renesto S. 


111(3): 377-394 

A new specimen of the protorosaurian 

diapsid reptile Tanystropheus is described. 

The specimen was collected at the Valle 

Serrata locality (Switzerland) and is of 

Ladinian (Middle Triassic) age. Its study 

elucidates some issues regarding the anatomy 

of Tanystropheus to be addressed, and allows 

to suggest hypotheses about its mode of life. 

In particular, the specimen is the first one in 

which the skin and other soft tissues can be 

described. In particular, wide patches of black 

phosphatic material, filled with small 

carbonate spherules are preserved, as it occurs 

in corpses lying in stagnant water due to 

decomposition of consistent amount of 

proteins. This suggests that a huge mass of 

flesh was present in the caudal part of the 

body, shifting posteriorly the center of mass of 

the animal and helping in balancing the weight 

of the neck even if raised off horizontal plane 

and out of water. In addition, no evidence of 

caudal autotomy is present in Tanystropheus 

and the structure of the tail and of the limbs 

are consistent with a shoreline habitat rather 

than with a fully aquatic mode of life. 

2006020429 

128

波兰早三叠世一原始的初龙类 = A basal 

archosauriform from the Early Triassic of 

Poland.. ( 英文 ). Borsuk-Bialynicka M; Evans 

S. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2003, 48(4): 

649-652 

Basal Archosauriformes had a wide 

geographic distribution through the Lower to 

Middle Triassic. Osmolskina czatkowiensis 

gen. et sp. nov. from Early Olenekian karst 

deposits at Czatkowice, west of Cracow, 

provides the first record from Poland. The 

reconstructed skull and attributed postcranial 

elements show a morphology closely 

resembling that of the Early Anisian African 

genus Euparkeria Broom, 1913, while 

differing at generic level. Both genera display 

the same mosaic of plesiomorphic and 

apomorphic character states, but share no 

unique apomorphic character state. They 

might thus be combined in the family 

Euparkeriidae Huene, 1920, but could also 

constitute two plesions of the same grade 

lying just below the Archosauria + 

Proterochampsidae node. Currently, 

Euparkeriidae remains monotypic because no 

other genus can be assigned to it with 

confidence. Until this problem is resolved, the 

term "euparkeriid" essentially denotes a grade 

of Lower to Middle Triassic non-archosaurian 

archosauriforms that are more derived than 

proterosuchid grade taxa, but lack the 

specializations of either erythrosuchids or 

proterochampsids. They were probably 

Pangaean in their distribution 

2006020430 

四川自贡晚侏罗世西蜀鳄一新种 = A new 

species of Hsisosuchus from the Late Jurassic 

of Zigong, Sichuan, China. ( 中文 ). 彭光照 ; 舒 

纯康 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2005, 43(4): 312-324 

记述了四川省白贡市汇东新区自贡市乳 

品厂发现的西蜀鳄一新种 —— 周氏西蜀鳄 

(Hsisosuchus chowi sp.nov.)。新种区 

别于西蜀鳄已知种的特征是 : 鼻骨后部沿 

缝合线有一浅的纵凹 , 额骨的眶缘向上凸 

起成嵴 , 沿额骨缝合线也隆起成一微弱的 

纵嵴 , 上颞窝的内侧缘向上凸起呈明显的 

嵴 , 顶骨具一前中突 , 侧视颧骨腹缘呈明 

显的波曲状 , 眶后骨前侧角约 90°, 鳞骨后 

侧突特别拉长 , 向侧下后方伸展 , 使鳞骨 

侧缘明显向内侧弓曲 , 左右外枕骨的枕髁 

部分不相接 , 翼骨的腹中嵴源于翼骨主体 

部分 , 内鼻孔位置比较靠前。此外 , 齿骨 

外面和夹板骨腹面具有发达的沟和嵴状雕 

饰 , 夹板骨参与下颌联合的部分比较长 , 

肩胛片异常扩展 , 乌喙骨远端宽于近端 , 

肱骨头增厚并强烈向内侧扩展 , 三角肌嵴 

发达 , 桡侧腕骨具发达的尺骨突 , 尺侧腕 

骨远端宽于近端 ,6 列荐前部腹部骨板和 3 

列尾部腹部骨板 , 也可能是周氏西蜀鳄的 

衍生特征 , 但这些性状在大山铺西蜀鳄中 

情况不明 , 有待更多的材料来证实。杨钟 

健、周明镇 (1953) 在建立西蜀鳄属之初 

就已注意到西蜀鳄是一种特化的鳄类 , 认 

为西蜀鳄不仅将原始特征和进步特征混存 

于一身 , 而且还具有一些一般鳄类所没有 

的独特性质。以此为基础 , 他们建立了西 

蜀鳄科。目前西蜀鳄类动物发现并不多 , 

仅有 1 属 2 种 , 即重庆西蜀鳄和大山铺西 

蜀鳄 , 而且材料不完整 , 特别是头后骨骼 

保存不理想。周氏西蜀鳄的发现不仅扩大 

了西蜀鳄类的分布范围 , 而且还增加了我 

们对这一特化鳄类的认识。 

2006020431 

中国的三叠纪海生爬行动物化石及其层位 

= Triassic marine reptile fossils and their 

stratigraphical distribution in China. ( 中文 ). 

邹光富 ; 毛琼 ; 朱同兴 ; 陈永明 ; 冯心涛 . 成都理 

工大学学报 , 2005, 32(5): 474-478 

对中国三叠纪海生爬行动物化石及其产 

出层位、产地进行了较为系统的分析研究 

和总结 , 划分出 4 个相关的海生爬行动物 

群 : 早三叠世南漳海生爬行动物群、中三 

叠世兴义海生爬行动物群、晚三叠世关岭 

海生爬行动物群、晚三叠世定日海生爬行 

动物群。进一步的研究表明 , 中国三叠纪 

海生爬行动物化石数量比较丰富 , 种类多 

样 ; 特别是贵州关岭地区三叠纪海生化石 

数量多、保存完整 , 基本上为原地埋藏 , 

实属国内外同期地层之罕见。中国三叠纪 

海生爬行动物化石地史分布从早三叠世奥 

伦尼克期到晚三叠世诺利期都有分布 ; 地 

理分布主要分布于古东特提斯海域 , 具有 

明显的区域性。 

鸟类 

2006020432 

绝灭的新西兰乌鸦的骨骼测量及其系统分 

类 ( 鸟纲 : 鸦科 : 鸦属 ) = Osteometry and 

systematics of the extinct New Zealand ravens 

(Aves: Corvidae: Corvus). ( 英文 ). Gill B J. 


1(1): 43-58 

Measurements of Holocene raven bones 

from New Zealand show that birds from the 

Chatham Islands were significantly larger, on 

129

average, than those from the South Island, 

which were in turn significantly larger than 

North Island birds. Size variation on the North 

and South Islands appears to have been clinal 

in accordance with Bergmann's Rule. Three 

taxa are recognised: the Chatham Islands 

raven Corvus moriorum Forbes, 1892, the 

North Island raven C. antipodum antipodum 

(Forbes, 1893) and the South Island raven C. a. 

pycrafti n. subsp. A lectotype is designated for 

C. moriorum and a neotype for C. antipodum. 

New Zealand ravens were the largest crows in 

the Australasian region, and the Chatham 

Islands raven was probably the world's fourthor 

fifth-largest passerine. Nothing in the shape 

or relative size of New Zealand raven bones 

suggests adaptation for anything other than the 

generalised crow niche, except that the 

tarsometatarsus is relatively long, perhaps as 

an adaptation to increased walking or running 

on the ground. New Zealand ravens were 

strong fliers with no reduction in flying ability 

compared to weak-flying New Zealand birds 

such as Callaeas. New Zealand ravens had a 

more ossified palate than C. brachyrhychos 

and C. corax of the Northern Hemisphere, 

while C. coronoides of south-east Australia 

seems to be intermediate in this regard. C. 

coronoides is the most probable closest 

relative of New Zealand ravens, and the latter 

probably developed from an invasion of New 

Zealand by C. coronoides or crows ancestral 

to it. 

2006020433 

始新世 Primobucconidae (Aves, 

Coraciiformes sensu stricto) 的骨骼形态和 

分类位置 : 欧洲的首次记录 = Osteology and 

systematic position of the Eocene 

Primobucconidae (Aves, Coraciiformes sensu 

stricto), with first records from Europe. ( 英文 ). 

Mayr G; Mourer-Chauviré C; Weidig I. 


2(1): 1-12 

The first complete skeletons of the early 

Eocene avian taxon Primobucconidae 

Brodkorb, 1970 are described and the 

osteology and systematic position of these 

poorly known birds are revised. New 

specimens from Germany (Messel) and France 

(Condé-en-Brie) are the first Old World 

records of this taxon. From Messel, two new 

species, Primobucco perneri sp. nov. and P. 

frugilegus sp. nov., are described. Cladistic 

analysis of 36 morphological characters from 

14 ingroup taxa placed the Primobucconidae 

in an unresolved polytomy including fossil 

and extant rollers (Coraciiformes sensu 

stricto). Derived characters are presented that 

support this classification. The 

Primobucconidae is yet another taxon that 

exemplifies the great similarity between the 

early Eocene avifaunas of North America and 

Europe. It further constitutes the first record of 

stem group rollers in the New World. Both 

known specimens of P. frugilegus are 

preserved with seeds in the area of the 

stomach, which may indicate that stem group 

rollers had a more generalised diet than their 

extant relatives. 

2006020434 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚霍恩比岛白垩纪鸟 

化石 = Cretaceous fossil birds from Hornby 

Island (British Columbia). ( 英文 ). Morrison K; 

Dyke G J; Chiappe L M. Canadian Journal of 

Earth Sciences, 2005, 42(12): 2097-2101 

We present the first records of Mesozoic 

fossil birds to be described from British 

Columbia. New fossil avians from the 

Campanian Northumberland Formation on 

Hornby Island (Strait of Georgia) add to the 

known distributions of two groups of fossil 

birds during the latter stage of the Mesozoic. 

New specimens referred to the clades 

Ornithurae and Enantiornithes demonstrate the 

presence of a diverse marine avifauna in 

Canadian Pacific marine sediments prior to 

the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) boundary. 

These new fossil bird remains from coastal 

rocks on the west coast of British Columbia 

lend further support to suggestions that oceangoing 

birds were important constituents of 

marine ecosystems in the terminal stages of 

the Mesozoic. 

2006020435 

泰国早白垩世鸟化石的首次记录 = First 

record of a fossil bird from the Early 

Cretaceous of Thailand. ( 英文 ). Buffetauta 

E,Dykeb G,Suteethorn V;Haiyan Tong. 


We present the first known occurrence of a 

Mesozoic fossil bird from Thailand. The new 

specimen is the distal end of a left humerus, 

from the Early Cretaceous Sao Khua 

Formation in the Northeast of the country, and 

testifies to the presence of a medium-sized 

avian in these non-marine strata. This is also 

the first Mesozoic bird known from the whole 

of Southeast Asia. 

2006020436 

130

关于鸟类演化时间尺度内外化石标度的效 

果 = The effect of external and internal fossil 

calibrations on the Avian evolutionary 

timescale. ( 英文 ). Tuinen M V; Hedges S B. 

Journal of Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 45–50 

Molecular clocks can provide insights into 

the evolutionary timescale of groups with 

unusually biased or fragmentary fossil records, 

such as birds. In those cases, it is 

advantageous to establish internal anchor 

points—molecular time estimates—using the 

best external fossil calibrations. In turn, those 

anchor points can be used as calibrations for 

more detailed time estimation within the 

group under study. This method also avoids 

the inherent problems in drawing conclusions 

about the evolution of a group based on data 

tied to the poor fossil record of that same 

group. The galliform-anseriform divergence 

( 90 million years ago) is an example of such 

an ideal anchor point for molecular clock 

analyses in birds. 

2006020437 

古近纪旧大陆林鸱 Paraprefica Mayr, 1999 

( 鸟纲 , 林鸱科 ): 骨骼形态及其与新大 

陆 Preficinae Olson, 1987 的关系 = The 

Palaeogene Old World potoo Paraprefica 

Mayr, 1999 (Aves, Nyctibiidae): its osteology 

and affinities to the New World Preficinae 

Olson, 1987. ( 英文 ). Mayr G. Journal of 


370 

New specimens of the poorly known Old 

World potoo Paraprefica kelleri Mayr, 1999 

(Aves, Nyctibiidae) are described from the 

Middle Eocene of Messel in Germany, 

including the first complete skeleton with a 

well-preserved skull. They provide additional 

details of the osteology of these birds and 

allow more detailed comparisons with the 

osteologically similar Prefica nivea Olson, 

1987 from the Early Eocene of North America. 

For the first time, the phylogenetic 

relationships of Paraprefica and Prefica are 

evaluated in a cladistic context. Analysis of 98 

characters supports a sister group relationship 

between Paraprefica and modern Nyctibiidae, 

whereas Prefica is shown to be the sister 

taxon of the Steatornithidae (oilbirds), as 

proposed in the original description. Some of 

the osteological similarities between Prefica 

and Paraprefica may be plesiomorphic for the 

Cypselomorphae, the taxon to which 

Nyctibiidae belong. 

2006020438 

第四纪热泉沉积中的一个硅化鸟化石 = A 

silicified bird from Quaternary hot spring 

deposits. ( 英文 ). Channing A; Schweitzer M 

H; Horner J R; McEneaney T. Proceedings of 

the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2005, 

272(1566): 905 - 911 

The first avian fossil recovered from hightemperature 

hot spring deposits is a threedimensional 

external body mould of an 

American coot (Fulica americana) from 

Holocene sinters of Yellowstone National 

Park, Wyoming, USA. Silica encrustation of 

the carcass, feathers and colonizing microbial 

communities occurred within days of death 

and before substantial soft tissue degradation, 

allowing preservation of gross body 

morphology, which is usually lost under other 

fossilization regimes. We hypothesize that the 

increased rate and extent of opal-A deposition, 

facilitated by either passive or active 

microbial mediation following carcass 

colonization, is required for exceptional 

preservation of relatively large, fleshy 

carcasses or soft-bodied organisms by mineral 

precipitate mould formation. We suggest 

physico-chemical parameters conducive to 

similar preservation in other vertebrate 

specimens, plus distinctive sinter macrofabric 

markers of hot spring subenvironments where 

these parameters are met. 

2006020439 

中生代鸟类化石记录的特性 = The quality 

of the fossil record of Mesozoic birds. ( 英文 ). 

Fountaine T M R; Benton M J; Dyke G J; 

Nudds R L. Proceedings of the Royal Society 

B: Biological Sciences, 2005, 272(1560): 289 

- 294 

The Mesozoic fossil record has proved 

critical for understanding the early evolution 

and subsequent radiation of birds. Little is 

known, however, about its relative 

completeness: just how 'good' is the fossil 

record of birds from the Mesozoic? This 

question has come to prominence recently in 

the debate over differences in estimated dates 

of origin of major clades of birds from 

molecular and palaeontological data. Using a 

dataset comprising all known fossil taxa, we 

present analyses that go some way towards 

answering this question. Whereas avian 

diversity remains poorly represented in the 

Mesozoic, many relatively complete bird 

specimens have been discovered. New taxa 

have been added to the phylogenetic tree of 

basal birds, but its overall shape remains 

131

constant, suggesting that the broad outlines of 

early avian evolution are consistently 

represented: no stage in the Mesozoic is 

characterized by an overabundance of scrappy 

fossils compared with more complete 

specimens. Examples of Neornithes (modern 

orders) are known from later stages in the 

Cretaceous, but their fossils are rarer and 

scrappier than those of basal bird groups, 

which we suggest is a biological, rather than a 

geological, signal. 

2006020440 

辽西北票四合屯鸟化石层的精确划分与对 

比 = Accurate division and correlation of birdbearing 

horizons at Sihetun,Beipiao,Liaoning. 

( 中文 ). 张立军 ; 李印先 ; 邱军 ; 叶军 . 地质通 

报 , 2004, 23(2): 184-188 

在修建四合屯封闭地质长廊所进行的大 

规模系统挖掘过程中 , 对主要含化石层位 

进行了精确划分与对比。重点对鸟化石层 

进行了清理 , 查明了 8 个珍稀化石层位 , 

即 7 个含鸟化石层 ( 包括 2 个鸟与恐龙化石 

共存层 ) 和 1 个恐龙化石层。确定了含鸟化 

石层位与实地挖掘剖面之间的一一对应关 

系。 

2006020441 

南极洲晚古新世 Crossvallia unienwillia: 

Spheniscidae 科一新种 (Sphenisciformes, 

鸟类 ) = Crossvallia unienwillia, a new 

Spheniscidae (Sphenisciformes, Aves) from 

the Late Paleocene of Antarctica. ( 英文 ). 

Tambussi C P; Reguero M A; Marenssi S A; 

Santillan S N. Geobios, 2005, 38(5): 667-675 

Modern penguins are typically small to 

medium-sized birds, and nearly all known 

modern specimens are smaller than the most 

archaic Paleogene relatives. Here we report an 

incomplete humerus, associated femur and 

tibiatarsus of a new spheniscid, Crossvallia 

unienwillia nov. gen. and sp., from the Late 

Paleocene (~55 million years, Myr) of 

Antarctica, extending the record of 

spheniscids by about 15 Myr. Its large size 

(length ~140 cm) supports the idea that large 

body size in penguins was acquired 

independently at different times (Late 

Paleocene and Late Eocene) under 

dramatically different environmental 

conditions. Comparison of its osteological 

anatomy suggests that the new taxon is closely 

related to the extinct Anthropornithinae rather 

than to other penguin lineages. 

哺乳类 

2006020442 

俄罗斯托木斯克 Krasniy Yar 地区的第四 

纪哺乳动物化石 = Quaternary mammal 

remains from the Krasniy Yar locality (Tomsk 

region, Russia). ( 英文 ). Shpansky A V. 

Quaternany International, 2005, 142-143(): 

203-207 

The geological structure and faunal content 

of one of the principal localities for 

Quaternary mammal remains in Western 

Siberia, Krasniy Yar (Tomsk region, Russia) 

are considered. This locality contains 3 layers 

of bone remains: lower (Middle 

Neopleistocene), middle (the end of Late 

Neopleistocene) and upper (end of 

Neopleistocene—beginning of Holocene). The 

richest horizon in number of species and the 

quantity of remains is the middle horizon, 

which contains the mammoth fauna. 

2006020443 

洞狮 (Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss)) 的系 

统分类位置 : 基于头盖骨和牙齿性状 = 

Systematic position of the cave lion Panthera 

spelaea (Goldfuss) based on cranial and dental 

characters. ( 英文 ). Sotnikov M; Nikolskiy P. 

Quaternany International, 2005, 142-143(): 

218-228 

Well-preserved skulls of Late Pleistocene 

Panthera spelaea are described from two 

geographically distant regions of Russia 

situated in the Russian Plain and Northern 

Siberia. The resemblance of the studied 

material with contemporaneous fossil lions 

from Alaska is established. The cranial 

morphology of P. spelaea confirms its 

phylogenetic position within the lion group, 

whereas many of the characters supporting the 

cave lion's relationship with the tiger are 

primitive. Both living and cave lions are 

advanced relative to the Middle Pleistocene P. 

fossilis in having larger upper incisors and 

more inflated bullae. P. spelaea also possesses 

the following advanced characters in common 

with the living lion: widened muzzle in the 

canine and P2 areas, wide nasal bones, 

relatively short pre-orbital part of the skull, 

laterally widened mastoid area, V-shaped 

form of the posterior tip of the frontal process 

of maxillary bone, and reduced cusp on the 

protocone bulge of P4. These conditions 

establish P. spelaea as a distinct species. 

2006020444 

猛犸象和 mylodonts: 北美晚更新世动物群 

的外来物种 = Mammoths and mylodonts: 

132

Exotic species from two different continents 

in North American Pleistocene faunas. ( 英文 ). 

McDonald H G; Pelikan S. Quaternany 

International, 2005, 142-143(): 229-241 

Throughout the Cenozoic, the North 

American mammalian fauna has been 

enriched by the appearance of new taxa 

originating on different continents. During 

most of the Tertiary, the primary source area 

of these new taxa was Eurasia with dispersal 

across some version of the Bering Land 

Bridge. In the late Pliocene (Blancan) ca. 2.5 

mya, the creation of the Panamanian Land 

Bridge permitted the northward dispersal of 

species of South American origin including 

ground sloths. One of these sloths was 

“Glossotherium” chapadmalense, which in 

turn gave rise to the Pleistocene species 

Paramylodon harlani. Mammoths first appear 

in North America at the beginning of the 

Irvingtonian ca. 1.9 mya. Despite originating 

on two different continents, the two species 

are often found together in North American 

Pleistocene faunas and shared a common 

habitat. Both of these lineages are commonly 

interpreted as grazers, indicative of open 

grassland habitat, and both of these exotic 

species shared this habitat with North 

American endemic species such as horses, 

also interpreted as grazers. Despite their 

association in North American faunas, 

mammoths did not disperse into South 

America and mylodont sloths were unable to 

disperse into Eurasia. This suggests there were 

some aspects of their ecology they did not 

have in common and there existed a limited 

zone of conditions that permitted them to 

share common habitat. There is no evidence 

that the appearance of either species in North 

America resulted in the extinction of any 

native species. The question is how these 

different species, immigrants and endemics, 

were able to avoid competition, coexist, and 

become integrated into a single fauna, thus 

enriching the overall North American 

Pleistocene fauna. 

2006020445 

西欧上新统 - 全新统 Cervalces/Alces 与 

Megaloceros giganteus 后颅骨骼的形态关 

异以及两 Alceini 属的比较 = The 

morphological distinction between the 

postcranial skeleton of Cervalces/Alces and 

Megaloceros giganteus and comparison 

between the two genera from the Upper 

Pliocene–Holocene of Western Europe. ( 英文 ). 

Breda M. Geobios, 2005, 38(2): 151-170 

Alces alces, Cervalces and Megaloceros 

giganteus are deer of approximately the same 

size whose limb bones could be exchanged if 

fragmentary so morphological features are 

needed, enabling identification of postcranials 

remains. In this work the limb bone features 

described by Pfeiffer (1999a) as distinguishing 

Cervalces latifrons from M. giganteus are reanalyzed 

and further developed, considering 

also the vertebral column, the articular girdles 

and the carpals and tarsal elements. This 

analysis is extended to the other Cervalces 

species (C. gallicus, C. carnutorum and C. 

scotti) and to the present-day moose Alces 

alces. It results in a substantial uniformity in 

the postcranial skeleton of the species of the 

genus Cervalces, confirming what has already 

been stated by Sher (1987), that the Alceini, in 

the Upper Pliocene, constituted an already 

well-defined morphological type that did not 

undergo further structural postcranial 

remodeling. 

2006020446 

Grotta degli Orsi Volanti 地区 (Rapino, 

Chieti, 意大利中部 ) 晚更新世猕猴化石的发 

现 = An unexpected Late Pleistocene macaque 

remain from Grotta degli Orsi Volanti (Rapino, 

Chieti, central Italy). ( 英文 ). Mazza P; 

Rustioni P; Agostinib S; Rossi A., 2005, 38(2): 

211-217 

An explosion set off in a limestone quarry 

located in the surroundings of Rapino (Chieti, 

central Italy), in the National Park of the 

Maiella Massif, exposed a small cave 

containing a Late Pleistocene fauna and 

Mousterian tools. Amongst the specimens is a 

fairly well preserved dorsal portion of a left 

mandibular corpus with associated M 1 and M 2 

attributable to Macaca. The Grotta degli Orsi 

Volanti specimen is the very first macaque 

ever found in Abruzzo, but it also is one of the 

most recent, and the southern and easternmost 

known from Italy. 

2006020447 

中国甘肃临夏盆地下上新统 Shansirhinus 

( 犀牛科 , 奇蹄目 ) 头颅的新材料 = New 

cranial material of Shansirhinus 

(Rhinocerotidae, Perissodactyla) from the 

Lower Pliocene of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, 

China. ( 英文 ). Deng Tao. Geobios, 2005, 

38(3): 301-313 

A well-preserved skull and articulated 

mandible of Shansirhinus, a horned 

aceratherine rhinocerotid, is described from an 

133

Early Pliocene (Gaozhuangian; approximately 

5.3–4.34 Ma) locality of the Linxia Basin in 

Gansu, China. Comparing the new material of 

Shansirhinus ringstromi Kretzoi, 1942, we 

confirm the synonymy proposed previously 

for the species Chilotherium yunnanensis 

Tang et al., 1974, Chilotherium cornutum Qiu 

and Yan, 1982, and Ch. tianzhuensis Zheng, 

1982. New knowledge concerning its cranial 

and mandibular morphology allows insight 

into its phylogenetic position among 

aceratherine rhinocerotids. A sister group 

relationship between Shansirhinus and 

Chilotherium is proposed on the basis of 

cranial, mandibular and dental evidence. 

Shared derived characters that support this 

relationship include: an expanded mandibular 

symphysis with a concave ventral surface; 

retracted premaxillae lacking upper incisors; a 

robust and right-angled facial crest; a flat or 

slightly concave dorsal skull profile; a weak or 

absent parastyle fold; and a constricted 

protocone on the premolars. Shansirhinus was 

probably a grazer, which is evidenced by the 

high crown, strong wear, well-developed 

secondary folds, and enamel plications on its 

teeth. The age of S. ringstromi is Late 

Miocene to the Early Pliocene, corresponding 

to the Turolian to Ruscinian, MN12–MN15 of 

Europe. S. ringstromi is likely the ancestor of 

the more advanced S. brancoi (Schlosser, 

1903). 

2006020448 

欧洲上更新统穴居熊 (Ursus spelaeus 

Rosenmüller) 颅骨的性双型及个体发育变 

化 = Sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic 

variation in the skull of the cave bear (Ursus 

spelaeus Rosenmüller) of the European Upper 

Pleistocene. ( 英文 ). Grandal-d'Anglade A; 

López-González F. Geobios, 2005, 38(3): 

325-337 

The Cave Bear skull is characterized in 

classic descriptions by a strong development 

in the frontal area. This feature gives it a 

characteristic step profile in lateral view. Such 

morphology is usually present in some adult 

males (brachycraneous), but it has not been 

described for females or young individuals. In 

this work, we present a study on variation in 

the size and shape in Cave Bear skulls during 

ontogenetic development, as well as on 

variability due to sexual dimorphism in adult 

individuals. In order to study these features, a 

morphometric analysis (principal component 

analysis) was made, based on both classical 

measurements and a group of nonconventional 

metric data using landmarks 

established by the authors. 

The results allow us to differentiate between 

those parts of the skull that, in adult specimens, 

present a shape-based sexual dimorphism and 

those presenting differences only in size. The 

ontogenetic study can provide data on the age 

at which the differentiation between males and 

females starts, and in which regions of the 

skull these differences are most pronounced. 

2006020449 

澳大利亚渐新世 - 中新世 Mystacinids: 上齿 

系 , 新类群和新西兰种群趋异 = Australian 

Oligo-Miocene Mystacinids (Microchiroptera): 

upper dentition, new taxa and divergence of 

New Zealand species. ( 英文 ). Hand S; Archer 

M; Godthelp H. Geobios, 2005, 38(3): 339- 

352 

The upper dentition of two Australian early 

Miocene mystacinids, Icarops paradox and I. 

aenae, from Riversleigh, Queensland, are 

described for the first time. Also recognised is 

a late Oligocene mystacinid from Lake 

Palankarinna, South Australia. The new fossils 

help refine understanding about the 

evolutionary history of mystacinids in 

Australia, including their temporal and 

geographical range, possible dietary and 

roosting habits, and likely separation time of 

New Zealand mystacinids. 

2006020450 

对一些化石树懒的骨化半月板和 cyamofabella 

的形态功能解释 = Ossified meniscus 

and cyamo-fabella in some fossil sloths: a 

morpho-functional interpretation. ( 英文 ). 

Salas R; Pujos F; de Muizon C. Geobios, 2005, 

38(3): 389-394 

An articulated skeleton of Thalassocnus 

natans (Xenarthra : Nothrotheriidae) and a 

review of some other fossil sloths provide new 

information on sesamoid bones located at the 

knee joint. A sesamoid bone and an ossified 

meniscus have been identified at this joint. 

The cyamo-fabella (posterior sesamoid of the 

tibio-femoral articulation) of T. natans may 

act like a pulley through which the tendon of 

the m. gastrocnemius would have passed. The 

ossified meniscus, which is also present in 

Megatheriidae and Mylodontidae, could be 

related to the pedolateral stance and a large 

rotation of the knee joint during locomotion. 

2006020451 

134

意大利中东部 Marecchia 河上新世一新属 

新种 Arimidelphis sorbinii 及对 Orcininae 

的系统发育分析 = Arimidelphis sorbinii a 

new small killer whale-like dolphin from the 

Pliocene of Marecchia River (Central eastern 

Italy) and a phylogenetic analysis of the 

Orcininae (Cetacea:Odontoceti). ( 英文 ). 

Bianucci G. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 

e stratigrafia, 2005, 111(2): 329-344 

Arimidelphis sorbinii is a new genus and a 

new species of Delphinidae. This specimen 

had previously been wrongly referred to the 

fossil species Tursiops osennae. 

Armidelphis shows some affinities with killer 

whale (Orcinus), as the short rostrum, the very 

strong preorbital process with circular lateral 

outline, and the very elevated coronoid crest 

of the mandible. A cladistic phylogenetic 

analysis points out the belonging of 

Arimidelphis to Orcininae and particularly to a 

clade also including the fossil genus 

Hemisyntrachelus, Orcinus and Pseudorca. 

This genus confirms the high radiation of 

delphinids in the Pliocene of the 

Mediterranean, probably related to the 

recolonization of this basin after the 

Messinian salinity crisis. 

2006020452 

采集于埃斯梅达拉斯省中新世的厄瓜多尔 

首例鲸化石记录 = First Cetacean fosiil 

records from Ecuador, collected from the 

Miocene of Esmeraldas Province. ( 英文 ). 

Bianucci G; Landini W; Valleri G; Ragaini L; 

Varola A. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e 

stratigrafia, 2005, 111(2): 345-350 

Cetacean fossils from Ecuador are reported 

for the first time jon the basis of fragmentary 

remains referred to odontocetes, collected 

during our investigations of Neogene 

stratigraphic sequences outcropping along the 

northern coast. one specimen was collected 

near Las Penas village in the Lower-Middle 

Miocene sediments of the Viche Formation 

and consists of ear bones and mandibular 

fragments for sure belonging to Ziphiidae. It 

represents the oldest record of this family in 

South America. The other fossil was collected 

near Rio Verde village in the Upper Miocene 

sediments of the Angostura Formation and 

consists of an isolated tooth exhibiting 

some ziphiid affinities. 

2006020453 

记 La Roma 2( 晚 Vallesian 期 ; 特鲁埃尔 

省 , 西班牙 ) 三趾马一新种 Hipparion 

primigenium 及其形态学和生物测量学的 

变异研究 = New species of Hipparion from 

La Roma 2 (Late Vallesian; Teruel, Spain): a 

study of the morphological and biometric 

variability of Hipparion primigenium. ( 英文 ). 

Pesquero M D; Alberdi M T; Alcalá L. 


356 1 图版 . 

Morphological and biometrical variability is 

analyzed in Hipparion primigenium (V. 

Meyer) from four Vallesian and Turolian 

locations in Spain (Masía de Barbo, Puente 

Minero, Nombrevilla, and Los Valles de 

Fuentidueña). Previously unstudied remains of 

Hipparion from La Roma 2 (Teruel Province, 

Spain) are described and tested by 

multivariate analysis. This form is compared 

with: 1) Hipparion primigenium (or 

Hippotherium primigenium) from the abovementioned 

Spanish localities; 2) large-sized 

specimens from Çalta (Turkey) and Pavlodar 

(Kazakhstan); 3) forms from the locality type 

of Eppelsheim, Höwenegg, and Dürkheim 

(Germany), and Nikiti 1 (Greek); and 4) 

specimens from two other Spanish localities, 

Concud and Venta del Moro. Hipparion 

remains from La Roma 2 are identified as 

Hipparion laromae n. sp. by body mass and 

morphological characteristics, and confirmed 

by bivariate and multivariate analyses. The 

faunal assemblages indicate a late Vallesian 

age (MN10) for La Roma 2 locality and an 

early Turolian age (MN11) for the Puente 

Minero locality. 

2006020454 

墨西哥南部嵌齿象科 ( 哺乳动物 : 长鼻 

目 ) 的两个新记录及一些生物地理意义 = 

Two new records of Gomphotheriidae 

(Mammalia: Proboscidea) in Southern México 

and some biogeographic implications. ( 英文 ). 

Eduardo C M; Alberdi M T. Journal of 


Two new records of gomphotheriid 

proboscideans, one identified as 

Rhynchotherium and the other as Cuvieronius, 

are reported in México. Both records are in the 

southwesternmost points of their known 

distributional range. 

The remains of both genera consist of 

molars and tusks. Their measurements were 

compared with data available from the 

literature and collection specimens. The molar 

index of Rhynchotherium shows statistical 

differences between m2 and M2, and m3 and 

M3. However, differences between the m3 

135

from both genera are not statistically 

significant, despite slight morphological 

differences. 

This suggests that metric and morphological 

information should be included for a reliable 

identification of isolated molars and, if 

available, any other data of the associated tusk. 

All known records relating to both genera 

suggest that they found southwestern México 

favorable for use as a dispersal corridor to 

South America, likely due to the region's 

tropical or subtropical climate. However, 

some distributional gaps in central México 

need to be resolved for Rhynchotherium. 

There are also important populations of 

Cuvieronius in central México, and 

preliminary information suggests that they 

occupied at least parts of eastern México, as 

well. 

2006020455 

日本北海道晚上新世灰鲸科 ( 鲸类 : 须鲸 

亚目 ) 的最早记录 = The oldest record of 

Eschrichtiidae (Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the 

Late Pliocene, Hokkaido, Japan. ( 英文 ). 

Ichishima H; Sato E; Sagayama T; Kimura M. 


379 5 图版 . 

A new eschrichtiid mysticete was recovered 

from the Late Pliocene Yuchi Formation, 

Teshio Town, Hokkaido, Japan. The specimen 

is relatively well preserved, comprising a 

posterior part of the skull, periotics and 

tympanic bullae, several incomplete cervical 

and thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and forelimb 

elements including scapula, humerus, ulna, 

and several phalanges. Its small size, unfused 

epiphyses of vertebrae and long bones 

(humerus, radius, and ulna) indicate that the 

individual is physically immature. It is 

identified as eschrichtiid based on diagnostic 

characters, including paired occipital 

tuberosities, large occipital condyles, the 

posteriorly concave exoccipital lateral to the 

occipital condyle, the cochlear portion of the 

periotic extending anteromedially, the 

relatively small and somewhat triangular 

anterior process of the periotic, and the 

proportionally large vertebral foramen relative 

to the vertebral body. Because all verified 

eschrichtiids are of Pleistocene age, the Teshio 

eschrichtiid significantly extends the temporal 

range of the group. 

2006020456 

德国梅瑟尔中始新世一个似 Fluvioviridavis 

的鸟化石 = A Fluvioviridavis-like bird from 

the Middle Eocene of Messel, Germany. ( 英 

文 ). Mayr G. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2005, 42(11): 2021-2037 

A new avian taxon is described from the 

Middle Eocene of Messel in Germany. This 

bird closely resembles the Lower Eocene 

North American Fluvioviridavis 

platyrhamphus Mayr and Daniels, 2001. 

Eurofluvioviridavis robustipes n. gen. et sp. 

and F. platyrhamphus are classified in the new 

taxon Fluvioviridavidae. These birds exhibit a 

bauplan that is unknown among modern birds 

in combining a flycatcher-like beak with 

greatly abbreviated legs. Eurofluvioviridavis is 

distinguished from Fluvioviridavis by its 

much stronger toes, indicating that the new 

Messel species occupied a different ecological 

niche from its North American relative and 

that the Fluvioviridavidae were an 

ecologically diversified group in the Eocene. 

Despite their morphological distinctness, 

however, the phylogenetic affinities of the 

Fluvioviridavidae are still uncertain. Their 

phylogenetic affinities are evaluated in a 

cladistic analysis of 96 morphological 

characters, but the resulting position basal to a 

cluster of several modern higher level taxa is 

only weakly supported. 

2006020457 

加拿大北极地区晚白垩世一高纬度龟鳖类 

组合 = A Late Cretaceous (Turonian– 

Coniacian) high-latitude turtle assemblage 

from the Canadian Arctic. ( 英文 ). Brinkman 

D B, Tarduno J A. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2005, 42(12): 2073-2080 

Three turtles are present in a Turonian– 

Coniacian age high-latitude vertebrate 

assemblage from Axel Heiberg Island: 

Borealochelys axelheibergensis gen. et sp. 

nov., a generically indeterminate eucryptodire, 

and a trionychid. The assemblage differs from 

most Late Cretaceous turtle assemblages from 

North America in that members of the 

Paracryptodira are absent. The absence of this 

group is interpreted as a result of latitudinal 

differentiation of turtle assemblages in North 

America during the Late Cretaceous. The level 

of diversity of turtles in the Axel Heiberg 

assemblage is comparable to that of midlatitude 

assemblages associated with a mean 

annual paleotemperature of 14 °C, adding to 

the evidence for high mean annual 

136

temperatures at high latitudes during 

Turonian–Coniacian times. 

2006020458 

有规律的反转还是 " 红桃皇后 " 理论 ? 来自意 

大利上新世 - 更新世的大型哺乳动物群落的 

证据 = Turnover pulse or Red Queen? 

Evidence from the large mammal 

communities during the Plio-Pleistocene of 

Italy. ( 英文 ). Raia P; Piras P; Kotsakis T. 

Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology 

Palaeoecology, 2005, 221(3-4): 293-312 2 图 

版 . 

This study investigates the effect of climate 

changes (during the Ice Ages) on the evolution 

of Plio-Pleistocene large land mammal 

communities of the Italian peninsula. We 

recognized paleocommunities by using both 

the classic, biochronologic approach and with 

a special type of cluster analysis able to 

recognize a statistically discrete number of 

paleocommunities. These approaches ensure 

the potential for including rare species, dilute 

taphonomic biases, and give stronger 

emphasis on the conjoint occurrence of 

species. Irrespective of the way we partitioned 

the fossil record, our results are consistent 

with the prediction that climate changes 

affected Turnover Rates (TRs). We found out 

that only cold shifts in climate were effective 

in influencing communities' turnover. 

Phylogenetic and ecologic inheritance from 

Pliocene (warmer) climate probably made 

large mammal communities by far more 

sensitive to cold than to warm shifts in global 

temperature. 

Eventually, we discuss various potential flaws 

affecting studies on TRs. Those flaws depend 

on the phylogenetic, geographic and body-size 

level of investigation. The existence of these 

restrictions makes studies on turnover hardly 

comparable with each other. 

2006020459 

从马的牙齿和牙齿内部的同位素变化来推 

断季节的变化 = Paleoseasonality inferred 

from equid teeth and intra-tooth isotopic 

variability. ( 英文 ). Sherry V. Nelson. 

Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology 

Palaeoecology, 2005, 222(1-2): 122-144 7 图 

版 . 

This research presents a study of intra-tooth 

isotopic variability measured in hypsodont 

equid teeth as a means of determining 

paleoseasonality. The purpose of this 

investigation is to determine whether 

Sivapithecus, a Miocene hominoid from the 

Siwaliks of Pakistan, lived in habitats 

characterized by a seasonal rainfall regime, 

and if so, what kind of forest is associated 

with this regime. Forest type, such as 

evergreen, semi-evergreen, moist deciduous, 

and dry deciduous, is largely determined by 

length of the dry period. Reconstruction of the 

rainfall regime therefore allows inferences of 

forest type in the fossil record. Seasonal 

rainfall regimes can be determined from 

oxygen stable isotopes, for oxygen isotopes 

track amount of rainfall in tropical regions. 

Sampling oxygen isotopes along the length of 

an equid tooth, which takes over a year to 

develop, therefore provides a record of 

seasonal isotopic changes in body water, 

which in turn reflect drinking water and 

ultimately precipitation. Carbonate oxygen 

results from Siwalik equid teeth spanning 

10.0–6.3 Ma indicate a rainfall regime similar 

to that experienced by southern China 

monsoon forests today, with a monsoonal 

rainy season and a five-to-six month dry 

season. Furthermore, results suggest a 

seasonal birthing pattern for Siwalik equids 

and therefore predictable seasonal regime. 

These results indicate that Sivapithecus lived 

under a seasonal regime with dry periods 

longer than the maximum of 4 months that 

most great apes experience today. Therefore 

Sivapithecus may have experienced longer 

periods of low fruit availability than do 

modern apes. Either Sivapithecus differed in 

habitat requirements, or the forest differed in 

terms of the spatio-temporal variability of fruit 

compared to modern analogues. Over geologic 

time, annual rainfall appears to have decreased 

in the Siwaliks, beginning around the time 

Sivapithecus became extinct, but annual 

seasonality of rainfall does not change. 

2006020460 

Can Missert 地区 ( 中中新世 , Vallès- 

Penedès 盆地 , 西班牙 )Aragonian 晚期啮齿 

类、食虫类及翼手类 ( 哺乳动物 ) = 

Rodents, insectivores and chiropterans 

(Mammalia) from the late Aragonian of Can 

Missert (Middle Miocene, Vallès-Penedès 

Basin, Spain). ( 英文 ). Agustí J; Casanovas- 

Vilar I; Furió M. Geobios, 2005, 38(5): 575- 

583 

In this paper, the insectivores, chiropterans 

and rodents from the middle Miocene site of 

Can Missert are described. The faunal list of 

this locality includes the following species: 

Miosorex grivensis, Desmanella sp., Talpidae 

137

indet., Vespertilionidae indet., Hispanomys 

daamsi, Megacricetodon minor, 

Megacricetodon ibericus, Fahlbuschia 

crusafonti, Democricetodon brevis nemoralis, 

Eumyarion medium, Muscardinus hispanicus, 

Eomuscardinus sp., Paraglirulus werenfelsi 

and Spermophilinus bredai. H. daamsi is a 

new Cricetodontine species which is 

characterized by complete ectolophs and 

relatively long third lower molars. The rodent 

association of Can Missert enable one to 

assign this locality to the late Aragonian, MN 

8, being close in age to other localities in the 

Vallès-Penedès Basin such as Castell de 

Barberà. However, the proportion in which 

each species is represented is very different in 

the two cases. This evidence points to the 

existence climatic pulses at the end of the 

Aragonian Mammal-Stage. 

2006020461 

Hyaenictitherium minimum: 乍得托罗斯 - 

米那拉晚中新世古鬣狗一新种 = 

Hyaenictitherium minimum, a new ictithere 

(Mammalia, Carnivora, Hyaenidae) from the 

Late Miocene of Toros-Menalla, Chad. ( 英文 ). 

De Bonis L, Peigné S, Likius A, MackayeH T , 

Vignaud P ; Brunet M. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(8): 671-679 

A new species of Hyaenidae, 

Hyaenictitherium minimum, is described in the 

carnivore fauna of the Late Miocene layers of 

Toros-Menalla (Chad). Its size is similar to 

that of a jackal and it had probably a similar 

ecological niche. It is found in several fossilbearing 

localities of this area. The genus 

Hyaenictitherium is known from the early 

Late Miocene in Eurasia from China to Spain; 

the Chadian material is, perhaps with some 

specimens from Sahabi and Lothagam, the 

earliest occurrence of the genus in Africa. It 

results certainly from Eurasian migration, 

which will have to be taken into account for 

the analysis of the bulk of the fauna. 

2006020462 

记南非早上新世 Langebaanweg 和 Baard 

采石场两地点的 Orycteropus = Orycteropus 

(Tubulidentata, Mammalia) from 

Langebaanweg and Baard's Quarry, Early 

Pliocene of South Africa. ( 英文 ). Pickford M. 


Fossil teeth and bones of aardvarks are 

relatively common at Langebaanweg, an Early 

Pliocene site in western Cape Province, South 

Africa. The remains are compatible in size and 

most details of morphology to extant 

Orycteropus afer, and are the earliest fossils 

attributed to this species. Other Late Miocene 

to Early Pliocene localities in Africa have 

yielded smaller species of aardvarks, 

suggesting that the extant lineage evolved in 

southern Africa. Morphologically the genus 

Orycteropus has been remarkably 

conservative since at least the Early Miocene 

but it witnessed an overall increase in size 

through the Neogene. The species O. afer has 

been morphometrically stable since the Early 

Pliocene. These observations indicate that the 

evolutionary process in aardvarks is extremely 

bradytelic. 

2006020463 

分子钟的趋异评估与 Cetartiodactyla 的化 

石记录 = Molecular clock divergence 

estimates and the fossil record of 

Cetartiodactyla. ( 英文 ). Theodor J M. Journal 

of Paleontology, 2004, 78(1): 39–44 

Molecular clock estimates of divergence 

times for artiodactyls and whales vary widely 

in their agreement with the fossil record. 

Recent estimates indicate that the divergence 

of whales from artiodactyls occurred 60 Ma, a 

date which compares well with the first 

appearances of fossil whales around 53.5 Ma, 

and artiodactyls at 55 Ma. Other estimates 

imply significant gaps in the fossil record. A 

date of 65 Ma for the divergence of Suidae 

and Ruminantia predates the appearance of 

Ruminantia by over 10 million years, and an 

estimate of 58 Ma for the divergence of 

Suidae from Cetacea implies a gap of over 20 

million years. Further, although a molecular 

clock estimate has not been reported, the 

hypothesis that hippos are the closest living 

relatives of the whales implies a potential 

ghost lineage for hippos of over 40 million 

years. There are only two living species of 

hippos, and their fossil record is sparse, while 

cetaceans and other artiodactyls are speciose 

and have rich fossil records. A 40-million-year 

gap in the fossil record of hippos could be 

explained by several possibilities: inadequate 

biogeographic sampling, taphonomic biases, 

or undifferentiated primitive morphology. 

Similarly, a number of possible problems may 

exist in the molecular data: rate variation in 

the genes sampled, the low numbers of genes 

examined, and insufficient age calibrations. In 

addition, there are potential problems in 

molecular phylogeny estimation, such as long 

branch attraction and inappropriate taxonomic 

sampling. Additional estimates of divergence 

times among living taxa should provide a 

138

oader framework for comparison with the 

fossil record and provide information to help 

identify which of these factors are causing 

conflict. 

2006020464 

突尼斯 El Geffel 洞穴更新世哺乳动物群的 

发现 = Discovery of a Pleistocene mammalia 

fauna in El Geffel Cave (cap Bon, Tunisia). 

( 法文 ). Chakroun A; Zaghbib-Turki D; 

Moigne A-M; de Lumley H. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(4): 317-325 

The Quaternary series outcropping in the 

Cap Bon area (North-East of Tunisia) is 

characterised by two types of facies. The 

lower one is rich in warm marine molluscs 

such as Strombus bubonius LAMARCK, 

which expanded during the transgressive 

Tyrrhenian period, along the south margin of 

the Mediterranean Sea and elsewhere around 

this marine basin. The upper facies is 

continental and rich in gastropoda such as 

Helix and Rumina. In the deposits of this 

upper facies, a cave rich in big mammalia 

remains is discovered. These fossils are 

attributed to six species, composed at least of 

12 individuals of grazer big mammalia 

belonging to groups such as Equids, 

Rhinocerotids, Bovids, and Hystricids. All 

these species, attributed to Late Pleistocene 

period, could be adapted to large open 

biotopes and especially dry climate biotopes, 

where a savannah vegetal cover was 

developed. 

2006020465 

Myanmar 中始新世晚期 Pondaung 组一个 

新的爪兽类化石 = A new Chalicothere from 

the Pondaung Formation (late Middle Eocene 

of Myanmar). ( 英文 ). Remy J-A; Jaeger J-J; 

Chaimanee Y, U Aung Naing Soe; Marivaux 

L, Sudre J; Soe Thura Tun, Marandat B; 

Dewaele E. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(4): 341-349 

The 2002 field work campaign of the joint 

Myanmar–French Expedition has resulted in 

the discovery of new material particularly in 

the Bahin area (Pondaung Formation, Middle– 

Upper Eocene, Myanmar). The Nyaung Pin Le 

outcrop has yielded, among other fossil 

mammals, a maxillary of a primitive 

chalicothere, the first ever discovered in the 

southeastern Asia Palaeogene, which is 

assigned to the Eomoropidae, Eomoropus 

pawnyunti nov. sp. This form is distinguished 

from the other representatives of the family by 

its small size, its brachyodonty and the few 

derived shape of the molar ectolophs, 

nevertheless provided with low mesostyles 

2006020466 

有袋类化石以及更新世期间澳大利亚昆士 

兰东南部 Darling Downs 地区的环境变化 = 

Fossil bandicoots (Marsupialia, Peramelidae) 

and environmental change during the 

Pleistocene on the Darling Downs, 

southeastern Queensland, Australia. ( 英文 ). 

Price G J. Journal of Systematic 


Systematic collecting from fluviatile 

Pleistocene fossil deposits of the Darling 

Downs, southeastern Queensland, Australia, 

has led to an increase in the region's fossil 

record of bandicoots. Isoodon obesulus, 

Perameles bougainville and P. nasuta are 

reported for the first time in the Darling 

Downs fossil record. Accelerator mass 

spectrometry 14 C dates based on charcoal from 

bandicoot fossil-bearing stratigraphic horizons 

indicates deposition 45–40 ka. Additional 

material attributed to the recently described 

Darling Downs P. sobbei is also described. P. 

sobbei retains plesiomorphic characters in the 

upper dentition including reduction of the 

metaconule on M 3 and the lack of posterior 

cingula on M 2 and M 3 . Phylogenetic 

interpretation of dental characters suggests 

that P. sobbei has closer affinities to the 

Pliocene P. bowensis than to any modern 

species. The presence of extant species such 

as P. bougainville and I. obesulus as fossils 

provides evidence that scrublands and closed 

woodlands with dense understories existed on 

the Darling Downs during the Pleistocene. 

The Darling Downs bandicoot assemblage 

represents the only known fauna, fossil or 

modern, where I. obesulus, P. bougainville 

and P. nasuta occur sympatrically. The 

Pleistocene Darling Downs may have had a 

more equable climate than occurs today and a 

greater range of habitat niches to support such 

populations. The southern and western 

contraction of the geographical ranges of I. 

obesulus and P. bougainville between the 

Pleistocene and the present was probably the 

result of significant environmental change that 

may have involved the contraction of 

woodlands and expansion of grasslands. The 

persistence of P. nasuta populations on the 

Darling Downs from the Pleistocene to the 

present may reflect that species' ability to 

adapt to a wide range of habitats. 

2006020467 

139

食肉类的系统发育 :carnivoramorphans 基 

部类群的关系及其细齿兽超科的分类位置 

= Phylogeny of the Carnivora: basal 

relationships among the carnivoramorphans, 

and assessment of the position of ‘Miacoidea’ 

relative to Carnivora. ( 英文 ). Wesley-Hunt G 

D; Flynn J J. Journal of Systematic 


The relationships between the earliest 

members of the Carnivoramorpha and the 

crown-clade Carnivora are more firmly 

resolved. The data set for the phylogenetic 

analyses includes 99 cranial and dental 

characters from 40 taxa, representing a wide 

range of early Cenozoic fossil 

carnivoramorphan taxa traditionally included 

within the ‘Miacoidea’, representatives of 

extant Carnivora and outgroups. New fossils 

of Tapocyon and Oödectes, and more 

thorough anatomical analyses, significantly 

increase the taxon and character sampling 

available for the earliest members of the 

Carnivoramorpha. The first auditory region 

known for Oödectes is described. We test the 

monophyly of the Carnivoramorpha and 

various subclades, as well as interrelationships 

of ‘Miacoidea’ taxa relative to each other and 

to the Carnivora. The monophyly of the 

Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha is supported, 

relative to other Ferae (two hyaenodontid 

‘creodonts’) and Eutherian outgroups. There is 

compelling evidence that ‘Miacidae’ and 

Viverravidae are not basal members of the 

Caniformia and Feliformia but rather are 

excluded from the Carnivora (as 

phylogenetically defined, Wyss & Flynn 1993, 

emended by Bryant 1996). A monophyletic 

Viverravidae is strongly supported, forming 

the nearest outgroup to all other 

Carnivoramorpha. ‘Miacidae’ is not 

monophyletic; rather it appears to represent a 

paraphyletic array of stem taxa, basal to the 

Carnivora. We discuss character evolution and 

transformations in the light of these new 

phylogenetic hypotheses. Basicranial 

characters are not significantly more useful 

(less homoplasious) than dental features and 

thus do not represent a ‘holy grail’ 

morphological character system for 

reconstructing carnivoramorphan phylogeny. 

The results indicate that the split between the 

Feliformia and Caniformia, now estimated at a 

minimum age of [similar]43 Ma, appears to 

have taken place more recently than many 

earlier studies suggested (see also Flynn 1996). 

2006020468 

印度水龙兽的分类学、相对生长及其颅部 

性双型 = Lystrosaurus (Therapsida, 

Dicynodontia) from India: taxonomy, relative 

growth and cranial dimorphism. ( 英文 ). Ray S. 


3(2): 203-221 

Multiple skulls of the dicynodont 

Lystrosaurus from the Early Triassic Panchet 

Formation, India, including those assigned to 

L. murrayi, L. platyceps, L. maccaigi and L. 

rajurkari, were re-studied and compared with 

the South African forms. The Indian 

specimens pertain to only a single species of 

Lystrosaurus, L. murrayi. The species L. 

rajurkari is considered here as a junior 

subjective synonym of L. murrayi. Bivariate 

scatter plots of different parameters of about 

50 crania of L. murrayi from India and South 

Africa yield high correlation coefficients and 

show that all specimens constitute one 

morphologically homogeneous group in 

various stages of ontogenetic development. 

Allometric changes were mostly related to the 

strengthening of the trophic apparatus and 

probably suggest a shift in diet. However, two 

distinct morphotypes (A and B) can be 

identified based on a bivariate scoring 

technique and principal components analysis. 

The overall large and robust head and 

enhanced cranial topologies of morphotype A 

suggest that the features were probably used 

for intrasexual competitive displays, leading 

to the presumption that morphotype A was 

male and morphotype B was female. 

2006020469 

缅甸始新世 Proviverrine hyaenodontids 

( 古食肉目 : 哺乳纲 ) 及其 Para–Tethys 

地区 proviverrines 的系统学分析 = 

Proviverrine hyaenodontids (Creodonta: 

Mammalia) from the Eocene of Myanmar and 

a phylogenetic analysis of the proviverrines 

from the Para–Tethys Area. ( 英文 ). Egi N; 

Holroyd P A; Tsubamoto T; Soe A N; Takai 

M; Ciochon R L. Journal of Systematic 


Recent expeditions in the Pondaung 

Formation have revealed an assemblage of 

hyaenodontid creodonts from the late middle 

Eocene of Myanmar. Among the three 

proviverrines known from the fauna, 

Kyawdawia lupina gen. et sp. nov. is 

represented by the most complete dental 

materials. Kyawdawia is similar to the 

proviverrines known from the Eocene and 

middle Miocene of India–Pakistan and from 

140

the late Eocene to middle Miocene of Africa, 

in that it has a short protocone and strong 

buccal cingulum on M1-2, a small metaconid 

on m2-3 and a well-basined talonid on p4-m2. 

In addition, it lacks an anterior accessory cusp 

on p4 and the distinction between the 

hypoconulid and entoconid on the lower 

molars. It is unique among the Afroasian 

proviverrines in lacking a protocone lobe on 

P4 and in having a broader paracone relative 

to the metacone on M1-2. This species is one 

of the largest proviverrines and was estimated 

to be the size of a red wolf. The type specimen 

includes postcranial materials. The welldeveloped 

deltopectoral crest, supracondylar 

ridge and medial epicondyle of the humerus 

and the relatively short gracile tibia suggest 

some digging adaptations, while the two well 

preserved caudal vertebrae indicate the 

presence of a long tail. The cladistic analysis 

of 14 proviverrines from Europe and Afroasia 

based on dental morphologies supports the 

monophyly of proviverrines from Africa and 

South and Southeast Asia. This group must 

have originated from the European forms by 

the early Eocene and dispersed into South and 

Southeast Asia. Kyawdawia is 

phylogenetically closest to Masrasector from 

the late Eocene to early Oligocene of Egypt 

and Oman, and the second closest to 

Paratritemnodon from the middle Eocene of 

India–Pakistan. The other two Pondaung 

proviverrines, Yarshea cruenta and an 

indeterminate proviverrine, are also close to 

these genera. 

2006020470 

肯尼亚土根山晚中新世爪兽一新种 

Ancylotherium cheboitense = Ancylotherium 

cheboitense nov. sp., new Chalicotheriidae 

(Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Late 

Miocene of the Tugen Hills (Kenya). ( 法文 ). 

Guérin C; Pickford M. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(3): 225-234 

Seven articulated bones of a left foot, 

comprising the talus, incomplete calcaneum, 

cuboid, co-ossified navicular + ectocuneiform, 

the mesocuneiform, metatarsals II, III and IV, 

as well as an isolated lower molar, were 

discovered at Cheboit, Baringo District, 

Kenya. All these remains came from the 

Kapgoywa Member (5.9 to 6.1 Ma) at the base 

of the Lukeino Formation. They belong to a 

new species of Ancylotherium, A. cheboitense 

nov. sp. This Schizotheriinae is characterised 

by its remarkably stocky skeleton, its high and 

wide talus, its massive metatarsals, in 

particular the fourth, of which the anterior 

surface of the diaphysis is strongly depressed. 

A. cheboitense is smaller but much more 

massive than Ancylotherium hennigi and even 

more so than Chemositia tugenensis, both 

species that have (at least partly) about the 

same age. It could represent an attempt to 

adapt to a humid habitat. 

2006020471 

欧洲中更新统上部猛犸象 Mammuthus 

intermedius 的重新认识 = Revival of the 

taxon Mammuthus intermedius (Jourdan, 

1861), a mammoth (Mammalia, Elephantidae) 

of the European upper Middle Pleistocene. ( 法 

文 ). Labe B; Guérin C. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2005, 4(3): 235-242 

The study of the Pleistocene Proboscidean 

remains from the Lyon area in France leads to 

a revival of the taxon Elephas intermedius 

Jourdan, 1861. The lamellae are more closed 

up, and the enamel is thinner than for the teeth 

of M. trogontherii from the medium part of 

the Middle Pleistocene; the lamellae are more 

spaced and the enamel is thicker than for the 

teeth of the Upper Pleistocene M. primigenius. 

M. chosaricus Dubrovo, 1966 is no more than 

a junior synonym of M. intermedius, and 

many fossils that were before classified as 

evoluted M. trogontherii or primitive 

M. primigenius must be attributed to it. A 

neotype is established for M. intermedius 

2006020472 

啮齿动物的形态演化、生态多样性和气候 

变化 = Morphological evolution, ecological 

diversification and climate change in rodents. 

( 英文 ). Renaud S; Michaux J; . Schmidt D N; 

Aguilar J-P; Mein P; Auffray J-C. 



617 

Among rodents, the lineage from 

Progonomys hispanicus to Stephanomys 

documents a case of increasing size and dental 

specialization during an approximately 9Myr 

time-interval. On the contrary, some 

contemporaneous generalist lineages like 

Apodemus show a limited morphological 

evolution. Dental shape can be related to diet 

and can be used to assess the ecological 

changes along the lineages. Consequently, size 

and shape of the first upper molar were 

measured in order to quantify the patterns of 

morphological evolution along both lineages 

and compare them to environmental trends. 

141

Climatic changes do not have a direct 

influence on evolution, but they open new 

ecological opportunities by changing 

vegetation and allow the evolution of a 

specialist like Stephanomys. On the other 

hand, environmental changes are not dramatic 

enough to destroy the habitat of a long-term 

generalist like Apodemus. Hence, our results 

exemplify a case of an influence of climate on 

the evolution of specialist species, although a 

generalist species may persist without change. 

2006020473 

辽宁凌源义县组恐龙皮肤印痕化石 = 

Preliminary report on the dinosaurian skin 

impressions form the Yixian Formatin of 

Lingyuan,Liaoning. ( 中文 ). 姬书安 . 地质论 

评 , 2004, 50(2): 170-174 

辽宁西部凌源大王杖子义县组恐龙皮肤 

印痕化石的发现 , 是热河生物群中恐龙皮 

肤鳞片的又一次记录。这些鳞片的形态以 

不规则多边形为主、互不叠覆 , 同时鳞片 

的大小、排列方式等随其着生部位的不同 

而明显变化。从与该皮肤鳞片保存在一起 

的数枚上颌齿及部分前后肢骨来判断 , 这 

一恐龙化石应归鸟臀类 , 且极有可能为鹦 

鹉嘴龙类 (psittacosaurids)。 

2006020474 

Pampean 地区 Lujanian 地层中的 

Neuryurus = Neuryurus (Xenarthra, 

Glyptodontidae) in the Lujanian (late 

Pleistocene-early Holocene) of the Pampean 

region. ( 英文 ). Zurita A E; Soibelzon E; 

Carlini A A. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 

Palaontologie / Monatschefte, 2006, (2): 78- 

88 

The Neuryurini are among the most poorly 

known group of Hoplophorinae glyptodonts. 

The only species that has been relatively well 

characterized as yet is Neuryurus rudis from 

the Ensenadan of the Pampean region, which 

is known mainly from remains of dorsal armor, 

and caudal tube and rings. This is the first 

record and description of genus Neuryurus 

from Lujanian sediments in Buenos aires 

province, Argentina. 

2006020475 

关于东非中新世早期蹄兔目的修订 = 

Revision of the Early Miocene Hyracoidea 

(Mammalia) of East Africa. ( 英文 ). Pickford 

M. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2004, 3(8): 675- 

690 

Three genera of hyracoids were recorded 

from the Early Miocene of East Africa by 

Whitworth [18], but there has been 

considerable divergence of opinion about their 

status. Despite differences in cranial and 

dental morphology from Megalohyrax and 

Bunohyrax, Whitworth [18] classified two 

species in these genera that are recorded from 

much earlier deposits (Early Oligocene) in the 

Fayum, Egypt. One of his genera (Meroehyrax) 

was new. His classification has been the 

subject of debate, with some researchers [6,13] 

doubting the hyracoid status of one of his 

species (Bunohyrax sp), and changing the 

generic status of another (Megalohyrax 

championi). Meyer [6] recorded a fourth 

genus (Prohyrax) from Kenya, linking it to 

material from Namibia described by Stromer 

[16,17]. New samples of two hyracoid species 

collected by the Uganda Palaeontology 

Expedition throw light on their systematic 

position and taxonomy. It is concluded that 

there are three hyracoid genera (Afrohyrax, 

Brachyhyrax and Meroehyrax) in the Early 

Miocene deposits of East Africa, the first two 

of which are new. A fourth genus (Prohyrax) 

occurs in southern Africa, but is not reliably 

known from East Africa. 

2006020476 

多瘤齿类哺乳动物 Catopsbaatar 的骨骼构 

造和颧骨脊线 = Skull structure in 

Catopsbaatar and the zygomatic ridges in 

multituberculate mammals. ( 英文 ). Kielan- 

Jaworowska Z; Hurum J H; Lopatin A V. Acta 


512 

The late Campanian djadochtatherioid 

multituberculate Catopsbaatar catopsaloides 

was originally known from three skulls from 

Hermiin Tsav in the gobi Desert (Mongolia). 

Three more skulls from Hermiin Tsav are now 

available, associated with parts of the 

previously unknown postcranial skeleton, 

which will be described separately. We 

describe herein the skull and dentition of C. 

catopsaloides, based on all available material, 

housed in PIN, PM, and ZPAL collections. 

Catopsbaatar shares with Djadochtatherium a 

very high and prominent anterior zygomatic 

ridge, and presence of the masseteric 

probuberance, but differs from it and 

fromother djadochtatherioid genera in having 

the orbit situated more posteriorly, the 

intermediate zygomatic ridge adhering to the 

anteriou ridge, and a smaller trapezoidal p4 

without ridges; it differs from Kryptobaatar 

142

and Djadochtatherium in having three upper 

premolars and shares this last character with 

Tombaatar, Catopsbaatar is known not only 

from Hermiin Tsav, but also from 

Baruungoyot Formation of Khulsan, 

represented there by a single m2. We 

demonstrate that the separation of the 

masseter superficialis in two parts, the origins 

of which leave scars on the lateral wall of the 

zygomatic arch surrounded by zygomatic 

ridges, occurs in all the multituberculates, and 

is regarded as a multituberculate 

autapomorphy. 

2006020477 

中国内蒙古一新的古新世 nyctitheriid 类及 

亚洲该类群的起源 = A new Paleocene 

nyctitheriid insectivore from Inner Mongolia 

(china) and the origin of Asian nyctitheriids. 

( 英文 ). Missiaen P; Smith T. Acta 


522 

The nyctitheriids form Asia are poorly 

known and show several distinctive characters. 

Here we describe the late Paleocene 

Asionyctia guoi gen. et sp. nov. , the first 

fairly well known Asian nyctitheriid, from the 

Subeng locality near the city of Erlianhot in 

Inner Mongolia, China. Considering the 

derived morphology and the relatively high 

deversity of Asionyctiinae during the Asian 

late Paleocene, and the inferred conservative 

nature of the family Nyctitheriidae, we 

suggest an early Tiffanian time for the 

migration of nyctitheriids into Asia. 

2006020478 

土耳其 Yulafli, Thrace 地区晚中新世大型 

哺乳动物及其生物地理意义 = Late Miocene 

large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, 

Turkey, and their biogeographic implications. 

( 英文 ). Geraads D; Kaya T; Mayda S. Acta 


544 

Collecting over the last twenty years in sand 

and gravel quarries ner Yulafli in European 

Turkey has yielded substantial fauna of large 

mammals.The most significant of these for 

biochronology are well-preserved remains of 

the ursid Indarctos arctoides, the suid 

Hippopotamodon antiquus, and several thino 

genera. They point to a late Vallesian age. The 

Yulafli fauna is close in composition and 

ecology to other localities in Turkish Thrace, 

and also shares several taxa unknown in 

anatolia, especially Dorcatherium, with the 

North-Western European Province. It reflects 

a forested/humid landscape that extended in 

Vallesian times along the Aegean coast of 

Turkey, perhaps as far South as Crete, quite 

distinct from the open environments recorded 

at the same period in Greek Macedonia and 

Anatolia, and probably more like the central 

European one. Together with the 

establishment of a Tethys-Paratethys marine 

connection, this "eastern Aegean Province" 

likely acted as an ecological barrier that 

hindered East-West migrations of opencountry 

large mammals, such as bovids or 

long-limbed giraffes, and might have 

contributed to the differentiation of 

Ouranopithecus and Ankarapithecus. 

2006020479 

始新世鳞甲类 Eomanis brebsi 的蜾骨构造 

及其系统分类意义 = Ankle structure in 

Eocene pholidotan mammal eomanis krebsi 

and its taxonomic implications. ( 英文 ). 

Horovitz I; Storch G; Martin T. Acta 


548 

A reexamination of the type specimen of 

Eomanis krebsi has yielded some new 

observations regarding the identity of some of 

its ankle elements. An element hthat was 

previously identified as a navicular, is here 

reidentified as a partial distal tibia, whereas a 

partially exposed calcaneus had gone 

unnoticed. These two elements display several 

differences in morphology between Eo. krebsi 

and E. joresi, indicating that these are in fact 

distinct species. 

2006020480 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚早 - 中中新世 Pinturas 组 

哺乳动物滑距骨目 = Litopterna (mammalia) 

from the Pinturas Formation, early-middle 

miocene of Patagonia. ( 其他 ). Kramarz A G; 

Bond M. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(3): 611-625 

The Litopterns from the Pinturas Formation 

(Ameghino's "Astrapothericidan beds") are 

examined. Four species referable to the 

Proterotheriidae are recognized for the lower 

and middle sequences of this unit: 

Picturotherium migueli gen. et sp. nov, 

Lambdacomus laceruni (Ameghino), 

Tetramerorhimis prosistells (Ameghino), and 

T. fleaglei Soria. These species retain 

plesiomorphic dental features, as the labial 

folds of the paracone and metacone in the 

upper molars and the little development of the 

neoparaconid - neoparalophid in lower molars, 

143

characteristic of the Deseadan and 

Colhuehuapian proterotheriids (Soria's 

"Oligocene Group"). Proterotheriids with 

more derived dental morphotypes, 

Tetramerorhinus cingulatum (Ameghino) and 

Diadiaphorus? caniadensis sp. nov., are 

recorded at those localities referred to the 

upper sequence. This stratigraphic distribution 

agree with that of the hystricognath rodents 

and palaeothentid marsupials, and reinforces 

the hypothesis that the lower and middle 

sequence of the Pinturas Formation bear a 

mammal assemblage different from and older 

than those derived from the typical 

Santacrucian localities of the Santa Cruz 

Formation. Macraucheniids are only recorded 

in those levels interpreted as belonging to the 

upper sequence of the Pinturas Formation. The 

absence of macrauqueniids in the lower and 

middle sequences of the Pinturas Formation 

could be the consequence of peculiar and still 

not well determined palaeoenvironmental 

conditions during early Pinturas times. 

2006020481 

西藏阿里札达盆地上新统中犀类化石的发 

现及意义 = Discovery of rhinoceros fossils in 

the Pliocene in the Zanda basin, Ngari, Tibet. 

( 中文 ). 孟宪刚 ; 朱大岗 ; 邵兆刚 ; 杨朝斌 ; 孙立 

倩 ; 王建平 ; 韩同林 ; 杜建军 ; 韩建恩 ; 余佳 . 地 

质通报 , 2004, 23(5-6): 609-612 

首次在西藏阿里札达盆地上新世河湖相 

沉积地层中发现了犀类化石 , 对其基本特征 

进行了描述 , 初步鉴定为犀类额鼻角犀亚科 

第三蹠骨化石 , 在同一层位中还采集了大量 

孢粉、微体古生物和植物化石 . 结合区域地 

质特征和产出犀类化石地层的沉积学特征 

等的分析 , 认为札达盆地上新世时代表着温 

暖湿润向寒冷潮湿 - 温和干旱的气候变化过 

程 . 这一发现有助于进一步认识青藏高原新 

近纪上新世的生物演化、气候变化和构造 

活动 , 为研究青藏高原新近纪以来的生物进 

化、湖泊与河流演化、气候变化、古地理 

与古环境变迁 , 以及新生代地层的划分对比 

等提供了新资料 . 

2006020482 

阿根廷拉里奥哈委拉司古山脉萨里卡司组 

的时代和哺乳动物化石 = Fossil mammals 

and age of the Salicas Formation (Late 

Miocene), Sierra de Velasco, La Rioja 

province, Argentina. ( 其他 ). Tauber A A. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 443-460 

Bone remains of fossil mammals from the 

Salicas Formation, appearing in the northern 

end of Sierra de Velasco, La Rioja province, 

Argentina, are reported, This stratigraphic unit 

was previously assigned to the Pliocene, 

Upper Pliocene and to the Late Miocene. It is, 

made up of clayey sandstone, friable in 

general, brownish in the lower layers, and 

reddish brown in the upper levels. There are 

also intercalated paleosoil layers, and 

fossiliferous conglomerates of fluvial origin. 

Among the findings, anuran, turtle and 

mammal fossils are reported. The main 

species are: Macrochorobates scalabrinii 

Scillato Yane, Proeuphractus limpidus 

Ameghino, Chaetophractus sp., 

Eosclerocalyptus planus Castellanos, 

Neophanomys biplicatus Rovereto, 

Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis) cf. 

pretrichodactyla Kraglievich, Orthomyctera 

andina Kraglievich, Potamarchus sp., 

Protypotherium sp., Pseudotypotherium sp., 

Hemihegetotherium cf. torresi Zetti and cf. 

Tremacyllus. All these correspond to the Late 

Miocene ("Huayquerian" mammalian age). 

This association is different from all the other 

findings in the Pampean region, hence its 

significance is discussed. Then, the hypothesis 

of a Late Miocene latitudinal retraction of the 

genus Protypotherium from the Pampean 

region towards the North, is proposed. Some 

of the species were also reported from El 

Jarillal Member of the Chiquimil Formation 

and from the lower part of the Andalhuala 

Formation ("Huayquerian") in Catamarca 

2006020483 

阿根廷哺乳动物偶蹄类 Tayassu pecari 的 

首次化石记录 = First fossil record of Tayassu 

pecari (Link) (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) in 

Argentina. ( 其他 ). Gasparini G M; Zurita A E. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 473-480 

The first fossil record of Tayassu pecari 

(Link) in Argentina is reported, represented by 

isolated molars and premolars from the Yupoi 

Formation (late Pleistocene), Corrientes 

Province. From a palaeoenvironmental point 

of view, the presence of this taxon (mainly 

adapted to humid climate and woodland and 

forest environments) in the Yupoi Formation, 

together with other paleofaunistic remains 

(Dolichotis, Tolypeutes and Galea Meyen in 

the Toropi Formation, and Toxodon in the 

Yupoi Formation) as well as sedimentological 

evidences, supports the hypothesis of more 

humid climatic conditions than those inferred 

in the Toropi Formation (middle Pleistocene). 

144

The development of warmer and humid 

weather during the sedimentation of the Yupoi 

Formation may have allowed migration of 

"brazilian" faunas to the Mesopotamia, 

probably during the last interglacial (ca. 130 

ka). This hypothesis is supported by the 

palaeofaunistic evidence obtained by other 

authors in other areas of the Argentine 

Mesopotamia, western Uruguay and southern 

Brazil 

2006020484 

中国甘肃发现世界上最大牙齿的植食性恐 

龙 : 巨齿兰州龙 ( 新属、新种 ) = 

Lanzhousaurus magnidens gen. et sp. Nov. 

from Gansu Province, China: the largesttoothed 

herbivorous dinosaur in the world. ( 中 

文 ). 尤海鲁 ; 季强 ; 李大庆 . 地质通报 , 2005, 

24(9): 785-794 

巨齿兰州龙 ( 新属、新种 ) 是发现于中国甘 

肃省兰州盆地早白垩世地层中的一新鸟脚 

类恐龙 , 其牙齿是世界上已知植食性恐龙中 

最大的 . 兰州龙下颌长 1 m, 每侧有 14 个齿槽 , 

而单个牙齿宽约 4 cm, 这是已知恐龙中的首 

次报道 . 分支系统学分析发现巨齿兰州龙与 

非洲早白垩世的 Lurdusaurus arenatus 关系 

密切 . 它们代表了鸟脚类恐龙进化中四足行 

走的笨重的一新支 . 兰州龙的发现也表明欧 

亚大陆与非洲在早白垩世具有较密切的联 

系 . 

2006020485 

西藏阿里札达盆地上新统鼠兔类牙齿化石 

的发现 = Discovery of fossil teeth of Pliocene 

Ochotona in the Zanda basin, Ngari, Tibet, 

China. ( 中文 ). 孟宪刚 ; 朱大岗 ; 邵兆刚 ; 杨朝 

斌 ; 韩建恩 ; 余佳 ; 孟庆伟 . 地质通报 , 2005, 

24(12): 1175-1178 

首次在西藏阿里札达盆地上新世河湖相 

沉积地层中发现了鼠兔类牙齿化石 , 对鼠兔 

类牙齿化石的基本特征进行了描述 , 并在同 

一层位中采集了大量孢粉、古动物和古植 

物化石 . 结合区域地质特征 , 产出鼠兔类牙齿 

化石地层的古地磁、ESR 测年资料 , 沉积学 

特征等的简要分析 , 认为札达盆地鼠兔类的 

演化迁徙与上新世时气候由温暖湿润向寒 

冷潮湿 - 温和干旱的变化有关 . 显然 , 这一发 

现有助于认识青藏高原新近纪上新世的生 

物演化、气候变化和构造活动 , 并为研究青 

藏高原新近纪以来的生物进化、湖泊与河 

流演化、气候变化、古地理与古环境变迁 

和古近系、新近系、第四系地层划分等提 

供了新资料 . 

2006020486 

意大利撒丁东部 Tuttavista 山更新世沉积 

中土著犬类 Cynotherium = The endemic 

canid Cynotherium (Mammalia, Carnivora) 

from the Pleistocene deposits of Monte 

Tuttavista (Nuoro, eastern Sardinia).. ( 英文 ). 

Abbazzi L; Arca M; Tuveri C; Rook L. 


111(3): 497-511 

This paper presents the main results related 

to the analysis of fossils of the endemic 

Sardinian canid Cynotherium, discovered 

during the past years within the rich 

fossiliferous karst deposits in the Monte 

Tuttavista area (Eastern Sardinia, Nuoro). The 

analysis indicates that the remains from 

various fissure infillings differ in size and 

dental characters, which are suggestive of 

evolutionary phases under endemic conditions. 

The chronological sequencing of fissures 

obtained based on the evolutionary stage of 

the fossil canid is consistent with that 

emerging from the analysis of the whole 

mammal assemblages occurring in the same 

fissures. The possible evolutionary 

relationships of the Sardinian canid to the 

Plio-Pleistocene mainland species are also 

considered; a derivation from a population of 

late Canis arnensis (or Canis mosbachensis) is 

supported. 

2006020487 

德国南部中中新世晚期的鼹鼠 = Moles 

(Talpidae) from the late middle Miocene of 

south Germany.. ( 英文 ). Ziegler R. Acta 


648 

The moles from the South German fissure 

fillings Petersbuch 6, 10, 18, 31, 35, 48 

include 14 species, four of which are new: 

Leptoscaptor bavaricum gen. et sp. nov., 

Leptoscaptor robustior gen. et sp. nov., 

Myxomygale gracilis sp. nov., and 

Tenuibrachiatum storchi gen. et sp. nov. Most 

samples are characterised by their high species 

diversity. Talpa minuta is the most common 

species in nearly all samples. Leptoscaptor is 

characterised by a slender humerus and by the 

loss of lower antemolars. It is interpreted as a 

Miocene offshoot of the Scalopini. 

Myxomygale gracilis represents the latest 

record of the genus. Tenuibrachiatum storchi 

has a slender humerus and one lower incisor is 

lost. The species is structurally ancestral to the 

extant Urotrichus. The genus Pseudoparatalpa 

Lopatin, 1999 is considered a synonym of 

145

Paratalpa. The talpids of the Petersbuch 

fissures are in line with a Middle Miocene 

correlation of MN 7+8 as already indicated by 

the cricetids. The remains of desmans in the 

Petersbuch 6 fissure filling indicate the 

proximity of water. The presence of 

Urotrichini in nearly all samples, albeit scanty, 

suggests a forestal environment within the 

range of the owls, which preyed on them. 

2006020488 

西班牙早白垩世一新的戈壁牙形类哺乳动 

物及其古地理意义 = A new gobiconodontid 

mammal from the Early Cretaceous of Spain 

and its palaeogeographic implications. ( 英文 ). 

Cuenca-Bescos G; Canudo J I. Acta 


582 

A new gobiconodontid from Vallipon 

(Teruel, Spain) represents the first record of 

this family in Europe. The site has a diverse 

fossil assemblage mainly composed of 

isolated bones and teeth probably accumulated 

by tidal action and water streams in an ancient 

beach of upper Barremian, in the transitional 

marine-continental sediments of the Artoles 

Formation. The new gobiconodontid consist 

of an isolated upper molar, smaller in size than 

that element in other gobiconodontids, with a 

robust cusp A, characterised by lateral bulges 

on each mesial and distal flanges of that cusp, 

and a discontinuous cingulum raised at the 

lingual side. The oclusal outline is smooth 

compared with Gobiconodon borissiaki, 

Gobiconodon hoburensis, or Gobiconodon 

ostromi. The Gobiconodontidae record is 

exclusively Laurasiatic. The oldest 

gobiconodontid fossil remains are Hauterivian; 

though their probable origin has to be found at 

the Late Jurassic in Central Asia (as inferred 

from derived character of the first 

gobiconodontids as well as phylogenetic 

relationships). At the end of the Early 

Cretaceous they expanded throughout 

Laurasia as indicated by findings in Asia, 

North America and Spain. Two dispersion 

events spread gobiconodontids: to the West 

(Europe) in the Barremian and to the East 

(North America) during the Aptian/Albian. 

2006020489 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省北部 

Sigmodontine 啮齿动物及其他微体哺乳动 

物 : 对 Ensenadan 最上部的古环境再造 = 

Sigmodontine rodents (Mammalia : Rodentia : 

Cricetidae) and other micromammals from 

Northern Buenos Aires Province (Argentina): 

Paleoenvironmental reconstruction for the 

Uppermost Ensenadan. ( 其他 ). Voglino D; 

Pardinas U F J. Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 

143-158 

We studied taxonomical and 

paleoenvironmental aspects of a 

micromammal assemblage recovered from 

Pleistocene sediments in Ramallo (33&DEG; 

29' S, 60&DEG; 01' W, Ramallo county, 

Buenos Aires province). The bearing 

sediments can be referred to the uppermost 

part of the Ensenada Formation (Ensenadan 

Stage, Biozone of Tolypeutes pampaeus) aged 

little younger than 0.78 Ma. The following 

sigmodontine rodents were recorded: Akodon 

cf. A. azarae (Fisch.), Necromys cf. N. 

benefactus (Thos.), Scapteromys cf. S. 

aquaticus-S. tumidus, Oligoryzomys cf. O. 

flavescens (Waterh.), Calomys cf. C. laucha-C. 

musculinus, Graomys cf. G. griseoflavus 

(Waterh.), Reithrodon auritus (Fisch.), and an 

unidentified genus. The Ramallo assemblage 

supports the hypothesis that the specific 

structure of modern sigmodontine fauna in 

Buenos Aires province was settled during the 

Ensenadan. An integral analysis including all 

the biotic evidences collected in the Ramallo 

section (rodents, marsupials, plant 

macrofossils, mollusks, and insects) indicates 

a transition from wet and warm conditions to 

dry and cold ones. The former conditions are 

suggested by the development of a Celtis tala 

Gill. ex Planch. wood, similar to those 

presently occurring in Ramallo area. The latter 

conditions are evidenced by the record of 

extralocal Central-Patagonian marmosines and 

rodents (e.g., Lestodelphys sp., Microcavia sp.) 

and the absence of C. tala. This environmental 

and climatic change took place above the 

Matuyama-Brunhes boundary, at the end of 

the Ensenadan stage, indicating a delay 

between the paleomagnetic reversion and the 

environmental deterioration in northeastern 

Buenos Aires province. 

2006020490 

辽西朝阳地区下白垩统九佛堂组一新的离 

龙类 = New Choristodera from the Lower 

Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Chaoyang 

area, western Liaoning. ( 中文 ). 高春玲 ; 吕君 

昌 ; 刘金远 ; 季强 ;. 地质论评 , 2005, 51(6): 

694-697 

根据发现于辽宁省西部朝阳地区下白垩 

统九佛堂组的离龙类一具有头骨的不完整 

骨架 , 建立 Simoedosauridae 科中的一新属 

新种 : 朝阳辽西龙 : Liaoxisaurus 

146

chaoyangensis gen.etsp.nov.。朝阳辽西 

龙的下颌缝合部短 , 小于下颌长度的 

20%, 牙齿齿槽近似正方形 , 区别于任何 

已知的进步的离龙类。它吻部相对较短 , 

占头骨总长的 49.8%。 

2006020491 

猛玛象臼齿釉质的构造和演化 = Structure 

and evolution of mammoth molar enamel.. ( 英 

文 ). Ferretti M P. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 383-396 

In the examined four taxa the enamel of the 

cheek teeth consists of three layers delimited 

by two major discontinuities in enamel prism 

direction. Noticeably, the enamel capping the 

occlusal end of the unworn molar plates 

retains a less derived two-layered structure, 

similar to that found in the basal proboscidean 

Moeritherium. In mammuthus meridionalis the 

third deciduous premolar is differentiated 

from all other teeth in having more strongly 

decussating Hunter-Schreger bands in the 

middle layer, as a possible reinforcement of 

the very thin enamel. 

2006020492 

记中国首次发现的 “ 真古兽类 ” 

(eupantotherian) 化石 = The first record 

of "Eupantotherian" (theria, mammalia) from 

the late Early Cretaceous of western Liaoning, 

China. ( 中文 ). 李传夔 ; 濑户口烈司 ; 王元青 ; 

胡耀明 ; 常征路 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2005, 

43(4): 246-255 

记述了在中国首次发现的采自辽宁黑山 

县八道壕矿区早白垩世晚期沙海组的一件 

“eupantotherian”(“ 真古兽类 ”) 下颌骨化 

石。标本保存了最后两个前臼齿和 4 个臼 

齿 , 它以抬高的下颌角突 , 半臼齿化的最 

后一枚前臼齿 , 臼齿上面积增大但未发育 

成完整盆形的跟座 , 尚未形成的 facet-5, 

及加长的最后臼齿等特点有别于所有已知 

的 “eupantotherian” 和具有雏形磨楔式臼齿 

的 Kielantherium, 被命名为 — 新属新种 , 

Mozomus shikamai gen.et sp.nov.( 鹿间 

明镇古兽 ), 并由它而创建了一新科 , 

Mozomuridae fam . nov . “Eupantotherian” 

是早期哺乳动物演化中的一个重要环节 , 

是从无跟座的对齿兽 (symmetrodont) 到 

具有磨楔式 (tribosphenic) 臼齿兽类的中 

间类型。早期兽类进化的成功模式是发育 

成具有磨楔式的臼齿 , 即在上臼齿上发育 

出原尖 , 而下臼齿的跟座形成由 3 个齿尖 

围成的盆状。这种结构扩大了牙齿的面 

积 , 使咀嚼切割能力更趋完善 , 今天的有 

袋类和真兽类均是如此。但在哺乳动物系 

统发育史上 ,“eupantotherian” 类的化石发 

现不多 , 这给探讨具有磨楔式臼齿构造的 

两大门类 ( 后兽类和真兽类 ) 的起源带来 

不少困难和疑惑。而传统上的真古兽类形 

态分异又很大 , 并不是一个单系类群。其 

中有跟座发育较好者 , 如 peramurans 有可 

能更接近具有磨楔式臼齿兽类的基部位 

置 , 本文记述的 Mozomus shikamai 也应属 

于这一类型。具有雏形的被认为处于基干 

上的磨楔式臼齿类化石 , 迄今只有两种 , 

即发现在英国早白垩世地层中的滨齿兽 

( Aegialodon ) 和蒙古早白垩世晚期 

Hoobor 层的 Kielantherium, 前者仅有一颗 

下臼齿 , 后者由一枚下臼齿和一具有 4 颗 

臼齿的下牙床为代表。两种化石在分类上 

被归人单一的滨齿兽目 (Order 

Aegialodontia Butler , 1978 ), 视为 

Boreosphenidans 的基干 (stem)。本文记 

述的 Mozomus, 其时代与 Kielantherium 的 

大体相当 , 在大小、齿式及臼齿形态上与 

后者也多有相近之处 , 但前者以其臼齿的 

facet-5 尚未出现和跟盆发育不全等特点表 

明它较 Kielantherium 更为原始 , 不具备磨 

楔式臼齿的模式 , 因之不能归人 

Aegialodontia , 而只能纳入 

“eupantotherians”。但在后一类的组合中 , 

Mozomus 以它半臼齿化的最后前臼齿和面 

积增大但未发育成盆形的跟座等特点 , 又 

是组合中相当进步的类型。无论如何 

Mozomus 的发现是在为数极少的向磨楔式 

臼齿模式进化的中间环节上增添了一件重 

要的化石标本 , 也增加了不少新的信息。 

它必会引起学者对这一进化过程的更加深 

入的反思和新的启示。 

2006020493 

巴基斯坦渐新世新的反刍动物 = New 

artiodactyl ruminant mammal from the late 

Oligocene of Pakistan.. ( 英文 ). Metais G; 

antoine P-O; Marivaux L; Welcomme J-L; 

Ducrocq S. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 375-382 

Dental and postcranial material of the 

bovid-like ruminant Palaeohypsodontus 

zinensis sp. nov. is reported from the 

Oligocene of the Bugti Hills. This finding 

extends the geographic distribution of this 

dentallyhighly derived ruminant, which was 

previously restricted to the early Oligocene of 

Mongolia and China. It is concluded that the 

147

assignment of Palaeohypsodontus to the 

Bovidae would be premature. More dental and 

postcranial material of this genus as well as 

additional fossils of early bovids are necessary 

to shed new light on the phylogenetic 

relationships within the first representatives of 

that family in Eurasia. 

2006020494 

陕西蓝田晚中新世食肉类 = Carnivora from 

the Late Miocene of Lantian, China. ( 中文 ). K 

Andersson; L Werdelin. 古脊椎动物学 

报 , 2005, 43(4): 256-271 

陕西省蓝田地区灞河组与蓝田组产出了 

大量的古哺乳动物化石。其中 , 晚中新世 

哺乳动物化石序列为认识该地区自然环境 

的变化提供了重要的依据。详细描述和研 

究了其中的食肉类化石。计有鬣狗科 3 种 

( Icthherium viverrinum 、 Hyaenictitherium 

cf.H. wongii、Adcrocuta eximia) 和猫科 2 

种 (cf.Metailurus major 与 cf.Metailurus 

parvulus)。在下部的灞河组与上部的蓝田 

组界线附近 , 食肉类动物群落组成发生了 

改变 , 但引起这种改变的原因仍有待进一 

步研究确定。 

2006020495 

陕西蓝田灞河组的小羚羊 ( Dorcadoryx 

Teilhard et Trassaert, 1938, Bovidae) = 

Dorcadoryx teilhard et trassaert, (bovidae, 

artiodactyla) from the Bahe Formation of 

Lantian, Shanxi Province, China. ( 中文 ). 陈冠 

芳 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2005, 43(4): 272-282 

描述了牛科小羚羊 (Dorcadoryx Teilhard 

et Trassaert,1938) 一新种 :D.orientalis 

sp.nov.。材料发现于陕西蓝田 Loc.6, 

晚中新世灞河组中部。它和属型种 

Dorcadoryx triquetricornis 的主要不同在于 

它的角心长 , 向上分散度大 , 角后窝深而 

狭长 , 眼眶向头骨两侧突出不明显 , 下颌 

骨水平支低而纤细 , 颊齿窄和前臼齿列相 

对长等。Dorcadoryx 是中国北方和蒙古地 

区晚中新世至早上新世的特有类型之一。 

我国山西晚中新世的 ?Tragoreas 

( Bohlin , 1935 )、蒙古新近纪晚期的 

Tragoreas sp.2 和 sp.3 以及 Olonbulukia 

(?)sp.(Dmitrieva,1977) 可能是它 

的成员。经修订 , 属的主要特征是个体小 

至中等大小 , 头骨狭长 , 角基之间的额面 

不向上隆起 , 头骨弯曲发生在额顶骨之 

间 , 眶上孔小 , 眶前窝大 , 颅顶部狭长 , 

基枕部具中沟 , 前结节不明显 , 角心位于 

眼眶之上、不旋转 , 内外侧扁 , 分散度不 

大 , 稍向后弯曲 , 角柄长 , 角后窝存在 , 

前臼齿列退化以及 p4 的下后尖和下前尖相 

连等。它可能属于山羊亚科 , 包含 4~5 

种。新种可能是其中的一个早期类型。 

2006020496 

记陕西蓝田晚中新世灞河组 4 种跳鼠 

(Dipodidae,Rodentia) 化石 = Note on 

four species of Dipodids (Dipodidae, Radentia) 

from the Late Miocene Bahe Formation, 

Lantian, Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 李强 ; 郑绍华 . 古脊 

椎动物学报 , 2005, 43(4): 283-296 

描述了陕西蓝田晚中新世早期灞河组的 4 

属 4 种跳鼠 : 蓝田原跳鼠 ( 新种 ) 

(Protalactaga lantianensis sp.nov.)、 

副跳鼠 ( 未定种 )(Paralactaga sp.)、 

原始三趾心颅跳鼠 ( 新种 )(Salpingotus 

primitivus sp.nov.) 和小五趾心颅跳鼠 

( 新种 ) ( Cardiocranius pusillus 

sp.nov.)。蓝田原跳鼠兼有原跳鼠和副 

跳鼠的特征 , 可能是原跳鼠向副跳鼠进化 

过程中产生的一种过渡类型。副跳鼠和原 

始三趾心颅跳鼠及小五趾心颅跳鼠分别代 

表了副跳鼠属存巾国的最早记录和心颅跳 

鼠亚科 (Cardiocraniinae) 在地史上的首次 

出现。4 种跳鼠指示了监山地区当时的自然 

环境可能比现代更加干旱。 

2006020497 

不列颠中生代柱齿兽目 = Docodonts from 

the British Mesozoic. ( 英文 ). Sigogneau- 

Russell D. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 357-374 

Study of this materialled to the recognition 

of three new taxa: Borealestes mussetti sp. 

nov. and Krusatodon kirtlingtonensis gen. et 

sp. nov. from Forest Marble, Peraiocynodon 

major sp. nov. from Purbeck; this makes the 

Bothonian locality the richest (four species) 

docodont locality so far known. The possible 

synonymy of Cyrtlatherium-Simpsonodon and 

of Peraiocynodon-Docodon suggested by 

several authors is discussed. In conclusion, 

phyletic relationships between the known 

docodont genera are proposed, based on lower 

molars. 

2006020498 

摩洛哥早白垩世新的多瘤齿类的牙齿 = 

New multituberculate teeth from the Early 

Cretaceous of Morocco.. ( 英文 ). Hahn G; 

Hahn R. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2003, 

48(3): 349-356 

148

Three new multituberculate teeth are 

described from the Early Cretaceous of 

Morocco. Denisodon moroccensis gen et sp. 

nov. established for a second lower molar 

which differs from that of Hahnodon taqueti. 

The second tooth is a posterior upper premolar. 

The third tooth is a lowe incisor, similar to 

that in Juehneodon. Both teeth are grouped as 

" Hahnodontidae, gen. et sp. 

indet." Paulchoffatioidea new superfamily is 

established for the Paulchoffatiidae, and 

Pinheirodontidae. 

2006020499 

印度 Rangapur 地区熔岩流间层新的晚白 

垩世哺乳动物和古生物地理格局 = New 

Late Cretaceous mammals from the 

Intertrappean Beds of Rangapur, India and 

paleobiogeographic framework.. ( 英文 ). Rana 

R L; Wilson G P. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2003, 48(3): 

A new mammal-bearing locality from the 

Intertrappean beds of Rangapur, Andhra 

Pradesh, India provides isolated teeth 

referable to Deccanolestes and a new 

eutherian, Sahnitherium rangapurensis. 

Dental comparisons with Cimolestes, 

Procerberus, and Aboletylestes do not support 

proposed " palaeoryctoid' affinities for 

Deccanolestes. In particular, paleogeographic, 

paleontological, and molecular systematic data 

hint that boreosphenidan mammals may have 

had wider distribution on Gondwana during 

the Cretaceous than previously supported. 

2006020500 

江西池江盆地阶齿兽一新种 = New material 

of Bamalambda from Chijiang Basin in 

Jiangxi, China. ( 中文 ). 李茜 . 古脊椎动物学 

报 , 2005, 43(4): 325-329 

1962 年在我国广东南雄盆地首次发现了 

阶齿兽类化石 ( 周明镇等 ,1973; 郑家坚 

等 ,1973), 随后在安徽潜山、湖南茶 

陵、陕西石门、江西大余等地的中古新世 

地层中相继发现该类动物的化石材料 , 尤 

其是在广东南雄、江西大余和湖南茶陵三 

个地点 , 有大量的阶齿兽类化石产出。阶 

齿兽类在中古新世时在亚洲南部是广泛分 

布的。本文记述的阶齿兽材料是 2003 年在 

江西池江盆地发掘到的 , 此标本与已知的 

阶齿兽属中各种均有明显差别 , 故建立一 

新种 — 丁氏阶齿兽 (Bemalambda dingae 

sp.nov.)。 

2006020501 

坦桑尼亚一白垩纪哺乳动物 = A Cretaceous 

mammal from Tanzania.. ( 英文 ). Krause D W; 

Gottfried M D; O'Connor P M; roberts E M. 


321-330 

We report here the discovery of a 

Cretaceous mammal from the "Red Sandstone 

Group" of southwestern Tanzania. This 

specimen is one of only a very few Cretaceous 

mammals known from Gondwana in general 

and Africa in particular. The specimen 

consists of a short, deep left dentary that bore 

a large, procumbent central incisor, and five 

single-rooted, hypsodont cheek-teeth.The 

specimen is very tentatively identified as a 

sudamericid, and thus may represent the first 

African record of a enigmatic clade of 

mammals, the Gondwanatheria, which is 

otherwise known from the Late Cretaceous 

and Paleogene of several other Gondwanan 

landmasses. 

2006020502 

中国蓝田 Dinocrocuta( 中鬣狗科 , 犬类 ) 新材 

料及对中国晚中新世生物年代学的意义 = 

New materials of Dinocrocuta (Percrocutidae, 

Carnivora) from Lantian, Shaanxi Province, 

China, and remarks on Chinese Late Miocene 

biochronology. ( 英文 ). 张兆群 . 

Geobios, 2005, 38(5): 685-689 

New materials from the middle part of the 

Bahe formation are described as Dinocrocuta 

gigantea. Review of the species reveals that it 

is derived in the evolutionary lineage of 

Dinocrocuta, and biochronologically later 

than Vallesian records from Turkey. The only 

possibly related Vallesian species from China 

is Crocuta gigantea xizangensis from Biru, 

Tibet, which may prove to be conspecific with 

D. senyureki. Based on the mammalian faunal 

sequence from Lantian, and with reference to 

Red Clay paleomagnetic data, the duration of 

D. gigantea in China should be later late 

Miocene, rather than the previously postulated 

early late Miocene (Vallesian equivalent) age. 

古人类学 

古人类学 

2006020503 

阿根廷安第斯山脉中部地区 (32°–34°S) 中全 

新世的人类居住 = Human occupation of the 

Central Andes of Argentina (32°–34°S) during 

the mid-Holocene. ( 英文 ). García A. 

Quaternany International, 2005, 132(1): 61- 

70 

149

A great part of the mid-Holocene in South 

America was characterized by the occurrence 

of environmental conditions drier and warmer 

than those of early-Holocene. In some regions 

this change seems to have caused an 

interruption of the human occupation. The 

available archaeological record of central– 

northern Mendoza is examined in order to 

identify the main technological changes, to 

contribute to the discussion of the topic, and to 

evaluate the relationship between the human 

occupations and the environmental changes. 

This revision suggests the continuity of human 

occupation in the area during the mid- 

Holocene. It is also suggested that the 

difference of distribution of the archaeological 

record between the piedmont/mountain 

regions and the plain would be related to 

problems of visibility and lack of systematic 

surveys rather than to an absence of 

occupation by human groups. 

2006020504 

中全新世安第斯山脉的狩猎先民 : 当时的 

环境、资源和技术策略 = Mid-Holocene 

hunters in the Andes Mountains: environment, 

resources and technological strategies. ( 英文 ). 

Cortegoso V. Quaternany International, 2005, 

132(1): 71-80 

Mid-Holocene archeological contexts were 

examined at the Blanco River basin (Luján de 

Cuyo; Mendoza, Argentina) with emphasis on 

the analysis of lithic material to define 

production systems and technological 

strategies. The objective was to determine 

landscape use patterns, and changes in 

subsistence related to the complex population 

dynamic that occurred during the mid- to late- 

Holocene. 

The environments of the region are 

characterized by great altitudinal differences. 

The patterns tested consider this particularity 

and its relation with the resource structure. 

Other variables are also evaluated, such as the 

proximity to specific geological formations 

and access, which is critical in the high 

altitudinal areas. At El Piedrón 01 rock shelter 

(Quebrada de La Manga-Cordillera Frontal) 

archeological contexts dated at 5460±130 and 

4560±120 14 C years BP have been recovered. 

The significant occurrences of late-Holocene 

sites in the same area, as well as the 

differences in the technological behavior 

organizational properties, are related to factors 

including population growth, changes in 

subsistence and different settlement systems 

over a chronological range of 4000 years BP. 

2006020505 

印度尼西亚 Hoabinhian 洞穴的首次记录 : 

苏门答腊北部尼亚斯岛托吉恩德拉哇地点 

= Le site de Tögi Ndrawa, île de Nias, 

Sumatra nord : les premières traces d'une 

occupation hoabinhienne en grotte en 

Indonésie. ( 法文 ). Forestier H; Simanjuntak T; 

Guillaud D, Driwantoro D, Wiradnyana K, 

Siregar D, Awe R D and Budimand. Comptes 


Alors qu'en Indonésie, les implantations 

hoabinhiennes renvoient à de vastes amas 

coquilliers holocènes, la grotte de Tögi 

Ndrawa, dans l'île de Nias (Sumatra nord) a 

révélé un remplissage de coquilles sur 4 m, 

scellé dans une cavité, débutant avec la fin du 

Pléistocène supérieur. Les sondages ont livré 

des galets façonnés de type hoabinhien, une 

faune de forêt et de littoral, ainsi que des os 

humains. Au-delà des nouveaux jalons 

chronologiques qu'elle procure, cette 

découverte interroge sur l'extension du 

phénomène hoabinhien depuis l'Asie 

continentale et sur les modalités d'occupation 

et d'exploitation du milieu à cette époque de la 

préhistoire 

2006020506 

以色列马拉哈 Natufian 种群中牙齿的磨损 

和咀嚼 = Abrasion dentaire et travail 

spécialisé dans la population natoufienne de 

Mallaha (Israël). ( 法文 ). Bocquentin F; Sellier 

P; Murail P. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2005, 

4(4): 351-357 

Tooth abrasion and task activity in the 

Natufian population of Mallaha (Israel). Of 

the Levantine Epipalaeolithic population 

studied (13000–9500 cal BC), two individuals 

belonging to the early phase of occupation of 

the Mallaha site reveal intensive use of their 

teeth as tools. Although it was often suggested 

that ancient populations had such practice, we 

described in this study the oldest undeniable 

case. The morphology of this dental wear is 

studied from a functional point of view and 

hypotheses are put forward as to the type of 

work carried out. A sharing of tasks within the 

production chaînes opératoires appears to be 

established 

2006020507 

非洲人类的起源 : 对古生物地理证据的评 

价 = Origins of the African hominoids: an 

assessment of the palaeobiogeographical 

150

evidence. ( 英文 ). Cote S M. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2004, 3(4): 323-340 

The origin of the African hominoid clade is 

a matter of current debate, with one 

hypothesis proposing that chimpanzees, 

humans, and gorillas originated in tropical 

Africa, while another suggests they originated 

in Eurasia. Support for the latter hypothesis 

includes biogeographical patterns inferred 

from the fossil record and proposed Miocene 

hominoid phylogenetic relationships. The 

absence of fossil apes from the African Late 

Miocene has been used as evidence that crown 

hominoids were not present in Africa during 

this period. An alternative explanation for the 

paucity of these hominoids is that biases in 

collection and preservation have affected the 

African Miocene fossil record. A survey of 

currently known African Later Miocene sites 

and their faunas shows that these sites 

generally do not contain hominoids because of 

small sample sizes, poor preservation, or 

inappropriate habitat sampling. These 

preservation biases have important 

implications for evaluating the origins of the 

Homininae 

历史地质学、地层学 

综论 

2006020508 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚霍塞弗里始新世含 

鱼纹泥中的埋藏变异揭示一万年的环境变 

化 = Taphonomic variations in Eocene fishbearing 

varves at Horsefly, British Columbia, 

reveal 10 000 years of environmental change. 

( 英文 ). Barton D G; Wilson M V H. 


42(2): 137-149 

The Eocene Horsefly locality in British 

Columbia has yielded many fossil fishes, 

insects, and plants. Its varved sediments make 

it ideal for study of temporal changes in 

environment and fish morphology. Several 

intervals of diatomaceous varves indicate a 

deep, stratified lake setting. Earlier studies 

focused on morphological and taphonomic 

change during the 700-year H2 interval and 

morphological change during the 10 000-year 

H3 interval. The present study uses 

taphonomy as an index for environmental 

change during the ten millennia represented 

by H3, comparing taphonomic changes with 

the morphologic changes found earlier. The 

H3 interval records deposition in deep water, 

indicated by dominance of the fish genera 

Amyzon and Eohiodon. Quiet water conditions 

are indicated by minimal fin disarticulation. 

Hypoxia at the time of fish death is confirmed 

by open mouths of most fish specimens, while 

cool water on the lake floor prevented full 

flotation of fish carcasses. Water depth, 

temperature, and oxygenation fluctuated 

during H3 deposition. Periods of cooler, 

deeper, more hypoxic water are indicated by 

greater numbers and size of Amyzon 

specimens and by less disarticulation of skull 

and abdominal bones. Periods of warmer, 

shallower, more oxygenated waters are 

indicated by more disarticulation, less fin 

tetany, smaller fish specimens, and greater 

diversity of species. Correlations between the 

taphonomic changes and morphological 

changes in A. aggregatum are weak. Therefore, 

the morphological changes are not easily 

explained as ecophenotypic or short-term 

evolutionary responses to changes in physical 

lake conditions. 

2006020509 

川西鲜水河断裂带三叠系如年各组放射虫 

硅质岩的地球化学特征 = Geochemistry of 

radiolarian silicalites of Triassic Runiange 

Formation in Xianshuihe fault belts, 

Northwest Sichuan Province. ( 中文 ). 梁斌 ; 王 

全伟 ; 冯庆来 ; 钟长洪 ; 郭建秋 ; 李振江 . 地质科 

技情报 , 2004, 23(1): 16-20 

川西鲜水河断裂带三叠系如年各组放射 

虫硅质岩的 w(SiO 2 ) 为 71.16% ~ 

90.06%,w(Si)/w(Al) 为 49~71, 表明它们含有 

较高比例的陆源泥质沉积物 . 硅质岩样品的 

w(Al 2 O 3 )/w(Al 2 O 3 +Fe 2 O 3 ) 为 0.63~0.81,w(V) 

< 23×10 -6 ,,w(V)/w(Y)26, 

具有大陆边缘型硅质岩的特征 . 大部分样品 

的稀土元素 w(Ce)/w(Ce*) 为 1.02 ~ 1.47, 

w(La)N/w(Ce)N 为 0.75~1.07, 为大陆边缘 

型硅质岩 , 仅一件样品的稀土元素具有大洋 

盆地硅质岩的特征 . 对放射虫硅质岩地球化 

学特征以及浊积岩、玄武岩岩石组合的研 

究表明鲜水河断裂带在中三叠世拉丁期处 

于强烈裂陷阶段 . 

2006020510 

在 Eckelsheim 附近 Steigerberg 地点的 

Alzey 组 : 一个海侵海岸系统的沉积、层序 

地层和生物地层研究 = Die Alzey-Formation 

(Rupelium, Mainzer Becken) am Steigerberg 

bei Eckelsheim: Sedimentologische, 

sequenzstratigraphische 

und 

biostratigraphische Untersuchungen eines 

transgressiven Kustensystems. ( 德文 ). Grimm 

151

K I; Grimm M C. Geologica et 

Palaeontologica, 2005, 39(): 79-108 

The sedimentation started with three foreshore 

bars each formed by prograding gravel 

units. The gravel bars were separated by 

runnels with intercalated debris flows, from 

the talus deposits of the Steigerberg detritus 

mantle and from a rhyolite cliff. The top of the 

gravel bar successions corresponds to the 

conspicuous basin-wide recognised cliff 

abrasion plain 1. Biostratigraphic 

investigations show the correlation with a 

basin-wide transgression cycle, visible 

elsewhere in the Upper Rhinegraben area. At 

the end of the transgression, a new regression 

with a sea-level fall of about 12 m took place 

and formed an additional erosional gap. finally, 

a further transgressional interval led to a 

continous sea-level rise of about 37 m up to 

the top of the Steigerberg. There, the basinwide 

visible abrasion plain 2 was formed. 

2006020511 

申扎县幅地质调查新成果及主要进展 = 

New results and major progress in regional 

geological survey of the Xainza County Sheet. 

( 中文 ). 李才 ; 程立人 ; 王天武 ; 武世忠 ; 张予杰 ; 

翟庆国 . 地质通报 , 2004, 23(5-6): 479-483 

测制了目前藏北地区最为完整的申扎扎 

扛古生界剖面 , 发现了早奥陶世阿雷尼格期 

的笔石动物群 , 确定该动物群属于西藏已知 

层位最低、时代最早的动物群 , 建立了下奥 

陶统扎扛组 (O 1 z). 在下二叠统下拉组之上发 

现了一套逾 24O0m 的白云质岩石 , 产 

Waagenophyllum-Liangshanophyllum- 

Lobatophllum 组合 , 时代为晚二叠世吴家坪 

期 , 并建立上二叠统木纠错组 (P 3 m). 在冈底 

斯地区新发现印支期巨斑花岗闪长岩 ( 锆石 

U-Pb 年龄 217Ma), 提供了古冈底斯存在的 

重要信息 . 查明查藏错 - 申扎南北向裂陷带南 

北向长超过 100kn、宽 6750~12500m, 平面 

呈折线状 ; 根据地质依据和沉积物定年研 

究 ,130 ka 以来裂陷盆地东西向扩张数率为 

北部 51.9 mm/a、南部 94.2mm/a. 

2006020512 

多巴区幅地质调查新成果及主要进展 = 


geological survey of the Toiba District Sheet. 

( 中文 ). 曲永贵 ; 王永胜 ; 张树岐 ; 王忠恒 ; 吕鹏 ; 

段建祥 . 地质通报 , 2004, 23(5-6): 492 2 图版 . 

在地层古生物、蛇绿岩、生态环境、矿 

产资源等方面取得了丰硕成果 . 主要有 : 中奥 

陶世北方大陆珠角石动物群的发现为研究 

这一地区早古生代的构造属性提供了重要 

资料 ; 准确地确定了区内奥陶系与志留系的 

界线 ; 发现了目前国内发育最完整的志留系 

生物地层剖面之一 , 并将区内的志留系划分 

为 4 个统 ; 新建多布日组、日拉组、康曲 

组、余穷组、索尔碎屑岩等岩石地层单位 ; 

晚三叠世多布日组底部沉积不整合的发现 , 

证明存在印支运动 ; 永珠蛇绿岩带上大规模 

席状岩墙群的发现 , 证明有海底扩张存在 , 另 

据同位素测年和生物资料 , 确定永珠蛇绿岩 

带的形成时代为中侏罗世 — 早白垩世 . 

2006020513 

邦多区幅、措麦区幅地质调查新成果及主 

要进展 = New results and major progress in 

regional geological survey of the Boindoi 

District and Comai sheets. ( 中文 ). 谢国刚 ; 邹 

爱建 ; 袁建芽 ; 李晓勇 ; 廖思平 ; 唐峰林 ; 黄传冠 ; 

陈振华 ; 徐祖丰 . 地质通报 , 2004, 23(5-6): 

498 1 图版 . 

查证测区内发育晚二叠世敌布错组 , 将原 

中侏罗世达雄群修定为二叠纪地层 , 完善与 

丰富了二叠纪地层系统 . 将原 " 木嘎岗日群 " 

修定为沙木罗组 . 获得了一批重要的古生物 

和同位素年龄资料 , 重新修定了班戈 - 八宿地 

层分区与隆格尔 - 南木林地层分区的界线 . 新 

发现晚白垩世中 - 基性杂岩、始新世造山型 

环斑花岗岩及新近纪白榴石响岩 . 新发现阿 

索构造混杂岩带和具特大型远景的富磁铁 

矿、具中型远景的铜多金属矿各 1 处 . 

2006020514 

措勤区幅地质调查新成果及主要进展 = 


geological survey of the Coq(e)n District 

Sheet. ( 中文 ). 江元生 ; 周幼云 ; 王明光 ; 彭波 ; 

徐天德 . 地质通报 , 2004, 23(5-6): 512-515 

新建上二叠统敌布错组 , 发现其中含有 

Noeggerthiop-Pterophyllum 混生植物群 , 并确 

定该组与下伏地层为角度不整合接触关系 . 

在冈底斯岩浆弧中新发现第四纪全新世火 

山岩 , 获取一批同位素定年资料 , 进一步丰富 

了冈底斯岩浆演化的时空格架 . 

2006020515 

赤布张错幅地质调查新成果及主要进展 = 


geological survey of the Chibuzhang Co Sheet. 

( 中文 ). 姚华舟 ; 段其发 ; 牛志军 ; 王建雄 ; 白云 

山 ; 甘金木 ; 魏君奇 ; 曾波夫 . 地质通报 , 2004, 

23(5-6): 530-537 3 图版 . 

152

于二叠纪 — 古近纪地层中发现动物化 

石、植物化石和孢粉多属多种。其中所有 

孢粉和植物化石在测区均为首次发现。发 

现软体动物并建立 1 新属 2 新种 

(Quemocuomegalodon orientus Yao Sha et 

Zhang, Q. longitatus Yao Sha et Zhang)。在 

藏北地区首次发现典型的古近纪双壳类化 

石 (Pisidium amnicum Müller)。在上三叠统 

中发现厚度超过 800m 的钙碱性岛弧型中酸 

性火山岩。岩浆侵入岩获得一批岩石化学 

资料和 21 个喜马拉雅期的同位素年龄数据 

(23~48Ma), 显示南部同碰撞、北部造山后 

拉张的特点。新近纪火山岩分布于测区北 

部 , 划分为 2 个喷发旋回 , 为板内裂谷活动的 

产物。发现中 — 晚侏罗世地层与晚三叠世 

地层的明显角度不整合接触面。查明了测 

区北部的二叠纪地层与上覆晚三叠世至侏 

罗纪地层为角度不整合接触。 

2006020516 

湖相碳酸盐岩高精度层序地层学探析 = 

Analysis of the high resolution sequence of 

lacustrine carbonate. ( 中文 ). 赵俊青 ; 夏斌 ; 纪 

友亮 ; 姜在兴 ; 张善文 . 沉积学报 , 2005, 23(4): 

646-656 

目前湖相碳酸盐岩是国内外沉积学研究 

的薄弱环节 . 应用层序地层学方法 , 以济阳坳 

陷沾化凹陷埕东地区沙一段的湖相碳酸盐 

岩为例 , 详细探讨湖相碳酸盐岩的层序地层 

学发育模式、层序地层单元划分级次以及 

控制因素等问题 , 重点对湖相碳酸盐岩准层 

序的类型、识别标志、形成机理以及对比 

模式进行了研究 . 研究表明 , 湖相碳酸盐岩可 

总结为陡坡和缓坡 2 种层序地层学发育模 

式 ; 其高精度层序地层单元可划分为层序、 

体系域、准层序组、准层序、微层序 5 级 ; 

准层序类型可划分为陡坡型、缓坡型和深 

洼型 3 大类和 L-M 型、滩坝型、滑塌型、 

深水蒸发型 4 小类 , 不同类型的准层序形成 

的主控因素各不相同 ; 准层序的对比模式可 

总结为陡坡突变和缓坡第变 2 种模式 , 在不 

同模式中准层序发生有规律的变化 . 

古地理学、古气候学 

2006020517 

根据硅藻种组合在古湖泊的漂移评价加拿 

大新不伦瑞克湖现代环境变化 = 

Assessment of recent environmental changes 

in New Brunswick (Canada) lakes based on 

paleolimnological shifts in diatom species 

assemblages. ( 英文 ). Harris M A; Cumming B 

F; Smol J P. Canadian Journal of 

Botany, 2006, 84(1): 151-163 

New Brunswick lakes are subjected to 

multiple environmental stressors, such as 

atmospheric acid deposition and climate 

change. In the absence of long-term 

environmental data, the impacts of these 

stressors are not well understood. Long-term 

effects of environmental change on diatom 

species assemblages were assessed in the 

sediments of 16 New Brunswick lakes using 

paleolimnological approaches. A regional 

trend of increasing Cyclotella stelligera Cleve 

& Gunrow and decreasing Aulacoseira species 

complex was recorded in most lakes. Detailed 

paleolimnological analyses of Wolfe, Cundy, 

and West Long lakes revealed varying degrees 

of species change, with assemblage shifts 

beginning ca. 1900 CE (common era).These 

species trends are not consistent with 

acidification. However, linear regression of 

mean July temperature with time for two New 

Brunswick historical instrumental temperature 

records revealed statistically significant 

warming over the past century. The shift from 

heavily silicified tychoplanktonic Aulacoseira 

species to small planktonic diatom species, 

such as C. stelligera, is consistent with 

paleolimnological inferences of warming 

trends recorded in several other lake regions 

of the Northern Hemisphere. These 

assemblage shifts are likely due to recent 

climate change and may be mediated by 

reduced ice cover and (or) increased thermal 

stability (decreased lake mixing) during the 

open water period. 

2006020518 

英国威尔士中部志留纪特列奇阶浊积盆地 

北部古地形学 = Palaeotopography of the 

northern portion of the Telychian (Silurian) 

turbidite basin in central Wales. ( 英文 ). James 

D M D. Geological Journal, 2005, 40(5): 593- 

601 

New palaeocurrent data from the country 

northeast and southwest of Cori-is (central 

Wales) indicate that Telychian sandstones in 

the Devil's Bridge Formation hereabouts were 

transported from both the northeast and 

northwest, consistent with topographical 

control by down-to-southeast movement on 

the Bala Lineament. This conclusion is 

supported by considerations of thickness 

variation and by evidence for listric 

detachment faulting in the formation at Bwlch 

y Groes. Towards Plynlimon, flow is broadly 

southerly and suggests confinement by the 

153

northward extension of the Bronnant Fault. A 

facies and palaeocurrent map is presented for 

the utilis sub-Biozone of the Telychian which 

links with work by the British Geological 

Survey between Aberyswyth and Rhayader 

where, by contrast, palaeoflow is to the NNW. 

2006020519 

西班牙哈恩东北部中伊比利亚带上奥陶 

统 — 下志留统海侵 — 海退旋回 = Upper 

Ordovician-Lower Silurian transgressiveregressive 

cycles of the central Iberian zone 

(NE Jaen, Spain). ( 英文 ). Rey J; Hidalgo M C; 

Martinez-Lopez J. Geological Journal, 2005, 

40(4): 477-495 

A thick Upper Ordovician shelf sequence 

was developed in the northern Gondwana 

margin (southernmost exposures of the 

Central Iberian Zone). Integrated 

sedimentologic and stratigraphic studies allow 

distinction between pedogenetic processes 

(Facies association Q, shoreline deposits 

(Facies association S), proximal to distal shelf 

(Facies association L, H-1, H-2, H-3) and 

outer shelf zone or open marine environments 

(Facies association M, Mo). The vertical 

distribution of facies is characterized by the 

presence of regressive high frequency 

sequences (partial shelf progradational 

sequences), affected by the presence of 

catastrophic phenomena (storms). These 

sequences, in turn, can be classified into 

higher-order transgressive (T)-regressive (R) 

cycles. Two second-order T-R megacycles 

(MC. Ord-2 and MC. Sil-1) limited by a major 

sequence boundary are identified. Traces of 

emersion (palaeokarsts and palaeosols) are 

detected along the sequence boundary, and 

these are related to the eustatic sea-level fall 

that occurred during the Ashgillian. 

The MC. Ord-2 and MC. Sil-1 megacycles 

extend respectively from the Middle Arenig to 

the Ashgillian and from Late Ashgillian to the 

Late Llandovery. Major transgressive peaks 

occurred at the Llanvirn and at the Middle 

Llandovery (Aeronian). The vertical 

distribution of the facies delineates successive 

genetically related units in relation to relative 

sea-level changes. Within the upper part of the 

first megacycle (MC. Ord-2) six third-order 

cycles are proposed (Lla-1, Car-1, Car-2, Car- 

3, Car-4, Ash-1), in which a transgressive and 

a regressive interval can be distinguished. 

Within the lower part of the second megacycle 

(MC. Sil-1) two transgressive-regressive thirdorder 

cycles are proposed (Lly-1, Lly-2). 

2006020520 

第一个二十亿年的古气候 = Palaeoclimates: 

the first two billion years. ( 英文 ). Kasting J F; 

Ono S. Philosophical Transactions of the 

Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2006, 

361(1470): 917 - 929 

Earth's climate during the Archaean remains 

highly uncertain, as the relevant geologic 

evidence is sparse and occasionally 

contradictory. Oxygen isotopes in cherts 

suggest that between 3.5 and 3.2Gyr ago (Ga) 

the Archaean climate was hot (55–85°C); 

however, the fact that these cherts have 

experienced only a modest amount of 

weathering suggests that the climate was 

temperate, as today. The presence of 

diamictites in the Pongola Supergroup and the 

Witwatersrand Basin of South Africa suggests 

that by 2.9Ga the climate was glacial. The 

Late Archaean was relatively warm; then 

glaciation (possibly of global extent) 

reappeared in the Early Palaeoproterozoic, 

around 2.3–2.4Ga. Fitting these climatic 

constraints with a model requires high 

concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 or CH 4 , or 

both. Solar luminosity was 20–25% lower 

than today, so elevated greenhouse gas 

concentrations were needed just to keep the 

mean surface temperature above freezing. A 

rise in O 2 at approximately 2.4Ga, and a 

concomitant decrease in CH 4 , provides a 

natural explanation for the Palaeoproterozoic 

glaciations. The Mid-Archaean glaciations 

may have been caused by a drawdown in H 2 

and CH 4 caused by the origin of bacterial 

sulphate reduction. More work is needed to 

test this latter hypothesis. 

2006020521 

最后冰期快速气候变化的年代学 = 

Chronology of fast climatic changes during 

the last glacial period. ( 法文 ). Bard E;Rostek 

F; Ménot-Combes G. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(1-2): 13-19 

The history of the glacial climate is 

punctuated by events occurring at the scale of 

a human life. They are characterised by 

temperature changes of large amplitude, 

simultaneously in Greenland and the North 

Atlantic. These events affected not only the 

surface hydrology, but also the deep 

circulation of this oceanic basin. A by-product 

of the obvious correspondence between 

Dansgaard–Oeschger and Heinrich in the 

polar ice and marine sediments is to allow, by 

correlation, the construction of a calendar 

chronology for the marine records. This 

154

chronostratigraphic approach was validated by 

means of radiocarbon dating of deep-sea 

sediments raised on the Iberian Margin. Our 

study also contributes to the international 

effort of calibration of the radiocarbon time 

scale by providing significant results in the 

interval between 33000 and 41000 years 

calendar BP. 

2006020522 

第四纪大气候变化的天文学起因 = 

Astronomical origin of the large climatic 

variations during the Quaternary. ( 法文 ). 

Berger A. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 

5(1-2): 21-26 

The astronomical theory of palaeoclimates 

aims at explaining the recurrence of glacial– 

interglacial cycles during the Quaternary. It is 

based upon the long-term variations of the 

latitudinal and seasonal distributions of the 

energy that the Earth receives from the Sun. 

The response of the climate system to this 

forcing has been simulated by means of the 

Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium) model of 

intermediate complexity. This model 

reproduces the main climatic features of the 

last 3 Myr: the entrance into glaciation 

2.75 Myr ago; the obliquity cycles from Late 

Pliocene to Early Pleistocene; the emergence 

of the 100-kyr cycle 900 kyr ago, the glacial– 

interglacial cycles of the last 600 kyr, and the 

climatic variations of the last 200 kyr. In 

addition to the role played by insolation and 

greenhouse gases, the model stresses the 

importance of the feedbacks related to the 

water vapour, the planetary albedo, the 

vegetation, the inlandsis and the isostatic rise. 

Moreover, the analysis of the Quaternary 

climate has shown that Marine Isotopic Stage 

11, 400 000 years ago, was the best analogue 

of our Holocene. Simulations and sensitivity 

analyses show that our interglacial will last 

much longer than most of the others, even 

without taking into account the impact of 

human activities on the climate 

2006020523 

古气候与气候作用原理 = Paléoclimats et 

mécanismes climatiques. ( 法文 ). Labeyrie J. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2006, 5(1-2): 27-34 

Two mechanisms are described here, which 

generated the two main types of 

palaeoclimates – warm and cold – having 

affected the whole Earth from the post- 

Mesozoic cooling and the creation of the Gulf 

Stream (the latter having imposed alternations 

of warm periods and glaciations in the 

Northern Hemisphere since the Pliocene times. 

2006020524 

过去的百万年间热带非洲气候和水文变化 

= Climate and hydrological changes in 

tropical Africa during the past million years. 

( 英文 ). Gasse F. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2006, 5(1-2): 35-43 

Tropical African climate has oscillated 

between markedly wetter and drier conditions 

on all timescales in response to global climate 

disturbances. A step-like increase in aridity 

over the past 3 Ma has been primarily paced 

by orbital cycles coupled with the onset and 

amplification of high-latitude glacial cycles. 

On the 10 4 –10 3 -ka timescales, observed 

changes imply interactions between insolation, 

sea-surface conditions and vegetation. Highfrequency 

variations could be linked to 

oscillations in major atmospheric circulation 

modes, in solar output, or to major volcanic 

events. 

2006020525 

地中海地区更新世气候变化 = Climatic 

variations in the Mediterranean Region during 

the Pleistocene.. ( 英文 ). Paterne M. Comptes 


One peculiar feature of the Mediterranean 

Sea is the existence of numerous layers of 

dark pelagic sediments, rich in organic carbon, 

known as sapropels. They occurred during 

warm climatic periods as well as during cold 

and transitional periods since 7 Ma, and 

similar deposits were recognised from 

tectonically uplifted marine cliffs since 25 Ma. 

They attest brief periods of bottom water 

anoxia, attributed to a decrease in the 

Mediterranean Sea surface density and 

consequently a reduction of the Mediterranean 

Sea overturning. Such a decrease may be 

related either to huge floods of the Nile related 

to the intensity of the African monsoon or to a 

change of the precipitation–evaporation 

budget over the Mediterranean region. As 

precisely dated by orbital tuning, these events 

permit the attainment of a global time-scale of 

the geological record for the Late Neogene. 

前古生界 

2006020526 

皖南震旦系蓝田组沉积岩有机碳同位素记 

录 ( 英文 ) = Organic C-isotope variations in 

sedimentary rocks after Neoproterozoic 

155

glaciations, South China. ( 中文 ). 王金权 . 古 

生物学报 , 2004, 43(3): 424-432 

皖南地区震旦系蓝田组是新元古代冰期 

后形成的岩石地层 , 它的中下段以黑色页岩 

沉积为主 , 上段为白云质灰岩。黑色页岩段 

的分析结果表明 : 底部有机碳同位素数值较 

低 (δ 13 C org 平均值为 - 31.9‰) , 总有机碳 

(TOC) 和总有机氮 (TON) 含量处于较低值 ; 在 

底部之上 , 有机碳同位素数值缓慢升高 ( 从靠 

近底部的 - 32 .6‰ 升至顶部的 - 2 8.3‰) , 而 

TOC 和 TON 含量分别可达 17.7% 和 

2 .7‰。这一分析结果应归于冰后期在缺氧 

条件下大量有机质埋藏所致。可以推测 , 这 

种变化从一个侧面反映了新元古代全球性 

大冰期结束后气候变化和生物演化规律 : 冰 

期结束之后 , 海洋中的低等浮游藻类的底栖 

藻类在温暖气候条件下得以繁盛 , 伴随着这 

些还原性有机碳的沉积并大量进入岩石圈 

中 , 藻类光合作用产生的氧气进入大气圈 , 可 

能正是由于有机碳的沉积导致的氧气含量 

升高促使了真核多细胞生物在此之后得到 

了大发展。蓝田组上段白云质灰岩分析结 

果表明 : 有机碳同位素和无机碳同位素分别 

呈现出较强的负漂移 (δ 13 C org :- 2 6 .8‰—- 

35 .3‰;δ 13 C carb :- 8.5‰—- 10 .2‰) , 而总有 

机碳 (TOC) 含量呈现明显降低趋势。这一变 

化趋势可能主要归之于沉积有机质的氧化 

作用。可以推测 , 随着新元古代全球性大冰 

期结束后气候变暖 , 海洋藻类大量繁殖 , 藻类 

的光合作用产生大量的 O 2 , 海水中 

O 2 /CO 2 比值上升 , 海洋沉积环境由缺氧逐 

渐向富氧条件转化。 

2006020527 

吉辽徐淮地区新元古代地层对比格架 = The 

Neoproterozoic stratigraphic correlation 

framework in the Jilin-Liaoning-Xuzhou- 

Huaiyang area. ( 中文 ). 刘燕学 ; 旷红伟 ; 孟祥 

化 ; 葛铭 ; 蔡国印 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 

386-396; 404 

根据层序地层学最大海泛 ,Sr、C 同位素 

测年 , 地质事件 , 生物化石和古地磁资料对吉 

辽徐淮地区新元古代地层进行了时代界定 

和对比。研究表明吉辽徐淮地区震旦纪海 

平面变化趋势基本一致 , 旋回层序基本上可 

以对比 , 其沉积主体除辽南兴民村组和淮北 

史家组的 2 个数据小于 750Ma 之外 , 相互之 

间的 Sr、C 同位素比值对比性很好 , 沉积时 

限在 750—860Ma 之间 , 为北方青白口系之 

后的沉积。吉南的八道江组、辽南的十三 

里台组和徐淮的魏集组可作为三地的对比 

标志 , 并提出了新的地层对比方案。 

2006020528 

中扬子区上震旦统层序地层研究 = Study on 

sequence stratigraphy in Upper Sinian Series 

in mid-Yangtze area. ( 中文 ). 周雁 ; 陈洪德 ; 王 

成善 ; 金之钧 ; 汤良杰 ; 王正元 ; 梁西文 . 成都理 

工大学学报 , 2004, 31(1): 53-58 

以中扬子区上震旦统为对象 , 研究了层序 

界面和体系域特点 , 分析了层序样式的基本 

类型及其特征 , 共划分出 2 个二级层序 ,8 个 

三级层序 . 陡山沱组划分了 1 个二级层序 

(SS1), 四个三级层序 (ZSQ1~ZSQ4), 平均延 

时 12.5 Ma; 体系域颜色普遍较深 , 泥质含量 

较高 , 是一套良好的烃源岩 ;T 型样式和 H 型 

样式为主 , 并且 T 型样式较多 , 反映陡山沱期 

水体较浅 . 灯影组划分出 1 个二级层序 (SS2), 

四个三级层序 (ZSQ5~ZSQ8), 平均延时约 

20Ma; 体系域颜色普遍较浅 , 云质含量较高 , 

是一套良好的储集层 ;T 型样式和 H 型样式 

为主 , 并且 H 型样式较多 , 反映灯影期水体也 

较浅 . 二级层序体系域和三级层序体系域都 

表现出明显的南北向差异性 . 

2006020529 

辽南与苏皖北部新元古代地层 Sr 和 C 同位 

素对比及年龄界定 = Sr and C isotopic 

correlation and the age boundary 

determination for the Neoproterozoic in the 

southern Liaoning and northern Jiangsunorthern 

Anhui Provinces. ( 中文 ). 郑文武 ; 杨 

杰东 ; 洪天求 ; 陶仙聪 ; 王宗哲 . 高校地质学 

报 , 2004, 10(2): 165-178 

采用 Sr, C 同位素地层学方法 , 对苏皖北 

部和辽南地区新元古代地层中碳酸盐岩进 

行了系统的采样和测试 , 并将其测试结果 

与新元占代海水 Sr, C 同位素组成演变曲线 

相比较 , 试图从中获得研究区有关地层自 

然层序、形成时限范围及其有关同位素年 

龄数据取舍等方面新的信息。研究结果表 

明 , 研究区的新元古代淮南群、徐淮群、 

宿县群和细河群、五行山群、金县群等 , 

均形成于南沱冰期或 Sturtian 冰期之前 , 为 

900~700 Ma。并且进一步印证了淮南生物 

群应该属于前伊迪卡拉期的一次重要的生 

物大爆发。 

2006020530 

吉南珍珠门组的解体与古一中元古界层序 

的重建 = The disintergration of the 

Zhenzhumen Formation and the 

156

econstruction of the paleo-middle Proterozoic 

Group. ( 中文 ). 邵建波 ; 范继璋 . 吉林大学学 

报 ( 地球科学版 ), 2004, 34(2): 161-166 

辽东吉南是我国古一中元古界发育最好 

的地区之一 , 但两省古一中元古界地层划 

分方案并不一致 , 使两省古一中元古界地 

层无法对比。通过岩石组合、构造变形、 

地球化学、年代及生物地质特征的对比发 

现 I、Ⅱ 区镁质大理岩是在不同地质时期、 

不同大地构造环境下形成的。I 区时代为中 

元古代 ,Ⅱ 区时代为古元古代。对吉南古 

一中元古界层序进行了重新划分。中元古 

界划分为大红峪组和高于庄组。古元古界 

划分为集安群、临江群、大栗子群。 

2006020531 

从一个太古代火山岩 - 侵入岩 - 沉积序列的复 

杂构造 - 地层建造重建事件地层 : 西澳大利 

亚东 Goldfields 超级地体 Boorara 域 = 

Reconstructing the event stratigraphy from the 

complex structural – stratigraphic architecture 

of an Archaean volcanic – intrusive – 

sedimentary succession: the Boorara Domain, 

Eastern Goldfields Superterrane, Western 

Australia. ( 英文 ). Trofimovs J; Davis B K; 

Cas R A F; Barley M E; Tripp G I. Australian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2006, 53(2): 303 - 

327 

Two main deformational phases are 

recognised in the Archaean Boorara Domain 

of the Kalgoorlie Terrane, Eastern Goldfields 

Superterrane, Yilgarn Craton, Western 

Australia, primarily involving south-overnorth 

thrust faulting that repeated and 

thickened the stratigraphy, followed by eastnortheast 

– west-southwest shortening that 

resulted in macroscale folding of the 

greenstone lithologies. The domain preserves 

mid-greenschist facies metamorphic grade, 

with an increase to lower amphibolite 

metamorphic grade towards the north of the 

region. As a result of the deformation and 

metamorphism, individual stratigraphic 

horizons are difficult to trace continuously 

throughout the entire domain. Volcanological 

and sedimentological textures and structures, 

primary lithological contacts, petrography and 

geochemistry have been used to correlate 

lithofacies between fault-bounded structural 

blocks. The correlated stratigraphic sequence 

for the Boorara Domain comprises quartzofeldspathic 

turbidite packages, overlain by 

high-Mg tholeiitic basalt (lower basalt), 

coherent and clastic dacite facies, intrusive 

and extrusive komatiite units, an overlying 

komatiitic basalt unit (upper basalt), and at the 

stratigraphic top of the sequence, 

volcaniclastic quartz-rich turbidites. 

Reconstruction of the stratigraphy and 

consideration of emplacement dynamics has 

allowed reconstruction of the emplacement 

history and setting of the preserved sequence. 

This involves a felsic, mafic and ultramafic 

magmatic system emplaced as high-level 

intrusions, with localised emergent volcanic 

centres, into a submarine basin in which active 

sedimentation was occurring. 

2006020532 

古细菌的起源和演变 : 艺术状态 = The 

origin and evolution of Archaea: a state of the 

art. ( 英文 ). Gribaldo S; Brochier-Armanet C. 



361(1470): 1007 - 1022 

Environmental surveys indicate that the 

Archaea are diverse and abundant not only in 

extreme environments, but also in soil, oceans 

and freshwater, where they may fulfil a key 

role in the biogeochemical cycles of the planet. 

Archaea display unique capacities, such as 

methanogenesis and survival at temperatures 

higher than 90°C, that make them crucial for 

understanding the nature of the biota of early 

Earth. Molecular, genomics and phylogenetics 

data strengthen Woese's definition of Archaea 

as a third domain of life in addition to Bacteria 

and Eukarya. Phylogenomics analyses of the 

components of different molecular systems are 

highlighting a core of mainly vertically 

inherited genes in Archaea. This allows 

recovering a globally well-resolved picture of 

archaeal evolution, as opposed to what is 

observed for Bacteria and Eukarya. This may 

be due to the fact that no rapid divergence 

occurred at the emergence of present-day 

archaeal lineages. This phylogeny supports a 

hyperthermophilic and non-methanogenic 

ancestor to present-day archaeal lineages, and 

a profound divergence between two major 

phyla, the Crenarchaeota and the 

Euryarchaeota, that may not have an 

equivalent in the other two domains of life. 

Nanoarchaea may not represent a third and 

ancestral archaeal phylum, but a fast-evolving 

euryarchaeal lineage. Methanogenesis seems 

to have appeared only once and early in the 

evolution of Euryarchaeota. Filling up this 

picture of archaeal evolution by adding 

presently uncultivated species, and placing it 

back in geological time remain two essential 

goals for the future. 

157

古生界 

2006020533 

意大利西西里 Lercara 组蜓类和钙球的再 

沉积的地质意义 = Reworking of fusulinids 

and calcisphaerids in the Lercara Formation 

(Sicily, Italy); geological implications. ( 英文 ). 

Lucia Carcione L;Vachard D; Martini R; 

Zaninetti L; Abate B;Cicero G L; Montanari L. 


Different fusulinids have been identified in 

the Lercara Formation (Sicily). They are: 

Reichelina sp., Schubertella paramelonica, 

Toriyamaia (?) sp., Neofusulinella lantenoisi, 

Yangchienia compressa, Rauserella staffi, 

Darvasites contractus, Chalaroschwagerina 

(Taiyuanella?) aff. davalensis, Levenella aff. 

evoluta, Pamirina darvasica, and 

Neoschwagerina ex gr. craticulifera. Small 

Permian foraminifers, as well as the 

calcispherid Asterosphaera pulchra also exist. 

The microfossils indicate reworking of 

different Permian stages, at different periods 

of time, and possibly also of the Mississippian 

(Early Carboniferous). All these resediments 

have been deposited within the Lercara 

Formation, a series definitely belonging to the 

Triassic period. Therefore, due to this 

reworking, Sicily appears as a controversial 

area for establishing biostratigraphic and 

palaeobiogeographic correlations in the 

Permian period. 

2006020534 

澳大利亚新英格兰奥罗根南部南 

Tamworth 带石炭系至下二叠统地层 : 

Werrie 和 Rouchel 地块界线附近的层序 = 

Carboniferous to Lower Permian stratigraphy 

of the southern Tamworth Belt, southern New 

England Orogen, Australia: Boundary 

sequences of the Werrie and Rouchel blocks. 

( 英文 ). Roberts J; Offler R; Fanning M. 

Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2006, 

53(2): 249 - 284 

Carboniferous to Lower Permian 

successions along the western border of the 

Tamworth Belt between Wallabadah and 

Muswellbrook were remapped to clarify the 

stratigraphy and establish a boundary between 

the Werrie and Rouchel blocks. The boundary, 

located at the Waverley Fault, separates 

Carboniferous sequences containing different 

formations and volcanic members. SHRIMP 

AS3 dating of volcanic members indicates that 

successions within the Rouchel and Gresford 

blocks were deposited, uplifted and eroded at 

different times. The lacustrine Woodton 

Formation in the Werrie block, previously 

considered Carboniferous, is earliest Permian 

(Asselian) from palaeobotanical and SHRIMP 

AS3 evidence. Stratigraphic and 

palaeoenvironmental differences between the 

Werrie and Rouchel blocks suggest that they 

were not directly juxtaposed during the greater 

part of the Carboniferous, supporting 

palaeomagnetic evidence that blocks within 

the Tamworth Belt are allochthonous. 

Superposition of the western extremity of the 

Waverley Fault by Lower Permian (Sakmarian) 

formations and intrusion of folded and faulted 

Devonian to Lower Permian successions by 

the Barrington Tops Granodiorite (ca 280 Ma) 

indicate that the Werrie, Rouchel and Gresford 

blocks were subjected to tectonism before the 

Late Permian Hunter – Bowen Orogeny. 

2006020535 

阿根廷圣胡安前科迪勒拉塔拉卡斯图山脉 

志留纪牙形刺 — 笔石生物地层 = Conodontgraptolite 

biostratigraphy of the Silurian at 

Talacasto Range, San Juan Precordillera, 

Argentina. ( 其他 ). Albanesi G L; Ortega G; 

Hunicken M A. Ameghiniana, 2006, 43(1): 

93-112 

Present contribution aims to taxonomic, 

biostratigraphic, and paleoenvironmental 

studies of new conodont and graptolite 

collections from the Silurian La Chilca and 

Los Espejos formations, which crop out in the 

Ancha Creek, at Talacasto Range, Central 

Precordillera of San Juan Province. Graptolite 

species recovered from the upper part of the 

La Chilca Formation represent the upper 

Llandovery Series (Telychian Stage). 

Conodonts from carbonate coquinas with 

Saetograptus argentinus (Cuerda), of the 

middle-upper Los Espejos Formation, allow 

us to determine the Kockelella variabilis 

variabilis Zone from the lower Ludlow 

(Gorstian). The Silurian sequence 

paraconformably overlies the San Juan 

Formation, whose upper limestones yielded 

conodonts from the Lenodus variabilis Zone 

(uppermost Arenig - lowermost Llanvirn, 

Middle Ordovician). The studied section 

develops up to the Lower Devonian shales that 

paraconformably overlies the Silurian 

sequence. The conodont association recorded 

in the Los Espejos Formation suggests a 

correspondence with the Linde Event, which 

occurred between two consecutive stable 

episodes. Isolated conodonts from this unit 

show a CAI 3, which indicates overburden 

paleotemperatures of 110-20 ℃. 

158

2006020536 

奥陶纪 - 志留纪界线处的相发育、沉积环境 

和层序地层 : 捷克共和国 Barrandian 地区 

的新观察 = Facies development, depositional 

settings and sequence stratigraphy across the 

Ordovician-Silurian boundary: a new 

perspective from the Barrandian area of the 

Czech Republic. ( 英文 ). Storch P. Geological 

Journal, 2006, 41(2): 163-192 

The Hirnantian and Llandovery 

sedimentary succession of the Barrandian area 

has been assigned to middle and outer clasticshelf 

depositional settings, respectively. 

Deposition was influenced by the remote 

Gondwanan glaciation and subsequent, longpersisting, 

post-glacial anoxia triggered by a 

current-driven upwelling system. Highresolution 

graptolite stratigraphy, based upon 

19 formally defined biozones - largely interval 

zones-and five subzones, enabled a detailed 

correlation between 42 surface sections and 

boreholes, and enabled linking of the 

sedimentary record, graptoloid fauna 

dynamics, organic-content fluctuations and 

spectral gamma-ray curves. The Hirnantian 

and Llandovery succession has been 

subdivided into four biostratigraphically dated 

third-order sequences (units 1-4). Time-spatial 

facies distribution recorded early and late 

Himantian glacio-eustatic sea-level lowstands 

separated by a remarkable mid-Hirnantian rise 

in sea-level. A major part of the post-glacial 

sea-level rise took place within the late 

Hirnantian. The highstand of Unit 2 is 

apparently at the base of the Silurian 

succession. Short-term relative sea-level 

drawdown and a third-order sequence 

boundary followed in the early Rhuddanian 

upper acuminatus Zone. Early Aeronian and 

late Telychian sea-level highstands and late 

Aeronian drawdown of likely eustatic origin 

belong to units 3 and 4. Sea-level rise 

culminated in the late Telychian, which may 

also be considered as a highstand episode of a 

second-order Himantian-early Silurian cycle. 

Facies and sequence-stratigraphic analysis 

supports recent interpretations on nappe 

structures in the core part of the Ordovician- 

Middle Devonian Prague Synform of the 

Barrandian. 

2006020537 

密西西比亚系 ( 上维宪阶 ) 有孔虫、牙形 

类、小孢子和菊石生物带的对比以及与爱 

尔兰西北部 Asbian-Brigantian 界线对比 = 

Correlation of Mississippian (Upper Visean) 

foraminiferan, conodont, miospore and 

ammonoid zonal schemes, and correlation 

with the Asbian-Brigantian boundary in 

northwest Ireland. ( 英文 ). Cozar P; 

Somerville I D; Mitchell W I; Medina-Varea P. 


The microbiota of the upper Visean 

(Asbian-Brigantian) rocks in the Lough Allen 

Basin in northwest Ireland is analysed. The 

Middle Mississippian sequence studied 

extends from the upper part of the Dartry 

Limestone/Bricklieve Limestone formations 

of the Tyrone Group to the Carraun Shale 

Formation of the Leitrim Group. The rocks 

have been traditionally dated by ammonoid 

faunas representing the B-2a to P-2c subzones. 

The Meenymore Formation (base of the 

Leitrim Group) also contains conodont faunas 

of the informal partial-range Mestognathus 

bipluti zone. The upper Brigantian Lochriea 

nodosa Conodont Zone was recognized by 

previous authors in the middle of the Carraun 

Shale Formation (Ardvarney Limestone 

Member), where it coincides with upper 

Brigantian ammonoids of the Lusitanoceras 

granosus Subzone (P-2a). Foraminifera and 

algae in the top of the Dartry Limestone 

Formation are assigned to the upper Cf6 

gamma Foraminifera Subzone (highest 

Asbian), whereas those in the Meenymore 

Formation belong to the lower Cf6 delta 

Foraminifera Subzone (lower Brigantian). The 

Dartry Limestone Formation-Meenymore 

Formation boundary is thus correlated with 

the Asbian-Brigantian boundary in northwest 

Ireland. For the first time, based on new data, 

a correlation between the ammonoid, 

miospore, foraminiferan and conodont zonal 

schemes is demonstrated. The foraminiferans 

and algae, conodonts and ammonoids are 

compared with those from other basins in 

Ireland, northern England, and the German 

Rhenish Massif. Historically, the Asbian- 

Brigantian boundary has been correlated with 

several levels within the P-1a Ammonoid 

Subzone. However, the new integrated 

biostratigraphical data indicate that the 

Asbian-Brigantian boundary in northwest 

Ireland is probably located within the B-2a 

Ammonoid Subzone and the NM Miospore 

Zone, but the scarcity of ammonoids in the 

Tyrone Group precludes an accurate 

placement of that boundary within this 

subzone. Copyright (C) 2006 John Wiley & 

Sons, Ltd. 

159

2006020538 

爱尔兰克莱尔郡布林地区上维宪统灰岩生 

物地层、微相和沉积环境 = Biostratigraphy, 

microfacies and depositional environments of 

upper Visean limestones from the Burren 

region, County Clare, Ireland. ( 英文 ). 

Gallagher S J; Macdermott C V; Somerville I 

D;Pracht M; Sleeman A G. Geological 

Journal, 2006, 41(1): 61-91 

The Burren region in western Ireland 

contains an almost continuous record of 

Visean (Middle Mississippian) carbonate 

deposition extending from Chadian to 

Brigantian times, represented by three 

formations: the Chadian to Holkerian Tubber 

Formation, the Asbian Burren Formation and 

the Brigantian Slievenaglasha Formation. The 

upper Visean (Holkerian-Brigantian) platform 

carbonate succession of the Burren can be 

subdivided into six distinct depositional units 

outlined below. (1) An Holkerian to lower 

Asbian unit of skeletal peloidal and bryozoan 

bedded limestone. (2) Lower Asbian unit of 

massive light grey Kamaenella-rich limestone, 

representing a shallower marine facies. (3) 

Upper Asbian terraced limestone unit with 

minor shallowing-upward cycles of poorly 

bedded Kamaenella-rich limestone with shell 

bands and palaeokarst features. This unit is 

very similar to other cyclic sequences of late 

Asbian age in southern Ireland and western 

Europe, suggesting a glacio-eustatic origin for 

this fourth-order cyclicity. (4) Lower 

Brigantian unit with cyclic alternations of 

crinoidal/bryozoan limestone and peloidal 

limestone with coral thickets. These cycles 

lack evidence of subaerial exposure. (5) 

Lower Brigantian bedded cherty dark grey 

limestone unit, deposited during the maximum 

transgressive phase of the Brigantian. (6) 

Lower to upper Brigantian unit mostly 

comprising cyclic bryozoan/crinoidal cherty 

limestone. In most areas this youngest unit is 

truncated and unconformably overlain by 

Serpukhovian siliciclastic rocks. Deepening 

enhanced by platform-wide subsidence 

strongly influenced later Brigantian cycle 

development in Ireland, but localized rapid 

shallowing led to emergence at the end of the 

Brigantian. A Cf5 Zone (Holkerian) 

assemblage of microfossils is recorded from 

the Tubber Formation at Black Head, but in 

the Ballard Bridge section the top of the 

formation has Cf6 Zone (Asbian) 

foraminiferans. A typical upper Asbian 

Rugose Coral Assemblage G near the top of 

the Burren Formation is replaced by a lower 

Brigantian Rugose Coral Assemblage H in the 

Slievenaglasha Formation. A similar change in 

the foraminiferans and calcareous algae at this 

Asbian-Brigantian formation boundary is 

recognized by the presence of upper Asbian 

Cf6 gamma Subzone taxa in the Burren 

Formation including Cribrostomum lecomptei, 

Koskinobigenerina sp., Bradyina rotula and 

Howchinia bradyana, and in the 

Slievenaglasha Formation abundant 

Asteroarchaediscus spp., Neoarchaediscus spp. 

and Fasciella crustosa of the Brigantian Cf6 

delta Subzone. The uppermost beds of the 

Slievenaglasha Formation contain a rare and 

unusual foraminiferal assemblage containing 

evolved archaediscids close to tenuis stage 

indicating a late Brigantian age. 

2006020539 

阿根廷胡胡伊东方科迪勒拉提尔卡拉 

Alfarcito 地区特马豆克阶 Alfarcito 组和 

Rupasca 组牙形石和笔石动物群第一部 

分 : 生物地层 = Conodont and graptolite 

faunas from the Alfarcito and Rupasca 

Formations (Tremadocian) from the Alfarcito 

area, Tilcara, Oriental Cordillera of Jujuy, 

Argentina. Part 1: Biostratigraphy. ( 其他 ). 

Zeballo F J; Albanesi G L; Ortega G. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(1): 39-46 

The conodont fauna corresponds to the 

Cordylodus angulatus and Paltodus deltifer 

zones (Paltodus deltifer pristinus Subzone), 

and graptolites represent Rhabdinopora 

flabelliformis flabelliformis (Eichwald). The 

conodonts recovered suggest a late early to 

early late Tremadocian age, and the graptolite 

species is the youngest representative of the 

group registered in the Eastern Cordillera up 

to date. A preliminary biostratigraphic scheme 

with mentioned biozones and associated 

trilobites is presented for the study area. The 

conodont fauna is similar to that of the 

Atlantic Realm, but it includes also some 

characteristic taxa of the Midcontinent Realm. 

This mixture of taxa, typical of northwestern 

Argentina, is assigned to the Transitional 

Faunal Realm. 

2006020540 

为中奥陶统底部建议的全球界线层型剖面 

和点 : 阿根廷圣胡安前科迪勒拉 Niquivil 

剖面 = A proposed Global Boundary 

Stratotype Section and Point for the base of 

the Middle Ordovician series: The Niquivil 

section, Precordillera of San Juan, Argentina. 

160

( 英文 ). Albanesi G L, Carrera M G; Canas F 

L; Saltzman M. Episodes, 2006, 29(1): 1-15 

The Niquivil section, Argentine 

Precordillera, fulfills most of the requirements 

for a Global Stratotype Section and Point 

(GSSP) for the base of the Middle Ordovician 

Series. It has excellent conodont 

biostratigraphy in a continuous succession of 

uniform lithology, is readily accessible, and 

the critical interval is not tectonically affected. 

The position of the Lower/Middle Ordovician 

Series boundary in the Central Precordillera is 

placed at the middle part of the San Juan 

Formation, an open-platform carbonate unit. 

The Niquivil section is proposed as a GSSP 

for the base of the Middle Ordovician, which 

is marked by the FAD of the conodont 

Cooperignathus aranda (Cooper). It occurs in 

level NCA, at the upper part of the Oepikodus 

evae Zone (overlapping uppermost records of 

O. evae in association with other guide 

species); i.e., 100.15 m above the base of the 

reference section. The auxiliary Pena Sombria 

section from northern Precordillera records 

graptolites of the lower (but not lowest) 

Middle Ordovician in the Isograptus victoriae 

maximus Zone, few meters above the 

proposed boundary biohorizon. The range of 

C. aranda can be correlated with the I. 

victoriae lunatus Zone up to the lower part of 

the Undulograptus austrodentatus Zone in 

diverse sections of the world. C. aranda 

presents cosmopolitan distribution and occurs 

in virtually all environments. The proposed 

GSSP preserves a carbon-isotope record that 

provides an auxiliary marker of potential 

global application. Radiometric dating of K- 

bentonite samples, interbedded with carbonate 

strata yielding lower records of C. aranda, 

were recovered from the auxiliary Talacasto 

section in Central Precordillera (469.8 +/- 2.3 

Ma, U-Pb SHRIMP dating). 

2006020541 

阿根廷前科迪勒拉和北美下 / 中奥陶统剖面 

的图解对比 = Graphic correlation of 

Argentine Precordillera and North American 

Lower/Middle Ordovician sections. ( 英文 ). 

Sweet W C; Albanesi G L. Episodes, 2006, 

29(1): 16-19 

Present work demonstrates that a level 

equivalent to the proposed Whiterockian basal 

GSSP can be located graphically in a 

composite section anchored by the Niquivil 

section of the Argentine Precordillera. The 

FAD of Cooperignathus aranda in the 

Niquivil composite section, a candidate for 

GSSP of the Lower/Middle Ordovician 

boundary, projects to a level very close to the 

FAD of Tripodus laevis in the Whiterockian 

reference section. The conodont-based 

framework reported here includes the potential 

for recognition of the proposed Whiterock 

Canyon-based GSSP, the Cooperignathus 

aranda-based GSSP, and, possibly, the 

Baltoniodus triangularis-based GSSP, recently 

proposed. 

中生界 

2006020542 

中更新世撞击事件对海洋环境的影响 — 南 

海 ODP 1144 站的高分辨率记录 = Mid- 

Pleistocene impact and marine environmental 

changes-a high-resolution record from ODP 

site 1144, South China Sea. ( 中文 ). 赵泉鸿 ; 翦 

知湣 ; 成鑫荣 ; 刘志飞 ; 徐建 ; 夏佩芬 . 微体古生 

物学报 , 2004, 21(2): 130-135 

本文对采自南海北部 ODP1144 站 (2 

0°3.18′N,117°25 .14′E, 水深 2 037m) 385.8— 

386.4 m 层段的 28 个沉积物样品进行了微 

玻陨石、浮游有孔虫及其同位素分析 , 以评 

估中更新世撞击事件对环境的影响。微玻 

陨石见于孔深 386.12—386.38m, 而集中分 

布在 386.22—386.25 m 厚约 3cm 的地层 

中。研究结果表明 , 中更新世撞击事件对环 

境的影响很可能只是小幅度和短时间 ( 百年 

左右 ) 的 , 尽管引起了南海表层海水温度约 

2°C 的下降及其相应的 δ 18 O 的加重、浮游 

有孔虫冷水种含量的上升和暖水种含量的 

减少 , 但没有造成海水稳定同位素重大偏移 

和全球气候的灾难性影响 , 也没有引起浮游 

有孔虫在生物演化上的变化。 

2006020543 

中国北方侏罗系 ( 第 4 分册 ) 祁连地层区 = 

Jurassic system in the North of China volume 

IV Qilian stratigraphic region. ( 中文 ). 赵应成 ; 

魏东涛 ; 马志强 ; 阎存凤 ; 刘永昌 ; 张海泉 ; 李在 

光 ; 袁生虎 . . Pages:239. 10 图版 . 石油工业出 

版社 .2003.7-5021-4025-5. 

在充分利用前人成果资料的基础上 , 在 

研究过程中采用了以岩石、生物、年代地 

层学为基础 , 以建立标准剖面为重点 , 以 

统层为主线 , 以解决油气勘探中面临的生 

产问题为目的 , 以理论上有所创新为关键 

的技术路线 , 分别从侏罗系划分对比 , 侏 

罗纪生物群特征及演化序列 , 侏罗纪古气 

候、古地理及油气形成古环境三方面开展 

了研究工作主。 

161

经过近 4 年的系统研究工作 , 对研究区 10 

多个沉积盆地的侏罗系露头和钻井剖面进 

行了野外勘测和现场描述 , 勘测剖面 53 

条 , 对 8 口探井的岩心进行了描述 , 采集 

古生物化石 1814 块 , 岩矿样品 284 块 ; 对 

古生物样品进行了分析鉴定 , 共计 1635 袋 

( 块 ), 其中孢粉 460 袋 , 植物 595 块 , 介形 

类 165 块 , 轮藻 165 袋 , 双壳类 105 块 , 

腹足类 15 块 , 昆虫 120 块 , 脊椎 10 块。 

2006020544 

中国北方侏罗系 ( 第 5 分册 ) 鄂尔多斯地层区 

= Jurassic system in the North of China 

Volume V Odros stratigraphic region. ( 中文 ). 

袁效奇 ; 傅智雁 ; 王喜富 ; 贺静 ; 解丽琴 ; 刘绥 

保 . . Pages:162. 28 图版 . 石油工业出版 

社 .2003.7-5021-4026-3. 

对鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系 6 条重要剖面进 

行了实地考察。对该盆地侏罗系分布特 

征、岩性岩相变化、生物群面貌和地层划 

分对比及一些长期悬而未决的地层问题有 

了进一步的认识。与前人的研究工作相 

比 , 取得了如下新的成果 : 

1) 根据区内各盆地动、植物化石群组合面 

貌 , 统一了研究区各盆地侏罗系划分对比 

方案和地质时代归属意见 , 并建立了相应 

的 18 个生物化石组合序列。 

2) 对六盘山盆地侏罗系及其与三叠系界线 

提出了新的划分、对比意见 , 将前人原归 

属于侏罗系的一套煤系地层 , 划归新建的 

上三叠统窑山组 , 新确定的侏罗系主要为 

一套不含煤的碎屑岩沉积 , 并以孢粉、植 

物化石为依据 , 结合岩矿特征 , 建立了中 

侏罗统石砚子组。 

3) 对鄂尔多斯盆地富县组的地层划分与对 

比提出了新的依据。 

4) 新发现 9 个门类的动物、植物化石 : 在 

鄂尔多斯盆地富县组发现数量较多的鱼类 

和介形类化石 , 延安组发现昆虫及腹足类 

化石 , 直罗组见到恐龙足迹化石 , 安定组 

获得龟鳖类和叶肢介化石 ; 在六盘山地区 

发现中侏罗世孢粉化石 ; 在巴彦浩特盆地 

钻孔剖面直罗组获较丰富的轮藻及介形 

类 , 芬芳河组发现轮藻、孢粉和少量介形 

类化石。从而为该区地层划分与对比及沉 

积环境的研究提供了重要依据。 

5) 利用孢粉和动物、植物化石资料对该区 

侏罗系古植被、古气候和古生态进行了研 

究 , 并探讨了古环境与油气生成的关系。 

2006020545 

中国北方侏罗系 ( 第 7 分册 ) 东北地层区 = 

Jurassic system in the North of China Volume 

VII The stratigraphic region of Northeast 

China. ( 中文 ). 许坤 ; 杨建国 ; 陶明华 ; 梁鸿德 ; 

赵传本 ; 李荣辉 ; 孔慧 ; 李瑜 ; 万传彪 ; 彭维松 . . 

Pages:261. 22 图版 . 石油工业出版社 .2003.7- 

5021-4028-X. 

本书是在充分利用前人资料 , 开展了大 

量的实际工作 , 并取得一系列进展的基础 

上总结而成的。这些工作主要包括 : 重新 

实测地层剖面 22 条 , 观察地层剖面 38 

条 , 研究钻井剖面 222 个 , 踏勘野外地质 

路线 140 条 ; 新分析鉴定古生物样品 5169 

块 , 其中 , 孢粉藻类样品 1957 块 , 介形 

类、轮藻样品 2227 块 , 植物、双壳类、腹 

足类、昆虫、鱼类、爬行类等大化石 985 

块 , 还分析了古地磁样品 1380 块 , 火山岩 

同位素地质年龄样品 366 块 , 岩石薄片 360 

块 ; 拍摄各类地质照片 1080 张。在研究过 

程中 , 总结了以往的经验 , 采取了多学科 

同时并举的方法。从多重地层研究出发 , 

广泛开展了岩石地层学、生物地层学、年 

代地层学、磁性地层学、事件地层学、地 

震地层学及层序地层学等综合研究 , 同时 

也考虑到地层界线的实用性 , 以地质发展 

阶段的各类界面作为地层划分的实用界 

线 , 较好地达到了各学科观点的统一。取 

得新的认识和成果主要有 : 

1) 新发现化石点 12 个、发现化石新属新种 

58 个 ; 

2) 对全区侏罗系进行了统一的划分与对 

比 , 建立了较系统的古生物组合序列及综 

合划分与对比标志 ; 

3) 确立了区内不同分区及其他地区间侏罗 

系的对比关系 ; 

4) 首次对内蒙古二连盆地侏罗系进行了系 

统划分 , 在侏罗系内新建了阿其图组、格 

日勒组、齐哈组、呼格吉勒图组、贺根山 

组等 5 个岩石地层单元 ; 

5) 在辽西地区首次运用多学科地层研究方 

法确立了侏罗系与白垩系界线 , 将该界线 

置于义县组的底界 ; 

6) 首次建立了中生代火山喷发时间剖面及 

中生代磁性地层剖面 ; 

7) 明确了辽西陆相与龙爪沟地区海陆交互 

相侏罗系、白垩系的对比关系 ; 

8) 对东北地层区的古地理、古气候、古生 

态进行了初步探讨 , 提出了有利的油气勘 

探目标。 

2006020546 

162

中国北方侏罗系 ( 第 2 分册 ) 古环境与油气 = 


II Palaeoenvironment and oil-gas source. ( 中 

文 ). 钟筱春 ; 赵传本 ; 杨时中 ; 沈后 . . 

Pages:201. 石油工业出版社 .2003.7-5021- 

3893-5. 

本书是继《中国北方含油气区白垩 

系》、《中国油气区第三系》研究之后 , 

以同样目的而完成的又一新的研究成果 , 

使生物地层这一基础性研究向古环境及其 

与油气形成关系方面延伸。 

本书所指的古环境是广义的 , 重点是与油 

气形成有关的构造环境、气候环境、沉积 

环境、生态环境、地理环境与生油环境 

等。地质历史时期的这种自然环境已不复 

存在 , 只能应用将今论古的方法 , 结合地 

质记录进行推测。因此 , 地层古生物资料 

是开展古环境研究的依据和前提 , 其最终 

目的是从古环境分析的角度探讨侏罗系油 

气生成的影响因素。 

研究内容分为三部分 , 即地层划分与对 

比、生物群研究及古气候和古地理研究 , 

前两部分内容在《中国北方侏罗系 (I) 地层 

总述》中 , 本书为后一部分研究成果总 

结。 

2006020547 

中国北方侏罗系 ( 第 6 分册 ) 华北地层区 = 


VI The stratigraphic region of North China. 

( 中文 ). 修申成 ; 姚益明 ; 陶明华 ; 谢献德 ; 孔凡 

军 ; 陈金 ; 华 ; 王蓉 ; 李经荣 ; 边雪梅 ; 崔俊峰 ; 何 

明喜 ; 吴健平 . . Pages:165. 18 图版 . 石油工业 

出版社 .2003.7-5021-4027-1. 

鉴于华北地层区各分区侏罗系盆地小、 

数量多、演化历史差异较大 , 以及研究单 

位多、研究程度不一 , 不同地区之间及同 

一地区不同研究时期的地层划分、对比方 

案均存在较大差异的特点 , 提出华北地层 

区侏罗系划分与对比研究的关键是如何建 

立各分区的地层层序、统一地层划分对比 

标准。为此 , 在各分区完成了野外标准剖 

面实测的基础上 , 于 1997 年 10 有组织了 

对鲁西南、豫西、豫南和皖北共 13 条典型 

剖面的野外踏勘与统层工作 , 通过现场对 

古生物特征、岩性特征、沉积相及地层接 

触界线的讨论 , 进一步明确了华北地层区 

侏罗系划分、对比的标志 , 统一了认识。 

先后系统观察和实测野外剖面 44 条 , 采集 

并分析露头样品 1588 块、钻孔岩心观察 94 

口井 , 分析井下样品 2019 块。上述工作量 

的投入 , 取得了丰富的基础地质资料。以 

此为基础开展了包括地层分区、各分区地 

层层序建立、生物群及组合序列、地层划 

分与对比、时代界线讨论、岩相古地理分 

析及侏罗系油气资源前景分析等综合研 

究 , 解决了长期以来困扰华北地层划分、 

对比及其与我国北方侏罗系间的对比问 

题。 

2006020548 

中国北方侏罗系 ( 第 1 分册 ) 地层总述 = 


I Stratum Introduction. ( 中文 ). 邓胜徽 ; 姚益 

明 ; 叶得泉 ; 陈丕基 ; 金帆 ; 张义杰 ; 许坤 ; 赵应成 ; 

袁效奇 ; 张师本 . . Pages:399. 105 图版 . 石油 

工业出版社 .2003.7-5021-3937-0. 

研究范围为昆仑 — 秦岭 — 大别山一线以 

北我国境内的北方地区 ; 研究目的层是侏 

罗系及其相关的顶、底界 ; 主要研究内容 

包括三个部分 , 即 “ 地层划分与对比 ”、“ 生 

物群研究 ”、和 “ 古气候与古地理研究 ”。本 

书包括了前两部分的研究结果 , 第三部分 

的内容在《中国北方侏罗系 (II) 古环境与油 

气》中。 

本次研究自 1996 年下半年开始 , 历时 4 年 

多 , 对中国北方的 60 个盆地的数以百计的 

露头和井下剖面开展了野外和室内研究 , 

对数以万计的标本及样品分析鉴定 , 取得 

了如下主要进展。1. 生物群研究 2. 非生物地 

层学研究 3. 地层划分与对比 4. 重要地层界 

线新依据 5. 岩性与岩相研究 6. 海相与海陆 

交互相研究 

2006020549 

钙质含量旋回在卡拉沙依组小层对比中的 

应用 = Application of calcareous content 

allocycles to mini-layer correlation of the 

Kalashayi Formation. ( 中文 ). 蒲仁海 ; 党晓红 ; 

张惠 ; 李艾红 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(3): 264- 

269 

塔河油田卡拉沙依组河道相砂岩油层夹 

于卡三段和卡四段的泛滥平原泥岩中 , 小层 

对比时缺乏时间 — 岩性标志层。研究发现 

该地层中钙质含量变化似乎反映出与三级 

海平面变化有关的异旋回特点 , 因而具等时 

意义。根据钙质含量引起的电阻率和自然 

伽玛测井曲线变化和旋回特征将卡三段、 

四段自上而下分为 5 个小层。各小层厚度 

一般在 80—100m 之间 , 小层界线在连井地 

震剖面上均标定在同一个同相轴上 , 也反映 

了等时性。含油气砂岩较薄的单层厚度 

163

(2—5m) 和河道微相类型决定了它们在横向 

上多为井间不连通的透镜状分布。 

2006020550 

中国吉林大拉子组的时代探讨 = Discussion 

on the geological age of the Dalazi Formation 

in Jilin Province, China. ( 中文 ). 张光富 . 地层 

学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 381-386 2 图版 . 

大拉子组是我国东北地区早白垩世的典 

型层位 , 但该组的具体地质年代一直存在不 

同的看法。根据最近发现的植物化石材料 , 

通过对大拉子组被子植物优势属的地质分 

布以及与国内外被子植物群的对比研究 , 发 

现大拉子组与北美 Potomac 带 ⅡB 中部的 

被子植物群较为相似 , 结合孢粉、昆虫、叶 

肢介、介形虫及鱼化石等其他生物化石证 

据 , 认为吉林大拉子组的地质时代很可能为 

阿尔必中期或晚期。 

2006020551 

风火山群的物质特征及时代讨论 = 

Characteristics of Fenghuoshan Group\'s 

material and its era discussion. ( 中文 ). 安勇胜 ; 

邓中林 ; 庄永成 . 西北地质 , 2004, 37(1): 63- 

68 

风火山群的时代问题 , 历来是各家争议的 

焦点 . 就目前的资料看 , 存在两种较大的认识 

分歧 . 一种认为风火山群的时代应属白垩纪 ; 

另一种认为风火山群的时代应属古近纪 . 通 

过 1:25 万区调填图和风火山群的地质特征 , 

上、下接触关系 , 地貌特征 , 变质特征 , 化石资 

料及侵入体的相对年龄资料等综合分析 , 笔 

者认为风火山群的时代应属晚白垩世 . 

2006020552 

西藏唐古拉山地区三叠纪沉积环境分析 = 

Analysis on Triassic sedimentary environment 

in Tanggulashan area,Tibet. ( 中文 ). 周家云 ; 

李勇 ; 李亚林 . 西北地质 , 2004, 37(2): 25-29 

三叠纪 , 西藏羌北 - 昌都地区为夹持于金沙 

江洋盆和班公湖 - 怒江洋盆之间的一个准地 

台区 . 而唐古拉地区则位于北羌塘东部边缘 

地区 , 东临昌都地区 , 是北羌塘和昌都地区的 

过渡区域 . 研究这一地区三叠纪地层沉积环 

境 , 可为进一步研究对比羌塘盆地与昌都地 

区地层沉积环境提供重要资料。 

2006020553 

法国西南部 Cherves-de-Cognac 地区 ‘ 波倍 

克阶 ’ 脊椎动物沉积 : 新的生物地层资料 = 

‘Purbeckian’ vertebrate deposit from Chervesde-Cognac 

(SW France): new 

biostratigraphical data. ( 英文 ). Colin J-P; El 

Albani A; Fursich F T; Martin-Closas C ; 

Mazin J-M; Billon-Bruyat J-P. Comptes 


The Purbeckian facies of the Aquitaine 

Basin northern margin outcrop has a thickness 

of about 30 m in the gypsum quarry of 

Champblanc, Cherves-de-Cognac, located 

about 10 km northeast of Cognac (Charente, 

SW France). Two lithological units have been 

identified. The basal unit (U1) is an alternation 

of gypsum and finely bedded black marls 

sometimes stromatolitic. The upper unit (U2) 

is a limestone-marl alternation, more or less 

fossiliferous. In the upper part of the unit, a 

one meter thick level has yielded a rich 

vertebrate fauna. A micropaleontological 

analysis of these levels, until now considered 

as Uppermost Jurassic age, has provided rich 

and diversified associations of brackish and 

fresh-water ostracodes and charophytes 

allowing them to be dated as Berriasian and to 

be related with the lower part of the Middle 

Purbeck of southern England. 

2006020554 

羌塘盆地中晚侏罗世旋回地层初步分析 = 

Middle and late Jurassic cyclostratigraphy in 

Qiangtang basin,northern Qinghai-Tibet 

Plateau, China. ( 中文 ). 李勇 ; 张玉修 . 成都理 

工大学学报 , 2004, 31(6): 623-628 

羌塘盆地是中国海相侏罗系最为发育的 

地区之一 , 对该套地层开展了旋回地层学研 

究 , 初步的研究结果表明羌塘盆地中上侏罗 

统至少存在四种旋回类型 , 即沉积旋回、古 

生物旋回、地球化学旋回和磁化率旋回 , 并 

按级别将低频旋回划分为 3 个旋回级次 . 其 

中一级旋回是由顶底不整合面限制的一个 

总体向上变粗变浅的充填序列 , 持续时间为 

48 Ma; 二级旋回显示为大型的海进 - 海退旋 

回 , 旋回的时间跨度为 27~29 Ma; 三级旋回 

显示为向上变粗或向上变细的不完整旋回 , 

旋回的时间跨度为 7~14 Ma. 古生物旋回、 

地球化学旋回 ( 碳氧稳定同位素、微量元素 ) 

和磁化率旋回与沉积旋回具有良好的响应 , 

并与特提斯同期低频旋回具有很好的对比 

性 . 

2006020555 

扬子地台西南缘三叠世层序地层格架 = The 

Early Transsi Sequence Stratigraphic 

Framework in southwestern margin of 

Yangtze Platform. ( 中文 ). 肖加飞 ; 魏家庸 ; 胡 

瑞忠 . 沉积学报 , 2004, 22(2): 310-318 

164

扬子地台西南缘早三叠世地层被划分为 4 

个沉积层序。通过综合研究已取得的牙形 

石生物地层资料 , 与 Haq 等人提出的三叠 

纪牙形石生物时带进行了对比 , 初步定出 

了各沉积层序及体系域的界面年龄 ( 层序 1 

底界年龄 251Ma ; 层序 2 底界年龄 

245.2Ma; 层序 3 底界年龄 243Ma; 层序 4 

底界年龄 240.5Ma, 顶界年龄 239.4Ma), 

从而建立了区内分辨率较高的早三叠世地 

层格架。格架中层序组合特征在碳酸盐岩 

台地边缘显示得非常清楚 , 其中 , 层序 1— 

层序 2 高水位体系域的台地边缘依次向陆 

后退 , 呈退积或超覆 (ovedap) 型组合关系 ; 

层序 3— 层序 4 高水位体系域的台地边缘则 

依次向海推进 , 呈进积或退覆 (offlap) 型组 

合关系。这种组合特征主要受沉积盆地的 

构造沉降及 2 级海平面升降亚旋回的海面 

变化的控制 , 构造沉降加速和海面上升期 

形成的层序呈退积型组合关系 ; 构造沉降 

平缓及海面下降期形成的层序呈进积型组 

合关系。此外 , 还研究了斜坡地带 ( 贵阳改 

毛 ) 层序 1— 层序 3 底部的碳氧同位素组成 

变化规律 : 海侵体系域 — 高水位体系域 

碳、氧同位素组成变化不大 ,δ 13 C 主要为 

正值 , 但在高水位体系域顶部明显负向偏 

移 ; 低水位体系域碳、氧同位素组成变化 

剧烈 , 且均为负值。这为地层划分提供了 

地球化学方面的依据。 

2006020556 

滇黔桂地区晚古生代至三叠纪层序地层序 

列及沉积盆地演化 = Sequence-stratigraphic 

succession and sedimentary-basin evolution 

from Late Paleozoic to Triassic in the 

Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region. ( 中文 ). 梅 

冥相 ; 李仲远 . 现代地质 , 2004, 18(4): 555- 

563 

志留纪末期的加里东运动使扬子板块与 

华夏板块基本上连接成一个统一的华南板 

块 , 在这个较为稳定的构造背景下 , 从晚古生 

代至三叠纪滇黔桂地区经历了一个较为复 

杂的盆地演变过程 , 形成了一个复杂而有序 

的层序地层序列 . 晚古生界可以划分为 25 个 

三级沉积层序 , 三叠系大致可以划分为 10 个 

三级沉积层序 ;35 个三级沉积层序又大致可 

以归并为 8 个二级构造层序 . 从三级沉积层 

序到二级构造层序的归并 , 代表了滇黔桂地 

区从晚古生代的 " 滇黔桂盆地 " 演化为早、 

中三叠世的 " 南盘江盆地 "、最后在晚三叠 

世早期结束海相沉积历史的沉积学和地层 

学响应过程 , 为在层序地层学框架内理解复 

杂的地质演化历史提供了一个较为典型的 

实例 . 

2006020557 

江西省晚白垩世周田组的再划分 = 

Redefinition of the Late Cretaceous Zhoutian 

Formation,Jiangxi Province. ( 中文 ). 刘细元 ; 

衷存堤 ; 张永忠 ; 许连生 ; 龙天 . 地质调查与研 

究 , 2004, 27(4): 217-221 

江西白垩纪晚世地层中发育一套湖相细 

碎屑岩系 , 前人称之为周田组 , 一直沿用至今 . 

作者认为前人对该岩石地层单位的定义不 

够准确或不够贴切 . 该组并不是 " 普遍含膏盐 

层 ", 而是仅在该组中部发育 " 膏盐层 ", 所以 , 

有必要重新厘定 ; 鉴于 " 膏盐层 " 的特殊性、 

且明显区别于组内其余部分岩性 , 因此 , 建议 

将该岩系新建为段级岩石地层单位 --" 会昌 

膏盐段 ". 这对当地乃至华南地区的陆相红盆 

的研究和地层划分对比、野外地质填图都 

具有重要意义 , 对寻找膏盐矿产资源也具有 

直接的指导作用 . 

2006020558 

吐哈盆地侏罗系层序地层格架的建立 = 

Establishment of Jurassic Sequence 

Framework in Turpan-Hami Basin. ( 中文 ). 秦 

长文 ; 李宏伟 ; 蒋兵 . 新疆石油地质 , 2004, 

25(1): 33-36 

吐哈盆地是一个陆相含油气盆地 , 侏罗系 

是主要的勘探目的层 . 运用层序地层学的理 

论和方法 , 通过对露头剖面、钻井和地震等 

资料的综合研究 , 可将侏罗系划分为七个层 

序 (SQ 1 -SQ 7 ). 层序 SQ 1 相当于八道湾组和三 

工河组 ,SQ2 相当于西山窑组一二三段 ,SQ 3 

相当于西山窑组四段和三间房组一段 , ,SQ4 

相当于三间房组二三段 ,SQ 5 、SQ 6 和 SQ 7 分 

别相当于七克台组、齐古组和喀拉扎组 . 煤 

系烃源岩主要分布于层序 SQ 1 SQ 2 的基准 

面上升半旋回的上部 , 储集层主要发育在层 

序 SQ 1 、 SQ 2 、SQ 3 、 SQ 4 SQ 5 上升半旋回 , 层 

序 SQ 3 、SQ 4 、SQ 5 SQ 6 、SQ 7 层序是区域盖层 

发育的主要层位 . 

2006020559 

准东探区侏罗系齐古组与头屯河组的划分 

= Dividing Qigu Formation and Toutunhe 

Formation of Jurassic in east Junggar area. ( 中 

文 ). 贺凯 ; 韩军 ; 李培俊 ; 庞五瑶 ; 曹新峰 ; 徐怀 

宝 ; 王菁 . 新疆石油地质 , 2004, 25(5): 568- 

570 

近年来的钻探表明 , 准噶尔盆地东部探区 

侏罗系石树沟群具有广阔的勘探前景 , 但是 

165

目前该套地层的层序划分存在很多问题 , 表 

现在南北露头剖面划分标准不统一 , 南部井 

下与地面露头划分原则和依据不一致 , 北部 

地区井下未进行层组划分 . 分析了本地区的 

构造演化、古环境、古气候的变化 , 确立了 

以岩石的颜色和沉积旋回作为石树沟群细 

分为齐古组与头屯河组的主要依据 , 并以此 

标准统一了准东探区井下及地面露头齐古 

组与头屯河组的划分问题 , 废除了将凝灰岩 

划分齐古组与头屯河组的划分标准 . 

2006020560 

吐哈盆地南部井下三叠系对比 = Correlation 

of downhole Triassic strata in southern Tu-Ha 

Basin. ( 中文 ). 王玉山 ; 许昌杰 ; 黄卫东 ; 牛仁 

杰 ; 王天鹏 ; 赵生斌 ; 倪联斌 . 新疆石油地 

质 , 2004, 25(6): 624-627 

三叠系是吐哈盆地油气勘探的重要层 

系 ,1996 年以来将鲁克沁三叠系油层改归中 

三叠统克拉玛依组 . 以陆相盆地构造和气候 

的周期性变化控制层序地层为立足点 , 结合 

地震和钻、测井信息 , 分析了区域地层横向 

变化规律 , 探讨了地层测井响应的内在机理 . 

认为 , 小泉沟群内部区域性的不整合是划分 

中、上三叠统的自然界线 , 再次将鲁克沁三 

叠系油层时代还原为晚三叠世 . 

2006020561 

准噶尔盆地中生代演化的地层学和沉积学 

证据 = Mesozoic tectonic evolution of 

southern Junggar Basin,northwestern China: 

constraints from stratigraphic and 

sedimentologic evidences. ( 中文 ). 方世虎 ; 郭 

召杰 ; 张志诚 ; 徐怀民 ; 刘楼军 . 高校地质学 

报 , 2004, 10(4): 554-561 

准噶尔盆地是一个构造演化复杂、由多 

个含油气凹陷构成的盆地 . 根据盆地中生界 

地层发育特征、地震资料及前人研究成果 , 

探讨了准噶尔盆地中生代的沉积特征、沉 

积范围、沉积中心迁移特征及断裂对沉积 

的控制作用 , 将中生代准噶尔盆地划分为三 

叠纪 - 侏罗纪断 - 拗盆地和白垩纪陆内坳陷盆 

地两个发育阶段 , 其中晚侏罗世 - 早白垩世早 

期可能是盆地由张性背景向挤压背景转化 

的重要时期 . 

2006020562 

辽宁北票地区义县组地层划分与对比 = 

Stratigraphic division and correlation of the 

Yixian Formation in Beipiao area, Liaoning 

Province. ( 中文 ). 邢德和 ; 孙春林 ; 张立东 ; 郭 

胜哲 ; 张长捷 ; 彭艳东 ; 贾斌 ; 陈树旺 ; 丁秋红 ; 郑 

月娟 . 吉林大学学报 ( 地球科学版 ), 2004, 

34(3): 326-332 

辽宁北票地区义县组是一套中生代陆相 

火山 - 沉积岩系 , 主要由中 - 基性火山熔岩、 

火山碎屑岩及陆相沉积岩构成 . 依据火山活 

动的规律性 , 将本区义县组划分为 4 个岩性 

段 , 自下而上分别为 : 一段 : 底砾岩、基性 - 中 

基性火山岩段 ; 二段 : 湖相沉积 ( 或称珍稀化 

石层 ) 岩段 ; 三段 : 基性火山岩段 ; 四段 : 砾岩段 . 

其中 , 义县组一段产丰富的以鹦鹉嘴龙为主 

的古脊椎动物化石 . 二段产大量热河生物群 

化石 , 包括著名的中华龙鸟、孔子鸟和辽宁 

古果等珍稀化石 , 是义县组最重要的化石产 

出层位 . 从西向东 , 义县期火山活动具明显的 

由早到晚、由基性 - 中性 - 酸性 ( 偏碱性 ) 的演 

化特征 . 

2006020563 

下扬子区三叠纪古地理演化 = Evolution of 

paleogeography of Triassic of Lower Yangtze 

area. ( 中文 ). 程日辉 ; 白云风 ; 李艳博 . 吉林大 

学学报 ( 地球科学版 ), 2004, 34(3): 367-371 

下扬子区在三叠纪期间接受了早 - 中三叠 

世海相碳酸盐沉积、中 - 晚三叠世海陆交互 

相和陆相湖沼沉积 . 沉积相带的空间分布和 

古地理格局的变迁明显地受到区域构造的 

控制 . 区内盆地发育与演化是在华南板块与 

扬子板块、扬子板块与华北板块相互作用 

的背景下进行的 . 早 - 中三叠世末期的印支运 

动是下扬子区构造 - 古地理格局改变的决定 

性因素 , 使下扬子海盆闭合 , 沉积类型由海相 

沉积变为陆相沉积 . 下扬子区三叠纪古地理 

的演化特征也为板块碰撞提供了沉积证据 . 

2006020564 

三峡库区川东 - 鄂西早 - 中侏罗世地层的精细 

对比及沉积环境变化 = Correlation of the 

Early-Middle Jurassic strata in the three 

gorges area and discussion of sedimentary 

environments. ( 中文 ). 孟繁松 ; 李旭兵 . 华南 

地质与矿产 , 2004, (3): 59-65 1 图版 . 

根据地层层序、岩性特征和化石组合带 

所提供的时代信息 , 三峡东部早 - 中侏罗世 

香溪组、泄滩组下段、上段和陈家湾组应 

分别与三峡西部自流井组珍珠冲段下 - 中 

部、珍珠冲段上部 - 东岳庙段、马鞍山段 - 大 

安寨段和新田沟组精细对比。指出三峡库 

区早 - 中侏罗世古地理大致呈现由河道、河 

漫湖泊沼泽相含煤沉积 → 典型的湖泊相沉 

积 → 河流与湖泊相周期性交替沉积的变化 

规律。在分析岩组特征和植物所指示的气 

166

候基础上 , 推测早 - 中侏罗世气候的变化趋 

势是 , 由炎热潮湿逐渐变为炎热干旱。 

2006020565 

黔西南下 - 中三叠统界线年龄 = Age 

derermination of the Lower-Middle Triassic 

boundary at Ganheqiao, Wangmo, Guizhou 

Province. ( 中文 ). 王彦斌 ; 刘敦一 ; 姚建新 ; 纪 

占胜 ; 王立亭 ; 武桂春 . 地质学报 , 2004, 78(5): 

586-590 1 图版 . 

下一中三叠统界线年龄的精确测定是进 

行区域地层年表和国际地层委员会全球标 

准年表研究中重要的组成部分。中国贵州 

望漠甘河桥剖面下一中三叠统地层为奥仑 

尼克阶一安尼阶界线层型的理想候选剖 

面 , 其临界层位的玻屑凝灰岩为下一中三 

叠统界线的岩性标志。应用高精度高灵敏 

度的二次离子探针质谱对玻屑凝灰岩中的 

错石进行 U 一 Pb 年代学分析 , 结果为 

239.0 士 2.9 Ma(2σ)。这是首次直接从界 

线层位准确测定的下一中三叠统界线的错 

石 U 一 Pb 同位素年龄。中国贵州望漠甘河 

桥剖面下一中三叠统界线剖面地层连续 , 

牙形石分带清楚 , 临界层位发育区域上分 

布较为稳定的玻屑凝灰岩 , 是极好的区域 

等时标志层。这一剖面有望成为国际下一 

中三叠统界线层型剖面。 

2006020566 

黔西南及邻区中 - 晚三叠世层序地层格架 = 

The Middle-Late Triassic sequence 

stratigraphic framework in southwestern 

Guizhou and adjacent regions. ( 中文 ). 肖加飞 ; 

魏家庸 ; 胡瑞忠 . 地质学报 , 2004, 78(5): 591- 

599 

在研究了黔西南及邻区中一晚三叠世地 

层的层序界面特征、地层结构和堆叠型式 

之后 , 将其划分为 5 个沉积层序 , 并描述 

了层序内各体系域的特点 , 在此基础上 , 

通过综合研究已取得的生物地层资料 , 将 

其与 Haq 等列出的三叠纪生物地层时带进 

行对比 , 初步标定了各沉积层序及体系域 

的界面年龄 ( 层序 l 底界年龄 239.4Ma; 层 

序 2 底界年龄 238Ma; 层序 3 底界年龄 

233Ma; 层序 4 底界年龄 227Ma, 顶界年 

龄 223 Ma), 从而建立了本区分辨率较高 

的中一晚三叠世地层格架。格架中层序地 

层的组合样式 , 在 2 级海平面缓慢下降的 

背景下 , 受盆地构造沉降的影响较大。当 

层序处于构造沉降的加速期时 , 呈退积型 

组合方式〔如层序 1 和层序 3); 而当层序 

处于构造沉降的平缓期时 , 则呈进积型组 

合方式 ( 如层序 2 和层序 4)。 

2006020567 

塔里木盆地北缘白垩系 — 古近系界线研究 

= Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary on the 

northern margin of the Tarim Basin. ( 中文 ). 

郭宪璞 ; 苏新 ; 丁孝忠 . 地质通报 , 2004, 23(8): 

750-756 

白垩系 — 古近系界线 , 亦即中生界 — 新生 

界界线 , 是全球最重要的地质界线之一 . 塔里 

木盆地北缘的这一界线 , 由于上白垩统是否 

存在、巴什基奇克组和塔拉克组的时代等 

问题存在较大分歧一直悬而未决 . 本文通过 

对巴什基奇克组和塔拉克组首次发现的钙 

质超微化石、化学地层学及事件地层学等 

的研究 , 确定了本区上白垩统的存在 , 并将白 

垩系 - 古近系的界线置于巴什基奇克组与塔 

拉克组之间 . 

新生界 

2006020568 

爱沙尼亚萨雷马岛 Kaali 陨石坑的年龄及 

其对环境和人类的影响 : 来自坑内的证据 

= The age of the Kaali meteorite craters and 

the effect of the impact on the environment 

and man: evidence from inside the Kaali 

craters, island of Saaremaa, Estonia. ( 英文 ). 

Veski S; Heinsalu A; Lang V; Kestlane Ü; 

Possnert G. Vegetation History and 


The Kaali meteorite impact crater field, 

which consists of a 110 m diameter main 

crater and eight satellite craters on the island 

of Saaremaa, Estonia is a unique object as its 

meteoritic origin is well proven, it lies in a 

densely populated area and fell in the 

relatively recent past. The precise age of the 

impact that generated the craters is still 

disputed. We investigated the basal sediment 

section from the main crater lake, Kaali järv, 

consisting of crushed and in-washed dolomite 

diamiction. AMS dating of terrestrial 

macrofossils from these sediment layers 

places the age of the impact at 1690–1510 B.C. 

The age is about 1000 years older than 

revealed from the impact marker-horizon in a 

contemporaneous peat sequence 6 km 

northwest of the Kaali crater. The pollen, 

diatom and chemical data suggest the instant 

formation of a shallow hard-water lake 

environment in the main crater depression 

after the impact, and a rapid post-impact 

sedimentation of crushed dolomite dust. 

Archaeological evidence on the crater slopes 

167

points to human activity around 700–200 B.C., 

indicating that the crater ring wall was 

inhabited by Bronze Age people soon after the 

impact event, and the structure of the main 

crater is mimicked in nearby archaeological 

sites. 

2006020569 

约旦 Hirbet ez-Zeraqn 地区早铜器时代居 

住地紫草果实碳酸盐的放射性碳同位素年 

龄 = Radiocarbon age of carbonate in fruits of 

Lithospermum from the early Bronze Age 

settlement of Hirbet ez-Zeraqn (Jordan). ( 英 

文 ). Pustovoytov K E; Riehl S; Mittmann S. 


13(3): 207-212 

Uncarbonized fruits of the Boraginaceae 

occur widely in cultural layers of 

archaeological sites in the Mediterranean and 

the Near East. To date, interpreting their 

origin remains problematic. It is difficult for 

archaeobotanists to tell whether such fruits 

were deposited as part of the cultural layer or 

were introduced post-depositionally. In an 

attempt to answer this question for the early 

Bronze Age site of Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (Jordan), 

we used direct 

14 C dating of biogenic 

carbonate from calcareous fruits of 

Lithospermum. The radiocarbon ages of seven 

fossil samples of the fruits suggest that they 

originate from plants that grew during or 

around the time of occupation. 

2006020570 

巴西西亚马逊河新的地质框架以及生物地 

理学和生物进化意义 = New geological 

framework for Western Amazonia (Brazil) 

and implications for biogeography and 

evolution. ( 英文 ). Rossetti D de F; de T P M; 

Góes A M. Quaternary Research, 2005, 63(1): 

78-89 

Although many of the current hypotheses to 

explain the origin and distribution of the 

Amazon biodiversity has been based directly 

or indirectly on geological data, the 

reconstruction of the geological history of the 

Amazon region is still inadequate to analyze 

its relationship with the biodiversity. This 

work has the main goal to characterize the 

sedimentary successions formed in the 

Brazilian Amazon in the Neogene-Quaternary 

discussing the evolution of the depositional 

systems through time and analyzing their main 

controlling mechanisms in order to fill up this 

gap. Radar image interpretation, 

sedimentological studies, and radiocarbon 

dating allowed the mapping of Plio- 

Pleistocene to Holocene units along the 

Solimões-Amazonas River, Brazil. This 

integrated work led to the characterization of 

five sedimentary successions overlying 

Miocene deposits of the Solimões/Pebas 

Formation, which include the following: Içá 

Formation (Plio-Pleistocene), deposits Q1 

(37,400–43,700 14 C yr B.P.), deposits Q2 

(27,200 14 C yr B.P.), deposits Q3 (6730–2480 

14 C yr B.P.), and deposits Q4 (280–130 14 C yr 

B.P.). These deposits occur mostly to the west 

of Manaus, forming NW–SE elongated belts 

that are progressively younger from SW to NE, 

indicating a subsiding basin with a depocenter 

that migrated to the NE. The reconstruction of 

the depositional history is consistent with 

significant changes in the landscapes. Hence, 

the closure of a large lake system at the end of 

the Miocene gave rise to the development of a 

Plio-Pleistocene fluvial system. This was yet 

very distinct from the modern drainage, with 

shallow, energetic, highly migrating, braided 

to anastomosed channels having an overall 

northeast outlet. This fluvial system formed 

probably under climatic conditions relatively 

drier than today's. During the early Pleistocene, 

there was pronounced erosion, followed by a 

renewed depositional phase ca. 40,000 14 C yr 

B.P., with the development of prograding 

lobes and/or crevasse splays associated with a 

lake system (i.e., fan-delta) and/or fluvial 

flood plain areas. After a period of erosion, a 

fluvial system with eastward draining 

channels started to develop at around 27,000 

14 C yr B.P. The fluvial channels were 

overflooded in mid-Holocene time. This 

flooding is attributed to an increased period of 

humidity, with a peak between 5000 and 2500 

14 C yr B.P. The data presented herein support 

that, rather than being a monotonous area, the 

Amazonia was a place with frequent changes 

in landscape throughout the Neogene- 

Quaternary, probably as a result of climatic 

and tectonic factors. We hypothesize that 

these changes in the physical environment 

stressed the biota, resulting in speciation and 

thus had a great impact on modern 

biodiversity. 

2006020571 

西藏高原东部和湄公河盆地晚第四纪侵蚀 

和风化的气候控制 = Late Quaternary 

climatic control on erosion and weathering in 

the eastern Tibetan Plateau and the Mekong 

Basin. ( 英文 ). Liu Z; Colin C; Trentesaux A; 

168

Siani G; Frank N; Blamart D; Farid S. 

Quaternary Research, 2005, 63(3): 316-328 

High-resolution siliciclastic grain size and 

bulk mineralogy combined with clay 

mineralogy, rubidium, strontium, and 

neodymium isotopes of Core MD01-2393 

collected off the Mekong River estuary in the 

southwestern South China Sea reveals a 

monsoon-controlled chemical weathering and 

physical erosion history during the last 

190,000 yr in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and 

the Mekong Basin. The ranges of isotopic 

composition are limited throughout 

sedimentary records: 

87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0.7206– 

0.7240 and ε Nd (0) = −11.1 to −12.1. These 

values match well to those of Mekong River 

sediments and they are considered to reflect 

this source region. Smectites/(illite + chlorite) 

and smectites/kaolinite ratios are used as 

indices of chemical weathering rates, whereas 

the bulk kaolinite/quartz ratio is used as an 

index of physical erosion rates in the eastern 

Tibetan Plateau and the Mekong Basin. 

Furthermore, the 2.5–6.5 μm/15–55 μm 

siliciclastic grain size population ratio 

represents the intensity of sediment discharge 

of the Mekong River and, in turn, the East 

Asian summer monsoon intensity. 

Strengthened chemical weathering 

corresponds to increased sediment discharge 

and weakened physical erosion during 

interglacial periods. In contrast, weakened 

chemical weathering associated with reduced 

sediment discharge and intensified physical 

erosion during glacial periods. Such strong 

glacial–interglacial correlations between 

chemical weathering/erosion and sediment 

discharge imply the monsoon-controlled 

weathering and erosion. 

2006020572 

北海南部中更新世深海氧同位素 (MIS)8 

阶段的冰川证据 = Evidence for a Middle 

Pleistocene glaciation of MIS 8 age in the 

southern North Sea. ( 英文 ). Beets DJ; Meijer 

T; Beets CJ; Cleveringa P; Laban C; van der 

Spek A.J F. Quaternany International, 2005, 

133-134(): 7-19 

In the cores of borehole 89/2, situated at 54° 

00 01′N and 5° 00 04′E about 70 km north of 

the Frisian Islands in the southern North Sea, 

two diamictons levels are found at ±70 and 

100 m below sea floor (i.e. ±110 and 140 

below present sea level), respectively. Both 

diamictons appear to be older than Saalian 

(=MIS 6), in contrast to earlier interpretations. 

The upper diamicton is overlain by about 

20 m of shallow marine sands followed by a 

chaotic alternation of fine-grained clay-rich 

Eemian (MIS 5e) sediments and sands 

deposited in a glacially excavated basin. It 

was originally assumed that this diamicton 

was Saalian (MIS 6) in age and lined the base 

of the basin. Seismic lines crossing the 

borehole location, however, show that the 

upper diamicton is truncated by the basin, and, 

consequently must be older than Saalian. This 

is corroborated by new investigations on the 

Saalian–Eemian transition in the Netherlands 

and new data on the age of the molluscs and 

foraminifera in the sands directly overlying 

the upper diamicton. The age data, based on 

measurements of the isoleucine epimerisation 

of mollusc shells and foraminiferal tests 

favour an MIS 8 age. 

2006020573 

对延迟冰川假说的检验 = A test of the 

overdue-glaciation hypothesis. ( 英文 ). 

Ruddiman W F; Vavrus S J; Kutzbach J E. 

Quaternary Science Review, 2005, 1-2(): 1-10 

According to a new hypothesis, 

greenhouse-gas concentrations in the 

atmosphere should have fallen throughout the 

last several thousand years and caused a 

significant cooling of Earth's climate, but early 

anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide 

and methane kept temperatures relatively 

warm. A further prediction is that ice should 

have begun accumulating in northeast Canada 

several thousand years ago. We carry out a 

preliminary test of this hypothesis by reducing 

atmospheric CO 2 and CH 4 concentrations to 

their estimated ‘natural’ levels in an 

experiment with the GENESIS climate model. 

In the absence of anthropogenic contributions, 

global climate is almost 2 °C cooler than 

today and roughly one third of the way toward 

full-glacial temperatures. The hypothesis of an 

overdue glaciation is confirmed, but at a small 

scale: parts of Baffin Island retain snow cover 

year-round, and snow cover persists on high 

terrain in Labrador for 11 months of the year. 

2006020574 

挪威尤通黑门山中部基于近冰水溪岸泥沼 

地的全新世 Bjørnbreen 冰川史和气候重建 

= Holocene glacier history of Bjørnbreen and 

climatic reconstruction in central Jotunheimen, 

Norway, based on proximal glaciofluvial 

stream-bank mires. ( 英文 ). Matthews J A; 

Berrisford M S; Dresser P Q; Nesje A; Dahl S 

O; Bjune A E; Bakke J; Birks J H B; Lie Ø; 

169

Dumayne-Peaty L; Barnett C. Quaternary 

Science Review, 2005, 24(1-2): 67-90 

Holocene variations of Bjørnbreen, 

Smørstabbtinden massif, west-central 

Jotunheimen are reconstructed from the 

lithostratigraphy of two alpine stream-bank 

mires flooded episodically by meltwater. The 

approach uses multiple sedimentological 

indicators (weight loss-on-ignition, mean 

grain size, grain-size fractions, bulk density, 

moisture content and magnetic susceptibility), 

an a priori model of overbank deposition of 

suspended glaciofluvial sediments, a detailed 

chronology based on 56 radiocarbon dates, 

and a Little Ice Age sedimentological 

analogue. Rapid, late-Preboreal deglaciation 

was indicated by immigration of Betula 

pubescens by 9700 cal. BP. An interval of at 

least 3000 years in the early Holocene when 

glaciers were absent was interrupted by two 

abrupt episodes of glacier expansion around 

the time of the Finse Event, the first at ca 

8270–7900 cal. BP (Bjørnbreen I Event) and 

the second at ca 7770–7540 cal. BP 

(Bjørnbreen II Event). Neoglaciation began 

shortly before ca 5730 cal. BP with gradual 

build-up to the maximum of the Bjørnbreen III 

Event at ca 4420 cal. BP. Later maxima 

occurred at ca 2750 cal. BP (Bjørnbreen IV 

Event) and at 1300, 1260, 1060 and 790 cal. 

BP (all within the Bjørnbreen V Event). 

Glaciers were smaller than today and possibly 

melted away on several occasions in the late 

Holocene (ca 3950, 1410 and 750 cal. BP). 

Minor maxima also occurred at ca 660 and 

540 cal. BP, within the late Mediaeval Warm 

Period and the early Little Ice Age, 

respectively. The Little Ice Age maximum 

was dated to 213±25 BP (ca 205 cal. BP). The 

relative magnitudes of the main glacier 

maxima were determined: Erdalen 

Event>Little Ice Age Event (Bjørnbreen 

VI)>Bjørnbreen I (Finse Event) ≈ Bjørnbreen 

II>Bjørnbreen VBjørnbreen IV>Bjørnbreen 

III. These episodic events of varying 

magnitude and abruptness were used in 

conjunction with an independent summertemperature 

proxy to reconstruct variations in 

equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) and a 

Holocene record of winter precipitation. Since 

the Preboreal, ELA varied within a range of 

about 390 m, and winter precipitation ranged 

between 40 and 160% of modern values. 

Winter precipitation variations appear to have 

been the main cause of these century- to 

millennial-scale Holocene glacier variations. 

2006020575 

对 Phillip C. Larson and Howard D. 

Mooers 评述的答复 = Reply to comments by 

Phillip C. Larson and Howard D. Mooers. ( 英 

文 ). Hildes D H D; Clarke G K C; Flowers G 

E; Marshall S J. Quaternary Science 

Review, 2005, 24(1-2): 234 

2006020576 

南极洲罗斯湾末次盛冰期冰碛物 ( 砂粒含 

量 ) 的来源 = Provenance of LGM glacial till 

(sand fraction) across the Ross embayment, 

Antarctica. ( 英文 ). Licht K J; Lederer J R; 

Jeffrey R S. Quaternary Science Review, 2005, 

24(12-13): 1499-1520 

The provenance of Late Quaternary Ross 

Embayment till was investigated by 

comparing the coarse sand composition of 

East and West Antarctic source area tills with 

till samples from across the Ross Sea. The 

West Antarctic samples from beneath the 

Whillans (B) and Kamb (C) ice streams are 

petrologically distinct from samples of lateral 

moraines flanking several East Antarctic 

outlet glaciers. The characteristic assemblage 

of four West Antarctic samples includes felsic 

intrusive and detrital sedimentary lithic 

fragments, plagioclase and abundant quartz. In 

contrast, most of the ten East Antarctic till 

samples contains abundant mafic intrusive and 

detrital sedimentary lithic fragments as well as 

less abundant quartz. The distinctive 

composition of these source areas can be 

linked to 33 samples from 20 cores of Last 

Glacial Maximum (LGM) age till distributed 

across the Ross Sea. Western Ross Sea till 

samples exhibit mineralogic and lithological 

similarities to East Antarctic till samples, 

although these western Ross Sea tills contain 

higher percentages of felsic intrusive and 

extrusive lithic fragments. Eastern Ross Sea 

till samples are compositionally similar to 

West Antarctic till, particularly in their 

abundance of quartz and dearth of mafic and 

extrusive lithic components. Central Ross Sea 

till exhibits compositional similarities to both 

East and West Antarctic source terranes 

including a mafic lithic component, and marks 

the confluence of ice draining from East and 

West Antarctica during the LGM, thus West 

Antarctic-derived ice streams did not advance 

into the western Ross Sea. This indicates that 

even if pre-LGM equivalents of the present 

Siple Coast ice streams existed, they did not 

simply expand allowing West Antarctic- 

170

derived ice to dominate the LGM Ross Ice 

Sheet. 

2006020577 

加拿大布列颠哥伦比亚 Tofino 盆地新生代 

鱼化石生物地层学 = Cenozoic ichthyolith 

biostratigraphy: Tofino Basin, British 

Columbia. ( 英文 ). Johns M J; Barnes C R; 

Narayan Y R. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2006, 43(2): 177-204 

Five new late Eocene – Pliocene ichthyolith 

zones are defined based on indigenous faunal 

occurrences in strata that outcrop along 

western Vancouver Island and samples from 

six offshore Tofino Basin wells. Five new 

interval zones are each defined based on 

distinct transported ichthyolith assemblages. 

Results are correlated within the framework of 

established Cenozoic west coast and Arctic 

foraminifer zones and ichthyolith occurrences 

in deep-sea core samples and Cretaceous 

Queen Charlotte Group and Nanaimo Group 

strata of coastal British Columbia. The use of 

multiple data sets was important to interpret 

complex active tectonic margin sedimentation 

and structures. The integrated ichthyolith and 

foraminifer biostratigraphy allowed an 

interpretation of well log data and lithology 

reports. Also, we reassessed previous offshore 

seismic data, evaluated fossil preservation and 

thermal alteration, and distinguished 

transported from indigenous ichthyolith 

occurrences. These data allowed a 

reinterpretation of tectonic segments and 

associated strata of the Pacific Rim and 

Crescent terranes and the Cascadia 

Accretionary Complex onshore and offshore 

Vancouver Island. Tectonically active phases 

during the Eocene and Oligocene – early 

Miocene resulted in transport of Cretaceous to 

Eocene ichthyoliths from structural highs to 

lows, indicating proximity of the Pluto I-87 

and Zeus D-14 wells to the Tofino Fault 

between the Pacific Rim and Crescent terranes 

and suggesting derivation with coeval 

Hesquiat Peninsula strata. An unconformity 

above the Eocene Crescent Formation 

volcanics in Prometheus H-68 and Zeus D-14 

wells is correlated with the Pluto I-87 and 

Apollo J-14 well stratigraphy. An upper 

Miocene unconformable surface coincides 

with accretion and uplift of the Cascadia 

Accretionary Complex. 

2006020578 

罗布泊地区第四纪岩石地层、磁性地层和 

气候地层 = The lithostratigraphy, 

magnetostratigraphy, and climatostratigraphy 

in the Lop Nur region, Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 林景 

星 ; 张静 ; 剧远景 ; 王永 ; 林防 ; 张俊牌 ; 王绍芳 ; 

魏明瑞 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 317-322 

罗布泊地区的 AK1 孔 , 是目前为止该区 

唯一的、最深的钻孔 , 深 465.55m。依据 

AK1 孔的岩性特征、热释光年龄、古地磁 

极性倒转、磁化率变化和 

Fe 2 O 3 含量的研究 , 将该地区第四纪地层划 

分如下 : 全新世为灰色 — 浅灰绿色色系 , 与 

晚更新世的界线划在深 8.80m 处 , 年龄值为 

11.5kaBP; 晚更新世为杂色色系 , 与中更新 

世的界线在牙买加反向极性亚带的底界面 

上 , 深 66.25m, 年龄值为 0.20MaBP; 中更新 

世为褐黄色 — 土黄色色系 , 与早更新世的界 

线划在布容正向极性带 — 松山反向极性带 

的界面上 , 深 235.00m, 年龄值为 0.73MaBP; 

早更新世为灰色色系 , 与上新世的界线在松 

山反向极性带 — 高斯正向极性带的界面上 , 

357.50m 深 , 年龄值为 2.48MaBP; 上新世为 

土黄色与灰色交替色系 , 顶部为厚 8.78m 的 

土黄色粘土层 , 与下更新世底部厚 25.27m 

的灰色粗砂和含砾粗砂层相接 , 界限清晰。 

本区第四纪岩石地层、磁性地层和气候地 

层的底界 , 完全一致。因此 , 它是一条具有 

全球等时性的界线 , 可用以与世界其他地区 

的第四纪地层进行对比。 

2006020579 

黄骅坳陷北大港构造带古近系沙河街组高 

分辨率层序地层格架及其对储层非均质性 

的控制 = High-resolution sequencestratigraphic 

framework and its control on the 

reservoir heterogeneities of Beidagang 

tectonic belt in Huanghua sag. ( 中文 ). 范乐元 ; 

朱筱敏 ; 宋鵾 ; 朱之春 ; 谢楠 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2005, 29(4): 355-361;367 

陆相湖盆层序的发育是在湖盆蓄水量周 

期性变化的条件下实现的。层序发育过程 

实际上是基准面旋回变化过程中湖泊冲刷 

沉积作用彼此消长的过程。北大港构造带 

古近系沙河街组可划分为 2 个长期基准面 

旋回、8 个中期基准面旋回和 43 个短期基 

准面旋回。在等时地层格架内 , 基于基准面 

变化过程中的沉积响应及其伴生的可容空 

间变化的分析 , 探讨了基准面旋回变化与储 

层展布及储层非均质性之间的相关关系 : 基 

准面旋回的升降变化对储层的非均质性、 

空间展布以及有利储层的分布等均具有明 

显的控制作用 ; 短期基准面旋回控制储层砂 

体内部的非均质模式 , 中长期基准面旋回控 

171

制了储层砂体的层间非均质性特征 ; 在中长 

期基准面低位处 , 尤其是在基准面旋回的转 

换点处 , 储层发育良好 , 砂体厚度、展布面 

积均较大 , 物性相对较好 ; 而在中长起基准 

面较高位处 , 则出现相反的储层特征。 

2006020580 

广西宁明盆地第三纪地层研究的新进展 = 

New information on the Tertiary 

biostratigraphy of the Ningming Basin, 

Guangxi. ( 中文 ). 邝国敦 ; 陈耿娇 ; 陈运发 ; 黄 

志涛 . 地层学杂志 , 2005, 29(4): 363-367 

简要阐述广西宁明盆地第三系的地质概 

况、研究历史和沉积环境与古气候等方面 

情况 , 并就宁明盆地第三系研究中不同各门 

类生物化石所指示的时代有所差别作了讨 

论。认为植物化石群和孢粉化石群所指示 

的地质年代一般较早、动物化石群所指示 

的年代较晚 , 这些差别与动、植物界演化速 

率不同有关 , 一般情况下动物界的演化比植 

物界快。宁明盆地第三系的时代为渐新世 

至中新世较合适。 

2006020581 

中太平洋海山区富钴壳结壳的钙质超微化 

石地层学研究 = Calcareous nanofossil 

biostratigraph for Co-rich ferromangnese 

crusts from central Pacific seamounts. ( 中文 ). 

苏新 ; 马维林 ; 程振波 . 地球科学 - 中国地质大 

学学报 , 2004, 29(2): 141-147 

对 " 大洋一号 " 调查船在中太平洋采集的 

N1-15 和 N5E-06 2 个富钴结壳样品进行了 

钙质超微化石及其生物地层学的研究与分 

析 . 这 2 个结壳从结构上分为 3 层 : 致密 

型上层、疏松型中层和致密型下层 . 在研 

究中对各结构层和各层中有颜色或细微结 

构变化的层位都进行了详细的取样和分 

析 . 在识别了 12 个新生代钙质超微化石事 

件的基础上 , 确定了 2 个结壳致密型上层 

结壳都为晚更新世以来的沉积 , 它们的疏 

松型中层结壳为上新世到中更新世的沉 

积 . 对 N5F-06 富钴结壳来说 , 其致密型下 

层结壳下部形成于中晚古新世到早渐新世 

的 59.7~32.8 Ma 期间 .N1-15 富钴结 

壳致密型下层的形成时代目前暂时定为中 

新世 . 研究注意到在 2 个结壳中都没有发 

现可信的晚渐新世到中新世的化石记录 , 

在个别层位之间存在着沉积间断 . 

2006020582 

渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷下第三系高精度层序 

地层学研究 = High accuracy sequence 

stratigraphy of Lower Tertiary in Zhanhua 

depression, Bohai bay basin. ( 中文 ). 魏魁生 ; 

史淑玲 ; 厉大亮 ; 罗彦 ; 卢松涛 ; 邱以钢 ; 宗国洪 ; 

郑和荣 ; 郝运轻 ; 宋国齐 . 石油与天然气地 

质 , 2004, 25(4): 513-518 

以钻井、三维地震等资料为基础 , 运用高 

精度层序地层学理论及方法 , 建立了沾化凹 

陷层序地层格架 , 划分出 1 个一级层序、4 

个二级层序、17 个三级层序、51 个体系 

域、70 个准层序组和 109 个准层序 . 根据地 

震反射终止结构特征、准层序组叠加方式 

的转换和岩性剖面 , 识别出层序边界、首次 

洪泛面和最大洪泛面等关键界面 . 根据准层 

序组的叠加型式及地震相区分沉积体系类 

型 , 恢复了沉积体系 . 在层序地层格架内 , 低 

位体系域沉积体系类型丰富 , 以三阶坡折控 

制的冲积扇 - 扇三角洲 ( 三角洲 )- 低位楔 - 低位 

扇为特征 ; 水进体系域和高位体系域的沉积 

体系具有继承性 . 每个体系域的沉积体系组 

合具有成因上的连续性 . 强烈断陷期发育的 

沉积体系与不整合面、断层面相配置的地 

区是油气勘探的有利区带 . 

2006020583 

西藏纳木错及邻区全新世气候与环境变化 

的地质记录 = Geological records of climate 

and environment changes during the Holocene 

in the Nam Co Lake and its adjacent areas. ( 中 

文 ). 吴中海 ; 赵希涛 ; 吴珍汉 ; 武晓春 ; 周春景 ; 

严富华 ; 朱大岗 . 冰川冻土 , 2004, 26(2): 275- 

283 

综合分析了全新世期间内的多种与气候 

和环境变化密切相关的地质记录 , 结果表 

明该区全新世期间的气候变化可划分为 3 

个阶段 :1) 约 11.8~8.4ka BP 期间 , 处于微 

温期和升温期 , 气候相对温和稍 

湿 .2)8.4~4.0ka BP 期间 , 为全新世气候 

最适宜时期或大暖期 . 该期间的平均气温 

可能比现今高约 5℃, 降水量比今多 100~ 

200mm.3)4.0ka BP 以来 , 气候整体较为 

于冷 . 纳木错湖面发生持续下降 , 其最大 

下降幅度可达 11.4m. 冰川进退和湖面波 

动表明 , 该期间内的气候波动过程分别与 

新冰期和小冰期相对应 , 其中又各包含了 3 

次明显的冷期 , 其中新冰期期间的最低年 

平均气温可达 -6C 左右 . 约 1970 年以来 , 

区域气候向暖湿方向转化 , 造成念青唐古 

拉山西布冰川后退约 120~200m. 纳木错 

湖面上涨了约 2m。 

2006020584 

172

西安半坡遗址全新世古气候环境的探讨 = 

Discussion on Holocene palaeoclimate 

environment in the ruins of Banpo in Xi'an. 

( 中文 ). 李秉成 . 西北大学学报 ( 自然科学 

版 ), 2004, 34(4): 485-488 

目的讨论最近 10 000 年来的植被和环境 , 

制定治理黄土高原及其水土流失的战略方 

针 , 预测未来黄土高原的气候变化 . 方法通 

过对西安半坡遗址大围沟剖面的地质调 

查、密集采样和孢粉分析 , 讨论该区植被的 

演替 . 结果论证了全新世古气候环境的特征 , 

总结了早、中、晚全新世在该区发育的植 

被及其所代表的气候环境 . 从该剖面 17 个 

样品中分析出了大量孢粉 , 做出了黄土地层 

的孢粉图式 . 据该剖面上孢粉组合变化的分 

析 , 得出了全新世的植被与相应的气候在时 

间上的演变与空间上的分布范围 . 结论中全 

新世气候温暖湿润 ; 晚全新世温凉干旱 . 

2006020585 

东昆仑西段布喀达坂峰地区早更新世河湖 

相地层的发现及初步研究 = Discovery and 

study of the Early Pleistocene river and lake 

facies stratum in Bukedaban area of the 

western segment in the eastern Kunlun Mt.. 

( 中文 ). 李原 ; 王瑾 ; 薛宁 ; 索有贤 . 西北地 

质 , 2004, 37(1): 58-62 

东昆仑西段布喀达坂峰地区的山间盆地 

中发现一套早更新世河湖相地层 , 岩石组合 

为 : 泥晶灰岩、砂砾石层、泥岩夹生物碎屑 

层 , 未见底 , 顶部被晚更新世地层覆盖 . 从获 

得的电子自旋共振测年资料及古生物显示 , 

其时代相当于早更新世 , 与柴达木盆地七个 

泉组以及东昆仑垭口盆地羌塘组时代相当 . 

它的发现对分析本地区以及相邻地区在早 

更新世时的气候演变及高原隆升具有一定 

的指示意义 . 

2006020586 

甘肃窑街中侏罗世化石角质层有机质及其 

碳同位素组成与古环境的关系 = The 

relation between fossil cuticle organic 

matter,their carbon isotopic compositions and 

paleoenvironment in Middle Jurassic series, 

Yaojie, Gansu. ( 中文 ). 张成君 ; 孙柏年 ; 王云 

鹏 ; 刘金钟 ; 闫德飞 . 西北地质 , 2004, 37(2): 

42-47 

通过对甘肃窑街中侏罗统窑街组化石银 

杏以及现代银杏角质层有机质组分和碳同 

位素组成分析 , 表明银杏角质层有较强的抗 

风化能力 , 化石和现代银杏角质层有机质烷 

烃和甾萜类化合物组成十分相似 . 可以通过 

角质层的碳同位素组成等参数进行古环境 

重建 , 结果表明中侏罗世早期古环境较为温 

湿 , 到了中期后古气候逐渐变得干旱少雨 , 

后期降雨量又逐渐增加 , 温度升高 , 植被发 

育。 

2006020587 

天水谢家湾全新世环境变迁及人地关系演 

化 = Environmental transition and the 

evolution of the human-earth relationship 

during Holocene epoch in Tianshui area. ( 中 

文 ). 付淑清 ; 陈淑娥 ; 魏明建 ; 李英 ; 李勇 . 地球 

科学与环境学报 , 2004, 26(2): 81-84;94 

在野外详细观测的基础上 , 对天水谢家湾 

全新世黄土剖面以 2 cm 为间距进行了连续 

采样 , 并对所有样品作了磁化率和粒度分析 , 

结果综合反映出研究区自全新世以来 , 经历 

了早期升温、中期基本暖湿、晚期趋于干 

冷的气候环境演化阶段 , 其中全新世中期在 

总体温湿的大背景下 , 存在频繁的气候波动 . 

以此为基础 , 结合对渭河文化的历史研究资 

料 , 探讨了区内约 1 万年以来的人地关系演 

化历史 , 指出人地关系的和谐与统一 , 对人 

类社会发展具有重要意义 . 

2006020588 

对渭河盆地新生界及其年代的讨论 = 

Discussion on the Cenozoic and Its 

chronology in the Weihe River basin. ( 中文 ). 

刘护军 ; 薛祥煦 . 地球科学与环境学报 , 2004, 

26(4): 1-5 

秦岭造山带北缘的渭河盆地 , 新生界十分 

发育 , 前人建立了盆地地层系统 , 随着地质 

成果的不断积累 , 原有的地层系统需要重新 

整理 . 在前人工作基础上 , 根据新的全球变 

化研究资料和数据 , 对渭河盆地新生界部分 

地层的年代做了重新认识 . 认为红河组形成 

于古近纪中始新世 - 晚始新世 ; 白鹿塬组形 

成于古近纪晚始新世 - 早渐新世 ; 冷水沟组 

形成于新近纪中新世早期 ; 寇家村组形成于 

新近纪中新世中期 ; 灞河组形成于新近纪中 

新世晚期 . 蓝田组和游河组不存在层位上下 

关系 , 它们可能是地史时期形成的同期异相 

沉积 ; 三门组的上界年代在不同的地区各不 

相同 , 表明古三门湖的消亡时代不同的地区 

存有差异 . 蓝田组和游河组形成时期 , 研究 

区地形地貌发生分异 , 表现为地形凸起和凹 

陷并存 , 凸起堆积风成沉积 , 凹陷接受湖泊 

沉积 , 这一地貌格局很可能自 7.3 MaB.P. 以 

来 , 一直持续到 0.15 MaB.P., 黄土高原的风 

尘堆积与古三门湖并存的地貌格局是新近 

纪晚中新世最晚期至 0.15 MaB.P. 以来研究 

173

区重要的地质事件之一 , 它是当时研究区区 

域构造运动作用的结果 . 

2006020589 

陆相断陷湖盆 T-R 层序的特点及其控制因 

素 -- 以东营凹陷古近系沙河街组三段层序地 

层为例 = Characters and controlling factors of 

T-R sequence in Lacustrine deposits of rift 

basin: An example from the Dongying 

depression, eastern China. ( 中文 ). 操应长 ; 姜 

在兴 ; 夏斌 ; 杨伟利 . 地质科学 , 2004, 39(1): 

111-122 

一般认为经典层序的湖 ( 海 ) 平面变化轨迹 

为正弦曲线 , 且可分出低位稳定、上升、高 

位稳定和下降 4 个阶段 . 按照 Vail 的层序地 

层学理论 , 每个三级层序由 3 个体系域组成 , 

目前也有人认为划分出 4 个体系域更合适 . 

但在断陷湖盆中 , 发育了一种特殊的层序 , 

其湖平面变化呈折线 , 仅可分出上升阶段 (T) 

和下降阶段 (R), 缺失稳定阶段 , 我们将此类 

层序称为 T-R 层序 . 潮湿气候条件下的幕式 

构造运动和沉积物快速充填是 T-R 层序形 

成的关键 . 层序发育的早期阶段 , 幕式构造 

运动产生新生可容空间 , 决定了 T 旋回的发 

育 , 形成了以深水泥岩、页岩等沉积为特征 

的湖侵域 ; 晚期阶段 , 沉积物快速充填减少 

可容空间 , 决定了 R 旋回的演化 , 形成了以 

前积式砂体为特征的湖退域 . T-R 层序与油 

气勘探关系密切 , 湖侵域烃源岩发育 , 湖退 

域储层发育 , 并具有良好的生储盖组合条件 . 

2006020590 

塬堡全新世黄土剖面有机质碳同位素的气 

候记录 = Climatic significance of δ13C 

record of organic matters in the paleosol from 

the Yuanbao Holocene profile,Gansu Province. 

( 中文 ). 何勇 ; 秦大河 ; 任贾文 ; 李凤霞 . 地球化 

学 , 2004, 33(2): 178-184 

对甘肃临夏塬堡全新世黄土剖面古土壤 

有机质碳同位素的分析表明 ,δ 13 C 变化范 

围在 -28.23‰~-25.19‰ 之间 , 平均值为 - 

26.88‰。结合该剖面孢粉以及地层研究结 

果 , 观察到在温暖湿润气候期间 ,δ 13 C 表 

现为高值 , 而在干燥寒冷期间 ,δ 13 C 表现 

为低值 , 这较好地反映了该地区全新世气 

候演化的历史。结合其他研究 , 认为黄土 

高原地区全新世地表植被中草本植物 C 3 和 

C 4 植物比例的变化是引起土壤有机质 δ 13 C 

变化的直接原因 , 由于气候变化引起了地 

表植被类型的改变 , 古土壤中有机质 δ 13 C 

发生了变化。对比塬堡剖面与西安、句邑 

剖面土壤有机质的 δ 13 C, 观察到西安和甸 

邑两剖面的 δ 13 C 平均值要高于塬堡剖面约 

5‰ 左右 , 这是由于全新世期间两地气候的 

暖湿程度要高于临夏地区 , 地表植被中喜 

暖湿气候的 C 4 植物比例较高 , 导致土壤有 

机质 δ 13 C 增大。因此 δ 13 C 是研究古气候变 

化的一个较好的手段。 

2006020591 

壳地层的组成和古环境意义 : 以撒丁岛奥 

陶纪和阿摩力克地块泥盆纪为例 = 

Formation and palaeoenvironmental 

significance of shellbeds: examples from the 

Ordovician of Sardinia and the Devonian of 

Armorican Massif.. ( 英文 ). Arnaud Botquelen 

A; Loi A;Gourvennec R;Leone F;Dabard M-P. 


The study of shellbeds in the terrigenous 

platform deposits of the Upper Ordovician of 

Sardinia and Lower Devonian of the 

Armorican Massif, considering the 

taphonomic signatures and their repartition at 

the scale of a genetic sequence, allows us to 

distinguish two types of shellbeds (types A 

and B) and to suggest a genetic model for their 

origin. Shellbeds formation is related to 

autocyclic and allocyclic constraints. Type A 

shellbeds are associated with high or moderate 

supply episodes during sea level falls, while 

type B shellbeds are related to low supply 

episodes during sea-level rises 

2006020592 

白令海北部陆坡晚第四纪的古海洋与古气 

候学记录 = Late Quaternary 

paleoceanographic and paleoclimatologic 

records on the slope of the northern Bering 

Sea. ( 中文 ). 李霞 ; 王汝建 ; 陈荣华 ; 翦知湣 ; 赵 

泉鸿 . 极地研究 , 2004, 16(3): 261-269 

白令海北部陆坡 B2-9 柱状样中放射虫 

Cycladophora davisiana 含量曲线和深海 

SPECMAP 氧同位素记录的对比 , 为该柱状 

样建立了晚第四纪约 10 万年以来的地层年 

代框架 . 该柱状样中微体化石、碳屑颗粒、 

筏冰碎屑 ( 石英和岩屑颗粒 ) 的定量分析结果 

表明 , 作为表层生产力指标的粗组份自氧同 

位素 5.3 期以来呈阶梯状增加 , 反映表层生 

产力阶段式的增长 ; 碳屑颗粒丰度自氧同位 

素 5.3 期至末次冰消期的增加说明白令海末 

次冰消期以前气候较全新世干冷 , 天然火灾 

发生的概率较全新世大大增加 ; 冰期和早、 

中全新世较高的筏冰碎屑反映了冰期和 

早、中全新世白令海陆架海冰的扩大以及 

气候转暖所导致的海冰消融的过程 , 揭示了 

白令海对过去全球气候变化的响应 . 

174

2006020593 

河南平顶山地区第四纪地层序列划分 = 

Sequence of Quaternary deposits in 

Pingdingshan, Henan Province. ( 中文 ). 杨长 

秀 ; 刘振宏 ; 武太安 ; 崔霄峰 ; 李春艳 ; 杨长青 . 

地质调查与研究 , 2004, 27(1): 52-57 

根据岩石地层学、地貌学、孢粉学特征 , 

将河南平顶山地区的第四系划分为 4 个岩 

石地层单位 , 由老到新分别为鲁山组、下汤 

组、社旗组和马塘组 . 鲁山组分布于前隆起 

岗地 , 为冲洪积成因 , 形成于 225×10 4 a 

B.P.。下汤组具二元结构 , 组成河流 Ⅳ 级阶 

地 , 属河流冲积成因 , 形成于 64×10 4 a B.P.。 

社旗组具二元结构特征 , 组成河流 Ⅲ 级阶地 , 

属河流冲积成因 , 形成年代大于 5.42×10 4 a 

B.P.。马塘组也具二元结构特征 , 组成河流 

Ⅱ 级阶地 , 属河流冲积成因 , 形成于 2×10 4 a 

B.P.。岩石地层单位的划分为探讨黄河 - 淮 

河冲积平原及南阳盆地的形成与演化提供 

了基础性资料 . 

2006020594 

环渤海地区及华北平原第四纪古环境变迁 

机制 = The mechanism of Quaternary 

palaeoenvironmental change in Circum- 

Bohai-Sea region and North China Plain. ( 中 

文 ). 王强 ; 刘立军 ; 王卫东 ; 徐海振 ; 孙维义 . 地 

质调查与研究 , 2004, 27(3): 129-137 

在青藏高原隆升背景下 , 环渤海地区与华 

北平原成为中国东部汇流盆地和堆积平原 . 

第四纪时期阶段性河流进积 , 造成研究区出 

现构造气候旋回性的环境变迁 . 晚更新世以 

来沿海平原进入一个快速沉降阶段 , 在全球 

性冰川海平面变化叠加背景下 , 研究区水热 

对流状况以及相应的环境变迁更加剧烈和 

丰富 . 在晚全新世河流造陆过程中 , 河流的 

沉积速率超过了海平面的上升速率 , 陆地才 

得以形成 . 在现代海岸带依然持续构造沉 

降、河流输沙减少、相对海平面上升的背 

景下 , 认识不同时间尺度环境变迁机制是极 

其必要的 . 

2006020595 

东海 E1 孔晚更新世以来的地层、生物与环 

境 = Stratigraphy, biology and environment of 

the El Core from the East China Sea since 

Late Pleistocene. ( 中文 ). 张静 ; 林景星 ; 剧远 

景 ; 李双林 ; 李绍全 ; 王绍芳 ; 许波 . 地质学 

报 , 2004, 78(1): 9-16 

东海 E1 孔水深 100m, 是迄今东海陆架 

水深最深、采样最密、研究最详细的钻 

孔。依据有孔虫动物群的研究和碳同位素 

测年 , 可将 E1 孔的地层分成 3 段 :S 1 — 

S 3 (0.00~3.34m) 为全新统 ;S 4 —S 24 (3.34~ 

53.43m) 为晚更新统 ;S 25 (53.43~55.63m) 为 

中更新统。有孔虫以浮游种类为主 , 属热 

带至亚热带动物群。研究发现本区自晚更 

新世以来有 3 次高海面期 : 第一次高海面 

期与长江三角洲平原的镇江海进、华北平 

原的天津海进和华南的长乐海进相当 , 属 

全新世 , 为外浅海环境 ; 第二次高海面期 

与长江三角洲平原的隔湖海进、华北平原 

的沧州海进、和华南的福州海进相当 , 属 

晚更新世晚期 , 为外浅海环境 ; 第三次高 

海面期与长江三角洲的江阴海进、华北平 

原的白洋淀海进相当 , 属晚更新世早期 , 

为中至外浅海环境。在最晚中更新世低海 

面期本区曾暴露成陆。 

2006020596 

爱尔兰东南部卡洛地区上维宪阶碳酸盐地 

台岩石地层研究 = Stratigraphy of upper 

Visean carbonate platform rocks in the Carlow 

area, southeast Ireland. ( 英文 ). Cozar P; 

Somerville D. Geological Journal, 2005, 

40(1): 35-64 

The stratigraphy of the upper Visean 

(Asbian to Brigantian) carbonate succession in 

southeast Ireland is revised on the basis of 

seven quarry and two borehole sections. Six 

lithological units have been distinguished, two 

units (units 1 and 2) in the upper Asbian 

Ballyadams Formation, and four units (units 4 

to 6) in the Brigantian Clogrenan Formation 

(both formations are dated precisely using 

foraminiferans, calcareous algae and rugose 

corals). The boundary between the 

Ballyadams and Clogrenan formations is 

redefined 19 m below the horizon proposed by 

the Geological Survey of Ireland, and thus, 

lithological characteristics of both formations 

are redescribed. The upper part of the 

Ballyadams Formation is characterized by 

well-developed large-scale cyclicity, with 

common subaerial exposure surfaces. Fine- to 

medium-grained thin-bedded limestones with 

thin shales occur in the lower part of cycles, 

passing up into medium-grained pale grey 

massive limestones in the upper part. The 

Clogrenan Formation is composed mainly of 

medium- to coarse-grained thick limestone 

beds with variable presence of shales; but no 

large-scale cyclicity. There is a decrease in the 

number of subaerial exposure surfaces 

towards the top of the formation and common 

chert nodules; macrofauna occurs mostly 

175

concentrated in bands. The six units 

recognized in the Carlow area are comparable 

with other units described for the same time 

interval (Asbian-Brigantian) from south and 

southwest Ireland, demonstrating the existence 

of a stable platform for most parts of southern 

Ireland, controlled principally by 

glacioeustatics. 

2006020597 

沿美国堪萨斯州米德县西马伦河北岸早上 

新世化石地点的地层框架 = Stratigraphic 

framework of early Pliocene fossil localities 

along the north bank of the Cimarron River, 

Meade County, Kansas. ( 英文 ). Honey J G; 

Pelaez-Campomanes P; Martin R A. 

Ameghiniana, 2005, 42(2): 461-472 

The stratigraphy of early Pliocene (early 

Blancan) fossiliferous sediments exposed in 

canyons along the north bank of the Cimarron 

River in Meade County, Kansas is described 

as part of a larger, ongoing project to create a 

refined biostratigraphic model for late 

Neogene and Pleistocene mammalian fossil 

localities from the Meade Basin. Because the 

utility of previously named formation and 

member names is questionable, we introduce a 

set of informal names for stratigraphic units in 

our study area. Sediments in the region are up 

to 34 m thick, and include a basal sand and 

gravel ("Bishop gravel") at least 9 m thick, 

overlain by up to 17 m of light-to pinkish-gray, 

fine-grained sand and silt, with interbedded 

calcium carbonate layers. These fine-grained 

sediments are overlain in turn by a second, 8.5 

m-thick sand and gravel ("Wolf gravel") that 

is itself overlain by about 5 m of calcareous 

silts culminating in a thick caliche. The 

stratigraphic positions of fifteen fossil 

localities, some with rich vertebrate 

assemblages, were determined in this study. 

The sites are found in a variety of sediments 

representing fluvial, pond, spring, and 

sinkhole depositional environments. Rodent 

fossils are especially common, and certain 

taxa, such as the geomyids, sigmodontines, 

and arvicolids, support the stratigraphic 

hypothesis based on field mapping. This 

combined stratigraphic and faunal information 

provides an essential part of the early Pliocene 

component of the Meade Basin Neogene and 

Pleistocene faunal database, to be used to 

examine the history of biological diversity in 

southwestern Kansas. 

2006020598 

亚平宁北部上 Valdarno 盆地上上新统砂质 

洪积盆地沉积的相分析 , 地层和古生物 

( 软体动物和脊椎动物 ) = Facies analysis, 

stratigraphy and palaeontology (molluscs and 

vertebrates) in the upper Pliocene sandy flood 

basin deposits of the upper Valdarno Basin 

(Northern Apennines).. ( 英文 ). Ghinassi M; 

Abbazzi L; Esu D; Gaudant J; Girotti O. 


111(3): 467-487 

The Upper Valdarno Basin, one of the most 

investigated Neogene-Quaternary basins of 

the Northern Apennines, developed during 

three main phases, as testified by the 

occurrence of three unconformity-bounded 

stratigraphic units (UBSUs) in the basin infill. 

Despite numerous studies having been carried 

out, biochronological, paleoecological and 

stratigraphical issues in the lower portion of 

the Montevarchi Synthem (second phase) have 

yet to be understood. Sandy deposits 

(Montecarlo Sand and Silt Unit), 

stratigraphically located in this portion of the 

Montevarchi Synthem, are the focus of this 

multidisciplinary study. These deposits 

conformably overlie sandy fluvioeolian 

sediments and are, in turn, capped by fluviopalustrine 

deposits through a progressive 

unconformity. Facies analysis suggest a sandy 

flood-basin environment for these deposits, 

characterised by variations in water discharge 

and flood event energy. Mollusc and fish 

remains, pointing to quiet or slow-moving 

shallow waters, have been affected by 

transport processes before final burial in 

overbank areas. Fish remains of the primary 

marine family Mugilids highlight a connection 

between the basin and the sea that was 

previously only supposed. Small mammal 

remains, referred to the rodent Mimomys 

polonicus, are coherent with a water-rich 

environment. Cyclic variations in shell content 

and sedimentological characteristics testify to 

the occurrence of short-term climatic 

oscillations during this warming phase. This 

study fits with paleomagnetic and radiometric 

datings and mammal biochronology, in 

indicating that the Montecarlo Sand and Silt 

Unit belongs to a time interval preceding the 

Reunion paleomagnetic event. The 

depositional evolution of the Montecarlo Unit 

was driven by climatic change from arid to 

humid conditions, related to a global increase 

in temperature that occurred between 2.4 and 

2.2 Ma. 

2006020599 

176

第四纪 :"Quo vadis"? = Quaternary: "Quo 

vadis"?. ( 英文 ). Suguio K; Sallun A E M; 

Soares E A A. Episodes, 2005, 28(3): 197-200 

The Quaternary, like the long-abandoned 

terms Primary, Secondary and Tertiary, is a 

very ambiguous word, whose chronological 

meaning is not very well defined. Its usage 

spread very quickly, perhaps due to its moreor-less 

close relationship with the human 

history and with the latest glaciations. 

However, the oldest of human fossil record, 

according to recent discoveries in Africa 

(Djourab Desert in Tchad), is about 7 million 

years old, rather than 2 million years as 

suggested by fossils at Olduvai. Moreover, for 

some time now, it has been known that the 

first Quaternary-type glaciations occurred in 

several regions of the Earth between 2.5 and 3 

million years ago, that is prior to the Pliocene- 

Pleistocene limit at 1.81 million years ago, as 

determined by the GSSP These facts have led 

some researchers, mostly from the 

International Union of Geological Sciences 

(IUGS), and from the International 

Association for Quaternary Research 

(INQUA), to suggest changes in the 

subdivision of the Neocenozoic. Certainly, 

discussions on this subject will be raised at 

many scientific meetings in the near future 

until almost unanimous agreement can be 

attained. Some additional suggestions are 

presented here, as a contribution to resolution 

of these nomenclatorial issues. 

2006020600 

白垩纪土伦阶底部全球界线层型剖面和点 

位 : 美国科罗拉多普韦布洛 = The global 

boundary stratotype section and point for the 

base of the Turonian stage of the cretaceous: 

Pueblo, Colorado, USA. ( 英文 ). Kennedy W J; 

Walaszczyk I; Cobban W A. Episodes, 2005, 

28(2): 93-104 

Following the recommendation of the 

International Commission on Stratigraphy (16 

votes Yes [94%], 1 abstention, 2 votes not 

received), the Global boundary Stratotype 

Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the 

Turonian Stage of the Cretaceous System is 

defined as the base of bed 86 of the Bridge 

Creek Limestone Member of the Greenhorn 

Limestone Formation at the western end of the 

Denver and Rio Grande Railroad cut near the 

north boundary of the Pueblo Reservoir State 

Park Recreation Area, west of Pueblo, 

Colorado, USA. This GSSP horizon is also 

exposed and protected in the adjacent state 

recreation area. It coincides with the first 

occurrence of the ammonite Watinoceras 

devonense, is in the middle of a global 

positive excursion in Carbon-13 isotopes, and 

is bracketed by widespread bentonites that 

have yielded ages of 93 to 93.5 Ma. 

177

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