Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions ... - BAFU - CH

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Non-road fuel consumption and pollutant emissions FOEN 2008 110 Fig. 54 > Comparison between fuel consumption according to the new non-road inventory and the figures presented in Report 49 for 2005 t/a 200,000 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Construction machinery Industrial machinery Agricultural machinery Forestry machinery Garden-care/hobby appliances Marine machinery Railway machinery Military machinery SAEFL Report 49 New non-road inventory Petrol (4-stroke) Gas Diesel The colour coding indicates the data source, while the shading indicates the fuel.
9 > Supplementary observations 111 9.3.5 Emissions In Report 49, emissions are shown at two levels in two different scenarios. Scenario 1 is based on the assumption that no regulations governing maximum emission levels enter into effect for non-road machines. In Scenario 2, initial assumptions have already been made concerning the possible introduction of emission limit values. Figure 55 shows the calculations for both scenarios. The pollutant emissions as per scenario 2 are of course lower than those for scenario 1. Most of the differences between the new calculations and the data cited in Report 49 result from the changed assumptions regarding inventories and operating hours (see section 9.3.1) and the modified emission factors for diesel engines, especially relating to PM emissions. The reasons for the differences in the four main categories (construction, industrial, agricultural machinery and garden/hobby appliances) are explained briefly below. In the construction machinery category, the differences between the two reports in terms of data relating to inventory and operating hours as well as fuel consumption also apply to emissions, with the exception of carbon monoxide and particulate matter. In the case of the latter, the difference (approximately 70% lower level of PM emissions versus scenario 2), is attributable to the new emission factors which are lower for older machines in the new calculation model (see Tab. 14). In the new calculation the carbon monoxide emissions are higher. This is primarily attributable to appliances that were not included in the inventory and operating hours in Report 49. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions from industrial machinery are significantly lower than in previous calculations, even though the assumed operating hours are higher in the new calculations. This increase is attributable to the inclusion of forklifts and snow groomers in the new report, which have low emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons since they are primarily fuelled by diesel and gas. The decrease in carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions can be explained by the number of petrol-powered appliances, which in the new inventory is only around onethird of the level assumed in Report 49. Nitrogen oxide and PM emissions are more or less identical in both calculations, since a larger inventory of diesel machines has been offset by lower emission factors. As a result of the adjustments to the inventory and operating hours, in the new calculation the level of emissions from agricultural machinery is lower than in the previous report. The most pronounced difference concerns PM emissions, for which both the inventory effect and lower emission factors for older machines play a significant role. Here the specific operating hours and average capacities are lower in the new calculation than assumed in Report 49. This results in significantly lower emissions, which in the case of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are less than half the respective levels in Report 49. Construction machinery Industrial machinery Agricultural machinery Garden-care/hobby appliances
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Environmental studies > Air 28 08 >
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Impressum Issued by Federal Office
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Non-road fuel consumption and pollu
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Foreword 7 > Foreword It is not onl
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Summary 9 Calculation methodology E
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Summary 11 Fig. 1 > Non-road pollut
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Summary 13 Comparison with road tra
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2 > Objectives 15 2 > Objectives Th
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4 > Methodology 17 4 > Methodology
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4 > Methodology 19 The inventories
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4 > Methodology 21 4.2.5 Dependency
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4 > Methodology 23 4.3 Emission fun
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4 > Methodology 25 With respect to
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4 > Methodology 27 not been explici
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4 > Methodology 29 With respect to
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4 > Methodology 31 Fig. 8 > Emissio
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4 > Methodology 33 Fig. 9 > Derivat
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4 > Methodology 35 these machine ca
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4 > Methodology 37 4.3.7 Particle f
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5 > Inventories and operating hours
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Page 127 and 128: Appendix 125 A3-4 Railway vehicles
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Page 137 and 138: Appendix 135 A6 Engine rated power
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Page 151 and 152: Appendix 149 Tab. 49 > Marine machi
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Appendix 161 A14-7 Railway machiner
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Appendix 163 A15 Workgroups and the
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Index 165 > Index Definitions Emiss
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Index 167 Fig. 24 Forestry machiner
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Index 169 Tab. 26 Emission factors
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Index 171 SBB 2006: Statistisches V
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