Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH

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Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions FOEN 2008 50 6.3 Agricultural machinery The inventories and operating hours for agricultural machines were projected by Agroscope ART on the basis of the figures obtained from the 1996 and 2003 censuses of agricultural operations. The information in the Swiss Federal Vehicle Inspection Office (EFKO) database could only be used to a limited extent, partly because only some machines are registered (particularly small machines such as single-axle mowers and single-axle tractors), but also because some registered tractors are not used for agricultural purposes. This primarily concerns older models, but also tractors used in forestry and for the care of public areas such as woodlands and parks. The latter are included under “forestry machinery” in the “haulers” sub-category, while old models of tractors are listed under “hobby tractors”. The inventory of chainsaws in the agricultural segment was based on the number of existing agricultural businesses (63,600 in 2005). The assumption here was that each operation has at least one chainsaw, and every second one has two chainsaws. Inventory Figure 23 (top left) shows that more than half the agricultural machines are petrol-powered. This primarily concerns chainsaws (95,000) and single-axle mowers (72,560). Tractors account for 63% of the inventory of diesel-powered machines (107,750 in 2005). The majority of tractors (60%) have an engine rated power between 37 and 75 kW (average for all vehicles: 59 kW). Operating hours and their development from 1980 to 2020 The specific operating hours of agricultural machines were calculated by Agroscope ART using three criteria: > Cultivated areas: calculation of necessary hours of operation based on area of cultivated land > Second-hand tractors: estimate of number of operating hours of second-hand tractors > Calculations based on fuel consumption figures recorded by the Directorate General of Customs (OZD). Based on new calculations made from updated operating hours of agricultural vehicles for the management of cultivated areas of land (Ammann 2007), Agroscope ART cites the mean operating hours of tractors as 200 hours p.a. This figure represents an average for the entire tractor fleet, and takes account of the large number of old tractors with a very low number of operating hours.
6 > Inventories and operating hours of the individual machine categories 51 Fig. 23 > Agricultural machinery: inventories in 2005 and development of operating hours Reference year for inventories, 2005. Inventories by machine type Inventories by engine-power class total: 340,000 2400 14,700 18,900 5330 95,000 72,600 95,000 83,800 6750 22,500 12,000 2200 3730 108,000 53,800 8220 75,000 Single-axle mowers Tractors (agriculture) Combine harvesters Spraying machines Field choppers Twin-axle mowers Transporters and loaders Farmyard loaders Chainsaws (agriculture) Tractors (household) Petrol (4-stroke) Petrol (2-stroke) Diesel
Page 1: Environmental studies > Air 28 08 >
Page 4 and 5: Impressum Issued by Federal Office
Page 6 and 7: Non-road fuel consumption and pollu
Page 9 and 10: Foreword 7 > Foreword It is not onl
Page 11 and 12: Summary 9 Calculation methodology E
Page 13 and 14: Summary 11 Fig. 1 > Non-road pollut
Page 15 and 16: Summary 13 Comparison with road tra
Page 17 and 18: 2 > Objectives 15 2 > Objectives Th
Page 19 and 20: 4 > Methodology 17 4 > Methodology
Page 21 and 22: 4 > Methodology 19 The inventories
Page 23 and 24: 4 > Methodology 21 4.2.5 Dependency
Page 25 and 26: 4 > Methodology 23 4.3 Emission fun
Page 27 and 28: 4 > Methodology 25 With respect to
Page 29 and 30: 4 > Methodology 27 not been explici
Page 31 and 32: 4 > Methodology 29 With respect to
Page 33 and 34: 4 > Methodology 31 Fig. 8 > Emissio
Page 35 and 36: 4 > Methodology 33 Fig. 9 > Derivat
Page 37 and 38: 4 > Methodology 35 these machine ca
Page 39 and 40: 4 > Methodology 37 4.3.7 Particle f
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8 > Fuel consumption and pollutant
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9 > Supplementary observations 103
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Appendix 115 > Appendix A1 Calculat
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Appendix 117 4. Calculation of poll
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Appendix 119 A3 Emission limit valu
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Appendix 121 A3-2 Small petrol-powe
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Appendix 123 Tab. 21 > Emission lim
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Appendix 125 A3-4 Railway vehicles
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Appendix 127 Tab. 25 > Assumptions
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Appendix 129 Tab. 28 > Emission fac
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Appendix 135 A6 Engine rated power
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Appendix 137 Machine category Machi
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Appendix 139 A8 Inventories and ope
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Appendix 141 Machine category Machi
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Appendix 143 A10 Fuel consumption a
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Appendix 145 A12 Emissions by machi
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Appendix 147 Tab. 46 > Agricultural
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Appendix 149 Tab. 49 > Marine machi
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Appendix 151 Pollutant Machine type
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Appendix 155 A14-4 Forestry machine
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Appendix 161 A14-7 Railway machiner
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Appendix 163 A15 Workgroups and the
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Index 165 > Index Definitions Emiss
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Index 167 Fig. 24 Forestry machiner
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Index 169 Tab. 26 Emission factors
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Index 171 SBB 2006: Statistisches V
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Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH

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