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QJ01D<br />
OTHER BETA-LACTAM ANTIBACTERIALS<br />
Beta-lactam antibacterials other than penicillins are classified in this group.<br />
The cephalosporins are classified into subgroups according to generations. The<br />
reference applied when defining generations is “Principles and Practice of<br />
Infectious Diseases” by Mandell, Douglas and Benett, sixth edition, 2005. For the<br />
definitions used in this textbook, see under QJ01DB, QJ01DC, QJ01DD and<br />
QJ01DE.<br />
QJ01DB<br />
First-generation cephalosporins<br />
The first generation compounds have relatively narrow spectrum of activity focused<br />
primarily on the gram-positive cocci.<br />
QJ01DC<br />
Second-generation cephalosporins<br />
The second generation cephalosporins have a variable activity against gram-positive<br />
cocci but have increased activity against gram-negative bacteria. The cephamycin<br />
group is included here.<br />
QJ01DD<br />
Third-generation cephalosporins<br />
The third generation cephalosporins have a marked activity against gram-negative<br />
bacteria. Limited activity against gram-positive cocci, particularly methicillin<br />
susceptible S. aureus, might occur.<br />
QJ01DE<br />
Fourth-generation cephalosporins<br />
The fourth generation cephalosporins have activity against gram-positive cocci and<br />
a broad array of gram-negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa and many of the<br />
Enterobacteriaceae with inducible chromosomal β-lactamases.<br />
QJ01DF<br />
Monobactams<br />
Arginin and lysine salts of aztreonam are classified in QJ01DF01; thus aztreonam<br />
for inhalation is classified together with systemic formulations.<br />
QJ01DH<br />
Carbapenems<br />
Combinations with enzyme inhibitors are classified at separate 5th levels, using the<br />
50-series.<br />
QJ01DI<br />
Other cephalosporins<br />
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