Drug abuse in Pakistan - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

More documents

Recommendations

Info

DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Act also allows the Government to set up Special Courts with exclusive jurisdiction <strong>in</strong> drug matters and to establish a National Fund for the Control of <strong>Drug</strong> Abuse to be partially funded from assets forfeited under the legislation. Provision is also made for the mandatory report<strong>in</strong>g by banks and f<strong>in</strong>ancial <strong>in</strong>stitutions of suspicious f<strong>in</strong>ancial transactions. Chapter VI of the CNS Act 1997 deals with treatment and rehabilitation of addicts: Article 52 stipulates that Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Governments shall register all drug addicts for the purpose of treatment and rehabilitation while the Federal Government is held responsible to bear the cost for first-time compulsory detoxification or deaddiction of an addict. Article 53 requests the Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Governments to establish as many treatment centres as necessary for detoxification, de-addiction, education, after-care, rehabilitation, social <strong>in</strong>tegration of addicts and for supply of such medic<strong>in</strong>es as are considered necessary for the detoxification of the addicts. In 1998, the CNS Act was extended to the Federal and Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Adm<strong>in</strong>istered Tribal Areas, but overall implementation of the Act has progressed rather slowly. Up till the present time, no prov<strong>in</strong>cial registration of addicts has taken place and the prov<strong>in</strong>cial treatment centres referred to <strong>in</strong> Article 53 are yet to be established. National drug control policies, priorities and plans In 1995/96, the Government of <strong>Pakistan</strong> with assistance from UNDCP prepared a comprehensive Master Plan for <strong>Drug</strong> Abuse Control: 1998-2003. In 1998, UNDCP revitalized this plan and advocated at the highest level for its speedy approval. Follow<strong>in</strong>g m<strong>in</strong>or amendments, the Master Plan was approved by the Prime M<strong>in</strong>ister’s Cab<strong>in</strong>et <strong>in</strong> February 1999. The Master Plan is structured around six objectives and related strategies, outputs and activities. Three of the objectives aim at strengthen<strong>in</strong>g law enforcement, two refer to demand reduction and one to supply reduction. The f<strong>in</strong>ancial requirements for the five-year duration of the plan have been estimated at Rs 2,832 million (approx. US$ 56 million). Federal and Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Governments, <strong>United</strong> <strong>Nations</strong> agencies, multi- and bilateral donors have been <strong>in</strong>dicated as possible sources of fund<strong>in</strong>g. National <strong>in</strong>stitutional framework and capacity The Narcotics Control Division: <strong>Pakistan</strong>’s drug control policy mak<strong>in</strong>g and plann<strong>in</strong>g is the responsibility of the Narcotics Control Division which forms part of the M<strong>in</strong>istry of Interior and Narcotics Control which was created <strong>in</strong> 1989. The Narcotics Control Division is headed by a Secretary who is UNDCP’s designated government counterpart. In the Anti Narcotics Force Act 1997, the Anti Narcotics Force (ANF) has been given primary responsibility for <strong>in</strong>terdict<strong>in</strong>g the production, smuggl<strong>in</strong>g, traffick<strong>in</strong>g and <strong>abuse</strong> of narcotics substances and illicit psychotropic substances. Although the Anti Narcotics Force Act does not make direct reference to demand reduction activities, ANF cont<strong>in</strong>ued to implement demand reduction projects which had been previously implemented by the <strong>Pakistan</strong> Narcotics Control Boards (PNCB). The <strong>Drug</strong> Abuse Prevention Resource Centre (DAPRC) that was established under the PNCB with significant assistance from USAID, has been ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed by the ANF and has been quite active as long as assistance from donors, ma<strong>in</strong>ly from the <strong>United</strong> States and the European Commission, was forthcom<strong>in</strong>g. Currently, there are two departments with<strong>in</strong> ANF that deal with demand reduction: DAPRC and the Plann<strong>in</strong>g and Development Department. Both Departments are headed by a Director who report to the Deputy Director-General of ANF. Socio-economic characteristics of <strong>Pakistan</strong> Poor social and economic conditions <strong>in</strong> <strong>Pakistan</strong> have a broad impact on <strong>Pakistan</strong>’s overall health situation and <strong>in</strong>crease vulnerability of the general 6
BACKGROUND population to drug problems. Recent estimates <strong>in</strong>dicate that 34% of the population live below the poverty l<strong>in</strong>e, and this percentage is even higher for those <strong>in</strong> rural areas. Poverty is <strong>in</strong>extricably l<strong>in</strong>ked to an array of difficulties that reduce the life chances of <strong>in</strong>dividuals and overall health and well be<strong>in</strong>g of households and communities. For example, those who are poor often have the least access to education and social services, and therefore least access to the <strong>in</strong>formation and tools which might help them protect themselves from drug <strong>abuse</strong> and other health and social threats. In addition, poverty sometimes <strong>in</strong>fluences people to make choices that make them more vulnerable to <strong>in</strong>fections, for example, the frustrations related to poverty can drive people to <strong>abuse</strong> drugs. A number of socio-economic factors such as youth, unemployment, large disparities between <strong>in</strong>come groups, poverty, urbanization are known to be l<strong>in</strong>ked to drug <strong>abuse</strong> and crime. But as yet, little is know about the relationship of these factors to drug <strong>abuse</strong> problems <strong>in</strong> <strong>Pakistan</strong>. Furthermore, no ongo<strong>in</strong>g surveillance <strong>in</strong>formation is available to monitor trends over time. For example drug related overdoses or deaths are also not recorded <strong>in</strong> the country nor is there a centralized register on the behaviour of treatment attendees. The <strong>in</strong>volvement of drug addicts <strong>in</strong> crim<strong>in</strong>al activity is also not measured. A high level of poverty and other press<strong>in</strong>g needs on the public purse makes it difficult to <strong>in</strong>vest <strong>in</strong> prevention and treatment activities. 7
Page 1 and 2: Supported by the UNDCP Global Asses
Page 3 and 4: UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR DRUG CONT
Page 5 and 6: Acknowledgements The National <stro
Page 7 and 8: Contents Acknowledgements . . . . .
Page 9 and 10: 3. Respondents’ perceptions of th
Page 11 and 12: Executive summary The Pakis
Page 13 and 14: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY About half of tho
Page 15: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY on these groups c
Page 18 and 19: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN data are to
Page 20 and 21: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN at the time
Page 25: 2 Rationale, methods and sampl<stro
Page 28 and 29: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN (19 urban an
Page 30 and 31: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table 3. Res
Page 32 and 33: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN associated w
Page 34 and 35: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table 7. Per
Page 36 and 37: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Perceptions
Page 38 and 39: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN decl
Page 40 and 41: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN in</
Page 42 and 43: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table 14. Me
Page 44 and 45: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN This suggest
Page 46 and 47: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Respondents
Page 49 and 50: 5 Drug in<
Page 51 and 52: DRUG INJECTING in
Page 53 and 54: DRUG INJECTING Lahore profile In La
Page 55: DRUG INJECTING unemployed, compared
Page 58 and 59: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN In P
Page 60 and 61: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN procedures f
Page 62 and 63: DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN National tre
Page 65 and 66: 8 National drug contour mapp<strong
Page 67 and 68: NATIONAL DRUG CONTOUR MAPPING Table
Page 69 and 70: NATIONAL DRUG CONTOUR MAPPING Figur
Page 71 and 72: NATIONAL DRUG CONTOUR MAPPING Table
Page 73 and 74:
NATIONAL DRUG CONTOUR MAPPING Table
Page 75 and 76:
9 Drug abu
Page 77 and 78:
IMPLICATIONS OF THE NATIONAL ASSESS
Page 79:
IMPLICATIONS OF THE NATIONAL ASSESS
Page 82 and 83:
DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN different as
Page 84 and 85:
DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN offences for
Page 86 and 87:
DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN This approac
Page 88 and 89:
DRUG ABUSE IN PAKISTAN Table A.II.1
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 97 and 98:
Annex III. Tables supplemental to p
Page 99 and 100:
ANNEX III. TABLES SUPPLEMENTAL TO P
Page 101 and 102:
ANNEX III. TABLES SUPPLEMENTAL TO P
show all

Drug abuse in Pakistan - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?