parks victoria technical series marine natural values study vol 2 ...

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Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Natural Values Study Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Figure 31. Aerial view of the coast of Cape Howe Marine National Park (QASCO 20/01/04). Photography ortho-rectified by PIRVic. Figure from Ball and Blake (2007). Table 21. Physical attributes of the Cape Howe Marine National Park. Park Name Cape Howe Conservation status Marine National Park Biophysical Region Twofold Shelf Size 4060 ha (ranked 4 th of 24) Length of coastline ~ 4.8 km Shoreline geology Sandstone & granite Area with depth:
Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study 2.4.2 MARINE HABITAT DISTRIBUTION Mapping of habitats is important for understanding and communicating the distribution of natural values within Marine National Parks and Sanctuaries, particularly as the marine environment is not as easily visualised as the terrestrial environment (Parks Victoria 2003). For management purposes, knowledge of the distribution and extent of habitats is required to more effectively target management activities, including emergency response, monitoring and research. Mapping of marine habitats provides a baseline inventory, allows the identification of suitable monitoring sites and possible tracking of environmental change, as well as identifying areas vulnerable to particular threats or suitable for recreational activities. Aerial photography (Figure 31) and satellite imagery from 2004 was used to map the intertidal and shallow (< 10 m) subtidal habitats of Cape Howe MNP (Ball and Blake 2007). The subtidal area was ground truthed in 2007 with underwater video (Ball and Blake 2007). The intertidal area could not be ground truthed due to the inaccessibility of the shore (Ball and Blake 2007). In 2004/2005 the deep (> 10 m) subtidal substrate and biota of Cape Howe MNP was surveyed and mapped acoustically (Figure 32 and Figure 33) by Holmes et al. (2007b). Underwater video transects allowed the substrate and biota to be predictively modelled for the areas not surveyed. The habitats present in Cape Howe MNP include intertidal soft sediment and some reef, extensive subtidal soft sediment and some subtidal reef, and open ocean (Figure 32 and Figure 33). Intertidally a band of rocky shore extends from the east side of Iron Prince to the NSW border, with the rest of the intertidal area being sand beach fronting an extensive dune system (Ball and Blake 2007). The majority of the shallow subtidal habitat is bare rippled sandy sediment. The shallow subtidal reef habitat is restricted to an area running parallel to the shore for a distance of approximately 700 m from the north-eastern MNP boundary extending down to depths of approximately 16 m (Ball and Blake 2007). The reef is primarily a mixture of high profile broken reef and more solid low profile reef. The inshore reef is generally broken and patchy (Ball and Blake 2007). The reef changes from low relief in the west to larger bombies, steep ledges and drop-offs in the east (Williams et al. 2007). This reef has been extensively described and sampled as part of the SRMP (Williams et al. 2007; Edmunds et al. 2010b). Based on predictive modelling, deep (> 10 m) subtidal soft sediment covers 33 sq. km of the MNP, while deep subtidal reef was mapped over 8 sq. km and located mainly in the nearshore centre of the MNP offshore of Iron Prince (Holmes et al. 2007b). An equal amount of reef is covered with sediment. The sediment is primarily sand in water < 50 m deep, while mixed sand and shell fragments in deeper water (Holmes et al. 2007b). The reef generally is flat or with a gentle slope with some drop offs. The reef structure is a mixture of solid reef and boulders (Holmes et al. 2007b). Extensive macroalgae beds, predominately of Caluerpa occur in 30 to 40 m across the MNP (Holmes et al. 2007b). 72
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4 Appendix 1 Compilation of species
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Biotic group Family Species Common
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Parks Victoria is responsible for m
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