Drainage Design Manual, Hydrology - Flood Control District of ...

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Drainage Design Manual for Maricopa County Hydrology: Unit Hydrograph Procedures Figure 5.2 DEFINITION SKETCH OF CLARK UNIT HYDROGRAPH PARAMETERS FROM HYDROGRAPH ANALYSIS The application of the Clark Unit Hydrograph method is best described with a simple example. A watershed is shown in Figure 5.3(a), and a rainfall hyetograph and rainfall excess distribution area shown in Figure 5.3(b). For the example watershed and given intensity of rainfall excess, the time of concentration is estimated at 25 minutes. An isochrone interval of 5 minutes is selected and the watershed is divided into five zones by isochrones as shown in Figure 5.3(a). The areas within each isochrone zone are measured and the dimensionless time-area relation is developed as shown in the table and depicted in Figure 5.3(c). The translation hydrograph of the time rate of runoff is developed by considering each incremental unit of runoff production that would be available as inflow to a watershed routing model. The runoff that is available at the outlet of the watershed is the product of incremental area and rainfall excess. 5-6 August 15, 2013
Drainage Design Manual for Maricopa County Hydrology: Unit Hydrograph Procedures At the end of the first 5 minutes of rainfall excess, the available runoff at the outlet of the watershed is: c I 1 = ( A 1 R 1 ) × ---- Δt where: c = 60.5 cfs/acre-inch/minute Δt = 5 minutes I 1 = (8 acres)(0.10 inch)(60.5 cfs/acre-inch/minute)/(5 minutes) = 9.7 cfs At the end of 10 minutes the available runoff is: I 2 = ( A 1 R 2 + A 2 R 1 )---- c Δt = 60.5 [( 8) (.55) + ( 24) (.10)] × --------- 5 = 82.3 cfs At the end of 15 minutes the available runoff is: c I 3 = ( A 1 R 3 + A 2 R 2 + A 3 R 1 ) × ---- Δt = 60.5 [( 8) (.30) + ( 24) (.55) + ( 38) (.10)] × --------- 5 = 234.7 cfs At the end of 20 minutes the available runoff is: c I 4 = ( A 1 R 4 + A 2 R 3 + A 3 R 2 + A 4 R 1 ) × ---- Δt = 60.5 [( 8) (.15) + ( 24) (.30) + ( 38) (.55) + ( 32) (.10)] × --------- 5 = 393.3 cfs At the end of 25 minutes the available runoff is: c I 5 = ( A 1 R 5 + A 2 R 4 + A 3 R 3 + A 4 R 2 + A 5 R 1 ) × ---- Δt 60.5 = [( 8) ( 0) + ( 24) (.15) + ( 38) (.30) + ( 32) (.55) + ( 18) (.10)] × --------- 5 August 15, 2013 5-7
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