Drug abuse in Pakistan - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

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Interviewers Naushad Ahmed Malik, Mirza Akhtar Mughal, Maqbool Ahmed Mashori, Zeba Anjum, Sarfaraz Qutab, Javed Ali, Abdul Rauf, Wajid Ali, Dr. Qasim Brohi, Ms. Mehmooda Aftab, Mrs. Rukhsana Hussa<strong>in</strong>, Bushra Saeed, Aratus Attarad, Shahid Bilal, Siraj D<strong>in</strong> Bhatti, Pious Bhatti, Dr. Khalida Bajwa, Muzaffar Hussa<strong>in</strong> Khan, Mr. Asim Shahzad, Ommi Kalsoom Khalduna, Edward Arthur Iqbal, Nafeesa Sultana, Shaheena Fakhir, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Hafeez Farooq, Iqbal Bano, Akbar Ali Durrani, Aftab Ali, Andrew Florence, Siqa Fateh, Abdul Waheed Khattak, Zulfiqar, Hilal Ahmed, Nosheen Sabhzada, Asad Haroon, Fawad Rizwan, Gull Haider, Babar Ahmed Bahar, Fazle Ghaffar, Hidayatullah Neak Akhtar, Gul Akbar Khan, Zahid Akhtar. iv
Contents Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pages iii ix Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 <strong>Pakistan</strong> <strong>in</strong> context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 <strong>Drug</strong> cultivation and production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The drug <strong>abuse</strong> problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Status of convention adherence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 National drug control policies, priorities and plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 National <strong>in</strong>stitutional framework and capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Socio-economic characteristics of <strong>Pakistan</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2. Rationale, methods and sampl<strong>in</strong>g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3. Mapp<strong>in</strong>g the national contours of drug <strong>abuse</strong>: the key <strong>in</strong>formant <strong>in</strong>terviews . . . . . . . . 11 Key <strong>in</strong>formant <strong>in</strong>terviews sample description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Perceptions of drug use <strong>in</strong> the locale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Trends <strong>in</strong> drug <strong>abuse</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Perceptions of problems aris<strong>in</strong>g from drug <strong>abuse</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Attitude questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4. Interviews with drug <strong>abuse</strong>rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Data collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Demographics—age distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Prison contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Prison history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Demographics—education and employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Treatment contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 First treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Need for treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>abuse</strong> history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Current drug use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Dependence and problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5. <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>in</strong>ject<strong>in</strong>g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>in</strong>jection among the sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>in</strong>ject<strong>in</strong>g amongst women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Age, education and employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Patterns of use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 v
Page 1 and 2: Supported by the UNDCP Global Asses
Page 3 and 4: UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR DRUG CONT
Page 5: Acknowledgements The National <stro
Page 9 and 10: 3. Respondents’ perceptions of th
Page 11 and 12: Executive summary The Pakis
Page 13 and 14: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY About half of tho
Page 15: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY on these groups c
Page 18 and 19: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN data are to
Page 20 and 21: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN at the time
Page 22 and 23: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Act also all
Page 25: 2 Rationale, methods and sampl<stro
Page 28 and 29: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN (19 urban an
Page 30 and 31: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table 3. Res
Page 32 and 33: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN associated w
Page 34 and 35: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table 7. Per
Page 36 and 37: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Perceptions
Page 38 and 39: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN decl
Page 40 and 41: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN in</
Page 42 and 43: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table 14. Me
Page 44 and 45: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN This suggest
Page 46 and 47: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Respondents
Page 49 and 50: 5 Drug in<
Page 51 and 52: DRUG INJECTING in
Page 53 and 54: DRUG INJECTING Lahore profile In La
Page 55: DRUG INJECTING unemployed, compared
Page 58 and 59:
DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN In P
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DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN procedures f
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DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN National tre
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8 National drug contour mapp<strong
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NATIONAL DRUG CONTOUR MAPPING Table
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NATIONAL DRUG CONTOUR MAPPING Figur
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Page 75 and 76:
9 Drug abu
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IMPLICATIONS OF THE NATIONAL ASSESS
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IMPLICATIONS OF THE NATIONAL ASSESS
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DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN different as
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DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN offences for
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DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN This approac
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DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table A.II.1
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Annex III. Tables supplemental to p
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ANNEX III. TABLES SUPPLEMENTAL TO P
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ANNEX III. TABLES SUPPLEMENTAL TO P
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Drug abuse in Pakistan - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

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