Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH

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Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions FOEN 2008 18 The calculation methodology outlined above refers to the four classical pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM). The applied emission factors are machine-related and dependent on machine operation. By contrast, CO 2 emissions are directly dependent on fuel consumption. The corresponding conversion factors are indicated in Table 34 on page 134. 4.2 Inventory modelling 4.2.1 Structure The inventory of non-road machines and appliances was carried out by Jaakko Pöyry Infra (formerly Elektrowatt, EWI) in collaboration with other specialists (cf. A15) (EWI 2005). For calculation purposes, the various machines and appliances were divided into the following eight machine categories in accordance with the CORINAIR definitions 4 : > Construction machinery > Industrial machinery > Agricultural machinery > Forestry machinery > Garden-care/hobby appliances > Marine machinery > Railway machinery > Military machinery Each of the eight machine categories is divided into sub-categories by machine type, engine type and engine-power class (Fig. 3). The engine-power classes are in some cases engine-type and category specific. The resulting sub-categories are referred to as segments. Appendix A2 contains a list of all machine categories and types. Fig. 3 > Example of classification structure of non-road database based on composition of a machine/appliance segment Machine category Machine type Engine type Engine-power class 4 CORINAIR (CORe INventory of AIR emissions) is a joint project of the European Topic Centre on Air Emissions and the European Environmental Agency (EEA). The objective here is to collect, manage and publish data relating to air emissions with the aid of a European air emissions inventory and database system.
4 > Methodology 19 The inventories and operating hours in the reference year were entered for each segment, and the data formed the basis for projections concerning the evolution of inventories and operating hours between 1980 and 2020 in intervals of five years. In addition, an age distribution was indicated for each segment that corresponds to the average age of the machines and appliances cited in the non-road database (EWI 2005). When calculating emission levels, this age distribution can be used as the basis for determining which machines/appliances are to be allocated to which emission stages. 4.2.2 Collection of data A variety of methods were used for collecting the required data. Questionnaires were mailed to manufacturers, importers and operators. Where available, use was made of existing statistics in Switzerland and abroad, e. g. the database of the Swiss Federal Motor Vehicle Inspection Office. Special workgroups were formed for the purpose of collecting data relating to specific types of machines and appliances. Due to the relatively modest volume of statistics available in existing data sets, the various data collection groups estimated inventories and operating hours based on the evaluation of questionnaires and the experience of the involved specialists. In addition to inventory figures, information was provided relating to operating hours, and to the development of these key data between 1980 and 2020. On top of this, for each segment the average age of the machines and appliances was estimated, and assumptions were made with respect to typical trends for their age distribution.
Page 1: Environmental studies > Air 28 08 >
Page 4 and 5: Impressum Issued by Federal Office
Page 6 and 7: Non-road fuel consumption and pollu
Page 9 and 10: Foreword 7 > Foreword It is not onl
Page 11 and 12: Summary 9 Calculation methodology E
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Appendix 125 A3-4 Railway vehicles
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Appendix 137 Machine category Machi
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Appendix 145 A12 Emissions by machi
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Appendix 149 Tab. 49 > Marine machi
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Appendix 151 Pollutant Machine type
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Appendix 155 A14-4 Forestry machine
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Appendix 161 A14-7 Railway machiner
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Appendix 163 A15 Workgroups and the
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Index 165 > Index Definitions Emiss
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Index 167 Fig. 24 Forestry machiner
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Index 169 Tab. 26 Emission factors
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Index 171 SBB 2006: Statistisches V
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Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH

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