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Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study ascidians (Power and Boxshall 2007). Deep reef assemblages contain a unique combination of organisms and the biological and physical differences mean that deeper areas may also respond differently to threats. Flora Seaweeds provide important habitat structure for other organisms on the reef. This habitat structure varies considerably, depending on the type of seaweed species present (Williams et al. 2007). The major canopy species of the shallow reef at Beware Reef MS are bull kelp Durvillaea potatorum and crayweed Phyllospora comosa, with a lesser contribution by the common kelp Ecklonia radiata (Edmunds et al. 2010b). These species have large, stalk-like stipes and form a canopy 0.5 - 2 m above the rocky substratum (Williams et al. 2007). Lower layers of structure are formed by red algae typically 10 - 30 cm high and includes Rhodymenia wilsonii, Plocamium dilatatum and R. linearis (Edmunds et al. 2010b). There is a general absence of green algal and filamentous brown and red turf species (Edmunds et al. 2010b). Beware Reef has a similar shallow reef flora to the monitored sites at Point Hicks, including a similar mixed algal canopy and a higher cover of fucalean species, such as Cystophora spp. and Sargassum spp., and fleshy thallose red algae (Edmunds et al. 2010b). The cover of crustose coralline algae at Beware Reef MS varies a lot between monitoring times, but is characterised by a lower cover of encrusting coralline algae than Cape Howe (Edmunds et al. 2010b). Bull kelp D. potatorum has not been observed at the other MPA or reference monitoring sites in the bioregion. It is a large robust species adapted to living in highly exposed conditions. Its abundance has been observed to increase with decreasing abundance of E. radiata (Edmunds et al. 2010b). There have been limited studies on seaweeds in the Twofold Shelf bioregion, but a considerable number of rare and new species have been documented (Edmunds et al. 2010b). Figure 44. Banjo ray Trygonorrhina fasciata on subtidal reef in Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. Photo taken by Friends of Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. 97
Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 79 Flinders and Twofold Shelf Bioregions Marine Natural Values Study Figure 45. Female herring cale Odax cyanomelas in Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. Photo taken by Friends of Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. Figure 46. Rosy weedfish Heteroclinus roseus in the understory of bull kelp Ecklonia radiata canopy. Photo taken by Friends of Beware Reef Marine Sanctuary. Invertebrate fauna 98
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Figure 15. Location of habitat type
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Page 61 and 62: Figure 17. Location map of Point Hi
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Page 85 and 86: Figure 30. Location map of Cape How
Page 89 and 90: Figure 33. Biota mapping of Cape Ho
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Page 139 and 140: 4 Appendix 1 Compilation of species
Page 141 and 142: Biotic group Family Species Common
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