Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic ... - Capacity4Dev
Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic ... - Capacity4Dev
Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic ... - Capacity4Dev
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PREFACE<br />
the latest extraction methods <strong>for</strong> aromatic plants include headspace trapping,<br />
solid phase micro-extraction, protoplast extraction, microdistillation,<br />
thermomicrodistillation <strong>and</strong> molecular distillation.<br />
With the increasing dem<strong>and</strong> <strong>for</strong> herbal medicinal products, nutraceuticals,<br />
<strong>and</strong> natural products <strong>for</strong> health care all over the world, medicinal<br />
plant extract manufacturers <strong>and</strong> essential oil producers have started using<br />
the most appropriate extraction technologies in order to produce extracts<br />
<strong>and</strong> essential oils of defi ned quality with the least variations from batch to<br />
batch. Such approach has to be adopted by MAP-rich developing countries<br />
in order to meet the increasing requirement of good quality extracts <strong>and</strong> essential<br />
oils <strong>for</strong> better revenue generation within the country, as well as <strong>for</strong><br />
capturing this market in developed countries.<br />
The basic parameters infl uencing the quality of an extract are<br />
the plant parts used as starting material, the solvent used <strong>for</strong> extraction, the<br />
manufacturing process (extraction technology) used with the type of equipment<br />
employed, <strong>and</strong> the crude-drug:extract ratio. The use of appropriate<br />
extraction technology, plant material, manufacturing equipment, extraction<br />
method <strong>and</strong> solvent <strong>and</strong> the adherence to good manufacturing practices<br />
certainly help to produce a good quality extract. From laboratory scale to pilot<br />
scale, all the conditions <strong>and</strong> parameters can be modelled using process<br />
simulation <strong>for</strong> successful industrial-scale production.<br />
With the advances in extraction technologies <strong>and</strong> better knowledge<br />
<strong>for</strong> maintaining quality parameters, it has become absolutely necessary<br />
to disseminate such in<strong>for</strong>mation to emerging <strong>and</strong> developing countries with<br />
a rich MAP biodiversity <strong>for</strong> the best industrial utilization of MAP resources.<br />
The experts at the South-East Asian (SEA) Regional Workshop<br />
entitled ˝<strong>Extraction</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Medicinal</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Aromatic</strong> Plants,˝ held in<br />
2006 in Lucknow, India, agreed to prepare a publication on extraction principles,<br />
technologies <strong>and</strong> analytical techniques <strong>for</strong> quality control of raw materials<br />
<strong>and</strong> processed products in the <strong>for</strong>m of extracts <strong>and</strong> essential oils <strong>for</strong> medicinal<br />
<strong>and</strong> aromatic plants. This book focuses on different techniques of hydrodistillation,<br />
steam distillation, cohobation <strong>and</strong> fractional distillation of volatile oils<br />
from aromatic plants <strong>and</strong> on water-solvent extraction <strong>and</strong> supercritical fluid<br />
extraction <strong>for</strong> medicinal plant extracts. It also discusses general, specific <strong>and</strong><br />
advanced technologies <strong>for</strong> preparing extracts of medicinal plants <strong>and</strong> the extraction<br />
of volatile oils <strong>and</strong> fragrances from aromatic plants. This book is intended<br />
to equip emerging <strong>and</strong> developing countries with techniques of extraction<br />
that can help them to produce economical <strong>and</strong> globally competitive quality<br />
extracts.<br />
Gennaro Longo<br />
Chief of Environment Area<br />
Special Adviser on Technology Development<br />
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