Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH
Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH
Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions FOEN 2008 40 Fig. 13 > Development of inventories by engine type in million 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Diesel Petrol (4-stroke) Petrol (2-stroke) Gas Steam A look at the development of inventories of diesel machines by engine-power classes shows that the number with large engines is increasing, while the number with smaller engines is tending to decrease (Fig. 14). This trend applies especially to machines with an engine power between 130 and 300 kW, the number of which is expected to quadruple in the period from 1980 to 2020. Fig. 14 > Development of inventory of machines with diesel engines by engine-power class 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 560 kW
5 > Inventories and operating hours 41 5.3 Operating hours in 2005 The picture with respect to operating hours is quite different from that for inventories, since the specific operating hours vary considerably from category to category (Fig. 15). The specific operating hours of industrial machines, for example, are very high, whereas gardening/hobby appliances are only used sporadically. In the reference year (2005), the specific operating hours of construction machines (i.e. operating hours per machine and year) were around 14 times higher than those of garden-care/hobby appliances. As a comparison between Figure 16 (left) and Figure 11 (left) shows, construction machinery accounts for a much higher proportion of the total operating hours than of the total inventories. And as we can see from Figure 16 (right) and Figure 11 (right), petrol engines account for a much lower proportion of the total operating hours than of the total inventories. Fig. 15 > Average operating hours per machine/appliance per year Reference year, 2005. Specific operating hrs p.a. 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Construction machinery Industrial machinery Agricultural machinery Forestry machinery Gardencare/hobby appliances Marine machinery Railway machinery Military machinery 130 kW Numerical values, see Tab. 10.
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5 > Inventories <strong>and</strong> operating hours 41<br />
5.3 Operating hours in 2005<br />
The picture with respect to operating hours is quite different from that for inventories,<br />
since the specific operating hours vary considerably from category to category<br />
(Fig. 15). The specific operating hours of industrial machines, for example, are very<br />
high, whereas gardening/hobby appliances are only used sporadically. In the reference<br />
year (2005), the specific operating hours of construction machines (i.e. operating hours<br />
per machine <strong>and</strong> year) were around 14 times higher than those of garden-care/hobby<br />
appliances. As a comparison between Figure 16 (left) <strong>and</strong> Figure 11 (left) shows, construction<br />
machinery accounts for a much higher proportion of the total operating hours<br />
than of the total inventories. And as we can see from Figure 16 (right) <strong>and</strong> Figure 11<br />
(right), petrol engines account for a much lower proportion of the total operating hours<br />
than of the total inventories.<br />
Fig. 15 > Average operating hours per machine/appliance per year<br />
Reference year, 2005.<br />
Specific operating hrs p.a.<br />
1000<br />
900<br />
800<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
Construction<br />
machinery<br />
Industrial<br />
machinery<br />
Agricultural<br />
machinery<br />
Forestry<br />
machinery<br />
Gardencare/hobby<br />
appliances<br />
Marine<br />
machinery<br />
Railway<br />
machinery<br />
Military<br />
machinery<br />
130 kW<br />
Numerical values, see Tab. 10.
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