Children - Terre des Hommes

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71 Quarry is a very big area spread over 10 km, and 26 workers’ communities are settled here. It was difficult to count the number of children working, due to the presence of mine owners. In Samarth Stone Quarry, it was reported that 30 children were not attending the Pashan Shala but going for daily wage labour. In MT Patil Stone Quarry in Nashik, 20 children do not attend the Pashan Shala. In the nine stone quarries we found that there were around 352 children who would have all been child labour but for Santulan. Problems in Attending School Apart from the economic reason, children do not have education facilities as the colonies of the mine workers are far from the local village. So the school is too far from their homes, for the children. Parents also expressed their fears about the heavy traffic of tractors carrying loads and said that it was not safe for children to walk on these roads. As the parents leave for work in the early hours of the day and only return late in the evening, the older children have the responsibility of their siblings at the house as well as at the mine site, to watch over them for any blasting or hazardous activities in the surroundings. Besides, the children in the age group of 10–13 have to do most of the household chores, and they are always late for school or have to take their siblings along with them. At noon time, many of the children have to take food for their parents to the mine site. Open cast stone quarries without any protection wall (Photo September 2009) Most of the children interviewed had terrifying stories to narrate about their experiences working in the mines, about the death or illness of their parents because of which they had to accompany other adults for work and how the only relief came in the form of the Pashan Shalas. For example, a 12 year old girl from Gore Wati said, “My father died of some illness and therefore I had to go with my mother to the quarry.” and broke down into tears when asked to talk about her work there. It was not possible to verify the education status of the children in the study area from secondary reports because none of the mine workers’ colonies figure in the Census or school education records of the Ministry of Human Resource Development. As the children do not go to the village or panchayat schools, we have not included the school data from these government schools. Hence our only means of verification was the statements of the workers’ families and interviews with children, which was extremely difficult, given the intimidating atmosphere that the children were working. Alternately, we went through the records of the Pashan Shalas run by Santulan as these records give a picture of the mining children who would have been out of school or be child labourers if the Pashan shalas did not exist. Table 2.03 provides information on some aspects of enrolment in Pashan Shalas. Migration into the quarry regions in search of work is also a serious concern and affects the education of children. Table 2.04 provides some information on migrant shildren. Table 2.04 gives a highly underestimated picture of the migrant children in each district in Maharashtra. The experience of Santulan, as reflected in their Pashan Shala records, clearly indicates that the situation is far worse than what is officially projected. The Assistant Labour Commissioner of Pune district admitted that it was only because of Santulan that many of the mine workers’ children are attending school. They do not have a single NCLP school in Pune. According to him, they can only run an NCLP school if they have a minimum of 50 children at any given place and since this was difficult and as most children work in restaurants, mechanic shops and other petty stores, the government is not running NCLP schools. He informed that the government is taking the initiative to rescue child workers by setting up a task-force with the help of NGOs and child welfare committees, but this was, however, not very evident in the mine sites visited where there was no NGO intervention. Wages Mine labour is erratic and economically unviable, most times. Each worker gets Rs. 25–30 for a tractor load of stone, and seven to eight persons work together to fill one tractor. A
72 Table 2.03: Santulan Pashan Shala records of enrolment S.No. Pashan Shala School Level of the School-going Out-of- school Children going Mid-day School children children for work meal (6–18 years) (6–18 years) (6–18 years) facility 1 Vagheshwar Pashan Shala Nursery– 110 None None Yes class IV 2 Gore Wasti Pashan Shala Class V–VII 80 None None Yes 3 Suyog Nagar Pashan Shala Nursery 50 None None Yes 4 Datta Stone Quarry area Nursery– 45 None None Yes Pashan Shala class IV 5 Mahalaxmi Stone Quarry Nursery 11 None 5 Yes Pashan Shala 6 Mhatere Stone Quarry Nursery– 30 None 7 Yes Pashan Shala class VII 7 Samarth Stone Quarry No school Not a single child 30 16 No Pashan Shala is going to school 8 MT Patil Stone Quarry Newly 26 Around 20 8 No Pashan Shala (Nashik) opened 9 Sai Stone Quarry and other New quarry Not a single -- 150 No stone quarries Pashan Shala child is going (Nashik) to school Total 352 186 Source: Pashan Shala records, Santulan, Pune Table 2.04: District data on migrant children Year Total no. District-wise migrated number of children Total Percentage of children Pune Ahmadnagar Kolhapur Satara Sangali migration 1997-98 84 21 - - - - 21 25 1998-99 148 26 - - - - 26 18 1999-2000 186 63 - - - - 63 34 2000-01 400 75 - - - - 75 19 2001-02 534 150 - - - - 150 28 2002-03 667 125 16 - - - 141 21 2003-04 1,388 352 8 - - - 360 26 2004-05 1,882 722 5 138 34 - 949 46 2005-06 2,028 591 13 165 3 20 792 39 2006-07 2,001 670 20 175 20 15 900 45 Total 9,318 2,795 62 478 57 35 3,477 37.31 Source: Dagad Phool, Santulan, 2007-08
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India’s Childhood in the "Pits" A
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iii Acknowledgements This report, c
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Table of Contents About the Study 3
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4 List of states and districts visi
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6 However, closer observation of th
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8 In addition, almost all work perf
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10 Impacts Children are affected di
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12 is mandatory and this must be
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15 National Overview Mining has imp
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17 Table 1.2: Number of illegal min
Page 22 and 23: 19 Table 1.3: Key indicators in min
Page 24 and 25: 21 migrate to plain areas or are co
Page 26 and 27: 23 had no land to start with and wo
Page 28 and 29: 25 Although there is no data to sho
Page 30 and 31: 27 2,055 children enrolled in Santu
Page 32 and 33: 29 we will eat tomorrow,” said a
Page 34 and 35: 31 GURIA is a dark-eyed little girl
Page 36 and 37: 33 Serious health problems have alr
Page 38 and 39: 35 In several districts of Rajastha
Page 40 and 41: 37 Table 1.4: Total number of child
Page 42 and 43: 39 Bearing in mind that many of the
Page 44 and 45: 41 children are working in mines in
Page 46 and 47: 43 significant problem. A study car
Page 48 and 49: 45 Part II State Reports 1. Karnata
Page 50 and 51: 48 basic healthcare to its populati
Page 52 and 53: 50 Kolar district: Key facts Total
Page 54 and 55: 52 and pursued higher education. Th
Page 56 and 57: 54 has created a peculiar aesthetic
Page 58 and 59: 56 number of children working in th
Page 60 and 61: 58 almost every child is absent for
Page 62 and 63: 60 Table 2.02: Survey on children n
Page 64 and 65: 62 the village were cough, eye infe
Page 66 and 67: 65 Maharashtra State Overview Mahar
Page 68 and 69: 67 154 are in Maharashtra (making i
Page 70 and 71: 69 poverty, (ii) education, (iii) h
Page 74 and 75: 73 family works as a unit and manag
Page 76 and 77: 75 Table 2.06: Class-wise distribut
Page 78 and 79: 77 Children in stone quarries hit b
Page 80 and 81: 80 Literacy levels are also poor in
Page 82 and 83: 82 and quarrying in the state. Of t
Page 84 and 85: 84 Follow up interviews were carrie
Page 86 and 87: 86 At Thumbli village, residents ex
Page 88 and 89: 88 usually not strong enough to car
Page 90 and 91: 90 Inadequate Health Facilities Sev
Page 92 and 93: 92 Many of the Workers in the Mines
Page 94 and 95: 94 that 296,979 children aged betwe
Page 96 and 97: 96 This case study covered two mine
Page 98 and 99: 98 Traditional Forest Dwellers (Rec
Page 100 and 101: 100 in the mine sites ekeing out a
Page 102 and 103: 102 Conclusions Panna, once a rich
Page 104 and 105: 104 Commission, Government of India
Page 106 and 107: 106 The top five most mined distric
Page 108 and 109: 108 There are several other content
Page 110 and 111: 110 Table 2.11: Enrolment of childr
Page 112 and 113: 112 companies for their power plant
Page 114 and 115: 115 Jharkhand State Overview The st
Page 116 and 117: 117 population who live in these fo
Page 118 and 119: 119 around coal, but to also provid
Page 120 and 121: 121 Status of Anganwadi Centres and
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123 due to multiple government duti
Page 124 and 125:
125 Uranium Corporation of India Li
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128 farming and forestry. It is the
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130 attendance at birth, the high p
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132 were displaced for mining proje
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134 the impacts are visibly evident
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136 for construction and other indu
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138 Table 2.17: School enrolment da
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140 village also complained of cont
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142 about the status of children in
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144 exposed to the toxicity from th
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146 for labour elsewhere. The prese
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148 State Excesses and Human Rights
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150 Table 2.25: Information collect
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152 The DP Camp is far away from th
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154 Naik and Mr. Prahlad Naid who a
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156 Social Cost of Displacement As
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158 Table 2.32: Comparative village
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160 Rajabandha also has a low cost
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162 on land to be acquired in some
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165 Andhra Pradesh State Overview T
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167 Mining in Andhra Pradesh Almost
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169 small areas where there are qua
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171 other families also working in
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173 Nature of Quarry Work Tradition
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175 Conclusions The three micro-lev
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Part III Summary and Recommendation
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180 Whose Child is India’s Mining
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182 attention on child labour issue
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184 are not working in the mines.
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186 proposed to be the basis of th
Page 184 and 185:
188 explored, clear design and work
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OUR EXPERIENCE WITH THE RIGHT TO IN
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193 Andhra Pradesh areas. Appr
Page 190 and 191:
195 Tamil Nadu Orissa informati
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197 compensation for land and R
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Annexures
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200 Karnataka The tables below give
Page 198 and 199:
202 Drop-out children brought back
Page 200 and 201:
205 Glossary Adivasi: The term used
Page 202 and 203:
207 and educational development. Pa
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Children - Terre des Hommes

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