Children - Terre des Hommes

More documents

Recommendations

Info

19 Table 1.3: Key indicators in mining districts District / State Child population* (0-14 years) SC % to total * population ST % to total * population Literacy rate* % children 6-14 years # out of school Number of child labour* (0-14 years) NCLP district + Under 5 mortality rate ^ (ranking out of 593 districts) Backward district ~ Adilabad, Andhra Pradesh 902,720 18.54 16.74 52.68 8.1 48,974 Yes 122 Yes Bastar, Chhattisgarh 496,762 2.96 66.31 43.91 6.0 49,289 No 496 Yes Dantewada, Chhattisgarh 283,002 3.36 78.52 30.17 N/A 30,121 Yes 578 Yes Raigarh, Chhattisgarh 430,372 14.20 35.58 70.17 3.2 14,599 Yes 443 Yes Sarguja, Chhattisgarh 763,783 4.81 54.60 54.79 7.3 55,788 Yes 393 Yes Hazaribagh, Jharkhand 937,835 15.02 11.78 57.74 1.5 26,079 Yes 193 Yes East Singhbhum, Jharkhand 644,316 4.75 27.85 68.79 4.6 14,781 No 189 Yes West Singhbhum, Jharkhand 811,610 4.88 53.36 50.17 N/A 45,663 Yes 362 Yes Bellary, Karnataka 749,227 18.46 17.99 57.40 14.1 66,897 Yes 380 No Gulbarga, Karnataka 1,240,869 22.92 4.92 50.01 13.6 98,912 Yes 224 Yes Kolar, Karnataka 803,954 26.49 8.11 62.84 0.7 44,354 No 117 No Panna, Madhya Pradesh 349,322 20.00 15.39 61.36 1.5 13,113 No 587 Yes Chandrapur, Maharashtra 646,241 14.34 18.12 73.17 1.6 10,259 No 311 Yes Nashik, Maharashtra 1,737,036 8.62 50.19 64.86 1.9 55,927 Yes 87 No Pune, Maharashtra 3,769,128 10.53 3.62 80.45 0.9 34,768 Yes 4 No Yavatmal, Maharashtra 832,599 10.28 19.26 73.62 3.7 20,732 Yes 220 Yes West Khasi Hills, Meghalaya 140,566 0.01 98.02 65.15 0.0 6,882 No 419 No Keonjhar, Orissa 548,357 11.62 44.50 59.24 7.7 13,171 No 455 Yes Koraput, Orissa 423,358 13.04 49.62 35.72 17.0 23,903 Yes 540 Yes Rayagada, Orissa 303,760 13.92 55.76 36.16 17.7 16,893 Yes 565 Yes Sundargarh, Orissa 611,228 8.62 50.19 64.86 4.8 19,537 No 372 Yes Barmer, Rajasthan 847,335 15.73 6.04 58.99 11.4 58,320 Yes 407 No Jaisalmer, Rajasthan 216,264 14.58 5.48 50.97 15.0 12,869 No 332 No Jodhpur, Rajasthan 1,170,568 15.81 2.76 56.67 12.1 51,206 Yes 249 No Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu 655,105 27.76 0.52 71.01 0.8 11,961 No 104 Yes Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh 618,672 41.92 0.03 49.22 6.5 16,418 Yes 460 Yes India 363,610,812 16.2 8.2 61 - 12,666,377 - - - Source: * Census 2001; # Pratham’s ASER 2008; + http://labour.nic.in/cwl/ChildLabour.htm; ^ Jansankhya Sthirata Kosh; ~ Planning Commission
20 area affected by the Vedanta project in Orissa are from Scheduled Tribes. Coal is considered one of the most polluting mining activities and has serious implications on climate change concerns. Yet India’s agenda of coal expansion in the coming will be met from coal-based power — is bound to have serious long term impacts on a large population of children, especially Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe children, who live in the coal mining region of the central Indian belt, which consist of some of the most backward states like Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh and parts of the North East like Meghalaya. Specific situation of tribal children Even under usual circumstances, statistics show that tribal children in India still struggle to access basic services such as education and healthcare. According to the Ministry for Tribe children remain out of school. 28 Continued exclusion and discrimination within the education system have resulted in dropout rates remaining the highest amongst Scheduled Tribe children as compared to all other social groups. The majority of health indicators show far poorer results for children from Scheduled Tribe populations as compared to the national average. The most recent National Family Health infant and child mortality rates remain very high amongst tribals. Tribal children are also still less likely to receive immunisation. 30 The Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food, Jean Zielger, in his report based on his mission to India in August 2005, wrote that most victims of starvation are women and children of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, with their deaths mainly due to discrimination in the food based schemes. According to his report, this was because of discrimination in access to food and productive resources, evictions from lands, and a lack of implementation of food based schemes despite laws prohibiting discrimination and “untouchability.” 31 Given that tribal children still face enormous challenges in terms of access to food, education and healthcare, displacement by mining projects increases their vulnerabilities further and renders their survival and development even more precarious. Displacement also has a serious psychological impact on children, who need a degree of security and stability in their upbringing. One of the fundamental concerns with regard to displacement of adivasi communities for mining projects is the loss of constitutional protection for their children. The rehabilitation policy and the new tribal policy have been diluted from the earlier position of land-for-land as compensation, to a mere monetary compensation if there was no possibility of providing land. Further, the rehabilitation policy also specifies that no rehabilitation will be undertaken in the Scheduled Areas where less than 250 families are proposed to be affected. This, at one stroke, deprives the next generation of adivasi children of the land transfer regulations under the Fifth Schedule, whose families are alienated from their lands for mining projects. As these families either The situation of tribal children in the mining areas of Jodhpur, Rajasthan, is a case in point. The residents of Bhat Basti had previously been nomadic, roaming around the countryside with their livestock. However, lack of available land for animal grazing, as a result of urbanisation and industrialisation, forced them to settle in one location almost 20 years ago, where all the adults and many of the children now work as daily wage labourers in the local stone quarries. None of the 200-odd children in the village attended school and all were illiterate. They lived in kachha housing, made of stones and covered with black tarpaulin sheets. There was no running water, electricity or sanitation available in the village. The children had received no vaccinations apart from polio and all are malnourished. The research team met one severely malnourished boy who was claimed to be two years old but looked like a baby of no more than nine months. 27. Tata AIG Risk Management Services Ltd, Rapid environmental impact assessment report for bauxite mine proposed by Sterlite Industries Ltd near Lanjigarh, Orissa, August 2002, p. 7 of the executive summary. 28. For a full overview on Scheduled Tribe children and education, see Status of Children in India: 2008, published by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights. 29. Ministry of Human Resource Development, Chapter on Elementary Education (SSA and Girls Education) for the XI th Plan Working Group Report, 2007, pp. 14. 30. For a full overview on Scheduled Tribe children and health, see Status of Children in India: 2008, published by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights. Paradox of Hunger amidst Plenty. 31. Report of the Special Rapporteur on Right to Food, Jean Ziegler, on his Mission to India (August 20-September 2, 2005. Combat Law Volume 5 Issue 3. June-July 2006.
Page 2 and 3: India’s Childhood in the "Pits" A
Page 4 and 5: iii Acknowledgements This report, c
Page 6 and 7: Table of Contents About the Study 3
Page 8 and 9: 4 List of states and districts visi
Page 10 and 11: 6 However, closer observation of th
Page 12 and 13: 8 In addition, almost all work perf
Page 14 and 15: 10 Impacts Children are affected di
Page 16 and 17: 12 is mandatory and this must be
Page 18 and 19: 15 National Overview Mining has imp
Page 20 and 21: 17 Table 1.2: Number of illegal min
Page 24 and 25: 21 migrate to plain areas or are co
Page 26 and 27: 23 had no land to start with and wo
Page 28 and 29: 25 Although there is no data to sho
Page 30 and 31: 27 2,055 children enrolled in Santu
Page 32 and 33: 29 we will eat tomorrow,” said a
Page 34 and 35: 31 GURIA is a dark-eyed little girl
Page 36 and 37: 33 Serious health problems have alr
Page 38 and 39: 35 In several districts of Rajastha
Page 40 and 41: 37 Table 1.4: Total number of child
Page 42 and 43: 39 Bearing in mind that many of the
Page 44 and 45: 41 children are working in mines in
Page 46 and 47: 43 significant problem. A study car
Page 48 and 49: 45 Part II State Reports 1. Karnata
Page 50 and 51: 48 basic healthcare to its populati
Page 52 and 53: 50 Kolar district: Key facts Total
Page 54 and 55: 52 and pursued higher education. Th
Page 56 and 57: 54 has created a peculiar aesthetic
Page 58 and 59: 56 number of children working in th
Page 60 and 61: 58 almost every child is absent for
Page 62 and 63: 60 Table 2.02: Survey on children n
Page 64 and 65: 62 the village were cough, eye infe
Page 66 and 67: 65 Maharashtra State Overview Mahar
Page 68 and 69: 67 154 are in Maharashtra (making i
Page 70 and 71: 69 poverty, (ii) education, (iii) h
Page 72 and 73:
71 Quarry is a very big area spread
Page 74 and 75:
73 family works as a unit and manag
Page 76 and 77:
75 Table 2.06: Class-wise distribut
Page 78 and 79:
77 Children in stone quarries hit b
Page 80 and 81:
80 Literacy levels are also poor in
Page 82 and 83:
82 and quarrying in the state. Of t
Page 84 and 85:
84 Follow up interviews were carrie
Page 86 and 87:
86 At Thumbli village, residents ex
Page 88 and 89:
88 usually not strong enough to car
Page 90 and 91:
90 Inadequate Health Facilities Sev
Page 92 and 93:
92 Many of the Workers in the Mines
Page 94 and 95:
94 that 296,979 children aged betwe
Page 96 and 97:
96 This case study covered two mine
Page 98 and 99:
98 Traditional Forest Dwellers (Rec
Page 100 and 101:
100 in the mine sites ekeing out a
Page 102 and 103:
102 Conclusions Panna, once a rich
Page 104 and 105:
104 Commission, Government of India
Page 106 and 107:
106 The top five most mined distric
Page 108 and 109:
108 There are several other content
Page 110 and 111:
110 Table 2.11: Enrolment of childr
Page 112 and 113:
112 companies for their power plant
Page 114 and 115:
115 Jharkhand State Overview The st
Page 116 and 117:
117 population who live in these fo
Page 118 and 119:
119 around coal, but to also provid
Page 120 and 121:
121 Status of Anganwadi Centres and
Page 122 and 123:
123 due to multiple government duti
Page 124 and 125:
125 Uranium Corporation of India Li
Page 126 and 127:
128 farming and forestry. It is the
Page 128 and 129:
130 attendance at birth, the high p
Page 130 and 131:
132 were displaced for mining proje
Page 132 and 133:
134 the impacts are visibly evident
Page 134 and 135:
136 for construction and other indu
Page 136 and 137:
138 Table 2.17: School enrolment da
Page 138 and 139:
140 village also complained of cont
Page 140 and 141:
142 about the status of children in
Page 142 and 143:
144 exposed to the toxicity from th
Page 144 and 145:
146 for labour elsewhere. The prese
Page 146 and 147:
148 State Excesses and Human Rights
Page 148 and 149:
150 Table 2.25: Information collect
Page 150 and 151:
152 The DP Camp is far away from th
Page 152 and 153:
154 Naik and Mr. Prahlad Naid who a
Page 154 and 155:
156 Social Cost of Displacement As
Page 156 and 157:
158 Table 2.32: Comparative village
Page 158 and 159:
160 Rajabandha also has a low cost
Page 160 and 161:
162 on land to be acquired in some
Page 162 and 163:
165 Andhra Pradesh State Overview T
Page 164 and 165:
167 Mining in Andhra Pradesh Almost
Page 166 and 167:
169 small areas where there are qua
Page 168 and 169:
171 other families also working in
Page 170 and 171:
173 Nature of Quarry Work Tradition
Page 172 and 173:
175 Conclusions The three micro-lev
Page 174 and 175:
Part III Summary and Recommendation
Page 176 and 177:
180 Whose Child is India’s Mining
Page 178 and 179:
182 attention on child labour issue
Page 180 and 181:
184 are not working in the mines.
Page 182 and 183:
186 proposed to be the basis of th
Page 184 and 185:
188 explored, clear design and work
Page 186 and 187:
OUR EXPERIENCE WITH THE RIGHT TO IN
Page 188 and 189:
193 Andhra Pradesh areas. Appr
Page 190 and 191:
195 Tamil Nadu Orissa informati
Page 192 and 193:
197 compensation for land and R
Page 194 and 195:
Annexures
Page 196 and 197:
200 Karnataka The tables below give
Page 198 and 199:
202 Drop-out children brought back
Page 200 and 201:
205 Glossary Adivasi: The term used
Page 202 and 203:
207 and educational development. Pa
show all

Children - Terre des Hommes

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?