Drainage Design Manual, Hydrology - Flood Control District of ...

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Drainage Design Manual for Maricopa County Figure 5.5 RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT K b Hydrology: Unit Hydrograph Procedures AS A FUNCTION OF WATERSHED SIZE AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS CHARACTERISTICS 0.20 0.18 0.16 D - Maximum Roughness 0.14 Resistance Coefficient, K b 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 C - Moderately High Roughness B - Moderately Low Roughness 0.04 A - Minimal Roughness 0.02 0.00 1 10 100 1000 10000 Watershed Surface Area, in acres 5-16 August 15, 2013
Drainage Design Manual for Maricopa County Hydrology: Unit Hydrograph Procedures Table 5.3 EQUATION FOR ESTIMATING K b IN THE T c EQUATION K b = m log A + b Where A is drainage area, in acres Equation Parameters Type Description Typical Applications m b A Minimal roughness: Relatively smooth and/or well graded and uniform land surfaces. Surfaces runoff is sheet flow. Commercial/industrial areas Residential area Parks and golf courses -0.00625 0.04 B Moderately low roughness: Land surfaces have irregularly spaced roughness elements that protrude from the surface but the overall character of the surface is relatively uniform. Surface runoff is predominately sheet flow around the roughness elements. Agricultural fields Pastures Desert rangelands Undeveloped urban lands -0.01375 0.08 C Moderately high roughness: Land surfaces that have significant large to medium-sized roughness elements and/or poorly graded land surfaces that cause the flow to be diverted around the roughness elements. Surface runoff is sheet flow for short distances draining into meandering drainage paths. Hillslopes Brushy alluvial fans Hilly rangeland Disturbed land, mining, etc. Forests with underbrush -0.025 0.15 D Maximum roughness: Rough land surfaces with tortuous flow paths. Surface runoff is concentrated in numerous short flow paths that are often oblique to the main flow direction. Mountains Some wetlands -0.030 0.20 Note: A is the area of the entire subbasin, not the area of the surface type A, B, C or D within the subbasin. 5.5.2 Storage Coefficient Very little literature exists on the estimation of the storage coefficient (R) for the Clark Unit Hydrograph. Clark (1945) had originally proposed a relation between T c and R since they can both be defined by locating the inflection point of a runoff hydrograph (refer to Figure 5.2). The Corps of Engineers discuss the development of regionalized relations for T c and R as functions of watersheds characteristics in Training Document No. 15 (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1982b). According to Corps procedures, T c and R are estimated from relations of T c + R and R / (T c + R) August 15, 2013 5-17
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