Children - Terre des Hommes

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136 for construction and other industrial activities. The literacy rates in all these affected villages vary between 10–30 per cent with the exception of Damanjodi, which has a 60–70 per cent rate due to outsiders settling here. Displaced camp, Damanjodi (Photo June 2009) Compensation for land was given only to farmers who had pattas (title deeds), so some of the adivasi and dalit families who did not possess pattas did not receive any compensation and also lost their livelihood. The PAPs also reported that most of the families are now working as landless labourers either in agriculture, animal rearing or as daily wage labourers Employment at the company was given at the most, to one person per family where the eldest son got a job and the others had to become landless labourers. Jobs were given only if both land and house were taken away. The nature of jobs given to the displaced persons, involved mainly semiskilled and unskilled work such as drivers, operators, office attendants and manual labour. The people reported that in the 25 years of the company’s existence, only seven out of all the displaced people were promoted from unskilled to semiskilled level. Of the displaced who got jobs, 108 persons are dead and more than 20 have retired, but none of their family members were given jobs after them. So far only 20 women from the displaced communities are working in the company according to the PAPs. In Champapadar DP camp 59 persons of the 75 displaced families, got jobs of which only seven are Table 2.15: Population of affected villages Sl. No. Village name Families Total No. of Compensation No. of jobs affected amount of families received from NALCO land lost displaced 1 Amalabadi -- -- -- -- 200 2 Champapadar 75 Data not 75 Average 59 available Rs.1,500 per acre 3 Damanjodi 170 Data not 170 Average 170 available Rs.1,500 per acre 4 Gouduguda -- -- -- -- -- 5 Janiguda 129 240 acres No Average 0 households displacement Rs. 1,500 per acre 6 Marichimala More Data not 1 Rs. 1,550 1 than 50 available per acre 7 Putsil Above 20 Data not 18 Around 18 available Rs. 1,300 per acre Note: 1. Amalabadi is where the new DP camp was set up. 2. Gouduguda is a village located next to the bauxite mining. While no land or house has been lost the residents here are indirectly affected as a result of mining Source: PAP unions and village elders (figures are approximate based on people’s statements)
137 from SC community and rest are OBCs. In Amalabadi DP camp there are more than 400 families but only 200 managed to get jobs in the company. NALCO acquired 240 acres of agricultural land from the community in Janiguda village but none of the families were given any jobs. They merely received meagre cash compensation in 1981. In Marichimala, of the more than 50 affected households, only one person who lost both land and house was given a job with the company, while in Putsil 18 families, who lost both land and house, were given a job. Table 2.15 gives data collected in some of the affected villages visited by the study team regarding families affected, compensation provided and jobs in the company. Education Status of Children Living in the Mining-affected Villages There are two schools maintained by NALCO—Delhi Public School which is an English medium school and the second is the Saraswathi Vidya Mandir which is an Oriya medium school. It was seen that the educational institutions these institutions and have very unreliable transport facilities. The people also reported that they do not like to send their children to the NALCO run school as the children cannot cope with the curriculum and many of them drop out in high school. Besides, the social barriers between adivasi and dalit children and those of employees and management level staff of NALCO are another cause for the displaced community children not attending these schools. Most of them attend the government primary and upper primary schools, which have poor infrastructure and quality of teaching. School drop-out rates are seen to be alarming in the area. Table 2.16 is indicative of the high drop-out rates among children in the affected villages. This is also indicative of the number of children who are involved in child labour. Table 2.17 gives the official DISE data as a comparison for some of the affected villages. In the Janiguda village school, there are two regular teachers and one para-teacher but out of them, only the headmaster is regular to the school, as reported by the villagers. The school building is in very poor condition and has minimal infrastructure facilities for students. The headmaster stated that the school drop-out rates are increasing and this is an issue of concern as children are taken for agricultural labour Table 2.16: Some data on children of affected families in Koraput district District Block Village Total number Total no. of No of child No of school of children school going labourers drop-outs children Koraput Damanjodi Amalabadi 800–900 250–300 150 20 last year Koraput Champapadar 300 60–70 50–70 Data not available Damanjodi Damanjodi 3,000-3,500 Around 2,500 500–600 Data not available Kakiriguma Goudaguda 650–700 222 60 15–20 last year Damanjodi Janiguda Around 250 30–35 Around 150 More than 150 Source: Local community leaders (figures are approximate based on people’s statements) set up by the company are mainly for children of employees and management staff and not for the local communities. Hence, almost none of the adivasi and dalit children of the displaced families or surrounding villages attend the company run schools except for the children of employees living here. For one, the schools are located close to the township where the employees live, whereas the affected adivasi and dalit communities and the DP camps are located far away from or for grazing cattle. At least 50–60 children from Goudaguda village were reported to have dropped out from school and 20– 30 children were irregular. At Janiguda the villagers reported that more than 150 children had dropped out of school. There is one primary school, which barely functions regularly, in Champapadar village. For a colony of its size, there are only 3–4 college level students and 4–5 youth with a diploma.
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India’s Childhood in the "Pits" A
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iii Acknowledgements This report, c
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Table of Contents About the Study 3
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4 List of states and districts visi
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6 However, closer observation of th
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8 In addition, almost all work perf
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10 Impacts Children are affected di
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12 is mandatory and this must be
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15 National Overview Mining has imp
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17 Table 1.2: Number of illegal min
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19 Table 1.3: Key indicators in min
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21 migrate to plain areas or are co
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23 had no land to start with and wo
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25 Although there is no data to sho
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27 2,055 children enrolled in Santu
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29 we will eat tomorrow,” said a
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31 GURIA is a dark-eyed little girl
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33 Serious health problems have alr
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35 In several districts of Rajastha
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37 Table 1.4: Total number of child
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39 Bearing in mind that many of the
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41 children are working in mines in
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43 significant problem. A study car
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45 Part II State Reports 1. Karnata
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48 basic healthcare to its populati
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50 Kolar district: Key facts Total
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52 and pursued higher education. Th
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54 has created a peculiar aesthetic
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56 number of children working in th
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58 almost every child is absent for
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60 Table 2.02: Survey on children n
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62 the village were cough, eye infe
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65 Maharashtra State Overview Mahar
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67 154 are in Maharashtra (making i
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69 poverty, (ii) education, (iii) h
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71 Quarry is a very big area spread
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73 family works as a unit and manag
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75 Table 2.06: Class-wise distribut
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77 Children in stone quarries hit b
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80 Literacy levels are also poor in
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82 and quarrying in the state. Of t
Page 84 and 85: 84 Follow up interviews were carrie
Page 86 and 87: 86 At Thumbli village, residents ex
Page 88 and 89: 88 usually not strong enough to car
Page 90 and 91: 90 Inadequate Health Facilities Sev
Page 92 and 93: 92 Many of the Workers in the Mines
Page 94 and 95: 94 that 296,979 children aged betwe
Page 96 and 97: 96 This case study covered two mine
Page 98 and 99: 98 Traditional Forest Dwellers (Rec
Page 100 and 101: 100 in the mine sites ekeing out a
Page 102 and 103: 102 Conclusions Panna, once a rich
Page 104 and 105: 104 Commission, Government of India
Page 106 and 107: 106 The top five most mined distric
Page 108 and 109: 108 There are several other content
Page 110 and 111: 110 Table 2.11: Enrolment of childr
Page 112 and 113: 112 companies for their power plant
Page 114 and 115: 115 Jharkhand State Overview The st
Page 116 and 117: 117 population who live in these fo
Page 118 and 119: 119 around coal, but to also provid
Page 120 and 121: 121 Status of Anganwadi Centres and
Page 122 and 123: 123 due to multiple government duti
Page 124 and 125: 125 Uranium Corporation of India Li
Page 126 and 127: 128 farming and forestry. It is the
Page 128 and 129: 130 attendance at birth, the high p
Page 130 and 131: 132 were displaced for mining proje
Page 132 and 133: 134 the impacts are visibly evident
Page 136 and 137: 138 Table 2.17: School enrolment da
Page 138 and 139: 140 village also complained of cont
Page 140 and 141: 142 about the status of children in
Page 142 and 143: 144 exposed to the toxicity from th
Page 144 and 145: 146 for labour elsewhere. The prese
Page 146 and 147: 148 State Excesses and Human Rights
Page 148 and 149: 150 Table 2.25: Information collect
Page 150 and 151: 152 The DP Camp is far away from th
Page 152 and 153: 154 Naik and Mr. Prahlad Naid who a
Page 154 and 155: 156 Social Cost of Displacement As
Page 156 and 157: 158 Table 2.32: Comparative village
Page 158 and 159: 160 Rajabandha also has a low cost
Page 160 and 161: 162 on land to be acquired in some
Page 162 and 163: 165 Andhra Pradesh State Overview T
Page 164 and 165: 167 Mining in Andhra Pradesh Almost
Page 166 and 167: 169 small areas where there are qua
Page 168 and 169: 171 other families also working in
Page 170 and 171: 173 Nature of Quarry Work Tradition
Page 172 and 173: 175 Conclusions The three micro-lev
Page 174 and 175: Part III Summary and Recommendation
Page 176 and 177: 180 Whose Child is India’s Mining
Page 178 and 179: 182 attention on child labour issue
Page 180 and 181: 184 are not working in the mines.
Page 182 and 183: 186 proposed to be the basis of th
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188 explored, clear design and work
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OUR EXPERIENCE WITH THE RIGHT TO IN
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193 Andhra Pradesh areas. Appr
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195 Tamil Nadu Orissa informati
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197 compensation for land and R
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Annexures
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200 Karnataka The tables below give
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202 Drop-out children brought back
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205 Glossary Adivasi: The term used
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207 and educational development. Pa
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