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attack on the UN base in Akobo and the April 17 attack on the UN base in Bor. The reports should also assess the response of UN peacekeepers during the attacks. • Ensure support to the AU Commission of Inquiry, including through the provision of names and any other relevant information about alleged perpetrators. • Establish a database of alleged perpetrators of serious violations of international humanitarian or human rights law from both government and opposition forces for the purpose of use in the future for vetting any national army or security force. • Ensure any coordination with the South Sudan Police Service, other security forces or any assistance provided to government or opposition leaders strictly complies with the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy. To the United Nations Security Council • Establish a comprehensive arms embargo on South Sudan and a UN monitoring body or panel of experts to monitor and report on implementation of the embargo. • Impose targeted sanctions, including travel bans and asset freezes, on individuals responsible for violating the arms embargo or serious violations of international humanitarian law. • Press for fair, credible, impartial investigation and prosecution of serious crimes committed during the conflict in accordance with international standards. Taking account of the current limited capacity of the South Sudanese justice system, such investigation and prosecution could be pursued through a hybrid judicial mechanism, acceptance of the ICC’s jurisdiction by the government of South Sudan, or council referral of the situation in South Sudan to the ICC. • Work to ensure urgent deployment of additional troops authorized by the Security Council in December 2013. To Troop Contributing Countries • Ensure troops are appropriately equipped and supported and consistent with the mandate of UNMISS, are ready within their capacity and area of deployment to use military force to protect civilians under threat of harm including from SPLA, 9 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | AUGUST 2014
opposition soldiers, other armed groups or armed civilians both inside and outside of UN bases. To the UN Human Rights Council • Establish a mandate for a Special Rapporteur for South Sudan • Request the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to regularly and publically report on the situation in South Sudan, and on measures needed for protection of civilians and accountability for crimes committed. To the African Union Peace and Security Council • Support a UN Security Council arms embargo on South Sudan, the establishment of a UN panel of experts or monitoring body to monitor and report on violations of the embargo, and the implementation of targeted sanctions against individuals who are responsible for violating the embargo or for serious violations of international humanitarian law. • Ensure that the African Union Commission of Inquiry has sufficient financial and logistical resources and enough investigators, with appropriate expertise including South Sudan experts, sexual and gender based violence, criminal investigators and forensics experts, to investigate and document violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law and identify individuals responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian or human rights law. To the African Union Commission of Inquiry in South Sudan • Focus resources on investigating the most serious violations, including some of the most serious incidents, identifying perpetrators of violations, and ensuring accountability for those responsible for the crimes. Ensure the African Union’s Commission of Inquiry report is made public. • Recommend fair, credible prosecutions for serious crimes committed in South Sudan in accordance with international standards of justice, acknowledging the limited capacity of the judicial system in South Sudan. Such investigation and prosecution could be pursued through a hybrid judicial mechanism, acceptance of SOUTH SUDAN’S NEW WAR 10
Page 1 and 2: H U M A N R I G H T S W A T C H SOU
Page 3 and 4: Copyright © 2014 Human Rights Watc
Page 5 and 6: IV. Attacks on Civilians in Bentiu,
Page 8 and 9: Summary ‘The leaders of the SPLA
Page 10 and 11: Tens of thousands of Nuer remain sh
Page 12 and 13: In line with international law, IGA
Page 14 and 15: monitors, independent journalists a
Page 18 and 19: the ICC’s jurisdiction by the gov
Page 20 and 21: • Counselling to address the emot
Page 22 and 23: interviews were conducted by teleph
Page 24 and 25: country, dictatorial tendencies and
Page 26 and 27: Riek escaped from Juba on the night
Page 28 and 29: continues in all three states. In m
Page 30 and 31: The new war in South Sudan began wi
Page 32 and 33: house was attacked as Riek had alre
Page 34 and 35: eatings and arrests of Nuer, mostly
Page 36 and 37: Attacks on Nuer Civilians Including
Page 38 and 39: Three witnesses separately reported
Page 40 and 41: immediately opened fire, injuring h
Page 42 and 43: Nuer were attacked at or immediatel
Page 44 and 45: army uniforms -that they were Nuer
Page 46 and 47: One young Nuer man described how so
Page 48 and 49: A member of parliament, Jal Thich w
Page 50 and 51: site was a concrete cellar, with st
Page 52 and 53: move because, he said, he was repea
Page 54 and 55: In late January government official
Page 56 and 57: At least four prisoners were shot i
Page 58 and 59: neighborhoods sometimes apparently
Page 60 and 61: decomposing bodies. In another hut
Page 62 and 63: and military uniforms, attacked the
Page 64 and 65: IV. Attacks on Civilians in Bentiu,
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office of the Sudd Petroleum Operat
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aftermath of the attack, around 30
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Attacks on Civilians by Government
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Human Rights Watch heard several re
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saw many bodies at the roundabout a
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V. Attacks on Civilians in Malakal,
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mobile and money. They pointed thei
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Images of a neighborhood in the sou
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Images of a neighborhood close to t
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On May 27, the UN Security Council
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Human Rights Reporting Public human
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VII. Justice and Accountability Leg
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no opposition forces or other milit
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during the crackdown. Several milit
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government and military leaders to
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journalists and freedom of expressi
Page 98 and 99:
government submitted a declaration
Page 100:
Since mid-December 2013, South Suda
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