Leapfrogging Possibilities For Sustainable Consumption and ...

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Figure 7: Coverage with improved drinking water sources for different sub-regions of the world 1990, 2004 and 2015 MDG target. 19 2.3.2 Health and Environmental Challenges While recognizing the relationship between health challenges and environmental challenges namely climate change, desertification and biodiversity loss, they are consciously presented as different subsections with the intention of providing better resoultion. 2.3.2.1 Health challenges Health problems such as malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/Aids are the biggest health challenges faced by many countries in Africa (see Figure 8 for Malaria prevalence). Child mortality and maternal mortality are still responsible for a significant number of deaths in Africa. Millions of African children suffer from diseases that can be traced back to malnutrition. Average life expectancy in Africa is the global lowest. 19 WHO and UNCIEF(2006) 18
Figure 8: Malaria affected areas in Africa 20 2.3.2.2 Climate change Although Africa contributes with a mere 3% of total global greenhouse gases, it will be the one to suffer most from the consequences of climate change as pointed out by IPPC’s recent report of 2007. Agricultural productivity and health conditions related to water supply and sanitation will worsen as a result of rise in ambient temperature. Many coastal areas of Africa will take their share of problems due to sea level rise. Figure 9 shows regional vulnerability to different impacts associated with climate change including desertification, sea level rise, reduced freshwater availability, cyclones, coastal erosion, deforestation, loss of forest quality, woodland degradation, coral bleaching, the spread of malaria and impacts on food security. 20 UNEP (2002d) 19
Page 1 and 2: Task Force “Cooperation with Afri
Page 3 and 4: 6.2.3 Lack of institutional capacit
Page 5 and 6: need to consider leapfrogging possi
Page 7 and 8: household and government level resu
Page 9 and 10: PART I - CONTEXTUAL DESCRIPTIION 2
Page 11 and 12: Table 1: Agricultural Indicators by
Page 13 and 14: The Reference scenario assumes cont
Page 15 and 16: primarily along waterways. Associat
Page 17: Figure 6: Water Supply and Sanitati
Page 21 and 22: Figure 9: Threatened and endangered
Page 23 and 24: 3.2 Current activities related to S
Page 25 and 26: the context-relevance of SCP to Afr
Page 27 and 28: PART II- SCP AND LEAPFROGGIING 4 Le
Page 29 and 30: African countries face the challeng
Page 31 and 32: Biofuel The development of large-sc
Page 33 and 34: To appreciate the significance of t
Page 35 and 36: deterring cattle thefts, The EU bee
Page 37 and 38: Solar-powered micro-enterprise buil
Page 39 and 40: 5 SCP Areas attractive for leapfrog
Page 41 and 42: 5.2.3 Biotechnology Development of
Page 43 and 44: Sanitation access Sanitation Techno
Page 45 and 46: Figure 12: Proportion of Children C
Page 47 and 48: programme is associated with the go
Page 49 and 50: 7.3.3 South-South Cooperation Coope
Page 51 and 52: this temptation of going for quick
Page 53 and 54: initiatives. The role of developmen
Page 55 and 56: http://www.uneca.org/csd/CSD4_Repor

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