Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH

7 > Fuel consumption and pollutant emissions 67
7.4.2 Development of emissions by machine category
Figure 33 shows the development of emissions of the four classical pollutants (CO,
HC, NO x and PM10) by machine category.
Fig. 33 > Development of pollutant emissions
Development of emissions of classical pollutants in tonnes p.a.
Carbon monoxide (CO)
t/a
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Hydrocarbons (HC)
t/a
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Nitrogen oxides (NOX)
t/a
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Particulate matter (PM)
t/a
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Construction machinery Industrial machinery Agricultural machinery Forestry machinery
Garden-care/hobby appliances Marine machinery Railway machinery Military machinery
Numerical values, see Tab. 43 on page 145.
Basically we can anticipate a reduction in emissions of all listed pollutants during the
next few years, but the reduction of carbon monoxide emissions is expected to be lower
than that of the other pollutants. In addition, it is apparent that the degree of reduction
in individual pollutant emissions varies among the different machine/appliance categories.
For example, the reduction of particle emissions from construction machinery is
more pronounced than from agricultural machinery. This means that, despite an absolute
reduction, the relative proportion of PM emissions from agricultural machinery
will increase. There are three reasons for this:
> Numerous construction machines were already retrofitted with particle filter systems
in 2005 (30% of machines > 37 kW, cf. Fig. 20), whereas only a negligible number
of agricultural machines have been retrofitted to date. The degree of retrofitting of