Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH
Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH
Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions FOEN 2008 20 4.2.3 Inventory model For the period concerned, age distribution and inventory data can be used as the basis for calculating segment-specific inventory models for the various machine and appliance categories. In the inventory model, the machines and appliances for each segment are depicted by age or year of manufacture. Fig. 4 > Inventory model based on the example of road finishing machines (construction machinery) Distribution of inventory by year of manufacture in a given reference year. The inventory model was calculated in accordance with the data from the new non-road database in 5-year intervals. This explains the angular nature of the curves. Inventory 500 400 300 200 100 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Year of manufacture 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 4.2.4 Operating hours For each machine type, the number of operating hours was entered specific to the corresponding engine-power class. In addition, assumptions were made regarding the development of operating hours of the machines and appliances in each engine-power class over the period under observation. For this purpose it was assumed that the useful life of a machine increases in proportion to its engine power. This assumption was based on information provided in the questionnaires, the findings of groups of experts (A15) and information obtained from existing literature (IFEU 1999, SBV 2004).
4 > Methodology 21 4.2.5 Dependency of operating hours on age Newer machines are used more intensively than older ones, and this fact is reflected in the model through a function for the dependency of operating hours on the age of the machine. Here, a greater age dependency was assumed for construction machines than for all other machines. The functions for age dependency are depicted in Figure 5. Fig. 5 > Reduction of annual operating hours of a machine depending on age Age dependency of operating hours in accordance with SAEFL 1994. 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Age (= reference year – year of manufacture) Construction machinery, Industrial machinery (snow groomers) Agricultural machinery Industrial machinery, Forestry machinery, Garden-care/hobby appliances, Marine machinery, Railway machinery, Military machinery
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- Page 9 and 10: Foreword 7 > Foreword It is not onl
- Page 11 and 12: Summary 9 Calculation methodology E
- Page 13 and 14: Summary 11 Fig. 1 > Non-road pollut
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- Page 19 and 20: 4 > Methodology 17 4 > Methodology
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4 > Methodology 21<br />
4.2.5 Dependency of operating hours on age<br />
Newer machines are used more intensively than older ones, <strong>and</strong> this fact is reflected in<br />
the model through a function for the dependency of operating hours on the age of the<br />
machine. Here, a greater age dependency was assumed for construction machines than<br />
for all other machines. The functions for age dependency are depicted in Figure 5.<br />
Fig. 5 > Reduction of annual operating hours of a machine depending on age<br />
Age dependency of operating hours in accordance with SAEFL 1994.<br />
100%<br />
80%<br />
60%<br />
40%<br />
20%<br />
0%<br />
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40<br />
Age (= reference year – year of manufacture)<br />
Construction machinery, Industrial machinery (snow groomers)<br />
Agricultural machinery<br />
Industrial machinery, Forestry machinery, Garden-care/hobby appliances, Marine machinery, Railway machinery, Military machinery
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