Child Equity Atlas - BIDS

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Foreword About a year ago, our respective institutions signed a tripartite exchange of letters, committing to use the 2011 Bangladesh Population and Housing Census and related data to promote evidence led equity based policy on children and women in Bangladesh. This Child Equity Atlas was undertaken principally to achieve three broad goals. Firstly, to unpack the patterns of progress recorded by Bangladesh and map the prevailing pockets of key social deprivations faced by children, youth and women, between the 2001 and 2011 censuses. Secondly, analyze the pockets of social deprivations, as a call for concerted action to close the inequities between areas and population groups in the country. Thirdly, the analysis contained in the child equity analysis should contribute to policy dialogue to reform and refocus relevant policies and programmes, towards more equitable socioeconomic development in Bangladesh’s quest toward middle income status by 2021. The major focus of this analysis is children up to 18 years of age, youth as defined by demographic and international standards and women aged 15-49 years. Beyond demographics, social services and facilities, the Atlas used a composite deprivation index to measure progress and produced maps to show patterns of social development outcomes across areas and population groups, with focus on children, youth and women. About 14 indicators were extracted or computed from the census data to produce this Child Equity Atlas. With its graphs, tables, maps and analysis the Atlas presents important observations about the remarkable achievements in Bangladesh while the equity focus unearths the huge inequities still existing. The sophistication of the census analysis is demonstrated by some of the peculiar measures such as real child labour, out of school children, female teenage marriage, youth literacy and much more, drilled to the upazila (sub-district) level and wards in Dhaka City Corporation. There are several advantages and dimensions to the evidence generated in the Equity Atlas. Firstly, the census has no sampling errors by including all households, an advantage over all surveys especially at the lower geographical level. Secondly, the Equity Atlas powerfully displays the geographical location of the major problems. The maps provide a uniquely powerful visualization of the issues facing different sub-national areas and populations across the country, providing a holistic picture yet revealing greater detail to illuminate inequities by showing patterns and trends, and how children, youth and women are able to access vital resources and opportunities, and how these patterns correlate with key socioeconomic outcomes. Hence, the out of school children maps clearly show where policy instruments such as the Primary Education Stipend Programme (PESP) and the Upazila Primary Education Plans should focus more resources towards educational equity by investing in the areas with high proportion of out of school children. The Atlas also summarizes the census information in one Composite Deprivation Index (CDI), which coincides with the geographical pattern of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) priority districts derived earlier from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) of the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics and UNICEF (2009). We note the limited scope of some indicators in the short questionnaire census such as the access to water, lack of health related information, etc. Despite the limitations this Atlas shows the added value of a meticulous analysis of the census data and the presentation of the results in a user friendly way. This publication demonstrates the commitment of our institutions in promoting equity in the social development sector of the national economy. It also confirms our collective resolve to implement the National Strategy for the Development of Statistics (NSDS) by tapping into the census data source with its universal coverage, and unlimited possibilities for geographical and equity analysis. iii
We are pleased to present to the public and private sector representatives, policy makers, development partners, researchers and development community, the Child Equity Atlas and pockets of key social deprivations faced by children, youth and women in Bangladesh. Finally, we invite comments and dialogue on this publication while boldly and collectively renewing the call for evidence led policy actions to steer Bangladesh’s socioeconomic development towards more inclusive and child equity focused investments for the next decade, leading to a vision of middle income status by 2021 when the next census is due. Golam Mustafa Kamal Director General, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) Mustafa K Mujeri Director General Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) Pascal Villeneuve Representative United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Bangladesh iv
Page 1 and 2: Child Equity Atlas: Pockets of Soci
Page 3: © Bangladesh Institute of Developm
Page 7 and 8: List of Abbreviations BBS BDHS BIDS
Page 9 and 10: Chapter Five: Housing, Access to Sa
Page 11 and 12: Figure 6.1: Educational attainment
Page 14 and 15: Introduction Chapter One Introducti
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Page 20 and 21: Introduction social deprivation and
Page 22 and 23: Introduction Table 1.1: Comparison
Page 24 and 25: Population Distribution and Demogra
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Literacy, School Attendance and Edu
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Child Worker and the Sectors of Emp
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Housing, Access to Sanitary Toilet
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Situation in Urban Areas: The Case
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Pockets of Social Deprivation Chapt
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Pockets of Social Deprivation Pocke
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Pockets of Social Deprivation Map 7
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Pockets of Social Deprivation Table
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Pockets of Social Deprivation 7.1.4
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Pockets of Social Deprivation highe
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Chapter Eight Summary and Conclusio
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Summary and Conclusion Summary and
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Summary and Conclusion gap. Dispari
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Summary and Conclusion these areas
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Annexure Photo : Ibrahim Khan Moni
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Annexure ANNEX-1A: List of Indicato
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ANNEX-1C ANNEX-1C: Computing the In
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ANNEX-2: Ranges of Values Used for
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ANNEX-3A ANNEX-3A: Data Tables: Dis
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ANNEX-3A District Number of populat
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ANNEX-3A Annex Table 3.1: Literacy
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ANNEX-3A District Youth literacy ra
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ANNEX-3A Annex Table 3.1 (continued
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ANNEX-3A District Proportion out of
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ANNEX-3A District % of real child w
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ANNEX-3A Annex Table 5.1: Types of
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ANNEX-3A District % of households l
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ANNEX-3A Annex Table 6.1: Populatio
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Number of p
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Number of p
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Youth liter
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Bangshal, C
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ANNEX-3A Anneax Table 6.2 (continue
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Mohammadpur
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Proportion
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward % of real C
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward % of real C
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ANNEX-3A Annex Table 6.4: Types of
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward Dhanmondi,
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ANNEX-3A DCC Thana Ward % of househ
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ANNEX-5A: Pockets of Social Depriva
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ANNEX-5B ANNEX-5B: Pockets of Socia
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ANNEX-5B Division District Upazila
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Child Equity Atlas - BIDS

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